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Oppenheimer, Fabian. "Impact investing: portfolio company selection in Latin America". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/11814.
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The paper analyses how Impact Investors select their portfolio companies in Latin America and what criteria are assessed in the process. Since virtually no research on this has been conducted to date, and since the selection process model applied in Venture Capital is not dissimilar, that approach has been adopted. The findings reveal that Impact Investors originate and assess deals in a similar way to Venture Capitalists, but that some criteria are adjusted and others added in order to reflect the dual objective of Impact Investing. Impact Investors can originate deals passively, but they prefer searching for social ventures proactively: personal contacts, access to networks and industry events are crucial in this context. Impact Investors considering an investment in Latin America search for integer, honest and reliable social entrepreneurs committed to social impact; eligible social ventures must be profitable with potential for further scalability; the product must have a social impact, i.e. create value for the individual consumer and for the wider community; market size and market growth are crucial external factors; and the deal features depend on the investor’s risk attitude and the prospects of a successful exit in both financial and social terms. Impact Investors are also willing to provide non-financial support prior to an investment, if a social venture shows high potential for achieving their dual objective.
O documento analisa como investidores de impacto selecionar suas companhias de portfólio na América Latina e que critérios são avaliados no processo. Uma vez que praticamente ne-nhuma pesquisa sobre isso foi con conduzidos até à data, e desde que o modelo de processo de seleção aplicados em capital de risco não é dissemelhantes, foi adotado essa abordagem. Os resultados revelam que os investidores de impacto originar e avaliar negócios de uma for-ma semelhante a capitalistas de risco , mas que alguns critérios são ajustados e outros adicio-nados a fim de refletir o duplo objectivo de investimento de impacto. Os investidores de im-pacto podem originar ofertas passivamente, mas eles preferem procurar empreendimentos sociais de forma proativa: contatos pessoais, o acesso a redes e eventos do setor são cruciais neste contexto. Impacto Investidores considerando um investimento em pesquisa para a Amé-rica Latina inteira, empreendedores sociais honestos e confiáveis comprometidos com impacto social; empreendimentos sociais elegíveis devem ser rentáveis com potencial de escalabilidade; o produto deve ter um impacto social, ou seja, criar valor para o consumidor individual e para a comunidade em geral; tamanho do mercado e crescimento do mercado são fatores externos cruciais; e as características de negócio dependem de atitude de risco do investidor e as perspectivas de uma saída bem sucedida, tanto em termos financeiros e sociais. Os investi-dores de impacto também estão dispostos a dar apoio não financeiro antes de um investimen-to, se um empreendimento social, mostra alto potencial para atingir o seu objectivo dual.
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Mendoza, Jose Miguel. "Transitional strategies for institutional reform in Latin America". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0f328cba-8a44-4775-889f-ff12a13b8148.
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This dissertation seeks to improve the current understanding of the ways in which institutional reform can promote the development of stock markets in Latin America. Over the past decade, policymakers sought to stimulate the growth of capital markets in the region through the promotion of a standardized set of formal institutions. An example of this approach in the field of company law was the introduction of modern corporate governance practices into nations without a solid enforcement infrastructure. By most accounts, these efforts did not deliver on their promise of stock market development. This work identifies areas for potential reform. As a means to better understand the operation of Latin American stock markets, this dissertation draws from different sources, including the historical experience of industrialized nations, the available literature on institutional reform, the documented shortcomings of legal reform programmes and hand-collected data from various Latin American countries. The resulting analysis suggests that the promotion of Latin American capital markets may require strategies different to those that were set in motion over the past decade. The main contribution of this work is twofold. First, this dissertation brings some nuance to the discussions concerning the challenges faced by Latin American capital markets. A proper understanding of these challenges is essential for policymakers in the region, particularly after the onset of the Latin American Integrated Market. Second, this dissertation explores the use of ‘transitional strategies’ to overcome some of the challenges identified here. The ultimate goal of this project is to inform future reform efforts in Latin America and to offer some insights for policymakers in other emerging countries.
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Ljung, Anna. "The Multinational Company and Society : A Study of Business Network Relationships in Latin America". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-220447.
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The role of society for the development of multinational companies’ (MNC) business has so far not attracted much scholarly attention in international marketing. Responding to recent calls for further research relating MNCs with society, the aim of this thesis is to enhance the understanding of the MNC relationship with society. Standing on the business network perspective, the theoretical view includes society in the network. Apart from business actors, the view incorporates public actors (such as governments) and civil society actors (such as Non-Governmental Organizations). Thus, contrary to earlier business network studies, the MNC relationships with non-business actors are explicitly handled as part of the business network in this thesis. For the fulfillment of the aim - understanding the MNC relationship with society - the study applies the four relationship elements knowledge, commitment, trust and legitimacy. In further developing the theoretical view, the results from the empirical and theoretical findings in the papers, along with others’ contributions in this field, have inspired the development of interdependence in relationships. Consequently, the main emphasis in the ‘Thesis Summary’ is put on a deeper theoretical discussion of the concept of interdependence. The interdependence framework maps different relationship types with business and non-business actors in business networks. The implications on the management of the different types of relationships are also further developed. The empirical study, which inspired the theoretical development, concerns a qualitative and abductive case study of a Swedish MNC’s relationships with actors from the business, public and civil society sectors in Argentina and Brazil. The study is based on 51 interviews, observations and documentation as its main data sources. It resulted in four papers, which were developed in the areas of crisis, subsidiary strategy, radical innovation and expansion to the rural ‘Base of the Pyramid’, all applying a relational perspective. The thesis has both empirical and theoretical contributions. The major empirical contribution concerns the behavior of MNCs in emerging economies in relation to society. The theoretical development contributes deeper exploration of business relationships and network perspectives in the context of society, adding a novel employment of the same.
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Schleifer, Thomas C. "Indicators of construction business financial risk in the closely held construction company operating in the United States of America". Thesis, Heriot-Watt University, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10399/1380.
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Huang, Yi-lun. "“Yes! We Have No Bananas”: Cultural Imaginings of the Banana in America, 1880-1945". Thesis, University of Oregon, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/1794/24238.
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My dissertation project explores the ways in which the banana exposes Americans’ interconnected imaginings of exotic food, gender, and race. Since the late nineteenth century, The United Fruit Company’s continuous supply of bananas to US retail markets has veiled the fruit’s production history, and the company’s marketing strategies and campaigns have turned the banana into an American staple food. By the time Josephine Baker and Carmen Miranda were using the banana as part of their stage and screen costumes between the 1920s and the 1940s, this imported fruit had come to represent foreignness, tropicality, and exoticism. Building upon foodways studies and affect studies, which trace how foodstuffs travel and embody memory and affect, I show how romantic imaginings of bananas have drawn attention away from the exploitative nature of a fruit trade that benefits from and reinforces the imbalanced power relationship between the US and Central America. In this project, I analyze the meaning interwoven into three forms of cultural production: banana cookbooks published by the United Fruit Company for middle-class American housewives; McKay’s dissent poetry; and the costumes and exotic transnational stage performances of Baker, Miranda, and also the United Fruit mascot, Miss Chiquita.2021-01-11
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Johnson, Stacey. "Taking pictures, making movies and telling time : charting the domestication of a producing and consuming visual culture in North America". Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35900.
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The dissertation examines how image-making, a common pastime, was made common. It investigates the ways in which the production and consumption of images in the context of the North American family contributed to the development of a distinctly domestic and privatized visual culture, and the transformation of the home into a site for privatized spectatorship.Four cultural forms (No. 1 Kodak, Box Brownie, Cine Kodak and Cine Kodak 8) are specified in this development, all pioneered by the Eastman Kodak Company. The dissertation traces Eastman Kodak's direct involvement in the popularization of image practices. It analyzes strategies used by them to make this possible, namely an appeal to the becoming lifestyles of the bourgeois and middle-classes.
The analysis links the popularization of image-making and consuming practices to other popular amusements (i.e. cycling, cinema-going) to work against an artifact-centred analysis. Issues of gender and generation are critically evaluated as concepts used to instill image-making as a popular, family practice. Shifts in modern temporal and spatial experience, as well as mobility are also explored in relation to popular image-making.
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Vergara, Amina Maria Figueroa. "A United Fruit Company e a Guatemala de Miguel Angel Asturias". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8138/tde-30042010-132256/.
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Em fins do século XIX um jovem empresário estadunidense fundou uma empresa exportadora de bananas na República da Costa Rica: a United Fruit Company. Mesmo que o comércio de bananas e outras frutas tropicais tenha representado apenas uma parte dos produtos exportados pelos países da América Central a exportação de café, por exemplo, sempre foi mais significativa , as companhias bananeiras foram eternizadas por diversos romancistas em alguns dos países centro-americanos em que atuaram. Este trabalho pretende mostrar a trilogia bananeira: Viento fuerte (1949), El Papa verde (1954) e Los ojos de los enterrados (1960) do escritor guatemalteco Miguel Angel Asturias, como uma possibilidade de representação da história da United Fruit Company na Guatemala. Utilizando romances como fonte histórica e realizando a articulação entre o discurso literário e o discurso histórico, a intenção é mostrar a interpretação de Asturias sobre a ação desta multinacional em seu país. Problematizando o encontro entre ambos os discursos e fazendo dialogar a informação histórica sobre o ocorrido e o tratamento literário que Asturias dá a esses mesmos fatos em sua trilogia bananeira.In the end of the XIX Century a young American enterpreneur founded in the Republic of Costa Rica a company to export banana: the United Fruit Company. Even though the banana commerce and other tropical fruits had represented only a part of the exported products by the Central America countries the coffee export for instance has always been more significant the companies that traded bananas were eternalized by a great variety of novelists in some Central American countries were they acted. This work aims to show, as a possibility to represent the History of the United Fruit Company in Guatemala, the books that composes the Banana Trilogy: Viento fuerte (1949), El Papa Verde (1954) and Los ojos de los enterrados (1960) from the Guatemaltec writer Miguel Angel Asturias. Using novels as a historic source and accomplishing the joint between the literary and historic speech, the intention is to show the interpretation of Asturias concernig the action of this muitinational company in his country, to open debate between both speeches and to articulate the historic information and the treatment that Asturias gives to this information in his Banana Trilogy books.
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Gennaro, Stephen. "Selling youth: how market research at the J. Walter Thompson company framed what it meant to be a child (and an adult) in 20th Century America". Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=18816.
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Selling Youth: How Market Research at the J. Walter Thompson Company Framed What It Meant to Be a Child (and an Adult) in 20th Century America. This thesis examines the marketing discourse of “perpetual adolescence,” a term, which describes the ways in which the advertising industry trains all people, young and old, to be consumers of “youth” in a marketplace that privileges adolescence over adulthood; with ultimate goal of achieving access to an adult wallet that is controlled by a consumer with child-like sensibilities. The discourse of perpetual adolescence came to prominence after WWII when drastic changes in population and the emergence of a new middle class were influential factors in shifting ideologies surrounding what it meant to be a child, a teenager, and an adult. One of the key institutions in the crystallizing of new ideologies about “youth” was the advertising agency, who through advertisements framed and defined the family unit in postwar America to American consumers. The thesis looks specifically at the interior of one of the largest advertising agencies of the 20th century the J. Walter Thompson Company. Through an examination of their practices in consumer research with behaviourist John B. Watson, the Consumer Panel, the Personality Profile Project, and a series of advertisements produced for The Seven-Up Company between 1942 and 1968, the J. Walter Thompson Company in the post war period aimed to further expand the youth market into the more profitable age category of 25-44 year olds by selling “youthfulness” to adults. Consumers were promised the romanticized sensibilities of youth but were only given the destabilized identity of adolescence. Explicitly, J. Walter Thompson sold images of “youth” to adults who longed to be young again. In doing so they implicitly “took the lid off” of a time that adults were supposed to have already conquered—adolescence—by drawing them back to a destabilized identity thatVendre la jeunesse : comment la recherche de marché au J. Walter Thompson Company a encadré ce qui veut dire être un enfant (et un adulte) en Amérique pendant le 20e siècle. Cette thèse nous permet d'examiner le discours, issu du marketing, que nous désignons par « adolescence perpétuelle ». Nous avons conçu cette expression pour décrire les différentes formules utilisées par l'industrie publicitaire afin d'apprendre aux gens — tant les jeunes comme les personnes âgées — à devenir des consommateurs de « jouvence » dans un marché qui privilégie l'adolescence à l'âge adulte. Le but étant l'accès au portefeuille du consommateur adulte ayant des sensibilités d'enfant. Le discours de « l'adolescence perpétuelle » a toujours été présent dans la publicité, mais est devenu déterminant après la Deuxième Guerre mondiale. Des changements majeurs en ce qui concerne la population ainsi que l'émergence d'une nouvelle classe moyenne influencent de façon décisive les changements idéologiques de l'époque entourant la conception de ce que veut dire être un enfant, un adolescent et un adulte. Une des industries clefs permettant la cristallisation des nouvelles idéologies concernant l'idée de jeunesse a été l'agence publicitaire. Cette dernière à travers la publicité encadre et définit la cellule familiale des consommateurs de l'Amérique d'après-guerre. Notre thèse se concentre plus spécifiquement sur l'une des plus grandes agences publicitaires du vingtième siècle : la J. Walter Thompson Company. À travers l'examen des pratiques concernant la recherche sur le consommateur avec le behavioriste John B. Watson, le Consumer Panel, le Personality Profile Project et une série d'annonces publicitaires produites pour les compagnies Seven Up et Ford entre 1942 et 1968, nous pouvons dire que la J. Walter Thompson Company, en cette période d'après-guerre, cherche à étendre son marché à une catégorie d'âge ayant un pouvoir
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Diamond, Diamond Mariano Anselmo. "Diseño del modelo de negocios para nueva línea de negocios de la Empresa China Latin America Trading Company en el mercado de la minería en Chile". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2015. http://repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/135090.
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Autor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento hasta el 23/6/2020.Magíster en Gestión para la Globalización
China LatinAmerica Trading Company o CLATC, es una empresa con más de cinco años de experiencia como comprador internacional en Asia para empresas de la industria de la construcción y tecnología en Chile. Esta empresa posee experiencia en la búsqueda de soluciones competitivas en precio y calidad, este conocimiento en el mercado ahora lo que quiere aprovechar en la industria minera de Chile. Esta industria posee desafíos en mejorar su competitividad en costos, pero al mismo tiempo posee altas exigencia de calidad de producto y servicios de postventa. Es por esto que CLATC crea una nueva línea de negocios, la cual estará dedicada a la conexión de estas necesidades de la industria minera con las soluciones que entrega el mercado asiático, especialmente el de China y en menor medida Corea del Sur, Japón y Vietnam. Mediante un trabajo de Internship presencial de seis semanas en la empresa, las cuales comprendieron cuatro semanas de visitas a fábricas de China continental y dos semanas de trabajo en la ciudad de Hong Kong, se realizó un modelo de negocios utilizando el modelo Canvas propuesto por Alexander Osterwalder. Para este modelo de negocios se utilizó el conocimiento adquirido durante las visitas a fábricas de China continental y al conocimiento en el funcionamiento de la industria minera, lo que ayudó a moldear un modelo de negocios que involucra la forma de trabajar de los proveedores en Asia y de la mayoría de las empresas de la Industria Minera en Chile. En este modelo de negocios se detallan las categorías de productos que el mercado puede ofrecer a la industria minera y los segmentos de clientes en los que CLATC se enfocará, se detalla cómo mediante dos tipos de servicio de compras de productos (Uno basado en servicios spot y el otro en servicios de agencia internacional de compra con contrato) la empresa ofrece sus propuestas de valor asociadas a la experiencia en el mercado asiático, a las ventajas de contar con oficinas en China, control de calidad en fábricas, entrega oportuna de productos, bajas comisiones de venta y servicios de postventa garantizados. Mediante la creación de lazos de confianza que la empresa quiere adquirir con los proveedores en Asia y nuestros clientes en Chile, se detalla cómo los canales de distribución y comunicación deben trabajar para una exitosa entrega de nuestras propuestas de valor. Además se explica cómo con un sistema de pricing de incentivos a compra de altos montos y a un sistema de costeo basado principalmente en nuestras operaciones comerciales en China y Chile este negocio tiene un alto potencial de exitoso funcionamiento. Por último se detalla cómo las visitas a fábrica fueron útiles para la identificación de potenciales productos a ofrecer, potenciales proveedores a trabajar y para la creación de este modelo de negocios, en la cual la experiencia vivida en terreno hace única esta experiencia y trabajo.
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Williams, David J. (History teacher). "Company A, Nineteenth Texas Infantry: a History of a Small Town Fighting Unit". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699958/.
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I focus on Company A of the Nineteenth Texas Infantry, C.S.A., and its unique status among other Confederate military units. The raising of the company within the narrative of the regiment, its battles and campaigns, and the post-war experience of its men are the primary focal points of the thesis. In the first chapter, a systematic analysis of various aspects of the recruit’s background is given, highlighting the wealth of Company A’s officers and men. The following two chapters focus on the campaigns and battles experienced by the company and the praise bestowed on the men by brigade and divisional staff. The final chapter includes a postwar analysis of the survivors from Company A, concentrating on their locations, professions, and contributions to society, which again illustrate the achievements accomplished by the veterans of this unique Confederate unit. As a company largely drawn from Jefferson, Texas, a growing inland port community, Company A of the Nineteenth Texas Infantry differed from other companies in the regiment, and from most units raised across the Confederacy. Their unusual backgrounds, together with their experiences during and after the war, provide interesting perspectives on persistent questions concerning the motives and achievements of Texas Confederates.
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Gilding, Ben Joseph. "Imperial Crises and British Political Ideology in the Age of the American Revolution, 1763-1773". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31642.
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The Seven Years’ War and the resulting Treaty of Paris of 1763 represent a watershed in British domestic and imperial histories. Not only did the war result in Britain acquiring vast new territories and rights in North America and South Asia, but it also saddled Britain with a national debt of over £140,000,000. The challenge for British politicians in the post-1763 era was not only finding a balance between the need to secure territorial gains while searching for a means to reduce costs and raise revenues to pay down the debt, but rather to do so without infringing on the constitutional rights of colonists and chartered companies. The political ramifications of the Treaty of Paris were equally important. Disputes over the terms of the Peace tore apart the Newcastle-Pitt coalition, resulting in the dissolution of the Whig Broadbottom. With the Duke of Newcastle and his allies in opposition alongside William Pitt, the political situation was thrown into turmoil. Although the confused state of politics in the short-term undoubtedly resulted in an opposition which acted, as Namier suggested, on the basis of self-interest rather than on principles, it can also be said to have provided the matrix within which historians can observe the genesis of new policies of domestic and imperial governance. It was precisely the lack of ideological identification in politics at the accession of George III that allowed British political ideologies in the age of the American Revolution to so quickly develop alongside the formulation and implementation of, as well as in the opposition responses to, the new challenges facing British parliamentarians in the governance of the Empire. This work therefore traces the development of distinct imperial ideologies among British politicians as they emerged in response to the various imperial crises of the 1760s and 1770s. Additionally, it will be shown that the new and unprecedented crises in both American and Indian affairs were brought about primarily as a means of obtaining revenues for the Treasury. The interrelated nature of the imperial problems in the east and the west, as well as the attempts of British politicians to resolve them, will be examined primarily through the policies made surrounding the article of tea.
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Evangelisti, Charles William. "To the Ends of the Earth: A Study of the Explorative Discourse Promoting British Expansionism in Canada". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32235.
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Between 1760 and 1833, English explorers systematically filled in the map of British North America. Many of those explorers worked for two fur-trading companies: the Hudsonâ s Bay Company and the North West Company. In pursuit of new sources of fur, they opened western Canada to European comprehension. Their published accounts of geographic exploration provided the British audience with new geographical information about North America. New geographic information often paved the way for settlement. However, in the case of the Canadian West, increased geographic comprehension did not necessarily lead to settlement. By 1833, the explorers had built a base of knowledge from which the British conceptualized the Canadian wilderness. Over the course of seventy years, the British conception of western Canada remained remarkably consistent. The popular British image of western Canada, persisting into the 1830s, was of a wasteland fit only for the fur trade. The British, who had been expanding around the world for several hundred years, were not yet interested in settlement in western Canada. This thesis seeks to expand upon the link that existed between the fur trade, its employees, and their influence on the British conception of western Canada.Master of Arts
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Santos, Ane Luíse Silva Mecenas. "“Trato da perpétua tormenta”: a conversão nos sertões de dentro e os escritos de Luigi Vincenzo Mamiani della Rovere sobre os Kiriri (1666-1699)". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2017. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/6255.
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UNIT - Universidade Tiradentes
Na segunda metade do século XVII, após a Restauração Portuguesa, intensificou-se o povoamento do sertão da América portuguesa. O processo, definido na documentação como “expansão para os caminhos de dentro”, visava à constituição de aldeamentos e à formação de alianças, com o intuito de garantir segurança no acesso comercial às rotas dos criadores de gado que seguiam da Bahia ao Piauí, bem como a constituição de um grupo de índios que coibisse a formação de quilombos nas impenetráveis rotas do sertão. Mais uma vez, as ordens religiosas foram incumbidas da tarefa de organizar as aldeias, disciplinar as almas e fornecer mão de obra nas entradas para o sertão. Coube aos padres da Companhia de Jesus a tutela dos índios da nação Kiriri, que se encontravam na margem sul do Rio São Francisco. Durante esse período de reordenação dos domínios coloniais e de implantação de novos aldeamentos, foi produzido um significativo corpus documental, que versa sobre a solicitação de índios, traz notícias sobre as aldeias, descrições dos espaços e sobre a necessidade da elaboração de novos instrumentos que auxiliassem a comunicação. Para o atendimento destas solicitações, foram realizados estudos linguísticos, com o propósito de sistematizar e normatizar as línguas locais e, assim, tornar possível a comunicação e a pretendida conversão. Na presente tese, analisamos tanto esta documentação, quanto as duas obras que visaram normatizar a língua Kiriri, o Catecismo da Doutrina Christãa na Lingua Brasilica da Nação Kiriri e a Arte de Grammatica da Lingua Brasilica da naçam Kiriri, escritas pelo padre Ludovico Vicenzo Mamiani Della Rovere e utilizadas nas aldeias de Mirandela, Saco dos Morcegos, Natuba e Geru, na segunda metade do século XVII, com o objetivo de apresentar e de discutir as estratégias de conversão empregadas pelos missionários que atuaram junto aos Kiriri, bem como o processo de tradução cultural que o Catecismo e a Gramática evidenciam.
In the second half of the 17th century, after the Portuguese Restoration, the settlement of the countryside of the Portuguese America was intensified. The process, defined in the documents as “expansion to the inward paths”, had as one of its goals the building of settlements and formation of alliances, in order to assure the safety of the commercial access to the routes of the cattle breeders, which stretched from Bahia to Piauí. A second goal was the formation of a group of natives that could repress the settling of quilombos on the impenetrable routes of the countryside. Once again, the religious orders were entrusted with the tasks of organizing the settlements, disciplining the natives and providing work force to build the roads in the countryside. The tutelage of the Kiriri nation, which was located on the south shore of the São Francisco river, was given to the priests of the Company of Jesus. During this period of reorganization of the colonial domains and beginning of new settlements, an important corpus of documents was produced. These documents tell of natives’ pleas, news about the settlements, description of different spaces and the need of elaborating new instruments that could help the communication. In order to answer these pleas, linguistic studies were performed, with the intent of systemazing and creating normatives of the local languages and, thus, make both communication and the desired conversions possible. On this thesis, we analyze both this documentation, as the two works that tried to create a normative for the Kiriri language, the Catecismo da Doutrina Christãa na Lingua Brasilica da Nação Kiriri and the Arte de Grammatica da Lingua Brasilica da naçam Kiriri. Both were written by the priest Ludovico Vicenzo Mamiani Della Rovere and were used in the Mirandela, Saco dos Morcegos, Natuba and Geru settlements during the second half of the 17th century, with the aim of presenting and discussing the conversion strategies employed by the missionaries who worked with the Kiriri, as well as the process of cultural translation that the Catechism and Grammar show.
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Munoz, Ramirez José Guillermo. "Snabbväxande företags internationalisering i Latinamerika, Spanien och Portugal : En studie av Roxtec AB". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Ekonomiska institutionen, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-68358.
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Bakgrund: Idag är det inte enbart stora och internationellt etablerade företag som verkar globalt. Fler och fler små och medelstora företag internationaliseras och är numera av stor betydelse för tillväxten i många länder. Dessa företag har visat förmåga att etablera sig internationellt, trots att tillgången till framförallt finansiella resurser kan tyckas begränsa deras internationaliseringsprocess. Snabbväxande företag finns inom alla sektorer, men givetvis finns en förhållandevis större andel tillväxtföretag i branscher och sektorer där marknaden och efterfrågan växer snabbt. Roxtec AB är ett snabbväxande industriföretag som vänder sig till industriella köpare inom tre stora sektorer, telekom, marin & offshore och industri. Företagets produkt bygger på en ny idé om tätningar som används där extrem täthet behövs. Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att beskriva etableringsprocessen och förklara de strategiska beslut som ligger bakom, då ett snabbväxande tillverkningsföretag ska etablera sig på en ny marknad. Genomförande: Data till den här uppsatsen samlades in genom intervjuer med fyra personer. De intervjuade var nyckelpersoner inblandade inom internationaliseringsprocessen, framförallt när det gäller strategifrågor och själva etableringsprocessen, speciellt i Latinamerika men även i Spanien och Portugal. Resultat: Det visade sig att ett litet, teknikbaserat företags inställning till internationalisering inte påverkades av dess litenhet och begränsade ekonomiska resurser. Företagets storlek påverkar inte snabbheten i internationaliseringsprocessen. Snabbheten berodde främst på företagets interna resurser i form av humankapital och organisatoriska resurser samt ledningens entreprenörskap. Liten hemmamarknad, starkt nischad och standard produkt samt viljan att etablera sig över hela världen var några av orsakerna till denna typ av företags internationalisering. Ett litet industriföretag kan uppnå en snabb internationaliseringsprocess om ledningen har bred erfarenhet i internationell marknadsföring. Roxtecs ledning hade erfarenhet när det gällde marknader som var psykiskt avlägsna, dessa utvecklades med hjälp av personer som kunde språk, affärskultur, samt hade marknadskännedom och kontakter.I Spanien, Portugal och Latinamerika använde Roxtec flera marknadskanaler samtidigt för att få en större marknadstäckning. Ett litet tillverkningsföretag med begränsade finansiella resurser behöver få lönsamhet så snabbt som möjligt för att kunna finansiera sin internationaliseringsprocess.
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Hodge, Adam R. "Vectors of Colonialism: The Smallpox Epidemic of 1780-82 and Northern Great Plains Indian Life". [Kent, Ohio] : Kent State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=kent1239393701.
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Thesis (M.A.)--Kent State University, 2009.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed March 3, 2010). Advisor: Kevin Adams. Keywords: Great Plains; Native Americans; Indians; smallpox; disease ecology; Northern Plains; epidemic; environment; climate; warfare; Sioux; Shoshone; Mandan; Arikara; Hidatsa; Crow; Cree; Assiniboine; Blackfoot; horse; firearm; Hudson's Bay Company; traders; fur. Includes bibliographical references (p. 196-203).
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Pavlíček, Martin. "Elektronický obchod s USA". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-223383.
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The content of the paper is to model new company in the American state, Nevada and its operation from the Czech Republic over the Internet. In this thesis is included theoretical resources, analytical section discusses the types of companies in the USA, the tax liability of companies related to the USA legislation and the final section proposes solution together with a cost calculation to establish a new company. And also which kind of services are used for doing business in the USA over the Internet.
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Kirchberger, Ulrike. "Konversion zur Moderne die britische Indianermission in der atlantischen Welt des 18. Jahrhunderts /". Wiesbaden : Harrassowitz, 2008. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/244654013.html.
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Kirshner, Eli Martin. "Race, Mines and Picket Lines: The 1925-1928 Western Pennsylvania Bituminous Coal Strike". Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin158825965126023.
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Chabot, Cecil. "Cannibal Wihtiko: Finding Native-Newcomer Common Ground". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/33452.
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Two prominent historians, David Cannadine and Brad Gregory, have recently contended that history is distorted by overemphasis on human difference and division across time and space. This problem has been acute in studies of Native-Newcomer relations, where exaggeration of Native pre-contact stability and post-contact change further emphasized Native-Newcomer difference. Although questioned in economic, social and political spheres, emphasis on cultural difference persists.
To investigate the problem, this study examined the Algonquian wihtiko (windigo), an apparent exemplar of Native-Newcomer difference and division. With a focus on the James Bay Cree, this study first probed the wihtiko phenomenon’s Native origins and meanings. It then examined post-1635 Newcomer encounters with this phenomenon: from the bush to public opinion and law, especially between 1815 and 1914, and in post-1820 academia. Diverse archives, ethnographies, oral traditions, and academic texts were consulted.
The cannibal wihtiko evolved from Algonquian attempts to understand and control rare but extreme mental and moral failures in famine contexts. It attained mythical proportions, but fears of wihtiko possession, transformation and violence remained real enough to provoke pre-emptive killings even of family members. Wihtiko beliefs also influenced Algonquian manifestations and interpretations of generic mental and moral failures. Consciously or not, others used it to scapegoat, manipulate, or kill.
Newcomers threatened by moral and mental failures attributed to the wihtiko often took Algonquian beliefs and practices seriously, even espousing them. Yet Algonquian wihtiko behaviours, beliefs and practices sometimes presented Newcomers with another layer of questions about mental and moral incompetence. Collisions arose when they discounted, misconstrued or asserted control over Algonquian beliefs and practices. For post-colonial critics, this has raised a third layer of questions about intellectual and moral incompetence. Yet some critics have also misconstrued earlier attempts to understand and control the wihtiko, or attributed an apparent lack of scholarly consensus to Western cultural incompetence or inability to grasp the wihtiko.
In contrast, this study of wihtiko phenomena reveals deeper commonalities and continuities. They are obscured by the complex evolution of Natives’ and Newcomers’ struggles to understand and control the wihtiko. Yet hidden in these very struggles and the wihtiko itself is a persistent shared conviction that reducing others to objects of power signals mental and moral failure. The wihtiko reveals cultural differences, changes and divisions, but exemplifies more fundamental commonalities and continuities.
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Wang, Shun-Chien, e 王順堅. "The Study on Business Strategy of H Machine Tool Company of America". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06782461315864466873.
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碩士東海大學
管理碩士在職專班
98
In the future, the economic development will be focused on both the internal demand in emerging countries representative by Mainland China and the demand driven by the technology innovation from America after Global Fiancial Tsunami. Mainland China is going to develop 3G, high speed train and wind power generation markets instensively. However, Apple company, American, announced iPhone and iPad considered to be kind of innovation. And then Hurco company, Ameriacan, shall focus on the development of the products based on these two topic with great demand in the future. We found that Hurco should take the following strategies after comparing with other competitors: 1. Enhance the accuracy and speed of the machine to meet the requirement for precision die and mold industry in the future. 2. Achieve the goal of reducing production cost and enhancing quality control by the vertical integration for key components. 3. Create another brand to be in charge of the markets for price-sensitive customers and emerging market customers. 4. Offer discount policy for old machine renewal, and sell the old machines to price-sensitive customers after rework. 5. Become product differentiation by the Combination of technology and measurement. 6. Look for partners for strategic alliance, hopefully to fill the gap of the product line shortly. 7. Extend the warranty term of machines for those high level customers to get their belief in machine quality.
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Wang, Kuan Chung, e 王冠中. "A Study of Executive Compensation-Start from Compensation Committee of America Company". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61304736030658415045.
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Tsai, Shih-Hsiung, e 蔡世雄. "PCL Lighting Company North America Market Analysis and Development Strategy Proposition Conclusion". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nn84q6.
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林錦河. "An examination of channel strategies in North America –the case of a Taiwanese PC enclosure company". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/56052404878184299374.
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碩士國立政治大學
經營管理碩士學程(EMBA)
99
Small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), in contrast to large multinational corporations, often lack the financial resources, exposure, and expertise in product distribution channel management. When entering a foreign market, SMEs often have to rely heavily on channel partners. Consequently, selecting the appropriate channel partners is one of the key success factors in channel management. This study examined a medium-sized Taiwanese PC enclosure company as it sought to expand in the North American market. To this end, the company adopted an integrity-based channel management strategy and strived to become a channel champion. The internal decision-making processes for channel partner selection were outlined and the influences of the company objectives on its channel design were analyzed. Furthermore, considerations on the length, width, and density – three important factors to an efficient channel strategy – were introduced. Lastly, methods to support channel partners in the form of product training, marketing and promotional support, incentive programs, and an appropriate performance appraisal system were discussed. To maximize channel efficiency and reduce potential conflicts between channel partners, the company employed a tiered channel strategy. Extending the geographic coverage and penetrating key select markets was achieved by carefully selecting channel partners after weighing in the quality of their downstream distribution channels and their sales volume. Revenue growth in select markets was achieved by leveraging the strengths of a few competent channel partners. These channel partners have subsequently recognized the benefits of the integrity-based channel management strategy and are more committed to fulfilling their roles within the overall auspices of the channel distribution system. Recommendations to the company based on the research findings are the following: 1.The management should be involved and be committed to the implementation of the integrity-based channel management strategy. 2.In the face of constant changes in the business environment, channel strategy should be reviewed and revised anytime. 3.Internal training to senior management to raise their capability of channel stewardship. 4.Establish a mechanism to resolve potential conflicts between Taiwanese OEM/ODM sales team and channel partners in North America.
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WU, CHUNG-SHIUAN, e 吳宗瑄. "The Marketing Strategy of Aftermarket in North America of Voltage Regulator – A Case Study of A Company". Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/45067899486806615144.
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碩士嶺東科技大學
國際企業研究所
96
Most of transnational automakers have supply systems of automotive accessories in their own internal bloc. However, it is very difficult to complete in every line for tens of thousands of various components. In addition, with global saturation of new vehicles, and with the posture of major automakers competing against each other, both new auto sales number and profits are difficult to increase. Vehicle post-sales market potently brings about another competing territory. Hence, by seizing the development of diversification for replacements of various vehicle regulators, with undistinguishable OEM quality supply at low costs, a marketing strategy of entering North American auto regulators post-sales market can be achieved. The research purpose of this thesis is to analyze the current marketing status, the industry sales attribute, and the marketing strategy model for vehicle regulators in North American automotive accessories industry and post-sales markets. In order to achieve the fore-mentioned objectives, this research derived its conclusions and proposed the following findings through conferrals of literatures, case studies, and professional interviews. 1. To explore critical technologies so that the international market can be entered . 2. The automotive supply chain is competed globally with the best inventory management and gradual reducing administrative cost. 3. The epoch of high interest has passed that requires the establishment of mutual benefits.
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Peng, Chi-Yu, e 彭棋鈺. "Target Country Selection and Channel Strategies in Latin America—The Case of a Taiwanese Medical Devices Company". Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8nuj4y.
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碩士國立政治大學
企業管理研究所(MBA學位學程)
106
Numerous Taiwanese companies pursue expansion to the international market mainly to achieve higher sales revenue, and emerging markets such as Latin America present great business attractiveness. In this research, a case study with the Taiwanese medical devices company ACS Medical Corporation is being presented to explain the process of evaluation and analysis when selecting the target country and the corresponding channel strategies. Secondary data analysis shows that Argentina is the most recommended target country for first entry in Latin America, with strong market potentials for medical devices, in this case, CPAP. It is recommended that ACS should adopt a direct exporting entry mode to Argentina, in collaboration with some local importers of the leading CPAP brand Philips Respironics. Additionally, the retailers that are suggested by sleep centers and doctors must definitely be approached. Furthermore, it is learnt that the presence of a showroom of products and device rental programs are important influencing factors in the consumer purchasing decision of a CPAP. The process of data gathering, evaluation and analysis in this research may also be a reference for those companies with similar interests in expanding business to the Latin American market.
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Quark, Amy A. "From global cities to the lands' end the relocation of corporate headquarters and the new company towns of rural America /". 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/60688209.html.
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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 2005.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (p. 171-177)
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Woo, Robert Ken. "Walter P. Reuther and the United Auto Workers' decision to intervene in the Power Reactor Development Company controversy, 1956-1961". 1989. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/21941513.html.
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Fišer, František. "Ruská Amerika na přelomu 18. a 19. století". Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-415052.
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The presented work focuses on the history of Russian America, the only Russian overseas colony located in the territory of today's American state of Alaska, specifically it is concerned with the middle period of its existence, i.e. between the years 1784 and 1818. After a brief introduction of the beginnings of Russian presence in the North Pacific, the thesis deals with its main topics. The first one is the organization of voyages to the islands and the mainland of Russian America. Commercial hunting companies are introduced in this context as a subject representing eastern Russian expansion and the characteristics of hunting expeditions are analysed in detail. The second, key part of the thesis is the analysis of the Russian colonization of Alaska in terms of the relations between Russians and the indigenous people, the creation of base structures and the competitive struggles of Russian traders. Comparison with colonization practices of other colonizing states in this area - Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America - is also included. This chapter is followed by the analysis of the administration of Russian America and its development since the times of hunting-and-trading companies, to the activities of the Russian-American company, a semi-governmental organization with the...
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Kubátová, Eva. "Španělsko-nizozemské vztahy v Novém světě v době existence West-Indische Compagnie". Doctoral thesis, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-351288.
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Spanish-Dutch Relations in the New World during the Existence of the West Indische Compagnie Eva Kubátová Abstract This dissertation is dedicated to the Spanish-Dutch relations in the New World during the existence of the first Dutch West India Company (1621-1674). On base of an imagological analysis, this thesis presents elements of mutual relations, reflected in hetero-images, together with self-representation of both analyzed parties (thus self-image) within the ongoing conflict of the Eighty Years' War. The imagological analysis is applied on archival material, chiefly the Dutch pamphlets and Spanish Relaciones de sucesos (which can be translated as "Treatises of Successes"). The result of this thesis is then an analysis of development and changes of mutual images, upon the historical events of the Spanish-Dutch war conflict: thus since the beginnings of the Dutch Revolt, passing through the Twelve Years' Truce, until the signature of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648. A special emphasis is put to the final phase of the Eighty Years' War, in this thesis delimited by the years 1621-1648, which was marked by the official entrance of the West India Company into the Spanish waters of Greater Caribbean. An important watershed in mutual relations is afterwards represented by the Peace of Westphalia, which...
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Howe, Elijah Cody. "Philanthropic Colonialism: New England Philanthropy in Bleeding Kansas, 1854-1860". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/2727.
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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)In 1854 the United States Congress passed the Kansas-Nebraska bill which left the question of slavery in the territory up to a vote of popular sovereignty. Upon the passage of the bill, New England’s most elite class of citizens, led by Eli Thayer, mobilized their networks of philanthropy in New England to ensure the Kansas-Nebraska territory did not embrace slavery. The effort by the New England elite to make the territories free was intertwined in a larger web of philanthropic motivations aimed to steer the future of America on a path that would replicate New England society throughout the country. The process and goal of their philanthropy in the Kansas-Nebraska Territory was not dissimilar from their philanthropy in New England. Moral classification of those in material poverty mixed with a dose of paternalism and free labor capitalism was the antidote to the disease of moral degradation and poverty. When Missourians resisted the encroachment of New Englanders on the frontier, the New England elites shifted their philanthropy from moral reform to the funding and facilitation of violence under the guise of philanthropy and disaster relief. For six years, until the outbreak of the American Civil War, New England philanthropists facilitated and helped fund the conflict known as Bleeding Kansas.