Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Nexus Eau"

Nevus is a benign melanocytic neoplasm and the most common type of skin tumor. It may occur anywhere on the skin, but it is rare in the external auditory canal (EAC). We present a case of melanocytic nevus in the EAC with keratin accumulation. In microscopic surgery, the mass was excised completely, and the wax and keratin material medial portion of the EAC behind the mass was removed. In this patient, a melanocytic nevus in the EAC caused symptoms of hearing loss and wax and keratin buildup. For melanocytic nevus in the EAC, excision and pathologic confirmation should be performed if there are symptoms or when malignant transformation is suspected.

Branch-point singularities known as exceptional points (EPs), which carry a nonzero topological charge, can emerge in non-Hermitian systems. We demonstrate with both theory and acoustic experiments an “exceptional nexus” (EX), which is not only a higher-order EP but also the cusp singularity of multiple exceptional arcs (EAs). Because the parameter space is segmented by the EAs, the EX possesses a hybrid topological invariant (HTI), which consists of distinct winding numbers associated with Berry phases accumulated by cyclic paths on different complex planes. The HTI is experimentally characterized by measuring the critical behaviors of the wave functions. Our findings constitute a major advance in the fundamental understanding of non-Hermitian systems and their topology, possibly opening new avenues for applications.

Melanocytic nevus occurring in the external auditory canal (EAC) is uncommon. Therefore, in the absence of sufficient clinical experience, this disease may be challenging to be suspected even with a physical examination. Herein, clinical and demographic features of intradermal nevus in the EAC were investigated. Patients with an intradermal nevus on histopathological examination (n = 15; 2 men and 13 women; P = .005) were included from a pool of patients who underwent surgical resection for EAC tumors between November 2011 and March 2022. Data were retrospectively collected on their sex, appearance of the lesions, surgical method, and outcomes. Nine patients had a dome shape and 6 patients had a papillomatous shape. Ten patients had dark colors and 5 patients had pale colors. All pale colors appeared only in the dome-shaped nevus, and only dark colored papillomatous nevi were observed. A significant difference was noted in terms of the frequency of occurrence by colors (dark or pale) according to shape (dome or papillomatous) (P = .044). No patient showed recurrence or EAC stenosis after circumferential excision. In women, a dome-shaped or papillomatous mass with dark color in the EAC may likely be predicted as the nevus. However, it can also occur in men, and even if it is a pale color, in the case of a dome shape, taking the nevus into account is important. Moreover, successful treatment outcomes were achieved through circumferential excision.

This study aims to evaluate the impact of human resource management practices (HRMPs) on employee attitudes and behavior (EAB). The population of this study was all employees of cement manufacturing firms (CMC) in the southern region of Bangladesh. Data was gathered using structured questionnaires following convenient sampling technique. The data was analyzed using SPSS-23 statistical package program. A robust and significant linear association between HRMPs and EAB was found. Further, HRM practices, including compensation & rewards (CR) and motivation (MV) were discovered to be dominant predictors of EAB. According to the study, variations in EAB of 77.10% were caused by independent predictors such as recruitment and selection (RS), training and development (TD), performance appraisals (PA), compensation and rewards (CR), motivation (MV), and maintenance (MT) in CMC in the southern part of Bangladesh. Nevertheless, it is apparent from the study's findings that manufacturing organizations that have implemented progressive HRM practices in a systematic and integrated manner are having an enormous influence on EAB. This study only focused on one industry and one type of organizational structure. According to the study, findings should not be extensively generalized. Future research should incorporate other aspects, such as organizational learning and organizational capacity, to construct a new model of HRM practices.

L’équinoxe de printemps, symbole de renouveau dans plusieurs régions du monde, se célèbre en mettant souvent à l’honneur des éléments de la nature. Le printemps annonciateur de jours longs, lumière, bourgeons et fleurs, se décline à l’envi selon les pays et on l’accueille de manière festive et différente : avec des couleurs (Holi) en Inde1 et au Népal ; des feux de joie, une table et une gastronomie toute particulière pour Nowrouz1 (jour de l’an) en Asie centrale ; en admirant les fleurs de cerisier (Hanami) au Japon, et avec tant de chants, de poèmes, toutes cultures confondues. C’est aussi en cette période de l’année que l’Organisation des Nations Unies a proclamé la Journée internationale des forêts2 et la Journée mondiale de l’eau3, les 21 et 22 mars respectivement, auxquelles s’est adossée la Journée mondiale du bois soutenue par la World Wood Day Foundation4 (reconnue par l’Organisation des Nations Unies), nous rappelant ainsi le nexus entre l’eau, la forêt et le bois. Aborder les liens complexes et multiples entre eau, forêt et bois, leurs différentes facettes, les variantes et variables associées, les changements, les modèles, les prévisions et prospectives, est un travail titanesque devant agglomérer des champs de compétences immenses et variés. Ces Journées internationale et mondiale ont vocation à donner de la visibilité à des enjeux majeurs en permettant une sensibilisation du plus grand nombre via les pouvoirs publics et la société civile. Chaque année, ces Journées internationale et mondiale abordent un thème et en 2024, « Forêts et innovation : de nouvelles solutions pour un monde meilleur » côtoiera « La diversité des bois dans la Culture » et « L’eau pour la paix ». Sans eau, pas de vie, pas de forêt et pas de bois, est un poncif. L’eau est nécessaire à la germination des graines, à la croissance des arbres et autres végétaux. Les arbres produisent, entre autres, du bois : un matériau utilisé depuis des temps immémoriaux, stock de carbone pendant sa durée de vie, recyclable et biodégradable. La forêt, quant à elle, assure des fonctions écosystémiques considérables : (1) un service de production de ressources multiples ; (2) un service de régulation (des sols, de l’air, du cycle de l’eau et des températures) permettant un bon fonctionnement de l’écosystème, le maintien de la biodiversité (photos 1), le stockage de CO2 et l’atténuation du réchauffement climatique ; (3) un service sociétal et culturel7. Les forêts couvrent 4,06 milliards d’hectares et contiennent plus de la moitié du stock de carbone (dans les sols et les végétaux), et les bassins versants forestiers et zones humides fournissent 75 % de l’eau douce accessible et dont plus de la moitié de la population mondiale est tributaire (Sarre, 2019). Outre ces faits à exposer et/ou à rappeler pendant ces Journées internationale et mondiale, l’Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’Alimentation et l’Agriculture7 (FAO) a dégagé des messages clés à transmettre. Innovations et technologies développées ces dernières années : (1) permettent d’utiliser de nouveaux moyens importants de surveillance des forêts et de communiquer et d’échanger des informations à ce sujet ; (2) sont nécessaires pour mettre un terme à la déforestation et à la dégradation des forêts, en particulier lors des incendies ; (3) donnent des moyens aux populations autochtones de cartographier et protéger des terres coutumières (photo 2) ; (4) contribuent à trouver des solutions pour la restauration des écosystèmes, afin de limiter le réchauffement climatique. De plus, la recherche relative aux produits forestiers ligneux ou non, permettra de trouver des matériaux de construction, mais aussi de nouvelles molécules, fibres et solutions pour la chimie innovante de substitution ou non. Ces messages clés, se déclineront différemment selon les zones géographiques, les interlocuteurs et le niveau décisionnel des parties prenantes. À l’innovation technologique, qu’elle soit incrémentale, transformatrice ou disruptive, il faudra ajouter des considérations politiques, de formations et de rémunérations afin que ces innovations profitent aux innovateurs, ainsi qu’aux communautés et aux acteurs qui les mettront en œuvre (Nasi, 2024). Au regard des enjeux, des innovations, des gouvernances à venir, il apparaît crucial de publier les nouvelles connaissances relevant de questions scientifiques souvent socialement vives, en adoptant une évaluation rigoureuse et impartiale (Bergandi, 2018). En les partageant librement, Bois et Forêts des Tropiques et toute son organisation contribueront sans relâche à leur transmission et à la progression certaine du savoir. Ainsi, à l’issue du cycle inexorable des saisons, le printemps prochain et ces Journées internationale et mondiale seront sans doute annonciateurs de nouveautés et de découvertes qu’il nous faudra continuer à diffuser. 1 UNESCO, Patrimoine culturel immatériel, https://ich.unesco.org/ 2 Organisation des Nations Unies, Journée internationale des forêts, https://www.un.org/fr/observances/forests-and-trees-day 3 Organisation des Nations Unies, Journée mondiale de l’eau, https://www.un.org/fr/observances/water-day 4 World Wood Day Foundation, http://www.worldwoodday.org/foundation.php 5 Unesco, Convention du patrimoine mondial, https://whc.unesco.org/fr/list/486 6 Organisation des Nations autochtones de Guyane (ONAG), https://www.ohchr.org/sites/default/files/Documents/Issues/IPeoples/EMRIP/Session13/submissions/LAC/2020-12-03-organisationdesnations-autochones-de-guayane-nag.pdf 7 Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations, International Day of Forest 2024, Key messages, https://www.fao.org/international-day-of-forests/key-messages/

Using religious orientation paradigm, this twofold study examined the relationship between euthanasia attitude and religiosity, and compared single-item and multi-item scales of euthanasia attitude. Three hundred students were asked whether they view euthanasia as moral. In addition, participants completed the Euthanasia Attitude Scale (EAS) and Religious Orientation Scale-Revised. Results indicated that intrinsic religiosity was the strongest correlate of negative attitudes toward euthanasia. This type of religiosity explained additional variance when added to the two types of extrinsic religiosity (social, personal), but the reverse was not the case. The fairly strong correlation of intrinsic religiosity with the EAS provides evidence of construct validity for the EAS and proved it to be a better measure for assessing euthanasia attitude, rather than the single-item scale.

This paper conducts a comprehensive examination of the current state of economic integration among the member-states of the Eurasian Economic Union with a specific focus on its implications for food security. Established in 2015, the EAEU comprises Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Russia, and endeavors to create a common economic space to foster mutual cooperation. Against the backdrop of global challenges, the nexus between economic integration and food security within the EAEU emerges as a critical aspect warranting careful scrutiny. The study employs a multidimensional approach, analyzing trade patterns, agricultural policies, and collaborative initiatives among member-states to elucidate the existing dynamics of economic integration and their impact on the food security landscape. By examining the interplay between the free movement of goods, services, capital, and labor, the research aims to identify strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats in achieving a resilient and sustainable food supply for the union’s populations. The findings of this study contribute to the understanding of the intricate relationship between economic integration and food security, offering insights that can inform policy decisions within the EAEU. In unraveling the complexities of this multifaceted nexus, the research seeks to guide the union toward a more secure and prosperous future, emphasizing the importance of nuanced strategies to address evolving global challenges. This paper serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, researchers, and stakeholders interested in the intersection of economic integration and food security within regional economic unions.

An essential tool for helping employees deal with personal issues that can affect their dedication at work is the employee assistance program (EAP). Consequently, this study examined the nexus between employee assistance programs and organizational commitment of some selected banks in warri metropolis, Delta state, Nigeria. The study used a sample of one hundred and eighty four (184) employees from the population as the study participants. A total number of one hundred and seventy five (175) questionnaires were fully completed and retrieved. The study utilized correlation coefficients and regression analysis. Microsoft excel software was also used to create tables and perform data entry. Findings revealed that there is an insignificant effect of employee assistance programs (counseling programs, wellness assistance programs, financial management education programs) on organizational commitment.

<p>The paper set out to investigate the nexus between institutional quality and inward FDI and how the presence of liberalization and financial development influence this linkage. We build on Dunning’s eclectic paradigm that focuses on locational advantages. A fixed effects approach is employed and the estimation results confirm the crucial role of institutional quality in attracting FDI inflows. However the impact varies with the particular group. In particular, apart from SADC, institutional quality seems to matter significantly in all the other groups especially in EAC and ECOWAS. Additional findings reveal a mixed impact regarding the presence of financial development and liberalization in the institution-FDI nexus: While Trade liberalization policies seem to be at the forefront in ECOWAS and SADC groups, it is credit depth and capital account openness that appear to matter most in EAC. We confirm the resilience of inward FDI during the global crisis and document a positive significant relationship between FDI inflows on the one hand and host market size and infrastructure development on the other. While a one-size-fits-all-policy should be discouraged due to the heterogeneous nature of SSA countries, overall, a comprehensive set of policies designed with caution to improve the institutional quality, the financial system, trade openness and capital account liberalization would be valuable for attracting FDI inflows to SSA.</p>

Ceruminous glands are specialized sudoriferous glands located in the external auditory canal (EAC). Tumors originating from these ceruminous glands are rare lesions of EAC; in particular, syringocystadenoma papilliferum (SCAP) is an extremely rare ceruminous glands neoplasm to occur in the EAC. Although it is rare, the association of SCAP with tubular apocrine adenoma in the background of nevus sebaceous on the body, extremities, and scalp is well documented. In this article, we report on a 60-year-old male who presented a mass in EAC, which was surgically removed. The final diagnosis of SCAP was determined by histological analysis and the patient has been well without recurrence.

Towards achieving the 2030 United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, this study revisits the information and communication technology (ICT) leapfrogging hypothesis of Steinmueller (2001), and Fong (2009) to expand the literature by testing its relevance in the labour force-growth dynamics in Asia. To achieve this, the study addresses four objectives: (i) test the ICT leapfrogging hypothesis; (ii) investigate the growth-enhancing impact of labour; (iii) examine whether ICT enhances or distorts the productivity of labour on economic growth; and (iv) if these effects differ by economic development. The study uses an unbalanced panel data on 81 countries located in East Asia and Pacific (EAP) and Europe and Central Asia (ECA) from 2010 to 2019. Two estimation techniques, namely panel spatial correlation consistent fixed effects (PSCC-FE) and random effects instrumental variables two-stage least squares (RE-IV2SLS), are deployed. To appraise if the impact differs by economic development, the study engages income group analysis. Among other findings: the leapfrogging hypothesis holds; labour is a significant predictor of economic growth; mobile phones usage is a more potent ICT indicator with more leapfrogging potentials relative to fixed telephones subscription; the net effect of labour on growth is mostly positive in the mobile phones’ models.

Nevus of Ota is a benign congenital melanosis bulbi. It is a rare entity, commonly seen in female. It occurs among Asians and Africans. It mainly involves the eye, skin and ear. It is predominantly unilateral but could be bilateral. Typical clinical manifestation was present in our case, however, biopsy is the investigation of choice. There is no specific treatment but ophthalmological and dermatological intervention can be opted. Outcome is remarkably good. Here we reported a case of a child with Nevus of Ota who was primarily admitted at paediatric department with enteric fever. We managed her conservatively and followed up in specific department. Bangladesh J Child Health 2020; VOL 44 (1) :60-63

We present a novel method to characterize the morphology of semicircular canals of the inner ear. Previous experimental works have a common nexus, the human-operator subjectivity. Although these methods are mostly automatic, they rely on a human decision to determine some particular anatomical positions. We implement a systematic analysis where there is no human subjectivity. Our approach is based on a specific magnetic resonance study done in a group of 20 volunteers. From the raw data, the proposed method defines the centerline of all three semicircular canals through a skeletonization process and computes the angle of the functional pair and other geometrical parameters. This approach allows us to assess the inter-operator effect on other methods. From our results, we conclude that, although an average geometry can be defined, the inner ear anatomy cannot be reduced to a single geometry as seen in previous experimental works. We observed a relevant variability of the geometrical parameters in our cohort of volunteers that hinders this usual simplification.

The extant literature on the integration of mobile instant messaging (MIM) into language pedagogy has documented its potential to leverage engagement and learning outcomes. Nevertheless, how individual differences in regard to emotional, sociocognitive, and motivational bearings contribute to language learning gains is hardly documented. This study is devoted to addressing this lacuna through an analysis of structural equation modeling (SEM) which explores the association between trait-emotional intelligence (TEI), online learning engagement (OLE), EFL learning motivation, and their grades in English for Academic Purposes (EAP) programs. Three-hundred-seventy-one freshmen in an Indonesian university were involved in EAP programs framed in team-based mobile language learning (TBML), mediated by Telegram as a complementary learning app. The students responded to an online survey eliciting their post-lesson perception of the abovementioned variables. Students’ course grades complemented the data collection. The results of our SEM analysis acknowledged the linear correlation from TEI, OLE, to EFL motivation as the drives to students’ learning achievement. This has also been supported by a robust correlation between the variables. The findings of the present study implicate the pedagogical potentials of TBML to scaffold self-regulated learning and satisfactory language learning gains, provided that students’ emotional intelligence, engagement, and motivation are intensively potentiated across different learning phases. Research limitations and recommendations are also explored.

Introduction: Adenoid hypertrophy may lead to a condition called Otitis Media with Effusion (OME). However, hearing loss caused by OME is frequently overlooked and remains asymptomatic in children. This oversight can have adverse effects on cognitive development and academic performance. Aim: To estimate the frequency of asymptomatic OME in children with adenoid hypertrophy and to find the association between adenoid size and occurrence of OME. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted at a tertiary care center in Mirzapur, Tangail, Bangladesh, with 124 patients spanning from April 2023 to September 2023. The study focused on children aged 5 to 12 who displayed adenoid hypertrophy symptoms but had not reported any hearing issues. It involved a thorough clinical examination of the ear, nose, and throat. Additionally, all patients underwent tympanometry. Adenoid size was assessed by using nasal endoscopy and radiographs using Mc Murray and Clements scale. The prevalence of OME was expressed as a percentage, and Fisher's exact test was utilized to analyze the relationship between adenoid size and the presence of asymptomatic OME. Results: Data from 154 cases of adenoid hypertrophy were analyzed. The commonest age of presentation was 5-8 years (66.9%). Otoscopy found that 71 individuals (equivalent to 56.26%) had a normal tympanic membrane on both sides. And the majority (13.7%) had bilateral air-fluid levels. 67.7% of participants with adenoid hypertrophy had no effusion, and 32.3% had otitis media with effusion. This connection between endoscopic and radiological adenoid size and OME was statistically significant, with a p-value of less than 0.05. Impedance audiometry showed that most candidates (52.8%) presented with a 'B' type tympanogram. That indicates many participants with OME were not identified clinically but diagnosed by impedance audiometry. Conclusion: There was an association between adenoid size and the occurrence of OME. Among the study participants, approximately 32.3% were clinically identified as having asymptomatic OME.

La investigación ha evidenciado que, pese a las diferencias administrativas de las distintas universidades estatales, el Equipo Asesor Ambiental (EAA) ha logrado una participación y colaboración interuniversitaria en materia ambiental, permitiendo procesos de innovación en dicha área. Este estudio pretende analizar el quehacer del EAA y su gestión ambiental en la Sede Interuniversitaria de Alajuela (SIA), generando datos que permitan replicar esta relación en otros espacios. Debido a la naturaleza mixta de esta indagación, se optó por centrarse en el programa Galardón Ambiental, lo que permitió profundizar sobre este proceso. La información se recopiló de fuentes oficiales, como el EAA y la Universidad de Costa Rica (UCR). Se determinó que la integración de diversas entidades y de la comunidad cumplen un rol fundamental en la gestión ambiental. Los avances de la SIA-UCR han contribuido al desarrollo de nuevos proyectos, asimismo otros se han adaptado a las especificidades de la SIA y del contexto. Una investigación de este tipo de nexos resulta estratégica, pues permite entender y reflexionar sobre el papel que podrían desempeñar los programas de gestión ambiental en diferentes ámbitos.

Abstract: As this paper will show, Ada 's bizarre telecommunication devices are far more than technical solutions of the problems imposed by Antiterran ban of electricity. Ada foregrounds their operation mode in terms of transmission and transduction, and, with it, what Jonathan Sterne identifies as sound reproduction devices' "tympanic principle" that simulates the mechanism of the human eardrum. Whether hand-cranked, operating on fluids like Olga Veen's bizarre invention and its offspring, the aquaphone, or on modulated current – Ada 's telecommunication devices are based on the tympanic principle. They are abstractions of the human ear, or "eary doubles" which turn Ada into the continuation of Nabokov's previous inquiries into sound propagation and the vibrational nexus. Ada , however, goes beyond the tympanum. Abstractions of the human ear are likewise the numerous cochlear structures to which the novel refers. Spirals and whelks evoke the cochlea which, located anatomically, to express it in Van's words, "between [tympanic] membrane and brain" processes sound's frequencies, time and timbre. Situated at the intersections of the physical and the physiological, of the technological and the organic, of acoustics and aesthetics, Ada 's eary doubles articulate Nabokov's keen interest in the physical and the physiological aspects of the auditory from which its metaphysical dimension derives.

Hoc studium de doctrina laicorum oppetit quaestionem relationum Ecclesiae et mundi lumini praeceptorum Conci1ii, sumens nucleum investigationis doctrinam laicorum in rebus saeculi. Fundamentale pondus humanae personae laicique ut talis, praeter fidelem, in Concilio Vaticano Il hunc proprium prospectum exigit. In primis paragraphum IIl, «De laicis et de personae humanae dignitate», agit de mutua conexione atque intelligentia duorum thematum etsi se contineat problematibus libertatis religiosae. Thema autem personae humanae,. media Concilii declaratio, in hoc paragrapho non examinatur quamquam adsit rector totius operis valde nexum cum themate laicorum. Alterum est elementum singulare quamvis summa investigatione situm, repraesentatum re pluralismi (socialis religiosique) in quo auctor vult ostendere momentum vi Ecclesiae in mundo profectionis magis quam adventus tantum cogitationis Ecclesiae; et eminent aliquae ulteriores conexiones thematum humanae personae, laicorum et pluralismi, quorum maiores derivationes disseruntur in paragraphis IV et V, de Statu Internationalique communitate; restructuratio primi et magna evolutionis potentia secundi summum exitus sunt plurallsmi et activitatis hominum eam animantium. Eminet in primis in paragrapho IV peculiaris activitas laicorum ordine internationali et munus «creativum» quod in tale contextu possit habere haec activitas, ad Ecclesiam ducem malentem loqui hominibus quam nationibus. Hoc sensu (par. IV) interpretat auctor viam individualem ut primariam ET secundariam institutionalem. Ceterum restructurationi Status explicationes et indications quaerunt, inter eas rationem agendi Concilli in confesionalitatis Stati themate. Denique parag. VI conatur evidentia facere problemata et consequtiones laicorum in rebus saeculi, his conexis cum supra dictis ut coordinentur. Opus experitur facere continuationem conceptuum quae in miscendis et concatenandis thematibus singularibus permittat eminere profundam signüicationem relationum praesentium Ecclesiae et mundi in omnibus suis implicationibus valde praecipuis.

In the last decade, the notion of sovereignty has been increasingly used in public discussions. A variety of actors are appealing to it, from systemic actors looking for ways to overcome the global governance and security crisis to sovereigntists protesting universalism and the weakening of the role of the state. Under these conditions, the transformation of sovereignty within integration associations is of particular interest. The concept of “strategic sovereignty” has appeared in the discourse of the most advanced among them, the European Union (EU). Among the challenges to this sovereignty, Brussels puts emphasis on the policies of China and Russia. The latter also actively appeals to the notion of sovereignty, and is itself the core of another integration association – the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU). From the very creation of the Eurasian Customs Union, it has been emphasized that it borrows the experience of the EU and aims to become a nexus in interlinking regional integration agreements across Eurasia. In the context of the conflict between Russia and the west, the EU and the EAEU are increasingly opposed to each other. This study is focused on identifying the features of the transformation of sovereignty in integration associations on the example of the EU and the EAEU. The analytical focus of the evaluation of the two models is set by the concept of four dimensions of sovereignty by S. Krasner and the phenomenon of supranationality. As the study shows, the transformation of sovereignty is not limited to the transfer of power to supranational bodies. In the EU, sovereignty is shared among the levels of this political community, forming a multi-level system of governance. Regarding the EAEU, the literature is dominated by the opinion that the sovereignty of the participating countries is indisputable, and the association itself is purely interstate in nature. Indeed, there are practically insurmountable obstacles to transferring the issues of organization of power to other levels by the EAEU states. At the same time, different dimensions of sovereignty here were affected by asymmetric relations with Russia even before the formation of the EAEU. The union was created on the basis and because of these dependencies, but it also transforms them.

Abstract Subject and purpose of work The nexus between the terms of trade and marginal propensity to import and the consequent policy options arising from it among economic blocs is an area that has not been given due attention in the literature. The focus of the current paper is to examine the link between the marginal propensity to import and the terms of trade in the East African Community (EAC). Material and methods The authors discuss and test a panel Granger causality model which is complemented with the test of impulse response function and variance decomposition using data from five EAC countries (Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, Kenya and Burundi). Results The long-run result of the study indicated that causality runs from all the variables to the terms of trade. In the short-run, results reveal that both the marginal propensity to import and the export of manufactures Grangercaused terms of trade without a feedback. The results of the impulse response function revealed that the terms of trade responded positively to shocks in the marginal propensity to import only in the first period, but afterwards the response turned negative in all the other periods. The terms of trade were equally found to respond positively to shocks in inflation rate in all the periods. The variance decomposition results indicated that apart from shocks to itself which was 100% in the first period, marginal propensity to import contributed about 0.0458% of shocks to the terms of trade, and this rose continuously in all the periods. Conclusions The analysis shows that both in the long-run and the short-run, marginal propensity to import determines the terms of trade among the EAC countries.

This study brings novelty to the tourism literature by re-examining the role of exchange rate in the tourism-growth nexus. It differs from previous tourism-led growth narrative to probe whether tourism exerts a positive effect on economic growth when the exchange rate is accounted for. Using a moderation modelling framework, instrumental variables general method of moments (IV-GMM) and quantile regression techniques in addition to real per capita GDP, tourism receipts and exchange rate, the study engages data on 44 Asian countries from 2010 to 2019. Results from the IV-GMM show that: (1) tourism exerts a positive effect on growth; (2) exchange rate depreciation hampers growth; (3) the interaction effect is positive but statistically not significant; and (4) results from EAP and SA samples are mixed. For the most part, constructive evidence from the quantile regression techniques reveals that the impact of tourism and exchange is significant at lower quantiles of 0.25 and 0.50 while the interaction effect is negative and statistically significant only for the SA sample. These are new contributions to the literature and policy recommendations are discussed.

Abstract Since their independence in 1991, the states of Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan) have become increasingly important as regional and international actors. They have joined the United Nations (UN) as well as regional organizations, such as the Commonwealth of Independent States (cis), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (csto), the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (sco), and the Eurasian Economic Union (eaeu). International law has played an important role in the processes of state-building and integration these countries have undergone, yet it has not always been consistently accepted as a policy tool and academic discipline. In particular, building a stable nexus between the practice of international law and academic research on the subject remains a challenge. This article provides an overview of Central Asian practices and doctrines of international law with a focus on international peace and security, international organizations, international environmental law, human rights, international humanitarian and criminal law, and international investment arbitration. It concludes with recommendations for more successful promotion and implementation of international law in the region.

Abstract A large number of publications recognize that there are melanocytic lesions with microscopic features similar to melanoma, related to their location, with no prognostic importance. Those locations are represented by the ear, the milk lines (axillary, breast, periumbilical and inguinal regions), palms, soles and flexural regions. The periumbilical nevi are included by some authors in the category of the flexural nevi. In 2004, Rongioletti et al., performed a study on a number of 101 breast nevi, considering 10 histologic parameters. Starting from Rongioletti’s study we measured 10 histologic parameters on 121 nevi (26 from the periunmbilical area) and notes with 0 if absent or impossible to evaluate and with 1 if present. The score for each lesion ranged from 0 to 6 and we compared the features of the periumbilical nevi with the nevi from the control sites and found that the ones in the periumbilical area have more frequently atypical features than the nevi from the other sites (lemtiginous proliferation of nevus cells, architectural disorder of the nevus cell nests and stromal reactions as dermal fibroplasias and dermal lymphocytic infiltrate). We also performed immunohistochemical examination on lesions that presented three or more of the examined histologic parameters, but the results were not very suggestive. The conclusion of this study is that the atypical features of the breast nevi are only site related atypias and have no hormonal influences

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome is a congenital disease that is rare and has low prevalence worldwide. It presents classically with features of macroglossia, abdominal wall defects (omphalocele), and macrosomia at birth. Other typical manifestations include facial nevus simplex, ear lobe abnormalities (creases and/or pits), transient hypoglycemia, and renal abnormalities seen on ultrasound. We report a case of a female preterm infant of twin gestation presenting at our level 4 hospital’s newborn unit with typical features of the syndrome. We aimed to create further awareness on the diagnosis in secondary health institutions and management of common features and complications of the syndrome. There is a paucity of pictorial evidence of morphology and literature related to the syndrome in an African child and this case report aims to improve that. No case has been previously reported in the Kenyan setting.

In L’animal que donc je suis Jacques Derrida suggests that the question of what would be proper to the animal should ‘change tune’. I read this extraordinary passage, in which Derrida calls for us to lend an ear to an ‘unheard-of music’ that neither emancipates the non-human nor condemns it to inarticulate noise, in conjunction with the nexus of animality, telephony and the cri de la littérature that unfolds in Hélène Cixous’s writing, exploring the significant role assumed by the sonorous in these descriptions of non-human life. For Cixous, the telephonic power of near-instantaneous substitution and of prostheticity is inseparable from the sounds produced by the coterie of animals that populate the writings of these two authors. What is intriguing is that this bestiary is almost always said with a certain homonymy or homophony. Hence this article traces what I dub an ‘homofaunie’ echoing Cixous’s series of puns and neologisms such as ‘(t)elefaun’ and ‘(t)elephantasy’ that capture Derrida’s attention. The article asks what is at stake for theorizing non-human life – not just animal but also plant and so-called inanimate life – if the mode of questioning is to be redirected by a specifically aural attunement in which listening itself is retuned under the guidance of untranslatable homophony.

The MAP3K1 is responsible for transmitting signals to activate specific MAP2K-MAPK cascades. Following the initial biochemical characterization, genetic mouse models have taken center stage to elucidate how MAP3K1 regulates biological functions. To that end, mice were generated with the ablation of the entire Map3k1 gene, the kinase domain coding sequences, or ubiquitin ligase domain mutations. Analyses of the mutants identify diverse roles that MAP3K1 plays in embryonic survival, maturation of T/B cells, and development of sensory organs, including eye and ear. Specifically in eye development, Map3k1 loss-of-function was found to be autosomal recessive for congenital eye abnormalities, but became autosomal dominant in combination with Jnk and RhoA mutations. Additionally, Map3k1 mutation increased eye defects with an exposure to environmental agents such as dioxin. Data from eye developmental models reveal the nexus role of MAP3K1 in integrating genetic and environmental signals to control developmental activities. Here, we focus the discussions on recent advances in understanding the signaling mechanisms of MAP3K1 in eye development in mice and in sex differentiation from human genomics findings. The research works featured here lead to a deeper understanding of the in vivo signaling network, the mechanisms of gene–environment interactions, and the relevance of this multifaceted protein kinase in disease etiology and pathogenesis.

Maize is a major crop that is particularly sensitive to climate change. In addition, the extreme shortage of water resources threatens crop production. Thus, improving the effective utilization rate of water is an important problem to discuss. In this regard, we quantified the combined effects of meteorological conditions and irrigation levels during different growth stages on city-level maize yields in the Jing-Jin-Ji region from 1993 to 2019. The results show that the sowing period was affected by the minimum temperature, while the other growth stages were affected by the maximum temperature. At the ear stage of summer maize, when the effective irrigation rate reached the average level (52%), the inflection point of the total precipitation was 401.42 mm in the Jing-Jin-Ji region. When the total precipitation was higher than 401.42 mm, the summer maize yield decreased with the increasing total precipitation. Furthermore, the summer maize growth was significantly affected by drought at the seedling stage. At high effective irrigation rates and over long dry spells, as the mean daily temperature during dry spells increased, the maize yield easily increased. The increase in the effective irrigation rate can reverse the decrease in the summer maize yield. Moreover, the effective irrigation rate increased the maize yield with the increase rise in the temperature during longer dry spells, but the maize yield decreased with warmer temperatures during shorter dry spells. As such, our evaluation results will be useful for assessing food security and moving gradually toward achieving a water–energy–food nexus.

In a famous passage in De revolutionibus, Copernicus remarked that ‘in this arrangement [ordinatione] ... we discover a marvellous symmetry of the universe [mundi symmetriam], and an established harmonious linkage [harmoniae nexum] between the motion of the orbs and their size, such as can be found in no other way’. Copernicus has brought together two previously distinct aesthetic values: symmetry as proportionality in what is efficient or pleasing to the eye; and harmony as proportionality in what is pleasing to the ear. This is a critical passage where two aesthetic criteria are put to use to capture two different aspects of the universe: its design and its motion. Symmetry captures the design, that is, the relation of the parts (the planetary orbs) to the whole (the Universe), whereas motion (understood as the planetary periods) is linked to size (understood as the planetary distances from the Sun). What was Kepler’s view of these two distinct aesthetic criteria? I conclude that Kepler did not invoke the criterion of symmetry in any of his writings and appealed only to harmony, but he had a sophisticated view of this concept which required—so my argument goes—a certain degree of freedom which I call Spielraum. This view is in stark opposition to that of Galileo’s.

Statement of problem It has been shown that selective etching improves the bond strength of some self-adhesive resin cements to enamel. The same has yet to be determined with dentin pre-treatment. Purpose To evaluate the tensile bond strength of two self-adhesive resin cements after two dentin surface pre-treatments, and also to analyze the cement/dentin interface. Material and Methods One hundred and twelve human third molars were extracted. The teeth were distributed into seven groups (n = 16). Maxcem Elite Chroma (MAX) (Kerr, Scafati, Italy) and Relyx U200 (RLX) (3M ESPE, Neuss, Germany) were used without pre-treatment or with two dentin pre-treatments (polyacrylic acid or phosphoric acid). A conventional etch-and-rinse (EAR) luting cement, NX3 Nexus (NX3) (Kerr, Scafati, Italy), was used as an external control group. Before testing, all specimens were stored in distilled water for 24 hours. Three specimens from each group were prepared for scanning electron microscopy observation (SEM). A tensile bond strength test (TBS) was performed for the remaining samples. The data were statistically analyzed using the Kruskal–Wallis test and Pairwise comparisons using the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Results MAX without pre-treatment and with phosphoric acid etching attained statistically similar bond strengths to NX3 (P > 0.05). There was a statistical difference (P = 0.00488) between RLX without pre-treatment (5.62 MPa) and NX3 (10.88 MPa). Phosphoric acid pre-treatment increases the bond strength values of RLX to a strength that is comparable to NX3 (P > 0.05). The lowest tensile bond strength (TBS) was attained after the application of polyacrylic acid with MAX (1.98 MPa). No statistical differences were found between the RLX bond strength values after polyacrylic acid treatment and RLX without pre-treatment or NX3 (P > 0.05). SEM observations disclosed an enhanced potential of the self-adhesive cements to infiltrate into dentin tubules and form resin tags when applied after phosphoric acid pre-treatment. The failure mode was dominantly adhesive. Conclusions On dentin, the self-adhesive resin cement MAX might be an effective alternative to conventional resin cement. Etching the dentin with phosphoric acid does not have a negative effect on the bond strength of MAX to dentin. On the other hand, phosphoric acid improved the bond strength of RLX when compared to EAR cement.

Stock theft strips the South African economy of a great deal of money. This scourge threatens both the commercial and emergent farming sectors. The goats, sheep and cattle losses amount to millions of rands in Eastern Cape (EC), Limpopo (LIM) and KwaZulu-Natal (KZN) Provinces, which in 2021 were touted as the top Ten (10) hot spot police stations. As a recourse, the Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) samples are used as an important forensic evidential tool to resolve this crime and ensure accuracy and fairness in the Criminal Justice System (CJS). Equally, the Mobile Telephone Network (MTN) (The South African cellular service provider) and Huawei Technologies collaborated to launch the ‘connected animal solution-Internet of Things (IoT),’ a digitised innovation, which allows livestock farmers to improve their animal management and health screening through activity and movement-monitoring and related analysis. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the combating of stock theft with DNA samples and innovative technology (IoT), in this regard, focusing on the selected areas of KZN Province. From a qualitative standpoint, empirical research, documentary studies, Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) and Key Informant Interview (KIIs) were adopted as data collection methods. The collected data was analysed employing the inductive Thematic Content Analysis (TCA). This paper found that the indicated nexus can adequately aid in evidence gathering relating to identification by DNA characteristics (I.e. Typing and sample usage), ownership (I.e. Kingship identification), paternity testing, management and monitoring of livestock movements, potential danger minimisation, tracking of straying livestock, improving efficiency and reduction of costs. It is recommended that livestock farmers should exercise their actionable educational insights regarding the effective use of the DNA samples and IoT by exercising physical matching of ear notches and brands, providing specific descriptions, and verifying their near real-time visibility in varying periods.

A educação, desde sua origem, passou por inúmeras transformações, adaptando-se às evoluções sociais e às mudanças culturais. Diante de uma revolução educacional impulsionada pela cultura digital e tecnologias emergentes, nos deparamos com propostas inovadoras e desafiadoras da educação, que nos levam a questionar e refletir sobre o papel da docência, da educação híbrida, da aprendizagem e das tecnologias na atualidade. É nesse contexto que apresentamos o dossiê "Educação Híbrida e Cultura Digital: Reflexões sobre Docência, Aprendizagem e Tecnologias na Contemporaneidade".Este dossiê convida à reflexão, ao propor uma discussão profunda e abrangente acerca do papel e da interação entre educação, cultura digital e tecnologias emergentes no contexto atual. Os artigos apresentados fornecem perspectivas valiosas sobre diferentes aspectos dessa temática, incluindo a análise histórica da educação híbrida, a importância das Tecnologias da Informação e Comunicação (TIC) no desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico, a relevância da acessibilidade e inclusão no ensino superior, os desafios enfrentados pelos educadores no ensino remoto emergencial, a importância e necessidade da capacitação de profissionais da educação básica e a compreensão das concepções e práticas associadas à educação híbrida.Essas reflexões nos levam a considerar as múltiplas dimensões envolvidas no cenário educacional contemporâneo e destacam a necessidade de promover práticas pedagógicas inovadoras e inclusivas, capazes de enfrentar as desigualdades sociais e educacionais e de se adaptar às demandas e possibilidades trazidas pela cultura digital e pelas tecnologias emergentes. Ao abordar a formação docente, o engajamento dos estudantes, o desenvolvimento de competências e habilidades e a democratização do acesso à informação e aos recursos tecnológicos, os artigos deste dossiê contribuem para a construção de um conhecimento crítico e reflexivo sobre os desafios e oportunidades na intersecção entre educação híbrida, cultura digital e tecnologias na contemporaneidade.Nesse contexto, é fundamental que pesquisadores, profissionais da educação e tomadores de decisão continuem a explorar e aprofundar o conhecimento sobre essa temática, visando desenvolver estratégias eficazes e abordagens pedagógicas adaptadas às necessidades da sociedade contemporânea e capazes de promover uma educação mais inclusiva, flexível e transformadora.A coletânea reúne estudos e reflexões de pesquisadores e profissionais da área, que buscam contribuir para o entendimento e aprimoramento das práticas pedagógicas nesse cenário em constante evolução. Os artigos apresentados a seguir abordam temas como a importância da educação híbrida e sua relação com a EaD e a educação presencial, a formação continuada de professores, a inclusão e a acessibilidade, o emprego da inteligência artificial na educação, e o desenvolvimento de práticas pedagógicas inovadoras e inclusivas. Ao longo deste dossiê, o leitor será convidado a refletir, questionar e debater sobre a influência das tecnologias digitais na educação e os desafios e oportunidades que surgem a partir dessa interação.Entendemos que é fundamental refletir sobre a importância da educação híbrida no contexto atual e o papel das tecnologias digitais nesse processo, e, nesse sentido, o artigo “Educação Híbrida Como Tendência Histórica: Análise das Realidades Brasileira e Portuguesa” de Braian Garrito Veloso, Daniel Mill e José António Moreira, contribui para essa análise ao oferecer um balanço histórico da educação híbrida no Brasil e em Portugal, destacando o movimento dialético entre EaD e educação presencial como aspecto-chave na compreensão dessa tendência. Entende-se, assim, que a educação híbrida, resultado dessa interação dialética, apresenta-se como um espaço de convergência entre as abordagens presenciais e a distância, possibilitando uma maior flexibilidade e personalização do ensino. Nesse cenário, a cultura digital desempenha um papel essencial, permitindo a criação de ambientes virtuais de aprendizagem e a incorporação de diferentes ferramentas tecnológicas no processo educacional. Essa reflexão sobre a educação híbrida e a cultura digital nos leva a questionar as implicações para a docência e a aprendizagem no século XXI. É preciso considerar as competências e habilidades necessárias para os educadores nesse novo contexto, bem como os desafios que os estudantes enfrentam ao se adaptarem a essa nova realidade. O texto nos ajuda a entender sobre a importância dos pesquisadores e profissionais da área de educação continuarem explorando e aprofundando o conhecimento sobre a educação híbrida e a cultura digital, colaborando para o avanço da compreensão dos desafios e oportunidades que essas transformações apresentam. Entendemos que a incorporação de diferentes perspectivas teóricas e metodológicas, como sugere o artigo, pode enriquecer o debate e contribuir para a construção de uma educação mais inclusiva, flexível e adaptada às necessidades da sociedade contemporânea.Na era da docência, aprendizagem e tecnologias na contemporaneidade, os educadores enfrentam o desafio de se adaptar às novas demandas e incorporar ferramentas digitais em suas práticas pedagógicas. Neste contexto, o artigo “Ações Mediadoras de Desenvolvimento do Pensamento Teórico em uma Formação Continuada Remota e Síncrona de Professores do Ensino Fundamental I”, de Alex Garcia Smith Angelo e Vanessa Dias Moretti, oferece uma análise reflexiva de uma situação desencadeadora de aprendizagem (SDA) em uma formação continuada de professores, que integra o uso de tecnologias de informação e comunicação (TIC) e jogos digitais, concentrando-se na álgebra nos anos iniciais. Empregando o método materialista-dialético e a teoria Histórico-Cultural, os pesquisadores examinam as ações mediadoras que possibilitaram indícios de superação do pensamento empírico pelo pensamento teórico. Os resultados revelam que a combinação de procedimentos técnicos de comunicação/voz e registro de símbolos pelo caderno digital, aliados ao trabalho coletivo de professores e à mediação intencional do formador, criaram condições favoráveis para o desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico, mediado por nexos conceituais relacionados à álgebra nos anos iniciais. Esse estudo contribui para a temática proposta nesta coletânea, ao evidenciar que as TIC podem ser valiosas ferramentas no processo de desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico de professores em formação continuada. No entanto, os autores destacam que essa potencialidade não é intrínseca às ferramentas do ambiente das TIC, mas sim resultado do trabalho coletivo entre o pesquisador e as professoras, o que ressalta a importância da colaboração e da mediação pedagógica consciente no contexto das tecnologias na educação contemporânea.Em um mundo cada vez mais conectado e imerso na cultura digital, a aprendizagem e as tecnologias contemporâneas têm assumido um papel fundamental na forma como o ensino superior se desenvolve e se adapta às demandas atuais. Nesse contexto, o artigo “Análise e Reflexões sobre as Interações no Portal de Acessibilidade”, de Cícera Aparecida Lima Malheiro, Valéria Sperduti Lima, Leandro Key Higuchi Yanaze e Marcio Hollosi, ilustra a importância da inclusão e acessibilidade na educação, abordando o desenvolvimento do Portal de Acessibilidade da Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). Os autores ponderam a respeito da inclusão e acessibilidade no ensino superior como demandas globais e, nesse contexto, descrevem os princípios que orientaram a criação do Portal de Acessibilidade, apresentando informações sobre o acesso e interação dos usuários, analisando o impacto e a contribuição deste portal para a promoção de uma cultura inclusiva no ensino superior. Eles salientam que a acessibilidade e a inclusão no ensino superior estão fundamentadas em três pilares: acesso, permanência e participação. Ademais, consideram que a universidade tem o dever de disseminar conhecimento aberto e universal, democratizando o acesso à informação. Para tanto, é crucial assegurar a permanência e a conclusão do curso em condições de igualdade. O Portal de Acessibilidade da Unifesp é apresentado como uma iniciativa relevante para estimular a conscientização e capacitação de docentes, discentes e toda a comunidade acadêmica, tanto interna quanto externa. O artigo instiga a reflexão acerca da importância de investir em iniciativas que promovam a inclusão e acessibilidade, auxiliando na democratização do acesso à informação no ensino superior. A elaboração do Portal de Acessibilidade ocorreu durante a pandemia da Covid-19, um momento em que as desigualdades sociais e educacionais se acentuaram e as instituições de ensino superior foram desafiadas a repensar suas práticas. Em suma, os autores destacam a necessidade de seguir promovendo ações de conscientização e formação contínua por meio do Portal de Acessibilidade, incluindo cursos, eventos e materiais que abordam as dimensões de acessibilidade. Além disso, ressaltam a importância de uma gestão diagnóstica para avaliar e identificar as necessidades da comunidade universitária e externa, buscando fomentar um trabalho colaborativo e inclusivo.Em meio à temática da docência, aprendizagem e tecnologias na contemporaneidade, é crucial analisar os desafios e oportunidades enfrentados pelos futuros educadores no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial. No artigo “Formação de Professores no Ensino Remoto Emergencial: Desafios, Limitações e Possibilidades”, de Marta Fernandes Garcia e Cássio Ricardo Fares Riedo, os autores apresentam uma reflexão sobre a formação inicial de estudantes de licenciaturas de uma instituição federal em São Paulo durante a pandemia de COVID-19. O trabalho problematiza as condições de estudo dos alunos e suas opiniões acerca da qualidade do processo de ensino-aprendizagem neste período desafiador. As análises apontam para limitações institucionais, dificuldades pedagógicas e tecnológicas do corpo docente, e barreiras socioeconômicas que afetam o engajamento dos estudantes. Os resultados revelam uma visão negativa por parte dos alunos em relação ao ensino remoto emergencial, demonstrando insatisfação quanto à organização do trabalho pedagógico, gestão e suporte tecnológico, pedagógico e emocional oferecidos. Ainda que reconheçam o esforço de muitos docentes, os alunos consideram que não obtiveram aprendizado e desenvolvimento adequados. Esta pesquisa contribui para uma reflexão profunda sobre os problemas e potencialidades das instituições de ensino na busca por uma formação docente humana, sólida e socialmente referenciada. Ao identificar os desafios enfrentados no contexto do ensino remoto emergencial, o estudo destaca a necessidade de repensar estratégias e abordagens pedagógicas, visando garantir uma formação de qualidade para os futuros educadores, mesmo diante das adversidades impostas pelo cenário atual.Em um cenário onde a educação híbrida e a cultura digital têm se tornado protagonistas no processo de aprendizagem e na utilização de tecnologias na contemporaneidade, é fundamental analisar iniciativas que buscam preparar os educadores para esse novo contexto. O artigo “Programa Temas Emergentes e Ensino Híbrido para Educação Básica: Ações Educacionais no Contexto do Ensino Remoto Emergencial”, de Rosiele Oliveira da Encarnação, Raiane da Rosa Dutra, Daniele da Rocha Schneider e Liziany Müller, oferece uma análise reflexiva das experiências do programa de extensão "Temas Emergentes e Ensino Híbrido para Educação Básica", desenvolvido pela Universidade Federal de Santa Maria em parceria com 66 Secretarias Municipais de Educação dos estados do Rio Grande do Sul e Santa Catarina. Este programa teve como objetivo capacitar, instrumentalizar e qualificar professores e outros profissionais da educação básica em 2021, durante as restrições impostas pela COVID-19. Através deste estudo, percebe-se a relevância do programa no desenvolvimento de fluência tecnológico-pedagógica dos profissionais da educação básica, atendendo às novas demandas que emergiram durante a pandemia e promovendo a igualdade social. A experiência do programa destaca a importância de cursos de formação como esses, capazes de fazer a diferença e democratizar o acesso a essas tecnologias, apesar dos desafios e dificuldades encontrados no caminho. Esse artigo, portanto, contribui para a compreensão das ações e estratégias necessárias para capacitar educadores no contexto da educação híbrida e da cultura digital.No atual contexto de crescente integração entre a educação híbrida, a cultura digital e a aprendizagem com o auxílio de tecnologias, é imprescindível aprofundar a compreensão das concepções e práticas associadas a esse novo cenário. O artigo “Educación Híbrida: Concepciones, Intenciones y Condiciones”, de Jordi Quintana Albalat, oferece uma análise crítica e reflexiva das concepções da educação híbrida e dos recursos didáticos relacionados, incluindo a sala de aula invertida e a generalização da implantação de plataformas virtuais na educação. Ao examinar as implicações sociais, de controle e de negócio dessas práticas, o autor enfatiza a importância das condições básicas para a educação híbrida, que incluem aspectos tecnológicos, pedagógicos e de conteúdo, alinhados ao modelo de Conhecimentos Disciplinares, Pedagógicos e Tecnológicos (CDPT ou TPACK). Além disso, Jordi acrescenta uma quarta condição essencial para a educação híbrida, a contextual e socioeconômica, abordando a lacuna digital e a desigualdade no acesso e uso de tecnologias pelos estudantes. Esse artigo contribui significativamente para a reflexão sobre a necessidade de equilibrar as condições tecnológicas, pedagógicas e disciplinares na educação híbrida, assim como para destacar a importância de contextualizar e evitar a segregação por motivos socioeconômicos. Desse modo, o estudo oferece valiosos insights para aprimorar a implementação de práticas educacionais híbridas e promover uma educação mais igualitária e eficaz no contexto contemporâneo.É também no contexto da cultura digital e da aprendizagem auxiliada pelas tecnologias que a inteligência artificial ganha cada vez mais espaço em suas relações para com as práticas educacionais contemporâneas. Nessa senda, a pesquisa "Inteligência artificial, pós-humanismo e educação: entre o simulacro e a assemblagem", elaborada por Marcelo El Khouri Buzato, volta-se a produzir subsídios teóricos e empíricos para a prática de uma Linguística Aplicada pós-humanista que enfatiza o uso das TDIC no Brasil. O artigo perpassa por discussões que confrontam conceitos como humano e não-humano, abordando modos de relação entre mundo, tecnologia e seres humanos, debatendo, ainda, sobre a recepção das assim chamadas Inteligências Artificiais (IA). Trata-se de debate fulcral face ao desenvolvimento de recursos tecnológicos como o ChatGPT que precisamente colocam em pauta discussões acaloradas sobre o papel de ferramentas de IA face ao seu desenvolvimento e uso nos mais variados âmbitos como a educação. No texto, o autor conclui que a educação não pode se reduzir ao preconceito antropocêntrico que limita o todo da cognição a tão somente um de seus modos de atenção-conhecimento, o que acaba por redirecionar o mesmo preconceito aos próprios artefatos. O autor advoga superar a dicotomia entre humano/não-humano cuja suspensão é a base da crítica pós-humanista, direcionando-se para uma educação menos antropocêntrica e mais protetora da dignidade num sentido ecológico, onde tudo acaba por ter senciência e imaginação.No bojo da célere expansão das experiências educacionais mais híbridas, imbuídas de tantas possibilidades tecnológicas digitais, há que se considerar o papel e a importância do desenvolvimento da EaD. O texto de Constantino Dias da Cruz Neto, Vanessa Battestin, Miguel Fabrício Zamberlan, Marcio Daniel Santos Damascendo e Filipe Andrade La Gatta, intitulado "Retrato da institucionalização da EaD na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional Tecnológica - 2021", aborda justamente a expansão e a consolidação da modalidade. No Brasil, sabe-se que a oferta de cursos a distância públicos ainda lida com o espectro do financiamento externo que imprime instabilidade às propostas. É nessa perspectiva que o debate sobre a incorporação orgânica da modalidade ganha força. O texto de Neto et al. busca, então, apresentar o retrato da institucionalização da EaD na Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, cuja pesquisa foi realizada em 2021 pelo Grupo de Trabalho de EaD criado pelo Conselho Nacional das Instituições da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional, Científica e Tecnológica (Conif). Como metodologia, o artigo lança mão do procedimento técnico de levantamento, por meio de um questionário, que foi respondido por todas as 41 instituições representadas pelo Conif e mais duas Escolas Técnicas, totalizando 43 respondentes. Na pesquisa, são analisadas categorias como estrutura da unidade gestora de EaD, quantitativos das ofertas dos cursos, presença de disciplinas a distância em cursos presenciais, dentre outros indicadores que são importantes para pensar o objeto. O artigo conclui que há avanço importante na Rede no que se refere à institucionalização, sobretudo quanto ao número de cursos a distância, alunos, campi de instituições atuando como polos, uso diversificado de metodologias etc. O estudo observa, ainda, que há necessidade de maior estruturação dos núcleos gestores de EaD, contratação de mais profissionais efetivos com funções gratificadas, esforços em pesquisa e extensão, além da necessidade de minimizar a resistência à modalidade.Não só na expansão atinente à modalidade a distância e às experiências híbridas, a cultura digital também é responsável pelo engendramento de novas ecologias que incidem sobre os processos pedagógicos. Nessa ótica, encontra-se o artigo "Ecologia da aprendizagem e cultura digital: a transcendência dos espaços instituídos na formação no ensino superior", escrito por Rosana Abutakka Vasconcelos dos Anjos e Katia Morosov Alonso. O texto almeja compreender a relação dos processos da aprendizagem formal com os vários tipos de informações e recursos educacionais atualmente disponíveis na internet. À luz de abordagem qualitativa, o texto, utilizando-se de observação participante, discute os resultados coletados com 15 estudantes do ensino superior na Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso. A análise dos dados parte do referencial propiciado pela teoria histórico-cultural, de modo que o artigo chega à conclusão de que os discentes reorganizam seus processos de aprendizagem mediante distintas ecologias por meio do uso da internet e seus recursos, tais como sites, textos digitais, vídeos e outros. Anjos e Alonso também asseveram que as interações, em meio a essas novas ecologias, ocorrem, em grande parte, por aplicativos de mensagens e interação on-line, de tal sorte que as práticas de estudo se consolidam pela relação mediadora das tecnologias. Os resultados do artigo permitem, aliás, corroborar que os estudantes transbordam da sala de aula e ultrapassam os conteúdos recebidos pelos docentes, o que indica a existência de um movimento fluido no ciberespaço que é bem característico da cultura digital.Como tópico de discussão fulcral na contemporaneidade que, durante a pandemia, certamente ganhou novos contornos, cita-se a educação especial. Ora, Camila Dias de Oliveira Sestito e Thiago Giroto Milani, no texto intitulado “Análise e reflexões sobre a educação especial no Brasil: o cenário de 2021”, buscam descrever concepções que alicerçam o desenvolvimento do Portal de Acessibilidade na Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp). A fim de estabelecer as análises pretendidas, o estudo recorre aos dados de acesso e interação dos usuários, enfatizando reflexões sobre o impacto e contribuição em face ao que os autores chamam de expansão de uma cultura inclusiva no ensino superior. O referido Portal é resultante de uma ação investigativa que se deu por meio de um sistema avaliativo composto por diferentes ferramentas e técnicas, destacando-se o Google Analytics. Com a pesquisa, Sestito e Milani conseguem mapear os dados de interação dos usuários nos espaços disponibilizados, identificando, também, quais foram os principais assuntos de interesse. Observa-se, assim, que os conteúdos abordados e os recursos disponibilizados no Portal são mundialmente acessados, o que, para os autores, possibilita ratificar que a temática da inclusão e a acessibilidade no ensino superior são demandas globais.Sem perder de vista as implicações da pandemia e do ensino remoto emergencial para as práticas pedagógicas, salienta-se as experiências que, durante o período pandêmico, com efeito ressignificaram o âmbito educacional. É nessa perspectiva que caminha o penúltimo artigo deste dossiê, intitulado "Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação - TIC nas práticas educacionais: um estudo a partir da ótica dos docentes de ciências contábeis frente ao ensino remoto". A pesquisa, elaborada por Giovanna Gomes Cure, Danielle Bueno Bueno, Flávia Verônica Silva Jacques e Cristiane Gularte Quintana, preocupa-se em investigar as TIC utilizadas pelos docentes nos cursos de graduação em Ciências Contábeis de Instituições de Ensino Superior (IES) públicas federais da região sul do Brasil. O estudo tem, como recorte, as experiências decorrentes do ensino remoto emergencial. No artigo, de abordagem quantitativa, aplicou-se um questionário on-line aos docentes que atuam nos cursos investigados. Diante dos dados coletados, os autores recorreram, quando da apreciação, a técnicas de levantamento e análise de frequência. Conforme Cure et al., a pesquisa evidenciou que a totalidade dos docentes participantes reconhece a importância das TIC, utilizando-as nos processos de ensino-aprendizagem. Como ponto positivo das experiências vivenciadas, destaca-se a facilidade de interação entre professores e alunos. Em contrapartida, como ponto negativo, o artigo constata a falta de formação docente adequada e de recursos oferecidos pelas instituições que sejam dedicados precisamente ao propósito da aprendizagem.Ainda no que respeita às experiências que decorreram da pandemia e, conseguintemente, do ensino remoto emergencial, o dossiê se encerra com o artigo de Jéssica Janaina Lima e Luciane Penteado Chaquime. O texto "Aprendizagem da docência na pandemia: tecnologias no exercício da profissão" enfoca o início da carreira docente, período em que os professores recém-formados podem vivenciar experiências enriquecedoras devido à exploração das possibilidades profissionais, mas, também, desafiadoras no que diz respeito à permanência na carreira. Isso porque é especialmente nos primeiros cinco anos de exercício da docência que os conhecimentos construídos durante a formação inicial são confrontados com a realidade da sala de aula, podendo ressignificar os saberes e favorecer a construção de novos, por um lado, e, por outro, gerar insegurança, dúvidas e questionamentos quanto a continuar ou não na docência. Nesse sentido, por meio da aplicação de um questionário e da realização de entrevistas, a pesquisa qualitativa empreendida pelas autoras junto a licenciados em Química do Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia de São Paulo (IFSP) revelou que a aprendizagem da docência durante o ensino remoto emergencial apresentou características relacionadas à sobrevivência na profissão, pois configurou-se num período de enormes dificuldades, angústias e desconfortos gerados pelos contexto de isolamento social. No entanto, as autoras verificaram que o momento propiciou o enriquecimento da Base de Conhecimento Docente ao possibilitar a construção de saberes relacionados ao uso das tecnologias no processo de ensino-aprendizagem. A partir das reflexões realizadas no artigo, destaca-se a importância de que a cultura digital, tão presente na contemporaneidade, seja incorporada à formação inicial de professores.Ao explorar este dossiê, você será instigado a ponderar sobre a aplicação da inteligência artificial e do pós-humanismo no âmbito educacional, além de confrontar os desafios inerentes à institucionalização da educação a distância no contexto da Rede Federal de Educação Profissional Tecnológica. Durante a leitura, será possível acompanhar discussões sobre a ecologia da aprendizagem e a cultura digital na formação no ensino superior, bem como inclusão, acessibilidade no Brasil e a utilização das Tecnologias de Informação e Comunicação (TIC) nas práticas educacionais, examinadas sob a ótica dos docentes de ciências contábeis em relação ao ensino remoto. Este é o momento oportuno para aprofundar-se nestas temáticas, descobrindo novos horizontes e compreendendo as transformações que estão delineando o futuro da educação.Dessa forma, estendemos o convite a todos (as) para embarcar nesta jornada de leitura e aprendizado. Esperamos que esta obra possa enriquecer e estimular ativamente as reflexões acerca da construção de um futuro educacional mais inclusivo, adaptável e inovador.

Ülkelerin gelir eşitsizliği ve vergi bileşimlerini araştırmak üzere bir ampirik analiz yapılmıştır. Bunun için öncelikle gayri safi yurtiçi hasılanın payı olarak gelir ile mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergi bileşimlerine göre ülkeler gruplandırılmıştır. Ülke gruplarını belirlemede kümeleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Daha sonra ülkelerin bu belirlenen kategorilerden birinde olmasının, ülkelerin Gini endeksi ile temsil edilen gelir eşitsizliği üzerinde bir etkisi olup olmadığı araştırılmıştır. Analizlerde içsellik sorunu ile başa çıkmak üzere araç değişkenler yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Buna göre ülkelerin vergi geliri bileşimlerinin gelir eşitsizliği ile ilişkisi olduğu doğrulanmıştır. Mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergi tutarlarından daha fazla gelir vergisi uygulayan ülkelerin, gelir eşitsizliği düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu, öte yandan mal ve hizmetlerden alınan vergilerin, gelirden elde edilen vergilere göre daha fazla olduğu ülkelerde ise gelir eşitsizliğinin daha yüksek olduğu bulunmuştur. Politika olarak etkin bir vergi bileşimi yapısı oluşturmak nihayetinde ekonomilerin eşitsizliği azaltmasına yardımcı olacaktır. Ayrıca maliye politikasının dağıtım etkisi potansiyelinin farkında olmak, vergi aracını daha iyi yönetmeye katkı sağlayacak ve böylelikle iktisadi gelişmeyi artıracaktır.

This study strives to describe how the nexus between capital structure (CAS) and firm performance (FIP) changes with and without earnings management (EAM), which previous studies have not fully addressed. For this purpose, we divide the FIP into discretionary performance (DIP) and non-discretionary performance (NDIP). Subsequently, we examine the effect of CAS on both with each studied separately to recognize the conceptual drivers in the nexus between CAS and FIP. We use the dataset of firms listed on Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HOSE) during the period from 2018 to 2022. Our findings reveal that there is a negative and noteworthy impact of CAS proxied by leverage on both DIP and NDIP, which is in line with trade-off theory (TOT) and pecking-order theory (POT). Because non-discretionary accruals (NDA) play an important role in EAM, firm action is consistent with TOT or POT and, thus, this study suggests dividing EAM into discretionary accruals (DA) and NDA to test CAS theories. Additionally, Vietnamese firms use EAM to lessen the negative effect of CAS and firm size. Finally, besides the theoretical contributions, the findings of this study have important empirical implications for managers, shareholders and other stakeholders.

This study analysed the finance-growth nexus for countries in the East African Community (EAC) and the Southern Africa Development Community (SADC). This was done an attempt to identify countries where Financial Sector Development (FSD) has the largest/least growth effect and the regional bloc moderation in such effect based on panel Error correction ARDL model. The aggregate data were obtained from the World Development Indicators (WDI) for a total of 14 countries, five (5) of which being in the EAC and the rest being in the SADC. The observations suggested that the regional bloc moderation effect transforms an otherwise insignificant effect of FSD on growth into a positive one specifically for broad money growth among the EAC member countries. This is a signal that a monetary union for EAC member countries could spur an overall welfare gain. Growth-finance nexus however, exhibited short and long run trade-offs in countries within the SADC. In the short run there have been significant GDP growth responses as a result of FSD but such effect turns out to be detrimental in the long run. As such difficult choices had to be made between addressing short run GDP volatility and achieving higher GDP growth in the SADC.

Abstract Background A pigmented lesion that progressively increases in size anywhere in the body is a matter of concern, and when it presents in the ear, it has various differential diagnosis, one among them being a benign nevus. In this case report, we present a rare and interesting case of a pigmented lesion in the aural concha and review the literature of the same. Case presentation A 40-year-old male presented with pigmented right aural conchal growth with easy bruising of 1-year duration. Initial evaluation reported as a possible hemangioma, and excision biopsy revealed a compound nevus. Conclusion Despite its rarity, we should consider compound nevus as a differential diagnosis of pigmented external ear lesions. Histopathological examination is considered confirmatory; hence, excision biopsy is the treatment of choice.

With globalization, the international fragmentation of production (IFP) splits the production process of final goods and services into several stages undertaken in different countries integrated into global production networks. BRICS + T countries have rapidly participated in the (IFP) process especially after 2000s. The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the nexus between BRICS+T countries’ participation in the global production networks and their economic development. The vertical specialization rate, as an indicator of this participation, had been calculated utilizing OECD Input-Output Tables. Subsequently, the development index was calculated utilizing economic-technological and cultural-institutional indicators published by World Bank. The vertical specialization’s impact on development was estimated utilizing the CS-ARDL estimator. The results revealed that while the vertical specialization has a statistically significant positive impact on development in the short term, a positive but not statistically significant impact was recorded in the long term. Konya (2006) causality test was performed to examine the causal relationship among the selected variables. The results revealed a one-way causality running from development to vertical specialization in China and Turkey and a one-way causality running from vertical specialization to development in Brazil. No causality relationship could be detected in other countries included in the analysis.

Sebaceous Glandhy Perplasia (SGH) is a common benign proliferative skin disorder, which most commonly involves the faces and usually appears as yellow, soft, umbilicated papules. But the clinical manifestations of SGH vary greatly. We presented a 40-year-old man with the flesh-colored to light brown linear plaque behind the right ear mimicking verrucous nevus clinically.