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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Phantom material"

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1

Bauk, Sabar. "Hydrophilic copolymer material characterisation in the mammographic energy region by transmission tomography." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843517/.

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Mammographic techniques used for screening programmes need to be of the highest quality; hence, the need of a good phantom to mimic breast response to radiation. The phantom materials must be sensitive to small changes in the mammography system and provide a means of evaluating the absorbed dose to the breast. These materials have to provide the same attenuation properties as the real tissues being simulated, for the radiation modalities being investigated. Cross-linked hydrophilic copolymers have the potential to be good phantom materials for the breast as their elemental compositions are sim
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2

Aldousari, Hanan. "Study of 2-to-3 photon annihilation using hydrophilic material as hypoxic tumour phantom." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616952.

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The use of three gamma annihilation as a new PET molecular imaging modality which can predict tumour hypoxia was proposed by Kacperski and Spyrou in 2004. The positronium and its annihilation, could then serve as an oxygen-sensitive marker. The relative magnitude of three photon annihilation is increased in an oxygen deficient environment. The main questions addressed in this thesis are the potential use of the lanthanum bromide LaBr3: Ce (5%) scintillator detector for three-photon positron annihilation measurements. Also, the optimum source-to-detector distance that achieves good efficiency a
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3

Waiter, Gordon David. "The NMR proton relaxation effectiveness of paramagnetic metal ions and their potential as MRI contrast agents." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1995. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU077829.

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Paramagnetic lanthanide ions have been investigated as possible MIR phantom materials and contrast agents. The aim of this study is to determine if it is possible to apply the well known Solomon-Bloembergen equations to solutions of paramagnetic lanthanide ions that have fast electron spin relaxation times, compared to Gadolinium, the most widely used ion for NMR. Studies of the relaxivity, frequency and temperature dependence, show that there is a considerable difference in those properties over the series. Chelation of the ions to EDTA and DTPA resulted in a decrease in the relaxivity which
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4

Pakleppa, Markus. "Development of a colonoscopy simulator for the evaluation of colonoscopy devices." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2016. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/33a20ce1-cb9e-4f55-8714-3f6762a16b75.

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Colonoscopy is the current standard for colorectal cancer screening. This procedure requires improvement since it causes patient pain and can even result in injury. Novel colonoscopy devices have to be evaluated to gain information about their performance. At the preclinical stage of the device development the evaluation is typically performed in laboratory experiments. For these experiments an artificial environment is required which can recreate the anatomical and biomechanical features of the colon. A colonoscopy simulator for the evaluation of colonoscopy devices was developed within the E
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5

Gagne, Matthew P. "The design and implementation of a CT and MRI compatible multipurpose phantom: testing the effectiveness of multiple contrast material concentrations for CTA." Thesis, Boston University, 2013. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/12103.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Boston University<br>The purpose of our study was to determine if it is possible to acquire CTA images of small vessels using lower concentrations of iodinated contrast material without substantially diminishing image quality. A custom designed multi-purpose phantom was used to test multiple concentrations of iodinated contrast material using low x-ray tube voltage experimental CTA protocols. A single scan using 120 kVp and Noise Index at a setting of 23 was compared to scans using 100 kVp and 80 kVp tube voltages and Noise Index settings of 23, 21, and 19. Lower tube voltages d
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6

Chan, Kin Wa (Karl), University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and School of Computing and Information Technology. "Lateral electron disequilibrium in radiation therapy." THESIS_CSTE_CIT_Chan_K.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/538.

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The radiation dose in radiation therapy is mainly measured by ion chamber. The ion chamber measurement will not be accurate if there is not enough phantom material surrounding the ion chamber to provide the electron equilibrium condition. The lack of electron equilibrium will cause a reduction of dose. This may introduce problems in treatment planning. Because some planning algorithms cannot predict the reduction, they over estimate the dose in the region. Electron disequilibrium will happen when the radiation field size is too small or the density of irradiated material is too low to provide
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7

Westin, Robin. "Three material decomposition in dual energy CT for brachytherapy using the iterative image reconstruction algorithm DIRA : Performance of the method for an anthropomorphic phantom." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för medicinsk teknik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-91297.

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Brachytherapy is radiation therapy performed by placing a radiation source near or inside a tumor. Difference between the current water-based brachytherapy dose formalism (TG-43) and new model based dose calculation algorithms (MBSCAs) can differ by more than a factor of 10 in the calculated doses. There is a need for voxel-by-voxel cross-section assignment, ideally, both the tissue composition and mass density of every voxel should be known for individual patients. A method for determining tissue composition via three material decomposition (3MD) from dual energy CT scans was developed at Lin
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8

Cabrelli, Luciana Camargo. "Desenvolvimento de materiais mimetizadores de tecidos aplicados a técnicas ópticas e ultrassônicas de imagem." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59135/tde-28102015-135333/.

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Um mimetizador de tecido, mais conhecido como phantom, é um objeto que mimetiza tecidos biológicos e são importantes para caracterização e calibração de equipamentos de imagens médicas como ultrassonografia, e no desenvolvimento de novas modalidades de imagens como a fotoacústica. Este trabalho aborda o desenvolvimento de um gel à base de óleo mineral e polímeros para phantom para aplicações em técnicas acústicas e ópticas. Os polímeros utilizados foram o elastômero tribloco tipo estireno-etileno/butileno-estireno (SEBS) e o polietileno de baixa densidade (PEBD). Foram confeccionados três grup
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9

Hutchinson, Jesson. "Handheld gamma-ray spectrometry for assaying radioactive materials in lungs." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005, 2005. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-11102005-164303/.

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10

Abrahão, Michelle Ferreira da Costa. "Desenvolvimento de blendas reticuladas de gelatina e PVA para uso em phantoms para treinamento em procedimentos médicos guiados por ultrassom." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59138/tde-02012018-165534/.

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Mimetizadores do tecido biológico são objetos capazes de simular as propriedades mecânicas e acústicas do tecido biológico e são comumente chamados de phantoms. São utilizados para avaliar e calibrar equipamentos de ultrassom, auxiliar no desenvolvimento de transdutores, sistemas computacionais ou técnicas de diagnóstico e para treinamento em procedimentos médicos guiados por ultrassom, tais como biópsia de tireóide e mama, anestesia regional, entre outros. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o efeito da reticulação com glutaraldeído sobre as propriedades das blendas gelatina/poli (álcool vi
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11

Plaut, Maxwell Ethan. "Characterizing hydrogel imposed strain fields on brain tissue phantom for use in neural implant device coatings in presence of micromotion." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/89977.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, 2014.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 27-30).<br>Glial scar tissue forms in the brain as a response to the implant injury and hampers the effectiveness of the implant treatment. Constant relative micromotion between the mechanically mismatched neural implant and brain tissue is thought to play a key role glial scar formation. This study investigated the effects of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) hydrogel coatings for glass brain implant device
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12

Rabell, Montiel Adela. "Development of acoustic tissue mimicking materials for preclinical ultrasound imaging applications." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/31342.

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Many applications of ultrasound test phantoms require that the acoustical properties of the phantom should closely match those of soft tissue. Numerous commercial test phantoms of this type are available for use with clinical ultrasound scanners, which use frequencies up to 20 MHz. However, scanners designed for imaging small animals in preclinical studies, typically operate at much higher frequencies. No commercially available test phantoms exist for use at frequencies above 20 MHz. The aim of this work was to develop a tissue-mimicking-material (TMM) that closely matches the acoustic propert
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13

TOMIMASU, SUMIE. "Desenvolvimento de material simulador de tecido humano a partir do latex de borracha natural vulcanizado com radiacao gama." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2000. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/10879.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:45:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:08:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 07006.pdf: 15307556 bytes, checksum: c9788962df8605b765ce5760357ba775 (MD5)<br>Tese (Doutoramento)<br>IPEN/T<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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14

He, Tianlong. "A new approach based on finite element method for numerical computation of effective properties for composite materials : Phantom Domain Finite Element Method." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMC204.

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Pour contourner la difficulté de maillage des méthodes numériques existantes de l’homogénéisation des composites, une méthode originale, nommée la méthode des éléments finis du domaine fantôme (PFEM), est proposée dans cette thèse. Le PFEM s'appuie sur les calculs d'intégrales avec des maillages distincts basés sur un principe de domaine fictif. En d'autres termes, un maillage structuré est utilisé pour l'ensemble du domaine et les autres maillages indépendants sont utilisés pour les inclusions. Les maillages des inclusions seront liés au maillage du domaine via une matrice de substitution. Le
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15

Ferreira, Irisnei Luzia. "Preparação e caracterização de biomateriais poliméricos para avaliação da viabilidade de uso como phantom biológico." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2016. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/17679.

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico<br>Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior<br>Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais<br>Os desenvolvimentos teóricos e experimentais na área de biomateriais têm sido aplicados diretamente a distintos campos da Medicina (odontologia, medicina regenerativa e radioterapia). Esses avanços foram concentrados tanto para diagnosticar doenças como para a quantificação de seus graus de progressão. Na perspectiva desses estudos, biomateriais estão sendo projetados e confeccionados para aplicação em diversa
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16

Loughnane, Gregory Thomas. "A Framework for Uncertainty Quantification in Microstructural Characterization with Application to Additive Manufacturing of Ti-6Al-4V." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1441064431.

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17

VENEZIANI, GLAUCO R. "Desenvolvimento de um objeto simulador "Canis Morphic" utilizando impressora 3D para aplicação em dosimetria na área de radioterapia veterinária." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/27967.

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Submitted by Marco Antonio Oliveira da Silva (maosilva@ipen.br) on 2017-11-08T16:10:07Z No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-08T16:10:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>O aumento na longevidade humana fez surgir uma série de doenças com a idade; em contrapartida o avanço da medicina possibilitou o diagnóstico precoce e o tratamento de várias doenças antes incuráveis. Esse cenário atual estendese também aos animais domésticos (cães e gatos - PETs) que dobraram sua expectativa de vida nas últimas décadas, fato que os humanos demoraram séculos para alcançar. Do mesmo modo
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18

PEREIRA, MARCO A. G. "Avaliacao dos espectros primarios e secundarios da radiacao X em objetos simuladores para energias utilizadas em diagnostico medico." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2004. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/11241.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:49:50Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:02:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Tese (Doutoramento)<br>IPEN/T<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP
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19

Silva, Eliano Soares da. "Simulador radiogr?fico antropom?rfico de mama humana." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/12779.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:07:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ElianoSS_DISSERT_1red.pdf: 5373199 bytes, checksum: ee59048924e698c1f31b1138cc36cf78 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-09-28<br>Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior<br>Mammography is a diagnostic imaging method in which interpretation depends on knowledge of radiological aspects as well as the clinical exam and pathophysiology of breast diseases. In this work a mammography phantom was developed to be used for training in the operation of mammographic x-ray equipment, image quality evaluation, se
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20

VALERIANO, CAIO C. S. "Emprego de simulação computacional para avaliação de objetos simuladores impressos 3D para aplicação em dosimetria clínica." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2017. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/28015.

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Submitted by Pedro Silva Filho (pfsilva@ipen.br) on 2017-11-16T18:08:36Z No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-16T18:08:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>O propósito de um objeto simulador é representar a alteração do campo de radiação provocada pela absorção e espalhamento em um dado tecido ou órgão de interesse. Suas características geométricas e de composição devem estar próximos o máximo possível aos valores associados ao seu análogo natural. Estruturas anatômicas podem ser transformadas em objetos virtuais 3D por técnicas de imageamento médico (p. ex. Tomografia Com
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21

Kokkalis, Efstratios. "Fluid dynamic assessments of spiral flow induced by vascular grafts." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2014. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5b96492f-983f-4baa-8e48-20da6939e65c.

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Peripheral vascular grafts are used for the treatment of peripheral arterial disease and arteriovenous grafts for vascular access in end stage renal disease. The development of neo-intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis in the distal anastomosis remains the main reason for occlusion in that region. The local haemodynamics produced by a graft in the host vessel is believed to significantly affect endothelial function. Single spiral flow is a normal feature in medium and large sized vessels and it is induced by the anatomical structure and physiological function of the cardiovascular system. Grafts
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22

Ho, Anthony Kwok-Wah. "Solid phantom material for radiation therapy electron-beam calibration." 1988. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/18563324.html.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1988.<br>Typescript. Vita. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 84-88).
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23

Chan, Kin Wa (Karl). "Lateral electron disequilibrium in radiation therapy." Thesis, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/538.

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The radiation dose in radiation therapy is mainly measured by ion chamber. The ion chamber measurement will not be accurate if there is not enough phantom material surrounding the ion chamber to provide the electron equilibrium condition. The lack of electron equilibrium will cause a reduction of dose. This may introduce problems in treatment planning. Because some planning algorithms cannot predict the reduction, they over estimate the dose in the region. Electron disequilibrium will happen when the radiation field size is too small or the density of irradiated material is too low to provide
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24

Chung, Yaoh-Sien, and 鍾耀賢. "Study on microwave phantom develop of organic and inorganic materials." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/30513176360343945966.

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碩士<br>國立屏東科技大學<br>材料工程研究所<br>104<br>We use the hiding gelatin, oil, organic-inorganic composite materials etc., to form the biomimetic materials. These biomimetic materials are similar in many different parts of the body of biological tissue. By varying the ratio of oil, it can be selected to mimic the human body in different parts of biological tissue, and can be measured in the microwave frequency range between 500 MHz to 20 GHz to find the trend of characteristics of dielectric constant and conductivity. Effect of dopants on the dielectric characteristics, long-term stability, and conductiv
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25

Creighton, Francis Milton. "Control of magnetomotive actuators for an implanted object in brain and phantom materials /." 1996. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/9708563.

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26

Wu, Chin-Hui, and 吳晉暉. "Dose distribution near the interface of different phantom materials around the brachytherapy souce Iridium-192." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/08584352541684322234.

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碩士<br>國立陽明大學<br>放射醫學科學研究所<br>94<br>Abstract Brachytherapy is a method of treatment in which sealed radioactive sources are used to deliver radiation at a short distance by interstitial, intracavitary. The treatment planning system (TPS) based on the dosimetry around brachytherapy source 192Ir in water. Most of previous studies bases on the dosimetry around brachytherapy source 192Ir in water. The purpose of this study is to analysis the dose distribution near the interface of different phantom materials around brachytherapy source 192Ir. In this study, a Monte Carlo (MC) simulation has been us
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27

Usha, Devi Amma C. "Ultrasound Assisted Optical Elastography For Measurement Of Mechanical Properties Of Soft Tissue Mimicking Phantoms." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2005/394.

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This work describes the development of an optical probe for measuring movement of tissue particles deep inside which are loaded by an ultrasound remote palpation device. The principle of the method is that ultrasound force which can be applied inside the tissue makes the tissue particles vibrate and this vibration phase-modulates the light intercepting the insoniified region which results in a modulated speckle intensity on detection outside the object. This speckle intensity modulation detected through the measured intensity autocorrelation is a measure of the vibration amplitude. Since the v
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28

Castelló, Palacios Sergio. "Wideband Electromagnetic Body Phantoms for the Evaluation of Wireless Communications in the Microwave Spectrum." Doctoral thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10251/132182.

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[ES] La constante evolución de la tecnología y la búsqueda de nuevas aplicaciones que mejoren la vida de las personas ha llevado a la incorporación de estas tecnologías en el organismo. Las redes inalámbricas de área corporal (WBAN) son un buen ejemplo de esto, que consisten en redes de comunicaciones ubicadas en el propio cuerpo, tanto en la superficie como implantadas en su interior mediante el uso de dispositivos inalámbricos. Estas redes utilizan el cuerpo humano como medio de transmisión, por lo que debe evaluarse la influencia del mismo sobre la propagación. Además, las nuevas generacion
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29

Γουζούασης, Ιωάννης. "Θεωρητική ανάλυση και πειραματική μελέτη ενός πρότυπου μικροκυματικού συστήματος για θεραπευτικές εφαρμογές υπερθερμίας". Thesis, 2008. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/940.

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Η υπερθερμία αποτελεί μια επικουρική μέθοδο θεραπείας του καρκίνου και η βιοϊατρική έρευνα τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, με σκοπό την εκμετάλλευση και την ανάδειξη των ιδιοτήτων της μεθόδου, στοχεύει στην εφαρμογή της στην κλινική πράξη. Μία προσπάθεια με παρόμοιο σκοπό γίνεται τα τελευταία χρόνια στο Εργαστήριο Μικροκυμάτων και Οπτικών Ινών (ΕΜΟΙ) της σχολής Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Μηχανικών Υπολογιστών (ΗΜΜΥ) του Εθνικού Μετσόβιου Πολυτεχνείου, όπου έχει σχεδιαστεί και κατασκευαστεί ένα σύστημα υπερθερμίας. Το προτεινόμενο σύστημα ενσωματώθηκε σε ένα τρισδιάστατο σύστημα παθητικής μικροκυματι
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Γουζούασης, Ιωάννης. "Ανάπτυξη μη επεμβατικών συστημάτων υπερθερμίας για θεραπευτικές εφαρμογές εγκεφάλου". Thesis, 2010. http://nemertes.lis.upatras.gr/jspui/handle/10889/3812.

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Η υπερθερμία αποτελεί μια επικουρική μέθοδο θεραπείας του καρκίνου και η βιοϊατρική έρευνα τις τελευταίες δεκαετίες, με σκοπό την εκμετάλλευση και την ανάδειξη των ιδιοτήτων της μεθόδου, στοχεύει στην εφαρμογή της στην κλινική πράξη. Μια προσπάθεια με παρόμοιο σκοπό γίνεται τα τελευταία χρόνια στο Εργαστήριο Μικροκυμάτων και Οπτικών Ινών (ΕΜΟΙ) της σχολής Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Μηχανικών Υπολογιστών (ΗΜΜΥ) του Εθνικού Μετσόβιου Πολυτεχνείου, όπου έχει σχεδιαστεί και κατασκευαστεί ένα μικροκυματικό σύστημα υπερθερμίας. Το προτεινόμενο σύστημα ενσωματώθηκε σε ένα τρισδιάστατο σύστημα παθητικ
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