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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Muscular dystrophic x-linked (mdx)"
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Nogami, Ken'ichiro, Yusuke Maruyama, Fusako Sakai-Takemura, Norio Motohashi, Ahmed Elhussieny, Michihiro Imamura, Satoshi Miyashita et al. "Pharmacological activation of SERCA ameliorates dystrophic phenotypes in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice". Human Molecular Genetics 30, n.º 11 (5 de abril de 2021): 1006–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hmg/ddab100.
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Abstract Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked genetic disorder characterized by progressive muscular weakness because of the loss of dystrophin. Extracellular Ca2+ flows into the cytoplasm through membrane tears in dystrophin-deficient myofibers, which leads to muscle contracture and necrosis. Sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA) takes up cytosolic Ca2+ into the sarcoplasmic reticulum, but its activity is decreased in dystrophic muscle. Here, we show that an allosteric SERCA activator, CDN1163, ameliorates dystrophic phenotypes in dystrophin-deficient mdx mice. The administration of CDN1163 prevented exercise-induced muscular damage and restored mitochondrial function. In addition, treatment with CDN1163 for 7 weeks enhanced muscular strength and reduced muscular degeneration and fibrosis in mdx mice. Our findings provide preclinical proof-of-concept evidence that pharmacological activation of SERCA could be a promising therapeutic strategy for DMD. Moreover, CDN1163 improved muscular strength surprisingly in wild-type mice, which may pave the new way for the treatment of muscular dysfunction.
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Carberry, Steven, Margit Zweyer, Dieter Swandulla e Kay Ohlendieck. "Profiling of Age-Related Changes in theTibialis AnteriorMuscle Proteome of the mdx Mouse Model of Dystrophinopathy". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2012 (2012): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/691641.
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X-linked muscular dystrophy is a highly progressive disease of childhood and characterized by primary genetic abnormalities in the dystrophin gene. Senescent mdx specimens were used for a large-scale survey of potential age-related alterations in the dystrophic phenotype, because the established mdx animal model of dystrophinopathy exhibits progressive deterioration of muscle tissue with age. Since the mdxtibialis anteriormuscle is a frequently used model system in muscular dystrophy research, we employed this particular muscle to determine global changes in the dystrophic skeletal muscle proteome. The comparison of mdx mice aged 8 weeks versus 22 months by mass-spectrometry-based proteomics revealed altered expression levels in 8 distinct protein species. Increased levels were shown for carbonic anhydrase, aldolase, and electron transferring flavoprotein, while the expressions of pyruvate kinase, myosin, tropomyosin, and the small heat shock protein Hsp27 were found to be reduced in aged muscle. Immunoblotting confirmed age-dependent changes in the density of key muscle proteins in mdx muscle. Thus, segmental necrosis in mdxtibialis anteriormuscle appears to trigger age-related protein perturbations due to dystrophin deficiency. The identification of novel indicators of progressive muscular dystrophy might be useful for the establishment of a muscle subtype-specific biomarker signature of dystrophinopathy.
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Cui, Chang-Hao, Taro Uyama, Kenji Miyado, Masanori Terai, Satoru Kyo, Tohru Kiyono e Akihiro Umezawa. "Menstrual Blood-derived Cells Confer Human Dystrophin Expression in the Murine Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy via Cell Fusion and Myogenic Transdifferentiation". Molecular Biology of the Cell 18, n.º 5 (maio de 2007): 1586–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e06-09-0872.
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common lethal genetic disorder in children, is an X-linked recessive muscle disease characterized by the absence of dystrophin at the sarcolemma of muscle fibers. We examined a putative endometrial progenitor obtained from endometrial tissue samples to determine whether these cells repair muscular degeneration in a murine mdx model of DMD. Implanted cells conferred human dystrophin in degenerated muscle of immunodeficient mdx mice. We then examined menstrual blood–derived cells to determine whether primarily cultured nontransformed cells also repair dystrophied muscle. In vivo transfer of menstrual blood–derived cells into dystrophic muscles of immunodeficient mdx mice restored sarcolemmal expression of dystrophin. Labeling of implanted cells with enhanced green fluorescent protein and differential staining of human and murine nuclei suggest that human dystrophin expression is due to cell fusion between host myocytes and implanted cells. In vitro analysis revealed that endometrial progenitor cells and menstrual blood–derived cells can efficiently transdifferentiate into myoblasts/myocytes, fuse to C2C12 murine myoblasts by in vitro coculturing, and start to express dystrophin after fusion. These results demonstrate that the endometrial progenitor cells and menstrual blood–derived cells can transfer dystrophin into dystrophied myocytes through cell fusion and transdifferentiation in vitro and in vivo.
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Pelosi, Laura, Laura Forcina, Carmine Nicoletti, Bianca Maria Scicchitano e Antonio Musarò. "Increased Circulating Levels of Interleukin-6 Induce Perturbation in Redox-Regulated Signaling Cascades in Muscle of Dystrophic Mice". Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1987218.
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked genetic disease in which dystrophin gene is mutated, resulting in dysfunctional or absent dystrophin protein. The pathology of dystrophic muscle includes degeneration, necrosis with inflammatory cell invasion, regeneration, and fibrous and fatty changes. Nevertheless, the mechanisms by which the absence of dystrophin leads to muscle degeneration remain to be fully elucidated. An imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant systems has been proposed as a secondary effect of DMD. However, the significance and precise extent of the perturbation in redox signaling cascades is poorly understood. We report that mdx dystrophic mice are able to activate a compensatory antioxidant response at the presymptomatic stage of the disease. In contrast, increased circulating levels of IL-6 perturb the redox signaling cascade, even prior to the necrotic stage, leading to severe features and progressive nature of muscular dystrophy.
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Lewis, Caroline, Harald Jockusch e Kay Ohlendieck. "Proteomic Profiling of the Dystrophin-Deficient MDX Heart Reveals Drastically Altered Levels of Key Metabolic and Contractile Proteins". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2010 (2010): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/648501.
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Although Duchenne muscular dystrophy is primarily classified as a neuromuscular disease, cardiac complications play an important role in the course of this X-linked inherited disorder. The pathobiochemical steps causing a progressive decline in the dystrophic heart are not well understood. We therefore carried out a fluorescence difference in-gel electrophoretic analysis of 9-month-old dystrophin-deficient versus age-matched normal heart, using the established MDX mouse model of muscular dystrophy-related cardiomyopathy. Out of 2,509 detectable protein spots, 79 2D-spots showed a drastic differential expression pattern, with the concentration of 3 proteins being increased, including nucleoside diphosphate kinase and lamin-A/C, and of 26 protein species being decreased, including ATP synthase, fatty acid binding-protein, isocitrate dehydrogenase, NADH dehydrogenase, porin, peroxiredoxin, adenylate kinase, tropomyosin, actin, and myosin light chains. Hence, the lack of cardiac dystrophin appears to trigger a generally perturbed protein expression pattern in the MDX heart, affecting especially energy metabolism and contractile proteins.
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Culligan, Kevin, Niamh Banville, Paul Dowling e Kay Ohlendieck. "Drastic reduction of calsequestrin-like proteins and impaired calcium binding in dystrophic mdx muscle". Journal of Applied Physiology 92, n.º 2 (1 de fevereiro de 2002): 435–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00903.2001.
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Although the reduction in dystrophin-associated glycoproteins is the primary pathophysiological consequence of the deficiency in dystrophin, little is known about the secondary abnormalities leading to x-linked muscular dystrophy. As abnormal Ca2+ handling may be involved in myonecrosis, we investigated the fate of key Ca2+ regulatory membrane proteins in dystrophic mdx skeletal muscle membranes. Whereas the expression of the ryanodine receptor, the dihydropyridine receptor, the Ca2+-ATPase, and calsequestrin was not affected, a drastic decline in calsequestrin-like proteins of 150–220 kDa was observed in dystrophic microsomes using one-dimensional immunoblotting, two-dimensional immunoblotting with isoelectric focusing, diagonal two-dimensional blotting technique, and immunoprecipitation. In analogy, overall Ca2+ binding was reduced in the sarcoplasmic reticulum of dystrophic muscle. The reduction in Ca2+ binding proteins might be directly involved in triggering impaired Ca2+ sequestration within the lumen of the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Thus disturbed sarcolemmal Ca2+ fluxes seem to influence overall Ca2+homeostasis, resulting in distinct changes in the expression profile of a subset of Ca2+ handling proteins, which might be an important factor in the progressive functional decline of dystrophic muscle fibers.
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Wells, Dominic J., Aurora Ferrer e Kim E. Wells. "Immunological hurdles in the path to gene therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy". Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine 4, n.º 23 (4 de novembro de 2002): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s146239940200515x.
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Patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), an X-linked lethal muscle-wasting disease, have abnormal expression of the protein dystrophin within their muscle fibres. In the mdx mouse model of this condition, both germline and neonatal somatic gene transfers of dystrophin cDNAs have demonstrated the potential of gene therapy in treating DMD. However, in many DMD patients, there appears to be no dystrophin expression when muscle biopsies are immunostained or western blots are performed. This raises the possibility that the expression of dystrophin following gene transfer might trigger a destructive immune response against this ‘neoantigen’. Immune responses can also be generated against the gene transfer vector used to transfect the dystrophic muscle, and the combined immune response could further damage the already inflamed muscle. These problems are now beginning to be investigated in immunocompetent mdx mice. Although much work remains to be done, there are promising indications that these immune responses might not prove as much of a concern as originally envisaged.
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Joseph, Josiane, Dong Cho e Jason Doles. "Metabolomic Analyses Reveal Extensive Progenitor Cell Deficiencies in a Mouse Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy". Metabolites 8, n.º 4 (3 de outubro de 2018): 61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/metabo8040061.
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a musculoskeletal disorder that causes severe morbidity and reduced lifespan. Individuals with DMD have an X-linked mutation that impairs their ability to produce functional dystrophin protein in muscle. No cure exists for this disease and the few therapies that are available do not dramatically delay disease progression. Thus, there is a need to better understand the mechanisms underlying DMD which may ultimately lead to improved treatment options. The muscular dystrophy (MDX) mouse model is frequently used to explore DMD disease traits. Though some studies of metabolism in dystrophic mice exist, few have characterized metabolic profiles of supporting cells in the diseased environment. Using nontargeted metabolomics we characterized metabolic alterations in muscle satellite cells (SCs) and serum of MDX mice. Additionally, live-cell imaging revealed MDX-derived adipose progenitor cell (APC) defects. Finally, metabolomic studies revealed a striking elevation of acylcarnitines in MDX APCs, which we show can inhibit APC proliferation. Together, these studies highlight widespread metabolic alterations in multiple progenitor cell types and serum from MDX mice and implicate dystrophy-associated metabolite imbalances in APCs as a potential contributor to adipose tissue disequilibrium in DMD.
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Schertzer, Jonathan D., Chris van der Poel, Thea Shavlakadze, Miranda D. Grounds e Gordon S. Lynch. "Muscle-specific overexpression of IGF-I improves E-C coupling in skeletal muscle fibers from dystrophic mdx mice". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 294, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2008): C161—C168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.00399.2007.
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Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a lethal X-linked disease caused by the absence of functional dystrophin. Abnormal excitation-contraction (E-C) coupling has been reported in dystrophic muscle fibers from mdx mice, and alterations in E-C coupling components may occur as a direct result of dystrophin deficiency. We hypothesized that muscle-specific overexpression of insulin-growth factor-1 (IGF-I) would reduce E-C coupling failure in mdx muscle. Mechanically skinned extensor digitorum longus muscle fibers from mdx mice displayed a faster decline in depolarization-induced force responses (DIFR); however, there were no differences in sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR)-mediated Ca2+ resequestration or in the properties of the contractile apparatus when compared with nondystrophic controls. The rate of DIFR decline was restored to control levels in fibers from transgenic mdx mice that overexpressed IGF-I in skeletal muscle ( mdx/IGF-I mice). Dystrophic muscles have a lower transcript level of a specific dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) isoform, and IGF-I-mediated changes in E-C coupling were associated with increased transcript levels of specific DHPR isoforms involved in Ca2+ regulation. Importantly, IGF-I overexpression also increased the sensitivity of the contractile apparatus to Ca2+. The results demonstrate that IGF-I can ameliorate fundamental aspects of E-C coupling failure in dystrophic muscle fibers and that these effects are important for the improvements in cellular function induced by this growth factor.
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Petrof, B. J., H. H. Stedman, J. B. Shrager, J. Eby, H. L. Sweeney e A. M. Kelly. "Adaptations in myosin heavy chain expression and contractile function in dystrophic mouse diaphragm". American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology 265, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 1993): C834—C841. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpcell.1993.265.3.c834.
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The X chromosome-linked muscular dystrophic (mdx) mouse lacks the subsarcolemmal protein dystrophin and thus represents a genetic homologue of human Duchenne muscular dystrophy. The present study examined alterations in diaphragm contractile properties and myosin heavy chain (MHC) expression in young (3-4 mo) and old (22-24 mo) control and mdx mice. In young mdx mice, maximum isometric tension (Po) was reduced to 50% of control values. An increase in fibers coexpressing types I (slow) and IIa MHC as well as regenerating fibers expressing embryonic MHC occurred, whereas IIx/b fibers were decreased. In the old mdx group, Po underwent a further reduction to 25% of control, and there was a slowing of twitch kinetics along with markedly increased diaphragm endurance. These changes were associated with an approximate sevenfold increase in type I MHC fibers and virtual elimination of the IIx/b fiber population; there was no detectable embryonic MHC expression. We conclude that the mdx diaphragm responds to progressive muscle degeneration with transition to a slower phenotype associated with reduced power output and augmented muscle endurance. In the setting of progressive muscle fiber destruction, these changes may help preserve contractile function and promote greater survival of remaining muscle fibers by decreasing cellular energy requirements.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Muscular dystrophic x-linked (mdx)"
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Laws, Nicola. "Characterisation and strategic treatment of dystrophic muscle". University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001457/.
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The mdx mouse is widely used as a model for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a fatal X-linked disease caused by a deficiency of the sub-sarcolemmal protein, dystrophin. This dissertation reports characterisation of the features of dystrophy in the mdx mouse, including parameters such as electrophysiological and contractile properties of dystrophic cardiac tissue, quantitative evaluation of kyphosis throughout the mdx lifespan, and contractile properties of respiratory and paraspinal muscles. Following these characterisation studies, the efficacy of antisense oligonucleotides (AOs) to induce alternative mRNA splicing in mdx skeletal muscles (diaphragm and paraspinal muscles) was evaluated. The left atria of younger (<6 weeks) and older (>15 months) mdx mice showed consistently lower basal forces and responsiveness to increased calcium, while action potential duration was significantly shorter in young mice (3 weeks) and older mice (9 and 12 months) (P<0.05). Cardiac fibrosis increased with age in mdx atria and ventricles and was elevated in young (6-8 weeks) and old (15 months) mdx compared to control mice (P<0.01). This study provided insights into DMD cardiomyopathy, and suggested that very young or old mdx mice provide the most useful models. Mdx mice show thoracolumbar kyphosis like boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. A novel radiographic index, the Kyphotic Index (KI), was developed and showed that mdx mice are significantly more kyphotic from 9 months of age, an effect maintained until 17 months (P<0.05). At 17 months, the paraspinal and respiratory muscles (latissimus dorsi, diaphragm and intercostal muscles) are significantly weaker and more fibrotic (P<0.05). Administration of AOs at four sites within the diaphragm at 4 and 5 months of age significantly increased twitch and tetanic forces compared to sham treated mdx (P<0.05). However, no difference in collagen was evident and dystrophin was not detected, possibly due to the low concentration of AO utilised. This study suggested that AOs can provide functional improvement in treated skeletal muscles. Monthly injections with AOs into the paraspinal muscles from 2 months to 18 months of age alleviated kyphosis, without significantly altering twitch and tetanic forces of latissimus dorsi, diaphragm and intercostal muscles. There was evidence of less fibrosis in diaphragm and latissimus dorsi muscles (P<0.05) and reduced central nucleation of the latissimus dorsi and intercostal muscles (P<0.05). Again, dystrophin was not detected by immunoblot. These studies indicate that very young and old mdx mice display previously uncharacterised dystrophic features, and are useful models for testing new therapies such as AOs. Low doses of AOs were shown to be safe and efficacious for long-term use, however there remains a need for testing higher concentrations and improved delivery strategies.
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van, Erp Christel. "Modifying function and fibrosis of cardiac and skeletal muscle from mdx mice". University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2005. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001521/.
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Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is a fatal condition occurring in approximately 1 in 3500 male births and is due to the lack of a protein called dystrophin. Initially DMD was considered a skeletal myopathy, but the pathology and consequences of cardiomyopathy are being increasingly recognised. Fibrosis, resulting from continual cycles of degeneration of the muscle tissues followed by inadequate regeneration of the muscles, is progressive in both cardiac and skeletal dystrophic muscle. In the heart fibrosis interferes with contractility and rhythm whereas it affects contractile function and causes contractures in skeletal muscles. This study utilised the mdx mouse which exhibits a pathological loss of muscle fibres and fibrosis characteristic of DMD, to examine a range of mechanisms that can influence muscle function and fibrosis. Ageing and workload both appear to contribute to the development of dystrophic features in cardiac and skeletal muscle of the mdx mouse. Therefore the effect of eccentric exercise on cardiac and skeletal muscle was examined in older mdx mice. Mice ran in 30 minute sessions for five months, 5 days per week. Downhill treadmill running did not exacerbate the contractile function or fibrosis of the mdx heart or the EDL, SOL or diaphragm muscles suggesting that cytokines influence function and fibrosis to a greater extent than workload alone. The role of the cytokine TGF-beta was examined by treating mdx mice with the TGF-beta antagonist pirfenidone at 0.4, 0.8 or 1.2 per cent in drinking water for six months. Pirfenidone improved cardiac contractility (P<0.01) and coronary flow (P<0.05), to levels comparable to control mice, despite no reduction in cardiac fibrosis. Pirfenidone did not reduce fibrosis or improve function in skeletal muscle. A deficiency of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) in DMD and mdx mice causes a lowered production of nitric oxide indicating that the substrate of nNOS, l-arginine, may be beneficial to cardiac and skeletal muscle function in mdx mice. Oral l-arginine (5 mg/g bw) improved cardiac contractility, coronary flow and reduced cardiac fibrosis (P<0.05) without improving skeletal muscle function or fibrosis. In contrast, 10 mg/g bw l-arginine improved cardiac function and coronary flow (P<0.01), despite also elevating cardiac collagen. This increment in collagen was prevented by co-administration of prednisone. The experiments described in this dissertation reveal for the first time that pharmacological treatments in mdx mice can improve cardiac structure and function. Further elucidation of the optimum time and doses of such treatments may result in future pharmacological treatments to improve cardiac function and fibrosis in DMD.
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Woolf, Peter James. "Cardiac calcium handling in the mouse model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy". University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2003. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001525/.
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The dystrophinopathies are a group of disorders characterised by cellular absence of the membrane stabilising protein, dystrophin. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is the most severe disorder clinically. The deficiency of dystrophin, in the muscular dystrophy X-linked (mdx) mouse causes an elevation in intracellular calcium in cardiac myocytes. Potential mechanisms contributing to increased calcium include enhanced influx, sarcoplasmic reticular calcium release and\or reduced sequestration or sarcolemmal efflux. This dissertation examined the potential mechanisms that may contribute to an intracellular calcium overload in a murine model of muscular dystrophy. The general cardiomyopathy of the mdx myocardium was evident, with the left atria from mdx consistently producing less force than control atria. This was associated with delayed relaxation. The role of the L-type calcium channels mediating influx was initially investigated. Dihydropyridines had a lower potency in contracting left atria corresponding to a redued dihydropyridine receptor affinity in radioligand binding studies of mdx ventricular homogenates (P<0.05). This was associated with increased ventricular dihydropyridine receptor protein and mRNA levels (P<0.05). The function of the sarcoplasmic reticulum in terms of release and also sequestration of calcium via the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase were investigated. A lower force of contraction was evident in mdx left atria in response to a range of stimulation frequencies (P<0.05) and concentrations of extracellular calcium (P<0.05). However, in the presence of 1 nM Ryanodine to block sarcoplasmic reticular calcium release, increased stimulation frequency caused similar forces to those obtained in control mice suggesting enhanced calcium influx via L-type calcium channels in mdx. Rapid cooling contractures showed a reduced contracture in mdx compared to control in response to cooling. This suggests some dysfunction in SR storage, which may be associated with the delayed relaxation time. Concentration-response curves to inhibitors of the sarco-endoplasmic reticulum showed no difference in function of the enzyme responsible for calcium uptake into the sarcoplasmic reticulum. Although sarco-endoplasmic reticulum ATPase mRNA was upregulated, no functional benefit was evident. This study indicates that a deficiency of dystrophin leads to upregulation of L-type calcium channels that contribute to increased calcium influx, with no functional change in sarcoplasmic reticular sequestration. Upregulation of the influx pathway is a potential mechanism for the calcium overload observed in mdx cardiac muscle.
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Nguyen, Frédérique. "Les lésions musculaires des modèles animaux de la dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne : évaluation comparée des lésions du modèle murin mdx (X-linked muscular dystrophy) par histopathologie et analyse de texture en IRM : étude de la vascularisation capillaire du muscle canin GRMD (Golden Retriever Muscular Dystrophy)". Rennes 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005REN1S140.
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La dystrophie musculaire de Duchenne (DMD) est une dystrophie musculaire fatale de l'enfant, due à l'absence de dystrophine, protéine du cytosquelette des myofibres. Dans le modèle murin mdx de la DMD, les lésions musculaires d'anisocytose, conversion oxydative des fibres, nécrose et régénération peuvent être quantifiées par analyse de texture en IRM, méthode non invasive proposée pour le suivi d'essais thérapeutiques entrepris dans ce modèle. Dans le modèle canin GRMD, la forme néonatale fulminante est un modèle des lésions précoces de dystrophinopathie, et la forme classique observée à partir de l'âge de deux mois un excellent modèle lésionnel de la DMD. Le réseau capillaire du muscle GRMD est quantitativement peu modifié par rapport aux témoins. La structure des capillaires est modifiée par duplication de la membrane basale qui, avec la fibrose endomysiale précoce, représente un obstacle physique à la diffusion d'un produit thérapeutique génique ou cellulaire.
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Apolinário, Letícia Montanholi 1988. "Ácido eicosapentanóico x deflazacorte : mecanismos de ação e comparação de efeitos no tratamento de camundongos mdx". [s.n.], 2012. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317761.
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Orientador: Maria Julia MarquesDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A Distrofia Muscular de Duchenne (DMD) é uma doença recessiva ligada ao cromossomo X. Os glicocorticoides são amplamente utilizados para o tratamento da DMD, entretanto os efeitos colaterais decorrente de seu uso contínuo motivam a busca por novas terapias farmacológicas. Ácidos graxos poli-insaturados têm sido empregados para o tratamento de várias doenças, exercendo seus efeitos através de mecanismos pouco conhecidos... O resumo, na íntegra, poderá ser visualizado no texto completo da tese digital
Abstract: Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy (DMD) is an X-linked recessive disease that leads to myonecrosis and cardiorespiratory failure. Glucocorticoids are so far the choice treatment for DMD. However their side effects due to continuous use motivate the search for new therapies¿ The complete Abstract is available with the full electronic document
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Anatomia
Mestra em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Muscular dystrophic x-linked (mdx)"
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Tanabe, Yuzo, Man Woo e Ikuya Nonaka. "X Chromosome-Linked Muscular Dystrophy (mdx) of the Skeletal Muscle, Mouse". In Cardiovascular and Musculoskeletal Systems, 149–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-76533-9_22.
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