Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Nettoyage à la mousse"
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Al, Saabi Alexandre-Ahmad. "Mousses en écoulement pour le nettoyage d’équipements fermés contaminés par des spores de Bacillus cereus ou des biofilms de Pseudomonas fluorescens". Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1R015.
Texto completo da fonteContaminants such as spores/biofilms are problematic in many food industry sectors. Indeed even after hygiene procedures, biofilms/spores could be found on every surface that is in direct contact or not with food (Bénézech & Faille, 2018). Risks associated with microorganisms can be controlled either by limiting the number of adherent cells or by facilitating the removal of adherent bacteria. Even though Cleaning in Place (CIP) is widely used and it is a common cleaning practice in food industries; however, it remains at some level a high- water consumption procedure. In addition, some studies, presented some bacterial species that still survived even after CIP and maybe a probable source of product contamination. On the other hand, a double phase fluid such as foam can impose the same wall shear stress with less water being consumed. Foam with its properties such as shearing can be key a parameter for a mechanical cleaning of closed systems such as pipes with a lower consumption of water.In this study we investigated the effect of flowing foam in pipes and compared its efficiency with standard CIP like conditions on the detachment of spores and biofilms. The first approach was working with different foam flow regimes (1D, 2D, 3D while increasing the velocity from 2 to 6 cm s-1) having different foam qualities (amount of air: 50%, 60%, 70%) on different species of microorganisms where fouling was performed either by using spores of B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7 or B. cereus 98/4 that shows a difference by their hydrophobic/hydrophilic character. As for P. fluorescens pf1 it was used as a good biofilm former (24 hrs. biofilm) widely encountered in the food industry. Fouling was performed either vertically or horizontally inducing biofilms with different structures. Results from foam cleaning were compared with CIP like conditions results (the same mean mechanical action, and the same concentration of surfactant). The second approach was subjecting foam flow to different singularities (sudden expansion gradual reduction – bends) while working with one foam flow regime (1D 50%) and one species (B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7 spores) to highlight any changes in the foam flow cleaning efficiency. The third approach was working also with one species (B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7) considered as a good “microbial tool” producing foam from the use of different surfactants (SDS, Capstone® FS 30, Ammonyx® LO) that differs by their chemical properties ( nonionic, anionic and zwitterion) thus producing different foams having different physical properties in terms of bubbles size , number and repartition, and flow pattern. Comparing to previous related works on foam flow characterization, it was possible to highlight the potential role on the cleaning efficiency of the Wall Shear Stress variations in parallel to the liquid film thickness variation at the wall with the bubbles' passage. In addition, according to previous work, the possible capillary forces exerted under the lowest flow rates and considering the hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of the spores, in addition to biofilm structure would explain at least partly the surprising efficiency in the spores' removal by foam
Al, Saabi Alexandre-Ahmad. "Mousses en écoulement pour le nettoyage d’équipements fermés contaminés par des spores de Bacillus cereus ou des biofilms de Pseudomonas fluorescens". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LILUR015.
Texto completo da fonteContaminants such as spores/biofilms are problematic in many food industry sectors. Indeed even after hygiene procedures, biofilms/spores could be found on every surface that is in direct contact or not with food (Bénézech & Faille, 2018). Risks associated with microorganisms can be controlled either by limiting the number of adherent cells or by facilitating the removal of adherent bacteria. Even though Cleaning in Place (CIP) is widely used and it is a common cleaning practice in food industries; however, it remains at some level a high- water consumption procedure. In addition, some studies, presented some bacterial species that still survived even after CIP and maybe a probable source of product contamination. On the other hand, a double phase fluid such as foam can impose the same wall shear stress with less water being consumed. Foam with its properties such as shearing can be key a parameter for a mechanical cleaning of closed systems such as pipes with a lower consumption of water.In this study we investigated the effect of flowing foam in pipes and compared its efficiency with standard CIP like conditions on the detachment of spores and biofilms. The first approach was working with different foam flow regimes (1D, 2D, 3D while increasing the velocity from 2 to 6 cm s-1) having different foam qualities (amount of air: 50%, 60%, 70%) on different species of microorganisms where fouling was performed either by using spores of B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7 or B. cereus 98/4 that shows a difference by their hydrophobic/hydrophilic character. As for P. fluorescens pf1 it was used as a good biofilm former (24 hrs. biofilm) widely encountered in the food industry. Fouling was performed either vertically or horizontally inducing biofilms with different structures. Results from foam cleaning were compared with CIP like conditions results (the same mean mechanical action, and the same concentration of surfactant). The second approach was subjecting foam flow to different singularities (sudden expansion gradual reduction – bends) while working with one foam flow regime (1D 50%) and one species (B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7 spores) to highlight any changes in the foam flow cleaning efficiency. The third approach was working also with one species (B. amyloliquefaciens 98/7) considered as a good “microbial tool” producing foam from the use of different surfactants (SDS, Capstone® FS 30, Ammonyx® LO) that differs by their chemical properties ( nonionic, anionic and zwitterion) thus producing different foams having different physical properties in terms of bubbles size , number and repartition, and flow pattern. Comparing to previous related works on foam flow characterization, it was possible to highlight the potential role on the cleaning efficiency of the Wall Shear Stress variations in parallel to the liquid film thickness variation at the wall with the bubbles' passage. In addition, according to previous work, the possible capillary forces exerted under the lowest flow rates and considering the hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of the spores, in addition to biofilm structure would explain at least partly the surprising efficiency in the spores' removal by foam
Dallagi, Heni. "Numerical and experimental investigations of the rheological behavior of foam flow : application to the cleaning of surfaces contaminated by microorganisms in the food industries". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR003.
Texto completo da fonteIn this research, experimental and numerical characterization of the rheological behavior of an aqueous foam flowing inside a horizontal pipe with and without singularities (presence of half-sudden expansion, and a fence) were investigated. Different conditions of foam flow were studied by varying the foam qualities (from 55% to 85%), and three Reynolds numbers (32, 65, and 97). Measurements of the pressure measurements, and at the wall the local velocity repartition and the thickness of the liquid films using respectively pressure sensors, Particle Image Velocimetry, and a conductimetry technique shown a reorganization of the foam downstream the geometry change, with a thicker liquid film at the duct bottom, larger bubble sizes at the top, as well as a larger foam void fraction increased from the bottom to the top part of the duct section. In addition, foam would present a visco-elastic character comparable to a non-Newtonian monophasic liquid. Computational Fluid Dynamics simulations were undertaken to predict this rheological behavior of the foam, the two models Herschel-Bulkley and Bingham were tested taken into account the presence of an underlying liquid film at the bottom of the channel . Comparison between experimental and numerical results showed that regardless of the foam quality, Herschel-Bulkley model could accurately describe the rheological behaviour of the aqueous foam under the different flow conditions analysed.The second target was to investigate the ability of a wet foam flow (quality of 50%) to clean stainless-steel surfaces contaminated by microorganisms. For this purpose, two different contamination patterns were studied, droplets containing Bacillus subtilis spores (either hydrophilic Bs PY79 or hydrophobic Bs PY79 spsA), and biofilms produced by three bacteria strains encountered in food industry production plants (Escherichia coli SS2, Bacillus cereus 98/4, and Pseudomonas fluorescens Pf1). Different flow conditions were performed by varying the wall shear stresses (2.2 - 13.2 Pa), and bubble sizes (0.18-0.34 mm) in a straight duct with no geometrical changes, in order to identify the mechanisms of contamination release and thus better control and optimize the foam cleaning process. Results show that compared to conventional cleaning-in-place, foam flow effectively removed Bs spores as well as Bc-98/4, Ec-SS2, and Pf1 biofilms. Moreover, the combination of high shear stress at the wall and small bubble sizes (<0.2 mm) showed promise for improving the cleaning efficiency of spores. On the other hand, a clear improvement of the biofilm removal was observed when increasing the mean wall shear stress. The characterization of the foam and the interface phenomenons (using polarography, conductimetry, and bubble size analysis methods) indicated that mechanisms such as fluctuation in local wall shear stresses, or in the liquid film thickness between the bubbles and the steel wall induced by bubble passage, foam imbibition, and sweeping of the contamination within the liquid film could participate largely to the removal mechanisms. Finally, the life cycle assessment study demonstrated that foam flow cleaning could be a suitable technique to reduce water and energy consumption (7 and 8 times less, respectively) presenting less environmental impacts than CIP processes, with about 70%. Lastly, foam flow cleaning can be an alternative method, which can improve efficiency and reduce environmental impact. Additional activities conducted during the PhD period related to hygienic design are presented highlighting the role of the contaminants (spores and biofilms), the material (other than stainless steel) and the geometry (ducts or more complex design) in hygiene monitoring
Rouyer, Florence. "Quelques études de la physique des écoulements d'une mousse et dans une mousse". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris-Est, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00682720.
Texto completo da fonteSergent, Delphine. "Validation d'un système de nettoyage automatique". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P071.
Texto completo da fonteCheddadi, Ibrahim. "Modélisation numérique d'écoulements de mousse". Phd thesis, Grenoble, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00497436.
Texto completo da fonteHody, Virginie. "Préparation de surfaces industrielles par plasmas froids : contribution à l'étude des mécanismes élémentaires d'interaction entre une post-décharge N2-O2 et l'hexatriacontane". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004INPL105N.
Texto completo da fonteThe presented works deal with preparation of industrial surfaces and more particularly with surface cleaning by plasma. In order to clarify the role played by the different active species during the surface cleaning, we studied the mechanisms of interaction between Nz-Oz post-discharges and hexatriacontane. The hexatriacontane modifications have been brought to the fore by means of numerous analytical techniques (weighing, elementary chemical analysis, Fourier transformed infrared analysis, size exclusion chromatography analysis). We studied also the gas phase by optical emission spectroscopy and determined the concentrations of atomic oxygen and nitrogen by NO titration for some gas mixtures. The correlation of these experimental results with the modeling results of the post-discharge permitted to determine precisely what are the species and the reactional mechanisms which take place during the fonctionnalisation and the grafting of the polymer. Owing to the conclusions obtained during these basic studies, it was possible to apprehend more easily the three industrial problematics submitted as a part of the TIAG ministerial project. Then we have studied the surface preparation of copper samples by radio-frequency and pulsed DC plasmas, the surface preparation of samples in copper-lead alloy by pulsed DC plasmas and finally, the elimination by pulsed DC plasmas of the contaminants which can sweat from polycarbonate and polysulfone samples
Dollet, Benjamin. "ÉCOULEMENTS BIDIMENSIONNELS DE MOUSSE AUTOUR D'OBSTACLES". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00119699.
Texto completo da fontePITTET, NICOLAS. "Thermodynamique et structure de la mousse". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997STR13011.
Texto completo da fonteRaven, Jan-Paul. "Micro-mousse : génération, écoulement et manipulation". Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10191.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is on the edge of two domains: foam rheology and microfluidics. We present how to create a foam in a microfluidic channel system with a typical smallest dimension for the bubbles of 100 μm and we study its flow. After recalling the state of the art in two-phase microfluidics and 2D foam flows, we present the ensemble of experimental techniques that allow to produce the channel system and image the resulting flow. Then, we investigate microfluidic foam generation using the flow focusing technique. We measure the dependence of the foam properties (liquid fraction, topology) on the input parameters and geometry. We show that the rheology of the foam flow is very non-linear. The pressure-flow rate relation notably presents a threshold, a power law, and discontinuities related to topology transitions. We bring into evidence a retroactive effect of the flow in the channel on foam formation, that leads to a rich dynamical behaviour. We notably find an oscillation between different topologies that we relate to an instability that can either be advected, stationary or absolute. We eventually investigate a method to apply forces on the two-phase flow by ultrasound, to manipulate the foam externally
Raven, Jan-Paul. "Micro-mousse : génération, écoulement et manipulation". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00192819.
Texto completo da fonteLatrubesse, Anne. "Validation des procédures de nettoyage d'une turbine Glatt". Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR2P074.
Texto completo da fonteYace, N'drin Fernande. "Nettoyage du matériel de production : procédures et validation". Bordeaux 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999BOR2P011.
Texto completo da fonteGalhardas, Héléna. "Nettoyage de données : modèle, langage déclaratif et algorithmes". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS0032.
Texto completo da fonteThe problem od data cleaning, which consists of removing inconsistencies and errors from original data sets, is well know in the area of decision support systems and data warehouses. This holds regardless of the application-relational database joining, web-related, or scientific. In all cases, existing ETL (Extraction transformation Loading) and data cleaning tools for writing data cleaning programs are insufficient. The main challenge is the design and implementation of a data flow graph that effectivrly generates clean data. Needed improvements to the current state of the art include (i) a clear separation between the logical specification of data transformations and their physical implementation (ii) debugging of the reasoning behind cleaning results, (iii) and interactive facilities to tune a data cleaning program. This thesis presents a langage, an execution model and algorithms that enable users to express data cleaning specifications declaratively and perform the cleaning efficiently. We use as an example a set of bibliographic references used to construct the Citeseer web site. The underlying data integration problem is to derive structured and clean textual records so that meaningful queries can be performed. Experimental results report on the assesment of the proposed framework for data cleaning
Hoballah, Hussein. "Disproportionnement; structure et rhéologie d'une mousse aqueuse". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MARN0263.
Texto completo da fonteLanglois, Steve. "Etude des electrodes volumiques de mousse metallique". Rennes 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988REN10034.
Texto completo da fonteLanglois, Steve. "Etude des électrodes volumiques de mousse métallique". Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376149559.
Texto completo da fonteDel, Campo Estrada Estefania. "Ecoulements de mousse pour la dépollution d'aquifères". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0101/document.
Texto completo da fonteAquifer pollution with hydrocarbons is very persistent and difficult to treat, becoming a major issue for the environment because of the negative effect on human health. In situ foam generation combined with soil washing is an innovative remediation technology that allows a better fluid mobility control in heterogeneous formations. The purpose of this method is to block the flow through the high permeability layers in order to improve the sweep efficiency of low permeability strata.The thesis is divided into two main parts describing an experimental study and a numerical study.A preliminary selection of environmentally-friendly surfactants was carried out on the basis of their foamability. Sucrose laurate (emulsifier from food industry) was selected and compared with a conventional surfactant. 1-D column tests were performed to study the influence of permeability, surfactant type and foam quality on the resistance factor. The results, interpreted using the capillary pressure, show two flow regimes, corresponding to the two foam textures: "weak" and "strong". Experiments on 2-D heterogeneous pilot allowed visualizing the different steps of the remediation process and comparing the sweep efficiency with and without a region blocked by foam.The numerical part includes modeling 1-D column tests using UTCHEM, a sensitivity study of the most important parameters of the model, and a simulation of tracer tests on 2-D pilot using MODFLOW
Cepik, Sibel. "Developpement d'une mousse rectale a action ciblee". Strasbourg 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995STR15011.
Texto completo da fonteAttal, Yasser. "Optimisation d'un procédé de nettoyage et de décontamination des surfaces métalliques par laser : conception d'un système laser associé". Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ECAP0639.
Texto completo da fonteFiliatrault, Alexandre. "Nettoyage d'une carte de primitives par appariement et relaxation". Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24738/24738.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteCabrit, Florence. "Validation des procédés de nettoyage du matériel de laboratoire". Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P101.
Texto completo da fonteAquevedo, Salazar Adriana Andrea. "Aplicación de colorantes funcionales en postre tipo mousse". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2005. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/105448.
Texto completo da fonteAverty, Florent. "Antenne source pour lentille homogène en technologie mousse". Brest, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BRES2005.
Texto completo da fonteLow orbit satellite communications require the implementation of low cost, wide angle scanning antennas, with high gain. The use of a spherical dielectric homogeneous lens as a focusing system, with two motorized primary sources, allows to solve this problem of large angular cover. However, aberration phenomena appears at the exit of such lenses, decreasing strongly the antenna's efficiency. The primary source, implemented in this thesis, whose design methodology is based on Robieux' theorem, uses the metallized foam technology flexibility and is made of a conical wave guide horn with a floating dielectric insert, located inside the horn, allowing to match the horn's field distribution to the lens one's. Aberrations generated by the lens, characterized precisely in 3D, are thus minimized, the antenna's efficiency being similar to the efficiency achieved with perfect focusing system such as the Luneberg lens
Raufaste, Christophe. "Rhéologie et imagerie des écoulements 2D de mousse". Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10190.
Texto completo da fonteThis work is related to the field of liquid foams rheology. Liquid foams are an example of complex fluid, with a behaviour between an elastic solid and a viscous liquid. The structure (bubbles) can be easily seen, especially in 2D (one bubble monolayer), making the foam a model system. We present here how we create a flow, both experimentally (Hele-Shaw cell) and numerically (Monte Carlo simulations). Flow velocity and liquid fraction can be easily changed. The foam is constrained to flow around an obstacle, making the flow heterogeneous. The state of the structure (bubbles elongation, rearrangements) is measured and related to the mechanical properties. We test a modelling based on continuous equations. Effects due to the confinement are observed: friction on the plates, instability
Leclercq-Perlat, Marie-Noëlle. "Etude du nettoyage des échangeurs à plaques destinés à la pasteurisation et à la stérilisation à Ultra-Haute-Température du lait". Lille 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LIL10110.
Texto completo da fonteFeve, Séverine. "Validation du nettoyage appliquée à du matériel de développement industriel". Bordeaux 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR2P055.
Texto completo da fonteDoumbia, Faman. "Étude du nettoyage de surfaces encrassées par des produits carnés". 63-Aubière : Impr. U.E.R. Sci, 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36110021j.
Texto completo da fonteMinotti-Vu, Ngoc Delphine. "Marginalité et répression en Colombie : le cas du "nettoyage social"". Grenoble 3, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002GRE39006.
Texto completo da fonteCalendreau, Christelle. "Validation du nettoyage du matériel de production d'un laboratoire pharmaceutique". Bordeaux 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995BOR2P094.
Texto completo da fonteManad, Otman. "Nettoyage de corpus web pour le traitement automatique des langues". Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080011.
Texto completo da fonteCorpora are the main material of computer linguistics and natural language processing. Not many languages have corpora made from web resources (forums, blogs, etc.), even those that do not have other resources. Web resources contain lots of noise (menus, ads, etc.). Filtering boilerplate and repetitive data requires a large-scale manual cleaning by the researcher.This thesis presents an automatic system that construct web corpus with a low level of noise.It consists of three modules : (a) one for building corpora in any language and any type of data, intended to be collaborative and preserving corpus history; (b) one for crawling web forums and blogs; (c) one for extracting relevant data using clustering techniques with different distances, from the structure of web page.The system is evaluated in terms of the efficacy of noise filtering and of computing time. Our experiments, made on four languages, are evaluated using our own gold standard corpus. To measure quality, we use recall, precision and F-measure. Feature-distance and Jaro distance give the best results, but not in the same contexts, feature-distance having the best average quality.We compare our method with three methods dealing with the same problem, Nutch, BootCat and JusText. The performance of our system is better as regards the extraction quality, even if for computing time, Nutch and BootCat dominate
Manad, Otman. "Nettoyage de corpus web pour le traitement automatique des langues". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080011.
Texto completo da fonteCorpora are the main material of computer linguistics and natural language processing. Not many languages have corpora made from web resources (forums, blogs, etc.), even those that do not have other resources. Web resources contain lots of noise (menus, ads, etc.). Filtering boilerplate and repetitive data requires a large-scale manual cleaning by the researcher.This thesis presents an automatic system that construct web corpus with a low level of noise.It consists of three modules : (a) one for building corpora in any language and any type of data, intended to be collaborative and preserving corpus history; (b) one for crawling web forums and blogs; (c) one for extracting relevant data using clustering techniques with different distances, from the structure of web page.The system is evaluated in terms of the efficacy of noise filtering and of computing time. Our experiments, made on four languages, are evaluated using our own gold standard corpus. To measure quality, we use recall, precision and F-measure. Feature-distance and Jaro distance give the best results, but not in the same contexts, feature-distance having the best average quality.We compare our method with three methods dealing with the same problem, Nutch, BootCat and JusText. The performance of our system is better as regards the extraction quality, even if for computing time, Nutch and BootCat dominate
Abbadie, Alexandra. "Nettoyage chimique humide de surfaces silicium (appliqué au recyclage), nettoyage chimique humide et préparation de surface d'alliages silicium-germanium et de couches de germanium pur". Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30082.
Texto completo da fonteBRISSONNET, FLORENCE. "Identification de composes mousse-actifs des vins de champagne". Reims, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992REIM5002.
Texto completo da fonteHourtané, Virginie. "Écoulement de mousse dans des modèles de milieux poreux". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0330/document.
Texto completo da fonteCrude oil is already usually trapped into heterogeneous porous media. In order to increase the recovery efficiency, one of the chemical solutions consists in injecting foams in porous media to expel oil from the rock. Foam is indeed able in some cases to greatly decrease the mobility, leading to a better sweeping of the reservoir. However, the mechanisms controlling the foam mobility are not well known. We propose a microfluidic approach allowing a direct observation of the flow of bubbles in a model of porous media. We observe that the flow is not homogeneous in the porous medium: it is concentrated in some paths. The number of these preferential paths depends of the foam quality and the capillary number. If we simplify the geometry of the porous medium to a loop, we prove that the formation of preferential paths depends of the size of the loop. Indeed we can only immobilize the bubbles if the size of the loop is around the size of the bubbles
Chen, Xing. "Mécanisme de salissage et de nettoyage en surface de matériaux polymères". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/8872.
Texto completo da fonteAbstract: The development of industrial polymers provides more choices to the design of flooring materials. Rubbers, PVC and linoeleum are the most used polymers in the flooring industry. This project stems from the problem of cleanability (ease of cleaning) of the surface of rubber tile flooring which is known as a soft, sticky and rough surface. In the introduction, the current situation of research on the polymer flooring industry, especially the study on the cleaning problem will be introduced. The relevant theory and general information on polymers, polymer composites and surface science will be introduced in CHAPTER 1. In CHAPTER 2 different approaches, protocols and equipment to evaluate cleanability will be presented. The initial experiments and results (CHAPTER 3) will involve various fundamental concepts on surface wettability, roughness and hardness, as these properties can all influence the surface soiling and cleanability. In single-polymer systems, dozens of polymer materials with a hydrophobic or hydrophilic surface were investigated to observe their soiling and cleaning properties. The effect of roughness was also studied by surface printing method which is used to control the surface topography. Likewise, the influence of surface hardness on cleanability was also investigated with different polymer materials. From the above results and observations, a surface soiling/cleaning model is proposed in attempt to simplify the ― rules ‖ which determine the surface cleanability. Finally, peroxide crosslinking was investigated as a matrix modification method to improve the surface cleanability. The second part of the experiments and results (CHAPTER 4) extends to investigations of polymer blends, in attempt to optimize the performance of single-polymer materials. In this chapter, the surface cleaning model and its relevant rules are examined by the wettability, roughness and hardness tests discussed in CHAPTER 3. The influence of immiscibility on cleaning performance will be discussed in polymer blends from the point of view of thermodynamics (DSC) and morphology (SEM). In order to improve the compatibility in polymer blends, peroxide crosslinking was performed in EPDM/ (E-ran-MAA(Zn)-ran-BuMA) blends. The dosage of curing (cross-linking) agent and curing time were investigated to observe the influence of these experimental conditions on cleanability. Finally, a blend compatibilizer was designed to improve the compatibility of the EPDM/ (E-ran-MAA(Zn)-ran-BuMA)/HSR blends.The compatibilizer prepared by partial pre-crosslinking of EPDM (Nordel) and E-ran-MAA(Zn)-ran-BuMA (Surlyn) was incorpo rated in polymer composites and its influence on cleanability was studied and explained on the basis of changes in morphology of the blend polymer matrix.
Tardif, François. "Etude des procédés de nettoyage des substrats de silicium en microélectronique". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX22090.
Texto completo da fonteReyssat, François. "Dominations et résistances au travail : enquête sur l'expérience corporelle des ouvrières et ouvriers du nettoyage". Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC031.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is about relations of dominance and the resistances they cause in cleaning work. More precisely, our subject is the corporeal experience of the cleaning workers. The study is based on an immersion of the author, who worked as a cleaner in three companies — two cleaning companies and a nursery. The data collected during this immersion are completed by interviews and quantitative data analysis. We can consider cleaners as a specific professional group, which is based on a shared social reality. The thesis then highlights an objective structure of the work, relations of dominance, bodies which are re-defined re-affirmed, or contested, using particularities of cleaning work, especially the fact that cleaning means producing an absence (of dirt). Some cleaners consider themselves « professionals » of cleaning, but a majority do not identify much to their work. Indeed, those individuals are dealing with some wider mecanisms. It is impossible to understand the actions and representations of cleaning workers without considering the fact they are also members of the working class, and evolve in a world which is not ruled only by their specific occupation
Gorlier, François. "Rhéologie des mousses de fluides complexes". Thesis, Paris Est, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PESC1227/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe subject of this experimental thesis is the study of the rheology of complex fluid foams. The use of model materials allows decoupling the effects of the bubbles and the complex fluid on the rheological behavior of the foams. In particular, we characterize the elastic modulus and the yield stress of particle-loaded foams and emulsion foams. The rheology of particle-loaded foams is highly dependent on the size ratio between the particle and the interstitial foam network (node and the so called “Plateau borders”). When the particles are small enough to be included in the foam network, they can form a compact granular skeleton. This structure put in place by the drainage of the suspension substantially increases the value of the elastic modulus of the particle-loaded foams. Indeed, the confinement exerted by the bubbles on the granular skeleton is at the origin of the elasticity of the matrix (skeleton). As the size of the particles increases, they are excluded from the foam network and the elastic modulus of the foam particles decreases with the disappearance of the matrix. Particle foams with a granular skeleton have the advantage of having two distinct sources of elasticity: the capillary elasticity of the bubbles and the elasticity of the granular skeleton. These two contributions can be summed up to model the macroscopic elastic modulus of the foam, this is not the case for emulsion foams. Indeed, there is a coupling between bubbles and the emulsion matrix. The introduction of elastic capillary number and the Bingham number allows to describe the respective evolution of the elastic modulus and the yield stress of the emulsion foams. Finally, the analysis of the yield stress of these two types of foams enables to identify the matrix of particles as a yield stress fluid, and forms an interesting parallel between these two foams that are a priori dissimilar
Labiausse, Vincent. "Rhéologie non linéaire des mousses aqueuses". Université de Marne-la-Vallée, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MARN0194.
Texto completo da fonteBenabdeljalil, Kamal. "Contribution à l'étude du transfert gazeux interbulles à l'intérieur de mousses soumises au drainage gravitationnel de leurs films liquides". Pau, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PAUU3008.
Texto completo da fonteGuene, Elhadji Mama. "Réaction d'une mousse monodisperse 2D soumise à une déformation cyclique". Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00514948.
Texto completo da fonteMarchalot, Julien. "Étude du vieillissement d’une mousse bidimensionnelle dans un système microfluidique". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009DENS0017.
Texto completo da fonteGarsot, Nikolaz. "Modélisation numérique du comportement mécanique des composites mousse métallique-polymère". Troyes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009TROY0008.
Texto completo da fonteMetal foams have interesting properties for industrial purposes. Still, combining these foams with other materials can greater improve their properties. This work takes part in the development of composites consisted of metal foams and polymers. Its aim is to complete their mechanical and structural characterization which already begun several years ago. The results of this study highlight a strong relationship between the mechanical properties of the composites, the volume fraction, the nature and the morphology of constitutive materials. A model was developed to predict the mechanical behavior of the composites taking into account these interactions. A homogenization method was adopted using elasto-viscoplasticity models with non linear hardening coupled with isotropic ductile damage in the finite deformation framework. After the implementation in ABAQUS via user subroutine, this method was tested in two kinds of compression tests. Good agreements with experimental results were obtained: the macroscopic response, the damage initiation and propagation were correctly predicted. These are very promising for the applications to more complex loading cases by adding thermal and cyclic effects into the model
Vanhaecke, Estelle. "Supports de catalyseurs à base de mousse de β-SiC". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/restreint/theses_doctorat/2008/VANHAECKE_Estelle_2008.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteCellular solids receive an increasing interest the last years due to their biggest advantage compared to the honeycombs – your lightness. The aim of this work is to use b-SiC foam as a macrostructure and to study its application as a support for the nanostructures, as a catalyst support as well as a physical support for the particulate matter filtration combustion in the exhaust gas. The first part of this work consists in developing a new composite constituted by a network of SiC nanofibers anchored on the macroscopic SiC foam. The introduction of a dense and homogeneous network of SiC nanofibers led to the formation of hybrid material with specific surface area higher than 50 m2/g. The second part deals with the synthesis of supported zeolite on ceramic host structures for the production of dimethyl ether by methanol dehydration. The study shows that no matter the Si/Al ratio the zeolite is strongly attached to the silicon carbide surface and the the obtained composites are very active and stable in the reaction of dehydration. In addition the selectivity towards DME stays excellent, superior of 95%. The high stability is attributed to the presence of a highly dispersed zeolite particles with micrometer size favoring the accessibilitt of the reactants to the active sites and quick transfer of intermediate product, i. E. DME, out from the catalyst bed. In the last part, the β-SiC foam was proposed as a novel type of SiC based Diesel Particulate Filter for deep-bed filtration on real bench test. The results confirm the high filtration potential of this system. Our system presents many advantages which make it especially interesting in the automotive industry: good mechanical strength, good filtration efficiency and low pressure drop. The balance point was obtained at 360°C with low pressure drop amounted to about 150 mbar
Peltier, Jean-Pierre. "Méthodologie pour la validation du nettoyage de la verrerie de laboratoires d'analyses". Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05P214.
Texto completo da fonteDRESCH, MARLENE. "Procedes a membrane de regeneration des solutions de nettoyage de l'industrie laitiere". Rennes, Agrocampus Ouest, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NSARD027.
Texto completo da fonteAngeli, Jean-Marc. "Formulations et procédés de nettoyage et d'entretien à faible incidence sur l'environnement". Aix-Marseille 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993AIX30022.
Texto completo da fonteLissonde, Anne. "Validation du nettoyage d'une chaine de production aprés fabrication d'un produit antimitotique". Bordeaux 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994BOR2P069.
Texto completo da fontePouvreau, Jérôme. "Contribution à la modélisation de la décontamination par mousse liquide : étude expérimentale et théorique de l'écoulement de la mousse et du film liquide formé en paroi". Grenoble INPG, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPG0033.
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