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Pavoni, Andrea. "Profanating Gastro-Normativity". Cultural Politics 16, n.º 3 (1 de novembro de 2020): 367–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/17432197-8593564.
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This article explores the making and tasting of wine through the anonymous processes of nonhuman consumption that participate in the production of its relational ontology (the terroir) and shape its visceral encounter with the human tongue (taste). First, the author defines a notion of consumption that is neither reduced to the human, the subjective, or the phenomenological nor dematerialized into sociocultural or politico-economic anthropic schemes. Second, he explores wine’s terroir as a prism through which to challenge the two main ideologies that frame the contemporary wine world: a normative territoriality premised on spatio-legal frameworks, and a consumer-oriented marketing approach. Third, the author introduces the natural wine movement, an umbrella term loosely gathering different wine makers who share a common reaction against those ideologies. In the constellation of thinking, making, and tasting that constitute the movement, he finds the lineament of a strategic materialism that aims to make visible and is open toward the agency of the nonhuman matter, and which does so by addressing simultaneously wine’s terroir and taste, by means of profanating their taken-for-granted normativity. The article concludes by suggesting that this strategy may hold promising insights for implementing radical food politics in the age of agro-industrial capitalism.
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Lecasse, Florian, Raphaël Vallon, Frédéric Polak, Clara Cilindre, Bertrand Parvitte, Gérard Liger-Belair e Virginie Zéninari. "An Infrared Laser Sensor for Monitoring Gas-Phase CO2 in the Headspace of Champagne Glasses under Wine Swirling Conditions". Sensors 22, n.º 15 (2 de agosto de 2022): 5764. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22155764.
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In wine tasting, tasters commonly swirl their glasses before inhaling the headspace above the wine. However, the consequences of wine swirling on the chemical gaseous headspace inhaled by tasters are barely known. In champagne or sparkling wine tasting, starting from the pouring step, gas-phase carbon dioxide (CO2) is the main gaseous species that progressively invades the glass headspace. We report the development of a homemade orbital shaker to replicate wine swirling and the upgrade of a diode laser sensor (DLS) dedicated to monitoring gas-phase CO2 in the headspace of champagne glasses under swirling conditions. We conduct a first overview of gas-phase CO2 monitoring in the headspace of a champagne glass, starting from the pouring step and continuing for the next 5 min, with several 5 s swirling steps to replicate the natural orbital movement of champagne tasters. The first results show a sudden drop in the CO2 concentration in the glass headspace, probably triggered by the liquid wave traveling along the glass wall following the action of swirling the glass.
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Carey, Victoria Anne, Dawid Saayman, Eben Archer, Gérard Barbeau e Mike Wallace. "Viticultural terroirs in Stellenbosch, South Africa. I. The identification of natural terroir units". OENO One 42, n.º 4 (31 de dezembro de 2008): 169. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/oeno-one.2008.42.4.809.
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<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: A natural terroir unit (NTU) can be defined as a unit of land that is characterized by relatively homogenous topography, climate, geological substrate and soil. The mapping of NTUs is the first stage of data acquisition in a terroir study. This study aimed to identify NTUs using a Geographic Information System and to characterize the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District using existing digital information at the scale of a wine producing district.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: The study area is bordered by mountains, situated close to the Atlantic Ocean and bisected by the Eerste river valley, resulting in notable spatial variation of all climatic parameters. The geology is complex due to the high degree of tectonic movement and mixing of parent material. Terrain morphological units, altitude, aspect and soil type were used as primary keys/variables for the identification of NTUs. Each of the identified units was further described with respect to the extent of the expected sea breeze effect and, for certain of the soil types, the associated parent material. A total of 1389 NTUs were identified in the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Many of the natural terroir units identified for the Stellenbosch Wine of Origin District are of a size that is not economically or practically viable.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The natural terroir units should be grouped into larger, more manageable and thus more viable terroir units using data relating their viticultural and oenological potential. This task will be addressed in subsequent companion papers.</p>
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Zarifian, Arman. "Mixture and Transformation in Aristotle’s De generatione et corruptione". Peitho. Examina Antiqua 9, n.º 1 (13 de dezembro de 2018): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/pea.2018.1.4.
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In his works on natural sciences, primarily in the Physics, Aristotle focuses on different forms of metabolē and distinguishes movement in general from substantial change. The On generation and corruption deals with the latter. When reading this treatise, one should pay particular attention to the concept of mixture. Apart from being the subject of a specific chapter (I 10), the problem of mixture permeates the whole work. But what exactly is mixture? Is it a simple combination of small parts? Can a compound of water and wine be called mixture? If so, is this mixture and nothing more? In the course of the discussion, it is argued that the Aristotelian idea of mixis does not correspond to the concept that is usually associated with it. Rather, it is shown that mixis is fundamental for comprehending the physical world and constitutes not only the term per quem the first elements of all material bodies originate, but also plays a fundamental role in all natural sciences, particularly, in biology.
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VĂRZARU, CRISTI. "DRĂGĂȘANI VINEYARD DISPLAYS FAVORABLE CLIMATE CONDITIONS FOR THE GROWING OF VINE VARIETIES THAT ARE GRAPE-PRODUCING INTENDED FOR FRESH CONSUMPTION". "Annals of the University of Craiova - Agriculture, Montanology,Cadastre Series " 51, n.º 1 (18 de dezembro de 2020): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.52846/aamc.2021.01.23.
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In the researches made on the climatic offer from the Drăgășani vineyards, analysed during the period 2010 - 2020, I discover that its miraculously shaped by nature terrain, with an infinite variety of shapes, slopes and exhibitions and with a contented dosed scale of altitudes; the most favourable basic climatic features, marked particularly by the absence of any excesses or insufficiencies; its location along the Olt river valley, which ensures an easy, permanent movement of the air, always disposing of a good humidity even in July - August, the warmest months - all these are natural conditions that decided that the most gifted and sweet Romanian and foreign varieties to find in Drăgășani the most favourable environment to fully express the breadth of their skills. This is the place of origin for many local vine varieties, producing grapes for wine or for fresh consumption
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Vukojević, Dajana, Siniša Berjan, Bilal El e Jana Čarkadžić. "State and perspectives of gastronomic tourism in Bosnia and Herzegovina: Case of Herzegovina region". Turizam 25, n.º 4 (2021): 201–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/turizam25-29591.
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Gastronomic tourism represents an important aspect in the tourism environment and is often a central segment of the tourist experience. The paper aims at analysing gastronomic tourism offer in the Herzegovina region (Bosnia and Herzegovina), taking into consideration its natural and cultural characteristics, and providing recommendations for its improvement. Primary data were collected by face-to-face interviews carried out with rural tourism stakeholders, managers of tourist organizations, owners of catering facilities, winery owners and local food producers as well as a survey with visitors (tourists). Field research was conducted in July 2019 in seven cities and/or municipalities of the Herzegovina region (Mostar, Trebinje, Capljina, Ljubuski, Bileca, Nevesinje and Gacko). The first part of the paper illustrates Herzegovina as a destination rich in natural and cultural attractions with a focus on traditional cuisine. In the second part, based on the research results, the situation is assessed and recommendations for the future development of gastronomic tourism are given in order to improve the existing tourist offer. Many actors in tourism (e.g. hotels, restaurants, local community, etc.) have realized the importance of gastronomy as a catalyst for the movement of tourists and stimulation of local, regional and national economic development. Typical products, such as domestic food and wine, have been given an adequate function to characterize the tourist offer and represent in many cases the main attraction. Herzegovina region is recognizable by its traditional cuisine, which represents an important asset for the future development of gastronomic tourism. Education and raising the awareness of all actors as well as local communities about gastronomic tourism is paramount for the sector development. Local entrepreneurial endeavours can benefit from connection and exchange with partners from Europe to create a recognizable gastronomic destination in the tourism market.
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Howard, Ian S., James N. Ingram, Konrad P. Körding e Daniel M. Wolpert. "Statistics of Natural Movements Are Reflected in Motor Errors". Journal of Neurophysiology 102, n.º 3 (setembro de 2009): 1902–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00013.2009.
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Humans use their arms to engage in a wide variety of motor tasks during everyday life. However, little is known about the statistics of these natural arm movements. Studies of the sensory system have shown that the statistics of sensory inputs are key to determining sensory processing. We hypothesized that the statistics of natural everyday movements may, in a similar way, influence motor performance as measured in laboratory-based tasks. We developed a portable motion-tracking system that could be worn by subjects as they went about their daily routine outside of a laboratory setting. We found that the well-documented symmetry bias is reflected in the relative incidence of movements made during everyday tasks. Specifically, symmetric and antisymmetric movements are predominant at low frequencies, whereas only symmetric movements are predominant at high frequencies. Moreover, the statistics of natural movements, that is, their relative incidence, correlated with subjects' performance on a laboratory-based phase-tracking task. These results provide a link between natural movement statistics and motor performance and confirm that the symmetry bias documented in laboratory studies is a natural feature of human movement.
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Harel, Roi, Olivier Duriez, Orr Spiegel, Julie Fluhr, Nir Horvitz, Wayne M. Getz, Willem Bouten, François Sarrazin, Ohad Hatzofe e Ran Nathan. "Decision-making by a soaring bird: time, energy and risk considerations at different spatio-temporal scales". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 371, n.º 1704 (26 de setembro de 2016): 20150397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0397.
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Natural selection theory suggests that mobile animals trade off time, energy and risk costs with food, safety and other pay-offs obtained by movement. We examined how birds make movement decisions by integrating aspects of flight biomechanics, movement ecology and behaviour in a hierarchical framework investigating flight track variation across several spatio-temporal scales. Using extensive global positioning system and accelerometer data from Eurasian griffon vultures ( Gyps fulvus ) in Israel and France, we examined soaring–gliding decision-making by comparing inbound versus outbound flights (to or from a central roost, respectively), and these (and other) home-range foraging movements (up to 300 km) versus long-range movements (longer than 300 km). We found that long-range movements and inbound flights have similar features compared with their counterparts: individuals reduced journey time by performing more efficient soaring–gliding flight, reduced energy expenditure by flapping less and were more risk-prone by gliding more steeply between thermals. Age, breeding status, wind conditions and flight altitude (but not sex) affected time and energy prioritization during flights. We therefore suggest that individuals facing time, energy and risk trade-offs during movements make similar decisions across a broad range of ecological contexts and spatial scales, presumably owing to similarity in the uncertainty about movement outcomes. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Moving in a moving medium: new perspectives on flight’.
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Desmurget, M., C. Prablanc, Y. Rossetti, M. Arzi, Y. Paulignan, C. Urquizar e J. C. Mignot. "Postural and synergic control for three-dimensional movements of reaching and grasping". Journal of Neurophysiology 74, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 1995): 905–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1995.74.2.905.
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1. A fundamental question about motor control is related to the nature of the representations used by the nervous system to program the movement. Theoretically, arm displacement can be encoded either in task (extrinsic) or in joint (intrinsic) space. 2. The present study investigated the organization of complex movements consisting of reaching and grasping a cylindrical object presented along different orientations in space. In some trials, object orientation was suddenly modified at movement onset. 3. At a static level, the final limb angles were highly predictable despite the wide range of possible postures allowed by articular redundancy. Moreover, when object orientation was unexpectedly modified at movement onset, the final angular configuration of the limb was identical to that obtained when the object was initially presented along the orientation reached after the perturbation. 4. At a dynamical level, a generalized synergy was observed, and tight correlations were noted between all joint angles implicated in the movement with the exception of elbow flexion. For this joint angle, which did not vary monotonically, strong partial correlations were however observed before and after movement reversal. 5. These results suggest that natural movements are mostly carried out in joint space by postural transitions.
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Çamaş, Nurdan Çağla, e Mediha Burcu Sılaydın Aydın. "Impact of Different Morphological Characteristics of Residential Areas on Wind Movement: Case Study of Karşıyaka (Izmir)". European Journal of Research and Development 2, n.º 2 (7 de junho de 2022): 338–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.56038/ejrnd.v2i2.78.
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Cities are warmer than their surrounding rural areas due to the urban heat island effect. The heat island effect occurs in urbanized areas in which structures such as buildings and roads are highly concentrated and green cover is limited. Extreme heat waves resulting from climate change also cause temperature increases in the urban environment. In addition, the urban heat island effect negatively affects the comfort of individuals living in cities and increases the amount of energy required for cooling, especially in warm climate regions. To reduce both the urban heat island effect and the need for cooling, it is necessary to consider wind movement during the urban planning process. Within this context, it is vital that spatial development decisions allow planned building groups to benefit from natural ventilation opportunities. The morphological features of buildings directly affect the available opportunities to use wind energy for passive cooling in urban areas. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which morphological parameters affect the building-wind relationship. This study presents an analysis of wind simulations made by modeling selected examples of actual residential areas to determine the effects of different morphological features on wind movement. Twelve residential areas located in the Karşıyaka District of İzmir Province were determined for analysis due to their distinct morphological characteristics. The results of the study revealed that the parameters that affect wind movement in urban areas are the array of the buildings, their density, the distances between them, their floor area ratio, and their height. With regard to the provision of wind movement, it was found that the detached housing type is the most advantageous for hot climate zones. In addition, increasing the distances between structures was found to have a positive effect on natural ventilation. However, when viewed at the scale of residential areas, building heights on wind movements in the residential areas depends on the other two parameters. The simulations created for this study show that all morphological features of the building group under analysis affect wind movement, both separately and in combination.
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Aghajani-Fesharaki, Siamak, Farzam Farahmand, Hassan Saeedi e Ehsan Abdollahy. "Design, Implementation and Testing of a Novel Prototype Orthotic Knee Joint with Two Degrees of Freedom in a Patient with Medial Knee Osteoarthritis". Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal [SQUMJ] 18, n.º 4 (28 de março de 2019): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.18295/squmj.2018.18.04.016.
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Knee braces are a conservative treatment option for patients with knee osteoarthritis (KOA). However, no commercially available orthotic knee joint currently reflects natural knee movements. A prototype orthotic knee joint with two degrees of freedom (DOF) in the sagittal and transverse planes was developed to more closely simulate the natural motion of the knee joint. The prototype was tested on a male subject with medial KOA during a sit-to-stand task. The efficacy of the transverse plane DOF was assessed by comparing the limb-orthosis interaction force when the transverse plane was locked to mimic a one-DOF setting versus when it was unlocked. Unlocking the transverse plane eliminated the 45-Newton shearing force produced with the one-DOF setting at wide angles of flexion. The two-DOF orthotic knee joint prototype demonstrated greater conformity to natural knee movements, allowing the wearer to better tolerate bracing-related difficulties. Keywords: Knee Joint; Knee Osteoarthritis; Orthotic Devices; Braces; Rotation; Movement; Materials Testing.
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Benison, Kathleen C. "Gypsum gravel devils in Chile: Movement of largest natural grains by wind?" Geology 45, n.º 5 (15 de março de 2017): 423–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g38901.1.
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Krivenko, O., V. Mileikovskyi e T. Tkachenko. "The Principles of Energy Efficient Microclimate Provision in the Skyscraper “Biotecton” of 1 km Height". European Journal of Engineering and Formal Sciences 2, n.º 3 (29 de dezembro de 2018): 66. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejef.v2i3.p66-75.
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The article deals with the formation of a healthy human living environment in superstructure buildings with the requirements of indoor air quality, environmental and constructive safety. The results of the development of "Biotecton" - an ultra-high-rise multi-functional building (the height is 1000 m) are presented. In order to effectively overcome the wind and seismic loads, the principles of the structure of the natural form (Gramineae stems, Triticale) are used. It is a multi-tiered spatial structure, in the nodes of which there are dampers for limiting oscillatory movements. For solving the problems of increasing the energy efficiency of ventilation and air conditioning, the use of air from height 1000 m with the minimum of anthropogenic pollution is investigated. Two mechanisms of the movement of air in a superstructure were investigated: natural impulses (under the action of gravitational pressure and wind) and mechanical (fans). It is shown that the natural pressure is insufficient for air movement. The mechanical impulse is necessary, but its energy requirement can be compensated by a renewable energy source - wind turbines with a total capacity of 5.3 MW. For high air quality, the use of "oxygen gardens" in green areas, which are evenly spaced along the entire height of the building, is explored. The study proposed a list of plants that effectively clean air from pollution, sequestrate excess CO2, enrich the air with oxygen and release phytoncides that effectively fight against pathogenic microorganisms.
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Ferreira, Eduardo M., Francesco Valerio, Denis Medinas, Nelson Fernandes, João Craveiro, Pedro Costa, João Paulo Silva, Carlos Carrapato, António Mira e Sara M. Santos. "Assessing behaviour states of a forest carnivore in a road-dominated landscape using Hidden Markov Models". Nature Conservation 47 (25 de março de 2022): 155–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/natureconservation.47.72781.
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Anthropogenic infrastructures and land-use changes are major threats to animal movements across heterogeneous landscapes. Yet, the behavioural consequences of such constraints remain poorly understood. We investigated the relationship between the behaviour of the Common genet (Genetta genetta) and road proximity, within a dominant mixed forest-agricultural landscape in southern Portugal, fragmented by roads. Specifically, we aimed to: (i) identify and characterise the behavioural states displayed by genets and related movement patterns; and (ii) understand how behavioural states are influenced by proximity to main paved roads and landscape features. We used a multivariate Hidden Markov Model (HMM) to characterise the fine-scale movements (10-min fixes GPS) of seven genets tracked during 187 nights (mean 27 days per individual) during the period 2016–2019, using distance to major paved roads and landscape features as predictors. Our findings indicated that genet’s movement patterns were composed of three basic behavioural states, classified as “resting” (short step-lengths [mean = 10.6 m] and highly tortuous), “foraging” (intermediate step-lengths [mean = 46.1 m] and with a wide range in turning angle) and “travelling” (longer step-lengths [mean = 113.7 m] and mainly linear movements). Within the genet’s main activity-period (17.00 h-08.00 h), the movement model predicts that genets spend 36.7% of their time travelling, 35.4% foraging and 28.0% resting. The probability of genets displaying the travelling state was highest in areas far away from roads (> 500 m), whereas foraging and resting states were more likely in areas relatively close to roads (up to 500 m). Landscape features also had a pronounced effect on behaviour state occurrence. More specifically, travelling was most likely to occur in areas with lower forest edge density and close to riparian habitats, while foraging was more likely to occur in areas with higher forest edge density and far away from riparian habitats. The results suggest that, although roads represent a behavioural barrier to the movement of genets, they also take advantage of road proximity as foraging areas. Our study demonstrates that the HMM approach is useful for disentangling movement behaviour and understanding how animals respond to roadsides and fragmented habitats. We emphasise that road-engaged stakeholders need to consider movement behaviour of genets when targeting management practices to maximise road permeability for wildlife.
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Oktovianto, Anggi. "OPTIMASI BUKAAN DENGAN MEMANFAATKAN EFEK WIND TUNNEL PADA RUMAH DERET Studi kasus : KAMPUNG DERET PETOGOGAN, JAKARTA". Idealog: Ide dan Dialog Desain Indonesia 3, n.º 2 (29 de outubro de 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.25124/idealog.v3i2.1422.
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Energyconsumptionon domestic uses in Indonesia provokes designers to implement passive design concept as an effort to reduce the use of mechanical and electrical solution for household comfort. This research observed KampungDeretPetogoganwhich a wind tunneleffect could not accurately provide natural comfort inside the row houses. Openings design was a key element to determineoptimization of air movement indoors, including its positions, types, and dimensions. Thegoals wereto identify the causes and determine ideal openings design to optimize air circulation indoors. First assessmentinvolvedrelevantdesign theories that conducted as guidelines. Then the existed design openings were examined and compared with guidelines, thus the ideal design openings were generated. The final results concluded multiple solutions for optimizing air movement control. Anaddition of wing wall, to help control the air movement. Repositioning the openings, both on walls and roofs. The selection of opening types which would be suitable basedonairmovement pattern. Lastly, redesign the dimension of the openings to fit the needs of natural comfort inside the houses.
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Ogawa, Ryo, J. Brian Davis, D. Tommy King, L. Wes Burger, Bronson K. Strickland, Marsha A. Sovada, Guiming Wang e Fred L. Cunningham. "Migratory Movements and Home Ranges of Geographically Distinct Wintering Populations of a Soaring Bird". Diversity 14, n.º 12 (13 de dezembro de 2022): 1109. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d14121109.
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Migratory soaring birds exhibit spatiotemporal variation in their circannual movements. Nevertheless, it remains uncertain how different winter environments affect the circannual movement patterns of migratory soaring birds. Here, we investigated annual movement strategies of American white pelicans Pelecanus erythrorhynchos (hereafter, pelican) from two geographically distinct wintering grounds in the Southern and Northern Gulf of Mexico (GOM). We hypothesized that hourly movement distance and home range size of a soaring bird would differ between different geographic regions because of different thermals and wind conditions and resource availability. We calculated average and maximum hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges of GPS-tracking pelicans. We then evaluated the effects of hour of the day, seasons, two wintering regions in the Southern and Northern GOM, human footprint index, and relative pelican abundance from Christmas Bird Count data on pelican hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges using linear mixed models and generalized linear mixed models. American white pelicans moved at greatest hourly distance near 1200 h at breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. Both wintering populations in the Northern and Southern GOM exhibited similar hourly movement distances and seasonal home ranges at the shared breeding grounds and during spring and autumn migrations. However, pelicans wintering in the Southern GOM showed shorter hourly movement distances and smaller seasonal home ranges than those in the Northern GOM. Hourly movement distances and home ranges of pelicans increased with increasing human footprint index. Winter hourly movements and home ranges of pelicans differed between the Northern and Southern GOM; however, the winter difference in pelican movements did not carry over to the shared breeding grounds during summers. Therefore, exogenous factors may be the primary drivers to shape the flying patterns of migratory soaring birds.
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Liu, Xu Min, e Xu Zhai. "Animation Tree in the Wind". Advanced Materials Research 472-475 (fevereiro de 2012): 1357–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.472-475.1357.
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Real time modeling and rendering of natural Phenomena has been a hotspot and One of the most difficult tasks in Computer Graphics, it has been found wide application in many domains such as computer animation, computer games, special effects of movie, landscaping, battlefield simulation and virtual reality etc.. Realistic simulation is generally consisting of natural elements simulation and man-made elements simulation, natural elements simulation is relatively complicated. However, in natural elements simulation trees simulation is one of the most complex technologies. In this paper, propose a method that is real-time visualization of animated trees in the wind. Compared with other previous studies, our work is to develop a physical model of real movement by the trees swaying animation. We describe the method is consistent with nature scene that branches move in the wind. Then, we describe a simple animation of trees swaying, in the local graphics processor.
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Akhmedov, Abduraxmon, e Sardorbek Khudoyberganov. "Cumulative generation of electricity from the wind of passing vehicles and natural wind in the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan". E3S Web of Conferences 461 (2023): 01073. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202346101073.
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Wind energy occupies are a rather important place in the balance of global “green” generation. Wind energy directly depends on the wind speed in the region under consideration. The highest average wind speed during the year is observed in the Bukhara region of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Vertical wind generators are widely used to collect the energy of natural wind and air movement generated by traffic into electricity. In order to effectively use the power of natural wind and air turbulence that occurs during the movement of vehicles, it is proposed to install vertical wind generators on the side of highways of international importance in the Bukhara region at certain intervals of the road.
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Gage, Frances. "Air, Wind, Sun, Spirit". Nuncius 32, n.º 3 (2017): 658–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18253911-03203007.
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Guido Reni’s early critics described him as a painter of “celestial ideas,” and his artistic process has been characterized as one rooted in the fantasia and the Idea. From the seventeenth-century on, Reni’s figures were praised for the “airs of the heads,” a notion with astrological and medical connotations, while the papal physician and art critic Giulio Mancini described Reni’s manner as “spirited,” a term suggestive of the airy movement Reni so powerfully represented in his Aurora. The concept of “spirit” or “spirits” also retained important connotations in early modern medicine and natural philosophy. A reconsideration of Reni’s Aurora in the context of medical and natural philosophical investigations of generation, artistic creation and the nature of and relationship between celestial and terrestrial regions demonstrates the connections between early modern artistic reception, medicine and natural philosophy.
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Lorenz, Ralph D. "Gypsum gravel devils in Chile: Movement of largest natural grains by wind?: COMMENT". Geology 45, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2017): e423-e423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g39216c.1.
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Benison, Kathleen C. "Gypsum Gravel Devils in Chile: Movement of largest natural grains by wind?: REPLY". Geology 45, n.º 8 (1 de agosto de 2017): e424-e424. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/g39294y.1.
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Brackenbury, John. "Wing movements in the bush-cricketTettigonia viridissimaand the mantisAmeles spallanzianaduring natural leaping". Journal of Zoology 220, n.º 4 (abril de 1990): 593–602. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7998.1990.tb04737.x.
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Boonman, Arjan, Yossi Yovel e Ofri Eitan. "Wing-Beat Frequency and Its Acoustics in Birds and Bats". Integrative and Comparative Biology 60, n.º 5 (26 de junho de 2020): 1080–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/icb/icaa085.
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Synopsis Animal flight noise can serve as an inspiration to engineering solutions to wind-noise problems in planes or wind turbines. Here we investigate the acoustics of wingbeats in birds and bats by co-registering wing-movement in natural flight with acoustic noise. To understand the relationships between wing movement and acoustics, we conducted additional acoustic measurements of single moving wings and other moving surfaces with accurately tracked motion paths. We found a correlation between wing-surface area and the sound pressure level of wingbeats; with bats tending to produce lower levels than birds. Measuring moving wings in isolation showed that a downstroke toward a microphone causes negative sound pressure that flips back into positive pressure at the reversal to the upstroke. The flip back to positive pressure is unrelated to the action of the upstroke, but occurs when the downward motion is halted. If the microphone is positioned above the downward wingbeat, then sound pressure instead quickly rises during the downward motion of the wing. The phase pattern of the impulse created by the wingbeat varies systematically with recording-angle. The curvature of the wing appears to be a determinant of the average frequency of the acoustic impulse. Our findings can be used to predict the acoustics of smaller flying animals where repetition pitch of similar underlying impulses, repeated at much higher wingbeat-rates become dominant.
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Reynolds, Andy, Giacomo Santini, Guido Chelazzi e Stefano Focardi. "The Weierstrassian movement patterns of snails". Royal Society Open Science 4, n.º 6 (junho de 2017): 160941. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.160941.
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Weierstrassian Lévy walks are the archetypical form of random walk that do not satisfy the central limit theorem and are instead characterized by scale invariance. They were originally regarded as a mathematical abstraction but subsequent theoretical studies showed that they can, in principle, at least, be generated by chaos. Recently, Weierstrassian Lévy walks have been found to provide accurate representations of the movement patterns of mussels ( Mytilus edulis ) and mud snails ( Hydrobia ulvae ) recorded in the laboratory under controlled conditions. Here, we tested whether Weierstrassian Lévy walks and chaos are present under natural conditions in intertidal limpets Patella vulgata and P. rustica, and found that both characteristics are pervasive. We thereby show that Weierstrassian Lévy walks may be fundamental to how molluscs experience and interact with the world across a wide range of ecological contexts. We also show in an easily accessible way how chaos can produce a wide variety of Weierstrassian Lévy walk movement patterns. Our findings support the Lévy flight foraging hypothesis that posits that because Lévy walks can optimize search efficiencies, natural selection should have led to adaptations for Lévy walks.
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Dobosh, Oksana, Solomiia Albota e Olesia Saban. "CONCEPTOLOGY OF NATURAL ELEMENTS COMPARED TO THE “BREXIT” CONCEPT". Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, n.º 9(77) (30 de janeiro de 2020): 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-9(77)-35-39.
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The article deals with the concepts of natural elements in comparison with the concept of “Brexit” from the perspective of cognitive linguistics. Metaphorical models of “Brexit – The Element of Earth”, “Brexit – The Element of Water”, “Brexit – The Element of Air” and “Brexit – The Element of Fire” have been developed and the structure of each of them has been considered. The structure of the metaphorical model has been represented by such frames and their slots: the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Earth” (Frame: Earth Movements; Slots: “Earthquake”, “Landlide”; Frame: State of the Earth; Slot: “Drought”), the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Water” (Frame: State of the Water; Slots: Ice, Boiling Water, Clouds; Frame: Water Motion; Slots: Water Stream, Storm, Waves, Murky Waters), the metaphoric model “Brexit – The Element of Air (Frame: Speed of movement of air masses; slots: “Wind”, “Hurricane”, “Tornado”) and the metaphoric model “Brexit – the Element of Fire” (Frames: Flame, Light; Fire; Volcano). It has been established that the latest metaphorical blend of “Brexit – The Element of Fire” is not subdivided into slots. The peculiarities of the usage of verbal means in the examples of contemporary English political journals, which illustrate the above structure of the research, have been regarded.
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Locat, Jacques, e Homa J. Lee. "Submarine landslides: advances and challenges". Canadian Geotechnical Journal 39, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2002): 193–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/t01-089.
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Due to the recent development of well-integrated surveying techniques of the sea floor, significant improvements were achieved in mapping and describing the morphology and architecture of submarine mass movements. Except for the occurrence of turbidity currents, the aquatic environment (marine and fresh water) experiences the same type of mass failure as that found on land. Submarine mass movements, however, can have run-out distances in excess of 100 km, so their impact on any offshore activity needs to be integrated over a wide area. This great mobility of submarine mass movements is still not very well understood, particularly for cases like the far-reaching debris flows mapped on the Mississippi Fan and the large submarine rock avalanches found around many volcanic islands. A major challenge ahead is the integration of mass movement mechanics in an appropriate evaluation of the hazard so that proper risk assessment methodologies can be developed and implemented for various human activities offshore, including the development of natural resources and the establishment of reliable communication corridors.Key words: submarine slides, hazards, risk assessment, morphology, mobility, tsunami.
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BANDT, ROS. "Taming the wind: Aeolian sound practices in Australasia". Organised Sound 8, n.º 2 (agosto de 2003): 195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355771803000104.
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The movement of air is a powerful sound generator. Its presence has been perceived and encoded for over 40,000 years in Australia. It is present in natural and humanly organised environments. This paper traces various wind paths, from natural casuarinas to telegraph wires. Artists such as Peggy West-Moreland, Joan Brassil, Alan Lamb, Jon Rose, Chris Cree Brown, Jodi Rose, the present author and many others have devised their own Aeolian works that interpret, tame or represent the wind for acoustic purposes. Their attitudes to wind-powered sound installations are compared and contrasted against a variety of installation genres, found, permanent, semi-permanent, and ephemeral.
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Klein, Karsten, Björn Sommer, Hieu T. Nim, Andrea Flack, Kamran Safi, Máté Nagy, Stefan P. Feyer et al. "Fly with the flock: immersive solutions for animal movement visualization and analytics". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, n.º 153 (3 de abril de 2019): 20180794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2018.0794.
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Understanding the movement of animals is important for a wide range of scientific interests including migration, disease spread, collective movement behaviour and analysing motion in relation to dynamic changes of the environment such as wind and thermal lifts. Particularly, the three-dimensional (3D) spatial–temporal nature of bird movement data, which is widely available with high temporal and spatial resolution at large volumes, presents a natural option to explore the potential of immersive analytics (IA). We investigate the requirements and benefits of a wide range of immersive environments for explorative visualization and analytics of 3D movement data, in particular regarding design considerations for such 3D immersive environments, and present prototypes for IA solutions. Tailored to biologists studying bird movement data, the immersive solutions enable geo-locational time-series data to be investigated interactively, thus enabling experts to visually explore interesting angles of a flock and its behaviour in the context of the environment. The 3D virtual world presents the audience with engaging and interactive content, allowing users to ‘fly with the flock’, with the potential to ascertain an intuitive overview of often complex datasets, and to provide the opportunity thereby to formulate and at least qualitatively assess hypotheses. This work also contributes to ongoing research efforts to promote better understanding of bird migration and the associated environmental factors at the global scale, thereby providing a visual vehicle for driving public awareness of environmental issues and bird migration patterns.
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Shi, Feng, e Ning Huang. "Measurement and simulation of sand saltation movement under fluctuating wind in a natural field environment". Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications 391, n.º 3 (fevereiro de 2012): 474–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.physa.2011.08.053.
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Konovalova, Yu P., e V. I. Ruchkin. "Assessment of influence of short-period geodynamic movements on stress-strain behavior of rock mass". Mining informational and analytical bulletin, n.º 3-1 (20 de março de 2020): 90–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-90-104.
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Geodynamic diagnostics of rock mass is critical in terms of safe arrangement and operation of subsoil use objects. The modern geodynamic movements are one of the factors that govern the stress-strain behavior of rocks. The experimental research accomplished in the recent decades show that geodynamic movements are the wide-spread phenomena of complex time-and-space distribution. It is conditionally assumed to distinguish between the trend movements of the same direction and velocity over the period of observations and the cyclic short-period movements with cycle duration from a few minutes to a few hours. The cyclic short-period geodynamic movements can exert direct or indirect impact on subsoil use objects. The cyclic nature is governed by many natural factors. The influence of one or another factor on the stress-strain behavior of rock mass is yet unstudied unambiguously to date. However, it is evident that strains governed by the cyclicity of movements should be taken into account in geodynamic diagnostics. The implemented studies of short-period movements on testing grounds by continuous monitoring using GNSS methods for many hours at spacing from two hundred meters to two kilometers revealed that directions of displacement of check points frequently exceeded accuracy of their determination. During the experiments, a procedure was developed to determine parameters of strain tensor in rock mass based on the prevailing direction and amplitude of short-period movements. The amplitude of short-period movement is a difference between the minimal and maximal values of displacements in a set of discrete measurements within continuous observation session. The obtained field of strains was compared with the values calculated by the data on the trend geodynamic movements for 6 years with the same check points in the same pattern. The correlation is found between the orientations of principal axes of strain tensors calculated by the data on the trend and shortperiod movements. The developed procedure makes it possible to take into account the shortperiod cyclicity of the modern geodynamic movements, and the found correlation between the orientation of strain tensor of the trend and cyclic movement enable express estimation of changes in the stress-strain behavior of rocks.
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Shi, Wei, e Fu Sheng Gao. "Simulating and Analyzing of Smoke Movement in a Corridor of High-Rise Building under Natural Exhaust". Advanced Materials Research 726-731 (agosto de 2013): 3638–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.726-731.3638.
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The natural smoke exhaust is as acknowledged as a common smoke control manner, with simple form and does not require additional energy support either with the complex exhaust facilities. In this paper, the field model FDS (Fire Dynamic Simulator) with a combination of zone model CFAST (Consolidate Fire and Smoke Transport) were used to simulate the natural smoke exhaust in a straight corridor of a high-rise hotel, for the propose of evaluate fire safety of smoke exhaust. The major discussing factors are the outdoor wind direction, wind speed, et al. Height of smoke layer interface was used to evaluate the effect of smoke exhaust. The conclusions were obtained as followed. As the outdoor wind speed increases, the outdoor windows in the windward effects worse in natural smoke exhaust, but the window in the leeward side effects better.
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Fujiuchi, Haruka, Shinichirou Sumita e Sadayoshi Mikami. "Buoyancy and Propulsion Mechanisms for Stable Movement in Snow Field". Journal of Robotics and Mechatronics 36, n.º 4 (20 de agosto de 2024): 928–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jrm.2024.p0928.
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For small-sized mobile machines, moving on snow without sinking is challenging. Snowmobiles are often used to move on snow. However, in smaller-sized machines, the skis attached to the machine become small, so small snow bumps or soft powdered snow quickly cause the entire machine to be buried under the snow. Therefore, it is necessary for small robots moving on snow to give appropriate driving mechanisms for producing propulsive force and snow-floating force. To this end, we propose new driving mechanisms, a “passive wing wheel” and a “spiral screw,” for small mobility services that move on snow without sinking or getting stuck. The passive wing wheel has transformable wing-like paddles, which extend to behave like animal feet and shrink to form a wheel if necessary. The spiral screw is designed to produce propulsive force by pushing snow particles with the screw. Additionally, by combining two sets of screws having opposite threads, they gather snow underneath the body attached to them, which causes floating force. This report also proposes ways to prepare pseudo-snow, which resembles natural snow in hardness, viscosity, and property transformation due to deformation. We conducted experiments to measure the performance of the proposed design in both the pseudo-snow and natural snow. From experiments, we confirmed that the mechanism performs well in terms of propulsion and floating on snow.
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Ozmeral, Erol J., Nathan C. Higgins e Hoonki Chun. "Lack of a clear head movement benefit in a spatial release form masking task". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 154, n.º 4_supplement (1 de outubro de 2023): A112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0022960.
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The study of spatial benefit in complex listening environments often requires listeners to maintain a fixed head position so that controls are in place for understanding binaural function. In natural listening environments, however, listeners may use head movements (e.g., turns and tilts) to achieve their maximum speech reception. In a previous study, we developed a spatial release from masking task that adapts the location of the maskers to determine the angular threshold for a predetermined masking release (in dB), and in the present study, we modified this task to allow for the listeners to move their heads as they wished to maximize performance on the task. Twenty young normal hearing listeners were tested on the head-fixed and head-free conditions. Head tracking was collected for posthoc analyses. Overall, there was no significant difference in behavioral thresholds between conditions despite wide ranges of head movements in the head-free condition. Interestingly, large individual differences in head movement translated to a narrowing of the variance in behavioral thresholds relative to the head-fixed condition, suggesting that listeners were indeed optimizing their speech reception. Further analyses will dissect the types of head movements and strategic differences among the participants, with implications for listeners with hearing loss.
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Musa, Hala Hussein, Fawzia Asadi e Anas Hameed Majeed. "The Impact of Wind Movement on Providing Thermal Comfort in Urban Design". Technium: Romanian Journal of Applied Sciences and Technology 24 (25 de setembro de 2024): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/technium.v24i.11740.
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The wind movement is a crucial factor in enhancing thermal comfort, forming an essential part towards friendly and sustainable urban environment. Air movement, as a prominent climatic factor, reduces heat stress with improving ventilation quality. Effective natural ventilation and heat stress mitigation can be achieved by orientation, planning and shaping the urban blocks in urban environments. Air movement represents the most important element in improving environmental adaptation, as the rapid airflow reaching buildings can significantly reduce their temperature. Site planning requires precise knowledge of the main wind directions and speeds. The research utilized the ENVI-met Models program for modeling urban environments and predicting thermal effects in the built environment. This program plays a crucial role in understanding and analyzing environmental conditions and their impact on thermal comfort. The research addressed the knowledge gap and lack of local studies in highlighting the role of wind movement in enhancing thermal comfort in urban environments using ENVI-met Models. The research aimed to provide specific knowledge in measuring wind movement and its role in enhancing thermal comfort in urban environments using the program. The research hypothesized that analyzing and modeling wind movement with ENVI-met Models can effectively contribute to understanding and improving thermal comfort in urban environments. One of the key findings is that studying the impact of wind movement with this program is essential for providing scientific and technical foundations to improve urban design and enhance thermal comfort in urban areas, promoting sustainability and environmental quality in cities
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Hooper, Scott L., Christoph Guschlbauer, Géraldine von Uckermann e Ansgar Büschges. "Natural Neural Output That Produces Highly Variable Locomotory Movements". Journal of Neurophysiology 96, n.º 4 (outubro de 2006): 2072–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00366.2006.
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We recorded fast extensor tibiae motor neuron activity during single-legged treadmill walking in the stick insect, Carausius morosus. We used this activity to stimulate the extensor muscle motor nerve, observed the resulting extensor muscle contractions under isotonic conditions, and quantified these contractions with a variety of measures. Extensor contractions induced in this manner were highly variable, with contraction measures having SDs of 12 to 51%, and ranges of 82 to 275%, when expressed as percentages of the means, an unexpectedly wide range for a locomotory pattern. Searches for correlations among the contraction measures showed that, in general, this high variability is not reduced by contraction measure covariation. Comparing responses (to identical input) across animals showed that extensor muscles from different animals generally significantly differed from one another. However, correlation analyses on these data suggested that these differences do not indicate that multiple extensor muscle subtypes exist. Extensor muscles instead appear to belong to a single class, albeit one with high animal to animal variability. These data thus provide another well-quantified example (along with Aplysia feeding) of a repetitive but highly variable motor pattern (in contrast to the high rhythmicity and stereotypy present in most other well-quantified repetitive motor patterns). We suggest this high variability could be an adaptive combination of locomotion, active sensing, and crypsis arising from the relatively low demand for locomotion in Carausius behavior, the highly fragmented environment the animal inhabits, and its need to avoid predatory attention.
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Sukala, Cory. "Can Mindful Politics Be Meaningful Politics? Socially Engaged Buddhism as a Political Project within a Liberal Political Order". Religions 15, n.º 10 (16 de outubro de 2024): 1263. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel15101263.
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Throughout the Western political world, and particularly in the United States, contemporary Buddhist political thought has largely become synonymous with the movement of mindful politics, also known as Socially Engaged Buddhism. Focusing primarily on issues of social, economic, and environmental justice, mindful politics has found a natural ally in Western left-wing and progressive movements to the degree that Buddhist political thought in the United States is now seemingly indistinguishable from these Western political positions as a practical matter. While the practical alliance of Socially Engaged Buddhism and progressivism is well established, what is less clear is what the movement of mindful politics brings to this relationship beyond its Buddhist veneer. By basing its political project on the secularization of Buddhist compassion (karuṇā), mindful politics fails in creating a political project which can be compelling to those outside of the confines of Buddhist religious belief and practice. While the mindful politics movement and contemporary liberal progressivism share an overlap in policy commitments, the religious roots of Buddhist mindful politics ultimately preclude it from properly aligning with the pluralistic requirements of the prevailing liberal political order. This article will examine the foundations of Socially Engaged Buddhism and explore the standing of the possibility of Socially Engaged Buddhism as the foundation for a political project within the confines of a liberal political order.
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Zheng, Bin, e Christine L. MacKenzie. "Kinematics of Reaching and Grasping with a Tool". Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 51, n.º 19 (outubro de 2007): 1353–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193120705101917.
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Kinematics of reaching and grasping are observed for prehension performed by the hand (natural prehension) and with a simple grasper held in the hand (remote prehension). Remote prehension is executed with a longer movement time, lower movement speed, extended deceleration phase and a relatively larger peak aperture compared to natural prehension. The kinematic changes in remote prehension are more pronounced when adults reached and grasped an object placed on a narrow than a wide base. Results suggested that the indirect and incomplete proprioception and sensorimotor integration with tool use are the main problems for movement control in remote manipulation. Implications of this study are discussed for design of tools and a safe work environment for tool use.
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You, Young-Suk, Ka-Young Song e Min-Young Sun. "Variable Natural Frequency Damper for Minimizing Response of Offshore Wind Turbine: Principle Verification through Analysis of Controllable Natural Frequencies". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, n.º 7 (18 de julho de 2022): 983. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10070983.
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Resonance causes extreme stress, acceleration of fatigue, and reduction in lifespan of offshore wind structures. The main factors that cause resonance are environmental loads such as wind and waves, and dynamic loads caused by rotor movement. Estimation of the natural frequency at the design stage is highly uncertain, and natural frequency changes occur due to various factors during long-term operation. Therefore, it is important to ensure structural safety from resonance through a vibration-monitoring system or an additional damper. In this study, the effect of seawater existing inside the substructure on the natural frequency of the structure was dealt with. The natural frequency estimation equation for a fixed offshore wind structure was derived with the “inner fluid simplification assumption”. The finite element modal analysis was performed to verify the principle of Variable Natural Frequency Damper (VNFD), a system that controls the natural frequency of offshore wind structures through a pump, and to find the range of natural frequency control. As a result, interior fluid affects the natural frequency of the wind turbine support structure. Specifically, the variable natural frequency range was very low, at about 0.027% for the monopile model at a depth of 10 m, but increased rapidly to about 3.66% at a depth of 70 m. Furthermore, when estimating the natural frequency of a fixed offshore wind turbine in deep water without consideration of interior fluid, the estimates can be higher than with consideration of it.
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Combes, S. A., J. D. Crall e S. Mukherjee. "Dynamics of animal movement in an ecological context: dragonfly wing damage reduces flight performance and predation success". Biology Letters 6, n.º 3 (17 de março de 2010): 426–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0915.
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Much of our understanding of the control and dynamics of animal movement derives from controlled laboratory experiments. While many aspects of animal movement can be probed only in these settings, a more complete understanding of animal locomotion may be gained by linking experiments on relatively simple motions in the laboratory to studies of more complex behaviours in natural settings. To demonstrate the utility of this approach, we examined the effects of wing damage on dragonfly flight performance in both a laboratory drop–escape response and the more natural context of aerial predation. The laboratory experiment shows that hindwing area loss reduces vertical acceleration and average flight velocity, and the predation experiment demonstrates that this type of wing damage results in a significant decline in capture success. Taken together, these results suggest that wing damage may take a serious toll on wild dragonflies, potentially reducing both reproductive success and survival.
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Krone, Oliver, e Gabriele Treu. "Movement patterns of white-tailed sea eagles near wind turbines". Journal of Wildlife Management 82, n.º 7 (20 de maio de 2018): 1367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jwmg.21488.
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Magomedova, M. R. "CALCULATION MODEL OF SOLID PARTICLES MOTION IN NATURAL TURBULENT FLOWS". Herald of Dagestan State Technical University. Technical Sciences 46, n.º 2 (28 de agosto de 2019): 98–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.21822/2073-6185-2019-46-2-98-107.
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Objectives Improving the model of movement of solid particles in natural turbulent flows.Method The improvement of knowledge about the structure of water flows and the nature of channel processes has led to the development of views on sediment movement as a stochastic process due to the random nature of the factors causing it: natural-climatic and hydrological conditions, variability of the physical and mechanical properties of soils, and turbulence of water streams. In this regard, the methods of probability theory and the theory of random processes were used to construct the model of sediment movement.Result Based on the studies, a mathematical model of the reformation of natural channels was established by an unsteady flow, which provides a more complete, in comparison with existing domestic and foreign counterparts, consideration of factors affecting the flow of channel-forming sediments. The analysis of mathematical models of the movement of solid particles in the water stream showed that the physical nature of the transport of channel-forming sediments is more consistent with the model based on the parameters of the trajectories of solid particles, namely, lengths, heights and transport time (jumps) of bottom and suspended sediments and their concentration in the stream. Such a model is implemented by integrating averaged equations and vortex formations using a mathematical apparatus.Conclusion The calculated model of the movement of solid particles is implemented in the algorithmic language Fortran Power Station and tested on the basis of field and experimental studies in a wide range of hydraulic flow characteristics and physical and mechanical characteristics of channel soils.
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Aita, Takumi, Hiroyasu Ando e Yuichi Katori. "Computation harvesting from nature dynamics for predicting wind speed and direction". PLOS ONE 18, n.º 12 (14 de dezembro de 2023): e0295649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0295649.
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Natural phenomena generate complex dynamics because of nonlinear interactions among their components. The dynamics can be exploited as a kind of computational resource. For example, in the framework of natural computation, various natural phenomena such as quantum mechanics and cellular dynamics are used to realize general purpose calculations or logical operations. In recent years, simple collection of such nature dynamics has become possible in a sensor-rich society. For example, images of plant movement that have been captured indirectly by a surveillance camera can be regarded as sensor outputs reflecting the state of the wind striking the plant. Herein, based on ideas of physical reservoir computing, we present a methodology for wind speed and direction estimation from naturally occurring sensors in movies. Then we demonstrate its effectiveness through experimentation. Specifically using the proposed methodology, we investigate the computational capability of the nature dynamics, revealing its high robustness and generalization performance for computation.
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Cheng, T. Z., e N. K. Liang. "A NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE MOORED CONTAINER SHIP MOVEMENTS INDUCED BY WIND". Coastal Engineering Proceedings 1, n.º 20 (29 de janeiro de 1986): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.9753/icce.v20.201.
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In the past, only the ship motion due to wave is studied. This study is focused on the ship motion induced by a steady oscillating wind. The oscillating wind is assumed to be sinusoidal of a constant frequency. The wind direction 9, number of mooring lines and the wind frequency are the parameters in simulating an Evergreen's Ever Garden class container ship. The results show that the worst angle between the quay and the prevailing wind direction is 45°. Surge and roll are the most significant motions induced by the oscillating wind. By changing the number of mooring lines, the natural frequency can be kept away from the dominant wind frequency, except roll.
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Slobin, Dan I., Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano, Anetta Kopecka e Asifa Majid. "Manners of human gait: a crosslinguistic event-naming study". Cognitive Linguistics 25, n.º 4 (1 de novembro de 2014): 701–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cog-2014-0061.
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AbstractCrosslinguistic studies of expressions of motion events have found that Talmy's binary typology of verb-framed and satellite-framed languages is reflected in language use. In particular, Manner of motion is relatively more elaborated in satellite-framed languages (e.g., in narrative, picture description, conversation, translation). The present research builds on previous controlled studies of the domain of human motion by eliciting descriptions of a wide range of manners of walking and running filmed in natural circumstances. Descriptions were elicited from speakers of two satellite-framed languages (English, Polish) and three verb-framed languages (French, Spanish, Basque). The sampling of events in this study resulted in four major semantic clusters for these five languages: walking, running, non-canonical gaits (divided into bounce-and-recoil and syncopated movements), and quadrupedal movement (crawling). Counts of verb types found a broad tendency for satellite-framed languages to show greater lexical diversity, along with substantial within group variation. Going beyond most earlier studies, we also examined extended descriptions of manner of movement, isolating types of manner. The following categories of manner were identified and compared: attitude of actor, rate, effort, posture, and motor patterns of legs and feet. Satellite-framed speakers tended to elaborate expressive manner verbs, whereas verb-framed speakers used modification to add manner to neutral motion verbs.
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Laurent, Kasey M., Bob Fogg, Tobias Ginsburg, Casey Halverson, Michael J. Lanzone, Tricia A. Miller, David W. Winkler e Gregory P. Bewley. "Turbulence explains the accelerations of an eagle in natural flight". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 118, n.º 23 (1 de junho de 2021): e2102588118. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2102588118.
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Turbulent winds and gusts fluctuate on a wide range of timescales from milliseconds to minutes and longer, a range that overlaps the timescales of avian flight behavior, yet the importance of turbulence to avian behavior is unclear. By combining wind speed data with the measured accelerations of a golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) flying in the wild, we find evidence in favor of a linear relationship between the eagle’s accelerations and atmospheric turbulence for timescales between about 1/2 and 10 s. These timescales are comparable to those of typical eagle behaviors, corresponding to between about 1 and 25 wingbeats, and to those of turbulent gusts both larger than the eagle’s wingspan and smaller than large-scale atmospheric phenomena such as convection cells. The eagle’s accelerations exhibit power spectra and intermittent activity characteristic of turbulence and increase in proportion to the turbulence intensity. Intermittency results in accelerations that are occasionally several times stronger than gravity, which the eagle works against to stay aloft. These imprints of turbulence on the bird’s movements need to be further explored to understand the energetics of birds and other volant life-forms, to improve our own methods of flying through ceaselessly turbulent environments, and to engage airborne wildlife as distributed probes of the changing conditions in the atmosphere.
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Sen, Argha, Nuwan Sriyantha Bandara, Ila Gokarn, Thivya Kandappu e Archan Misra. "EyeTrAES: Fine-grained, Low-Latency Eye Tracking via Adaptive Event Slicing". Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 8, n.º 4 (21 de novembro de 2024): 1–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3699745.
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Eye-tracking technology has gained significant attention in recent years due to its wide range of applications in human-computer interaction, virtual and augmented reality, and wearable health. Traditional RGB camera-based eye-tracking systems often struggle with poor temporal resolution and computational constraints, limiting their effectiveness in capturing rapid eye movements. To address these limitations, we propose EyeTrAES, a novel approach using neuromorphic event cameras for high-fidelity tracking of natural pupillary movement that shows significant kinematic variance. One of EyeTrAES's highlights is the use of a novel adaptive windowing/slicing algorithm that ensures just the right amount of descriptive asynchronous event data accumulation within an event frame, across a wide range of eye movement patterns. EyeTrAES then applies lightweight image processing functions over accumulated event frames from just a single eye to perform pupil segmentation and tracking (as opposed to gaze-based techniques that require simultaneous tracking of both eyes). We show that these two techniques boost pupil tracking fidelity by 6+%, achieving IoU~=92%, while incurring at least 3x lower latency than competing pure event-based eye tracking alternatives [38]. We additionally demonstrate that the microscopic pupillary motion captured by EyeTrAES exhibits distinctive variations across individuals and can thus serve as a biometric fingerprint. For robust user authentication, we train a lightweight per-user Random Forest classifier using a novel feature vector of short-term pupillary kinematics, comprising a sliding window of pupil (location, velocity, acceleration) triples. Experimental studies with two different datasets (capturing eye movement across a range of environmental contexts) demonstrate that the EyeTrAES-based authentication technique can simultaneously achieve high authentication accuracy (~=0.82) and low processing latency (~=12ms), and significantly outperform multiple state-of-the-art competitive baselines.
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Tan, Yinjun, Keli Wang, Zhiqiang Zhang, Zeyi Lu e Heng Zhang. "Study on the Effect of Natural Wind on the Smoke Spread Law of Extra-Long Tunnel Fires with Inclined Shafts for Air Supply and Exhaust". Buildings 14, n.º 6 (23 de maio de 2024): 1516. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14061516.
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High-temperature smoke generated by tunnel fires is the most important factor causing casualties. To explore the influence of natural wind on fire smoke movement in an extra-long highway tunnel based on the Taihang Mountain Tunnel, the distribution law of natural wind in the tunnel was obtained by on-site monitoring of the meteorological conditions at the tunnel site. A three-dimensional fire dynamics tunnel model considering an inclined shaft smoke exhaust was established, and the influence of natural wind on tunnel temperature distribution, smoke spread and smoke exhaust efficiency was studied. The results show that the natural wind speed of the Taihang Mountain Tunnel is mainly concentrated at 0~3 m/s. The main wind direction of the natural wind on the left tunnel is opposite to the driving direction, and the distribution probability of the main wind direction in each section is 81.27% and 72.15%, respectively. The main wind direction of the right tunnel is the same as the driving direction, and the distribution probability of the main wind direction in each section is 56.78%, 69.73%, 67.32% and 64.65%, respectively. The negative natural wind can inhibit the smoke spread downstream of the smoke exhaust port, but it is not conducive to the smoke exhaust. The positive natural wind promotes the smoke spread to the downstream of the smoke exhaust port, and the larger the natural wind speed, the longer the spread length. Natural wind reduces the smoke exhaust efficiency. For positive or negative natural wind with a guaranteed rate of 70%, the smoke exhaust efficiency is reduced by 27.76% and 15.59%, respectively, compared with the condition without natural wind. The research results can provide a useful reference for the design of fire smoke exhausts and smoke control schemes in extra-long highway tunnels.
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Bayoumi, Mohannad. "Improving Indoor Air Quality in Classrooms via Wind-Induced Natural Ventilation". Modelling and Simulation in Engineering 2021 (9 de junho de 2021): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6668031.
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Student performance in classrooms is related to the indoor environmental quality. High air change rates are necessary to secure an acceptable level of indoor air quality and provide fresh air, which require large amounts of energy and technical installations. Mostly, mechanically supplied air is partially mixed with the return air. In warm climates, the capacity for natural ventilation is not fully exploited in modern buildings. During periods of acceptable outdoor temperatures, buildings need to adapt and employ available free renewable resources, such as wind. In this context, the building form, orientation, and envelope openings are crucial to enable an increased air change rate, user satisfaction, and energy savings. Owing to the difficulty of providing cross-ventilation in buildings with double-loaded corridors, single-sided ventilation is the most common approach. This study investigates the methods to improve the wind-driven air exchange of classrooms in warm climates, where naturally ventilated corridors help increase air movement. This study examines the potential of a set of alternatives within the context of a generic model regarding the pressure distribution, thermal sensation, air velocity, and air change rate. The study suggests that no single opening scenario can be applied to all façades at any time. Each façade requires special treatment. Decisions on natural ventilation need to be made during the early design stages for each façade. It was found that with the aid of low-tech modifications, remarkable increases in air change rates, in some cases up to 14.5 times that of the typical single-sided ventilation case, could be achieved.
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Guido, Jorgelina M., Pablo AE Alarcón, José A. Donázar, Fernando Hiraldo e Sergio A. Lambertucci. "The use of biosphere reserves by a wide-ranging avian scavenger indicates its significant potential for conservation". Environmental Conservation 47, n.º 1 (13 de setembro de 2019): 22–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892919000304.
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SummaryThe framing of environmental conservation has been changing, mainly towards a reconciliation between human needs and nature conservation. A major challenge of biosphere reserves (BRs) is the integration of biodiversity conservation and the sustainable development of local communities. Although these areas are large, they are often not large enough to contain the movements of wide-ranging species. We studied immature Andean condor (Vultur gryphus) movements to evaluate their habitat use in relation to protected areas (PAs). We particularly aimed to determine whether BRs significantly increase the protection of this wide-ranging species. We analysed the movement overlap of 26 GPS-tagged birds with the PAs of Patagonia, and we evaluated preferences for particular landscape categories with a use–availability design. Condors were mainly located in unprotected areas (56.4%), whereas 26.4% of locations were within International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) PAs and 17.2% of locations were in BRs (not including IUCN PAs). When compared to availability, birds preferred BRs over other areas, highlighting the importance of BRs in protecting species that forage in humanized areas. However, the lack of controls and management policies expose condors to several threats, such as poisoning and persecution, in both private lands and BRs. Implementing strict management practices for BRs will help to conserve wide-ranging scavengers that feed in humanized areas.
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Wahab, Izudinshah Abd, Noor Athirah Abu Bakar, Noor Dina Md Amin e Mohd Jamil Mohd Hamberi. "VENTILATION SHAFT DESIGN IN ENHANCING INDOOR AIR MOVEMENT FOR PUBLIC BUILDING". Journal of Sustainable Technology and Applied Science (JSTAS) 4, n.º 1 (21 de março de 2024): 25–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.36040/jstas.v4i1.8118.
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The conditions of dense built environment, land topography and the needs on having deep-plan buildings seems inevitable nowadays. The situations give a poor impact on building indoor natural ventilation. Therefore, the application of stack ventilation strategy has become more important. This is due to the limitation of natural cross ventilation potential. This paper presents a design proposal strategy based on the research aim to provide a good natural ventilation for a new proposed Waterfront Marina & Club building in Penang. Based on stack effect ventilation strategies as references, the project introduced an atria like ventilation shaft with consideration of the building oreantation based on the site context. As the sea breeze is coming from the East side of the building, the shaft is designed open facing the direction to act as wind catcher before transporting the air movement vertically through the shaft. At lower levels, the air movement is spread to all other spaces connected to the main corridor. The shaft is not only depending on the sea breeze but may also functioned as stack effect throat to move the air vertically due to the difference of air pressure via the levels.