Bibliografias temáticas / Philippine Crimes against humanity

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 26 de julho de 2024
Última modificação: 27 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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Elco, Urlialy, Josina Augustina Yvonne Wattimena e Popi Tuhulele. "Pelanggaran Hak Asasi Manusia Terhadap Anak-Anak Dan Pertanggungjawabannya Menurut Hukum Internasional". TATOHI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum 3, n.º 9 (26 de dezembro de 2023): 878. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/tatohi.v3i9.1950.

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Introduction: A total of 169 of the total 181 ILO member states have ratified Convention No. 182 since its adoption in 1999. This means that these countries have committed to take immediate and effective action to prohibit and eliminate all forms of worst child labour. One of the ILO member countries that are committed is the Philippines.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to analyze and find out that human rights violations against children in the Philippines can be classified as crimes against humanity, to analyze and determine the responsibility of the perpetrators according to international law and, as one of the requirements in completing studies at the law faculty.Methods of the Research: The method used is a normative juridical research method with an analytical descriptive type, a process to find rules, principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal information at hand.Results of the Research: The results showed that Human Rights Violations in the Philippines can be classified as human crimes because the types of crimes that can be classified as crimes against humanity, are: murder, extermination, slavery, deportation, exploitation and other inhumane acts committed against the civilian population, or persecution. on political, racial or religious grounds in the commission of or in connection with crimes within the jurisdiction of the Court. Because exploitation is a type of crime that can be qualified as a crime against humanity, the Human Rights Violations in the Philippines can be classified as human crimes. Perpetrators of sexual exploitation of children in the Philippines can be held accountable under international law because in international law perpetrators of sexual exploitation of children have violated human rights, especially regarding the Convention on the Rights of the Child. In addition, the Philippines has established special rules regarding human trafficking as stipulated in the Republic of Indonesia Law Number 9208 or known as the Anti-Trafficking Law in 2003.
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Rakhmawati, Neni. "International Criminal Court Jurisdiction Against Human Rights Violations by Philippine President After Withdrawal from Rome Statute". Semarang State University Undergraduate Law and Society Review 3, n.º 1 (20 de janeiro de 2023): 91–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/lsr.v3i1.57091.

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Rodrigo Duterte who has ordered the police to execute drug addicts who do not want to be arrested. However, the assailant was still shot despite surrendering to arrest, the police on behalf of the anti-drug unit went to people's homes and did so because of the policy of "who gets killed, the police get paid". The crime that has been committed by Rodrigo Duterte under ICC jurisdiction is giving orders. to the police and the public to carry out extrajudicial killings of individuals involved in narcotics and to protect those who carry out their orders, so that Rodrigo Duterte is judged guilty and responsible in accordance with Article 25 paragraph 3 (b), (c), (d) the Rome Statute Crimes against humanity are among the criminal jurisdictions of the ICC. Although the Philippines withdrew from the Rome Statute, it did not prevent the International Criminal Court (ICC) from reviewing the case involving Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte. The Rome Statute provides for withdrawals, in particular article 127 , paragraphs (1) and (2) of the 1998 Rome Statute.
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Jasmine Yogaswara, Aisyah. "IMPACT OF PHILIPPINES’ WITHDRAWAL FROM INTERNATIONAL CRIMINAL COURT ON CRIME AGAINST HUMANITY INVESTIGATION IN PHILIPPINES". Padjadjaran Journal of International Law 4, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2021): 226–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.23920/pjil.v4i2.413.

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Abstract Rodrigo Roa Duterte is the incumbent president of the Philippines who was inaugurated on June 30th 2016 and initiated the War on Drugs Operation to eradicate drug abuse in the Philippines one day after his inauguration. The operation gave authorization to the members of Philippines National Police to ‘neutralize’ or kill suspects of illegal drugs dealers and users. The operation also related to other crime such as rape, imprisonment, and torture. The crimes are committed as part of a widespread and systematic attack directed against the civilian population as therefore it can be qualified as crimes against humanity. Philippines’ status as a state party to Rome Statute gives ICC the chance to prosecute Philippines’ nationals if they committed crimes against humanity. However, after the ICC Prosecutor initiated preliminary examination on the related case, Philippines deposited its instrument of withdrawal from the Rome Statute. The purpose of this research is to find out the legal effect of Philippines withdrawal toward ICC’s process of preliminary examination, investigation, and trial, and whether ICC have any jurisdiction over crimes against humanity that is committed after Philippines’ withdrawal becomes effective. Keywords: Crimes Against Humanity, International Criminal Court, Rome Statute Abstrak Rodrigo Roa Duterte menjabat menjadi Presiden Filipina pada tanggal 30 Juni 2016 dan memulai operasi pemberantasan narkotika yang disebut War on Drugs Operation sehari setelahnya. Operasi tersebut memberikan izin bagi Polisi Nasional Filipina untuk melakukan penembakan di tempat atas tersangka pengguna dan pengedar narkotika. Selain itu, terdapat kejahatan lain terkait operasi tersebut di antaranya pemerkosaan, penyiksaan dan penahanan tanpa proses hukum. Kejahatan-kejahatan tersebut dilakukan secara meluas, sistematis dan ditujukan pada populasi sipil yang menjadikannya dapat dikualifikasikan sebagai kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan. Status Filipina sebagai negara pihak dalam Statuta Roma menjadikan ICC memiliki kewenangan untuk mengadili warga negara Filipina yang melakukan kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan. Namun, setelah Jaksa Penuntut ICC memulai pemeriksaan pendahuluan atas War on Drugs Operation, Filipina melakukan penarikan diri dari Statuta Roma. Tujuan dari penulisan tugas akhir ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana pengaruh penarikan diri Filipina dari Statuta Roma terhadap pemeriksaan pendahuluan yang sedang dilakukan dan apakah ICC memiliki yurisdiksi atas kejahatan terhadap kemanusiaan yang masih terjadi di Filipina pasca penarikan dirinya berlaku efektif. Kata kunci: Kejahatan Terhadap Kemanusiaan, Mahkamah Pidana Internasional, Statuta Roma
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Sirait, Timbo Mangaranap. "The dispute between national jurisdiction and the international criminal court for extraordinary and humanity crimes". South Florida Journal of Development 4, n.º 8 (17 de novembro de 2023): 3316–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.46932/sfjdv4n8-027.

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Where there is society there is law (Ubi Societas Ibi Ius), and when drug crime as an "extraordinary crime" claimed more than 4 million victims (2016) in the Philippines, then President Duterte according to national criminal law declared "War on Drugs Operation", and as a result the perpetrators of crimes died 12,000 people, however, Duterte was instead considered a perpetrator of crimes against humanity (extrajudicial killing) by the International Criminal Court (ICC). Research Methods with Normative Juridical through literature study, and according to the formulation of the problem raised, it was found and concluded that, First, the authority of the Philippines to make a policy of "War on Drugs Operation" tackling extraordinary drug crimes in a reflexive manner with the principle of legality of Article 9 Republic Act 9145 is a lawful policy, Second, in legal jurisdictional disputes, then as long as the enforcement of the national law is carried out based on the applicable criminal law, then the justice that must be put forward is justice in national law, in this case the ICC actually has to reform the law in the Rome Statute because there is still a void in the norms governing such jurisdictional disputes.
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Dewi, Chloryne. "ICC and ASEAN: Weakening or Strengthening National Criminal Justice System?" PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 06, n.º 02 (agosto de 2019): 407–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v6n2.a10.

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The objective of the establishment of the International Criminal Court by the Rome Statute 1998 is to achieve global justice. The spirit to end impunity established the ICC to respond to four previous criminal tribunals that have been criticized as victor’s justice and selective justice. The ICC has material jurisdiction on the four most serious crimes: crimes against humanity, genocide, war crimes, and crimes of aggression. These crimes can be committed in any part of the world, including Southeast Asia. The latest case was crimes against humanity that lead to genocide of the Rohingya people in Myanmar, not to mention extra judicial killings as a policy of drugs war and towards journalist in the Philippines. However, none of the case has been brought to justice. In view of that, this study examined challenges and opportunities toward the implementation of Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, it also observed possible impacts in implementing Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia. The existing national legal instruments related to ICC can support the implementation of Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia and achieve the objective of ICC to end impunity and to reach global justice. Nevertheless, challenges come from the governments of Southeast Asian states. They are reluctant to bring justice and fear that ICC can violate national sovereignty. Interestingly, the Philippines just withdrew itself as a state party to ICC since 2018. Based on the basic principle of complementarity, the ICC is proposed to strengthening national criminal justice of a state. Therefore, the ICC should not be considered as a threat to national sovereignty of a state.
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Dewi, Chloryne. "ICC and ASEAN: Weakening or Strengthening National Criminal Justice System?" PADJADJARAN Jurnal Ilmu Hukum (Journal of Law) 06, n.º 02 (agosto de 2019): 407–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22304/pjih.v6n2.a10.

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The objective of the establishment of the International Criminal Court by the Rome Statute 1998 is to achieve global justice. The spirit to end impunity established the ICC to respond to four previous criminal tribunals that have been criticized as victor’s justice and selective justice. The ICC has material jurisdiction on the four most serious crimes: crimes against humanity, genocide, war crimes, and crimes of aggression. These crimes can be committed in any part of the world, including Southeast Asia. The latest case was crimes against humanity that lead to genocide of the Rohingya people in Myanmar, not to mention extra judicial killings as a policy of drugs war and towards journalist in the Philippines. However, none of the case has been brought to justice. In view of that, this study examined challenges and opportunities toward the implementation of Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia. Furthermore, it also observed possible impacts in implementing Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia. The existing national legal instruments related to ICC can support the implementation of Rome Statute 1998 in Southeast Asia and achieve the objective of ICC to end impunity and to reach global justice. Nevertheless, challenges come from the governments of Southeast Asian states. They are reluctant to bring justice and fear that ICC can violate national sovereignty. Interestingly, the Philippines just withdrew itself as a state party to ICC since 2018. Based on the basic principle of complementarity, the ICC is proposed to strengthening national criminal justice of a state. Therefore, the ICC should not be considered as a threat to national sovereignty of a state.
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Muthmainnah, Aisyah. "Extrajudicial Killing Dalam Kebijakan War on Drugs di Republic of Philippines: Melanggar Statuta Roma?" Uti Possidetis: Journal of International Law 4, n.º 1 (20 de fevereiro de 2023): 146–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/up.v4i1.20028.

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This article aims to find out and analyze whether extrajudicial killings arising from the war on drug policy in the Philippines can be the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court (ICC). This article uses juridical-normative research with a legislative, historical and conceptual approach. The act of extrajudicial killing due to the war on drug policy in the Philippines violates the provisions in the Rome Statute. The Philippines itself was a State Party of the Rome Statute although in the end the Philippines withdrew from the Rome Statute. However, this cannot change the jurisdiction of the ICC to conduct investigations into extrajudicial killings in the Philippines. Extrajudicial killing is a violation of human rights as stipulated in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and related conventions. The act of extrajudicial killing due to the war on drug policy becomes the jurisdiction of the ICC under Article 7 paragraph 1 of the Rome Statute of 1998, namely crimes against humanity as part of murder. In establishing a crime the ICC uses elements of crimes. Therefore, extrajudicial killings that occur in the Philippines can be the jurisdiction of the ICC.
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McDougall, Gay J. "Addressing State Responsibility for the Crime of Military Sexual Slavery during the Second World War: Further Attempts for Justice for the “Comfort Women”". Korean Journal of International and Comparative Law 1, n.º 2 (2013): 137–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/22134484-12340018.

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Abstract Between 1932 and the end of the Second World War, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial Army forced over 200,000 women into sexual slavery in rape centres throughout Asia. The majority of the victims were from Korea, but many were also taken from China, Indonesia, the Philippines and other Asian countries under Japanese control. There has been no real redress for these injustices: no prosecutions of guilty perpetrators, no acceptance of full legal responsibility by the Government of Japan, and no compensation paid to the surviving victims. The present paper focuses primarily on the issue of state responsibility and the situation of the Korean survivors. The study concludes that Japan has a continuing legal liability for grave violations of human rights and humanitarian law, violations that amount in their totality to crimes against humanity. The study establishes, contrary to Japanese Government arguments, that (a) the crime of slavery accurately describes the system established by the rape centres and that the prohibition against slavery clearly existed as a customary norm under international law at the time of the Second World War; (b) that acts of rape in armed conflict were clearly prohibited by the Regulations annexed to the Hague Convention No. IV of 1907 and by customary norms of international law in force at the time of the Second World War; (c) that the laws of war applied to conduct committed by the Japanese military against nationals of an occupied state, Korea; and (d) that because these are crimes against humanity, no statute of limitations would limit current-day civil or criminal cases concerning the Second World War rape centres. The paper also refutes the argument that any individual claims that these women may have had for compensation were fully satisfied by peace treaties and international agreements between Japan and other Asian States following the end of the Second World War.
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Gallagher, Adrian, Euan Raffle e Zain Maulana. "Failing to fulfil the responsibility to protect: the war on drugs as crimes against humanity in the Philippines". Pacific Review 33, n.º 2 (31 de janeiro de 2019): 247–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09512748.2019.1567575.

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Scholz, Sally J. "Crimes Against Humanity". Journal for Peace and Justice Studies 19, n.º 1 (2009): 97–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/peacejustice200919124.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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Diaz-Barreto, Yolday. "Crimes against humanity in Chile a test of "towards a criminology of crimes against humanity" /". Tallahassee, Fla. : Florida State University, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fsu/lib/digcoll/undergraduate/honors-theses/2181903.

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Dubler, Robert Edward. "Crimes against humanity in international law". Thesis, Faculty of Law, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/5306.

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Carlsvärd, Isabella. "Crimes against Humanity : The Obligation to Prevent". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76524.

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Al, Awadi Abdulrahim Yousif M. S. "Implementing crimes against humanity in the United Arab Emirates". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.439870.

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Fournet, Caroline I. "Crimes against humanity : "the accumulated evil of the whole"". Thesis, University of Leicester, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31081.

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This thesis is a study of international 'core crimes', namely, crimes against humanity, genocide, war crimes, and crimes against peace. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that all these crimes share striking similarities, not only in respect of their qualifying elements, but also as regards the legal regime of individual responsibility attached to them. While focusing on these similar features, this thesis will highlight the defects of the rules applicable to genocide, war crimes and crimes against peace respectively, defects which might ultimately impede effective punishment of these particular crimes. In order to avoid such a risk, it is here submitted that, in fact, all these crimes should be considered as crimes against humanity. Such a re-qualification, it is argued, would indeed have the advantage of securing appropriate prosecution for these most heinous crimes thanks to the wider scope of application of the concept of 'crimes against humanity'. The purpose of this work is certainly not to erase the existence of different international crimes from the legal sphere, as it does not presuppose that the definitions of international crimes are malleable, not that the notion of 'crimes against humanity' is a stretchable one. Rather, it is merely to re-qualify the 'core crimes' against international law as 'crimes against humanity', notion which would then encompass a wider array of offences, all of which overlap considerably. This proposal is based on the assumption that prosecutions for international crimes have remained much too rare, and that, accordingly change and improvement are necessary. The re-qualification of genocide, war crimes, and crimes against peace as crimes against humanity could be a first step towards a better respect of international legal norms.
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Lawson, Cecil Bryant. "Leviathan's Rage: State Sovereignty and Crimes Against Humanity in the Late Twentieth Century". Amherst, Mass. : University of Massachusetts Amherst, 2009. http://scholarworks.umass.edu/open_access_dissertations/13/.

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Ngachi, Sarah Mutseo. "Recruitment and use of juvenile pirates as crimes against humanity". University of the Western Cape, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7086.

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Magister Legum - LLM
Piracy attacks off the coast of the Horn of Africa have been on the rise in the recent years. According to a report by Ocean without Borders, although no vessels were hijacked by pirates off the coast of Somalia in 2017, 8 seafarers who were captured in 2016 were still being held in captivity. So far, 545 seafarers have been subjected to piracy attacks.1 The west coast of Africa has also experienced its fair share of piracy attacks. There has been an increase in piracy attacks off the coast of West Africa, two thirds of these attacks occurred off the coast of Nigeria.2The law governing maritime piracy is founded in the United Nations Convention on the law of the sea (UNCLOS).3Article 101 of the Convention defines piracy as; (a) any illegal acts of violence or detention, or any act of depredation, committed for private ends by the crew or the passengers of a private ship or a private aircraft, and directed: i. on the high seas, against another ship or aircraft, or against persons or property on board such ship or aircraft; ii. against a ship, aircraft, persons or property in a place outside the jurisdiction of any State; (b) any act of voluntary participation in the operation of a ship or of an aircraft with knowledge of facts making it a pirate ship or aircraft; (c) any act of inciting or of intentionally facilitating an act described in subparagraph (a) or (b). In addition to the UNCLOS, the Convention for the Suppression of Unlawful acts of Violence against the Safety of Maritime Navigation (herein after referred to as SUA Convention) also criminalises acts related to maritime piracy but which hinder the safe navigation of ships.4 The determining factor for crimes under the SUA Convention is whether the offence is a threat to the safe navigation or is likely to endanger the safe navigation of ships.5 The SUA Convention, however, differs from the UNCLOS in several aspects. First, the Convention does not require that the offence be committed for private ends. Second, the two ships requirement under Article 101 (a) of the UNCLOS is not applicable in the SUA Convention. The offences created in Article 3 of the SUA Convention imply that they may be committed by a perpetrator who is in the same ship with the victim. The SUA Convention does not provide for application of the principle of universal jurisdiction, a State can only exercise jurisdiction over the crimes if it is a party to it.6 Both the SUA Convention7 and the UNCLOS8 provide that the offence must be committed outside a State’s territorial waters. Article 4 of the SUA Convention however further limits the application of the Convention. The Convention does not apply to instances where the ship was not scheduled to navigate out of the territorial waters of the State. This limitation is not applicable under the UNCLOS.
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Matsiko, Samuel. "The need for a comprehensive international convention on crimes against humanity". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5192.

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Magister Legum - LLM
In the field of international law three core crimes generally make up the jurisdiction of international criminal tribunals: war crimes; genocide; and crimes against humanity. Only two of these crimes (war crimes and genocide) are the subject of a global convention that requires States to prevent and punish such conduct and to cooperate among themselves toward those ends. By contrast, there is no such convention dedicated to preventing and punishing crimes against humanity. An international convention on prevention, punishment and inter-State cooperation with respect to crimes against humanity appears to be a key missing piece in the current framework of international law. The offence of crimes against humanity is a jus cogens and there is an erga omnes for states to prosecute and extradite offenders of crimes against humanity. This can be achieved by having international obligations founded on a specialised convention.
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Byron, Christine Jane. "War crimes and crimes against humanity in the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.400404.

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Montoya, Vivanvo Yván, Vásquez Julio Rodríguez, Nakandakari Pamela Morales e Bertha Prado. "Sterilizations during the Alberto Fujimori’s government: family planning policy or intentional crimes and crimes against humanity?" IUS ET VERITAS, 2014. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122371.

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Given the unresolved status of the cases of victims of forced sterilizations during the government of Alberto Fujimori, this report aims to identify criterias of rationality from criminal doctrine and jurisprudence developed over the years, that will enable judicial officers to get a fair decision, consistent with a Constitutional Democracy, when determining criminal responsibility.Also, with the review of Salomon Lerner and Yvan Montoya, renowned lawyers defenders of human rights and knowledgeable in the subject.
Ante la situación irresuelta de las denuncias de las victimas deesterilizaciones involuntarias durante el gobierno de Alberto Fujimori, el presente informe pretende identificar criterios de racionalidad provenientes de la doctrina y jurisprudencia penal que le permitan a los operadores judiciales obtener una decisión justa y acorde a una Democracia Constitucional, al momento de determinar la responsabilidad penal.Asimismo, se cuenta con los comentarios del Dr. Salomón Lerner y Dr. Yvan Montoya, reconocidos abogados defensores de los derechos humanos y entendidos en el tema.
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Livros sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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V, Silverio Ryan, e Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocates, eds. Human Rights report 2000: A prelude to Estrada's curtain call. Manila: Philippine Alliance of Human Rights Advocate, 2001.

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City, Philippines) National Summit on International Humanitarian Law in the Philippines (2009 Quezon. Humanity amidst conflicts: Proteksyon ng mamamayan, kalayaan ng bayan : proceedings of the National Summit on International Humanitarian Law in the Philippines, 12 August 2009, Quezon City, Philippines : 60th year of the Geneva Conventions. Quezon City, Philippines: Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines, 2010.

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Robertson, Geoffrey. Crimes Against Humanity. London: Penguin Group UK, 2008.

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January, Brendan. Genocide: Modern crimes against humanity. Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, 2007.

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Mark, Lattimer, e Sands Philippe 1960-, eds. Justice for crimes against humanity. Oxford: Hart Pub., 2003.

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Great, Britain Parliament. Crimes against Humanity and War Crimes Bill. London: Stationery Office, 2000.

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), International Commission of Jurists (1952. Crimes against humanity: Pinochet faces justice. Geneva, Switzerland: International Commission of Jurists, 1999.

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May, Larry. Crimes against humanity: A normative account. Cambridge, U.K: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

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Crime Against Humanity (Organization : Dhaka, Bangladesh). National Convention, ed. Crime against humanity: Political persecution. Dhaka: Documentation Sub Committee, "Crime Against Humanity", National Convention, 2002.

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Sadat, Leila Nadya. Forging a convention for crimes against humanity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2011.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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Cowling, Mark. "Crimes Against Humanity". In Norman Geras’s Political Thought from Marxism to Human Rights, 175–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74048-5_12.

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Churchill, Robert Paul. "Crimes Against Humanity". In Encyclopedia of Global Justice, 212–16. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-9160-5_243.

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Atadjanov, Rustam. "Crimes Against Humanity". In International Conflict and Security Law, 1031–72. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-515-7_47.

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Edele, Mark. "Crimes against humanity". In The Routledge History of the Second World War, 625–38. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429455353-50.

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Nollez-Goldbach, Raphaëlle. "Crimes Against Humanity". In International Criminal Law in Context, 91–108. New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315560687-6.

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Altman, Andrew. "Crimes Against Humanity". In The Palgrave Handbook of International Political Theory, 191–208. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-52243-7_10.

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"Crimes Against Humanity". In Encyclopedia of Criminology and Criminal Justice, 769. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5690-2_100135.

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FERENCZ, BENJAMIN B. "CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY". In Digital Communications, 107–9. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-87911-0.50035-0.

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"Crimes Against Humanity". In An Introduction to International Criminal Law and Procedure, 227–58. Cambridge University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108680455.011.

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Murphy, Sean D. "Crimes against humanity". In Report of the International Law Commission, 140–48. UN, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/7f7c5bfe-en.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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Tesliuk, Roman. "CRIMES AGAINST HUMANITY AND WAR CRIMES OF RUSSIA TOWARDS UKRAINE IN 2022–2024: THE DEMOGRAPHIC ASPECT". In Vectors of Science and Technology Development in the Context of Globalisation. Publishing House “Baltija Publishing”, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/978-9934-26-408-5-33.

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Abdalhusein Almtlak, Asmar. "The genocide crimes of ISIS gangs in Iraq 2014-2017". In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/41.

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During the period confined between 2014-2017, the so-called Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant (ISIS) took control of a number of important cities in Iraq, and the organization led a wide campaign of violence and systematic violations of human rights and international law, which amounts to war crimes and crimes against humanity. 0 The Iraqi people were subjected to the largest brutal crime in the history of humanity when these terrorist elements targeted women, children, civilians and minorities, as well as religion and belief, and committed many crimes of genocide against them.
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Sinyaeva, Natella. "Genocide against the inhabitants of the ussr during the great patriotic war during the siege of leningrad". In Development of legal systems of Russia and foreign countries : problems of theory and practice. ru: Publishing Center RIOR, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.29039/02110-1-148-155.

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The article discusses the problems and legal approaches to the adoption of regulatory decisions regarding the recognition of the genocide of the inhabitants of the USSR during the Great Patriotic War by Nazi Germany and its allies. As an example, the problematic situation regarding the recognition of the genocide of the Soviet people during the siege of Leningrad in 1941–1944 is given. It is noted that according to the results of the Nuremberg trials in 1945, due to insufficient evidence, the actions of the fascists were recognized as a war crime, but not a crime against humanity, which is genocide according to international regulations. The situation changed only in 2022, when, after a request from the prosecutor’s office to the court and the provision of additional evidence of the crimes of fascists during the Great Patriotic War in the Leningrad region, a verdict was passed on the recognition of the genocide of Soviet citizens during the siege of Leningrad. This looks important from the perspective of the right assessment of the actions of the invaders and their commission of crimes that do not have a statute of limitations, which may have a further international effect. It is concluded that in the conditions of the falsification of historical facts by a number of Western states, the recognition of the crimes of fascism against the Soviet people as the most serious, directed against humanity, has not only important international significance, but also a deep inner meaning in the situation of the need to develop patriotism, pride and respect for their national history.
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Aziz Sadiq Kasnazany, Taib. "Prosecute and punish the perpetrators of sexual violence against Yazidis as a crime against humanity, even the possible genocide committed by ISIS". In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/61.

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"Abstract On the 3rd of August 2014, ISIS fighters attacked the Sinjar region in northern of Iraq, mostly populated by Yazidis, a religious minority. In almost 3 days, most of the villages in the region were vacated and their residents captured. These events mark the beginning of a campaign of extreme violence that has left men and women apart. Adult men were massacred while girls and women were held for sale as sex slaves. More than 7 years after these events, no prosecution has been brought by International Criminal Court. States are unwilling to try their nationals guilty of crimes of genocide against the Yazidis. This paper aims to analyze the genocide of the Yazidis from the perspective of sexual violence and in particular to determine whether it can be considered to the status of genocide. The origins and legal sources of the genocide are first analyzed. This violence is then examined in the light of certain elements constituting the crime of genocide. Finally, the challenges to be met in the fight against impunity in International Criminal Court are mentioned in the conclusion."
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Özenbaş, Nazmiye. "Protection of the Environment through Criminal Law and Crimes of Pollution". In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c04.00772.

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Environmental problems due to economic growth and development policies in the last century ignorant to humanitarian values has become a risky issue for the future of humanity. Since 70's it become a debatable problem in the international arena and due to the search of solutions for the environmental problems, right to environment has stated as a part of fundamental human rights and protected with law. Recently with the emphasis to the preventive functions of criminal law actions against the right of living in a healthy and balanced environment has started to be described as crime and are becoming subject to penalty in the criminal codes. With this study we will analyze crimes of polluting the environment.
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Silva, Bárbara Thaís Pinheiro, Priscila Carolina Pellens e Isabela de Castro Andrade da Silva. "The arms trade treaty and illicit trade under international humanitarian law". In II INTERNATIONAL SEVEN MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/homeinternationalanais-056.

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Abstract The Arms Trade Treaty was the first legally binding multilateral instrument restricting the transfer of conventional arms, with the aim of reducing violations of human rights and humanitarian principles and the commission of crimes - such as genocide, war crimes and crimes against humanity - caused by irresponsible or illegal arms transfers. Despite the inclusion of humanitarian norms as criteria for the authorization and monitoring of international arms transfers, the lack of signature and/or ratification of half of the ten largest arms exporters restricts the application of the Treaty, which already has its effectiveness compromised due to the lack of objectivity in the export criteria and by illegal arms transfers. Therefore, this work aims to reflect on the content, achievements, weaknesses and omissions of the text, as well as on ways to improve the norms of the Treaty, from the point of view of International Humanitarian Law. The research uses the deductive method, through the technique of bibliographic and documentary research. We conclude that, despite representing an advance in the international regulation of the trade in conventional weapons, it is still not sufficient to deal with the complexity imposed by reality, especially with regard to the detour and dissemination of armaments and the resulting abuses against International Humanitarian Law due to armed conflicts.
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Vlahović, Miloš. "KRIVIČNO DELO GENOCIDA PREMA IZVORIMA MEĐUNARODNOG KRIVIČNOG PRAVA, SA POSEBNIM OSVRTOM NA IZABRANE PRESUDE MEĐUNARODNIH SUDOVA". In Tradicija, krivično i međunarodno krivično pravo. Srpsko udruženje za međunarodno krivično pravo, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/tkmkp24.422v.

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The paper analysis the crime of Genocide since the coining of the word genocide, through the definition of genocide based on the Con- vention on the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (1948) and the Rome Statute. The author points to the loopholes in the Convention itself, as well as the closing of this gap by customary international law. This paper analysis the subjective and objective elements of Genocide, the struggles of proving a Special intent – dolus specialis, defining the term „group“ with special emphasis on the selected customary law. The author discusses the common features and difference of Genocide and Crimes against humanity and an issue of proving of the Special intent (dolus specialis) according to International Court of Justice
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Nabee Mohammed, Aram, Nishtiman Othman Mohammed e Atifa Kabir Ahmad. "" The International Legal Background for the Protection of Children in Armed Conflict ((Yezidies Case)) "". In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/27.

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"Abstract: This research focus on the protection right of children in armed conflict. Some time, children recruited and used in hostilities as a fighter by armed forces or armed groups. For instance, Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) has recruited thousands of children to commit international crimes like genocide, war crime and crime against humanity. In addition, the research explains the abusing and trafficking children for sexual purposes. For example, in Iraq ISIS forces raped Yezidy girls and then used in armed conflict. Furthermore, during armed conflict children face refugee and internal displacement. Moreover, the research analyse the effects of armed conflict on children especially when armed forces attack hospitals and schools and kill them. The research tries to answer the questions, why the children are the purpose? What is the responsibility of children when they participate in hostilities? What is the minimum age of children to participate in hostilities? Is it legal to involve children in armed conflict?"
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Kovacheva, Ralitsa. "Disinformation on COVID‐19 and the war in Ukraine: shared narratives and channels of distribution". In COMMUNICATION AND MEDIA OF THE 21ST CENTURY: EDUCATIONAL AND PROFESSIONAL CHALLENGES. Faculty of Journalism and Mass Communication, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.60060/eira4367.

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The article studies some of the leading disinformation narratives on COVID‐19 and the war in Ukraine (2021-2022) and their dissemination channels. The study proves that the same disinformation narratives have been used to oppose the COVID‐19 restrictions and vaccines and justify Russian aggression in Ukraine. The research focuses on three leading narratives: genocide/crimes against humanity committed, the policy of nazism/fascism conducted by the authorities, and biological weapons used/experiments performed on people. The study finds that the same actors spread disinformation on both issues using mainly, but not only, social media. The main focus of the dissemination study is on Bulgaria and Central and Eastern Europe, but it also includes examples from other EU countries. Although the official Russian state propaganda pushes these narratives, we find local adjustments and specifics due to specific motivations behind using these narratives. The findings are based on the research provided by six organisations: EUvsDisinfo, EU Disinfo Lab, European Digital Media Observatory (EDMO), #CoronaVirusFacts Alliance, SCIENCE + and Factcheck.bg.
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Saeed Ghafoor Ahmad, Kosar, e Amanj nasih qadir omer. "Prosecuting the perpetrators of the Camp Speicher crime according to Iraqi laws or the jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court". In Peacebuilding and Genocide Prevention. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicpgp/45.

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"This work includes talking about the crime of Camp Speicher, in which 1,700 students of the Iraqi army of the Sheea creed were killed by the gangs of the terrorist organization ISIS, with the aim of eliminating the members of this sect because of the misleading ideology carried by those gangs. On 6-12-2014, Iraqi soldiers at Camp Speicher (Speicher Air Base) in Tikrit were subjected to murder and enforced disappearance by terrorist organizations because of their affiliation to the Sheea creed. This crime was among a series of brutal crimes for the genocide of Sheeas in Iraq. This is similar to what happened in the Badoush prison crime in the province of Mosul, which the Iraqi Parliament considered it as a crime of genocide, in which these gangs executed about (400) members of the prison inmates of the Sheea component. After ISIS took control of the city of Tikrit in Iraq, and one day after they took control of the city of Mosul, they captured (2000-2200) soldiers and led them to the presidential palaces in Tikrit, and they shot them there and in other areas and buried some of them alive. This disaster had a negative impact on the families of the victims of the Speicher where they went out in demonstrations demanded that the leaders who handed over the victims of Speicher to ISIS must be prosecuted, and in one of the demonstrations they managed to enter Parliament and demanded that the leaders who handed over Speicher to ISIS be held accountable. After that, many demonstrations took place by the families of the victims, some of which led to the closure of a bridge in Baghdad a few times Protesting the government's delay in clarifying the fate of their children or taking quick measures. The Iraqi parliament and government recently considered the Speicher incident “genocide” in reference to the premeditated murder of Badoush Prison inmates in Nineveh Governorate and the unarmed Speicher military base, the premeditated murder of members of the Albu Nimr, Jabour, al-Lahib, and al-Ubaid tribes, and the killing and displacement of civilians from Kurds, Christians, Yazidis and Shabaks in Sahel Nineveh, Sinjar, deliberate killing and displacement of Turkmens in Tal Afar and Bashir. This decision paves the way for obtaining international recognition from it as a ""genocide"" as stipulated in the Contract of the United Nations in 1948, and Iraq signed it in the fifties of the last century. This study attempts to explain the Al-Ikhnasas Court in looking into the crimes of genocide committed by ISIS against the bereaved students of the Air Force Base (Speicher) due to what this issue raised from the national and international public opinion, especially after the involvement of the Iraqi army leaders in this massacre, according to what witnesses reported in that area and what was reported by soldiers who survived the incident, in addition to the involvement of some members of the Sunni tribes in these crimes with the terrorist organization ISIS. The importance of this study lies in the following aspects: - That ISIS elements were tried according to Anti-Terrorism Law No. 13 of 2005, and from our point of view that the aforementioned law is vague and broader than it should be, and it applies to serious and simple crimes from murder to crimes of sabotage, and the list of crimes punishable by the death penalty according to the aforementioned law is a long list and spacious. - The Iraqi government has embarked on an attempt to develop a legal framework to prosecute ISIS elements, and its mission focused on understanding the procedures and results drawn from those judicial efforts, and its mission also focused on showing the efforts taken by the Iraqi government to address violations in the field of the right to life, including those committed by affiliated forces government as well as other international and domestic actors. The International Criminal Court is specialized in considering specific crimes under Article (5) of its Statute, which are war crimes, aggression and crimes against humanity, which necessitates the adaptation of Speicher's crime within any of the mentioned types of crimes. The assumption of the International Criminal Court in relation to the Speicher crime, includes several positive matters and results at the same time a set of negatives, which must be presented to those positives and negatives in order to give preference between them and the choice of authorizing the court to consider the crime or not. The terrorist organization ISIS has committed serious systematic violations, including war crimes and others, and perhaps those that are not under its control, and that none of these crimes can be addressed within the anti-terrorism law, which cannot address human rights violations. The international community has recognized the heinous violations committed by ISIS against the citizens of Iraq by adopting Resolution (2370) in September of 2017, issued by the Security Council, which authorizes the Security Council to appoint an investigation team to support local efforts to hold ISIS elements accountable by collecting and preserving evidence in Iraq, which can rise to a high level, and it was committed by the elements of the organization. It considers that the decision constitutes a burden and an obligation on Iraq to investigate all allegations of violations committed by government forces for the purpose of holding them accountable, as well as requiring the establishment of special courts and trained judges in relation to ISIS crimes to deal with them. Terrorism is a global curse that has recently spread horizontally to all countries of the world and its effects have been concentrated vertically in some countries, and no one denies that the parties to this phenomenon are increasing (perpetrators and victims) and the United Nations in particular and the international community in general has not succeeded in reducing it despite the fact that the resolutions of the UN Security Council It is increasing, but the proportionality is absent between these decisions and the practical reality. The phenomenon of terrorism is spreading rapidly, and the perpetrators of terrorist acts are on the rise, corresponding to an increase in the victims of terrorism. Also, the circumstances and events that Iraq is going through, especially after 2003, put it at the forefront of countries which suffers from terrorism that has killed the people, using methods and forms that were not previously known and brutal and bloody cruel. ) for the year 2005, and since terrorism was not limited to Iraq, but included many countries, and was not specific to a place or time, nor was it recent in terms of composition. In addition, the aforementioned law cannot be aware of all violations of international and humanitarian law, as we mentioned previously, which requires the necessity of referring the criminals to a competent court. The Court conducts its rule under Article (13) of its Statute when referred to it by a state party to the same system or by the Security Council or when the Public Prosecutor conducts the investigation on his own, and then how does the Court take its measures regarding the aforementioned crime if we take a look Considering that the State of Iraq is not a member of the Statute of the Court. The rule of the court is free from the death penalty, which makes the idea of authorizing the court to consider the crime rejected by most Iraqis, especially the families of the victims. What are the negative aspects of the Iraqi national judiciary’s view of the Speicher crime, and how can it be avoided if the International Criminal Court plays this role? What are the guarantees provided by the court in the event that it proceeds with its procedures regarding this crime? The research on this subject is according to the appropriate method, which is the analytical and comparative method, which works on studying and comparing topics by analyzing ideas and jurisprudential rulings, and the positions of the governments of countries and the United Nations, as well as the resolutions of the Security Council and the General Assembly, and comparing arbitration between Iraqi courts. And the international courts regarding the trial of the perpetrators of the Speicher base crime, and then come up with a set of conclusions and recommendations."
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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Philippine Crimes against humanity"

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Idris, Iffat. Preventing Atrocities in Conflict and Non-conflict Settings. Institute of Development Studies, agosto de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.137.

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Atrocity prevention refers to activities to prevent atrocity crimes against civilians. These include genocide, war crimes, crimes against humanity and ethnic cleansing, and can take place in both conflict and non-conflict settings. This points to the need to prioritise and implement atrocity prevention specifically, and not just as part of conflict prevention efforts. Atrocity prevention interventions are broadly of two types: operational (short-term responses) and structural (addressing underlying causes/drivers). These encompass a wide range of approaches including: acting locally (with local actors taking the lead in prevention activities); tackling hate speech, and promoting an independent and strong media; documenting human rights violations, and prosecuting and punishing those responsible (establishing rule of law). The international community should prioritise atrocity prevention, but work in a united manner, take a comprehensive approach, and give the lead to local actors. Atrocity crimes generally develop in a process over time, and risk factors can be identified; these traits make atrocity prevention possible. This rapid review looks at the concept of atrocity prevention, how it is distinct from conflict prevention, the different approaches taken to atrocity prevention, and the lessons learned from these. The review draws on a mixture of academic and grey literature, in particular reports produced by international development organisations such as the United Nations (UN) and USAID. The literature was largely gender-blind (with the exception of conflict-related sexual violence) and disability-blind.
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