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Kholodnyi, R. D. "MODELING THE SKELETAL MUSCLE INJURY IN RATS". International Journal of Veterinary Medicine, n.º 3 (18 de outubro de 2022): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.52419/issn2072-2419.2022.3.253.
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Muscles are the most important executive organs - effectors. Both according to morphological and functional characteristics, muscles are divided into two types - striated and smooth. Striated muscles, in turn, are usually divided into skeletal and cardiac. Striated muscles form the motor apparatus of the skeleton, oculomotor, chewing and other motor systems in animals. The striated muscles, with the exception of the heart muscle, are completely controlled by the central nervous system, they are devoid of automatism.The problem of damage to skeletal muscles is very relevant and widespread. These injuries disrupt the musculoskeletal function of animals, up to its complete loss. To search for methods for restoring the structure and function of muscles, experiments are being carried out on laboratory animals. This article is devoted to the selection of the optimal model of skeletal muscle injury, performed on laboratory rats. The study was conducted on Wistar rats. The choice of the muscle on which the models will be worked out, as well as the surgical access to it, is substantiated. Three options for inflicting damage to muscle tissue (cut wounds directed parallel to muscle fibers; cut wounds directed across muscle fibers; crushed wounds of muscle tissue) and the timing of healing of these injuries are proposed. The result of the study showed that the gastrocnemius muscle is the most suitable for modeling damage to muscle tissue in rats, and a crushed wound has the longest healing time.
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Cequier, Alina, Carmen Sanz, Clementina Rodellar e Laura Barrachina. "The Usefulness of Mesenchymal Stem Cells beyond the Musculoskeletal System in Horses". Animals 11, n.º 4 (25 de março de 2021): 931. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11040931.
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The differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) initially raised interest for treating musculoskeletal injuries in horses, but MSC paracrine activity has widened their scope for inflammatory and immune-mediated pathologies in both equine and human medicine. Furthermore, the similar etiopathogenesis of some diseases in both species has advanced the concept of “One Medicine, One Health”. This article reviews the current knowledge on the use of MSCs for equine pathologies beyond the locomotor system, highlighting the value of the horse as translational model. Ophthalmologic and reproductive disorders are among the most studied for MSC application. Equine asthma, equine metabolic syndrome, and endotoxemia have been less explored but offer an interesting scenario for human translation. The use of MSCs in wounds also provides a potential model for humans because of the healing particularities in both species. High-burden equine-specific pathologies such as laminitis have been suggested to benefit from MSC-therapy, and MSC application in challenging disorders such as neurologic conditions has been proposed. The available data are preliminary, however, and require further development to translate results into the clinic. Nevertheless, current evidence indicates a significant potential of equine MSCs to enlarge their range of application, with particular interest in pathologies analogous to human conditions.
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Meena, M. L., G. S. Dangayach e A. Bhardwaj. "A Literature Review of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Handicraft Sector". International Journal of Applied Industrial Engineering 3, n.º 2 (julho de 2016): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijaie.2016070103.
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This research review article made an attempt to review such issues pertaining to handicraft sector. It highlight/covers following aspects in detail: ergonomics interventions in handicraft industries, occupational risk factor, and musculoskeletal disorders. The literatures over a decade reported that ergonomics concepts are more applied in large-scale industries like steel plant, power plant, manufacturing plants, automotive sectors etc. rather than small-scale industries like handicraft. However, applying ergonomics concepts/principles in such industries would definitely lead to increase in the work-system-worker productivity by improvement in tools, methods, work-environment, minimizing injuries and disorders. Based on literature studies recommendations are made that significant lead to improvement in productivity of such industries.
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Hewett, Timothy E., e Nathaniel A. Bates. "Preventive Biomechanics: A Paradigm Shift With a Translational Approach to Injury Prevention". American Journal of Sports Medicine 45, n.º 11 (15 de fevereiro de 2017): 2654–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546516686080.
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Background: Preventive medicine techniques have alleviated billions of dollars’ worth of the economic burden in the medical care system through the implementation of vaccinations and screenings before the onset of disease symptoms. Knowledge of biomechanical tendencies has progressed rapidly over the past 20 years such that clinicians can identify, in healthy athletes, the underlying mechanisms that lead to catastrophic injuries such as anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) ruptures. As such, preventive medicine concepts can be applied to noncontact musculoskeletal injuries to reduce the economic burden of sports medicine treatments and enhance the long-term health of athletes. Purpose: To illustrate the practical medical benefits that could be gained from preventive biomechanics applied to the ACL as well as the need and feasibility for the broad implementation of these principles. Study Design: Literature review. Methods: The recent literature pertinent to the screening and prevention of musculoskeletal injuries was reviewed and compiled into a clinical commentary on the current state and applicability of preventive biomechanics. Results: Investigators have identified neuromuscular training protocols that screen for and correct the underlying biomechanical deficits that lead to ACL injuries. The literature shows that when athletes comply with these prescribed training protocols, the incidence of injuries is significantly reduced within that population. Such preventive biomechanics practices employ basic training methods that would be familiar to athletic coaches and have the potential to save billions of dollars in cost in sports medicine. Conclusion: The widespread implementation of preventive biomechanics concepts could profoundly affect the field of sports medicine with a minimum of initial investment.
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Потапнёв, М. П., В. Г. Богдан, С. И. Кривенко, В. Я. Янушко, М. А. Панченко, Г. Г. Кондратенко, П. С. Неверов et al. "Preparations of Soluble Platelet Factors - New Options of Regenerative Medicine". Гематология. Трансфузиология. Восточная Европа, n.º 3 (9 de novembro de 2021): 379–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.34883/pi.2021.7.3.010.
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В кратком обзоре дано представление о препаратах растворимых факторов тромбоцитов (РФТ) человека и их медицинском применении. Отмечено, что препараты РФТ уже широко используются для лечения длительно заживающих ран кожи и слизистых, а также при травмах и заболеваниях опорно-двигательного аппарата. Существуют области медицины, в которых активно изучаются условия для успешного местного применения препаратов РФТ: клеточная терапия, пластическая хирургия, офтальмология, кожные болезни, косметология, офтальмология, акушерство и гинекология, неврология. Сделан вывод о целесообразности дальнейшего медицинского изучения показаний для эффективного применения препаратов РФТ. A brief review provides the data on the preparations of human soluble platelet factors (SPF) and their medical use. It is noted that SPF preparations are widely used for the treatment of long-term healing wounds of the skin and mucous membranes, as well as for injuries and diseases of the musculoskeletal system. There are the areas of medicine, where the conditions for successful topical use of SPF are being actively studied. These are the cell therapy, plastic surgery, ophthalmology, skin diseases, cosmetology, obstetrics and gynecology, neurology. The conclusion is made about the expediency of further medical study of the indications for the effective use of SPF preparations.
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Knapik, Joseph, e Ryan Steelman. "Risk Factors for Injuries During Military Static-Line Airborne Operations: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis". Journal of Athletic Training 51, n.º 11 (1 de novembro de 2016): 962–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-51.9.10.
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Objective: To identify and analyze articles in which the authors examined risk factors for soldiers during military static-line airborne operations. Data Sources: We searched for articles in PubMed, the Defense Technical Information Center, reference lists, and other sources using the key words airborne, parachuting, parachutes, paratrooper, injuries, wounds, trauma, and musculoskeletal. Study Selection: The search identified 17 684 potential studies. Studies were included if they were written in English, involved military static-line parachute operations, recorded injuries directly from events on the landing zone or from safety or medical records, and provided data for quantitative assessment of injury risk factors. A total of 23 studies met the review criteria, and 15 were included in the meta-analysis. Data Extraction: The summary statistic obtained for each risk factor was the risk ratio, which was the ratio of the injury risk in 1 group to that of another (baseline) group. Where data were sufficient, meta-analyses were performed and heterogeneity and publication bias were assessed. Data Synthesis: Risk factors for static-line parachuting injuries included night jumps, jumps with extra equipment, higher wind speeds, higher air temperatures, jumps from fixed-wing aircraft rather than balloons or helicopters, jumps onto certain types of terrain, being a female paratrooper, greater body weight, not using the parachute ankle brace, smaller parachute canopies, simultaneous exits from both sides of an aircraft, higher heat index, winds from the rear of the aircraft on exit entanglements, less experience with a particular parachute system, being an enlisted soldier rather than an officer, and jumps involving a greater number of paratroopers. Conclusions: We analyzed and summarized factors that increased the injury risk for soldiers during military static-line parachute operations. Understanding and considering these factors in risk evaluations may reduce the likelihood of injury during parachuting.
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Norton, Pedro, Sara Magalhaes, Jose Luis Trigo, Paulo Pinho, Tatiana Varandas, Joao Amaro, Sara Almeida Santos, Ines Morais Caldas, Maria Lurdes Pereira e Ana Margarida Rosario. "Ergonomic Risk and Musculoskeletal Disorders Related to the Upper Limbs in Dental Medicine Students". Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 3, n.º 12 (novembro de 2022): 1298–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1596.
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Background: In light of the high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dentists, an extended knowledge of the phenomena, including the onset time and treatments presenting higher risk, is needed. Thus, this study aimed to 1) assess exposure to ergonomic risk factors, musculoskeletal symptoms and associated functional limitation in dental students, 2) estimate the prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders in dental students and 3) assess the exposure to vibrations associated with the use of an ultrasonic scaler. Methods: For the ergonomic evaluation, two questionnaires were applied: Assessment of Repetitive Tasks (ART-Tool) and the Strain-Index Score Sheet. The ultrasonic scaler's assessment of exposure to vibratory forces was carried out by a certified engineer using an accelerometer Cubic Triaxial Deltatron attached to a mounting clip attached with cyanoacrylate to the handpiece of the scaler, according to the 3 axes of the hand-arm system (x, y e z). Standardized questionnaires were used to identify symptoms and associated disability. Results: All the recorded values exceeded the maximum limit of reference. This difference was more accentuated in the Strain-Index. The maximum exposure value is much lower than the limit imposed. An exposure time equivalent to 8 hours of work in a day would still not exceed the maximum action value. As a result of the clinical evaluation, different musculoskeletal disorders were identified. Conclusion: Ergonomic risk exposure among dental students is a reality. Preventive strategies aimed at reducing the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in dentists should be initiated at an early stage in their lives, particularly during their academic training.
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Mikusev, G. I., F. F. Khaidarov, R. U. Gainullin e N. N. Akhmetzyanov. "A case of scapular avulsion with upper limb". Kazan medical journal 81, n.º 3 (2 de fevereiro de 2022): 229–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj96719.
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Limb avulsions are the most severe injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Among the causes of damage, separations due to the ingress of limbs under rail transport, into working machines and units, dominate. Bleeding from the wound with this type of injury is usually insignificant or absent at all, which is explained by damage to the wall of the main vessels at different levels. The thrombus in the lumen of the stump is intertwined and firmly held by all the shells of the ruptured vessel. The most severe injury is the complete separation of the scapula with the entire upper limb. Rapid rotation of the arm leads to twisting of the tunicae externae of large vessels, there is no severe bleeding when the limb is torn off.
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Lucas, Logan A., Benjamin S. England, Travis W. Mason, Christopher R. Lanning, Taylor M. Miller, Alexander M. Morgan e Thomas Gus Almonroeder. "Decision Making Influences Tibial Impact Accelerations During Lateral Cutting". Journal of Applied Biomechanics 34, n.º 5 (1 de outubro de 2018): 414–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.2017-0397.
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Lower-extremity musculoskeletal injuries are common in sports such as basketball and soccer. Athletes competing in sports of this nature must maneuver in response to the actions of their teammates, opponents, etc. This limits their ability to preplan movements. The purpose of this study was to compare impact accelerations during preplanned versus unplanned lateral cutting. A total of 30 subjects (15 males and 15 females) performed preplanned and unplanned cuts while the authors analyzed impact accelerations using an accelerometer secured to their tibia. For the preplanned condition, subjects were aware of the movement to perform before initiating a trial. For the unplanned condition, subjects initiated their movement and then reacted to the illumination of one of 3 visual stimuli which dictated whether they would cut, land, or land-and-jump. A mixed-model analysis of variance with a between factor of sex (male and female) and a within factor of condition (preplanned and unplanned) was used to analyze the magnitude and variability of the impact accelerations for the cutting trials. Both males and females demonstrated higher impact accelerations (P = .01) and a trend toward greater intertrial variability (P = .07) for the unplanned cutting trials (vs preplanned cuts). Unplanned cutting may place greater demands on the musculoskeletal system.
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Morgoshiia, T. Sh. "Contribution of Professor G.I. Turner to domestic traumatology and orthopaedics (to the 160th anniversary of birth)". N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 25, n.º 3-4 (15 de dezembro de 2018): 134–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17116/vto201803-041134.
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The article presents the main milestones of the life of the outstanding scientist G.I. Turner (1858-1941) - a man who made an invaluable contribution to the formation and development of domestic orthopedics, military surgery. At the beginning of medical activity as a general surgeon, he mastered the basic principles of treatment of pathology of the musculoskeletal system, which played an important role in all its subsequent activities. It was G.I. Turner who had the idea of creating specialized hospitals for the wounded and special institutions for the rehabilitation of war invalids. It should be noted his active participation in the popularization of information on the prevention of diseases and injuries, in the practical training of methods of primary care to victims. Much effort and energy has been devoted to helping sick children with physical defects and restoring the working ability of crippled children. For many years he led the work of the orphanage in St. Petersburg, which in 1932 was transformed into the Institute of rehabilitation of physically defective children and adolescents, named after G.I. Turner.
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Kutepov, S. M., e S. V. Gulnazarova. "To the history of the method of transosseous osteosynthesis in the Middle Urals". Genij Ortopedii 27, n.º 3 (junho de 2021): 307–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.18019/1028-4427-2021-27-3-307-312.
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Background The article reviews the history of the study, development and application of the method of transosseous osteosynthesis in the Middle Urals. G.A. Ilizarov first presented his device and the results of its use in fracture repair at a meeting of the Trauma and Orthopedic Scientific Society in Sverdlovsk in December 1952. The report was met with great interest. Prof. F.R. Bogdanov invited him to conduct research on bone regeneration during compression osteosynthesis at the Ural Research Institute for Trauma and Orthopaedics. The work initiated by G.A. Ilizarov and V.I. Stetsula gave rise to a large and longterm research on transosseous osteosynthesis at the Institute. The study focused on regeneration of bone, muscles, blood vessels and nerves, development and justification of compression-distraction osteosynthesis in fractures, limb shortening, nonunions, bone deformities, severe injuries to the pelvis, spine and spinal cord. Basic research was conducted to explore the role of the blood system and immune reactions involved in bone formation during limb lengthening. Material and methods Databases of scientific works and technical solutions registered with authorship certificates and patents of the USSR and the Russian Federation by fellow workers of the VOSKHITO, SNIITO, the Ural Research Institute for Trauma and Orthopaedics, the holdings of the Institute's scientific archive facility were used for the article. The search depth is 68 years. Results The Ural V.D. Chaklin Research Institute for Trauma and Orthopaedics has been studying and using the method of G.A. Ilizarov for many years and has made a significant contribution through theoretical rationale, development of new technologies of transosseous osteosynthesis, introduction and spread of the techniques over the vast territory of the Middle Urals and neighboring regions. Conclusion Despite the fact that in the recent years, transosseous osteosynthesis has to a certain extent been replaced in Russia by modern techniques with constructs of internal osteosynthesis, but there is no alternative to the method of G.A. Ilizarov in the treatment of gunshot wounds, open fractures, polytrauma, extensive bone defects, achondroplasia and many other disorders of the musculoskeletal system.
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Eschweiler, Jörg, Jianzhang Li, Valentin Quack, Björn Rath, Alice Baroncini, Frank Hildebrand e Filippo Migliorini. "Anatomy, Biomechanics, and Loads of the Wrist Joint". Life 12, n.º 2 (27 de janeiro de 2022): 188. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12020188.
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The wrist is by far the most differentiated section of the musculoskeletal system. The spectrum of wrist injuries ranges from minor injuries to complex traumas with simultaneous loss of functions, resulting in enormous economic costs. A proper understanding of the anatomy and biomechanics is essential for effective treatment, whether conservative or surgical; this applies to the wrist no less than to other parts of the human body. Here; information on the wrist anatomy; kinematics; and biomechanical behavior is presented, commencing with a brief explanation of the structure of its hard and soft tissues. Eight carpal bones in combination with two forearm bones (radius and ulna) construct the wrist joint. The motion of the wrist joint is initiated by the muscles of the forearm, and strong and short ligaments ensure the stability of the wrist. All of these components are essential to bringing functions to the wrist joint because these structures allow wrist mobility and sustainability. In addition, the kinematics of the wrist joint is presented and different biomechanical model approaches. The therapeutic (surgical) restoration of the balance between the load–bearing capacity and the actual stress on a joint is the prerequisite for a lifelong and trouble-free function of a joint. Regarding the complex clinical problems, however, a valid biomechanical wrist joint model would be necessary as assistance, to improve the success of systematized therapies based on computer–aided model–based planning and intervention.
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Vishnubala, Dane, Katherine Rose Marino, Margaret Kathryn Pratten, Andy Pringle, Steffan Arthur Griffin, Gabrielle Finn, Peter Bazira e Kimberley Edwards. "Integrating sport and exercise medicine clinics into the National Health Service: a qualitative study". BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine 6, n.º 1 (novembro de 2020): e000888. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000888.
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ObjectivesTo explore the services National Health Service (NHS)-based sport and exercise medicine (SEM) clinics can offer, and the barriers to creating and integrating SEM services into the NHS.MethodsSemi-structured interviews were undertaken to collect data from identified ‘stakeholders’. Stakeholders were identified as individuals who had experience and knowledge of the speciality of SEM and the NHS. An inductive thematic analysis approach was taken to analyse the data.ResultsN=15 stakeholder interviews. The management of musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries (both acute and chronic) and concussion were highlighted as the two key services that SEM clinics can offer that would most benefit the NHS. MSK ultrasound was also mentioned by all stakeholders as a critical service that SEM clinics should provide. While exercise medicine is an integral part of SEM, SEM clinics should perhaps not have a heavy exercise medicine focus. The key barriers to setting up SEM clinics were stated to be convincing NHS management, conflict with other specialities and a lack of awareness of the speciality.ConclusionThe management of acute MSK injuries and concussion should be the cornerstone of SEM services, ideally with the ability to provide MSK ultrasound. Education of others on the speciality of SEM, confirming consistent ‘unique selling points’ of SEM clinics and promoting how SEM can add value to the NHS is vital. If the successful integration of SEM into the NHS is not widely achieved, we risk the NHS not receiving all the benefits that SEM can provide to the healthcare system.
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Sara, Hasna Hena, Anisur Rahman Bayazid e Zahidul Quayyum. "Occupational Health Sufferings of Child Waste Workers in South Asia: A Scoping Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, n.º 14 (15 de julho de 2022): 8628. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19148628.
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Background: Child labor remains a health hazard, affecting the mental, physical, and emotional well-being of children. Children engage in waste management through various channels while constantly working to create a healthier and cleaner environment and exposing themselves to numerous health risks. Thus, this scoping review aims to explore the occupational injuries, health hazards, and sufferings of child waste workers in South Asia. Methods: Following the PRISMA guidelines, a scoping review of available relevant scientific literature was completed to comprehensively analyze the extent of child waste workers’ health suffering. Online databases PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar were searched for predefined criteria. Collected references were screened with Rayyan web tools and Endnote. Based on study inclusion criteria, a thematic synthesis was performed on the findings of 12 articles. Results: This study’s findings provided deep insights into the most prevalent occupational health sufferings among child waste workers, as depicted in the available literature. Prevalence of injuries like cuts and wounds was found predominant. These injuries are caused by the collection, transportation, dumping, and recycling of waste. Respiratory, musculoskeletal, and skin diseases are more prevalent among child waste worker children than in control groups of the same socioeconomic backgrounds. A higher chance of genetic or neuro-degenerative disorder and DNA mutation indicates a long-term effect on the children working in the waste management sector. Psychological sufferings were the least explored, although very common among child laborers. MPD (Minor Psychiatric Disorder) was very high among waste workers. Regarding healthcare-seeking behavior, traditional methods are preferable rather than formal health facilities. More research is required in this area due to a lack of evidence on the health problems of child waste workers. Conclusions: Occupational hazards were myriad among child waste workers. Though many children are involved in waste management, they are typically excluded from mainstream child protection and support systems, making them more exposed to occupational harassment and injury. Policymakers should design specific programs for these vulnerable groups considering the issues below, i.e., provide protective equipment such as facemasks, gloves, footwear, and rag sorting tools to safeguard them from physical damage and illness, ensure access to health care, to school, and provide basic nutrients to them. Furthermore, the authorities should think of alternative income generating programs for these groups of children.
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Cook, Sara, Thomas Byrnes, Mia Hagen, Albert Gee, Christopher Kweon e Casey Slattery. "Increased Costs and Health Care Utilization Associated with Delay in Diagnosis of ACL Injuries". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, n.º 7_suppl6 (1 de julho de 2020): 2325967120S0048. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00484.
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Objectives: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries can be difficult to diagnose, especially among providers with limited musculoskeletal training. Early and accurate diagnosis of ACL injuries is important for initiating proper treatment and limiting inefficient or costly healthcare utilization. We hypothesized that a delayed diagnosis in patients sustaining ACL injuries would result in treatment that is more costly and utilizes more healthcare resource compared to patients diagnosed without delay. Methods: A large national private insurance database (Truven MarketScan) was utilized to identify all patients aged 10-63 years-old diagnosed with an ACL tear from 2011 through 2015. Patients with a possible delay in diagnosis were determined via a database search for the most commonly assigned alternative knee-related diagnosis codes found in patients who were later diagnosed with an ACL tear. Patients were stratified into three groups according to time from non-specific knee diagnosis code to ACL diagnosis: 1) no delay (0 days), short delay (1-30 days) and long delay (>30 days). Subsequent cost and healthcare utilization data including physical therapy, medication use, and number of clinic visits were collected for a period of one-year after initial presentation with an ACL tear or knee-related diagnosis. Results: A search from 2011 through 2015 identified 87,435 patients meeting inclusion criteria that were diagnosed with an ACL injury. There were 24.1% of patients diagnosed at initial presentation whereas 43.5% were diagnosed between one day and 30 days. There were 38.2% of patients that were treated without surgery and had the lowest total cost regardless of delay in diagnosis (Table 1). ACL reconstruction combined with other knee procedures had the highest total cost, particularly with a longer delay in diagnosis. Each day of delay in diagnosis was three times more costly in the non-surgical (additional $27.06 cost per day of delay) versus the surgical groups ($8.09 cost per day of delay). Conclusions: A timely diagnosis of ACL injuries is associated with a lower cost of treatment and less visits to healthcare providers. Non-operative injuries may benefit the most from a timely diagnosis given the high additional cost per day of diagnosis delay. In order to further decrease the burden on the healthcare system, future studies should assess methods than can decrease delays in diagnosis while measuring cost and utilization differences as well as outcomes after ACL tears.
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Khaksar, Siavash, Stefanie Pieters, Bita Borazjani, Joshua Hyde, Harrison Booker, Adil Khokhar, Iain Murray e Amity Campbell. "Posture Monitoring and Correction Exercises for Workers in Hostile Environments Utilizing Non-Invasive Sensors: Algorithm Development and Validation". Sensors 22, n.º 24 (8 de dezembro de 2022): 9618. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249618.
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Personal protective equipment (PPE) is an essential key factor in standardizing safety within the workplace. Harsh working environments with long working hours can cause stress on the human body that may lead to musculoskeletal disorder (MSD). MSD refers to injuries that impact the muscles, nerves, joints, and many other human body areas. Most work-related MSD results from hazardous manual tasks involving repetitive, sustained force, or repetitive movements in awkward postures. This paper presents collaborative research from the School of Electrical Engineering and School of Allied Health at Curtin University. The main objective was to develop a framework for posture correction exercises for workers in hostile environments, utilizing inertial measurement units (IMU). The developed system uses IMUs to record the head, back, and pelvis movements of a healthy participant without MSD and determine the range of motion of each joint. A simulation was developed to analyze the participant’s posture to determine whether the posture present would pose an increased risk of MSD with limits to a range of movement set based on the literature. When compared to measurements made by a goniometer, the body movement recorded 94% accuracy and the wrist movement recorded 96% accuracy.
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Šniurevičienė, Veronika, Laura Baumann e Laura Žlibinaitė. "Pilates Exercise Impact on Functional Movements, Core Stability and Risk of Injuries in Handball Players". Reabilitacijos mokslai: slauga, kineziterapija, ergoterapija 1, n.º 26 (31 de maio de 2022): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33607/rmske.v1i26.1185.
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Background. Handball is a dynamic and physically demanding sport, especially due to the excessive contact of players during the game. The high velocity of the game, high number of matches and the athletic conditioning puts a strain on the musculoskeletal system, leading to a high risk of injury. Prior research substantiates the belief that a better spinal stabilization function due to the application of Pilates exercises would help to achieve better sports results and reduce the risk of injuries.
The aim. To evaluate the impact of a Pilates exercise program on functional movements, core stability and risk of injuries in young handball players.
Methods. 12 professional handball players aged 18.25 ± 0.45 years participated in the study. A Pilates exercise program was applied in addition to the regular handball training. The program lasted for 8 weeks, with the sessions organized on-line, twice a week for 60 minutes. Before and after the program, functional movements were assessed using the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) method, core stability was assessed by McGill core muscle isometric endurance tests, dynamic stability and associated injury risk was assessed by modified star excursion balance test.
Results. After the application of the Pilates exercise program, the evaluation of functional movements according to FMS scores significantly improved (p < 0.05). The isometric endurance ratio of the right and left side core muscles significantly improved (p < 0.05), and the isometric strength endurance ratio between the right side and back muscles also improved (p < 0.05). No significant change in either the total index of dynamic stability of the arms or legs, which indicates the risk of injury was found after the Pilates exercise program.
Conclusion. This study illustrates the idea that a Pilates exercise program improved quality of the handball players’ functional movements and the isometric strength of some core-stabilizing muscles, while the risk of injuries did not change.
Keywords: movement quality, static endurance, dynamic stability, athletes, core stabilization exercise.
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Holly, Janet T., e Lyne G. Lavallee. "Use of Preparatory Stability Exercises with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Patients (COPD) to Prevent Iatrogenic Injuries during Rehabilitation". Clinical & Investigative Medicine 30, n.º 3 (1 de junho de 2007): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25011/cim.v30i3.1744.
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Background: The increasing incidence of injuries sustained by clients during pulmonary rehabilitation, created a need to develop a prevention strategy. A pre-pulmonary rehabilitation stability exercise class was created based on best practice principles from the orthopaedic literature. It has been discussed in the literature that patients who have COPD have poor stability strategies based on the dominance of the need to drive the respiratory system. If successful, it was felt that this program would decrease the incidence of injury, decrease length stay and help to optimize outcomes.
Methods: Six months of data recording the incidence and severity of injuries from participants in the pulmonary rehabilitation program was collected in order to obtain comparative statistics and demonstrate the need for this program. A literature review was performed to determine the risk of injury in this population. In a 6 month period, 17% of COPD clients admitted to the Rehabilitation Centre for pulmonary rehabilitation have had musculoskeletal issues that proved a significant enough barrier to rehabilitation to require treatment or pulmonary rehabilitation modification. Wait list clients for pulmonary rehabilitation were assessed using the PSFS, NPRS, the 6-minute walk test, the Active Straight Leg Raise, Sitting Arm Lift and the non-stop walk test. Clients participated in six one-hour group exercise sessions. The exercises included neck stabilizers, pelvic floor muscles, trunk stabilizers, and scapular stabilizers derived from published literature.
Results: Clients were re-evaluated using the same outcome tools as well as noting any injuries sustained and capacity to participate. This data was compared with historical data.
Conclusion: The data will help With patient selection for participation in the exercise class as well as refinement of the outcome tools and exercise protocol. This project illustrates the opportunities that exist to share and transfer knowledge from one area of physiotherapy expertise to another to meet the needs of practice. It is essential that this integrated approach to treatment be fostered by clinicians, educators and researchers alike to improve the overall outcomes for the clients.
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Sánchez Rosero, Carlos, César Rosero Mantilla, Rosa Galleguillos Pozo e Edwin Portero. "Evaluación de los factores de Riesgos Músculo-Esqueléticos en Área de Montaje de Calzado // Evaluation factors of musculoskeletal Risks in the Footwear Assembly Area." CIENCIA UNEMI 10, n.º 22 (6 de julho de 2017): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.29076/issn.2528-7737vol10iss22.2017pp69-80p.
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Integrar la ergonomía como parte fundamental en los procesos de las empresas de manufactura y servicio, es primordial en la actualidad, no solamente para evitar lesiones músculo- esqueléticas, sino que tiene una relación directa con el desempeño en el puesto de trabajo, por lo tanto al mejorar en estos aspectos, se tiene una alta probabilidad de aumentar la productividad. En este contexto esta investigación presenta la evaluación de las posturas de trabajo del personal del área de montaje de una empresa de calzado. La evaluación inicia con el estudio y descripción de cada una de las actividades del proceso de producción en el área de montaje, con ello se relaciona la postura de trabajo adoptada por la persona y el tiempo dedicado a las actividades diarias. Como resultado de la aplicación de los métodos de Ovako Working Analysis System, OWAS, se determina que el 16,92% de las posturas evaluadas a los trabajadores podría causar daño al sistema músculo- esquelético; mientras que con el método Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, RULA, se determina que el 22% de las posturas evaluadas, requieren el rediseño del puesto de trabajo para evitar dichas posturas forzadas. Integrate the ergonomics is fundamental in the process the manufacturing and services enterprises, nowadays is primordial, not only for avoid musculoskeletal injuries because it has a direct relationship with the performance in the workstation, therefore to get improvements in this aspects, it would have a direct possibility to increase the productivity. In this context this work presents the evaluation of working postures from the staff who works in the assembly area of a footwear company. The evaluation start with the study and description of each activity of the production process in the assembly area, with that relates the working posture adopted for the person and the time dedicated to the daily activities. As a result to apply the methods Ovako Working Analysis System, OWAS, it was determined that 16,92% of evaluated postures in nineteen workers could have the possibility of cause damage to musculoskeletal system, while with the method Rapid Upper Limb Assessment, RULA was established that of 22% of evaluated postures needs the redesign of workstation to avoid awkward postures.
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Helton, Gary L., Kenneth L. Cameron, Rebecca A. Zifchock, Erin Miller, Donald L. Goss, Jinsup Song e Michael T. Neary. "Association Between Running Shoe Characteristics and Lower Extremity Injuries in United States Military Academy Cadets". American Journal of Sports Medicine 47, n.º 12 (9 de setembro de 2019): 2853–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546519870534.
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Background: Running-related overuse injuries are very common among recreational runners, with the reported annual injury rates ranging from 39% to 85%. Relatively few large prospective cohort studies have been conducted to investigate injury risk associated with different running shoe characteristics, and the results of the existing studies are often contradictory. Purpose/Hypothesis: The purpose was to investigate the relationship between running shoe characteristics and lower extremity musculoskeletal injury. It was hypothesized that the risk of injury would be increased in individuals wearing shoes with minimal torsional stiffness and heel height compared with those wearing shoes with greater levels of torsional stiffness and heel height. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: The study included 1025 incoming cadets. Shoe torsional stiffness and heel height were calculated and recorded. Demographic data were recorded and analyzed as potential covariates. Lower extremity injuries sustained over 9 weeks during cadet basic training were documented by use of the Armed Forces Health Longitudinal Technology Application and the Cadet Illness and Injury Tracking System. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were estimated, with time to incident lower extremity injury as the primary outcome by level of the independent predictor variables. Risk factors or potential covariates were carried forward into multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models. Absolute and relative risk reduction and numbers needed to treat were calculated. Results: Approximately 18.1% of participants incurred a lower extremity injury. Cadets wearing shoes with moderate lateral torsional stiffness were 49% less likely to incur any type of lower extremity injury and 52% less likely to incur an overuse lower extremity injury than cadets wearing shoes with minimal lateral torsional stiffness, both of which were statistically significant observations. Injury risk was similar among cadets wearing shoes with minimal and extreme lateral torsional stiffness. Conclusion: Shoes with mild to moderate lateral torsional stiffness may be appropriate in reducing risk of lower extremity injury in cadets. Shoes with minimal lateral torsional stiffness should be discouraged in this population.
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Mansur, Nacime S., Lucas Fonseca, Eduardo S. Maciel, Thiago Inojossa, Cesar de Cesar Netto e Diego C. Astur. "Characterization of Motor Performance in 200 Normal Ankles Through Isokinetic Evaluation". Foot & Ankle Orthopaedics 7, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2022): 2473011421S0033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2473011421s00335.
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Category: Ankle; Sports Introduction/Purpose: The isokinetic test has been used diffusely as a way to evaluate the functional results after the rehabilitation of musculoskeletal injuries. In the ankle, in particular, most studies are related to lateral ligament injuries and Achilles tendon's injuries. However, different protocols are used and a lack of normative values is observed in the literature. The aim of this work is to perform a global isokinetic evaluation on healthy ankles in order to propose reference values for future patients. Methods: We evaluated 100 participants (200 ankles) using the Biodex 3 System for the eversion, inversion, dorsiflexion and plantar flexion movements of the ankle. The sample consisted of individuals aged 20-60 years, with an active life and practice of recreational physical activity (non-athlete) and without previous injuries. Five repetitions for strength (N / m) and work (J) at a speed of 30° / sec and 10 repetitions for power (W) at a speed of 120° / sec were performed in our protocol. Agonist / antagonist ratio and the Muscle Deficiency Index, which globally assesses the balance between the sides for each movement, were also evaluated, as well as the demographic variables. Different statistical analyzes were performed for each parameter. Results: The mean age was 38.5 years and BMI 25.8 (CI 2.7 and 0.8 respectively). The non-dominant side was consistently stronger (higher peak torque) in all movements (p <0.001 -). The mean values obtained for force in each movement were 29.9N / m (CI 1.4) for eversion, 34.8N / m (CI 1.6) for inversion, 48.6N / m (2.0) for dorsiflexion and 140.2 N / m (CI 6.1) for plantar flexion. There was no correlation between age or BMI with the maximum torque (N / m). The ratio of eversors / inverters was 88.8% (CI 3.1) and that of dorsiflexors / plantar flexors was 36.1% (1.3). The Muscle Deficiency Index showed a balance between the sides for each movement (p 0.062), with an average global difference of less than 10% between them (eversion 8.66 [CI 3.17], inversion 4.2 [3, 48], dorsiflexion 3.41 [3.04] and plantar flexion 5.18 [2.51]. Conclusion: As far as we know, this is the largest isokinetic assessment of normal ankles ever performed. The sample, although not stratified, was considered homogeneous (coefficient of variation <50%), which allows to propose several normative values for a non-athlete population in the isokinetic evaluation. It would be interesting to compare these data in the future with the functional results in patients after the treatment of certain injuries.
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Ruge-Jones, Lucas, Lisa Berntsen, Fea Morgan-Curtis, Daniel Hayes e Julianna C. Simon. "Investigating the color Doppler twinkling artifact as an early detector of cellular mineralization". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 151, n.º 4 (abril de 2022): A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0010563.
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Heterotopic ossification (HO) occurs when bone develops in areas where bone does not usually exist, often appearing after blast injuries or other musculoskeletal trauma. Current methods of diagnosis, such as three-phase bone scintigraphy, x-ray, or CT scans, take several weeks after the trauma before HO is visible. The color Doppler ultrasound twinkling artifact has been shown to detect the presence of kidney stones and other crystals. Twinkling could provide a more sensitive method of HO detection, which would allow for earlier diagnosis and treatment and limit HO severity. In our research, human bone marrow-derived stem cells (HBMSCs) were plated onto collagen scaffolds and cultured in osteogenic media to promote mineralization orgrowth media (controls). The cells were imaged every 3rd day from day 10 – day 25 using Phillips L7-4, L12-5, and Vermon L22-14v transducers and a Vantage-128 research ultrasound system; I/Q data were bulk saved for quantitative analysis. Samples with mineralization on 0.5% of their surface showed a 17% increase in Doppler magnitude compared to controls, suggesting that the twinkling artifact is a sensitive method for detection of mineralization in vitro. Further studies will investigate whether this method is effective in a murine model. [Work supported by DoD CDMRP PR201164.]
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Razeghi, Mohsen, Samaneh Ebrahimi, Farzaneh Yazdani e Behdad Tahayori. "The force applied to the knee extensor mechanism differs between flat-footed and normal subjects during walking". Biomedical Human Kinetics 10, n.º 1 (26 de julho de 2018): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bhk-2018-0016.
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Abstract Study aim: There is a lack of evidence to show the presence or absence of a relationship between foot morphology and changes of the force applied to the knee extensor mechanism. The purpose of this study was to examine whether the type of foot is a determining factor in the force applied to the extensor mechanism during walking. Materials and methods: Twenty female subjects (18-30 years), 10 with neutrally aligned feet and 10 with functional flat foot, participated in this study. Data were collected by employing a three dimensional motion capture system and a force platform, while the subjects were walking at their preferred speed. Knee extensor mechanism force was measured at sub-phases of gait (heel strike and toe-off). Results: A significant interaction was found between groups and sub-phases of gait for all the variables tested. The subjects with flat foot exhibited a significantly higher extensor mechanism force at toe-off compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusion: It can be concluded that subtalar hyper-pronation would increase the force applied to the knee extensor mechanism at toe-off, through increasing the knee sagittal angle, net external flexion moment and extensor mechanism moment arm. Therefore it may increase the possibility of musculoskeletal injuries
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Lander, Sarah, Julie Michels, Anne Brayer, Sarah Obudzinski, Taylor D’amore, Mitchel Chess, Derek Wakeman, P. Christopher Cook e James Sanders. "PEDIATRIC ORTHOPEDIC RADIOGRAPH REDUCTION: A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVE". Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, n.º 4_suppl3 (1 de abril de 2020): 2325967120S0014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120s00149.
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Background: Children are more vulnerable to ionizing radiation which increases health risks later in life including cancer. An interdepartmental team developed an algorithm to guide providers ordering extremity radiographs in pediatric patients with musculoskeletal (MSK) injuries. Purpose: Reduce unnecessary pediatric radiation/extremity radiographs through development and implementation of an interdepartmental designed algorithm. Determine utility, safety, and efficacy of the algorithm through retrospective and prospective analysis. Methods: Our study was performed at an academic pediatric trauma center. An interdepartmental committee including pediatric orthopedic surgery, emergency medicine, trauma, and radiology providers created a MSK injury imaging algorithm (Figure 1). We retrospectively validated the algorithm for efficacy and safety through chart review of pediatric patients seen in the ED with MSK extremity injury, identified through CPT code, from 6/24/2016 through 8/31/2016. We determined the number of extra radiographs per patient and identified if injuries would be missed utilizing our protocol. After retrospective validation, guideline implementation was undertaken through multidisciplinary education. The imaging guideline was prospectively implemented in the pediatric ED from 6/24/2018 through 8/31/2018. We continued to prospectively evaluate through selecting one week every month over the following eight months to determine sustainability of the implemented algorithm. Results: Our interdepartmental team in 2016 developed a pediatric MSK radiograph protocol (Figure 1). A retrospective chart and radiograph review of 295 pediatric patients between 6/24/2016 through 8/31/2016 was analyzed correlating physical examination to appropriate radiographs. Utilizing the protocol, the review revealed an average of 2.75 extra radiographs per patient. No injuries were missed. Providers including orthopedic and emergency medicine attendings, mid-levels, and residents were educated through meetings, emails, and having the protocol posted and easily accessible. Our protocol was implemented 6/24/18 and underwent prospective enrollment and review through 8/31/18 which revealed a reduction to 0.72 radiographs per patient (P-value <0.001) (Figure 2). Eight month follow up revealed a sustainable reduction in extra radiographs per patient (Figure 3). Conclusion: Reduction of unnecessary radiation to pediatric patients with MSK extremity injuries was accomplished through development and implementation of a safe and effective imaging algorithm. The multidisciplinary approach combined with widespread education of pediatric providers improved buy-in driving a sustainable system improvement. [Figure: see text][Figure: see text][Figure: see text]
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Draper, David O., Kenneth L. Knight e Justin H. Rigby. "High-Volt Pulsed Current: Treatment of Skin Wounds and Musculoskeletal Injuries". International Journal of Athletic Therapy and Training 17, n.º 4 (julho de 2012): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijatt.17.4.32.
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Wiley, Preston. "Overuse Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System". Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine 5, n.º 2 (abril de 1995): 138–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00042752-199504000-00012.
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Cooper, Reginald R. "Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system". International Orthopaedics 18, n.º 2 (abril de 1994): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02484426.
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De Agustín Del Burgo, José María, Fernando Blaya Haro, Roberto D’Amato e Juan Antonio Juanes Méndez. "Development of a Smart Splint to Monitor Different Parameters during the Treatment Process". Sensors 20, n.º 15 (29 de julho de 2020): 4207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20154207.
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For certain musculoskeletal complex rupture injuries, the only treatment available is the use of immobilization splints. This type of treatment usually causes discomfort and certain setbacks in patients. In addition, other complications are usually generated at the vascular, muscular, or articular level. Currently, there is a really possible alternative that would solve these problems and even allows a faster and better recovery. This is possible thanks to the application of engineering on additive manufacturing techniques and the use of biocompatible materials available in the market. This study proposes the use of these materials and techniques, including sensor integration inside the splints. The main parameters considered to be studied are pressure, humidity, and temperature. These aspects are combined and analyzed to determine any kind of unexpected evolution of the treatment. This way, it will be possible to monitor some signals that would be studied to detect problems that are associated to the very initial stage of the treatment. The goal of this study is to generate a smart splint by using biomaterials and engineering techniques based on the advanced manufacturing and sensor system, for clinical purposes. The results show that the prototype of the smart splint allows to get data when it is placed over the arm of a patient. Two temperatures are read during the treatment: in contact with the skin and between skin and splint. The humidity variations due to sweat inside the splint are also read by a humidity sensor. A pressure sensor detects slight changes of pressure inside the splint. In addition, an infrared sensor has been included as a presence detector.
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Wilson, Jonathan B., Christopher A. Rábago, Carrie W. Hoppes, Phaidra L. Harper, Jin Gao e Elizabeth Russell Esposito. "Should I Stay or Should I Go? Identifying Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in the Decision to Return to Duty Following Lower Extremity Injury". Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (1 de janeiro de 2021): 430–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa350.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Rehabilitation research of wounded service members (SMs) commonly focuses on physical ability to return to duty (RTD) as a measure of successful recovery. However, numerous factors or barriers may influence a SM’s ability and/or desire to RTD after lower extremity musculoskeletal trauma. SMs themselves as well as the clinical care team that works with them daily, often for years at a time, both offer unique perspectives on the influential factors that weigh into decisions to RTD. The purpose of this study was to identify the intrinsic and extrinsic factors patients and clinicians recognized as influencing the decision to RTD after severe lower extremity trauma. Materials and Methods Thirty-two SMs with severe lower extremity trauma (amputation and lower limb salvage) and 30 providers with at least 2 years’ experience caring for SMs with similar injuries participated separately in either a SM or provider/clinician focus group. Open-ended questions on factors influencing RTD and other rehabilitation success were discussed. Data analysis consisted of qualitative transcription and participatory active sorting, followed by thematic coding and grouping of qualitative data. Results Individual (health condition, personal traits, and career consideration), interpersonal (clinician’s impact, family influence, and peer influence), health care system (systems of care, transdisciplinary rehabilitation, and innovation availability), and institutional (policy, benefits, and unit/commander) themes emerged amongst SM patients and clinicians. Expected frequently occurring themes common to both groups were the influence of the team and family unit, as well as career trajectory options after a severe injury. An unexpected theme was acknowledgment of and dissatisfaction with the recent dismantling of institutional systems that support wounded SMs. Patients placed less emphasis on severity of injury and greater emphasis on system and policy barriers than did clinicians. Conclusions Characterization and classification of these clinician and SM-identified factors that influence the decision to RTD after severe lower extremity trauma is expected to improve the efficacy of future rehabilitation efforts and clinical practice guidelines by providing the clinical team the knowledge necessary to recognize modifiable barriers to patient success. A better understanding of factors influencing RTD decision-making may support policies for mitigating RTD barriers, better monitoring of the changing landscape of RTD after lower extremity trauma, improving systems of health care, and/or reducing turnover and facilitating force readiness.
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Cha, Jackie S., Sara Monfared, Dimitrios Stefanidis, Maury A. Nussbaum e Denny Yu. "Supporting Surgical Teams: Identifying Needs and Barriers for Exoskeleton Implementation in the Operating Room". Human Factors: The Journal of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society 62, n.º 3 (8 de outubro de 2019): 377–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018720819879271.
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Objective The objective of this study was to identify potential needs and barriers related to using exoskeletons to decrease musculoskeletal (MS) symptoms for workers in the operating room (OR). Background MS symptoms and injuries adversely impact worker health and performance in surgical environments. Half of the surgical team members (e.g., surgeons, nurses, trainees) report MS symptoms during and after surgery. Although the ergonomic risks in surgery are well recognized, little has been done to develop and sustain effective interventions. Method Surgical team members ( n = 14) participated in focus groups, performed a 10-min simulated surgical task with a commercial upper-body exoskeleton, and then completed a usability questionnaire. Content analysis was conducted to determine relevant themes. Results Four themes were identified: (1) characteristics of individuals, (2) perceived benefits, (3) environmental/societal factors, and (4) intervention characteristics. Participants noted that exoskeletons would benefit workers who stand in prolonged, static postures (e.g., holding instruments for visualization) and indicated that they could foresee a long-term decrease in MS symptoms with the intervention. Specifically, raising awareness of exoskeletons for early-career workers and obtaining buy-in from team members may increase future adoption of this technology. Mean participant responses from the System Usability Scale was 81.3 out of 100 ( SD = 8.1), which was in the acceptable range of usability. Conclusion Adoption factors were identified to implement exoskeletons in the OR, such as the indicated need for exoskeletons and usability. Exoskeletons may be beneficial in the OR, but barriers such as maintenance and safety to adoption will need to be addressed. Application Findings from this work identify facilitators and barriers for sustained implementation of exoskeletons by surgical teams.
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Weiss, Janet M. "Treatment of Leg Edema and Wounds in a Patient With Severe Musculoskeletal Injuries". Physical Therapy 78, n.º 10 (1 de outubro de 1998): 1104–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ptj/78.10.1104.
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Georgetti, Mark. "Orthopaedic injuries on the racecourse". UK-Vet Equine 6, n.º 3 (2 de julho de 2022): 142–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/ukve.2022.6.4.142.
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Musculoskeletal injuries occur commonly on racecourses and are often associated with multiple horses racing at high speeds or, in National Hunt Racing, with jumping steeple chase fences and hurdles. With injuries on the racecourse, initial veterinary care is often done in the public eye. Managing the various injuries requires good knowledge of wound care, common injuries, limb support techniques and good communication. Racecourse injuries can include soft tissue wounds, some of which involve synovial structures, tendon and ligament injuries, appendicular fractures and spinal fractures. Some of these necessitate euthanasia on humane grounds, but the majority can be treated successfully by providing first aid treatment at the racecourse and organising further treatment at a referral centre, or at the trainer's yard with their own vet.
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Lezhenina, S., N. Shuvalova e E. Guryanova. "AB1569-PARE WHAT DO PATIENTS KNOW ABOUT RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS?" Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases 81, Suppl 1 (23 de maio de 2022): 1884.2–1884. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2022-eular.628.
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BackgroundPatient awareness of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) contributes to more effective prevention of this disease. It is necessary to study the initial level of knowledge of patients about rheumatoid arthritis and analyze which sections of the educational program need to be studied carefully.ObjectivesTo analyze what patients know about rheumatoid arthritis, and do patients with this nosology want to be trained in various educational programs?MethodsA survey of 86 patients with RA of varying severity was conducted. The diagnosis of RA was established according to the (EULAR)/ACR criteria. Patients were divided into 2 groups by age: group 1 - 18-44 years old (young patients, N= 43), group 2 - 45-65 years old (middle-aged patients, N= 43. The study was conducted in the Central District Hospital of the city of Kanash. Questioning was conducted from January to December 2021. The questionnaire consisted of 2 parts: the first part (part A) included 20 questions (2 points were awarded for each correct answer). Questions related to the relationship between the onset of the disease and hypothermia, infection, stress, injuries of the musculoskeletal the presence of rheumatoid arthritis in close relatives. The knowledge of one’s own role in the process of treatment and prevention of RA was assessed. The second part of the questionnaire (part B) consisted of 6 questions. The need for obtaining information about RA and the desire of patients to be trained in various educational programs was studied. It was studied in what format they would like to study (remote or full-time) Survey data was processed in Statistical Analysis Software 15.0. Statistical significance was handled using Analysis of Variation analysis of variance.Results43.7% of group 1 and 56.8% of group 2 correctly classified rheumatoid arthritis as a disease that occurs predominantly in women. 14.6% of young respondents knew about the role of infection in the occurrence of RA, 32.8% - middle-aged. 52.2% of middle-aged patients, 22.8% of young patients knew about the influence of heredity in the occurrence of the disease. 28.0% of young respondents knew about the negative impact of stress on the onset and course of RA, middle-aged respondents - 58.2%. 21.6% of young respondents were aware of the impact of injuries of the musculoskeletal system on the occurrence of RA compared to 55.3% of middle-aged respondents. The awareness of patients about their own role in the treatment process in group 1 was 4.2%, in group 2 - 5.4%. 10.6% of young respondents and 14.8% of middle-aged respondents consider it possible to prevent RA relapses.92.1% of group 1 and 89.1% of group 2 expressed the need for additional information about RA. Distance learning was preferred by 80.1% of young patients and 65.7% of middle-aged respondents. 56.9% were not aware of the negative impact of stress on the course of RA. 62.5% did not know about the influence of hereditary factors. 95.2% of respondents underestimate their own role in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and 87.3% consider it impossible to prevent RA exacerbations. A positive factor was that 90.6% of the respondents report a need to obtain additional information about the disease.ConclusionIt is necessary to actively implement various educational programs, in which more attention should be paid to the prevention of RA and the participation of the patient himself in the treatment process. Training for patients is preferable to be carried out in a distance learning format.Disclosure of InterestsNone declared
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Baindurashvili, Alexei G., Klara I. Shapiro, Anatoliy V. Kagan, Alexander N. Vishniakov, Sergey V. Fedorov e Lyudmila A. Drozhzhina. "The characteristics of patients and hospital procedures for pediatric trauma in Saint Petersburg". Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 4, n.º 2 (15 de junho de 2016): 45–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors4245-53.
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This study presents health statistics for a specialized trauma department in a large pediatric hospital in St. Petersburg. Data relating to patients treated in the trauma department for any injuries and with injuries of the musculoskeletal system were analyzed separately. Injuries of the musculoskeletal system, accounted for 67.3% of all children hospitalized in the trauma department. We also identified patients with injuries of the musculoskeletal system who were treated in non-specialized departments of the hospital (accounting for 4.1% of patients in these departments). Detailed characteristics of the pediatric trauma departments, the characteristics of children hospitalized with injuries of the musculoskeletal system, methods for diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation are described. The challenges of rehabilitation for children with injuries and the need to increase the hospital capacity are also described.
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Covey, Dana C. "Blast and Fragment Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System". Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery 84, n.º 7 (julho de 2002): 1221–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200207000-00022.
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Atkinson, Robert. "Blast and Fragment Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System". Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 85, n.º 7 (julho de 2003): 1390. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200307000-00030.
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Covey, Dana C. "Blast and Fragment Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System". Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery-American Volume 85, n.º 7 (julho de 2003): 1390. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/00004623-200307000-00031.
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Saunders, J. "Overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system, 2nd edn". British Journal of Sports Medicine 40, n.º 9 (6 de julho de 2006): 810. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsm.2005.025544.
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Baindurashvili, Alexei G., Klara I. Shapiro, Lyudmila A. Drozhzhina e Alexander N. Vishniakov. "Indicators and dynamics of injuries of the musculoskeletal system in children of st petersburg in the current conditions". Pediatrician (St. Petersburg) 7, n.º 2 (15 de junho de 2016): 113–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ped72113-120.
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Injuries remain a most important problem in Russia. This article describes child injuries, especially child injuries of the musculoskeletal system in modern conditions. Injuries of the musculoskeletal system in children account for 85-87 % of all injuries. Studied the frequency and pattern of injuries of the musculoskeletal system in children. The frequency of injuries of the musculoskeletal system in children ranged from 156,8 before 170,7 per 1,000 population 0-17 years. Among the injuries was dominated by street and household (total of 68-71 %), school injury was 11-11,7 %, sports - 6,7-7,6 %. Analyzed injuries among patients of different sex. Among all types of injuries boys dominated, accounting for 53.8 to 66.7 % of the affected children. A special attention is paid to road injuries. This article describes some indicators of hospitalized injuries in children. The average hospitalization needed 16 % of injured, the hospitalization rates were 26.3 per 1,000 children. Using the method of least squares, managed to get trends in the development of injuries and to calculate the level of injuries for the next 3 years. Installed a slight downward trend in the rate of injuries - 0.2 cases per 1000 children per year. The analysis of statistical data provides the basis for in-depth study of the causes and circumstances of injuries, that allows the development of recommendations for their prevention and organization of medical care. This work can be useful for prospective development of pediatric trauma care in a big city.
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Wenger, Dennis R. "Textbook of Disorders and Injuries of the Musculoskeletal System",. Journal of Pediatric Orthopaedics 20, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2000): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01241398-200001000-00026.
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Marušic, Ana. "Citius, altius, fortius: overuse injuries of the musculoskeletal system". Lancet 363, n.º 9408 (fevereiro de 2004): 577. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(04)15566-9.
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Diab, Santiago S., Susan M. Stover, Francisco Carvallo, Akinyi C. Nyaoke, Janet Moore, Ashley Hill, Rick Arthur e Francisco A. Uzal. "Diagnostic approach to catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries in racehorses". Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 29, n.º 4 (8 de janeiro de 2017): 405–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1040638716685598.
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Catastrophic musculoskeletal injuries are the most common cause of euthanasia or spontaneous death in racehorses, and the most common cause of jockey falls with potential for serious human injury. Horses are predisposed to the vast majority of these injuries by preexisting lesions that can be prevented by early diagnosis and adequate bone injury management. A thorough examination of the musculoskeletal system in racehorses often determines the cause of these injuries and generates data to develop injury prevention strategies. We describe the diagnostic approach to musculoskeletal injury, review the methodology for the examination of racehorse limbs, and provide anatomy and pathology tools to perform an organized and thorough postmortem examination of the musculoskeletal system in equine athletes.
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Krastev, Vladimir. "Role Of Kinesitherapy After Injuries Of The Musculoskeletal System In Athletes. Sports Injuries". Journal of Varna Medical College 3, n.º 1 (31 de dezembro de 2020): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14748/jmk.v3i1.7720.
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ÖZ, Fatma, Tuğçe AKKUŞ, Mahmut KESKİN e Hasan HALLAÇELİ. "Analysis of occupational accidents and musculoskeletal system problems of butchers in Hatay". Journal of Experimental and Clinical Medicine 38, n.º 3 (23 de abril de 2021): 345–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.52142/omujecm.38.3.27.
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Although musculoskeletal system injuries are frequently seen in the area of meat industry, studies on this topic are insufficient. The purpose of this study it to identify the occupational accidents and musculoskeletal problems of butcher shop workers in the city of Hatay. A survey consisting of 32 questions was given to 69 butchers who work in the city of Hatay with 38.20±1.32 in a face-to-face interview. Their social status, activities in the butcher shop, past injuries and activities after their injuries were questioned with the survey. It was determined that the butchers were most frequently injured in their hand and finger area (60.9%). It was determined that 40.6% of the butchers had an accident in the last 5 years; their injuries were mostly non-dominant hand injuries and infections were seen in 15.9% of the butchers after their injuries. It was found that the most frequent injuries took place during the hanging of carcasses; carelessness played an important role in getting injured; use of sharp tools led to injuries in 97.1% of the butchers and that 2.9% of the butchers were left with permanent handicaps after their injuries. It was determined that hand-finger injuries and back pain complaints were frequently seen in butcher shop workers and that they do not use any protective equipment to avoid injuries. Therefore, it was concluded that the necessary analyses need to be done on the butcher shop workers and that training should be provided for them on protective precautions and posture problems.
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Shayakhmetov, A. R., A. R. Shayakhmetova, R. F. Safin e Yu O. Novikov. "Medical rehabilitation of swimmers with occupational injuries of the musculoskeletal system". Russian Osteopathic Journal, n.º 3-4 (17 de janeiro de 2019): 128–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.32885/2220-0975-2018-3-4-128-134.
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This paper describes the most frequent cases of musculoskeletal system injuries in professional swimmers, based on the scientifi c journal articles analysis. The main causes of shoulder and knee joints injuries in athletes who use various swimming techniques are presented. It is shown that training the correct movement pattern allows to reliably prevent damage to the musculoskeletal system. The study conducted focuses on the further search for new methods for the rehabilitation of swimmers, including osteopathic correction, both independently and in combination with other types of exposure.
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Cadner, P., e E. R. Mattis. "Some principles of organizing orthopedic care in Germany". N.N. Priorov Journal of Traumatology and Orthopedics 2, n.º 1-2 (28 de dezembro de 1995): 79–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/vto99608.
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Orthopedic care in Germany provides for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of congenital and acquired functional disorders, diseases, injuries and consequences of injuries of the musculoskeletal system, as well as rehabilitation treatment (rehabilitation) of patients with pathology of the musculoskeletal system, i.e. in its content, orthopedics as a discipline in Germany corresponds to traumatology and orthopedics in Russia.
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Shekhar, Chander. "An Innovative Technique in Local Antibiotic Delivery Method in Open Infected Wounds of the Musculoskeletal System". International Journal of Lower Extremity Wounds 18, n.º 2 (8 de maio de 2019): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534734619841764.
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Bone and soft tissue infections are difficult problems in orthopedic surgery. Infections resulting in chronic osteomyelitis if established are difficult to eradicate. The delivery of local antibiotics for the treatment of open infected wounds of the musculo skeletal system is a more logical approach to treat these infections. Antibiotics given systemically are unable to achieve minimum inhibitory concentration in areas of infected wounds which are ischemic or relatively avascular. And also these antibiotics given over a prolonged period lead to significant toxicity and side effects and emergence of resistant bacteria. The author has been treating difficult cases of infected wounds sustained in road accidents, wounds (diabetic ulcers) in Diabetes Mellitus with necrotizing fasciitis and post operative infections with discharging sinuses with infected implants inside by his own innovative method of antibiotic delivery. The infected open wounds have been treated by application of Vitamin D3 granules impregnated with Tobramycin or Tobramycin and Vancomycin combined. All the patients responded successfully to this novel method of treatment which is extremely simple, effective, low cost, without any complications or side effects and has shown excellent results. Not only the Vitamin D3 granules act as a carrier of the antibiotic locally but also have properties of boosting immunity, and promote tissue healing. It also produces an antibiotic like substance Cathelicidin which kills bacteria and promotes growth of the bone and restores the bone mineral density.
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Greising, Sarah M., Benjamin T. Corona e Jarrod A. Call. "Musculoskeletal Regeneration, Rehabilitation, and Plasticity Following Traumatic Injury". International Journal of Sports Medicine 41, n.º 08 (2 de abril de 2020): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1128-7128.
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AbstractThe musculoskeletal system has an integral role throughout life, including structural support to the body, protection, and allowing a range of fine to complex movements for daily living to elite sporting events. At various times, injuries to the musculoskeletal system occur resulting in varying levels of impact to the person both acutely and chronically. Specifically, there is a spectrum of complexity in orthopedic injuries, with some such as common muscle strains, that while burdensome will have no impact on life-long functional ability, and others that can result in long lasting disability. Focusing on extremity injuries, this review highlights: i)the current impact of orthopedic injuries in sport and daily life; ii) the foundation of bone and skeletal muscle repair and regeneration; and iii) the disruptions in regenerative healing due to traumatic orthopedic injuries. This review seeks to maximize the broad and collective research impact on sport and traumatic orthopedic injuries in search of promoting ongoing innovation for treatment and rehabilitation approaches aimed to improve musculoskeletal health throughout life.
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Kusturov, Vladimir, Anna Kusturova e Irina Paladii. "Injuries of the musculoskeletal system in pregnant women (literature review)". Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Moldova. Medical Sciences 71, n.º 3 (janeiro de 2022): 107–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.52692/1857-0011.2021.3-71.39.
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We studied the influence of mechanogenesis, severity and the nature of trauma on the musculoskeletal system injuries in pregnant women. It was defined the main diagnostic measures, their consistency depending on the severity of the general condition of the traumatized pregnant woman. The evaluation of post-traumatic changes in the female body which negatively affect reproductive function should be performed. A complex of medical, social and other measures is required for the prophylaxis of injuries and post-traumatic complications during pregnancy.
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Robotti, Guido, Ferdinando Draghi, Chandra Bortolotto e Maria Grazia Canepa. "Ultrasound of sports injuries of the musculoskeletal system: gender differences". Journal of Ultrasound 23, n.º 3 (4 de março de 2020): 279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40477-020-00438-x.
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