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Fitz, Earl E. "“Brazilians are natural comparatists”". Revista Brasileira de Literatura Comparada 24, n.º 45 (abril de 2022): 102–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/2596-304x20222445eef.
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ABSTRACT Comparatism and Brazilian and Hispanic-American literatures. The role of the North American University in the propagation of Latin American literatures. Trends of the recent Brazilian and Hispanic-American literary production. Circulation of Brazilian literature in North America. Afro-descendant writers and American culture.
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Rostagno, Irene. "Waldo Frank's Crusade for Latin American Literature". Americas 46, n.º 1 (julho de 1989): 41–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007393.
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Waldo Frank, who is now forgotten in Latin America, was once the most frequently read and admired North American author there. Though his work is largely neglected in the U.S., he was at one time the leading North American expert on Latin American writing. His name looms large in tracing the careers of Latin American writers in this country before 1940. Long before Franklin D. Roosevelt launched the Good Neighbor policy, Frank brought back to his countrymen news of Latin American culture.Frank went to South America when he was almost forty. The youthful dreams of Frank and his fellow pre-World War I writers and artists to make their country a fit place for cultural renaissance that would change society had waned with the onset of the twenties.1 But they had not completely vanished. Disgruntled by the climate of "normalcy" prevailing in America after World War I, he turned to Latin America. He started out in the Southwest. The remnants of Mexican culture he found in Arizona and New Mexico enticed him to venture further into the Hispanic world. In 1921 he traveled extensively in Spain and in 1929 spent six months exploring Latin America.
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KEVANE, BRIDGET. "The Hispanic Absence in the North American Literary Canon". Journal of American Studies 35, n.º 1 (abril de 2001): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875801006545.
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I recently completed a book of interviews (Latina Self-Portraits: Interviews with Contemporary Women Writers, co-edited with Juanita Heredia, University of New Mexico Press, 2000) with ten of the most prominent Latina writers in the US; Julia Alvarez, Denise Chávez, Sandra Cisneros, Rosario Ferré, Cristina García, Nicholasa Mohr, Cherríe Moraga, Judith Ortiz Cofer, Esmeralda Santiago and Helena María Viramontes. These women, Cuban, Dominican, Mexican and Puerto Rican Americans, raised issues that ranged from the craft of writing to the inherent problems of national identities. The themes generated in our conversations with these women – their doubled ethnic identities, their complicated relationship to their communities, their difficulties in representing their communities and, finally, their work as part of the larger American canon – revealed a powerful discourse about what it means to be Latina American in the United States. After spending two years talking with these women, it is evident to me that Latina literature is a vital part of American literature and should be included in any study of comparative American literatures.
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Prashad, Vijay. "From Multiculture to Polyculture in South Asian American Studies". Diaspora: A Journal of Transnational Studies 8, n.º 2 (setembro de 1999): 185–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/diaspora.8.2.185.
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In 1997, Contours of the Heart: South Asians Map North America won the American Book Award from the Before Columbus Foundation (Maira and Srikanth). This was unexpected, not because of the quality of the book, but principally because of the little attention hitherto given to those who write about the “new immigrants” of the Americas (including South Asians, Filipinos, Southeast Asians, Africans, and West Asians). Prior to 1997, scholars and writers of South Asian America had been known to skulk in the halls of even such marginal events as the Asian American Studies Association and complain about the slight presence of South Asian American panels. That complaint can now be put to rest.
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Londero, Rodolfo Rorato. "O próprio e o alheio em el delirio de turing". Diálogos Latinoamericanos 11, n.º 17 (1 de janeiro de 2010): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/dl.v11i17.113571.
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The objective of this paper is to analyze the novel El delirio deTuring (2003), by Bolivian writer Edmundo Paz Soldán, mainly in itrelationship with the cyberpunk fiction, subgenre of science fiction appearedoriginally in the North American context of 1980's. This relationship appears,at once, in the epigraphs of the work, where a cyberpunk writer (NealStephenson) is quoted: actually, this writer's two works, Snow Crash (1992)and Cryptonomicon (1999), appear as intertexts in El delirio de Turing. ButPaz Soldán, as member of McOndo generation – a globalizated parody ofGarcía Márquez's Macondo –, also maintain an intense dialogue with theirLatin-American antecedents, the writers of magic realism. It is in thatcollision between the own and the alien (Carvalhal), between Latin and NorthAmerican literary references, that we will understand Paz Soldán's work.
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Schillo, Julia, e Mark Turin. "Applications and innovations in typeface design for North American Indigenous languages". Book 2.0 10, n.º 1 (1 de maio de 2020): 71–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/btwo_00021_1.
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In this contribution, we draw attention to prevailing issues that many speakers of Indigenous North American languages face when typing their languages, and identify examples of typefaces that have been developed and harnessed by historically marginalized language communities. We offer an overview of the field of typeface design as it serves endangered and Indigenous languages in North America, and we identify a clear role for typeface designers in creating typefaces tailored to the needs of Indigenous languages and the communities who use them. While cross-platform consistency and reliability are basic requirements that readers and writers of dominant world languages rightly take for granted, they are still only sporadically implemented for Indigenous languages whose speakers and writing systems have been subjected to sustained oppression and marginalization. We see considerable innovation and promise in this field, and are encouraged by collaborations between type designers and members of Indigenous communities. Our goal is to identify enduring challenges and draw attention to positive innovations, applications and grounds for hope in the development of typefaces by and with speakers and writers of Indigenous languages in North America.
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Hashem, Mazen. "Muslim Families in North America". American Journal of Islam and Society 10, n.º 3 (1 de outubro de 1993): 415–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v10i3.2498.
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The writers contributing their researaches to this book deal with anare8 that has not yet been adequately studied. Most of the litemhue onMuslims is historically or politically oriented and views immigrant Muslimsin North America as extensions of their homelands, in particular theMiddle East. This book discusses Muslim families as part of the pluralsticand ever-changjng social fabric of the United States and Canada. Thefamilies of African-American Muslims and Muslim converts are notstudied. We are going to present our critique chapter by chapter.Muslim Normative 'I).aditions and the North American Environment(Sharon Mclrvin Abu-Laban).The clear and workable typology of Muslim immigrant families presentedhere points out major social patterns and links to Islam. They aredivided into three cohorts based on "the dynamic interaction between socialconditions and group characteristics" @. 7): pioneer (nineteenth centuryto WWII); transitional (post-WWII to 1967); and differential (1968to ptesent). Different generations within each cohort are exarnined.African-American Muslims are excluded, as their case is unique.The fitst cohort lived in an era of total conformity to a socioculturalmilieu dominated by the English language and Christianity. This cohort'ssecond generation assumed a more conformist role due to its disadvantagedsocial status, distance from its original home and culture, and lackof financial resou~easn d ethnic institutions. Intermarriagew ith the widersociety was high. Ironically, all of this "generated the particular disdainof the newest Muslim immigrants," who arrived after 1976 @. 18).The transitional cohort consists mainly of foreign students from wellestablishedindigenous elite families who had been Europeanized beforetheir arrival. As a postcolonial generation, they saw nationalism, not religion,as a valuable means for development and social change. They intermarriedwith North Americans at a higher rate than their predecessors.The second generation of this cohort, along with the third generation ofthe pioneers, experienced the most discrimination and media stereotyping ...
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Van Delden, Maarten. "Carlos Fuentes, Mexico, and the United States". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, n.º 3 (maio de 2013): 723–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/s0030812900123041.
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The United States looms large in the Latin American literary imagination. From Domingo Sarmiento and José Martí in the nineteenth century to Octavio Paz and Alberto Fuguet in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries, many Latin American writers have depicted the United States in their writings and pondered the cultural and historical significance of their powerful neighbor to the north. But perhaps no Latin American writer has had as close—and complicated—a relationship with the United States as Carlos Fuentes. Fuentes was a fierce critic of American culture and United States foreign policy; at the same time, there was much that he admired about the United States, and it was clear that he was eager to have his voice heard here.
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Carstairs, Catherine. "Defining Whiteness: Race, Class, and Gender Perspectives in North American History". International Labor and Working-Class History 60 (outubro de 2001): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547901214525.
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African-American writers such as W. E. B. Du Bois, James Baldwin, and Ida B. Wells have regarded “whiteness” as a problem for a long time. However, it is only fairly recently that white historians have taken seriously the importance of de-naturalizing “whiteness,” and critically examining its privileges. “Defining Whiteness: Race, Class, and Gender Perspectives in North American History,” was sponsored by the University of Toronto and York History Departments, the Centre for the Study of the United States, and the Centre for Ethnic and Pluralism Studies at the University of Toronto, with the cooperation of International Labor and Working-Class History and the Canadian Committee on Labour History and its journal Labour/Le Travail. Conference organizers invited several leading American scholars of “whiteness” to Toronto, where they, along with a number of Canadian scholars, presented papers on the ways that whiteness has been constructed in North America. The conference contained much to interest labor historians and those interested in class/race/gender analytical frameworks.
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Harris, Richard. "A Portrait of North American Urban Historians". Journal of Urban History 45, n.º 6 (21 de setembro de 2018): 1237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218801598.
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A survey of members of the Urban History Association (UHA) undertaken in March 2017 provides information about the character, views, and prospects of urban history in North America. Most UHA members are professional historians. Their age profile is balanced; women and minorities are underrepresented, though their age profile indicates that members will become more diverse. They are researching cities around the world, but focus mainly on the larger U.S. cities. Thematically, their main interests are in planning/design, race/ethnicity, politics, and housing, in that order. Most situate their work on U.S. cities within a national frame of reference; only half believe that there is something distinctively urban about cities. Those who do tend to highlight social, political, and cultural, as opposed to economic, effects. Their intellectual influences are primarily other urban historians rather than more theoretically oriented writers.
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Saramo, Samira. ""I have such sad news": Loss in Finnish North American Letters". European Journal of Life Writing 7 (30 de maio de 2018): 53–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5463/ejlw.7.235.
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Life writing has been an important tool for people to work through loss in their lives. In the context of twentieth-century migration, word of death and shared mourning occurred primarily through letters in the international post. Focusing on letters written by Finnish immigrants in the United States and Canada from the 1940s–1960s, this article analyzes some of the ways that letter writing has been used to address death and loss. Positioning personal letters within the broader field of life writing, this work examines how both loss and life writing often trigger a re/defining of the self, addressed in multiple and ambiguous ways by individual mourner/writers. In its unsettling of life, feelings, and connections, loss is a rupture of the self. By narrating their life, writers create personal chronologies, position themselves in places and communities, and declare their values. The life writing of Finnish North Americans provides windows into the difficult work of trying to assign meaning to meaning-defying loss.
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Loucky, James, e Alan LeBaron. "Introduction: Mesoamerican/North American Partnerships for Community Wellbeing". Practicing Anthropology 34, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2012): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/praa.34.1.42qt1153h165vg38.
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Margaret Mead was fond of saying that when speaking about another culture, it would be wise to imagine that someone from that culture was standing next to us. That advice is a good metaphor for what has in fact happened. Global technological and educational advances have brought both readers and writers into what used to be a closed purview of outside "experts." Today discourse across the north-south divide entails challenges to neocolonial approaches and assertions of rights—not only to basic resources and life chances, but also to describe as well as to determine roles, responsibilities, and eventual realities. Growing opportunities for collaboration are evident in a diverse array of cross-cultural partnerships, participatory action research, and community-based development models.
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Leal, Luis. "Sin fronteras: (Des) mitificación en las letras norteamericanas y mexicanas". Mexican Studies/Estudios Mexicanos 9, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 1993): 95–118. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1052102.
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This article examines the presence of myths in the works of North American and Mexican authors, showing how they affect Mexico/United States relations. Some attention is given to myth creation by Chicano writers and also the process of desmythification.
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Colen, Kerryn, e Roslyn Petelin. "Challenges in collaborative writing in the contemporary corporation". Corporate Communications: An International Journal 9, n.º 2 (1 de junho de 2004): 136–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13563280410534339.
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Collaborative writing is pervasive in the contemporary corporate workplace. North American research reports that nine out of ten business professionals produce some of their documents as part of a team. As workplace writers seek to meet the business goals of their employers, and further their own careers, they require sophisticated skills in joining with other writers to collaboratively produce documents. Taking advantage of the benefits, and meeting the challenges of this demand, requires corporate and academic communities to collaborate: to address gaps in the knowledge about collaborative writing and to train and develop competent collaborative writers.
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Mcshane, Clay. "The State of the Art in North American Urban History". Journal of Urban History 32, n.º 4 (maio de 2006): 582–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144205284159.
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This article attempts to determine the state of the art in American urban history by looking at 1) the frequency with which books are used in syllabi, 2) the contents of the Journal of Urban History for the last five years, 3) the topics of books awarded prizes by the Urban History Association, and 4) the number of libraries that hold copies of the leading books in the field. The conclusions note a loss of influence by such writers as Mumford, Caro, and Warner, a continuation of the emphasis on narrow, modern time periods, and a general decline in the importance of the field. Comments by Timothy Gilfoyle and Carl Abbott contest the latter conclusion.
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Messmer, Marietta. "Toward a Declaration of Interdependence; or, Interrogating the Boundaries in Twentieth-Century Histories of North American Literature". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 118, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2003): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081203x59531.
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The instrumentalization of nineteenth-century literary historiography in the project of literary and cultural nation building has become a critical commonplace, as Claudio Guillén (6) and David Perkins (4), among many others, have outlined. Beginning with John Neal's American Writers (1824–25), nineteenth-century histories of North American literature emphatically embraced this nationalist paradigm, striving to identify and defend the “American” qualities in America's newly emergent national literature. But when called on, at the beginning of the twentieth century, to justify the establishment of American literature departments in universities across the country, literary histories were, especially during the 1920s and 1930s, under even greater pressure to prove the extent to which American literature is indeed American (Vanderbilt 186–91). Although the rise of New Criticism and the influence of Russian formalism after World War II saw a temporary setback to American historiographical nationalism (Spengemann, Mirror 154), the subsequent institutionalization of American studies took place in the context of the cold war, and the 1960s, in particular, brought a renewed emphasis on the (for the most part nationally oriented) sociopolitical and historical contextualization of American literature. And even the shift to intra-American cultural pluralism in the wake of trans- and subnational challenges to traditional notions of the nation-state throughout the past few decades has all too frequently been accompanied by renewed attempts to establish a revised version of historiographical nationalism.
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Hernández-Banuchi, Alberto. "Gonzalo Núñez, Rubén Darío y el manuscrito Los arcanos de la música". (an)ecdótica 5, n.º 1 (29 de janeiro de 2021): 31–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.19130/iifl.anec.2021.5.1.19783.
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We examine the history and circumstance in the life of Puerto Rican composer Gonzalo Núñez (1850-1915) during the period from 1900 to 1903. During his second sojourn in Paris he maintained a close personal relationship with Rubén Darío and Amado Nervo, joined by other poets, writers and artists. An extensive on-site research work, conducted in various European, North American and Caribbean libraries and archives, permitted us to gather documentation about the nomadic life of the musician in Cuba, Mexico, Puerto Rico, Europe and North America. We show that Núñez’s unpublished manuscript Los arcanos de la música, housed in the Archive of Music and Sound of Puerto Rico, is the main source of two important articles by Rubén Darío.
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Meredith, Howard, e Joseph Bruchac. "Returning the Gift: Poetry and Prose from the First North American Native Writers' Festival". World Literature Today 69, n.º 2 (1995): 410. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/40151310.
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ALLEN, DEBORAH. "Acquiring “Knowledge of Our Own Continent”: Geopolitics, Science, and Jeffersonian Geography, 1783–1803". Journal of American Studies 40, n.º 2 (27 de julho de 2006): 205–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875806001356.
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In his role as a promoter of scientific exploration of North America, Thomas Jefferson shared with Jedidiah Morse, considered by many to be the father of American geography, the patriotic desire to counteract misinformation furnished by “imperfect and erroneous sketches” describing the continent's geography by European writers. Yet his interest in the science of geography was also motivated by a concern with America's self-image in the realm of international politics, learning, and commerce. In the summer of 1802 Jefferson was prompted to send an exploring party to North America's westernmost territories in response to reading Voyages from Montreal, Alexander Mackenzie's account of his voyages across the continent to its northwest coast. At the end of his narrative, the Scottish explorer had encouraged Britain's control of a region that, if certain natural obstacles were overcome, might supply fur and fish to “the markets of the four quarters of the globe,” and proposed a line of fortified posts to be established to maintain the British Empire's presence from Lake Winnipeg to the Pacific. Jefferson understood that such action would obstruct America's westward expansion, block Russian advances from Alaska, and thus make possible a British dominion linking two great oceans. Edward Thornton, the British minister to the United States, would later observe that Mackenzie's discoveries had provoked the American President, who in 1803 was also the president of the American Philosophical Society, to concretize his dream “to set on foot an expedition entirely of a scientific nature for exploring the Western continent of America,” and that he was, furthermore, “ambitious in his character of a man of letters and science, of distinguishing his Presidency by a discovery” of a route to the Pacific Ocean by way of the Missouri, “now the only one left to his enterprise, the Northern Communication having been so ably explored and ascertained by Sir Alexander Mackenzie's journeys.
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Rahn, Jay. ""Chinese Harmony" and Contemporary Non-Tonal Music Theory". Canadian University Music Review 19, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2013): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014452ar.
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Twentieth-century Chinese theorists and composers have developed a distinctively indigenous approach to harmony, based in part on earlier pentatonic traditions. Mixed as it is with conventions of diatonic and chromatic harmony imported from Europe and North America, the resulting "Chinese harmony" poses music-theoretical problems of coordinating diatonic and pentatonic scales, and tertial and quartal chords. A survey of Chinese harmony as expounded by Kang Ou shows these difficulties to be theoretically intractable within solely Chinese or Euro-American frameworks, but soluble through recent formulations in atonal—or more appropriately, non-tonal-theory, as advanced by such writers as John Clough.
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Naramore, Sarah E. "Making Endemic Goiter an American Disease, 1800-1820". Journal of the History of Medicine and Allied Sciences 76, n.º 3 (21 de junho de 2021): 239–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhmas/jrab018.
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Abstract In 1800, American physician and naturalist Benjamin Smith Barton (1766-1815) published A Memoir Concerning the Disease of Goitre as it Prevails in Different Parts of North-America. The text documented the nature of the disease in the United States and highlighted how it differed from the ailment’s presentation in European patients. While medical topographies were common during this period, Barton’s goiter research and the steady stream of American goiter research that followed are worth special attention. This body of literature demonstrates how American physicians understood their relationship to transnational medical discussions and the unique perspective they brought to them. Goiter literature was common in European medical and travel writing during this period and intensely focused on the appearance of the disease in the mountains of Switzerland and Northern Italy. American goiter by its very appearance in non-mountainous regions of the United States contradicted nearly all of the received wisdom about the ailment’s cause and potential cure. For two decades, American writers leveraged their own observations and local knowledge to challenge larger narratives in their field.
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Aires, Marcele. "“All art is political”: John Keene’s Black historical resistance in Counternarratives". Em Tese 26, n.º 2 (18 de março de 2021): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17851/1982-0739.26.2.95-112.
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ABSTRACT: This article deals with the engaged writing of prose writer, poet, translator, and Professor John Keene. The Black North-American author clashes of political struggles, for he seeks to rewrite history as a literary witness, bringing assessments, evaluations, and social issues of the bygone ages – and their following outcome in the present. Keene’s historical approach and critical attitude uphold the line in his awarded short stories, Counternarratives, published by New Directions in 2015. Concerns about canon, rewriting history, Afro-descendent voice, and resistance will be approached, backed by writers and researchers such as Fanon (1963), Spriggs (1965), Baraka (1969), T’Shaka (2012), among others. KEY WORDS: John Keene; Counternarratives; resistance; rewriting history.
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Paul, David C. "Consensus and Crisis in American Classical Music Historiography from 1890 to 1950". Journal of Musicology 33, n.º 2 (2016): 200–231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/jm.2016.33.2.200.
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In the late nineteenth century American publishers began to answer a burgeoning demand for histories of classical music. Although some of the authors they contracted are well-known to scholars of music in the United States—most notably Edward MacDowell and John Knowles Paine—the books themselves have been neglected. The reason is that these histories are almost exclusively concerned with the European musical past; the United States is a marginal presence in their narratives. But much can be learned about American musical culture by looking more closely at the historiographical practices employed in these histories and the changes that took place in the books that succeeded them in the first half of the twentieth century. In particular, they shed light on the shifting transatlantic connections that shaped American attitudes toward classical music. Marked at first by an Anglo-American consensus bolstered by the social evolutionary theory of prominent Victorians, American classical music histories came to be variegated, a result of the influence of Central European émigrés who fled Hitler’s Germany and settled in North America. The most dramatic part of this transformation pertains to American attitudes toward the link between music and modernity. A case study, the American reception of Gustav Mahler, reveals why Americans began to see signs of cultural decline in classical music only in the 1930s, despite the precedent set by many pessimistic fin-de-siècle European writers.
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Orr, R. William, e Richard H. Fluegeman. "Notice of transfer of figured specimens of North American Devonian cyclocystoids". Journal of Paleontology 67, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1993): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000021296.
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In 1990 (Fluegeman and Orr) the writers published a short study on known North American cyclocystoids. This enigmatic group is best represented in the United States Devonian by only two specimens, both illustrated in the 1990 report. Previously, the Cortland, New York, specimen initially described by Heaslip (1969) was housed at State University College at Cortland, New York, and the Logansport, Indiana, specimen was housed at Ball State University, Muncie, Indiana. Both institutions recognize the importance of permanently placing these rare specimens in a proper paleontologic repository with other cyclocystoids. Therefore, these two specimens have been transferred to the curated paleontologic collection at the University of Cincinnati Geological Museum where they can be readily studied by future workers in association with a good assemblage of Ordovician specimens of the Cyclocystoidea.
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Riley, Krista. "American Muslim Women, Religious Authority, and Activism". American Journal of Islam and Society 31, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2014): 100–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v31i1.1022.
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In American Muslim Women, Religious Authority, and Activism: More Than aPrayer, Juliane Hammer traces recent conversations around gender and religionwithin American Muslim communities. Taking as a starting point the mixedgenderFriday prayer led by Amina Wadud in 2005, the author examines howquestions of gendered religious authority have been negotiated through interpretationsof scripture and religious laws, challenges to constructions of traditionand community, contestations surrounding prayer spaces, and representationsof Muslim women in the media and autobiographical narratives.100 The American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences 31:1The result is a valuable and insightful mapping of some of the majorscholars, activists, and public figures engaged in work related to women, gender,and Islam in North America. Based on an analysis of texts produced byfemale American Muslim scholars and writers since the 1980s and especiallywithin the past decade, the book highlights women’s contributions to debatesaround women-led prayer, Qur’anic interpretations, women’s spaces inmosques, and women’s leadership within Muslim communities, among otherissues. Hammer acknowledges that of many of the texts she studies have a“progressive” leaning, but frames this as itself a research finding that reflectsthe perspectives and voices most likely to be published or otherwise highlightedwithin an American context ...
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Moody, Joycelyn K., e Carla L. Peterson. ""Doers of the Word": African-American Women Speakers and Writers in the North (1830-1880)". Tulsa Studies in Women's Literature 15, n.º 2 (1996): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/464142.
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Costanzo, Angelo, e Carla L. Peterson. ""Doers of the Word": African-American Women Speakers and Writers in the North (1830-1880)." American Literature 68, n.º 2 (junho de 1996): 474. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2928317.
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Baym, Nina, e Carla L. Peterson. ""Doers of the Word": African-American Women Speakers and Writers in the North (1830-1880)." African American Review 31, n.º 2 (1997): 333. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3042479.
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Bush, H. K. ""Doers of the Word": African-American Women Speakers and Writers in the North (1830-1880)". Modern Language Quarterly 58, n.º 3 (1 de janeiro de 1997): 356–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00267929-58-3-356.
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Robbins, Sarah. ""Doers of the Word": African-American Women Speakers and Writers in the North (1830-1880)". Studies in American Fiction 24, n.º 2 (1996): 238–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/saf.1996.0001.
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Yamada, Kyoko. "What prevents ESL/EFL writers from avoiding plagiarism?: Analyses of 10 North-American college websites". System 31, n.º 2 (junho de 2003): 247–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0346-251x(03)00023-x.
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Fosbury, Timothy L. "Bermuda’s Persistent Futures". American Literary History 32, n.º 1 (4 de dezembro de 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/alh/ajz049.
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Abstract “Bermuda’s Persistent Futures” recovers Bermuda’s significance to the development of the settler colonial imaginations of early America. Following the 1609 wreck of the Sea Venture that began its settlement, English settlers insisted that Bermuda’s apparent lack of any previous Indigenous population, Spanish failures to account for its potential, and its proximity to England, North America, and the West Indies all made the 20-square-mile archipelago an anomalous and exceptional plantation in an emerging colonial system. Writers and officials seized upon Bermuda’s perceived uniqueness to position it as an isolated, vacant laboratory perfectly suited for uncovering what they believed had been waiting to be discovered—an America that was natural to England. Bermuda, in this sense, inspired a corpus of colonial fantasies about the hemisphere’s futures under a permanent English presence that was previously unimaginable to colonial writers. This essay focuses on Richard Norwood’s The Description of the Sommer Ilands, Once Called the Bermudas (1622–23) and J. Hector St. John de Crèvecoeur’s Lettres d’un cultivateur amèricain (1784) to reconstruct a Bermuda that persistently appeared to lead the way for the futures of American settlement.
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IBER, PATRICK. "The Cold War Politics of Literature and the Centro Mexicano de Escritores". Journal of Latin American Studies 48, n.º 2 (11 de dezembro de 2015): 247–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x15001492.
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AbstractThis article describes the relationship of the Centro Mexicano de Escritores, Mexico's most important writing centre in the second half of the twentieth century, to the US foundations that funded it. The Centre was founded by a North American writer, Margaret Shedd, with the financial support of the Rockefeller Foundation. The Rockefeller Foundation understood the Centre as a ‘Pan-American’ effort to improve relations between the United States and Mexico by bringing its writers closer together. Later, there were also contributions from two CIA fronts, the Farfield Foundation and the Congress for Cultural Freedom, to the Centre and its star graduate, Juan Rulfo. However, this article argues that none of the US foundations realised the ambitions that they had for the Centre. Through a process of ‘Mexicanised Americanisation', a project that had elements of Yankee cultural imperialism produced instead one of the world's finest writing centres, but without any clear political benefit for the United States.
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Ivanov, Nikolai. "Public Opinion of Russia and Latin America in Relation to the USA (Late 19th — Early 20th Centuries)". ISTORIYA 13, n.º 7 (117) (2022): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840022006-5.
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The article analyses the formation of the ideology of anti-Americanism in Russia in the late 19th — early 20th centuries on the example of the heritage of famous Russian writers and publicists. Their works denounced the pragmatism, lack of spirituality, utilitarianism and pursuit of profit characteristic of Americans. The author argues with researchers who consider this criticism of the United States in Russia a unique phenomenon inherent only to the Russian people with their “innate xenophobia”. The most convincing argument is the comparison with the phenomenon of anti-Americanism in Latin America, where nations were created by European immigrants who, by definition, could not preach intolerance to foreigners. Nevertheless, in the public opinion of the continent by the end of the 19th — beginning of the 20th centuries, there was a persistent negative attitude towards the United States. It is very important that in the works of the main ideologists of anti-Americanism in Latin America (J. Martí, J. E. Rodó, R. Darío, A. Reyes etс.) we see the same rejection of North American pragmatism, utilitarianism, colonialism, expansionism and racism as in Russia.
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Khawaja, Mabel. "Islam and Arabs in Early American Thought". American Journal of Islam and Society 9, n.º 4 (1 de janeiro de 1992): 570–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v9i4.2544.
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The introduction to this book credits the author with clarifying theoperative attitudes of Americans towards Islam by looking at the causeand result of the Muslim image in American literature. However, regretis expressed that Sha'ban had to be heroically selective about a subjectradiating in many rich directions. Apparently, the book offers fresh insightsand new possibilities for exploration and discovery, therebycontributing significantly to the enhancement of a literary tradition thatcame to the forefront with Said's Orientalism. Sha'ban studies orientalismin tenns of America's exposure to and understanding of Islam by focusingon Muslims of nineteenth-century North Africa and the Middle East.Even though the book's thrust is political, Sha 'ban challenges the readerto review familiar American writers and trends from an unfamiliar perspectiveas he traces the historically biased approach of Americans intheir dealings with the Muslim world.In chapter one, “A Place for My People,“ the author explains howAmerica’s Puritan beginnings shaped its self-image and its attitude towads“the Arab world, its people and land.” The Pilgrims saw themselvesas the chosen people in a promised land. Under the umbrella of aprovidential plan and the divine covenant, they were heirs to the kingdomof God in the new world and therefore shared a common responsibilityto execute the divine mission. Unlike European monamhs who relied onreligion for personal privilege (i.e., the Divine Right theory), Puritansshifted away from emphasizing the personal and private aspects of Christianityto its communal or corporate nature. They constantly endorsedtheir national responsibility to share the benefits of their chosen status ascitizens of God’s kingdom with the rest of the world ...
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Isaxanli, Hamlet. "Braveman Koroghlu and Translation of Epic as a Factor of Cross-lingual and Cross-cultural Transfers". Khazar Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences 25, n.º 3 (novembro de 2022): 81–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.5782/2223-2621.2022.25.3.81.
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Koroghlu Dastani (The Epic of Koroghlu), common heroic epic of the Turkic peoples, was firstly recorded and then translated into English by Alexander Chodźko in 1834. It became popular in Europe and during short time translated into different languages, such as French, German and Russian. Romantic Koroghlu character inspired writers, such as George Sand and Henry Longfellow. Koroghlu Dastani travelled through the languages and cultures, and following the USA after Europe, Longfellow wrote the poem named The Leap of Roushan Beg based on the motives of Koroghlu Dastani. Two American composers wrote music (ballads) to this poem. Firstly, this poem of Longfellow, then in modern time Koroghlu Dastani itself published by Chodźko in English were translated back into Azerbaijani language. This article put under close scrutiny the Koroghlu Dastani, studying thoroughly how this epic turned to be the source of inspiration in Europe and North America for writers and composers; and triggered translation activities into English, French, Russian, and Azerbaijani languages and further considers its contribution to cultural transfers.
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Laden, Osama Bin. "Til amerikanerne: I Guds, den Nåderike, den Barmhjertiges navn." K&K - Kultur og Klasse 36, n.º 105 (22 de agosto de 2008): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/kok.v36i105.22038.
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To the Americans:In this letter from 2002 Osama Bin Laden replies to unidentified American writers explaining why al-Qaeda is justified in attacking North American targets. The letter poses two questions: What are we fighting for? and What are we calling you to do, and what do we want from you? According to Bin Laden al-Qaeda is engaged in a fight responding to decades of Western aggression. Bin Laden presents a detailed account of the misdeeds that the United States are responsible for in the Middle East and in Afghanistan. The letter also denounces North American society as characterised by usury, debauchery, gambling, prostitution and environmental destruction. Finally Bin Laden provides the reader with a series of examples connected to the ‘war on terror’ where the United States does not live up to its own rhetoric: the detention of prisoners at Guantanamo, the suspension of civil liberties in the Patriot Act and the rejection of the Kyoto Accords.
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Ebrahimian, Mojtaba. "After the American Century". American Journal of Islam and Society 33, n.º 3 (1 de julho de 2016): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35632/ajis.v33i3.926.
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Brian T. Edwards’ book boasts of an insightful interdisciplinary approach thatdraws upon his expertise in anthropology, literary and cultural studies, Americanstudies, and Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) studies. His approachand overall argument can benefit both the specialists in these disciplinesand the non-academic audience interested in the MENA region’s contemporarycultural history and connection to the United States’ international cultural politics.Edwards introduces two principal concepts to formulate his arguments:the “ends of circulation” and “jumping publics.” In his view, the former describes“new contexts for American texts” and the latter explicates “the wayculture moves through the world in the digital age” (p. 27).He offers four reasons why the circulation of cultural products “acrossborders and publics” is important to the contemporary American audience.
First, “The U.S. Department of State has invested time and funding in propagatingthe circulation of American culture.” Second, “American media venueshave a continuing interest in this topic, whether in the coverage of theEgyptian revolution or in the popular fascination with books such as ReadingLolita in Tehran (2003) that depict Americans or American culture displacedin the Middle East.” Third, many “popular and influential writers,” including“the developmentalist Daniel Lerner in the 1950s to Thomas Friedman in the1990s and 2000s to media studies journalist Clay Shirky, assume a technocentricor cyberutopian determinism,” and thus consider “access to newtechnologies and media” and “modernization and freedom” inevitably intertwined.And fourth, “In the fields of American literary studies and comparativeliterature, the ways in which the American culture and literature aretaken up around the world puts pressure on the ways of doing things in thosedisciplines” (p. 16) ...
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Runquist, Mark. "The Rhetoric of Geology: Ethos in the Writing of North American Geologists, 1823–1988". Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 22, n.º 4 (outubro de 1992): 387–404. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/x6xv-rdnp-8upb-k1f0.
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This analysis is a specific study that investigates the role ethos plays in the scientific papers of American glacial geologists. Five articles, spanning the time period 1839–1988, a time period which saw the tentative beginnings, development, and maturation of glacial research and theory, were analyzed to determine the rhetorical strategies the writers used to establish their particular research and writing as being good science worthy of recognition and acceptance by their communities of glacial geologists. Early articles were written to portray the author's notion of good science as a strict attention to personal observation and analogy. Articles in the middle period continued to stress personal observation, but also appealed to the observations of other workers. The most contemporary articles favored quantified relationships and precise measurement.
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WILSON, ANDREW. "Pentagon Pictures: The Civil Divide in Norman Mailer's The Armies of the Night". Journal of American Studies 44, n.º 4 (30 de março de 2010): 725–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875809991319.
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This paper focusses on Norman Mailer's treatment of the 1967 March on the Pentagon in his Pulitzer Prize-winning work of non-fiction The Armies of the Night. The visual and linguistic properties developed by the author throughout the first book of The Armies of the Night are identified and assessed in relation to the anti-war movements and counterculture temperament of the 1960s. Comparisons are made with post-war writers and earlier North American authors as a means of clarifying “American” aspects of Mailer's handling of his material. Mailer's journalistic techniques, his often spontaneous and engaged responses, are also defined within the context of the social conflicts of the late 1960s.
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KOVTUN, Elena. "SLAVIC SCIENCE FICTION AND FANTASY IN INTERFACULTY COURSES AT LOMONOSOV MOSCOW STATE UNIVERSITY (2013-2020)". Ezikov Svyat volume 20 issue 3, ezs.swu.v20i3 (20 de outubro de 2022): 422–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37708/ezs.swu.bg.v20i3.13.
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The article shares the author’s experience of teaching interfaculty science fiction (sci-fi) and fantasy lecture courses at Lomono-sov Moscow State University, attended by students of all departments. In the period between 2013 and 2020 six such courses were taught, the number of students varying from 250 to 450 each. The courses comprised sci-fi and fantasy theory, sci-fi and fantasy status among other types of fiction narratives, the main stages of Russian and foreign sci-fi and fantasy history, the creative activity of outstanding sci-fi and fantasy writers of the 20th and 21st centuries. Apart from the Russian, West European and North American writers, works by East European (Slavic) authors were thoroughly examined. The article contains neat observations on the degree of Slavic sci-fi and fantasy writers’ popularity among young Russian readers and on the most inter-esting fiction texts for students. The data obtained through the analysis of the students’ assignments comprise their answers to the questions about their favorite sci-fi writers and books lists, on the reasons of certain fantastic worlds’ attractiveness, on their preferences in sci-fi or fantasy. The article also clarifies the principles of writers and their works selection for the lecture cours-es, it characterizes the creative activity of Slavic writers and reveals the interrelation between Slavic writers’ fiction works and the general scope of problems discussed at interfaculty sci-fi lecture courses. Taking into account the students’ interest in works by Karel Čapek, Stanislaw Lem, Andrzej Sapkowski and other Slavic authors, we suggest some ideas about the potential structure of a specialized lecture course focusing on science fiction and fantasy in Slavic countries.
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Costantini, Filippo. "The LATAM’s Laozi: The Reception and Interpretations of the Laozi in Latin America". Religions 13, n.º 10 (10 de outubro de 2022): 952. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13100952.
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The Laozi has a long and variegated exegetical history inside and outside of China. This history shows the flexibility of a text that is always able to transform and adapt to the specific cultural context and historical period in which it emerges. Due to the expansion of Orientalism among Latin American intellectuals at the beginning of the 20th century, the Laozi, among other texts, began to propagate, producing a series of translations and original interpretations of the text. These works are the products of several Latin American writers who engaged with the Laozi mainly through the mediation of European and North American interpretations. From these cross-cultural interactions emerged some original interpretations and translations that created different ways of reading the Laozi. In this paper, I outline the major characteristics of the Laozi’s translations and interpretations in Latin America’s sub-regions. I draw a tentative sketch of what could be defined as the Latin American Laozi’s experience, better called the LATAM’s Laozi.
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Sokoloff, Naomi. "Introduction: American Jewish Writing Today". AJS Review 30, n.º 2 (27 de outubro de 2006): 227–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0364009406000109.
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This is an exciting time for North American Jewish literature. In the past ten years, there has been an explosion of writing by new and established authors. In the field of fiction alone, the shelves have filled with titles by such fine talent as Pearl Abraham, Melvin Jules Bukiet, Michael Chabon, Nathan Englander, Myla Goldberg, Ehud Havatzelet, Dara Horn, Jonathan Safran Foer, Joan Leegant, Tova Mirvis, Jon Papernick, Jonathan Rosen, Aryeh Lev Stollman, and many others, as well as new works by veteran writers such as Allegra Goodman, Thane Rosenbaum, and Steve Stern. Add to these names the preeminent Cynthia Ozick, and don’t forget Philip Roth, whose productivity continues unabated and whose latest novels include some of his strongest work ever. A variety of striking themes has come to the fore in this new wave of literary creativity. Notable trends include an unprecedented attention to religion (especially Orthodox Jewish life); a fascination with women’s lives and with questions of gender and sexual orientation; a concern with the experiences of the second and succeeding generations of the Holocaust; a nostalgia for and rediscovery of the old country; a consideration of new Americans in the 1980s and 1990s; and a rethinking of what it means to be a Jew in Israel and in the Diaspora.
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Ramos, Donald. "Community, Control and Acculturation: A Case Study of Slavery in Eighteenth Century Brazil". Americas 42, n.º 4 (abril de 1986): 419–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1007059.
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Interest in the nature of Brazilian slavery has increased dramatically during the last ten years. In part this interest has been stimulated by the desire of North American social scientists to examine what was initially viewed to be the striking differences between patterns of race relations and slavery as they developed in the United States and Brazil. Among Brazilians the interest in slavery is older, beginning as an aspect of the larger evolution of cultural nationalism which sought to demonstrate the unique nature of the Brazilian solution to a multiracial society. Among both North American and Brazilian writers the initial tendency was to emphasize the more “humane” nature of slavery in Brazil. This was attributed to a number of factors of which the Portuguese concept of the slave as a human being based on cultural and religious traits was paramount. Increasingly this view has been subjected to intense criticism and recent works have focused on the harshness of Brazilian slavery and have sought to stress the similarities between the two systems.
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Pearson, Richard. "The social context of early pottery in the Lingnan region of south China". Antiquity 79, n.º 306 (dezembro de 2005): 819–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003598x00114954.
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Late Pleistocene and early post-Pleistocene communities in East Asia experimented with pottery production and the domestication of plants and animals. What was the nature of the social organisation of these early small-scale societies? Some North American writers consider pottery making to be a ‘prestige technology’ sponsored by aggrandising individuals. However, examples from south of the Nanling Mountains and other areas have simple tool assemblages and site plans showing very little evidence of social differences. Judging from recent debates about social agency, there are more appropriate explanations for the earliest pottery making, which focus on the collective rather than the individual.
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Breen, Deborah. "Contingency and Constraint". Transfers 5, n.º 3 (1 de dezembro de 2015): 142–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2015.050312.
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Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) 11 West 53rd Street, New York, NY 10019 http://www.moma.org/interactives/exhibitions/2015/onewayticket/ Admission: USD 25/18/14 “I pick up my life, / And take it with me, / And I put it down in Chicago, Detroit, / Buff alo, Scranton, / Any place that is / North and East, / And not Dixie.” Th ese are the opening lines from “One-Way Ticket,” by African-American poet, Langston Hughes (1902–1967). Th e poem provides the emotional and historical core of the “Migration” paintings by Jacob Lawrence (1917–2000), a series that depicts the extraordinary internal migration of African Americans in the twentieth century. Not coincidentally, the poem also provides the title of the current exhibition of the sixty paintings in Lawrence’s series, on display at MoMA, New York, from 3 April to 7 September 2015.1 Shown together for the first time in over twenty years, the paintings are surrounded by works that provide context for the “great migration”: additional paintings by Lawrence, as well as paintings, drawings, photographs, texts, and musical recordings by other African-American artists, writers, and performers of the early to mid-twentieth century.
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Woodsmall, ZoraAnn, e Sara Hare. "Gender Through the Lens of Children’s Films". Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal 9, n.º 9 (10 de setembro de 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.14738/assrj.99.13026.
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This content analysis study sheds light on the gender inequality in popular children’s animated films. The dataset uses the North American theater grosses to rank the most popular 150 animated children’s films from 1990-2020. We found multiple patterns of gender inequality related to speaking roles, lead characters, physical portrayals, social roles, interpersonal relationships, and even the creators of the films. Male characters had three times as many speaking roles as female characters and had the lead role in 80% of the films. Correspondingly, 80% of the film creators (writers, directors, and producers) were male. Films that passed the Bechdel test had twice as many female writers as those that failed the test. The inequality and gender stereotyping one sees in the real world is reflected in this study of children’s films. Animated films are a popular media outlet for children, and this study highlights the impact that these skewed representations can have on children.
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Pollack, Sarah. "After Bolaño: Rethinking the Politics of Latin American Literature in Translation". PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 128, n.º 3 (maio de 2013): 660–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2013.128.3.660.
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On 25 november 2012, when the united states novelist jonathan franzen opened mexico's feria internacional del libro de guadalajara, he spoke of his experience of reading Latin American fiction. Asked about the region's representation through literature in English translation, Franzen stated that, magic realism having now “run its course,” Roberto Bolaño had become the “new face of Latin America.” Franzen's words echo what has almost become a commonplace in the United States over the last five years: naming Bolaño “the Gabriel García Márquez of our time” (Moore), after the publication by Farrar, Straus and Giroux of the translations of Los detectives salvajes (1998; The Savage Detectives [2007]) and his posthumous 2666 (2004; 2666 [2008]). Bolaño is also considered by many writers, critics, and readers in Latin America to be “reigning as the new paradigm” (Volpi, sec. 3). If in the United States market, through the synecdoche of literary commodification, García Márquez's revolutionary Cien años de soledad (1967; One Hundred Years of Solitude [1970]) and, specifically, the magic realism of his fictional Macondo came to stand in for the diverse literary projects of Latin American authors in the 1960s, one must ask if a similar operation is taking place with Bolaño. While the number of translated Latin American literary works continues to be limited and most “go virtually unnoticed” (“Translation Database”), the significance of Bolaño's place at the center of a new canon in translation is magnified and necessitates inquiring into how his critical success in the United States market may be shifting the politics of translation of other texts. As a critic announced in 2011, “a second Latin American literature Boom is happening … [that] probably owes its existence to the explosion of the late-Chilean author Roberto Bolaño, whose popularity re-opened the door to North American publishing houses for Latin American authors” (Rosenthal).
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de Souza, Leonardo Cruz, Antônio Lúcio Teixeira, Guilherme Nogueira M. de Oliveira, Paulo Caramelli e Francisco Cardoso. "A critique of phrenology in Moby-Dick". Neurology 89, n.º 10 (4 de setembro de 2017): 1087–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000004335.
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Phrenology has a fascinating, although controversial, place in the history of localizationism of brain and mental functions. The 2 main proponents of phrenology were 2 German-speaking doctors, Joseph Gall (1758–1828) and Johann Spurzheim (1776–1832). According to their theory, a careful examination of skull morphology could disclose personality characters. Phrenology was initially restricted to medical circles and then diffused outside scientific societies, reaching nonscientific audiences in Europe and North America. Phrenology deeply penetrated popular culture in the 19th century and its tenets can be observed in British and American literature. Here we analyze the presence of phrenologic concepts in Moby-Dick; or, The Whale, by Herman Melville (1819–1891), one of the most prominent American writers. In his masterpiece, he demonstrates that he was familiarized with Gall and Spurzheim's writings, but referred to their theory as “semi-science” and “a passing fable.” Of note, Melville's fine irony against phrenology is present in his attempt to perform a phrenologic and physiognomic examination of The Whale. Thus, Moby-Dick illustrates the diffusion of phrenology in Western culture, but may also reflect Melville's skepticism and criticism toward its main precepts.
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Ovcharenko, Nataliia. "Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada". Слово і Час, n.º 6 (26 de novembro de 2020): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2020.06.87-101.
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Poetological dominants of historical memory in works of asian immigrant writers in Canada
The paper highlights the development of literature related to the historical memory concept of Canadian immigrants from Asian countries. It covers the period of the late 20th ― first decades of the 21st century. The complex of problems, analyzed and structured within the semantic field of the modern historical memory concept, is often applicable both to Canada and Ukraine. The research broadens the knowledge of Canadian literature introducing the names of researchers and writers new to Ukrainian literary studies. The paper overviews the interpretations of Canadian Asian immigrants’ dispositions within the paradigm of modern arts and humanities. The focus is on the issues of double identity, the coherence of ethnic and North American mentality. The researcher generalizes the poetical aspects of the works by Ying Chen, Kim Thui, Joy Kogawa, Michael Ondaatje. Attention has been paid to the definition of discursive parameters, which allow shaping the concept of historical memory in ‘mosaic’ Canadian society; the issues of identities; the main markers of Canadian historical strategies; and versatile patterns of literary texts.
The participation of Canada in the global dialog, which involves its culture and literature, plays probably the most important role in the debate on Canadian polyethnic literature. Regional, national, and international features demand some combined definition. The research explicates modern historical memory strategies in the context of conventional territory with its specific spatial and temporal characteristics. The author demonstrates the main local views on peculiarities of the Canadian literary process of the 2nd half of the 20th ― early 21st century and analyzes literary texts. All the novels show profound connection between representatives of Canadian literature, who may seem essentially different but manifest temporal and subjective similarity.
The paper lists the names of authors working within the ‘double vision’ formula suggested by N. Frye. This approach focuses on the elements of North American culture pertaining to Canadian multicultural world structure as well as traditional cultures of the writers’ ancestral homelands. The paper also considers the generation paradigm, structured on the basis of social and historical algorithms and psychological markers. The types of generational modes (Kim Thuy, Michael Ondaatje) in literature were combined through a common denominator ― canadianness ― based on a double identity.