Artigos de revistas: "National Association of Wool Manufacturers"

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da Rosa Azambuja, Rafael, David B. DeVallance e Joseph McNeel. "Evaluation of Low-Grade Yellow-Poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) as Raw Material for Cross-Laminated Timber Panel Production". Forest Products Journal 72, n.º 1 (14 de dezembro de 2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-21-00050.

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Abstract Utilization of low-grade yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) lumber would provide for alternative structural lumber sources and promote the growth of cross-laminated timber (CLT) manufacturing facilities within the Appalachian Region. A significant amount of low-grade yellow-poplar lumber (i.e., National Hardwood Lumber Association [NHLA] No. 2A and Below Grade) is utilized for wood pallets. In practice, this material is not graded for structural purposes. Additionally, research on yellow-poplar for structural use has focused on grading lumber from a small population of selected logs, not by regrading NHLA lumber from manufacturing facilities. Therefore, the research's objective was to investigate the structural grades of a typical population of NHLA graded No. 2 and lower lumber and evaluate their potential to meet structural grades necessary for CLT panels. NHLA graded lumber was regraded and assigned to visual structural grades following Northeastern Lumber Manufacturers Association rules and evaluated for flatwise bending modulus of elasticity (MOEb) by nondestructive proof loading. The results of the study indicated that 54.6 percent of the boards possessed a minimal structural visual grade required for CLT panels according to American National Standards Institutes/The Engineered Wood Association (ANSI/APA) PRG 320-2019 (2020). Splits were the most common limiting defect that downgraded boards to nonstructural grades. Also, 96.6 percent of the boards evaluated had a MOEb above the required minimal board value of 1.2 ×106 psi (8,274 MPa) listed in ANSI/APA PRG 320-2019 (2020). The results of the study indicated that a majority of NHLA low-grade yellow-poplar, when regraded for structural purposes, meets or exceeds minimum lumber grade values necessary for use in CLT panel production.

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da Rosa Azambuja, Rafael, David B. DeVallance, Joseph McNeel e Gregory A. Dahle. "Cross-Laminated Timber Panels Produced from Low-Grade Yellow-Poplar Sorted by Structural Visual Grade". Forest Products Journal 73, n.º 2 (1 de março de 2023): 104–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-22-00074.

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Abstract Low-grade yellow-poplar (Liriodendron tulipifera) graded No. 2 Common, and No. 3 Common (National Hardwood Lumber Association - NHLA rules) is mainly used by the industry to produce wood pallets. Cross-laminated timber (CLT) panels are options to diversify the usage and increase the value of this material. Therefore, the objective of this study was to produce CLT panels from a population of NHLA graded No. 2A, No. 2B, No. 3A, and No. 3B lumber and to evaluate whether the panel properties meet the bending criteria (major strength direction) and adhesive bond requirements listed for “V” type CLT in ANSI/APA PRG 320-2019 (2020) using Northeastern Lumber Association Manufacturers No. 2 and No. 3 in longitudinal and transverse layers, respectively. Ten panels were produced to evaluate the bond quality and mechanical properties. The bond test results showed average delamination under 5 percent and were more frequent in the central areas of the panel than in the outer panel areas. The results from testing showed that the calculated allowable stress-design bending-strength (major direction) value for the yellow-poplar CLT panels was 1,718 psi (11.84 MPa), which corresponds to a value 90 percent higher than V1 (900 psi, 6.20 MPa) layups. Modulus of elasticity (MOE; major direction) was comparable to V2 and V3, with an average MOE of 1.39 by 106 psi (9,584 MPa). Based on these findings, the study indicated the potential for using low-grade yellow-poplar lumber to produce CLT panels. However, more research is needed to evaluate other mechanical properties in both the major and minor axis.

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Wenk, Christopher. "Commentary: A National Association of Manufacturers Perspective on Manufactures Liberalization". Global Economy Journal 5, n.º 4 (7 de dezembro de 2005): 1850058. http://dx.doi.org/10.2202/1524-5861.1145.

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A commentary on Alan V. Deardorff and Robert M. Stern, University of Michigan, "Issues of Manufactures Liberalization and Administered Protection." Christopher Wenk is Director of International Trade Policy at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), which is the U.S. largest industry trade association, representing small and large manufacturers in every industrial sector and in all 50 states. Wenk advocates on behalf of the NAM's members on international trade issues with the Administration and U.S. Congress and works with NAM policy organizations to formulate positions on trade issues and manages industry group coalitions on behalf of the NAM, including the WTO Action Group and the Zero Tariff Coalition. Before joining the NAM, Wenk spent more than five years working on Capitol Hill with the House Small Business Committee, Congressman Steve Chabot (R-OH) and Congressman Dave Camp (R-MI), a member of the House Ways and Means Trade Subcommittee.

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Soffer, Jonathan. "The National Association of Manufacturers and the Militarization of American Conservatism". Business History Review 75, n.º 4 (2001): 775–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116511.

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The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) played an important role in the emerging conservative movement in the United States, both before and after World War II, but its contribution to the increasing militarism of that movement has received little scrutiny. Between 1958 and 1975, a combination of organizational changes peculiar to NAM and political pressures from both the right and the left led NAM to adopt and maintain a militaristic posture. In the late 1950s, a decline in the organization's membership resulted in a take over by larger corporations, which purged the board of its ultraconservative leadership. The reorganized board established a National Defense Committee (NDC) in order to promote defense industry membership and, by 1962, had selected a new permanent president, Werner Gullander. Under Gullander, the NDC moved NAM in the direction of support for defense expansion during the early 1960s.

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Shermer, Elizabeth. "The Industrialists: How the National Association of Manufacturers Shaped American Capitalism". Journal of American History 110, n.º 1 (1 de junho de 2023): 148–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jahist/jaad165.

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Workman, Andrew A. "Manufacturing Power: The Organizational Revival of the National Association of Manufacturers, 1941–1945". Business History Review 72, n.º 2 (1998): 279–317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3116279.

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In the years following World War II, the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) regained the political effectiveness it had lost during the New Deal. This article analyzes NAM's resurgence within the context of the rising popularity and political strength of organized business in the postwar period. It argues that NAM's success is only partly explained by external factors, such as the policies of Truman administration and divisions among labor organizations. NAM's renewed ability to shape national affairs resulted from an internal transformation that vastly improved its administrative capacity, and from a change in its public relations and labor policies. These efforts came to fruition when NAM proved able to dominate the proceedings of the 1945 Labor-Management Conference.

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Best, David E., Steven C. Horii, William Bennett, Bob Thomson e David Snavely. "Review of the American College of Radiology-National Electrical Manufacturers' Association standards activity". Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 37, n.º 4 (maio de 1992): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-2607(92)90043-7.

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Horii, Steven C., David G. Hill, Hartwig R. Blume, David E. Best, Bob Thompson, Cindy Fuscoe e David Snavely. "An update on American College of Radiology-National Electrical Manufacturers Association Standards Activity". Journal of Digital Imaging 3, n.º 3 (agosto de 1990): 146–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03167600.

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Suldovsky, Brianne, e William K. Hallman. "The National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard of 2016: Intersection of Technology and Public Understanding of Science in the United States". Societies 12, n.º 5 (20 de setembro de 2022): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/soc12050133.

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Genetically modified (GM) foods have been commercially available in the US for more than two decades, yet Americans know very little about them. With the implementation of the National Bioengineered Food Disclosure Standard of 2016, food manufacturers will be required to disclose the presence of GM ingredients in their food products. How food manufacturers communicate with consumers about GM ingredients may have consequences for public understanding of GM technology. In Study 1, we explore how food manufacturers characterize GM ingredients within their food products on SmartLabel, a digital disclosure website established by the Grocery Manufacturers Association. In Study 2, we test the effect of those characterizations on perceived risks and benefits of GM food. Overall, we find that varying characterizations of GM ingredients do not significantly affect perceived risks and benefits. Post hoc analyses suggest that knowledge of GM technology and moral evaluation of GM technology significantly predict perceived risks and benefits. Implications for the public communication of GM technology are discussed.

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Grogg, K. S., T. Toole, J. Ouyang, X. Zhu, M. D. Normandin, Q. Li, K. Johnson, N. M. Alpert e G. El Fakhri. "National Electrical Manufacturers Association and Clinical Evaluation of a Novel Brain PET/CT Scanner". Journal of Nuclear Medicine 57, n.º 4 (23 de dezembro de 2015): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.115.159723.

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Martin, Cathie Jo. "Sectional Parties, Divided Business". Studies in American Political Development 20, n.º 2 (outubro de 2006): 160–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898588x06000083.

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The National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) led the corporate attack on labor organization and government regulation in the early twentieth century. Yet NAM's deep distrust of coordination, in fact, developed years into its organizational life: at its inception, NAM organizers sought mechanisms to coordinate economic and political business activity, and held policy positions that resembled those favored by contemporaneous European manufacturers. Thus, the organization's dramatic shift in policy preferences almost a decade later was something of a sea change: suddenly NAM became committed to laissez-faire liberalism—the antithesis of coordination—and became best-known for its commitment to fighting organized labor.

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Oehmigen, M., S. Ziegler, B. W. Jakoby, J. C. Georgi, D. H. Paulus e H. H. Quick. "Radiotracer Dose Reduction in Integrated PET/MR: Implications from National Electrical Manufacturers Association Phantom Studies". Journal of Nuclear Medicine 55, n.º 8 (8 de julho de 2014): 1361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.114.139147.

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St. John, Burton, e Robert Arnett. "The National Association of Manufacturers' Community Relations Short FilmYour Town: Parable, Propaganda, and Big Individualism". Journal of Public Relations Research 26, n.º 2 (18 de junho de 2013): 103–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1062726x.2013.795868.

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MacKay, Ginny-Louise. "Ninth Annual Disease Management Leadership Forum and First Disease Management Association of America-National Association of Manufacturers Integrated Care Summit". Disease Management & Health Outcomes 15, n.º 6 (2007): 397–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00115677-200715060-00007.

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MacKay, Ginny-Louise. "Ninth Annual Disease Management Leadership Forum and First Disease Management Association of America-National Association of Manufacturers Integrated Care Summit". Disease Management & Health Outcomes 15, n.º 6 (dezembro de 2007): 399–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03257353.

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Paula, Greg. "Evaluating EPACT’s Impact". Mechanical Engineering 120, n.º 06 (1 de junho de 1998): 83–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1998-jun-7.

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Motors affected by the 1992 environmental legislation are mostly meeting the Energy Policy and Conservation Act’s (EPACT) minimum load efficiencies. Advanced Energy Corp. (AEC), Raleigh, NC, has completed the first in a series of studies to determine if newer motors are complying with the minimum EPACT-specified energy efficiency. The Motors and Drives Laboratory of AEC was the first motor-testing laboratory to be certified through the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program, a requirement under EPACT. The AEC study tested 20-horsepower, 1800-rpm, totally enclosed, fan-cooled motors from 15 manufacturers. The goal of this study is to see if the motors meet the minimum required efficiency, which EPACT specifies as the nominal efficiency for motor nameplates defined by the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA). The results of this study will not be used to certify compliance with EPACT regulations. The AEC study is primarily for industrial motor users, which have a vested interest in ensuring that the motors they buy comply with all the rules.

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Dordevic, S., e M. Kosanovic. "POS0193-PARE TIME TO RESEARCH - STRENGTHENING PATIENT RESEARCH PARTNER 2022". Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 82, Suppl 1 (30 de maio de 2023): 322.1–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2023-eular.5949.

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BackgroundIn Europe the role of patients is growing significantly. In Serbia it is not a case. Our aim is to create a PRP network to bring research closer to patients. Through this network, trust between rheumatologists/researchers and patients, should be increased. Looking in the countries around, Serbia has the longest waiting period for permits to introduce studies. Involving patients in research activities and their active role will provide better chances for patients to be introduced and treated with innovative drugs. Patient’s perspective is important part of research, their needs, experiences and even doubts will contribute a lot to research. There are more than 70,000 people who suffer from some kind of inflammatory rheumatic diseases (IRD) in Serbia. These diseases are significant burden for our society. There are quite a few innovative drugs in Serbia, but however, innovative drugs are still unavailable for some diagnosis such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic Sclerosis, Vasculitis, Sjogren.ObjectivesThe aims of this EULAR campaign were for us to:- improve patients education about importance of research in order to increase the availability of innovative drugs with colaboration with Rheumatology Association of Serbia (RAS) and Serbian Association of Health Professionals in Rheumatology (SAHPR)- found national PRP network- motivate researchers to accept and involve patients in research as equal team member- encourage patients to participate/take an active role in research to increase patients’ trust in studies- increase the mutual trust between patients and rheumatologists and health professionals.MethodsAssociation of Rheumatic Diseases Patients of the Republic of Serbia now have 15 PRPs. They are members of national PRP network in Serbia. ORS improved cooperation with The Association of the manufacturers of innovative drugs INOVIA, with Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia – ALIMS, with CRA Academy. Director of the Association of Manufacturers of Innovative Medicines INOVIA, and director of CRA Academy invited us from ORS to promote the campaign “Time2Research” on their events in September and December months, ALIMS (Drug and Medical Device Agency) offered its assistance in improving the legislation for PRPs.ResultsAssociation of Rheumatic Diseases Patients of the Republic of Serbia now have 15 PRPs. They are members of national PRP network in Serbia. ORS improved cooperation with The Association of the manufacturers of innovative drugs INOVIA, with Medicines and Medical Devices Agency of Serbia – ALIMS, with CRA Academy. Director of the Association of Manufacturers of Innovative Medicines INOVIA, and director of CRA Academy invited us from ORS to promote the campaign “Time2Research” on their events in September and December months, ALIMS (Drug and Medical Device Agency) offered its assistance in improving the legislation for PRPs.ConclusionAs the PRP network is a completely new institution in Serbia we have to explore all the opportunities for its implementation. We are proud that we establish a PRP network of 15 PRPs and we are making a plan how to engageas many of them as we can. We want to include our PRPs who know English well in the EULAR PRP network.REFERENCES:NIL.Acknowledgements:NIL.Disclosure of InterestsNone Declared.

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Sullivan, Daniel W. "Manufacturing Hiring Trends: Employers Seeking More Diverse Skills". International Journal of Management & Information Systems (IJMIS) 16, n.º 3 (9 de julho de 2012): 247. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ijmis.v16i3.7077.

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According to the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), 32% of American manufactures reported that even during the height of the recession, they had unfilled job openings. The reason cited for this phenomenon was that American manufacturers were unable to find workers with the skills they required. The inability to close the gap between the managerial skills American manufacturers want and the skills available in the workforce continues to hinder the hiring process. In an effort to understand the disconnect, this study was conducted among manufacturers with facilities located in Ohio, Indiana, and Michigan areas to determine the skills most sought after by manufacturers as they attempt to hire recent college graduates. The results revealed a shift away from the traditional skill focus of engineering curriculums toward a more rounded skill set - one relying heavily on a host of people skills and a sophisticated understanding of the cross functional relationships that exist between traditional disciplines. The study also revealed that manufactures are placing an increased emphasis on outside certifications as a way to reduce expensive in-house training costs. Finally, employers are looking to institutions of higher learning as leaders in their effort to provide the skills graduates need to succeed in manufacturing.

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Fernandez, Angelina Anne, e Rahmah Ismail. "The Roles of Institutional Frameworks in Enforcing Food Safety in Malaysia". GATR Global Journal of Business Social Sciences Review 6, n.º 3 (14 de setembro de 2018): 97–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.35609/gjbssr.2018.6.3(4).

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Objective - Food is one of the basic elements of survival. Nevertheless, the advancement of science and technology has made food safety a complex issue. Chemical additives that are harmful to health are constantly added into our food products. Food safety involves the health of the society at large and the productivity of individuals in our country. There needs to be a tightening of laws to ensure that the food safety of our products is always protected. The objective of this paper is to examine the roles of various enforcement agencies - both governmental and non-governmental - and to conduct a comparative study with the Food Standard Agency in the United Kingdom. Methodology/Technique - The governmental agency involved in this study is the Food and Quality Division under the Ministry of Health Malaysia. The paper also examines the role of non-governmental agencies, namely, the Consumer Association of Penang and the National Consumer Complaints Centre, in channeling and documenting complaints from consumers to relevant enforcement agencies. A qualitative methodology is adopted to analyze the relevant documents. Findings - The results of the research identifies that the enforcement of the laws by governmental bodies needs to be improved. On the other hand, non-governmental bodies are found to be effectively executing their duties. Therefore, it is suggested that government agencies should increase transparency in reporting their cases to the consumers, particularly through their website. It is also suggested that they report irresponsible food manufacturers in newspapers and seek to prosecute those manufacturers in courts. Novelty - It is hoped that this paper will act to advise food manufacturers of the governmental and non-governmental regulatory bodies in place. The paper also proposes that the Food Safety and Quality Division work together with non-governmental bodies, namely the Consumer Association of Penang and the National Consumer Complaint Centre, to combat food safety and quality, to increase transparency and enforce the laws on food safety more rigorously. Type of Paper - Empirical Keywords: Food Safety; Enforcement; Food Manufacturers; Food Quality Standards; Community; Consumers. JEL Classification: L60, L66, L69

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Alvarez, Matheus, Samara Pavan Souza, Allan Felipe Fattori Alves, Ana Luiza Milani, Túlio Guilherme Soares Marques, Marcos Aureliano Araújo Silva, José Carlos Souza Trindade Filho e Diana Rodrigues de Pina. "Phantom comparison for MRI quality control tests according to manufacturers and national standards". Brazilian Journal of Development 9, n.º 2 (3 de fevereiro de 2023): 6517–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.34117/bjdv9n2-025.

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Quality control tests are mandatory and essential to monitor Magnetic Resonance Imaging equipment. These assist in determining improper functioning or parameters below established reference levels. The objective of this study was to perform quality control tests in magnetic resonance imaging equipment and to compare their methodology with both FLUKE and KONEX phantoms. Different protocols were used for their evaluation, including the American Association of Physics in Medicine, the American College of Radiologists, and the Brazilian National Health Surveillance Agency. In this study, we demonstrated the results for the most critical tests: slice thickness accuracy, slice position accuracy, high-contrast spatial resolution, low-contrast resolution, magnetic field, and slice thickness uniformity. The results are that, although both phantom objects are efficient for carrying out the tests required in Brazilian regulations, the KONEX phantom consumes less time, as it requires less to image all its structures. The FLUKE phantoms need a longer acquisition time to obtain all test structures and object images. Nevertheless, the results obtained in both are within limits required by Brazilian regulations and limits suggested by the manufacturers' manuals. This work is expected to be a basis for other physicians and services using similar phantoms.

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Diener, Robert M. "Harmonization of Drug Safety Guidelines: A Perspective from the Pharmaceuticals Industry". Journal of the American College of Toxicology 11, n.º 3 (maio de 1992): 293–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10915819209141864.

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The Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (PMA) and the International Federation of Pharmaceutical Manufacturers Association (IFPMA) have taken a leading role in the current harmonization efforts, which also include issues on quality assurance and clinical efficacy, although these subjects will not be addressed here. Important preclinical testing issues were identified by industry and regulatory expert working groups in Europe, Japan, and the United States. The most critical issues were then selected, and regulatory agencies in each country were encouraged to address the possible resolution of national differences. The issues under discussion include acceptable requirements for single-dose testing in rodents and nonrodents; clarification of no-effect, delayed-effect, and toxic-effect dose levels in repeated-dose toxicity studies; 6-versus 12-month requirements for chronic toxicity studies; clarification and harmonization of requirements for developmental toxicity studies; standards/issues for biotechnology safety studies; and the timing of toxicity studies versus the conduct of clinical trials. Final resolutions and agency positions were presented during the First International Conference on Harmonization held November 5–7 in Brussels, Belgium.

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Udupa, Jayaram K., Hsiu-Mei Hung, Dewey Odhner e Roberto Goncalves. "Multidimensional data format specification: A generalization of the American College of Radiology-National Electric Manufacturers Association standards". Journal of Digital Imaging 5, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1992): 26–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03167821.

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Skorykh, L. N., I. O. Fominova, A. V. Skokova e I. I. Dmitrik. "Association of GH gene polymorphism with meat quality traits in meat and wool sheep". Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), n.º 8 (20 de julho de 2022): 31–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2208-04.

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Increasing the productivity and effi ciency of lamb production is a key factor in the competitiveness of the meat sheep industry. Therefore, in order to conduct sheep breeding more effectively it is necessary to apply new approaches to increase and improve the quality of products.Considerable interest are modern technologies involving the use of DNA markers, which are widely used in national breeding programs of a number of countries with developed animal husbandry and have a signifi cant impact on improving productivity indicators. A significant number of genes associated with meat productivity and meat quality have been identifi ed. However, in sheep breeding, information about the main genes or loci that affect the growth characteristics and productive traits of sheep is relatively limited. Due to the growing interest in the production of young mutton and lamb, priority is given to the study of genes that control meat productivity. The greatest interests are studies on the evaluation of the polymorphism of the growth hormone (GH) gene, which controls growth and development, as well as infl uencing the meat productivity of sheep. In this regard, the purpose of this work was research aimed at fi nding associations between polymorphic variants of the growth hormone gene and the qualitative characteristics of meat in meat and wool sheep of the genotype ½ Poll Dorset × ½ North Caucasian Meat and Wool breed bred in the Stavropol Territory. The data obtained when studying the histostructure of the m. Longissimus dorsi, depending on the genotypes of GH gene, indicate that the muscle tissue in individuals with AB and BB genotypes was characterized by a large number of muscle fi bers by 5,7 and 6,4 %, their smaller diameter by 7,6 and 9,2 %, and a lower content of connective tissue compared to animals with the genotype AA of GH gene.

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D'Haese, Marijke, Guido Van Huylenbroeck, O. Doyer e Mieke Calus. "A netchain development perspective on woolfarmers' associations in poor communities: a case study in South Africa". Journal on Chain and Network Science 7, n.º 1 (1 de junho de 2007): 11–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/jcns2007.x074.

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In this article we describe an initiative from the local wool growing industry to integrate small-scale farmers in the wool chain in the Transkei area, one of the former homelands of South Africa. These communities are poor and sustain their livelihoods from diverse income sources, primarily pensions and remittances; therefore income-generating activities are needed to alleviate poverty. In this light, agriculture remains an important activity for many of the rural poor in former homelands to generate food and cash. Small-scale farmers, however, face many challenges, such as inadequate access to technology, credit, land and markets. The local associations are a mechanism for collective access to technology, post-harvest handling and marketing, and are supported by a development initiative from the National Woolgrowers' Association (NWGA). The aim of this research note is to discuss our research into the difficulties woolgrowers in the Transkei area encounter in their production and market environment and to provide insights into how collective action by farmers' associations can contribute to access the most basic chain links.

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Beste, Lauren A., Michael Icardi, Christine M. Hunt, Ina Gylys-Colwell, Elliott Lowy, Leslie Taylor, Timothy R. Morgan, Michael F. Chang, Marissa M. Maier e Ramsey Cheung. "Alanine Aminotransferase Results Differ by Analyzer Manufacturer in a National Integrated Health Setting, 2012–2017". Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine 144, n.º 6 (7 de novembro de 2019): 748–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.5858/arpa.2018-0622-oa.

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Context.— Disease guidelines specify universal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) thresholds for clinical decision-making, yet the effect of variability among ALT analyzers remains unclear. Objective.— To compare ALT results from different analyzers from 2012–2017. Design.— Veterans Health Administration (VHA) laboratories perform external ALT proficiency testing using standardized College of American Pathologists (CAP) samples in analyzers by 5 manufacturers. In this operational analysis, we evaluated 22 950 ALT values from 80 independent CAP samples tested at 223 laboratories. Using mixed effects modeling, we estimated the association between analyzer manufacturer and CAP outcome, adjusting for manufacturer, facility, and calendar year. We performed subgroup analyses on CAP samples with overall means near clinical guideline-specified thresholds, including less than 50 U/L (n = 10) and less than 35 U/L (n = 5). Results.— The VHA used Abbott Laboratories (n = 3175; 14%), Beckman Coulter Diagnostics (n = 8723; 38%), Roche Diagnostics (n = 2595; 11%), Siemens Healthineers USA (n = 5713; 25%), and Vitros/Ortho Clinical Diagnostics (n = 2744; 12%) analyzers. The CAP samples (n = 80 samples, n = 22 950 tests) covered a wide range of mean ALT values (21–268 U/L). The average difference in mean ALT value per sample between the highest-reading and lowest-reading manufacturers was 15.4 U/L (SD = 1.8) for the 10 samples with mean ALT less than 50 U/L, and it was 10.4 U/L (SD = 3.6) overall (n = 80). In linear mixed effects modeling, we found statistically significant differences in ALT values between the different manufacturers in each year. Conclusions.— We found statistically and clinically meaningful differences between analyzers across the ALT spectrum in each year, including at ALT levels lower than 50 U/L and lower than 35 U/L. Universal ALT thresholds should be avoided as a trigger for clinical action until differences between analyzers can be resolved.

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Du, Haoyuan. "Sustainable Development Strategy Based on FAW Bestune Automobile Industry: Focus on PEST Model Analysis". Journal of Education, Humanities and Social Sciences 2 (13 de julho de 2022): 206–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ehss.v2i.808.

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With the advocacy of green and low-carbon development and the concepts of carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, new opportunities and challenges have emerged in the automobile industry as a important industry of the national economy. Data comes from the Association of Automobile Manufacturers and the Passenger Car Market Information Association to analyze the sustainable development of FAW Bestune. Judging from the research results, FAW Bestune as a veteran car company still has powerful competitiveness in China, but with the development of intelligent networked vehicles and the transformation of the automotive industry, the company is facing severe challenges as well. This article can provide ideas and references for the sustainable development of Bestune and other domestic auto companies.

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Prasad, R., O. Ratib e H. Zaidi. "Performance Evaluation of the FLEX Triumph X-PET Scanner Using the National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU-4 Standards". Journal of Nuclear Medicine 51, n.º 10 (16 de setembro de 2010): 1608–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.110.076125.

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Holdren, Nate. "Jennifer Delton, The Industrialists: How the National Association of Manufacturers Shaped American Capitalism (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2020)". Labour / Le Travail 89 (27 de maio de 2022): 335–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.52975/llt.2022v89.0035.

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Belles, Donald W. "Regulating Foam Plastic Insulated Garage Doors: A Summary of Research for The National Association of Garage Door Manufacturers". Journal of Applied Fire Science 4, n.º 2 (1 de janeiro de 1994): 105–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/wp7v-8a5a-cdhb-h6h6.

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Miller, Donald L., Mythreyi Bhargavan-Chatfield, Mark R. Armstrong e Priscilla F. Butler. "Clinical Implementation of the National Electrical Manufacturers Association CT Dose Check Standard at ACR Dose Index Registry Sites". Journal of the American College of Radiology 11, n.º 10 (outubro de 2014): 989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacr.2014.04.010.

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Rodwin, Marc A., e Sara Gerke. "German Pharmaceutical Pricing: Lessons for the United States". International Journal of Health Services 52, n.º 1 (20 de outubro de 2021): 146–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00207314211040948.

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To control pharmaceutical spending and improve access, the United States could adopt strategies similar to those introduced in Germany by the 2011 German Pharmaceutical Market Reorganization Act. In Germany, manufacturers sell new drugs immediately upon receiving marketing approval. During the first year, the German Federal Joint Committee assesses new drugs to determine their added medical benefit. It assigns them a score indicating their added benefit. New drugs comparable to drugs in a reference price group are assigned to that group and receive the same reimbursement, unless they are therapeutically superior. The National Association of Statutory Health Insurance Funds then negotiates with manufacturers the maximum reimbursement starting the 13th month, consistent with the drug's added benefit assessment and price caps in other European countries. In the absence of agreement, an arbitration board sets the price. Manufacturers accept the price resolution or exit the market. Thereafter, prices generally are not increased, even for inflation. US public and private insurers control prices in diverse ways, but typically obtain discounts by designating certain drugs as preferred and by restricting patient access or charging high copayment for nonpreferred drugs. This article draws 10 lessons for drug pricing reform in US federal programs and private insurance.

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DELTON, JENNIFER. "Who Tells Your Story: Contested History at the NAM". Enterprise & Society 21, n.º 1 (2 de agosto de 2019): 110–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/eso.2019.30.

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From 1948 to 1960, an executive secretary at the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM) attempted to persuade NAM leaders to commission an “objective” history of the organization. The project never came to fruition, but the story reveals a fundamental split within the NAM between its professional staff and its conservative leadership over the organization’s mission. It thus offers a unique perspective on the NAM not as a powerful lobby, but as a contested workplace with its own fraught dynamics, which, in turn, reveals a more progressive image of the 1950s-era NAM than historians have typically recognized.

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Baskaran, Kamaladevi. "The Power of Private Label in Retail Market". International Journal of Business Administration and Management Research 4, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2018): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijbamr.2018.4.3.06.

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Globally, own store brands or private labels are rapidly gaining share at the cost of manufacture brands. In India, where the share of organised retail is minuscule, manufacture brands still dominate. With the retail sector poised for growth, national brand manufacturers will have to contend with competition within distribution channel, which calls for revised marketing strategy locally, to thwart the threat of the private label in a store. The phenomenon also offers national brand manufacturers the opportunity to service the production needs of the private labels efficiently. The problem is India's internet-savvy consumers aren't as convinced about Private labels as their global counterparts. Consumers may be happy with the quality of private label when it comes to kitchen towels and staples like wheat flour but are wary when it comes to buying a store version of, say, baby food or shampoo. The paper has also discussed the different types branding strategies used by retailers in the developing countries. The manufacturer brands have an advantage relative to own brand where symbolic association and/or product innovation are important to customers. Conversely, where symbolic associations and product innovations are less important there is an opportunity for retailers to compete successfully with manufacturer brands if they can demonstrate comparable product quality and provide value or money. This paper deals with the power of private label in modern retail market.

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Ранченко, Геннадий Степанович, e Анна Григорьевна Буряченко. "ПЕРСПЕКТИВИ РОЗВИТКУ ЕЛЕКТРОННИХ САУ ГТД". Aerospace technic and technology, n.º 7 (10 de novembro de 2018): 95–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2018.7.14.

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The analysis of the basic directions of electronic automatic control systems for aviation gas-turbine engines (FADEC) development is presented. This analysis is executed on the base of materials of the Scientific and Technical Congress of Aero-Engine Manufacturers. This Congress passed within the limits of the International engine forum in April 2018 in Moscow under aegis of the International association «Association of Aero-Engine Manufacturers» (ASSAD). The review of a modern condition of developing works of the specialized scientific enterprises in the field of application of onboard mathematical model «virtual engine» and introductions of wireless technologies in the aviation industry is given. It is noted, that design offices of manufacturers introduce as perspective decisions the modular unitized design for electronic automatic control systems and the “vibration passport” for engine type. The using of onboard mathematical model «virtual engine» provide the electronic automatic control systems with the possibility to apply the new controlling concepts and to compensate the failures of transducers which have information interchange with the automatic control system. The software «virtual engine» is developed by scientists of Central Institute of Aviation Motors (Moscow) and of Ukrainian National Aerospace University (Kharkov). The wireless technologies need the specialized power supply devices for wireless engines transducers. There is the tendency to use the engine energy (thermal engine energy, vibration engine energy) for such a power supply devices which is to be built on the base of thermoelectric generators, vibration generators and magnetic induction generators. The investigation of engine vibration characteristics in order to form the “vibration passport” for engine type is described. This passport is to be used for engine diagnostic during exploitation. There is described the method of electronic automatic control systems reliability confirmation by comparison with the prototypes (analogs) which is proposed by scientists of Central Institute of Aviation Motors.

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Szanda, I., J. Mackewn, G. Patay, P. Major, K. Sunassee, G. E. Mullen, G. Nemeth, Y. Haemisch, P. J. Blower e P. K. Marsden. "National Electrical Manufacturers Association NU-4 Performance Evaluation of the PET Component of the NanoPET/CT Preclinical PET/CT Scanner". Journal of Nuclear Medicine 52, n.º 11 (3 de outubro de 2011): 1741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2967/jnumed.111.088260.

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WANG, DAN, YEZHUANG TIAN e YUNQUAN HU. "EMPIRICAL STUDY OF SUPPLIER SELECTION PRACTICES IN SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN MANUFACTURING COMPANIES". International Journal of Innovation and Technology Management 02, n.º 04 (dezembro de 2005): 391–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219877005000575.

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Supply chain management has seen a wide application since the 1990s in satisfying diversified customer demands. To remain competitive on a global scale, manufacturing companies greatly increased the scope of their outsourcing activities. Consequently, supplier selection has become a highly prioritized activity with major significance to companies. Previous studies of supplier selection show that there are commonly accepted supplier selection criteria. However, there are insufficient studies on the association between the manufacturer's criteria of supplier selection and why it wins orders from its customers. Studies on the differences of supplier selection criteria among manufacturers from different countries are insufficient either. Through empirical study this paper tries to find out the association between manufacturer's criteria in supplier selection and how it wins orders. Considerations of supplier selection criteria in different national background are compared and the consistency of supplier selection criteria and competitive priority is analyzed.

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JANIEWSKI, DOLORES. "From Labor Rights to the Right to Work: Constituting and Resisting Social Citizenship, 1932–1953". Journal of Policy History 34, n.º 3 (6 de junho de 2022): 371–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030622000148.

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AbstractThe analysis examines the effort to incorporate labor rights into the American conception of civil liberties and the opposition to that endeavor. It focuses on three Senators—Robert Wagner, Robert La Follette, Jr., and Elbert Thomas—and New Deal officials who conceived of the National Labor Relations Act as a cornerstone of the effort to achieve “economic justice” and defended the law against its critics. It examines the opponents, including the National Association of Manufacturers and an anticommunist alliance between southern Democrats and Republicans. An ideological counteroffensive recast the supporters of social rights as un-American opponents of free enterprise and defined civil liberties as protecting the individual from an expansionist state and labor bosses. The analysis demonstrates the multiple causes for the disappearance of ideological space for conceiving that protection from oppressive employers constituted a civil liberty and the displacement of labor rights by the “right to work.”

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SEYER, SEAN. "An Industry Worth Protecting? The Manufacturers Aircraft Association’s Struggle against the British Surplus, 1919–1922". Journal of Policy History 34, n.º 3 (6 de junho de 2022): 403–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0898030622000112.

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AbstractThe American aircraft industry’s important role in the economic, military, and cultural expansion of the United States over the past one hundred years has been well documented by historians. But America’s twentieth century aerial dominance was not preordained. After World War I, the nascent American aircraft industry faced a concerted British effort to dump thousands of war surplus machines on the U.S. market. With aircraft outside of the nation’s tariff regime, members of the Manufacturers Aircraft Association turned to Congress for emergency protections in the face of what they considered an existential threat. Despite efforts to equate a strong industrial base for aviation with the national defense, aircraft antidumping legislation became mired in partisan debates over tariff policy and accusations of wartime corruption. In the absence of relief from Congress, the Wright patent served as a barrier against the importation of foreign surplus machines.

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Cavazos, David E., e Matthew Rutherford. "Examining the association between government-sponsored product ratings and firm political participation". Journal of Strategy and Management 10, n.º 2 (15 de maio de 2017): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jsma-01-2016-0005.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to apply firm aspiration theory to explore how firms respond to government product ratings. Design/methodology/approach Longitudinal examination of nine automobile manufacturers during National Highway Traffic and Safety Administration crash tests in the USA. Findings Firms take specific external actions to influence the political mechanisms that support ranking schemes when product ratings are below those of rivals and when previously highly rated products decline. In addition, firms receiving rankings above those of their competitors are found to be less likely to take such action, even when their overall ratings declined. Similarly, firms seeing improvements in previously low-rated products will take fewer actions aimed at influencing the political mechanisms that support rating schemes. Originality/value The primary contribution of this research is in establishing when firm product ratings will result in actions to influence external ratings criteria. Previous research has shown that firms respond to organizational ratings by taking action aimed at improving subsequent performance. The current research builds on such work by applying aspiration theory in an effort to predict and explain when and why certain ratings will attract firm attention to the external mechanisms that support such ratings.

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Masturzo, Luigi, Pietro Carra, Paola Anna Erba, Matteo Morrocchi, Alessandro Pilleri, Giancarlo Sportelli e Nicola Belcari. "Monte Carlo Characterization of the Trimage Brain PET System". Journal of Imaging 8, n.º 2 (23 de janeiro de 2022): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging8020021.

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The TRIMAGE project aims to develop a brain-dedicated PET/MR/EEG (Positron Emission Tomography/Magnetic Resonance/Electroencephalogram) system that is able to perform simultaneous PET, MR and EEG acquisitions. The PET component consists of a full ring with 18 sectors. Each sector includes three square detector modules based on dual sstaggered LYSO:Ce matrices read out by SiPMs. Using Monte Carlo simulations and following NEMA (National Electrical Manufacturers Association) guidelines, image quality procedures have been applied to evaluate the performance of the PET component of the system. The performance are reported in terms of spatial resolution, uniformity, recovery coefficient, spill over ratio, noise equivalent count rate (NECR) and scatter fraction. The results show that the TRIMAGE system is at the top of the current brain PET technologies.

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Liss, B. I. "Government, Trade and Industry and Other Preventative Responses to Volatile Substance Abuse". Human Toxicology 8, n.º 4 (julho de 1989): 327–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/096032718900800413.

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1 Since the early 1960s the USA has attempted to combat the problem of volatile substance abuse through legislation including restricting sales, banning 'sniffing', labelling and adding unpleasant smells to abused products. None of this legislation appears to have had the desired effect. 2 VSA has been a growing problem in Britain since the 1970s and presently kills two people per week. The British Government initially adopted a low profile approach, although legislation restricting the sale of abused products was introduced in 1985. 3 In 1984 the British Adhesives Manufacturers Association founded Re-Solv, the society for the prevention of solvent and volatile substance abuse; it is now an independent national charity. Re-solv believe that a broad education programme is needed to combat VSA and are involved in many such projects.

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Skorykh, L., I. Fominova, E. Surzhikova e D. Kovalenko. "Polymorphism of genes of Growth Hormone (GH) and Calpastatin (CAST) in wool-and-meat producing sheep". Glavnyj zootehnik (Head of Animal Breeding), n.º 7 (1 de julho de 2020): 6–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/sel-03-2007-01.

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At present, modern technologies involving the use of DNA markers, which are widely used in national breeding programs in a number of countries with developed animal husbandry are of considerable interest and have a signifi cant infl uence on improving productivity traits. A signifi cant number of genes associated with meat productivity and meat quality have been identifi ed. In sheep breeding such research has been developed only recently. Due to the growing interest in the production of young mutton and lamb, priority is given to the study of genes that control meat productivity. However, the most popular are genetic markers that are interconnected with candidate genes, whose protein products play a signifi cant role in the formation or regulation of physiological and biochemical processes. Alleles of the Growth Hormone (GH) gene and Calpastatin (CAST) gene are considered as potential markers of sheep meat productivity. In this regard, the purpose of this work was to study the polymorphism of GH and CAST genes in crossbred wool-and-meat producing sheep (1/2 Poll Dorset × 1/2 North Caucasian wool-and-meat producing breed) bred in the Stavropol Territory. The analysis of Somatotropin and Calpastatin gene polymorphism was performed by PCR-PDRF. When studying GH gene polymorphism, the genotypes AA, AB and BB have been found, the frequency of occurrence of which was 29,7; 42,8 and 27,5 %, respectively. Allele A prevailed in the studied animals – 0,786, allele B was – 0,214. The CAST gene was represented by two genotypes MM and MN (the NN genotype was absent in the animals of this group) with a frequency of 87,9 and 12,1 %, respectively. The frequency of the M allele was high at 0,94, while the n allele was low at 0,06. The results obtained during the researches indicate the establishment of a variety of allelic variants of Somatotropin and Calpastatin genes in wool-and-meat producing sheep. Further research will be aimed at studying the association of identifi ed polymorphisms with economically useful traits.

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Pan, Tinsu, Samuel A. Einstein, Srinivas Cheenu Kappadath, Kira S. Grogg, Cristina Lois Gomez, Adam M. Alessio, William C. Hunter, Georges El Fakhri, Paul E. Kinahan e Osama R. Mawlawi. "Performance evaluation of the 5‐Ring GE Discovery MI PET/CT system using the national electrical manufacturers association NU 2‐2012 Standard". Medical Physics 46, n.º 7 (31 de maio de 2019): 3025–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mp.13576.

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Calitz, Andre, e Margaret Cullen. "The Application of a Knowledge Management Framework to Automotive Original Component Manufacturers". Interdisciplinary Journal of Information, Knowledge, and Management 12 (2017): 337–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3897.

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Aim/Purpose: This paper aims to present an example of the application of a Knowledge Man-agement (KM) framework to automotive original component manufacturers (OEMs). The objective is to explore KM according to the four pillars of a selected KM framework. Background: This research demonstrates how a framework, namely the George Washington University’s Four Pillar Framework, can be used to determine the KM status of the automotive OEM industry, where knowledge is complex and can influence the complexity of the KM system (KMS) used. Methodology: An empirical study was undertaken using a questionnaire to gather quantitative data. There were 38 respondents from the National Association of Automotive Component and Allied Manufacturers (NAACAM) and suppliers from three major automotive OEMs. The respondents were required to be familiar with the company’s KMS. Contribution: Currently there is a limited body of research available on the KM implementation frameworks for the automotive industry. This study presents a novel approach to the use of a KM framework to reveal the status of KM in automotive OEMs. At the time of writing, the relationship between the four pillars and the complexity of KMS had not yet been determined. Findings: The results indicate that there is a need to improve KM in the automotive OEM industry. According to the relationships investigated, the four pillars, namely leadership, organization, technology and learning, are considered important for KM, regardless of the level of KMS complexity, Recommendations for Practitioners: Automotive OEMs need to ensure that the KM aspects are established and should be periodically evaluated by using a KM framework such as the George Washington University’s Four Pillar Framework to identify KM weaknesses. Recommendation for Researchers: The establishment and upkeep of a successful KM environment is challenging due to the complexity involved with various influencing aspects. To ensure that all aspects are considered in KM environments, comprehensive KM frameworks, such as the George Washington University’s Four Pillar Framework, need to be applied. Impact on Society: The status of KM management and accessibility of knowledge in organizations needs to be periodically examined, in order to improve supplier and OEM knowledge sharing. Future Research: Although the framework used provides a process for KM status determination, this study could be extended by investigating a methodology that includes KMS best practice and tools. This study could be repeated at a national and international level to provide an indication of KM practice within the entire automotive industry.

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Khalid, Sayed Mohammad Naim. "Food Labeling Regulations in South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) Countries: Benefits, Challenges and Implications". Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 3, n.º 4 (23 de dezembro de 2014): 196. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v3i4.196-203.214.

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Food labels describe the content of a food and are intended to guide the consumer in food selection. The nutrition information provided must be in consistency with legal requirements and dietary recommendations. Selection of the specific nutrients or food components to be listed should further take into account label space, the analytical feasibility of measuring the particular nutritional component within the food matrix, and the relative costs of such analyses. Information provided on labels should be truthful and not mislead consumers. At the same time, labeling regulations should provide incentives to manufacturers to develop products that promote public health and assist consumers in following dietary recommendations. In some countries some segments of the population benefit from information about the composition of foods. In such cases, countries should consider the need to provide for appropriate labeling and its presentation relative to existing regulations. Different approaches and legal requirements have been established. These create difficulties in developing and harmonizing labels, which have broad international applications. For these reasons, the Codex Guidelines on food labeling play an important role to provide guidance to member countries when they want to develop or update their national regulations and to encourage harmonization of national with international standards. These Guidelines are based on the principle that no food should be described or presented in a manner that is false, misleading or deceptive. Exchange of information at the regional and sub-regional level is important, as each country can learn from the experience of others and regional co-ordination and co-operation can be developed.

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Gritsenko, Sergiy, Taisiya Dovgan e Veronika Ninich. "Cluster prospects of the use of unmanned aerial systems in supporting the living activity of critical industries". Electronic Scientific Journal Intellectualization of Logistics and Supply Chain Management #1 2020, n.º 12 (abril de 2022): 36–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.46783/smart-scm/2022-12-3.

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The article considered the prospects for the use of unmanned aerial systems in transport and logistics clusters for the delivery of cargo to critical locations, humanitarian assistance to community members, etc. Identified the main advantages and disadvantages of using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in peacetime and wartime. The main idea of the article is the use of unmanned aerial systems (UAS) in ensuring the viability of critical industries in cooperation with the Association of Industrial Automation of Ukraine (APPAU), National Aviation University (NAU), joining the Ukrainian Cluster Alliance (UCA) as a regional transport. logistics cluster of unmanned aerial systems and complexes of NAU. Presented the classification of UAS by mass, altitude, flight duration, and range. Determined the composition of units of the unmanned aerial system. Given the characteristics of the designs of air drones (drones) of the manufacturers of world companies and the staff of the National Aviation University. The key priority of formation in the Ukrainian cluster alliance of the regional transport and logistics cluster of unmanned aerial systems and complexes based on the Scientific and Production Center for Unmanned Aviation "Virage ", departments: organization of air transportation, organization of aviation works, and services, logistics National Aviation University and other partner organizations. This will expand its opportunities to enter the European and world aviation markets.

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Robinson, James C. "Social trust and regional variation in the adoption of biosimilars in Italy and Germany". Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal 11, n.º 3 (15 de dezembro de 2022): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.5639/gabij.2022.1103.015.

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Introduction/Study Objectives: Adoption of biosimilars has fallen below projections, despite the vigorous implementation of economic incentives, thereby highlighting the importance of behavioural factors such as social trust. This paper analyses biosimilar adoption across provinces in Italy and Germany, which evince strong variation in social trust, and across nations in Europe. Methods: Data for 2020 biosimilar adoption for Italian provinces were obtained from the national pharmaceutical organization and for German states from the association of biosimilar manufacturers. Social trust was coded for Italy and Germany using historical metrics; political trust was coded using the Quality of Government Index (QGI). Multivariable methods were used to ascertain the association between adoption, social trust, political trust, and income per capita. Regressions also were conducted using data at the national level for 20 European nations. The study includes two biologicals for chronic immunological conditions, three biologicals for acute cancer treatments, and their 20 biosimilars. Results: Adoption of biosimilars was much lower in regions suffering from low social trust and low trust in government, respectively, with penetration falling below the national median in seven out of eight provinces in southern Italy and in all seven provinces in eastern Germany. Rates of adoption are 21.5 percentage points higher in northern than in southern Italy and 5.2 points higher in western than in eastern Germany, controlling for other relevant factors. Provinces with low values on the QGI had significantly lower adoption than provinces with high citizen trust in government. Conclusion: Economic incentives to promote adoption of biosimilars must ensure that the benefits accrue to the populations most affected, thereby enhancing social trust and cooperation.

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Balaram, Ruby, e Chase Kaniecki. "Conflict over Conflict Minerals: U.S. Policy Fails First Amendment Test". Global Trade and Customs Journal 9, Issue 9 (1 de setembro de 2014): 411–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/gtcj2014049.

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In an effort to stem the resources available to armed groups in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the U.S. government passed a law requiring issuers to file reports with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission discussing whether materials used in their products include "conflict minerals"-materials that are sourced from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and neighboring countries. The National Association of Manufacturers challenged the law on several grounds and was partially successful. The appeals court reviewing the challenges determined that a portion of the law violated the First Amendment by requiring issuers to state whether their products were "free" of conflict minerals. This paper describes the law and the court challenges, including the current status of appeals. The paper also describes the recent filings that were required to be made under the law and practice tips for issuers to comply with the law.

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Valenti, Michael. "More Motor Muscle". Mechanical Engineering 123, n.º 10 (1 de outubro de 2001): 56–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2001-oct-2.

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This article reviews that material and design improvements convert more electrical energy into mechanical power. According to the Department of Energy, electric motors account for two-thirds of the energy consumed by US industries, including chemicals, general manufacturing, mining, and utilities. More than 1.2 million integral electrical motors are sold each year, 10–15% of them high-efficiency motors, according to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), based in Rosslyn, VA. Greenville Tube Corp., based in Greenville, PA, is a subsidiary of Chart Industries Inc. in Cleveland. Greenville Tube’s 100,000-square-foot plant in Clarksville, AR, made a name for itself by quickly producing stainless steel tubing of specific size and type to reduce costly downtime caused by equipment failure. The Clarksville plant cold draws approximately one million feet of stainless steel tubing each month for use in automotive, aerospace, food processing, and medical equipment, pharmaceutical and petrochemical applications.

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Duvall, J. Michael. "The Curious Tales of The Scarlet Empire". Utopian Studies 35, n.º 1 (março de 2024): 83–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/utopianstudies.35.1.0083.

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ABSTRACT The Scarlet Empire (1906) by David Maclean Parry, a former president of the National Association of Manufacturers (NAM), offers an anti-utopian romance set in an authoritarian socialist Atlantis. Supplementing the efforts of NAM to limit the power of unions and diminish the appeal of socialism through political and editorial suasion, the novel promised a new and powerful way of proselytizing middle-class readers by competing with prominent literary utopians and socialists, especially Edward Bellamy and Upton Sinclair. The novel’s protagonist is converted to individualism and capitalism and comes to see socialism as emasculating. Empire bundles capitalism and masculinity together through a redemptive adventure romance narrative that serves capitalist ideological purposes and has the protagonist combining tremendous wealth, a powerful faith in individualism, and a recovered masculine subjectivity to become a captain of industry and paragon of a hegemonic masculinity at the turn of the twentieth century.

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