Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Petits bassins versants"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Petits bassins versants"
Dorioz,, J. M., A. Orand, E. Pilleboue, P. Blanc, M. Colon e J. P. Bosse. "Prélèvement et échantillonnage dans les petits bassins-versants ruraux". Revue des sciences de l'eau 4, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 211–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705097ar.
Texto completo da fonteCAUSSE, J., e O. THOMAS. "Intérêt de la mesure de la qualité des cours d’eau à très haute résolution pour une meilleure gestion des bassins versants". Techniques Sciences Méthodes, n.º 4 (20 de abril de 2020): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.36904/tsm/202004013.
Texto completo da fonteMillet, A., T. Bariac, C. Grimaldi, M. Grimaldi, P. Hubert, H. Molicova e J. Boulegue. "Influence de la déforestation sur le fonctionnement hydrologique de petits bassins versants tropicaux". Revue des sciences de l'eau 11, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2005): 61–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705297ar.
Texto completo da fonteCosandey, C. "Formation des crues «cévenoles» dans des bassins élémentaires du Mont Lozère". Revue des sciences de l'eau 7, n.º 4 (12 de abril de 2005): 377–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705207ar.
Texto completo da fonteDuchemin, Marc, Marius Lachance, Guy Morin e Robert Lagacé. "Approche géomatique pour simuler l'érosion hydrique et le transport des sédiments à l'échelle des petits bassins versants". Water Quality Research Journal 36, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 2001): 435–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.2001.026.
Texto completo da fonteLeduc, Catherine, e André G. Roy. "L’impact du drainage agricole souterrain sur la morphologie des petits cours d’eau dans la région de Cookshire, Québec". Note 44, n.º 2 (18 de dezembro de 2007): 235–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032821ar.
Texto completo da fonteAmbroise, B. "Génèse des débits dans les petits bassins versants ruraux en milieu tempéré: 1 - Processus et facteurs". Revue des sciences de l'eau 11, n.º 4 (12 de abril de 2005): 471–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705317ar.
Texto completo da fonteRibstein, Pierre. "Modèles de crues et petits bassins versants au Sahel". La Houille Blanche, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1992): 85–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/lhb/1992005.
Texto completo da fonteDurand, P., E. Lelong e C. Neal. "Modélisation des effets hydrochimiques à long terme des dépôts acides et des reboisements dans les bassins versants du Mont-Lozère (Sud de la France)". Revue des sciences de l'eau 5, n.º 2 (12 de abril de 2005): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/705130ar.
Texto completo da fonteAbdellaoui, Benyounes, Abdalaziz Merzouk, Yannick Pépin, M’Hamed Aberkan e Jean Albergel. "Simulation du bilan hydro–sédimentaire d’un barrage collinaire en zone marneuse méditerranéenne (Cas du barrage Saboun, Maroc)". Revue des sciences de l'eau 22, n.º 4 (22 de outubro de 2009): 487–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/038327ar.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Petits bassins versants"
Ravoniarimanana, Albertine. "Synthèse des crues des petits bassins versants lorrains". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10491.
Texto completo da fonteRavoniarimanana, Albertine. "Synthèse des crues des petits bassins versants lorrains". Grenoble : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37593862j.
Texto completo da fonteRibstein, Pierre. "Modèles de crues et petits bassins versants au Sahel". Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1990MON20019.
Texto completo da fonteRocha, Nestor Raul. "Débits de crue et analyse hydrologique de petits bassins versants". Thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2014/30696/30696.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteGraff, Benjamin. "Prédétermination des débits de crue des petits bassins versants torrentiels". Montpellier 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON20201.
Texto completo da fonteRasolomanana, Santatriniaina Denise, e Santatriniaina Denise Rasolomanana. "Modélisation des petits bassins versants en milieu rural : problématique des modèles fortement paramétrés". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23660.
Texto completo da fontePour lutter contre la pollution issue du milieu agricole, il importe de bien la connaître et quantifier, mais surtout d’aider les agriculteurs à adopter des techniques de gestion du territoire appropriées et de bonnes pratiques agricoles. L’utilisation d’un modèle permettant de simuler l’impact des pratiques de gestion sur la qualité des eaux des cours d’eau constituerait un outil d’aide à la décision très important, notamment avec la problématique spécifique aux petits bassins versants ruraux. En effet, les petits bassins sont difficiles à modéliser, faisant souvent l’objet de peu, voire d’aucun suivi au niveau des débits et de la qualité de l’eau. Le modèle utilisé dans cette étude, qui commence à être appliqué au Québec, s’appelle Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), un modèle fortement paramétré. Mais la modélisation à l’échelle de bassin versant est entravée par beaucoup d’incertitude comme des processus inconnus du modélisateur, des processus non pris en compte par le modèle et des simplifications de processus par le modèle. Le défi est d’autant plus grand dans le cas d’une évaluation journalière de la performance du modèle: les bonnes performances journalières de SWAT avec peu de données sont rares. Or, dans un petit bassin versant où la réponse aux événements est très rapide, un pas de temps plus petit, notamment journalier, est plus adéquat pour préserver le comportement hydrologique du bassin et la variance des données et observer les effets produits sur la qualité de l’eau. Par ailleurs, la méthode de conversion des données journalières en données mensuelles ou annuelles modifie énormément le caractère des données et par conséquent les résultats d’interprétation malgré l’obtention de bonnes performances. Pour relever ce défi, la présente étude se fixe pour but d’améliorer la performance journalière en modélisation de la qualité de l’eau dans les petits bassins agricoles avec peu de données avec un modèle fortement paramétré. Ainsi, nos objectifs sont articulés autour des deux points suivants : 1) proposer une nouvelle méthodologie de calage, optimisant à la fois les débits (Q) et les charges de Matières En Suspension (MES) et du Phosphore Total (PT), sur de petits bassins versants avec peu de données, afin d’obtenir une meilleure performance journalière et 2) appliquer notre méthodologie à un petit bassin agricole avec peu de données et proposer des scénarios agricoles réalistes. La nouvelle méthodologie de modélisation proposée est issue de l’évaluation des deux approches de calage avec SWAT, uni-objective et multi-objective, ainsi que de la résolution des problèmes tout au long des calages, dont une biomasse mal représentée, une absence d’eau dans les drains, un ruissellement de surface trop élevé, un bilan de masses déséquilibré et une perte de performance des débits. Même si la performance journalière de modélisation des MES et du P total obtenue n’est pas encore optimale, elle a pu être améliorée grâce à notre méthodologie. Les résultats produits sont aussi réalistes que possible et montrent que (i) la performance du modèle dépend non seulement du choix de l’approche de calage, mais essentiellement des paramètres influents; (ii) le calage multi-objectif en considérant tous les paramètres influant sur les variables considérées est la meilleure approche pour modéliser Q, MES et PT; (iii) le changement de poids affectés aux fonctions-objectif n’a pas amélioré la performance du modèle, (iv) avec une optimisation uni-objective, une excellente performance du modèle en qualité de l’eau peut cacher une grande détérioration de la performance des débits et des composantes hydrologiques internes déséquilibrées; (v) malgré un bon pré-ajustement du bilan hydrologique annuel, le bilan de masses à l’intérieur des URH peut être complètement débalancé; (vi) et les ajustements manuels après calage de certains paramètres et la modification de certaines routines dans l’exécutable du modèle ont pu rehausser énormément la performance en qualité de l’eau. Notre nouvelle méthodologie a été appliquée sur le bassin versant Ruisseau du Portage, 21.41 km2, Québec, Canada. Par la suite, de meilleures pratiques agricoles visant l’objectif de réduction du P total dans le site étudié ont été simulées (modalités d’épandage des engrais, travail du sol, conversion de cultures…).
It is important to know and quantify diffuse pollution, and especially to help farmers to adopt best management practices. In order to control river pollution, a model simulating the fate of pollutants and identifying the best management practices can be of a great help, especially for small rural watersheds, which are increasingly polluted but rarely or not monitored. The model in this study, which begins to be used in Quebec, is the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a highly parameterized model. Calibration of models at the watershed scale is challenging because of the possible uncertainties that may exist in the form of process simplification, processes not accounted for by the model, and processes in the watershed that are unknown to the modeller. The challenge is even greater in the case of a daily evaluation of model performance on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. With SWAT, only few case studies have been conducted on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. The time step in water quality modelling is usually monthly or annual and good fits are rarely obtained using a daily time step, given the scarcity of data. However, a daily time step better represents the dynamics of pollutants in the river especially for the fast reacting small watersheds and provides more realistic simulation results. So, to improve daily performance in modelling water quality in small agricultural basins with limited data with a highly parameterized model, our objective is twofold: 1) to propose a methodology to obtain better daily performance in modelling flow (Q), Suspended Solids (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) in small watersheds with little data and 2) to apply the methodology to a case study for a small agricultural catchment with limited data. The proposed modelling methodology is based on the evaluation of the two calibration approaches with SWAT, single-objective and multi-objective, and the resolution of the problems encountered (misrepresented biomass, absence of water in the drains, too high surface runoff, unbalanced internal model components and a loss of performance of predicting flows). Although the daily model performance in terms of suspended solids and total P is still not optimal, it has been improved thanks to the new methodology. The results showed that (i) the model performance depends not only on the choice of calibration approach, but essentially on the selection of influential parameters; (ii) the multi-objective calibration estimating all parameters related to all measured variables at once is the best approach to model Q, TSS and TP; (iii) changing weights does not improve model performance; (iv) with a single-objective optimization, an excellent water quality modelling performance may hide a loss of performance of predicting flows and unbalanced internal model components; and (v) manual adjustments after calibration of some parameters and modifications of some software routines can greatly enhance performance in water quality. After application of the new methodology on the study area, the watershed Ruisseau du Portage, 21.41 km2, Quebec, Canada, best management practices for the purpose of reduction of TP were simulated with SWAT (fertilizer application, tillage, crop conversion).
It is important to know and quantify diffuse pollution, and especially to help farmers to adopt best management practices. In order to control river pollution, a model simulating the fate of pollutants and identifying the best management practices can be of a great help, especially for small rural watersheds, which are increasingly polluted but rarely or not monitored. The model in this study, which begins to be used in Quebec, is the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a highly parameterized model. Calibration of models at the watershed scale is challenging because of the possible uncertainties that may exist in the form of process simplification, processes not accounted for by the model, and processes in the watershed that are unknown to the modeller. The challenge is even greater in the case of a daily evaluation of model performance on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. With SWAT, only few case studies have been conducted on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. The time step in water quality modelling is usually monthly or annual and good fits are rarely obtained using a daily time step, given the scarcity of data. However, a daily time step better represents the dynamics of pollutants in the river especially for the fast reacting small watersheds and provides more realistic simulation results. So, to improve daily performance in modelling water quality in small agricultural basins with limited data with a highly parameterized model, our objective is twofold: 1) to propose a methodology to obtain better daily performance in modelling flow (Q), Suspended Solids (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) in small watersheds with little data and 2) to apply the methodology to a case study for a small agricultural catchment with limited data. The proposed modelling methodology is based on the evaluation of the two calibration approaches with SWAT, single-objective and multi-objective, and the resolution of the problems encountered (misrepresented biomass, absence of water in the drains, too high surface runoff, unbalanced internal model components and a loss of performance of predicting flows). Although the daily model performance in terms of suspended solids and total P is still not optimal, it has been improved thanks to the new methodology. The results showed that (i) the model performance depends not only on the choice of calibration approach, but essentially on the selection of influential parameters; (ii) the multi-objective calibration estimating all parameters related to all measured variables at once is the best approach to model Q, TSS and TP; (iii) changing weights does not improve model performance; (iv) with a single-objective optimization, an excellent water quality modelling performance may hide a loss of performance of predicting flows and unbalanced internal model components; and (v) manual adjustments after calibration of some parameters and modifications of some software routines can greatly enhance performance in water quality. After application of the new methodology on the study area, the watershed Ruisseau du Portage, 21.41 km2, Quebec, Canada, best management practices for the purpose of reduction of TP were simulated with SWAT (fertilizer application, tillage, crop conversion).
PAYRAUDEAU, sylvain. "Modélisation distribuée des flux d'azote sur des petits bassins versants méditerranéens". Phd thesis, ENGREF (AgroParisTech), 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00005633.
Texto completo da fonteLa sensibilité des réponses du modèle événementiel aux valeurs des paramètres est tout d'abord analysée sur un bassin élémentaire. Le modèle POL est ensuite appliqué sur 4 bassins versants d'une cinquantaine de km² situés dans l'Hérault (France).
Les résultats obtenus après la phase de calage et de vérification montrent la capacité du modèle événementiel à reproduire les flux d'azote générés lors des épisodes de crue. Le modèle utilisé en continu fournit une estimation des exportations d'azote avec un degré d'incertitude acceptable pour un premier diagnostic des apports annuels des bassins.
Rasolomanana, Santatriniaina Denise. "Modélisation des petits bassins versants en milieu rural : problématique des modèles fortement paramétrés". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23660.
Texto completo da fonteIt is important to know and quantify diffuse pollution, and especially to help farmers to adopt best management practices. In order to control river pollution, a model simulating the fate of pollutants and identifying the best management practices can be of a great help, especially for small rural watersheds, which are increasingly polluted but rarely or not monitored. The model in this study, which begins to be used in Quebec, is the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT), a highly parameterized model. Calibration of models at the watershed scale is challenging because of the possible uncertainties that may exist in the form of process simplification, processes not accounted for by the model, and processes in the watershed that are unknown to the modeller. The challenge is even greater in the case of a daily evaluation of model performance on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. With SWAT, only few case studies have been conducted on small agricultural watersheds with limited data. The time step in water quality modelling is usually monthly or annual and good fits are rarely obtained using a daily time step, given the scarcity of data. However, a daily time step better represents the dynamics of pollutants in the river especially for the fast reacting small watersheds and provides more realistic simulation results. So, to improve daily performance in modelling water quality in small agricultural basins with limited data with a highly parameterized model, our objective is twofold: 1) to propose a methodology to obtain better daily performance in modelling flow (Q), Suspended Solids (SS) and total phosphorus (TP) in small watersheds with little data and 2) to apply the methodology to a case study for a small agricultural catchment with limited data. The proposed modelling methodology is based on the evaluation of the two calibration approaches with SWAT, single-objective and multi-objective, and the resolution of the problems encountered (misrepresented biomass, absence of water in the drains, too high surface runoff, unbalanced internal model components and a loss of performance of predicting flows). Although the daily model performance in terms of suspended solids and total P is still not optimal, it has been improved thanks to the new methodology. The results showed that (i) the model performance depends not only on the choice of calibration approach, but essentially on the selection of influential parameters; (ii) the multi-objective calibration estimating all parameters related to all measured variables at once is the best approach to model Q, TSS and TP; (iii) changing weights does not improve model performance; (iv) with a single-objective optimization, an excellent water quality modelling performance may hide a loss of performance of predicting flows and unbalanced internal model components; and (v) manual adjustments after calibration of some parameters and modifications of some software routines can greatly enhance performance in water quality. After application of the new methodology on the study area, the watershed Ruisseau du Portage, 21.41 km2, Quebec, Canada, best management practices for the purpose of reduction of TP were simulated with SWAT (fertilizer application, tillage, crop conversion).
Harader, Elizabeth. "L'impact du changement climatique sur les événements hydrologiques extrêmes des petits bassins versants méditerranéens : le cas du bassin versant du Lez". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30010/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe Mediterranean region of southern France experiences extreme autumn rainfall, sometimes leading to violent flash floods. The evolution of these floods under the influence of climate change is a key question for the Mediterranean region, where a rapidly growing population puts human lives at stake. The difference in scale between the resolution of climate model outputs and hydrological impacts is a challenge for the study of flash floods in a future climate. The goal of this doctoral thesis is to propose a methodology adapted to the study of climate change impacts on flash floods in the small Mediterranean catchments of southern France. The Lez catchment near Montpellier was selected for a case study. Early results suggest that the intensity of flash floods may increase in the Lez catchment in a future climate. However these results are heavily dependent on the choice of the climate model used to simulate changes in precipitation and the evolution of future soil conditions, which were not taken into account in this study
Lloret, Emily. "Dynamique du carbone organique dans des petits bassins versants tropicaux : exemple de la Guadeloupe". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA077068.
Texto completo da fonteThe main purposes of this work were to evaluate the carbon export of small mountainous rivers from tropical volcanic island (Guadeloupe, French West Indies), and to estimate the impact of extreme meteorological events on this export, and to identify the sources of organic carbon during the different hydrological stages of the rivers (low water level and floods). We carried out a detail study on stream waters, soils and soil solutions. We have analyzed the concentrations of carbon (DOC, POC, DIC) and the carbon isotopic composition (δ¹³C), as well as the spectroscopic (UV-Vis) characteristics of dissolved organic matter. The results have shown that the specific annual fluxes of DOC, POC and DIC were respectively of 5. 4, 7. 8 and 12. 4 tC km⁻². An⁻¹. The organic carbon fluxes of Guadeloupean rivers are similar to the reported export from large rivers. The export of total organic carbon from Guadeloupean rivers is more important than the export of inorganic carbon, indicating the major implication of organic carbon to the global carbon cycle. The carbon export during extreme meteorological events (instantaneous discharge more than 30 m³ s⁻¹) represents 15%, 20% and 5% of the annual export of DOC, POC an DIC, respectively. The main sources of POC are litter and soil surface layers. The sources of DOC vary with the hydrological stages (low water level and floods). During low water level, the rivers are mainly fed by the groundwater (identified by soil solution collected by lysimeters). During floods, the DOC mainly comes from the quick flow and hypodermic flow of soil surface layers (identified by soil solution obtained by extraction in laboratory)
Livros sobre o assunto "Petits bassins versants"
Ribstein, Pierre. Modèles de crues et petits bassins versants au Sahel. Paris: Editions de l'ORSTOM, 1990.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteFritsch, Jean-Marie. Les effets du défrichement de la forêt amazonienne et de la mise en culture sur l'hydrologie de petits bassins versants: Opération ECEREX en Guyane française. Paris: Editions de l'ORSTOM, 1992.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteWotling, Geoffroy. Etude hydrologique à Tahiti de petits bassins versants: Premiers evaluations des charges solides et organiques des eaux de ruissellement en relation avec l'urbanisation, Campagne 96-97 : etat d'avancement. Papeete, Tahiti]: Direction de l'euipement G.E.G.D.P., Cellule hydrologie : ORSTOM Centre de Tahiti, Laboratoire d'hydrologie, 1998.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteDroux, Jean Philippe. Hydrologie et flux de matières solides particulaires et dissoutes sur petits bassins versants du bassin du fleuve Niger au Mali (bassins du Dounfing, de Djitiko et de Belekoni). 1999.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteFood and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Crues et Apports: Manuel Pour l'Estimation des Crues Decennales et des Apports Annuels Pour les Petits Bassins Versants Non Jauges de l'Afrique ... Food & Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, 1996.
Encontre o texto completo da fonte