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Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "NOx precursors"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 15 de fevereiro de 2025
Última modificação: 30 de julho de 2025

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1

Xu, Liting, Qilei Yang, Lihua Hu, et al. "Insights over Titanium Modified FeMgOx Catalysts for Selective Catalytic Reduction of NOx with NH3: Influence of Precursors and Crystalline Structures." Catalysts 9, no. 6 (2019): 560. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9060560.

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Titanium modified FeMgOx catalysts with different precursors were prepared by coprecipitation method with microwave thermal treatment. The iron precursor is a key factor affecting the surface active component. The catalyst using FeSO4 and Mg(NO3)2 as precursors exhibited enhanced catalytic activity from 225 to 400 °C, with a maximum NOx conversion of 100%. Iron oxides existed as γ-Fe2O3 in this catalyst. They exhibited highly enriched surface active oxygen and surface acidity, which were favorable for low-temperature selective catalytic reduction (SCR) reaction. Besides, it showed advantage in
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2

Morin, S., R. Sander та J. Savarino. "Simulation of the diurnal variations of the oxygen isotope anomaly (Δ<sup>17</sup>O) of reactive atmospheric species". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, № 12 (2010): 30405–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-30405-2010.

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Abstract. The isotope anomaly (Δ17O) of secondary atmospheric species such as nitrate (NO3−) or hydrogen peroxyde (H2O2) has potential to provide useful constrains on their formation pathways. Indeed, the Δ17O of their precursors (NOx, HOx etc.) differs and depends on their interactions with ozone, which is the main source of non-zero Δ17O in the atmosphere. Interpreting variations of Δ17O in secondary species requires an in-depth understanding of the Δ17O of their precursors taking into account non-linear chemical regimes operating under various environmental settings. We present results from
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3

SINHA, PRIYANKA, Siddharth Singh, and POOJA SAROJ. "Relationship of Surface Ozone (O3) with its precursors and meteorological parameters over New Delhi, India." MAUSAM 73, no. 4 (2022): 829–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v73i4.5510.

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In the present study, continuous measurements of Surface Ozone (O3), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx (NO+ NO2)), and carbon monoxide (CO), monitored at five different locations in Delhi National Capital Region have been studied for the period 2013 – 2019. The five monitoring locations used are namely IMD Lodi Road, IGI Airport Palam, CV Raman Dheerpur, CRRI Mathura Road, and NCMRWF Noida. The average hourly concentration of O3, NO, NO2, CO, NOx (NO + NO2), and OX(NO2 +O3) are found in the range of 32.44 ppb to 36.57 ppb, 19.46 to 28.09 ppb, 20.83 to 26.89 ppb,1.67 to 1.89 ppm,43.04 to 54.99 ppb, and 5
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4

Wang, Yujue, Min Hu, Yuchen Wang, et al. "The formation of nitro-aromatic compounds under high NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> and anthropogenic VOC conditions in urban Beijing, China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 11 (2019): 7649–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-7649-2019.

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Abstract. Nitro-aromatic compounds (NACs), as important contributors to the light absorption by brown carbon, have been widely observed in various ambient atmospheres; however, their formation in the urban atmosphere was little studied. In this work, we report an intensive field study of NACs in summer 2016 at an urban Beijing site, characterized by both high-NOx and anthropogenic VOC dominated conditions. We investigated the factors that influence NAC formation (e.g., NO2, VOC precursors, RH and photolysis) through quantification of eight NACs, along with major components in fine particulate
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5

Holland, Rayne, Katya Seifert, Eric Saboya, M. Anwar H. Khan, Richard G. Derwent, and Dudley E. Shallcross. "Elucidating the Effects of COVID-19 Lockdowns in the UK on the O3-NOx-VOC Relationship." Atmosphere 15, no. 5 (2024): 607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos15050607.

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The unprecedented reductions in anthropogenic emissions over the COVID-19 lockdowns were utilised to investigate the response of ozone (O3) concentrations to changes in its precursors across various UK sites. Ozone, volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and NOx (NO+NO2) data were obtained for a 3-year period encompassing the pandemic period (January 2019–December 2021), as well as a pre-pandemic year (2017), to better understand the contribution of precursor emissions to O3 fluctuations. Compared with pre-lockdown levels, NO and NO2 declined by up to 63% and 42%, respectively, over the lockdown pe
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6

Morin, S., R. Sander та J. Savarino. "Simulation of the diurnal variations of the oxygen isotope anomaly (Δ<sup>17</sup>O) of reactive atmospheric species". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 11, № 8 (2011): 3653–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-11-3653-2011.

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Abstract. The isotope anomaly (Δ17O) of secondary atmospheric species such as nitrate (NO3−) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) has potential to provide useful constrains on their formation pathways. Indeed, the Δ17O of their precursors (NOx, HOx etc.) differs and depends on their interactions with ozone, which is the main source of non-zero Δ17O in the atmosphere. Interpreting variations of Δ17O in secondary species requires an in-depth understanding of the Δ17O of their precursors taking into account non-linear chemical regimes operating under various environmental settings. This article reviews an
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7

Cheng, Shan, Kehui Yao, Hong Tian, Ting Yang, and Lianghui Chen. "Synergistic Catalytic Effects on Nitrogen Transformation during Biomass Pyrolysis: A Focus on Proline as a Model Compound." Molecules 29, no. 13 (2024): 3118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules29133118.

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To investigate the control mechanisms of NOx precursors and the synergistic effects of composite catalysts during proline pyrolysis, a systematic series of experiments was conducted utilizing composite catalysts with varying Fe-Ca ratios. Product distribution analysis was employed to elucidate the catalysts’ mechanisms in reducing NOx precursor emissions. The synergistic interactions between Fe and Ca were quantitatively assessed through comparative theoretical and experimental release calculations. The results indicate that an increase in the Fe content in the catalyst led to a rise in amine
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8

Marais, E. A., D. J. Jacob, J. L. Jimenez, et al. "Aqueous-phase mechanism for secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene: application to the Southeast United States and co-benefit of SO<sub>2</sub> emission controls." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 21 (2015): 32005–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-32005-2015.

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Abstract. Isoprene emitted by vegetation is an important precursor of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), but the mechanism and yields are uncertain. Aerosol is prevailingly aqueous under the humid conditions typical of isoprene-emitting regions. Here we develop an aqueous-phase mechanism for isoprene SOA formation coupled to a detailed gas-phase isoprene oxidation scheme. The mechanism is based on aerosol reactive uptake probabilities (γ) for water-soluble isoprene oxidation products, including sensitivity to aerosol acidity and nucleophile concentrations. We apply this mechanism to simulation o
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9

Schroeder, Jason R., Chenxia Cai, Jin Xu, et al. "Changing ozone sensitivity in the South Coast Air Basin during the COVID-19 period." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 19 (2022): 12985–3000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-12985-2022.

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Abstract. The South Coast Air Basin (SoCAB), which includes the city of Los Angeles and is home to more than 15 million people, frequently experiences ozone (O3) levels that exceed ambient air quality standards. While strict regulation of O3 precursors has dramatically improved air quality over the past 50 years, the region has seen limited improvement in O3 over the past decade despite continued reductions in precursor emissions. One contributing factor to the recent lack of improvement is a gradual transition of the underlying photochemical environment from a VOC-limited regime (where VOC de
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10

Marais, E. A., D. J. Jacob, J. L. Jimenez, et al. "Aqueous-phase mechanism for secondary organic aerosol formation from isoprene: application to the southeast United States and co-benefit of SO<sub>2</sub> emission controls." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 3 (2016): 1603–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-1603-2016.

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Abstract. Isoprene emitted by vegetation is an important precursor of secondary organic aerosol (SOA), but the mechanism and yields are uncertain. Aerosol is prevailingly aqueous under the humid conditions typical of isoprene-emitting regions. Here we develop an aqueous-phase mechanism for isoprene SOA formation coupled to a detailed gas-phase isoprene oxidation scheme. The mechanism is based on aerosol reactive uptake coefficients (γ) for water-soluble isoprene oxidation products, including sensitivity to aerosol acidity and nucleophile concentrations. We apply this mechanism to simulation of
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11

Seltzer, K. M., W. Vizuete, and B. H. Henderson. "Evaluation of updated nitric acid chemistry on ozone precursors and radiative effects." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 3 (2015): 3219–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-3219-2015.

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Abstract. This study shows that revising the reaction rate of NO2 + HO• → HNO3 improves simulated nitrogen partitioning and adjusts the simulated radiative effects of several radiative forcing variables. Both laboratory and field study analysis have found that the reaction rate should be reduced by 13–30% from current recommendations. We evaluate the GEOS-Chem model over North America with and without the recommended update. Revising the NO2 + HO• → HNO3 rate coefficient improves model performance by increasing NOx concentrations in the upper troposphere and decreasing HNO3 throughout the trop
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12

Li, Ruiyuan, Miaoqing Xu, Manchun Li, et al. "Identifying the spatiotemporal variations in ozone formation regimes across China from 2005 to 2019 based on polynomial simulation and causality analysis." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 21, no. 20 (2021): 15631–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-21-15631-2021.

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Abstract. Ozone formation regimes are closely related to the ratio of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) to NOx. Different ranges of HCHO/NO2 indicate three formation regimes, including VOC-limited, transitional, and NOx-limited regimes. Due to the unstable interactions between a diversity of precursors, the range of the transitional regime, which plays a key role in identifying ozone formation regimes, remains unclear. To overcome the uncertainties from single models and the lack of reference data, we employed two models, polynomial simulation and convergent cross-mapping (CCM), to identify th
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13

Savarino, J., W. C. Vicars, M. Legrand, et al. "Oxygen isotope mass balance of atmospheric nitrate at Dome C, East Antarctica, during the OPALE campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 17 (2015): 24041–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-24041-2015.

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Abstract. Variations in the stable oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric nitrate act as novel tools for studying oxidative processes taking place in the troposphere. They provide both qualitative and quantitative constraints on the pathways determining the fate of atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO + NO2 = NOx). The unique and distinctive 17O-excess (Δ17O = δ17O − 0.52 × δ18O) of ozone, which is transferred to NOx via oxidation, is a particularly useful isotopic fingerprint in studies of NOx transformations. Constraining the propagation of 17O-excess within the NOx cycle is critical in polar
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14

Savarino, Joël, William C. Vicars, Michel Legrand, et al. "Oxygen isotope mass balance of atmospheric nitrate at Dome C, East Antarctica, during the OPALE campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 16, no. 4 (2016): 2659–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-16-2659-2016.

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Abstract. Variations in the stable oxygen isotope composition of atmospheric nitrate act as novel tools for studying oxidative processes taking place in the troposphere. They provide both qualitative and quantitative constraints on the pathways determining the fate of atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NO + NO2 = NOx). The unique and distinctive 17O excess (Δ17O = δ17O − 0.52 × δ18O) of ozone, which is transferred to NOx via oxidation, is a particularly useful isotopic fingerprint in studies of NOx transformations. Constraining the propagation of 17O excess within the NOx cycle is critical in polar
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15

Nussbaumer, Clara M., Horst Fischer, Jos Lelieveld, and Andrea Pozzer. "What controls ozone sensitivity in the upper tropical troposphere?" Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 23, no. 19 (2023): 12651–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-23-12651-2023.

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Abstract. Ozone is an important contributor to the radiative energy budget of the upper troposphere (UT). Therefore, observing and understanding the processes contributing to ozone production are important for monitoring the progression of climate change. Nitrogen oxides (NOx ≡ NO + NO2) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are two main tropospheric precursors to ozone formation. Depending on their abundances, ozone production can be sensitive to changes in either of these two precursors. Here, we focus on processes contributing to ozone chemistry in the upper tropical troposphere between 30∘
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16

Elshorbany, Yasin, Jerald R. Ziemke, Sarah Strode, et al. "Tropospheric ozone precursors: global and regional distributions, trends, and variability." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 21 (2024): 12225–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-12225-2024.

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Abstract. Tropospheric ozone results from in situ chemical formation and stratosphere–troposphere exchange (STE), with the latter being more important in the middle and upper troposphere than in the lower troposphere. Ozone photochemical formation is nonlinear and results from the oxidation of methane and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) in the presence of nitrogen oxide (NOx=NO+NO2). Previous studies showed that O3 short- and long-term trends are nonlinearly controlled by near-surface anthropogenic emissions of carbon monoxide (CO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and nitrogen oxides, whic
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17

Ren, Qiangqiang. "NOx and N2O precursors from biomass pyrolysis." Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry 115, no. 1 (2013): 881–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3238-5.

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18

Jiang, Z., J. R. Worden, D. B. A. Jones, J. T. Lin, W. W. Verstraeten, and D. K. Henze. "Constraints on Asian ozone using Aura TES, OMI and Terra MOPITT." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 1 (2015): 99–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-99-2015.

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Abstract. Rapid industrialization in Asia in the last two decades has resulted in a significant increase in Asian ozone (O3) precursor emissions with likely a corresponding increase in the export of O3 and its precursors. However, the relationship between this increasing O3, the chemical environment, O3 production efficiency, and the partitioning between anthropogenic and natural precursors is unclear. In this work, we use satellite measurements of O3, CO and NO2 from TES (Tropospheric Emission Spectrometer), MOPITT (Measurement of Pollution In The Troposphere) and OMI (Ozone Monitoring Instru
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19

Wu, Luolin, Jian Hang, Xuemei Wang, Min Shao, and Cheng Gong. "APFoam 1.0: integrated computational fluid dynamics simulation of O<sub>3</sub>–NO<sub><i>x</i></sub>–volatile organic compound chemistry and pollutant dispersion in a typical street canyon." Geoscientific Model Development 14, no. 7 (2021): 4655–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/gmd-14-4655-2021.

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Abstract. Urban air quality issues are closely related to human health and economic development. In order to investigate street-scale flow and air quality, this study developed the atmospheric photolysis calculation framework (APFoam 1.0), an open-source computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code based on OpenFOAM, which can be used to examine microscale reactive pollutant formation and dispersion in an urban area. The chemistry module of APFoam has been modified by adding five new types of reactions, which can implement the atmospheric photochemical mechanism (full O3–NOx–volatile organic compou
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20

Lei, H., and J. X. L. Wang. "Sensitivities of NO<sub>x</sub> transformation and the effects on surface ozone and nitrate." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 3 (2014): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-1385-2014.

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Abstract. As precursors to tropospheric ozone and nitrate, nitrogen oxide (NOx) in the present atmosphere and its transformation in response to emission and climate perturbations are studied by using the CAM-Chem model and air quality measurements from the National Emissions Inventory (NEI), Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET), and Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS). It is found that NOx transformations in present atmospheric conditions show different sensitivities over industrial and non-industrial regions. As a result, the surface ozone and nitrate formati
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21

Flowerday, Callum E., Ryan Thalman, and Jaron C. Hansen. "Local and Regional Contributions to Tropospheric Ozone Concentrations." Atmosphere 14, no. 8 (2023): 1262. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos14081262.

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The Wasatch Front in Utah, USA is currently a non-attainment area for ozone according to the Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS). Nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO2 + NO) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in the presence of sunlight lead to ozone formation in the troposphere. When the rate of oxidant production, defined as the sum of O3 and NO2, is faster than the rate of NOx production, a region is said to be NOx-limited and ozone formation will be limited by the concentration of NOx species in the region. The inverse of this situation makes the
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22

Qian, Yuanyuan, Dan Wang, Zhiyan Li, et al. "Ground-Based MAX-DOAS Observations of Tropospheric Ozone and Its Precursors for Diagnosing Ozone Formation Sensitivity." Remote Sensing 17, no. 4 (2025): 658. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs17040658.

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Diagnosing ozone (O3) formation sensitivity using tropospheric observations of O3 and its precursors is important for formulating O3 pollution control strategies. Photochemical reactions producing O3 occur at the earth’s surface and in the elevated layers, indicating the importance of diagnosing O3 formation sensitivity at different layers. Synchronous measurements of tropospheric O3 and its precursors nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and formaldehyde (HCHO) were performed in urban Hefei to diagnose O3 formation sensitivity at different atmospheric layers using multi-axis differential optical absorption
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23

Marécal, V., E. D. Rivière, G. Held, S. Cautenet, and S. Freitas. "Modelling study of the impact of deep convection on the UTLS air composition – Part I: Analysis of ozone precursors." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 5 (2005): 9127–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-9127-2005.

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Abstract. The aim of this work is to study the local impact of deep convection on the upper troposphere/lower stratosphere air composition. For this purpose, we performed a 42-h simulation of a severe convective event near Bauru, in the central State of São Paulo (Brazil), with the 3-D mesoscale model RAMS coupled on-line with a chemistry model. The meteorological results of the simulation are evaluated using comparisons with near surface measurements of wind and temperature and with surface rainfall rates derived from radar observations. These comparisons show that the model produces meteorol
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24

Kusumaningtyas, Sheila Dewi Ayu, Kenichi Tonokura, Dodo Gunawan, and Windy Iriana. "Long-term trends of ozone precursors and ozone sensitivity in Jakarta Metropolitan Area: A view from space." E3S Web of Conferences 485 (2024): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202448506011.

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Jakarta Metropolitan Area (JMA) is an urban agglomeration in Indonesia where the air quality has dramatically changed from relatively clean to polluted. Economic growth, increased population, and village-to-city expansion marked the development of Jakarta and the satellite cities surrounding it, such as Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, and Bekasi. In line with human activities, large amounts of air pollutants are emitted and affect human health and vegetation. Ozone (O3) is a secondary air pollutant formed from volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). This study aims to investigate
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25

Seltzer, K. M., W. Vizuete, and B. H. Henderson. "Evaluation of updated nitric acid chemistry on ozone precursors and radiative effects." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 10 (2015): 5973–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5973-2015.

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Abstract. This study shows that revising the reaction rate of NO2 + HO· → HNO3 improves simulated nitrogen partitioning and changes the simulated radiative effects of several short-lived climate forcers (SLCF). Both laboratory and field study analyses have found that the reaction rate should be reduced by 13–30% from current recommendations. We evaluate the GEOS-Chem model over North America with and without the recommended update using observations from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment – North America (INTEX-NA) Phase A campaign. Revising the NO2 + HO· → HNO3 rate coefficien
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26

Ianniello, Antonietta, Roberto Salzano, Rosamaria Salvatori, et al. "Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) in the Arctic Troposphere at Ny-Ålesund (Svalbard Islands): Effects of Anthropogenic Pollution Sources." Atmosphere 12, no. 7 (2021): 901. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12070901.

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Atmospheric measurements of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2), ozone (O3) and other constituents were carried out during three field campaigns (29 March–30 April 2010, 1–26 April 2011, 18 May–8 October 2015) at Ny-Ålesund. The study focused on the variability of important O3 precursors, such as NOx, in the Arctic troposphere, and on the impact from anthropogenic sources on their measured concentrations: higher NO and NO2 levels were mostly associated with the lowest wind speeds and northern directions, indicating local pollution. Long-range transported sources from Russia and Europe were also i
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Cheng, Xi, Yong Jie Li, Yan Zheng, et al. "Oxygenated organic molecules produced by low-NOx photooxidation of aromatic compounds: contributions to secondary organic aerosol and steric hindrance." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 4 (2024): 2099–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-2099-2024.

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Abstract. Oxygenated organic molecules (OOMs) produced by the oxidation of aromatic compounds are key components of secondary organic aerosol (SOA) in urban environments. The steric effects of substitutions and rings and the role of key reaction pathways in altering the OOM distributions remain unclear because of the lack of systematic multi-precursor study over a wide range of OH exposure. In this study, we conducted flow-tube experiments and used the nitrate adduct time-of-flight chemical ionization mass spectrometer (NO3--TOF-CIMS) to measure the OOMs produced by the photooxidation of six k
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28

Liu, Lei, Xiuying Zhang, Wen Xu, et al. "Temporal characteristics of atmospheric ammonia and nitrogen dioxide over China based on emission data, satellite observations and atmospheric transport modeling since 1980." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 15 (2017): 9365–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-9365-2017.

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Abstract. China is experiencing intense air pollution caused in large part by anthropogenic emissions of reactive nitrogen (Nr). Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) are the most important precursors for Nr compounds (including N2O5, HNO3, HONO and particulate NO3− and NH4+) in the atmosphere. Understanding the changes in NH3 and NO2 has important implications for the regulation of anthropogenic Nr emissions and is a requirement for assessing the consequence of environmental impacts. We conducted the temporal trend analysis of atmospheric NH3 and NO2 on a national scale since 1
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29

Tan, Zhaofeng, Keding Lu, Meiqing Jiang, et al. "Daytime atmospheric oxidation capacity in four Chinese megacities during the photochemically polluted season: a case study based on box model simulation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 19, no. 6 (2019): 3493–513. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-19-3493-2019.

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Abstract. Atmospheric oxidation capacity is the basis for converting freshly emitted substances into secondary products and is dominated by reactions involving hydroxyl radicals (OH) during daytime. In this study, we present in situ measurements of ROx radical (hydroxy OH, hydroperoxy HO2, and organic peroxy RO2) precursors and products; the measurements are carried out in four Chinese megacities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Chongqing) during photochemically polluted seasons. The atmospheric oxidation capacity is evaluated using an observation-based model and radical chemistry precursor
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30

Xu, Weiqi, Masayuki Takeuchi, Chun Chen, et al. "Estimation of particulate organic nitrates from thermodenuder–aerosol mass spectrometer measurements in the North China Plain." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 14, no. 5 (2021): 3693–705. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-14-3693-2021.

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Abstract. Particulate organic nitrates (pON) are an important component of secondary organic aerosol in biogenic-emission-dominant environments and play a critical role in NOx cycles. However, estimation of pON has been a challenge in polluted environments, e.g., North China Plain, with high concentrations of inorganic nitrate and NOx. Here we developed a method for estimation of pON from the measurements of high-resolution aerosol mass spectrometer coupled with a thermodenuder based on the volatility differences between inorganic nitrate and pON. The results generally correlated well with tho
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Muñoz, Verónica, Fatima Maria Zanon Zotin, and Luz Amparo Palacio. "Copper–aluminum hydrotalcite type precursors for NOx abatement." Catalysis Today 250 (July 2015): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cattod.2014.06.004.

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Liu, Tongqiang, Jinghao Zhao, Rumei Li, and Yajun Tian. "Retrieval and Evaluation of NOX Emissions Based on a Machine Learning Model in Shandong." Sustainability 17, no. 13 (2025): 6100. https://doi.org/10.3390/su17136100.

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Nitrogen oxides (NOX) are important precursors of ozone and secondary aerosols. Accurate and timely NOX emission estimates are essential for formulating measures to mitigate haze and ozone pollution. Bottom–up and satellite–constrained top–down methods are commonly used for emission inventory compilation; however, they have limitations of time lag and high computational demands. Here, we propose a machine learning model, WOA-XGBoost (Whale Optimization Algorithm–Extreme Gradient Boosting), to retrieve NOX emissions. We constructed a dataset incorporating satellite observations and conducted mo
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Tie, X., G. Brasseur, and Z. Ying. "Impact of model resolution on chemical ozone formation in Mexico City; application of the WRF-Chem model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 4 (2010): 9801–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-9801-2010.

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Abstract. The resolution of regional chemical/dynamical models has important effects on the calculation of distributions of air pollutants in large cities. In this study, the sensitivity of air pollutants and photochemical O3 production to different model resolutions is studied by using a regional chemical/dynamical model (version 3 of Weather Research and Forecasting Chemical model – WRF-Chemv3) in Mexico City. The model results with 3, 6, 12, and 24 km resolutions are compared to the surface measurements for CO, NOx, and O3. The study shows that the model resolutions with 3 and 6 km have rea
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Song, J., W. Lei, N. Bei, et al. "Ozone response to emission changes: a modeling study during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 6 (2009): 23419–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-23419-2009.

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Abstract. The sensitivity of ozone production to precursor emissions was investigated under five different meteorological conditions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO field campaign using the gridded photochemical model CAMx driven by observation-nudged WRF meteorology. Precursor emissions were constrained by the comprehensive data from the field campaign and the routine ambient air quality monitoring network. Simulated plume mixing and transport were examined by comparing with measurements from the G-1 aircraft during the campaign. The observed concentra
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Song, J., W. Lei, N. Bei, et al. "Ozone response to emission changes: a modeling study during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO Campaign." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 8 (2010): 3827–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-3827-2010.

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Abstract. The sensitivity of ozone production to precursor emissions was investigated under five different meteorological conditions in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during the MCMA-2006/MILAGRO field campaign using the gridded photochemical model CAMx driven by observation-nudged WRF meteorology. Precursor emissions were constrained by the comprehensive data from the field campaign and the routine ambient air quality monitoring network. Simulated plume mixing and transport were examined by comparing with measurements from the G-1 aircraft during the campaign. The observed concentra
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36

Xue, L. K., T. Wang, J. Gao, et al. "Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: precursors, regional transport and heterogeneous processes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 14 (2014): 20767–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-20767-2014.

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Abstract. We analyzed measurements of ozone (O3) and its precursors made at rural/suburban sites downwind of four large Chinese cities – Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Lanzhou, to elucidate their pollution characteristics, regional transport, in situ production, and impacts of heterogeneous processes. The same measurement techniques and observation-based model were used to minimize uncertainties in comparison of the results due to difference in methodologies. All four cities suffered from serious O3 pollution but showed different precursor distributions. The model-calculated in situ O3 produ
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37

Zhang, Kun, Zhiqiang Liu, Xiaojuan Zhang, et al. "Insights into the significant increase in ozone during COVID-19 in a typical urban city of China." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 22, no. 7 (2022): 4853–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-4853-2022.

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Abstract. The outbreak of COVID-19 promoted strict restrictions to human activities in China, which led to a dramatic decrease in most air pollutant concentrations (e.g., PM2.5, PM10, NOx, SO2 and CO). However, an obvious increase in ozone (O3) concentrations was found during the lockdown period in most urban areas of China. In this study, we conducted field measurements targeting ozone and its key precursors by utilizing a novel proton transfer reaction time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PTR-TOF-MS) in Changzhou, which is representative of the Yangtze River Delta (YRD) city cluster of China. W
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Itahashi, Syuichi, Keiya Yumimoto, Itsushi Uno, et al. "A 15-year record (2001–2015) of the ratio of nitrate to non-sea-salt sulfate in precipitation over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 18, no. 4 (2018): 2835–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-18-2835-2018.

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Abstract. Acidifying species in precipitation can have severe impacts on ecosystems. The chemical composition of precipitation is directly related to the amount of precipitation; accordingly, it is difficult to identify long-term variation in chemical concentrations. The ratio of the nitrate (NO3−) to non-sea-salt sulfate (nss-SO42−) concentration in precipitation on an equivalent basis (hereinafter, Ratio) is a useful index to investigate the relative contributions of these acidifying species. To identify the long-term record of acidifying species in precipitation over East Asia, the region w
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Kim, Dongjin, Wonbae Jeon, Jaehyeong Park, et al. "A Numerical Analysis of the Changes in O3 Concentration in a Wildfire Plume." Remote Sensing 14, no. 18 (2022): 4549. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184549.

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This study analyzed the characteristics of changes in O3 concentration in a plume induced by a wildfire in Andong, South Korea, from 24 to 26 April 2020, using the Community Multi-scale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Fire INventory from National Center for Atmospheric Research (FINN) emissions data were used for the wildfire emissions. The increases in the concentrations of primary pollutants (CO, NOx, and volatile organic compounds (VOCs)) due to the wildfire peaked near the source at 09 LST and, as the plume was transported, the reduction in the supply of pollutants from wildfire, as well as chem
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Lei, H., and J. X. L. Wang. "Sensitivities of NO<sub>x</sub> transformation and the effects on surface ozone and nitrate." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 8 (2013): 21961–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-21961-2013.

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Abstract. As precursors for tropospheric ozone and nitrate aerosols, Nitrogen oxides (NOx) in present atmosphere and its transformation in responding to emission and climate perturbations are studied by CAM-Chem model and air quality measurements including National Emission Inventory (NEI), Clean Air Status and Trends Network (CASTNET) and Environmental Protection Agency Air Quality System (EPA AQS). It is found that not only the surface ozone formation but also the nitrate formation is associated with the relative emissions of NOx and volatile organic compounds (VOC). Due to the availability
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Lei, W., B. de Foy, M. Zavala, R. Volkamer, and L. T. Molina. "Characterizing ozone production in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area: a case study using a chemical transport model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 7, no. 5 (2007): 1347–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-7-1347-2007.

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Abstract. An episodic simulation is conducted to characterize midday (12:00–17:00 CDT) ozone (O3) photochemical production and to investigate its sensitivity to emission changes of ozone precursors in the Mexico City Metropolitan Area (MCMA) during an "O3-South" meteorological episode using the Comprehensive Air Quality Model with extensions (CAMx). High Ox (O3+NO2) photochemical production rates of 10–80 ppb/h are predicted due to the high reactivity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in which alkanes, alkenes, and aromatics exert comparable contributions. The predicted ozone production eff
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42

LaFranchi, B. W., G. M. Wolfe, J. A. Thornton, et al. "Closing the peroxy acetyl (PA) radical budget: observations of acyl peroxy nitrates (PAN, PPN, and MPAN) during BEARPEX 2007." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 9, no. 2 (2009): 9879–926. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-9-9879-2009.

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Abstract. Acyl peroxy nitrates (APNs, also known as PANs) are formed from the oxidation of aldehydes and other oxygenated VOC (oVOC) in the presence of NO2. Formation of APNs suppresses NOx (NOx≡NO+NO2) in urban areas and enhances NOx downwind in urban plumes, increasing the rate of ozone production throughout an urban plume. APNs also redistribute NOx on global scales, enhancing NOx and thus ozone production. There are both anthropogenic and biogenic oVOC precursors to APNs, but a detailed evaluation of their chemistry against observations has proven elusive. Here we describe measurements of
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Murphy, J. G., D. A. Day, P. A. Cleary, et al. "The weekend effect within and downwind of Sacramento: Part 2. Observational evidence for chemical and dynamical contributions." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 6, no. 6 (2006): 11971–2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-6-11971-2006.

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Abstract. Observations of day-of-week patterns and diurnal profiles of ozone, volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides are examined to assess the chemical and dynamical factors governing the daytime ozone accumulation and the distribution of chemically related species in Central California. Isoprene observations show that urban OH concentrations are higher on the weekend whereas rural OH concentrations are lower on the weekend, confirming that NOx concentrations have a direct effect on the rate of photochemical ozone production and that the transition from NOx-saturated (VOC-limited) to
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44

Huang, Yaoxian, Shiliang Wu, Louisa J. Kramer, Detlev Helmig, and Richard E. Honrath. "Surface ozone and its precursors at Summit, Greenland: comparison between observations and model simulations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 17, no. 23 (2017): 14661–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-17-14661-2017.

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Abstract. Recent studies have shown significant challenges for atmospheric models to simulate tropospheric ozone (O3) and its precursors in the Arctic. In this study, ground-based data were combined with a global 3-D chemical transport model (GEOS-Chem) to examine the abundance and seasonal variations of O3 and its precursors at Summit, Greenland (72.34° N, 38.29° W; 3212 m a.s.l.). Model simulations for atmospheric nitrogen oxides (NOx), peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN), ethane (C2H6), propane (C3H8), carbon monoxide (CO), and O3 for the period July 2008–June 2010 were compared with observations. T
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Liu, Qi Dong, Su Ping Cui, Hong Xia Guo, Ya Li Wang, and Yun Feng Zhang. "Preparation and Characterization of MnOX-CeO2/TiO2 Catalytic Material for SCR of NOX with NH3 at Low Temperature." Materials Science Forum 743-744 (January 2013): 198–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.743-744.198.

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The MnOX-CeO2/TiO2 catalytic material for low temperature SCR of NOX with NH3 was prepared using aqueous solutions of three manganese salt as well as cerous nitrate and TiO2(anatase) powder by impregnation method. The properties of the catalytic materials were investigated by TG-DSC, XRF, XRD, XPS, BET and SEM. And the low temperature catalytic activity of the catalytic materials was measured. The results showed that, when manganese nitrate and manganese chloride and manganese acetate were used as precursors, respectively, the primary phases of catalytic materials were MnOx/MnO2, MnO2/Mn8O10Cl
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Xue, L. K., T. Wang, J. Gao, et al. "Ground-level ozone in four Chinese cities: precursors, regional transport and heterogeneous processes." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 14, no. 23 (2014): 13175–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-14-13175-2014.

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Abstract. We analyzed the measurements of ozone (O3) and its precursors made at rural/suburban sites downwind of four large Chinese cities – Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou and Lanzhou, to elucidate their pollution characteristics, regional transport, in situ production, and impacts of heterogeneous processes. The same measurement techniques and observation-based model were used to minimize uncertainties in comparison of the results due to difference in methodologies. All four cities suffered from serious O3 pollution but showed different precursor distributions. The model-calculated in situ O3 p
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47

Chang, C. C., M. Shao, C. C. K. Chou, et al. "Biogenic isoprene and implications for oxidant levels in Beijing during the 2008 Olympic Games." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 13, no. 10 (2013): 25939–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-13-25939-2013.

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Abstract. As the host of the 2008 Summer Olympic Games, Beijing implemented a series of stringent, short-term air quality control measures to reduce the emissions of anthropogenic air pollutants. Large reductions in the daily average concentrations of primary pollutants, e.g., non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) of approximately 50% were observed at the air quality observatory of Peking University. Nevertheless, high levels of ozone were present during the control period. Although anthropogenic precursors were greatly reduced, the meteorological conditions in summer, inc
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von Schneidemesser, E., M. Vieno, and P. S. Monks. "The changing oxidizing environment in London – trends in ozone precursors and their contribution to ozone production." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 2 (2014): 1287–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-1287-2014.

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Abstract. Ground-level ozone is recognized to be a threat to human health (WHO, 2003), have a deleterious impact on vegetation (Fowler et al., 2009), is also an important greenhouse gas (IPCC, 2007) and key to the oxidative ability of the atmosphere (Monks et al., 2009). Owing to its harmful effect on health, much policy and mitigation effort has been put into reducing its precursors – the nitrogen oxides (NOx) and non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOCs). The non-linear chemistry of tropospheric ozone formation, dependent mainly on NOx and NMVOC concentrations in the atmosphere, makes
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Yang, Laura Hyesung, Daniel J. Jacob, Ruijun Dang, et al. "Interpreting Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS) geostationary satellite observations of the diurnal variation in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) over East Asia." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 24, no. 12 (2024): 7027–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-24-7027-2024.

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Abstract. Nitrogen oxide radicals (NOx≡NO+NO2) emitted by fuel combustion are important precursors of ozone and particulate matter pollution, and NO2 itself is harmful to public health. The Geostationary Environment Monitoring Spectrometer (GEMS), launched in space in 2020, now provides hourly daytime observations of NO2 columns over East Asia. This diurnal variation offers unique information on the emission and chemistry of NOx, but it needs to be carefully interpreted. Here we investigate the drivers of the diurnal variation in NO2 observed by GEMS during winter and summer over Beijing and S
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Doherty, R. M., D. S. Stevenson, W. J. Collins, and M. G. Sanderson. "Influence of convective transport on tropospheric ozone and its precursors in a chemistry-climate model." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 5, no. 3 (2005): 3747–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-5-3747-2005.

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Abstract. The impact of convection on tropospheric O3 and its precursors has been examined in a coupled chemistry-climate model. There are two ways that convection affects O3. First, convection affects O3 by vertical mixing of O3 itself. Convection lifts lower tropospheric air to regions where the ozone lifetime is longer, whilst mass-balance subsidence mixes O3-rich upper tropospheric (UT) air downwards to regions where the O3 lifetime is shorter. This tends to decrease UT ozone and the overall tropospheric column of O3. Secondly, convection affects O3 by vertical mixing of ozone precursors.
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