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1
Kubarych, Thomas. "Narcissism, personality and personality pathology." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/28380.
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This thesis used the methods of differential, cognitive and theoretical psychology to investigate the relationships between pathology narcissism and maladaptive personality and behaviour in general, and to attempt the beginnings of construct validation of M. Scott Peck's proposed 'evil' subtype of the DSM-IV Narcissistic Personality Disorder in particular. After a review of theoretical and empirical contributions to the psychology of narcissism, two empirical studies were conducted. In the first, joint self-report survey research using 338 subjects investigated the psychometric structure of narcissism, normal and abnormal personality, and constructs theoretically related to narcissism. Item-level exploratory principal components analysis and confirmatory factor analysis resulted in new subscales for the Narcissistic Personality Inventory. Scale-level exploratory principal components analysis of the combined questionnaires found evidence for a five-factor structure of abnormal personality. One of the five factors was related to narcissistic will to power and low agreeableness; another was related to narcissistic self-love and extraversion. Confirmatory factor analysis of a subset of the data found fair fit for the model. The second study investigated the relationships between narcissism, compartmentalisation, splitting, attribution style and response to disconfirming feedback. No evidence was found to support the hypothesis that narcissists have compartmentalised self-concepts. Moderate test-retest and alternative-form reliability data were obtained for the card-sort task used to assess compartmentalisation. No evidence was found that narcissists use splitting to translocate unwanted self-aspects onto others. Narcissistic dominance was associated with claiming personal credit for positive outcomes, while narcissistic vulnerability was associated with self-blame for negative events. Multiple regression with interaction terms indicated that the relationship between narcissism and response to disconfirming feedback is a function of other personality traits such as neuroticism, and may have opposite effects in different personalities and circumstances.
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Krahé, Barbara. "Faking personality profiles on a standard personality inventory." Universität Potsdam, 1989. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3448/.
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A study is reported which investigates the fakeability of personality profiles as measured by a standard personality inventory, the Freiburger Persönlichkeitsinventar (FPI). Unlike previous studies investigating laypersons' ability to fake a global good or bad impression, the present study examined individuals' ability to fake a specific personality profile. Four groups of subjects were instructed to fake their FPI scores so as to present themselves as high vs low scorers on the "social orientation" dimension or high vs low scorers on the "achievement orientation" dimension. The results clearly demonstrate that subjects are successful in manipulating their scores on the critical dimensions according to instruction.
Moreover, they also fake related scales in a way that corroborates the intended image of a person with a high (or low) achievement (or social) orientation. The overall pattern of results reveals that subjects were able to distort their responses in a way that reflects their intuitive understanding of the dimensional structure of the FPI. The implications of the present findings for the use of personality inventories as valid diagnostic instruments are discussed.
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Dirks, Bryan Larry. "Repetition of parasuicide : personality disorder, personality and adversity." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26144.
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This study aims to describe the relationship of personality disorders to the repetition of parasuicide whilst taking cognizance of recent developments in the classification of and assessment for personality disorders. This study also aims to determine whether risk factors described by other authors for further suicidal behavior are characteristic of these patients locally. This study also aims to describe the contribution of newly described personality dimensions to repetition of parasuicide. This study also describes suicidal behavior in the follow-up period of a cohort of parasuicide patients who were seen in the emergency psychiatric service during follow-up. This study also examines the comorbidity between the personality disorders categories defined by the clinical criteria of the Tenth International Classification of Mental and Behavioral Disorders or ICD-10, (World Health organization, 1992). This study compares the co-occurence of these new personality disorder categories with the comorbidity which has been observed in older classification systems (American Psychiatric Association; 1980, 1987) in order to determine whether this new classification system has led to less comorbidity among the personality disorders. This study also examines aspects of the relationship between informant based diagnoses of personality disorder and personality dimensions described by Cloninger et al (1994).
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Pettersson, Erik. "Application of Dimensional Personality Models to Personality Disorders." W&M ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626525.
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Boyd, Sara E. "Personality and Personality Disorder in Adults with Intellectual Disabilities." UKnowledge, 2013. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/30.
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Very little research has examined the role of personality in important life outcomes and support needs of adults with intellectual disabilities. This exploratory study includes a sample of 102 community-dwelling adults with intellectual and developmental disabilities, and begins to evaluate the relative contributions of general personality and personality disorder as it they concern their adaptive functioning, Axis I psychopathology symptoms, and residential and vocational supports.
Observer ratings of personality disorder and Five Factor Model and Reiss Profile general personality functioning were obtained from direct service providers who knew the participants well, and archival file data (e.g., IQ, adaptive functioning scores, medications prescribed, and diagnoses) were collected after informed consent and assent were obtained from the participants. The results suggest that both personality and personality disorder, relate the intensity of supports required, the number of psychiatric medications prescribed, maladaptive behavior, and the amount of Axis I psychopathology exhibited by the participants. Results of the study are discussed with reference to implications for service delivery and planning and future research.
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Shoots-Reinhard, Brittany. "Personality Certainty: Increasing the Predictive Utility of Personality Inventories." The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337350429.
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Bien, Yu-Shiang. "The meaning transfer between country personality and brand personality." [Gainesville, Fla.] : University of Florida, 2009. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/UFE0024619.
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Yankov, Georgi P. "Faking on Personality Tests: The Relationship Between Intelligence and Personality." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1555345423814293.
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Idar, Wallin Malin. "Personality and burnout." Thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Psychology, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-40708.
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<p>Many studies highlights the correlation between personality and burnout but a limitation in previous studies is the lack of longitudinell data, wich is preferable to show strong causal relationships. The purpose of this study is to explore if personality-traits can predict changes in levels of burnout across time. Longitudinal data from nurse students in Sweden participating in the LANE study are used. The personality constructs chosen are personality traits from The Five Factor theory, adjusted into traits specifically applicable in personality and health research. Two dimensions of burnout were used to identify levels of burnout, exhaustion and disengagement. The method used to explore changes in burnout levels, and associations to personalitytraits, is multiple regressionanalysis. The results show that the personality traits Impulsivity, Negative affectivity and Antagonism can predict burnout. The longitudinal data allow us to make stronger predictions than earlier studies made.</p>
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Krahé, Barbara. "Personality and language." Universität Potsdam, 1992. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3407/.
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Content
Introduction
Towards a framework for personality and language
Personality and language
Personal pronouns
Adjectives as disposilional markers
Cognitive properties of trait terms
Everyday language and personality
Speech end personality
Conclusions and directions
References
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Sargent, Ronald L. "What about personality." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN) Access this title online, 2004. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p091-0042.
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Muppala, Madhavi M. "Personality and Posture." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1221753250.
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Mitchell, Lorianne D. "Introduction to Personality." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2012. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8338.
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Book Summary: A unique, non-traditional, Organizational Behavioral-oriented book that is geared toward flexible leadership, and that offers a series of funny, yet thought-provoking, motivating, growth-oriented jokes and humor anecdotes that will help readers tap into their internal locus of control.
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Shaffer, Jonathan Andrew. "Controlling personality tendencies: predicting observer-rated personality from the interaction between general mental ability and self-rated personality." Diss., University of Iowa, 2010. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/737.
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Research has determined that measures of general mental ability (GMA) and personality are valid predictors of a wide range of work outcomes. Two of the most well established findings in the field of organizational psychology are that GMA and two of the Big Five personality traits, conscientiousness and emotional stability, predict overall job performance and training performance across all jobs. Though both GMA and personality are valid predictors of job performance, the validities of personality measures are much weaker than those observed for measures of GMA.
Some argue that personality may play a larger role in predicting work outcomes than currently believed, but that current measures of personality do not capture the construct fully. Several researchers have attempted to increase the validity of personality measures by altering the items in the measures so that they refer specifically to work contexts, and others have examined the validity of observer ratings of personality. This study draws on the theory of cognitive buffering to test the possibility is that GMA itself that causes the impact of personality traits on real life performances to be limited. That is, that people may use their GMA to control the expression of their personality tendencies in their behavior.
The results showed that GMA and personality interacted to predict peer ratings of personality, but not as initially hypothesized. Self-monitoring and personality also interacted to predict peer ratings of personality, but, again, not as hypothesized.
Several possible explanations for the results of this study are discussed, including the notion that that individuals may make efforts to manage only those personality traits that are most relevant in given situations. Moreover, it may be the case that dispositions are less subject to the process of cognitive buffering than are emotions and affect. Limitations of this study and opportunities for future research are also discussed.
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Kovacs, Agnes. "The leisure personality relationships between personality, leisure satisfaction, and life satisfaction /." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3264310.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, School of Health, Physical Education and Recreation, 2007.<br>Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-05, Section: A, page: 2168. Adviser: Ruth V. Russell. "Title from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2008)."
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Butrus, Ninawa. "The relationships between personality traits, dysfunctional schemas and personality disorder features." Phd thesis, Australian Catholic University, 2012. https://acuresearchbank.acu.edu.au/download/cfcbd9baef7fb82248e291131e028a661dc2b23ef137eb5c81c0a940196f34c8/4783816/Butrus_2012_The_relationship_between_personality_traits.pdf.
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The overall aim of this thesis was to explore the relationships between personality traits, dysfunctional schemas and personality disorder (PD) features. Previous research has established that personality traits and dysfunctional schemas are associated with personality disorders (PDs). However, comparatively little research has examined the relationships between personality traits and dysfunctional schemas or explored whether dysfunctional schemas have incremental validity in the prediction of PD features over and above personality traits. Thus, three studies were conducted to understand PD features from an integrated perspective that incorporates some of the key elements from both trait and cognitive-behavioural theories of PDs. Study 1 (N = 313) and Study 2 (N = 269) investigated the relationships between personality traits, dysfunctional schemas and PD features in non-clinical analogue samples through the use of several self-report measures. Correlational analyses in Study 1 and Study 2 revealed that general personality traits from the Five-Factor Model (FFM) and maladaptive personality traits from the Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality (SNAP) model, respectively, were meaningfully correlated with: (a) dysfunctional schemas conceptualised as either early maladaptive schemas (EMSs) or dysfunctional PD beliefs; and (b) theoretically-relevant PD features. Further, correlational analyses in Study 1 revealed a large number of positive zero-order correlations between EMSs, dysfunctional PD beliefs and PD features. (...)
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Purdioux, Lee. "Predicting deception detection ability based on the concept of self-compassionate personality trait, openness personality structure, and agreeableness personality structure." Thesis, Capella University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10002509.
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<p> Abstract Although the poor performance of most professionals who are trained and experienced in deception detection is inexplicable, research has been able to single out some professionals who have developed an exceptional understanding of the kind of knowledge it takes to deceive others. Individual differences in ability to detect deceit have rarely been approached in research designs where ability was broken down into personality traits. This was a non-experimental correlational study, which sought to examine the degree to which elements or facets of personality dimensions self-compassion, agreeableness, and openness could predict the ability to detect deception. A sample of convenience comprised of student participants (N=201) was drawn from a local community college. It used a regression model to examine the maximum likelihood that deception detection ability can be predicted. This was accomplished though specific measurements derived from three paper-and-pencil questionnaires, the deception detection ability scores obtained from the BBC survey, “Spot the Fake Smile,” the self-compassion values obtained from the Neff self-compassion scale (2003), and the agreeableness and openness values obtained from the NEO-PI-R personality inventory (Costa & McCrae, 2010). The self-compassion subscales and the agreeableness and openness subscales were combined totaling 18 predictor variables where 17 of the 18 predictor variables retained the null hypothesis. Although hypothesis testing provided a meager beginning for bridging the gap between personality domains and deception detection ability, practical significance precludes the transferability of the results without further investigation.</p>
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Krahé, Barbara, and Gün R. Semin. "Lay conceptions of personality : eliciting tiers of a scientific conception of personality." Universität Potsdam, 1987. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3382/.
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Two studies are reported which examine the availability of scientific propositions of personality in lay conceptions of personality. It is argued from a social constructivist perspective that models of personality must derive from and refer to lay conceptions of persons. Eysenck's trait-type model of introversion-extroversion, containing specific propositions about phenotypic and genotypic differences between extraverts and introverts, was utilized as the scientific model of personality and its availability in lay conceptions of personality was examined in two studies. In the first study, subjects were presented with a genotypic characterization of either an introvert or an extravert target person and asked to infer corresponding phenotypic differences. In the second study, the inference process was reversed with subjects being asked to infer genotypic characteristics of introverts versus extraverts on the basis of phenotypic target person descriptions of the two types. Results from both studies show a high degree of accuracy in subjects' inferences, suggesting that laypersons have well-formed conceptions about personality containing 'higher-order' psychogenetic propositions corresponding to Eysenck's trait-type model. The implications of the findings for theory construction are discussed.<br>Es wird über zwei Untersuchungen berichtet, in denen die Verfügbarkeit von Wissenschaftlichen Aussagen zur Persönlichkeit in Laienkonzeptionen der Persönlichkeit geprüft wird. Es wird behauptet, daß von einem sozial-konstruktivistischen Standpunkt Modelle der Persönlichkeit aus Laienkonzeptionen über Personen abgeleitet werden und sich darauf beziehen müssen. Eysenck's Eigenschaftsmodell von Intraversión — Extraversion, das spezifische Aussagen über phänotypische und genotypische Unterschiede von Extravertierten und Intravertierten macht, wurde als wissenschaftliches Modell der Persönlichkeit genutzt und seine Verfügbarkeit in Laienkonzeptionen der Persönlichkeit in zwei Untersuchungen geprüft. In der ersten Untersuchung wurde den Vpn eine genotypische Charakterisierung entweder einer extravertierten oder intravertierten Person dargeboten. Sie wurden aufgefordert, entsprechende phänotypische Unterschiede daraus abzuleiten. In der zweiten Untersuchung wurde der Infcrcnzprozcß umgekehrt, indem die Vpn aufgefordert wurden, genolypische Charakteristika von Intravertierten vs. Extravertierten aus phänotypischen Beschreibungen der beiden Typen herzuleiten. Die Ergebnisse beider Untersuchungen zeigten einen hohen Grad an Genauigkeit in den Schlußfolgerungen der Vpn. Dies legt nahe, daß Laienpersonen eine gut ausgearbeitete Konzeption der Persönlichkeit besitzen, die psychogenetische Aussagen höherer Ordnung entsprechend dem Eigenschaftsmodell von Eyscnck einschließt. Die Folgerungen daraus für die Konstruktion von Theorien werden diskutiert.
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Harris, Julie Aitken. "Personality and measured intelligence." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0010/NQ40262.pdf.
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Richardson, Alex. "Dyslexia and schizotypal personality." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386577.
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Ferguson, Eamonn. "Stress, personality and health." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335362.
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Watson, Margaret. "Depression, personality and stroke." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.395075.
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Steffert, Beverley. "Personality and marital compatibility." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295721.
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McGill, Jarrett. "Finding Personality in Animation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/642.
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There is a difference between making something move and bringing something to life in animation. The animation principles work together to bring out character that is only visible with memorable movement. Given how the entertainment space has changed and grown over recent years, it is arguably vital for characters to be unforgettable for franchises to survive. This creative thesis explores how personalities are interpreted in animation by viewers and creators, and a workflow to bring the personalities to the forefront in the piece. Three distinct characters will be animated with the same set of animations to showcase how a personality can shine.
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Ritter, Kathrin. "The narcissistic personality disorder." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17037.
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Die Narzisstische Persönlichkeitsstörung (NPS) wird aufgrund der inkonsistenten Konzeptualisierung stark diskutiert. Ziel der Studie war es, NPS-Patienten zu untersuchen, um mit empirischen Daten die Validität und klinische Relevanz der NPS zu diskutieren. Es wurden zwei epidemiologische Studien durchgeführt. Studie 1 betrachtet die allgemeine psychische Belastung und Komorbidiätsraten, Studie 5 schaut auf die Stabilität und Remissionsrate der Diagnose und der diagnostischen Kriterien. Studie 1 fand eine erhöhte allgemeine psychische Belastung und hohe Komorbiditätsraten für affektive Störungen und Störungen durch Substanzkonsum, Studie 5 fand eine moderate Remissionsrate von 53%. In Studie 2 und 3 wurden selbstbezogene Kognitionen und Emotionen untersucht. Studie 2 erforschte die explizite und implizite Selbstwertschätzung. Es zeigte sich, dass die NPS mit einem niedrigen expliziten aber einem unbeeinträchtigten impliziten Selbstwert einhergeht. Studie 3 betrachtete Schamneigung bei der NPS. NPS-Patienten zeigten eine höhere explizite und implizite Schamneigung. Das indiziert, dass die narzisstische Vulnerabilität (niedriger expliziter Selbstwert, hohe explizite und implizite Schamneigung) bei NPS-Patienten eine Rolle spielt. In Studie 4 wurde die kognitive und emotionale Empathie untersucht. NPS-Patienten zeigten eine niedrigere emotionale Empathie aber eine unbeeinträchtigte kognitive Empathie. Die Ergebnisse passen zur aktuellen Kritik, dass die diagnostischen Kriterien zu eng sind, um die NPS adäquat zu beschreiben. Studien 1–3 geben Hinweise für die narzisstische Vulnerabilität, die nicht in den diagnostischen Kriterien repräsentiert wird, Studie 4 bringt Hinweise für eine ungestörte kognitive Empathie, was konträr zum diagnostischen Kriterium „Empathiemangel“ ist, und Studie 5 stellt die Beschreibung der NPS als stabiles andauerndes Muster in Frage. Implikationen für weitere Forschung und für die klinische Praxis werden diskutiert.<br>Narcissistic personality disorder (NPD) is discussed due to its inconsistent conceptualization. The aim of this study was to investigate a sample of NPD patients to collect empirical evidence and discuss the validity and clinical relevance of NPD. Two epidemiological studies are included in this thesis. Study 1 focused on the general mental stress of NPD patients and assesses comorbidities, Study 5 looks at the stability and remission rate of the diagnosis and its criteria. Study 1 found that NPD is associated with general mental stress and high comorbidity rates for affective disorders and substance use disorders, Study 5 found that NPD demonstrates a moderate remission rate of about 53%. In Study 2 and 3, self-related cognitions and emotions were examined. Study 2 investigated explicit and implicit self-esteem. It was determined that NPD is associated with a lower explicit self-esteem and an unaffected implicit self-esteem. Study 3 focused on shame-proneness in NPD. Patients with NPD showed significantly higher explicit and implicit shame-proneness. These results indicate that the narcissistic vulnerability characterized by low explicit self-esteem and high explicit and implicit shame-proneness is necessary in inpatients with a NPD. In Study 4 cognitive and emotional empathy were examined. NPD patients displayed impairment in emotional empathy while cognitive empathy was unaffected. In summary, the findings are in line with the critique that the diagnostic criteria are too narrow to describe the entire manifestation of the disorder. Study 1-3 presented evidence for the narcissistic vulnerability that is not represented by the current diagnostic criteria, Study 4 provided evidence for an unaffected cognitive empathy that is contrary to the seventh diagnostic criteria “lack of empathy”, and Study 5 calls the stable pattern of long duration into question. Implications for further research and clinical practice are discussed.
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Schnabel, Konrad. "Implicit Personality Self-Concept." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät II, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/15129.
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In meiner Dissertationsschrift unterschied ich zwischen expliziten und impliziten Repräsentationen der eigenen Persönlichkeit und konzeptualisierte diese als Teile des reflektiven bzw. impulsiven Systems (Strack & Deutsch, in press). Am Beispiel der Persönlichkeitseigenschaften Schüchternheit, Ängstlichkeit und Ärgerlichkeit erfasste ich implizite Repräsentationen des Persönlichkeits-Selbstkonzeptes mit Hilfe von Impliziten Assoziations Tests (IATs, Greenwald, McGhee & Schwartz, 1998) und den neuen Impliziten Assoziations Prozeduren (IAPs) als indirekte Messverfahren. Im Gegensatz zu direkten Fragebogen-Verfahren, die das explizite Persönlichkeits-Selbstkonzept erfassen, stellen indirekte Verfahren chronometrische Messverfahren dar, die das direkte Fragen nach Selbsteinschätzungen vermeiden. Die Ergebnisse zeigten vier wichtige Dissoziationen zwischen direkten und indirekten Verfahren bei der Messung des Persönlichkeits-Selbstkonzeptes. Erstens waren indirekte Verfahren robuster gegen Verfälschungsinstruktionen als direkte Verfahren. Zweitens war die konvergente Validität zwischen indirekten Verfahren geringer als zwischen direkten Verfahren. Drittens leisteten indirekte Verfahren einen inkrementellen Beitrag zur Vorhersage von Verhalten. Viertens waren indirekte Verfahren weniger geeignet für das gleichzeitige Erfassen von zwei unterschiedlichen Eigenschaften als direkte Verfahren.<br>In my dissertation thesis I differentiated between explicit and implicit representations of one’s own personality and considered them as elements of reflective and impulsive information processing, respectively (Strack & Deutsch, in press). Using the traits of shyness, anxiousness, and angriness as examples, I assessed implicit representations of the personality self-concept with the Implicit Association Tests (IATs, Greenwald McGhee, & Schwartz, 1998) and the new Implicit Association Procedures (IAPs) as the tools for indirect measures. In contrast to direct questionnaire measures that assess the explicit personality self-concept, indirect measures are chronometric procedures that avoid asking direct self-judgment questions. The results showed four important dissociations between direct and indirect measures in the assessment of the personality self-concept. First, indirect measures were more robust against faking than direct measures. Second, the convergent validity between indirect measures was lower than that between direct measures. Third, indirect measures added incremental validity to the prediction of behavior. Fourth, indirect measures were less apt for the concurrent assessment of two traits within one sample than direct measures.
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Garai, Cintia Judit. "Personality Structure and Polymorphisms of Personality-Related Genes in Wild Bonobos (Pan paniscus)." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/202667.
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Wasylkiw, Louise. "The level of personality measurement and the mediational hypothesis of personality and health." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0027/MQ31269.pdf.
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Grezmak, Tiffany. "Construct Validation of the Cleveland Adaptive Personality Questionnaire using the Personality Assessment Inventory." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1619442899037883.
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Gill, Alastair James. "Personality and language : the projection and perception of personality in computer-mediated communication." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/23019.
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In this thesis we investigate two hypotheses: Firstly, that personality is projected linguistically; Secondly, that personality can be perceived through language. These questions are addressed with particular reference to the traits Extraversion and Neuroticism - which are central to the main models of personality - along with a third trait, Psychoticism. The methodology of the thesis is based around the construction of a personality corpus, which was collected using experimental internet techniques. We use this to test our hypotheses. We test Hypothesis 1 using two main approaches: top-down content analysis based upon the psychological properties of the text, and data-driven empirical techniques from statistical natural language processing to identify characteristic features. Whilst, the former analysis performs inconsistently across the different personality dimensions, the latter technique provides more reliable results with our data. A combination of these techniques gives a more comprehensive description of personality language for these traits. Hypothesis 2 is tested using subjective rating of the salience of author personality in our texts. Here we found that personality can be accurately perceived from asynchronous textual communication, but that accuracy is mediated by the personality trait in question. We also evaluate the role of subjective perception upon personality judgement. In conclusion, we discuss the findings that personality can be projected and perceived through language. We note that there are differences both in how the traits Extraversion, Neuroticism, and Psychoticism are each projected, and in how they are perceived. The perception results can be explained in terms of visibility and evaluativeness; The projection results require a model which can map traits onto different stages of the language production process. We review implications and potential applications which follow from our findings.
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Hartmann, Michael. "PERSONALITY AND ETHICAL DECISION: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF PERSONALITY TRAITS AND MORAL PHILOSOPHY." OpenSIUC, 2011. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/414.
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The main objective of this project is to identify whether personality traits relate to the major moral categories of Deontology and the two subcategories of Teleology, namely Egoism and Utilitarianism. Chronological Age, the three personality traits of Allocentrism, Machiavellianism and Long-Term Orientation, and the moderating variable of Biological Sex were analyzed with multinomial logistic regression to predict a respondent's justification of moral philosophy across three different scenarios. Although none of the variables were significant predictors across all three scenarios, Machiavellianism significantly predicted a respondent's choice in a confidentiality scenario, and the interaction between Allocentrism and Biological Sex were partially significant predictors for a personal income tax evasion scenario, and Chronological Age was a significant predictor for a bribery scenario and a partially significant predictor for the personal income tax evasion scenario. The results suggest that personality traits can act as significant predictors for the justification of moral acts in specific situations, but the significance of predictability depends on difference contexts.
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Jones, Robert Stephen. "Personality disorders and interpersonal traits /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1989. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/8914322.
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Useda, J. David. "The construct validity of the paranoid personality disorder features questionnaire (PPDFQ) : a dimensional assessment of paranoid personality disorder /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3025654.
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Gatt, Justine Megan. "The Personality-Disease Link: An Evaluation of a Predictive Personality Measure, the Mediating Mechanisms of the Personality-Disease Link and a Preventative Intervention." University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/915.
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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck (1988) demonstrated that personality type as measured by the 70-item Grossarth-Maticek Personality Stress Inventory (GMPSI), predicts mortality and its cause with remarkable accuracy. Further, various forms of autonomy training, such as bibliotherapy and short individual treatment that were designed to reduce the toxic personality features (such as emotional dependence) effectively improved long-term health outcomes. However, several aspects of their theory and research were either insufficiently explicated or require further investigation. For example, the researchers did not thoroughly investigate the psychometric properties of the inventory, and they did not sufficiently examine the mechanisms that may mediate the personality-health relationship. Further, the autonomy training was inadequately described, and perhaps could have been briefer and had the same impact. Three studies were run to investigate these issues further. Study 1 (Chapter 2) investigated the internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity of the GMPSI in 312 first-year students, using a variety of statistical techniques (e.g., structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, and simple correlations). In addition, the psychometric properties of this scale were compared to those of three revised versions of the scale, which were theorised to be psychometric improvements of the original version from basic principles. The revised versions contained reverse-worded items (of different types) to monitor and disrupt acquiescence response sets, and/or an extended response scale to improve internal consistency and stability. Psychometric effects of reverse-wording and the extended response scale on scale reliability were examined via the analysis of construct reliability estimates, personality subscale model fit of congeneric measurement models (a form of structural equation modeling), and test-retest reliability estimates. The original version of the scale appeared to be the most reliable and valid scale of the four versions. This improved reliability of the original version was not an artifact of an acquiescence response set, because this form of responding was not prevalent in the reverse-worded versions. In contrast, it appeared that the incorporation of reverse-wording degraded the internal consistency of the scale as participants appeared to respond to the positive and negative-worded items as if they were measurements of independent constructs, rather than measurements of constructs on opposite ends of a particular dimension. Predicted correlations between the GMPSI and concurrent validity measures offered support for Grossarth-Maticek's theory, and suggest that the GMPSI is an effective and reliable tool for the measurement of these personality types. However, experimental evidence supporting the link between personality, mediating mechanisms and disease is required to further substantiate these findings. The second and third studies (Chapters 3 and 4, respectively) were investigations of the utility of an information pamphlet discussing stress, assertiveness and relaxation, in improving GMPSI personality type stress responses in a student and a community sample (Studies 2 and 3 respectively), and provided an opportunity to investigate the mechanisms mediating the personality-health relationship via experimental manipulation. Specifically, Study 2 investigated the effectiveness of the pamphlet in improving personality scores, mood, coping strategies, health behaviours, and salivary cortisol levels (measured at pre-treatment, 1-month post-treatment and 5-months post-treatment) in 200 first-year university students. Further, two modes of administration of the pamphlet were compared: pure selfadministration versus instruction accompanied by self-administration. Group differences in mood and cortisol reactivity to a visualisation stress task were also assessed. Very few significant differences were found between the two pamphlet administration forms. Both pamphlet forms were effective in improving mood states, some lifestyle habits (e.g., exercise), and salivary cortisol responses to the acute stress task compared to the control group. The strength of these effects ranged from small to medium, and all significant differences were between pre-treatment and the 1-month post-treatment session. The failure to observe differences at the 5-months post-treatment session may have been due to inadequacies of the treatment, or low statistical power for detecting effects from the final session due to the large attrition rate that had occurred by this session. Overall, while large treatment effect sizes were not found, the results could be construed as "clinically" significant when taking into account the low costs of implementing an information pamphlet in the larger community, and the potential benefits on individuals' stress responses and health behaviours. Study 3 aimed to investigate the treatment effects of the same self-administered pamphlet in 77 participants from the general community, who varied largely in age (19 - 77 years). Treatment and control groups were compared in terms of treatment compliance, cortisol levels, health behaviours, personality scores, perceived stress, mood, and coping styles (measured at pre-treatment, 2 weeks posttreatment, 3 months post-treatment, and 6 months post-treatment). In addition, group differences in cortisol reactivity to an acute cognitive stress task were examined. Home visits were arranged for each session to reduce sample attrition. Further, an intervention evaluation form was administered at each post-treatment session to verify and maintain treatment involvement. Several significant treatment effects were observed, including changes in personality scores and non-productive coping strategies, and the strength of these effects ranged from medium to very large. Most participants reported that they found the information pamphlet very appealing and helpful. In addition to the examination of intervention effects in the second and third studies, a path model that aimed to identify direct and mediating relationships between personality and concurrently measured disease was examined for the two samples (Chapter 5). This path model was based on a new integrative theory of personality-disease, which was developed. Eysenck's (1991) proposed personality-disease model formed the foundation of this new theory, and elements of several other generic personality-disease models were also incorporated. This theory was empirically tested using path analysis on the student and community data separately. Common pathways in the two models were then tested for invariance. Overall, most paths proposed by the integrative model were identified in one or both samples; thus, the model was generally supported. All common direct paths were statistically invariant (i.e., equivalent) in the two samples. While personality did not appear to directly predict illness, several significant indirect pathways were identified by which personality appears to affect disease incidence, such as via perceived stress, mood, coping styles, and physical risk factors. These findings appear to support Grossarth-Maticek's theory that personality affects disease incidence via stress responses, as well as other generic approaches (i.e., the personality-induced hyperreactivity model and the stress moderator model) that emphasise the stress-moderating effects of personality on health. However, support for the dangerous behaviours model was not found, which posits that certain personality dispositions seek risky behaviours (e.g., poor health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol consumption) that fit their personality. The final Chapter 6 directly compares the results of these three studies, and discusses their practical and theoretical significance in terms of Grossarth-Maticek's theory and research, views of critics, and other personality-health perspectives and research. In summary, the current studies appear to suggest that the GMPSI is a reliable and valid scale for the measurement of particular personality traits. Further, there appears to be evidence to suggest that personality traits can be changed by an intervention pamphlet. This information pamphlet also appears to be effective in significantly improving responses to stress, and these effects are more prominent in high-risk groups (i.e., subjects with extreme personality trait scores). Moreover, there is some evidence to suggest that personality may have direct effects on several mechanisms involved in the development of disease. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the importance of recognising the role of personality and stress in disease prevention and prediction by providing independent evidence for the benefits of treatment and mechanisms by which benefits may occur.
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Lad, Reena. "Staff attitudes to personality disorder : the role of personality, emotion regulation, empathy and compassion." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/16448.
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Personality disorder is common amongst individuals accessing mental health services, with research into its aetiology and impact on services increasing in recent years. This thesis has two parts. The first is a systematic review of the neuropsychological functioning among forensic samples with diagnoses of psychopathy and antisocial personality disorder (ASPD). Five databases were searched for cross-sectional studies exploring cognitive functioning in psychopathy and ASPD. Twelve studies were reviewed and indicated that individuals with psychopathy and ASPD demonstrate deficits in executive functions, attention, and memory, and that there are some differences in neuropsychological performance between the two disorders. The second part is an empirical study exploring factors that may influence mental health staff attitudes towards individuals with personality disorder. The study found that staff personality traits, emotion regulation style, empathy and job satisfaction were related to attitudes to personality disorder. Empathy and job burnout predicted attitudes, with higher scores on empathy and lower levels of burnout being related to positive attitudes to personality disorder. Implications for the findings of the systematic review and empirical study are discussed. Further research is required in both areas.
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Shankar, Rashmi. "Borderline personality disorder and the psychosis spectrum : a personality and divided visual field study." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.301382.
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Huang, Hazel Hsiu-chen. "Self-identity and consumption : a study of consumer personality, brand personality, and brand relationship." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2009. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2125/.
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This thesis investigates the relationship between self-identity and consumption by discussing the conceptual and measurement issues of consumer personality, brand personality, and brand relationship. The investigation is based on the theories of personality, self-identity, and interpersonal relationship. The self-identity theories (Belk 1988; Cooley 1964; James 1890; Mead 1935) suggest that consumers may use brands to construct, maintain, and enhance their self-identities. Drawing from the literature of personality and self-identity, this thesis repositions the concept of personality for the context of consumption and refers it to self-identity (self-perception) rather than behaviour. This repositioning indicates that consumer personality and brand personality can be examined by the same personality concept. On the basis of the self-identity theories, a positive relationship is expected to exist between consumer personality and brand personality. Moreover, the interpersonal relationship theories (Aron et al. 1991; Rodin 1978; Thibaut and Kelley 1959) indicate that the relationship partners become a part of the self-identity in a close relationship. Therefore, it is hypothesised that the closer the brand personality and consumer personality perceived by the consumers (consumer-brand congruence), the better the brand relationship quality. This study applies a quasi-experiment from a field setting to examine the relationship among consumer personality, brand personality, and brand relationship. A 2 (high and low involvement) x 2 (high and low feeling) factorial design is featured to explore the role of involvement and feeling in the relationship of self-identity and consumption. A total number of 468 observations reveals that consumer and brand personality are strongly and positively related. The greater the consumer-brand congruence is, the better the brand relationship. Minimal moderating effects of involvement and feeling to the relationships between consumer personality and brand personality and between consumer-brand congruence and brand relationship quality are observed. These findings suggest that consumers use brands from various product categories in different situations to maintain their self-identities. The study attempts to make contributions on the theoretical, methodological, and managerial levels. Theoretically, it clarifies the concepts of consumer personality and brand personality, and reaffirms the concept of brand relationship. In this way, some measurement issues of self-identity and brand personality are resolved. The findings suggest that brand personality can be used as a tool to investigate global markets and to facilitate market segmentation and communication. Finally, the limitations of the thesis are recognised and directions for future research are offered.
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Pinsker, Donna M. "Personality, affect, and decision-making : testing J.A. Gray's personality theory using signal detection analysis /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2002. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16838.pdf.
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Alanko, Siiri. "Personality in making music : How does your personality affect your practicing process and performing?" Thesis, Kungl. Musikhögskolan, Institutionen för klassisk musik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kmh:diva-3181.
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Summary Personality psychology is one of the most popular ranges of psychology today. There’re many different theories about how personality influences your thinking and behavior. The general thought among psychologists today is that personality is something that arises from within and stays somewhat similar throughout life – although some dimensions of personality can also change and develop. Genetics, environment and personal experiences each have an influence on your personality and its development. For musicians, personality affects for example what kind of colleague you are and how you like to work. It even has an impact on your stage charisma. Even so, perhaps one of the biggest things that tells about a musician’s personality is the reason why they’ve chosen music as a career. This reflection is about the different aspects of your personality and what kind of role they play in your practicing process, and in what way is your performance influenced by your personality, based on psychological research and my experiences with Sibelius Violin Concerto. Since personality also has a big impact on many other aspects in life, it’s definitely one aspect that shapes your performances and your career. Learning about your personality can help you to better understand yourself and your preferred working habits, and you can even learn to use this information for improving yourself as a colleague and a musician. Keywords: Personality, Psychology, Jean Sibelius, Violin Concerto Op. 47
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Hopwood, Christopher James. "Interpersonal process and borderline personality." [College Station, Tex. : Texas A&M University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/ETD-TAMU-3054.
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Woolard, Christopher. "Moderation of Personality Test Validity." TopSCHOLAR®, 1998. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/326.
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Personality testing can be an adequate instrument for prediction of future job performance. However, the predictive ability of these tests has been only moderate at best. This researcher attempted to determine if feedback would help improve the predictive ability of personality tests. The results indicated that feedback did not moderate the relationship between the personality dimensions and job performance for all of the personality construct s except Openness to Experience. This researcher also attempted to replicate the findings of the Barrick and Mount (1993) study which found that autonomy moderated the relationship between Conscientiousness, Extraversion, Agreeableness, and job performance. This researcher found support for Barrick and Mount's findings for Extraversion and Conscientiousness, but not for Agreeableness.
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Auton, Heather. "Paranormal Beliefs and Personality Traits." TopSCHOLAR®, 2001. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/677.
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The current study examined the non-skeptic view of paranormal belief, suggesting that belief in the paranormal does not indicate psychopathology. This study examines the non-pathological personality traits present in paranormal believers by using a broad personality test. One hundred and one participants completed the Paranormal Belief Scale (PBS) and the Personality Research Form (PRF) in order to examine the differences among the personality traits of high and low paranormal believers. High and low paranormal belief was determined by the participants overall score on the Paranormal Belief Scale. The results indicated that there were only two significant personality differences among high and low paranormal believers. High believers scored significantly higher on the PRF scales of Aggression and Defendence. However, there were no differences on any other scales. The current results indicate that high and low believers do not differ on traits considered non-pathological.
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Persson, Björn. "Personality Neuroscience and Dark Values." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för biovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-10480.
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Personality neuroscience offers a new theory of the biological basis of personality traits. It involves the use of neuroscientific methodologies to study individual differences in behavior, motivation, emotion, and cognition. Personality psychology has contributed much in identifying the important dimensions of personality, but relatively little to understanding the biological sources of those dimensions. In recent years, personality psychology has become the foundation for the study of personality disorders, and by extension, neuroscience. First, I provide a theoretical foundation for the neuroscience of normal and abnormal personality traits. Second, I conduct two empirical studies on deviant personality traits captured by the Dark Triad (i.e., Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) and relate them to universal human values. Study I shows that darker personalities endorse values that are self-enhancing, and that justify self-serving behavior. Study II investigates the relationship between the aforementioned constructs and empathy based on the idea that empathy is an important moderating factor of dark traits. In the discussion, suggestions for future studies in neuroscience are presented, as well as some limitations relating to the constructs.
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Mihic, Ljiljana. "Dual cultural affiliation and personality." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ58062.pdf.
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Berk, Laura Ellen. "Personality, depression, and personal standards." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59553.pdf.
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Kaiser, Heather Alicia Ciesielski. "Religious identity development and personality /." Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1208130001&sid=21&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Baker, David. "Mindfulness, self-regulation, and personality." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5926.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.<br>The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on December 19, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Falconer, Helen. "Personality differences and nutrient intake /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1990. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsf182.pdf.
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Francis-Smythe, J. "An exploration of time personality." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.503686.
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Ambe, Honoria. "Online Brand personality in Sweden." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-46556.
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This Paper is centered on online brand personality in the Swedish context. The study is carried out thanks to an existing Model of online brand personality. Precisely the online brand personality dimensions of Park et al., (2005). Parks et al’s. (2005) method was first tested in Korea which was also done in the Korean Language. It is now explored in the Swedish context. A literature review about brand personality in general and particularly online brand personality was conducted which led to the methodology used in the entire paper. A qualitative and cross sectional research design has been used in order to obtain data from customers. This study is thus carried out to explore Park et al. (2005) online brand personality model in the Sweden context. So far, it resulted to new model which involved thirty-one traits and six dimensions.