Livros: "Particle sensor"

1

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64436-3.

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2

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-59720-6.

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3

Goddard Space Flight Center. Engineering Procurement Office., ed. [Measuring electrically charged particle fluxes in space using a fiber optic loop sensor]: Final report. Greenbelt, MD: NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Engineering Procurement Office, 1993.

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4

A, Lindemulder Elizabeth, Jovaag Kari e United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Temperature-dependent daily variability of precipitable water in special sensor microwave/imager observations. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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5

A, Lindemulder Elizabeth, Jovaag Kari e United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Temperature-dependent daily variability of precipitable water in special sensor microwave/imager observations. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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6

1922-, Soo S. L., ed. Instrumentation for fluid-particle flow. Norwich, N.Y: Noyes Publications, 1999.

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7

(Firm), Knovel, ed. Instrumentation for fluid-particle flow. Park Ridge, N.J: Noyes Publications, 1999.

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8

Inc, ebrary, ed. Nanomedicine design of particles, sensors, motors, implants, robots, and devices. Boston, Mass: Artech House, 2009.

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9

Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b106762.

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10

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Springer, 2010.

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11

Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Springer Nature, 2017.

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12

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Springer, 2008.

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13

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Springer, 2018.

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14

Hartmann, Frank. Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics. Springer, 2017.

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15

Evolution of silicon sensor technology in particle physics. Berlin: Springer, 2009.

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16

Evolution of Silicon Sensor Technology in Particle Physics: Basics and Applications. Springer International Publishing AG, 2024.

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17

National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Measuring Electrically Charged Particle Fluxes in Space Using a Fiber Optic Loop Sensor. Independently Published, 2019.

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18

Temperature-dependent daily variability of precipitable water in special sensor microwave/imager observations. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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19

Temperature-dependent daily variability of precipitable water in special sensor microwave/imager observations. [Washington, DC: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1995.

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20

Acoustic particle velocity sensors: Design, performance, and applications : Mystic, CT, September 1995. Woodbury, N.Y: AIP Press, 1996.

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21

Martin, Graham R. The Sensory Ecology of Birds. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694532.001.0001.

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The natural world contains a huge amount of constantly changing information. Limitations on, and specializations within, sensory systems mean that each species receives only a small part of that information. In essence, information is filtered by sensory systems. Sensory ecology aims to understand the nature and functions of those filters for each species and sensory system. Fluxes of information, and the perceptual challenges posed by different natural environments, are so large that sensory and behavioural specializations have been inevitable. There have been many trade-offs in the evolution of sensory capacities, and trade-offs and complementarity between different sensory capacities within species. Many behavioural tasks may have influenced the evolution of sensory capacities in birds, but the principal drivers have been associated with just two tasksforaging and predator detection. The key task is the control of the position and timing of the approach of the bill towards a target. Other tasks, such as locomotion and reproduction, are achieved within the requirements of foraging and predator detection. Information thatguides behaviours may often be sparse and partial and key behaviours may only be possible because of cognitive abilities which allow adequate interpretation of partial information. Human modifications of natural environments present perceptual challenges that cannot always be met by the information available to particular birds. Mitigations of the negative effects of human intrusions into natural environments must take account of the sensory ecology of the affected species. Effects of environmental changes cannot be understood sufficiently by viewing them through the filters of human sensory systems.

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22

Khapalov, Alexander Y. Mobile Point Sensors and Actuators in the Controllability Theory of Partial Differential Equations. Springer, 2018.

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23

Khapalov, Alexander Y. Mobile Point Sensors and Actuators in the Controllability Theory of Partial Differential Equations. Springer, 2017.

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24

Vià, Cinzia Da, Gian-Franco Dalla Betta e Sherwood Parker. Radiation Sensors with 3D Electrodes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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25

Radiation Sensors with 3D Electrodes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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26

Parker, Sherwood, Cinzia da Viá e G. F. Betta. Radiation Sensors with 3D Electrodes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2021.

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27

Vià, Cinzia Da, Gian-Franco Dalla Betta e Sherwood Parker. Radiation Sensors with 3D Electrodes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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28

Vià, Cinzia Da, Gian-Franco Dalla Betta e Sherwood Parker. Radiation Sensors with 3D Electrodes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.

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29

Martin, Graham R. Postscript: Conclusions, Implications, and Comment. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199694532.003.0010.

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The natural world contains a huge amount of constantly changing information but specializations within sensory systems mean that each species receives only a small part of that information. Information is filtered by sensory systems. We cannot assume what a bird can detect–it is important to measure its sensory capacities and to quantify the sensory challenges posed for the conduct of tasks in different environments. No sensory system can function adequately throughout the full ranges of stimuli that are found in the natural world. There have been many trade-offs in the evolution of particular sensory capacities and tradeoffs and complementarity between different sensory capacities within a species. Birds may often be guided by information at the limits of their sensory capacities. Information that guides behaviours may often be sparse and partial. Key behaviours may only be possible because of cognitive abilities which allow adequate interpretation of such partial information.

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30

Martínez-Pérez, M. J., R. Kleiner e D. Koelle. NanoSQUIDs Applied to the Investigation of Small Magnetic Systems. Editado por A. V. Narlikar. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198738169.013.19.

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This article discusses the use of nanoSQUIDs for investigating small magnetic systems. It begins with an overview of the basics of superconducting quantum interference devices, focusing on how a dc SQUID operates and the use of resistively and capacitively shunted junction model to describe the phase dynamics of Josephson junctions (JJs). It then considers the motivation for using nanoSQUIDs, along with the importance of their size and geometry. It also evaluates micro- and nanoSQUIDs made of various types of JJs including nanoSQUIDs based on sandwich-like junctions, constriction-like junctions, and proximized structures. After reviewing different nanoSQUID readout methods that can be used to directly sense the stray magnetic field created by a nanoscale magnetic sample, the article concludes by highlighting some of the practical constraints and challenges encountered in using nanoSQUID technology, including particle positioning with respect to the sensor’s surface.

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31

Mercati, Flavio. Barbour–Bertotti Best Matching. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789475.003.0004.

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Barbour and Bertotti’s Mach–Poincaré Principle can be realized in classical mechanics with a mathematical procedure which was beyond the grasp of Leibniz or Newton, and turns out to be equivalent to modern gauge theory. This is the formulation of a variational principle based on ‘best matching’: one transforms subsequent configurations of the system with the Euclidean group, and by minimizing a certain functional a notion of ‘equilocality’ is established: now it makes sense to say that a particle comes back to the same point at different times.

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32

Goldman, Alan H. Life's Values. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829737.001.0001.

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This book seeks to explain what is of ultimate value in individual lives. Proposed candidates include pleasure, happiness, meaning, and well-being. Only the last is the all-inclusive category of personal value, and it consists in the satisfaction of deep rational desires. Since individuals’ rational desires differ, the book cannot tell you what will maximize your own well-being, what in particular you ought to pursue, although it can tell you to make your desires rational, that is, informed and coherent. It can also explain the nature of the states that typically enter into well-being: pleasure, happiness, and meaning being typically partial causes as well as effects of well-being. All are byproducts of satisfying rational desires and rarely successfully aimed at directly. Pleasure comes in sensory, intentional, and pure feeling forms, each with an opposite in pain or distress. Happiness in its primary sense is an emotion, not a constant state as some philosophers assume, and in secondary senses a mood (disposition to have an emotion) or temperament (disposition to be in a mood). Meaning in life is a matter of events in one’s life fitting into intelligible narratives. Events in narratives are understood teleologically as well as causally, in terms of outcomes aimed at as well as antecedent events. In briefest terms, this book distinguishes and relates pleasure, happiness, well-being, and meaning, and relates each to motivation and value.

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33

Kenyon, Ian R. Quantum 20/20. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808350.001.0001.

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This text reviews fundametals and incorporates key themes of quantum physics. One theme contrasts boson condensation and fermion exclusivity. Bose–Einstein condensation is basic to superconductivity, superfluidity and gaseous BEC. Fermion exclusivity leads to compact stars and to atomic structure, and thence to the band structure of metals and semiconductors with applications in material science, modern optics and electronics. A second theme is that a wavefunction at a point, and in particular its phase is unique (ignoring a global phase change). If there are symmetries, conservation laws follow and quantum states which are eigenfunctions of the conserved quantities. By contrast with no particular symmetry topological effects occur such as the Bohm–Aharonov effect: also stable vortex formation in superfluids, superconductors and BEC, all these having quantized circulation of some sort. The quantum Hall effect and quantum spin Hall effect are ab initio topological. A third theme is entanglement: a feature that distinguishes the quantum world from the classical world. This property led Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen to the view that quantum mechanics is an incomplete physical theory. Bell proposed the way that any underlying local hidden variable theory could be, and was experimentally rejected. Powerful tools in quantum optics, including near-term secure communications, rely on entanglement. It was exploited in the the measurement of CP violation in the decay of beauty mesons. A fourth theme is the limitations on measurement precision set by quantum mechanics. These can be circumvented by quantum non-demolition techniques and by squeezing phase space so that the uncertainty is moved to a variable conjugate to that being measured. The boundaries of precision are explored in the measurement of g-2 for the electron, and in the detection of gravitational waves by LIGO; the latter achievement has opened a new window on the Universe. The fifth and last theme is quantum field theory. This is based on local conservation of charges. It reaches its most impressive form in the quantum gauge theories of the strong, electromagnetic and weak interactions, culminating in the discovery of the Higgs. Where particle physics has particles condensed matter has a galaxy of pseudoparticles that exist only in matter and are always in some sense special to particular states of matter. Emergent phenomena in matter are successfully modelled and analysed using quasiparticles and quantum theory. Lessons learned in that way on spontaneous symmetry breaking in superconductivity were the key to constructing a consistent quantum gauge theory of electroweak processes in particle physics.

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34

Nigel, Blackaby, Partasides Constantine, Redfern Alan e Hunter Martin. 9 Award. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198714248.003.0009.

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This chapter considers the different categories of arbitration award issued by the arbitrary tribunal. The tribunal may be called upon to decide procedural disputes, or to make partial awards that decide issues between parties on a partial or final basis. Under the English Arbitration Act 1996, all awards are ‘final’, in the sense that they dispose ‘finally’ of the issues decided in them, and they are ‘binding’ on the parties. A final award, in this sense, is usually the outcome of arbitral proceedings that have been contested throughout. However, it may embody an agreed settlement between the parties, in which case it is generally known as a ‘consent award’, or an ‘award on agreed terms’. Another category is an award in proceedings in which a party has failed or refused to participate, which type of award is usually described as a ‘default award’.

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35

Deruelle, Nathalie, e Jean-Philippe Uzan. Electromagnetic waves. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786399.003.0033.

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This chapter examines solutions to the Maxwell equations in a vacuum: monochromatic plane waves and their polarizations, plane waves, and the motion of a charge in the field of a wave (which is the principle upon which particle detection is based). A plane wave is a solution of the vacuum Maxwell equations which depends on only one of the Cartesian spatial coordinates. The monochromatic plane waves form a basis (in the sense of distributions, because they are not square-integrable) in which any solution of the vacuum Maxwell equations can be expanded. The chapter concludes by giving the conditions for the geometrical optics limit. It also establishes the connection between electromagnetic waves and the kinematic description of light discussed in Book 1.

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36

Morawetz, Klaus. Nonlocal Collision Integral. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198797241.003.0013.

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The kinetic equation with the nonlocal shifts is presented as the final result on the way to derive the kinetic equation with nonlocal corrections. The exclusive dependence of the nonlocal and non-instant corrections on the scattering phase shift confirms the results from the theory of gases. With the approximation on the level of the Brueckner reaction matrix, the corresponding non-instant and nonlocal scattering integral in parallel with the classical Enskog’s equation, can be treated with Monte-Carlo simulation techniques. Neglecting the shifts, the Landau theory of quasiparticle transport appears. In this sense the presented kinetic theory unifies both approaches. An intrinsic symmetry is found from the optical theorem which allows for representing the collision integral equivalently either in particle-hole symmetric or space-time symmetric form.

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37

Cohen, Jeffrey A., Justin J. Mowchun, Victoria H. Lawson e Nathaniel M. Robbins. A 55-Year-Old Female with Slowly Progressive Weakness. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190491901.003.0010.

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Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIPD) typically presents with both proximal and distal weakness, areflexia, and distal sensory findings. Two-thirds of patients have a progressive course over many months to years, however one-third of patients have a relapsing course with partial or complete recovery. It is important to be aware of several systemic disorders which may be associated with CIDP. Immunoglobulin M antibody–producing neuropathies have a monoclonal protein that is usually detected with serum protein electrophoresis, which may mimic CIDP. This chapter emphasizes the importance of differential diagnosis and workup. Treatment options are also described.

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38

Robert, Pascal, ed. L'impensé numérique - Tome 2 - Interprétations critiques et logiques pragmatiques de l’impensé. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.9782813003577.

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Ce deuxième tome de l’impensé numérique, qui vient compléter le premier tome paru en 2016, participe au développement d’une pensée critique du numérique que le directeur de cet ouvrage collectif a engagée voilà 25 ans maintenant. Il marque en quelque sorte un anniversaire, celui d’une réflexion au long cours sur l‘informatisation de la société. Ce temps long de la recherche se révèle, notamment, dans la première partie qui vise à élaborer, reprendre et affiner le cadre conceptuel de ce travail. On y revient, à nouveaux frais, sur les notions d’impensé informatique et numérique, on y présente les notions de « glissement de la prérogative politique » (GPP), qui souligne la prise en main par des acteurs privés de prérogatives jusque là dévolues au politique et de « gestionnarisation », qui désigne le processus qui met en avant la technique (gestion et numérique) et ses catégories au détriment des activités qui doivent s’y adapter. Ce travail de construction théorique, qui mobilise aussi les notions de confiance, d’usage, d’imaginaire et de reconnaissance, s’est déployé sur une bonne quinzaine d’année. Nous n’avons pas voulu supprimer cette épaisseur temporelle, qui fait pleinement partie du travail de recherche lui-même. Les deuxième et troisième parties font le point sur ce que l’on peut appeler une pragmatique de l’impensé : à savoir, comment il s’installe très concrètement aussi bien dans le mode de fonctionnement et d’architecturation d’internet, que dans nos plateformes et dans la manière dont elles transforment le jeu médiatique, à travers, également, l’instauration d’une nouvelle monnaie (le Bitcoin) et de son support technique (la blockchain) ou, enfin, par le biais du big data. L’impensé, en ce sens, n’est pas seulement un effet de discours, il est aussi un effet, pratique, de structuration du réel qui a pour conséquence de fermer des espaces de discutabilité. Ce qui est vrai à l’échelle stratégique de la deuxième partie l’est tout autant à l’échelle tactique, plus locale, qu’adopte la troisième partie : car l’impensé est tout autant au travail dans les discours performatifs de l’éducation, dans celui de la vulgarisation technique de l‘informatique que dans ceux qui structurent les espaces numériques de la culture. Un dernier texte ouvre sur une proposition technique qui s’appuie sur une réflexion critique, afin de montrer que celle-ci n’est pas seulement négative ou supposément technophobe, mais qu’elle peut également nourrir un dispositif technique innovant. La conclusion s’interroge sur la persistance des conditions de possibilité du développement d’une véritable posture critique face à ceux que l’on peut appeler les impenseurs. Elle offre également un petit kit pédagogique de présentation de l‘impensé, du GPP et de la gestionnarisation pour que la critique argumentée puisse, peut être, être mieux entendue. Avec les contributions de : Eric Arrivé, Julien Falgas, Chloé Girard, Isabelle Hare, Aude Inaudi, Marc Jahjah et Adrian Staii.

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Wilson, Catherine. 5. Material minds. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199688326.003.0005.

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‘Material minds’ considers Epicurus’ theory of perception and his views on knowledge and truth. The Epicureans maintained that the soul, like everything else, was material, composed of very small, light, mobile atoms that pervaded the entirety of the living body of an animal. Lucretius proposed that the mind grows up with the body, and that a mixture of four types of soul particles can explain the temperaments and capabilities of the various species. Sense perception, thinking, and dreaming are discussed, along with truth and error in perceptual experience. The Epicurean theory of materialism is then compared with three philosophical alternatives to materialism—dualism, panpsychism, and nescience—before considering modern-day materialism.

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Stuewer, Roger H. The Cambridge–Vienna Controversy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198827870.003.0004.

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The intense Cambridge–Vienna controversy, which was carried out in the literature and in private correspondence, lasted six years. It was resolved in December 1928, when Chadwick visited Meyer’s institute in Vienna and found that under Pettersson and Kirsch’s influence their women scintillation counters had fallen prey to a misleading psychological effect. That was never published in the literature, however, so outsiders could only sense that something had gone seriously wrong in Meyer’s institute, which greatly affected its scientific reputation. The major positive consequence of the controversy was that it encouraged the further development of electrical techniques for counting charged particles to replace human scintillation counters.

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Ribary, Urs, Alex L. MacKay, Alexander Rauscher, Christine M. Tipper, Deborah E. Giaschi, Todd S. Woodward, Vesna Sossi et al. Emerging neuroimaging technologies: Toward future personalized diagnostics, prognosis, targeted intervention, and ethical challenges. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198786832.003.0002.

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The human brain is a fine-tuned and balanced structural, functional, and dynamic electrochemical system. Any alterations, from slight slowing of partial brain networks to severe disruptions in structural, functional, and dynamic connectivity across local and large-scale brain networks will result in slight to severe changes in cognitive ability, awareness, and consciousness. Using future noninvasive technologies, the common goal is to relate typical or atypical resting-state, sensory-motor functions, cognition, and consciousness to underlying typical or altered quantified brain structure, biochemistry, pathways, functional brain networks, and connectivity. This will pose enormous ethical challenges of quantitative diagnostic and prognostic strategies in future neurologic and psychiatric clinical practice.

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Pulham, Patricia. The Sculptural Body in Victorian Literature. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748693429.001.0001.

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This book contends that, in Victorian literature, transgressive desires that cannot be openly acknowledged – whether these be homosexuality, pygmalionism, necrophilia, or paedophilia – are often embedded and encrypted in sculptures. The three-dimensionality of the sculptural body, its ubiquity in Victorian popular culture, its increasing visibility in public galleries, and the full or partial nudity of classical statues on display are some of the key reasons that underpin this phenomenon. It argues that, in such literature, sculpture often functions as a form of textual ‘Secretum’ in which forbidden love becomes available for recovery and circulation by those ‘in the know’, manifesting through sensory signification, through literal and metaphorical forms of tactility, and at the intersections between vision and touch.

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Barger, Lilian Calles. A Culture of Solidarity. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190695392.003.0011.

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This chapter examines the politics of difference and solidarity among Latin American and Black Power radicals that challenged the exclusion of marginalized groups from the universal. Dependency theory provided an explanation for neo-colonialism and the long search for Latin America identity and solidarity. A black cultural nationalism and black history provided the motifs for establishing a sense of peoplehood and asserting God is black. A narrative in which God was partial to the oppressed offered a way for liberationists to conceptualize a new inclusive universal humanity.

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Dancy, Jonathan. Reasoning to Intention. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198805441.003.0010.

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This chapter considers John Broome’s account of instrumental reasoning. It argues that his account is far too restrictive. Broome fails to allow for various perfectly good forms of reasoning, such as reasoning to a sufficient but not necessary means and reasoning to a partial means. This failure is not an accident; it derives from an unnecessarily limited conception of what reasoning could be. The chapter offers a different account of instrumental reasoning, consistent with the position developed in earlier chapters. This account is far more flexible and makes good sense of the various forms of instrumental reasoning that we actually engage in.

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Vossen, Piek. Ontologies. Editado por Ruslan Mitkov. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199276349.013.0025.

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Ontology refers to the storage of information within a domain, to draw common sense inferences. The expressly linguistic nature of this sort of information would translate it into a lexicon. Traditions dealing with knowledge structuring within ontologies, can be positioned depending on their focus on words/concepts, for different purposes. These are, philosophical tradition, cognitive tradition, artificial intelligence tradition, lexical semantics, lexicography, and information science. Ontologically accumulated knowledge bases can be used to inform structural linguistic analysis, as well as partial understanding. However, most current NLP techniques hardly ever perform full language understanding. While NLP generally seems to be shifting towards inferencing systems that exploit common sense knowledge, small-scale information systems can be enhanced by (re)using more general strands of information. Prospects of convergence of different paradigms have also triggered of efforts to standardize ontological contents.

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Wittman, David M. Energy and Momentum. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199658633.003.0012.

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Tis chapter explains the famous equation E = mc2 as part of a wider relationship between energy, mass, and momentum. We start by defning energy and momentum in the everyday sense. We then build on the stretching‐triangle picture of spacetime vectors developed in Chapter 11 to see how energy, mass, and momentum have a deep relationship that is not obvious at everyday low speeds. When momentum is zero (a mass is at rest) this energy‐momentum relation simplifes to E = mc2, which implies that mass at rest quietly stores tremendous amounts of energy. Te energymomentum relation also implies that traveling near the speed of light (e.g., to take advantage of time dilation for interstellar journeys) will require tremendous amounts of energy. Finally, we look at the simplifed form of the energy‐momentum relation when the mass is zero. Tis gives us insight into the behavior of massless particles such as the photon.

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Lycan, William G. On Evidence in Philosophy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198829720.001.0001.

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This book offers an epistemology of philosophy itself, a partial method for philosophical inquiry. The epistemology features three ultimate sources of justified philosophical belief. First, common sense, in a carefully restricted sense of the term—the sorts of contingent propositions Moore defended against idealists and skeptics. Second, the deliverances of well confirmed science. Third, and more fundamentally, intuitions about cases, in a carefully specified sense of that term. Chapters 1–4 expound a version of Moore’s method and apply it to each of several issues. The version is shown to resist all the standard objections to Moore; most of them do not even apply. Chapters 5 and 6 argue that philosophical method is far less powerful than most have taken it to be. In particular, deductive argument can accomplish very little, and hardly ever is an opposing position refuted except by common sense or by science. Chapters 7 and 8 defend the evidential status of intuitions and the Goodmanian method of reflective equilibrium; it is argued that philosophy always and everywhere depends on them. The method is then set within a more general explanatory-coherentist epistemology, which is shown to resist standard forms of skepticism. In sum, this book advocates a picture of philosophy as a very wide explanatory reflective equilibrium incorporating common sense, science, and our firmest intuitions on any topic—and nothing more, not ever.

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Egreteau, Renaud. Military Guardianship and the Search for a Pacted Transition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190620967.003.0002.

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The chapter argues that the main policy actor at the core of the transitional process remains Myanmar’s secretive military institution. It was the armed forces and its uncontested leadership that let the “opening” outstretch soon after the 2010 elections, by officially disbanding the “junta” and morphing into a hybrid “transit regime”. In a sense, the Tatmadaw stood, as in 1960 and 1974, as a “caretaker” of the transition. Yet, even if the partial disengagement of the armed forces from politics observed after 2011 had carefully been planned by the military leadership, an institutional and political “elite pact” was needed regardless, and sought after by several key elite groups, to pursue the initial procedural transition.

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Burgess, John P. Logic and Philosophical Methodology. Editado por Herman Cappelen, Tamar Szabó Gendler e John Hawthorne. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199668779.013.30.

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This article explores the role of logic in philosophical methodology, as well as its application in philosophy. The discussion gives a roughly equal coverage to the seven branches of logic: elementary logic, set theory, model theory, recursion theory, proof theory, extraclassical logics, and anticlassical logics. Mathematical logic comprises set theory, model theory, recursion theory, and proof theory. Philosophical logic in the relevant sense is divided into the study of extensions of classical logic, such as modal or temporal or deontic or conditional logics, and the study of alternatives to classical logic, such as intuitionistic or quantum or partial or paraconsistent logics. The nonclassical consists of the extraclassical and the anticlassical, although the distinction is not clearcut.

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50

Close, Frank. Eclipses. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780190902476.001.0001.

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Have you ever seen a total solar eclipse? If the question caused you to search your memory, the correct answer would have been “no.” A common response is: “Yes--I saw one, it was about 90% partial eclipse where I lived.” A 90% partial eclipse is indeed a remarkable phenomenon, but true totality leaves all else in the shade, in all senses of the phrase. Ask the question of anyone who has experienced the full sensation of being obliterated by the moon's shadow, and they will reply “yes”--without hesitation--and continue with a monologue describing the overwhelming experiences and unique phenomena that ensued. On 21 August 2017 millions of people across the United States witnessed “The Great American Eclipse” of the Sun. The moment it was over, people around the world were asking questions: what caused the weird shadows and colors in the build up to totality? Were those ephemeral bands of shadows gliding across the ground in the seconds before totality real or an optical illusion? Why this, what that, but above all: where and when can I see a total solar eclipse again? Eclipses: What Everyone Needs to Know helps explain the profound differences between a 99.99% partial eclipse and true totality, and inform readers how to experience this most beautiful natural phenomenon successfully. It covers eclipses of sun, moon, and other astronomical objects, and their applications in science, as well as their role in history, literature, and myth. It describes the phenomena to expect at a solar eclipse and the best ways to record them--by camera, video, or by simple handmade experiments. The book covers the timetable of upcoming eclipses, where the best locations will be to see them, and the opportunities for using them as vehicles for inspiration and education. As a veteran of seven total solar eclipses, physicist Frank Close is an expert both on the theory and practice of eclipses. Eclipses: What Everyone Needs to Know is a popular source of information on the physics of eclipses.

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