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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Phoenician Tombs"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 29 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Phoenician Tombs"

Mustafa, Bashar. "Ras al-Shagry tomb update: North Phoenician territory in the second half of the first millennium BC". Buried History: The Journal of the Australian Institute of Archaeology 51 (1 de janeiro de 2016): 45–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.62614/3dbppb05.

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This paper describes the Ras al-Shagry tomb, located in the area of ancient Phoenicia on the Arwadian coast of Syria and discusses it in the context of previous research into the cemeteries of the region. It draws attention to the differences between the sarcophagus-containing tomb of Ras al Shagry and the nearby tower tombs, which do not contain sarcophagi. These differences may be related to particular religious practices and/or socio-political influences. This study develops an iconographic relationship between the sarcophagus itself and the artefacts found within the hypogeal tomb to establish its earliest chronology. Historical events are also discussed in relation to the last period of original use of the Ras al-Shagry tomb. The paper offers new insights into the architectural and cultural context of the territory of Arados/Amrīt during the Achaemenid Empire (sixth to third centuries BC).

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Wolff, Samuel R. "Tharros: A Catalogue of Material in the British Museum from Phoenician and Other Tombs at Tharros, Sardinia. R. D. Barnett , C. Mendleson". Journal of Near Eastern Studies 51, n.º 2 (abril de 1992): 149–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/373541.

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Orsingher, Adriano. "Architecture and Afterlife: Small Portable Shrines and Ritual Activities from Tyre to Ibiza". Journal of Eastern Mediterranean Archaeology and Heritage Studies 11, n.º 2-3 (1 de setembro de 2023): 256–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jeasmedarcherstu.11.2-3.0256.

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ABSTRACT The miniaturization of architecture in past and modern societies is a cross-cultural phenomenon, which has received enormous attention in scholarship, particularly in works relating to the Bronze and Iron Age eastern Mediterranean. This article focuses on some small-scale terracotta buildings known from Phoenicia around the seventh to the sixth centuries BCE, argues for their identification as portable shrines, compares them to similar examples from Cyprus, and includes finds from Carthage, Malta, and Ibiza in the discussion. All of this evidence reflects a time when small chapels were increasingly adopted in Phoenician architecture, reproduced at different scales in multiple media, and used in a variety of contexts. Finally, Tyre al-Bass Tomb 8 and other funerary assemblages yielding portable shrines support the idea that they were the focus of ritual activities at burial sites, and their deposition may have followed their use in practices involving storytelling, the libation of scented liquids, and/or the burning of aromatic substances.

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Schmitz, Philip. "The Owl in Phoenician Mortuary Practice". Journal of Ancient Near Eastern Religions 9, n.º 1 (2009): 51–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156921209x449161.

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AbstractRecent excavations in the Iron Age necropolis of Tyre (al-Bass district) allow a substantial reconstruction of the Phoenician ritual of cremation burial. Among the faunal remains from Tyre al-Bass Tomb 8 are two talons from a species of owl. The talons had been charred and perhaps boiled before placement with the grave goods. This paper examines ancient Near Eastern and biblical cultural interpretations of the owl and suggests a range of possible explanations for the presence of owl remains in this Phoenician burial.

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Megaw, A. H. S., e J. W. Hayes. "Hellenistic and Roman pottery deposits from the ‘Saranda Kolones’ castle site at Paphos". Annual of the British School at Athens 98 (novembro de 2003): 447–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400016956.

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The Crusader castle (now called ‘Saranda Kolones’) on the ancient site of Paphos was built and occupied c. AD 1192–1222. It overlies and partly truncates a series of ancient features (tombs, cisterns, wells, church remains, etc.). The layers associated with these, excavated at various times between 1957 and 1985, contain rich deposits spanning a period from the 4th century BC to the 8th/9th centuries AD.Some 410 pottery items from the pre-Castle phases are presented here, mostly in a series of 16 selected deposits arranged in chronological order. These range from early tomb-groups to stratified well fills and an important destruction deposit of c. AD 650. The final ancient occupation (8th–9th centuries) is marked by the appearance of some lead-glazed wares and some imports from the Umayyad orbit.Individual items of interest from other layers are appended. Some Hellenistic and Roman imports from Phoenicia and elsewhere are here documented in Cyprus for the first time. The later (Medieval) pottery from the site is reserved for publication in the main report on the castle (forthcoming).

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García Carretero, Juan Ramón, e Juan Antonio Martín Ruiz. "Zoomorphic Askos from Beatas Street Necropolis Preserved in the Museum of Malaga in Spain". Athens Journal of Humanities & Arts 11, n.º 1 (2 de outubro de 2023): 89–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/ajha.11-1-4.

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A terracotta figure which can be dated to the 1st century BC coming from one of the burial areas documented in the city of Malaga (Spain) located in Beatas Street is described. The figure is currently being displayed in the Museum of Malaga and has remained unpublished up until now. It corresponds to a zoomorphic askos in the shape of a lion whose purpose would be to protect the tomb’s owner for the afterlife. The representation of this animal in this pottery shape could be linked with Phoenician female goddesses, particularly Tanit, and it is not very common in the ancient Phoenician colonies around the Mediterranean, being the only finding in Malaca, which certainly sparks interest

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Karageorghis, Vassos, e Efstathios Raptou. "Palaepaphos-Skales Tomb 277. More prestigious burials. With an appendix by Maria A. Socratous". Opuscula. Annual of the Swedish Institutes at Athens and Rome, n.º 12 (novembro de 2019): 327–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.30549/opathrom-12-11.

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Tomb 277 in the Skales cemetery at Palaepaphos, excavated by the Cyprus Department of Antiquities, is among the richest ever found in the south-west of the island. It dates to the Cypro-Geometric III period (c. 900–750 BC) and was used for multiple burials of important members of the Palaepaphian society, namely warriors and important women (priestesses of the Great Goddess?) judging from the abundant offerings of arms and armour as well as gold jewellery respectively (including gold plaques embossed with the head of the Egyptian goddess Hathor). Notable among the offerings are two bronze basins, six small hemispherical bronze bowls, two bronze mace-heads (symbols of authority), a bronze shield of a rare type, and two richly decorated belts of oriental type. We also mention two iron swords and a bronze spearhead. Among the pottery we note the high percentage of Phoenician imports. Both inhumations and a cremation burial were observed in the tomb.

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Vagnetti, Lucia. "A Sardinian Askos from Crete". Annual of the British School at Athens 84 (novembro de 1989): 355–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0068245400021043.

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An askos (BSA 49 [1954] 222, pl. 25:111) found by R.W. Hutchinson in Tomb 2 at Khaniale Tekke near Knossos is recognized as an export from nuragic Sardinia; similar askoi are common there in the same chronological range, c. 850–680 B.C., as that represented by the Cretan context. Although other good parallels have also been found outside Sardinia, notably at Vetulonia in Etruria, the Tekke piece is the first Sardinian artefact of the Early Iron Age to be identified in the Aegean. Its presence there is related to the Phoenician element in the complex pattern of long distance trade that preceded the arrival in Italy of the first Western Greeks.

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Zissu, Boaz, e Nurit Shtober-Zisu. "An Underground Rock-Cut Shrine near Amatsya, Judean Foothills, Israel". Cercetări Arheologice 30, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2023): 599–626. http://dx.doi.org/10.46535/ca.30.2.11.

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This article presents our documentation of a previously unidentified subterranean complex located near Amatsya, Israel. The study revolves primarily around an examination of the architecture, decorations, and letters carved on the walls of an underground rock-cut hall. The layout of the hall bears a striking resemblance to sacred architecture prevalent in the region since the Middle Bronze Age, while its decorative elements are linked to earlier artistic traditions dating back to the Iron Age, as well as the aniconic characteristics found in Idumean, Canaanite, Phoenician and Nabatean art of the Persian and Hellenistic periods. According to paleographic analysis, the Aramaic lapidary inscriptions, which possibly mention two deities, El and Adon, are tentatively dated to the 5th-4th centuries BCE. Our main thesis is that this hall functioned as a private shrine, possibly a funerary shrine adjacent to a rock-cut burial complex. We propose that both the shrine and the adjacent tomb were utilized by an Idumean landowner, showcasing influences from Phoenician / Canaanite iconographic traditions. Consequently, the site assumes significant importance, as it offers novel insights into the field of study by presenting, for the first time, a relatively well-preserved underground Idumean shrine from the Persian and Hellenistic periods. These finds contribute to a deeper understanding of the religious and cultural practices of the Idumeans during that specific era.

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Pöhlmann, Egert. "Reading and Writing, Singing and Playing on Three Early Red-Figure Vases". Greek and Roman Musical Studies 7, n.º 2 (20 de agosto de 2019): 270–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22129758-12341350.

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Abstract The tools for reading and writing, the writing tablets and the papyrus scroll, were inherited by Greece from the East together with the Phoenician alphabet. The oldest papyrus scroll and writing tablets with Greek text were found in the tomb of a musician in Daphne dated to 430 BC. After 700 BC writing tablets were ubiquitous in Greece. However, black figure vases do not depict them. The first writing tablet appears on a red figure kylix of the Euergides Painter from Vulci (520). The first papyrus scrolls appear, together with writing tablets and the lyre, on a kylix from Ferrara (c. 480-70). Papyrus scrolls, writing tablets, the lyre and aulos appear together on the famous Berlin kylix of Douris from Caere (480).

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Mais fontes

Livros sobre o assunto "Phoenician Tombs"

Raïf, Haykal Mohamed, ed. Nouvelles découvertes sur les usages funéraires de Phéniciens d'Arwad. Paris: Gabalda., 1996.

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Moreno, Lorenzo Perdigones. La necrópolis fenicio-púnica de Cádiz: Siglos VI-IV a. de C. Roma: II Università degli studi di Roma, Dipartimento di storia, 1990.

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Bartoloni, Piero. La necropoli di Monte Sirai. Roma: Consiglio nazionale delle ricerche, Istituto per la civiltà fenicia e punica Sabatino Moscati, 2000.

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Sainz, María Luisa Ramos. Estudio sobre el ritual funerario en las necrópolis fenicias y púnicas de la península ibérica. Madrid: Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 1990.

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Ana María Niveau de Villedary y Mariñas e Verónica Gómez Fernández. La necrópolis de Cádiz: Apuntes de arqueología gaditana en homenaje a J. F. Sibón Olano. Cádiz: Diputación de Cádiz, Cultura Publicaciones, 2010.

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Cesnola, Luigi Palma di. Cyprus: Its ancient cities, tombs, and temples. Nicosia, Cyprus: Star Graphics, 1991.

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British Museum. Tharros: A catalogue of material in the British Museum from Phoenician and other tombs at Tharros, Sardinia. London: Published for the Trustees of the British Museum by British Museum Publications, 1987.

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Ana María Niveau de Villedary y Mariñas. Ofrendas, banquetes y libaciones: El ritual funerario en la necrópolis púnica de Cádiz. Cádiz: UCA, Universidad de Cádiz, Servicio de Publicaciones, 2009.

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Neri, Diana. Le coppe fenicie della tomba Bernardini nel museo di Villa Giulia. La Spezia: Agor'a, 2000.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Phoenician Tombs"

Steiner, Margreet L. "The Case of the Enigmatic “Cypro-Phoenician” Juglets in Moab". In The Woman in the Pith Helmet, 279–90. Lockwood Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5913/2020334.ch15.

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In several Iron Age tombs in ancient Moab in Transjordan, large quantities of small painted juglets have been found. In excavation reports these juglets are commonly called “Cypro-Phoenician” and are seen as products of the interregional trade over the King’s Highway and as direct proof of con- tacts with Phoenicia. However, the Jordanian juglets differ significantly from those found in either Cy- prus or Phoenicia. This analysis of a number of the juglets from Mudayna, Sahab, and Dhiban show that these luxury items were most likely locally made. In the emerging state of Moab they may have been used as markers of status and identity by the elites buried in the tombs.

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Abulafia, David. "The Triumph of the Tyrrhenians, 800 BC–400 BC". In The Great Sea. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195323344.003.0015.

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The importance of the Etruscans does not simply lie in the painted tombs whose lively designs captivated D. H. Lawrence, nor in the puzzle of where their distinctive language originated, nor in the heavy imprint they left on early Rome. Theirs was the first civilization to emerge in the western Mediterranean under the impetus of the cultures of the eastern Mediterranean. Etruscan culture is sometimes derided as derivative, and the Etruscans have been labelled ‘artless barbarians’ by one of the most distinguished experts on Greek art; anything they produced that meets Greek standards is classified as the work of Greek artists, and the rest is discarded as proof of their artistic incompetence. Most, though, would find common cause with Lawrence in praising the vitality and expressiveness of their art even when it breaks with classical notions of taste or perfection. But what matters here is precisely the depth of the Greek and oriental imprint on Etruria, the westward spread of a variety of east Mediterranean cultures, and the building of close commercial ties between central Italy, rarely visited by the Mycenaeans, and both the Aegean and the Levant. This was part of a wider movement that also embraced, in different ways, Sardinia and Mediterranean Spain. With the rise of the Etruscans – the building of the first cities in Italy, apart from the very earliest Greek colonies, the creation of Etruscan sea power, the formation of trading links between central Italy and the Levant – the cultural geography of the Mediterranean underwent a lasting transformation. Highly complex urban societies developed along the shores of the western Mediterranean; there, the products of Phoenicia and the Aegean were in constant demand, and new artistic styles came into existence, marrying native traditions with those of the East. Along the new trade routes linking Etruria to the east came not just Greek and Phoenician merchants but the gods and goddesses of the Greeks and the Phoenicians, and it was the former (along with a full panoply of myths about Olympus, tales of Troy and legends of the heroes) that decisively conquered the minds of the peoples of central Italy.

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Garbati, Giuseppe. "Death at the Centre of Life: Some Notes on Gods and the Dead, Temples and Tombs in the Phoenician Context". In Naming and Mapping the Gods in the Ancient Mediterranean, 431–56. De Gruyter, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110798432-023.

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"CHAPTER 3: ISRAELITE TOMB AND FUNERARY INSCRIPTIONS". In Death and Burial in Iron Age Israel, Aram, and Phoenicia, 63–102. Piscataway, NJ, USA: Gorgias Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31826/9781463237240-006.

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Cameron, Alan. "Bogus Citations". In Greek Mythography in the Roman World, 124–63. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195171211.003.0006.

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Abstract The problem of verifying references brings us back to the baffling question of bogus sources. I am not here concerned with imaginary works like the unfinished poem of Solon in which Plato claimed to have found the story of Atlantis, or the inscribed dedication on the island of Panchaia where Euhemerus claimed to have learned the truth about King Zeus and his family, or even the bronze tablets supposedly dug up by his father in the family house that Acusilaus cited as authority for his own Genealogies, the first prose work of Greek mythography. And only marginally with the Trojan journal of Dictys of Crete, allegedly discovered (written in the original Phoenician script) in a tomb split open by lightning. The devices of the long-lost manuscript and hidden tablets were to have a rich future in the history of fiction and forgery. Though sometimes taken seriously by the gullible,5 most such inventions can hardly have been intended (or expected) to deceive.

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