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Mollison, Deborah. "Children's musical perception and creativity as a compositional model". Thesis, Middlesex University, 2001. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/13636/.
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The intention of this study was to understand more fully the process of creating musical composition. As a means to to this I created a compositional model, "Maya's Words", a conscious experiment which utilised the techniques I discovered and codified from children's compositions. By utilising rhe model as a working tool and the information extracted from the children's works I was able to draw together my own theories and observations concerning the process of musical composition and how it works. Within this study I have also examined my own process of musical composition and drawn, in a limited way, upon my work on the methodology behind the compositional procedures of composer Elisabeth Lutyens. The way in which the children used their own musical ideas in a flexible and original manner illustrated a mental state that seemed to be able to grasp thoughts from anywhere, without reference, for example, to tradition or style. This dexterity brought to my attention the notion that the children were using fragments of ideas/music/sound and integrating them into their own compositions. In the compositional model for this study I chose to compose in a way that utilised information from this study in many manifestations but it also had to be an organic growth as a means to be real and for me to have a true input into it a sa composer. It also had to incorporate many of the study elements into it otherwise it would not be a conscious experiment. The two forces here, for me haave worked in tandem as the flexibility of approach used by the children has allowed me to work in a flexible way in this compositional model and yet the uncomplicated way in which the children evaluated their own progressions has had a profound influence on me too and provided me with a method of self-evaluation which does not create self-inflicted damage to my own feelings about my composition. I hope in the same way that this study will allow composers a freedon of perspective that will open for them a new understanding of musical composition.
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Allick, Steven. "The common forms of contemporary videogames : a proposed content analysis model". Thesis, Teesside University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10149/254616.
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The aim of this thesis was to investigate trope usage in videogames, including the emergence of undiscovered ‘videogame’ tropes, and to create a new model for videogame categorisation using these tropes. This model serves to complement genre as a means of distilling videogame contents. The investigative work formed two parts, initially considering how videogames use existing rhetorical tropes such as metaphor as expressive and communicative devices and secondly to analyse videogames as a source of shared literary tropes. Each shared literary trope was validated as a common form of expression (referred to simply as 'common form'), where its presence was proven in a substantial sample of videogames. Common forms were gathered through a wide-ranging investigation of ten mainstream genres one at a time and in isolation to arrive at a pool of genre-specific common forms. The most closely related forms combined, with the help of relationship modelling techniques. A set of common forms capable of representing the contents of any videogame was reached. The result is a powerful hierarchical content model allowing a game to be described in terms of its common form usage profile. Common forms can effectively describe games which span several genres and differentiates between games which appear similar on the surface e.g. within the same genre hence aiding effective classification. Common Forms were proven to exist on a number of different hierarchies ranging from those specific to a particular game, to a game type (genre) and even to those which are universal and hence can be observed within any modern videogame. Finally, it was possible to see the very core or 'heart' of the functioning videogame, the never-ending competition between player resources such as energy, ammunition or shields, the 'player status' and the threats, challenges or obstacles the game's systems throw at the player, the 'game status'. The model does have considerable potential for application in educational settings such as college and university game development or appraisal classes and further development and testing would provide an effective tool for industry use.
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Sevegnani, Martina. "The role of Parkin R274W in genetic forms of Parkinson’s disease". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Trento, 2022. https://hdl.handle.net/11572/361162.
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Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of nigral dopaminergic (DA) neurons and the formation of Lewy bodies. Despite most cases being idiopathic, mutations in several genes have been implicated in familial forms of PD. In particular, recessive mutations in Parkin gene (PARK2) are the most common cause of young-onset inherited parkinsonism. Parkin is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved both in the control of mitochondrial turnover and in the proteasome-dependent degradation of proteins, two pathways that have been causally linked to PD development. Although initially described as a recessive disorder, experimental evidence suggests that heterozygous Parkin mutations can exert dominant toxic effects causing neurodegeneration. In 2012, Ruffmann and colleagues identified the first pure heterozygous R275W Parkin patient with clinical features of typical late-onset PD and a diffuse Lewy body pathology. To assess the impact of R275W Parkin, we generated the first mouse line carrying Parkin R274W mutation, which corresponds to the human R275W substitution. Unlike Parkin deficient mouse models, both homo- and heterozygous R274W mice show an age-related motor impairment, degeneration of dopaminergic neurons and neuroinflammation. We detected structural and functional mitochondrial abnormalities related to PARIS-PGC-1α axis impairment in R274W+/+ mice brain and skeletal muscle. Strikingly, we noticed signs of protein aggregation in both R274W+/- and +/+ mice, while we identified bona fide Lewy bodies only in the midbrain of heterozygous
mice. Additionally, in the brains of R274W mice we discovered overt abnormalities of the glymphatic system, the main route for brain waste clearance. Our preliminary observations suggest that Parkin influences aquaporin-4 (AQP4) localization. Altogether, our data suggest that R274W Parkin substitution behaves both as a loss ofand a gain of toxic function, highlighting a link between Parkin dominant toxicity and age-dependent motor impairment, neuroinflammation, DA neurons loss, glymphatic system dysfunctions and α-synuclein aggregation in vivo. Hence, our study provides a new robust mouse model to explore PD pathogenesis and glymphatic dysfunctions, offering the possibility to test novel therapeutic strategies with great predictivity.
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Kamshad, Kimya Moghadam. "The dynamics of firm growth and failure under alternative forms of ownership". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1993. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1249/.
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This thesis extends the literature on the dynamics of firm growth and failure by testing the robustness of past findings for capitalist firms to alternative ownership structures. While the theoretical results are altered by the internal organisation of the firm, the empirical findings are unchanged. This suggests that the theoretical models place excessive emphasis on the organisational structure and inadequate emphasis on more basic and fundamental factors affecting firm growth. The thesis applies the learning models of growth to the case of the Illyrian labour managed firm, where members maximise profits per worker. The critical efficiency-size relationship is indeterminate under labour management. Thus, the majority of the clear cut empirical predictions of the model for profit maximisation no longer hold. Three possible explanations for the breakdown of the results are examined. One explanation is that the Illyrian model is overly simplistic and does not accurately reflect the actual behaviour of cooperatives. This is rejected using an institutional structure model of the French producer cooperative which yields predictions which are remarkably similar to those of the Illyrian model. The second explanation considered is that the growth and survival of cooperatives in fact substantially differs from capitalist firms. This explanation is rejected in the empirical section which tests the actual growth and survival relationships using a dataset of French producer cooperatives. The estimated survival-size relation is convexly positive and the growth-size relation convexly negative, exactly as they have been found previously for conventional firms. The final remaining explanation is that the theoretical models are structured so as to overemphasize the internal structure of the firm to the neglect of more generic factors affecting growth and survival. This is accepted in a final section which proposes new directions for theoretical research on the growth and survival of all firms.
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Scotti, Simone. "Applications of the error theory using Dirichlet forms". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00349241.
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This thesis is devoted to the study of the applications of the error theory using Dirichlet forms. Our work is split into three parts. The first one deals with the models described by stochastic differential equations. After a short technical chapter, an innovative model for order books is proposed. We assume that the bid-ask spread is not an imperfection, but an intrinsic property of exchange markets instead. The uncertainty is carried by the Brownian motion guiding the asset. We find that spread evolutions can be evaluated using closed formulae and we estimate the impact of the underlying uncertainty on the related contingent claims. Afterwards, we deal with the PBS model, a new model to price European options. The seminal idea is to distinguish the market volatility with respect to the parameter used by traders for hedging. We assume the former constant, while the latter volatility being an erroneous subjective estimation of the former. We prove that this model anticipates a bid-ask spread and a smiled implied volatility curve. Major properties of this model are the existence of closed formulae for prices, the impact of the underlying drift and an efficient calibration strategy. The second part deals with the models described by partial differential equations. Linear and non-linear PDEs are examined separately. In the first case, we show some interesting relations between the error and wavelets theories. When non-linear PDEs are concerned, we study the sensitivity of the solution using error theory. Except when exact solution exists, two possible approaches are detailed: first, we analyze the sensitivity obtained by taking "derivatives" of the discrete governing equations. Then, we study the PDEs solved by the sensitivity of the theoretical solutions. In both cases, we show that sharp and bias solve linear PDE depending on the solution of the former PDE itself and we suggest algorithms to evaluate numerically the sensitivities. Finally, the third part is devoted to stochastic partial differential equations. Our analysis is split into two chapters. First, we study the transmission of an uncertainty, present on starting conditions, on the solution of SPDE. Then, we analyze the impact of a perturbation of the functional terms of SPDE and the coefficient of the related Green function. In both cases, we show that the sharp and bias verify linear SPDE depending on the solution of the former SPDE itself
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Munir, Arshed. "Manoeuvring target tracking using different forms of the interacting multiple model algorithm". Thesis, University of Sussex, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.240430.
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Xie, Qihao Balakrishnan N. "Exact inference for exponential step-stress model under different forms of censoring". *McMaster only, 2006.
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Million, Margaret Mary. "Changing forms of parish renewal : toward a restructuring of the parochial model, 1950-1999". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0017/NQ44666.pdf.
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Лукаш, Ольга Анатоліївна, Ольга Анатольевна Лукаш e Olha Anatoliivna Lukash. "Improving of institutional and ecological cooperation with eu: forms investigation and gravity model implementation". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26643.
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El, Akkraoui Amal. "The primal and dual forms of variational data assimilation in the presence of model error". Thesis, McGill University, 2010. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:8881/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=92317.
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Enoksson, Fredrik. "Flexible Authoring of Metadata for Learning : Assembling forms from a declarative data and view model". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och grafisk produktion, Media, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-32818.
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With the vast amount of information in various formats that is produced today it becomes necessary for consumers ofthis information to be able to judge if it is relevant for them. One way to enable that is to provide information abouteach piece of information, i.e. provide metadata. When metadata is to be edited by a human being, a metadata editorneeds to be provided. This thesis describes the design and practical use of a configuration mechanism for metadataeditors called annotation profiles, that is intended to enable a flexible metadata editing environment. An annotationprofile is an instance of an Annotation Profile Model (APM), which is an information model that can gatherinformation from many sources. This model has been developed by the author together with colleagues at the RoyalInstitute of Technology and Uppsala University in Sweden. It is designed so that an annotation profile can holdenough information for an application to generate a customized metadata editor from it. The APM works withmetadata expressed in a format called RDF (Resource Description Framwork), which forms the technical basis for theSemantic Web. It also works with metadata that is expressed using a model similar to RDF. The RDF model providesa simple way of combining metadata standards and this makes it possible for the resulting metadata editor to combinedifferent metadata standards into one metadata description. Resources that are meant to be used in a learning situationcan be of various media types (audio- or video-files, documents, etc.), which gives rise to a situation where differentmetadata standards have to be used in combination. Such a resource would typically contain educational metadatafrom one standard, but for each media type a different metadata standard might be used for the technical description.To combine all the metadata into a single metadata record is desirable and made possible when using RDF. The focusin this thesis is on metadata for resources that can be used in such learning contexts.One of the major advantages of using annotation profiles is that they enable change of metadata editor without havingto modify the code of an application. In contrast, the annotation profile is updated to fit the required changes. In thisway, the programmer of an application can avoid the responsibility of deciding which metadata that can be edited aswell as the structure of it. Instead, such decisions can be left to the metadata specialist that creates the annotationprofiles to be used.The Annotation Profile Model can be divided into two models, the Graph Pattern Model that holds information onwhat parts of the metadata that can be edited, and the Form Template Model that provides information about how thedifferent parts of the metadata editor should be structured. An instance of the Graph Pattern Model is called a graphpattern, and it defines which parts of the metadata that the annotation profile will be editable. The author hasdeveloped an approach to how this information can be used when the RDF metadata to edit is stored on a remotesystem, e.g. a system that can only be accessed over a network. In such cases the graph pattern cannot be useddirectly, even though it defines the structures that can be affected in the editing process. The method developeddescribes how the specific parts of metadata are extracted for editing and updating when the metadata author hasfinished editing.A situation where annotation profiles have proven valuable is presented in chapter 6. Here the author have taken partin developing a portfolio system for learning resources in the area of blood diseases, hematology. A set of annotationprofiles was developed in order to adapt the portfolio system for this particular community. The annotation profilesmade use of an existing curriculum for hematology that provides a competence profile of this field. The annotationprofile makes use this curriculum in two ways:1. As a part of the personal profile for each user, i.e. metadata about a person. Through the editor, created from anannotation profile, the user can express his/her skill/knowledge/competence in the field of hematology.2. The metadata can associate a learning resource can with certain parts of the competence description, thusexpressing that the learning resource deals with a specific part of the competence profile. This provides a mechanismfor matching learning need with available learning resources.As the field of hematology is evolving, the competence profile will need to be updated. Because of the use ofannotation profiles, the metadata editors in question can be updated simply by changing the corresponding annotationprofiles. This is an example of the benefits of annotation profiles within an installed application. Annotation Profilescan also be used for applications that aim to support different metadata expressions, since the set of metadata editorscan be easily changed.The system of portfolios mentioned above provides this flexibility in metadata expression, and it has successfullybeen configured to work with resources from other domain areas, notably organic farming, by using another set ofannotation profiles. Hence, to use annotation profiles has proven useful in these settings due to the flexibility that theAnnotation Profile Model enables. Plans for the future include developing an editor for annotation profiles in order toprovide a simple way to create such profiles.QC 20110426
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Callisesi, Giulia. "Simplified worldline path integrals for p-forms and type-A trace anomalies". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2018. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/17060/.
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In this work we study a simplified version of the path integral for a particle on a sphere, and more generally on maximally symmetric spaces, in the case of N=2 supersymmetries on the worldline.
This quantum mechanics is generically that of a nonlinear sigma model in one dimension with two supersymmetries (N=2 supersymmetric quantum mechanics), and it is mostly used for describing spin 1 fields and p-forms in first quantisation. Here, we conjecture a simplified path integral defined in terms of a linear sigma model, rather than a nonlinear one. The use of a quadratic kinetic term in the bosonic part of the particle action should
be allowed by the use of Riemann normal coordinates, while a scalar effective potential is expected to reproduce the effects of the curvature. Such simplifications have already been proven to be possible for the cases of N=0 and N=1 supersymmetric quantum mechanics. As a particular application, we employ our construction to give a simplified worldline representation of the one-loop effective action of gauge p-forms on maximally symmetric spaces. We use it to compute the first three Seeley-DeWitt coefficients, denoted by a_(p+1)(d;p), namely a_1(2;0), a_2(4;1) and a_3(6;2), that appear in the calculation of the type-A trace anomalies of conformally invariant p-form gauge potentials in d=2p+2 dimensions. The simplified model describes correctly the first two coefficients, while it seems to fail to reproduce the third one. One possible reason could be that the model is based on a conjecture about the effective potential that has been oversimplified in our analysis. Future work could improve our construction, in order to give a correct description to all orders, or alternatively disprove the possibility of having such a simplification in the full N=2 quantum mechanics.
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Shibata, Saori. "From a 'consensus' to a 'disorganized' model of Japanese capitalism : the emergence of new forms of labour activism". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2015. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/5508/.
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The coordination between the socio-economic institutions which constituted the post-war model of Japanese capitalism has been continuously undermined from the 1990s onward. This include the move by firms to focus on their own individual goals and by the state to support individualistic behaviour by introducing deregulation and liberalization and by enabling firms to compete freely in the market. There is a lack of coordination between the government and unions, and between corporations and unions. The coordinated model of Japanese capitalism has therefore transformed into a more disorganized model. Event data analysis adopted in this study demonstrates that this transformation was also accompanied by heightening social tension and class antagonism, which were expressed through increasingly non-institutionalized acts of contestations and by newly emerging agents such as community unions, NPOs and non-regular workers. Adopting a class-conflict version of Regulation Theory, this thesis argues that the disorganized model of Japanese capitalism is characterised by a contradictory accumulation regime which consists of low economic growth and corporate profit, led by increasing level of public and household debt, declining wage shares and declining union density, and accompanied by the emergence of new forms of labour activism.
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Ebner, Hannes. "Supporting loose forms of collaboration : Using Linked Data to realize an architecture for collective knowledge construction". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-144311.
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This thesis is driven by the motivation to explore a way of working collaboratively that closely reflects the World Wide Web (WWW), more specifically the potential of the Web architecture built on Semantic Web technologies and Linked Data. The goal is to describe a generic approach and architecture that satisfies the needs for loose collaboration and collective knowledge construction as exemplified by the applications described in this thesis. This thesis focuses on a contribution-centric architecture which allows for flexible applications that support loose forms of collaboration. The first research question deals with how Web-based collective knowledge construction can be supported. The second research question explores the characteristics of collective knowledge construction with respect to the Open World Assumption (OWA). The OWA implies that complete knowledge about a subject cannot be assumed at any time, which is one of the most fundamental properties of the WWW. The third research question investigates how Semantic Web technologies be used in order to support such a contribution-centric architecture. The thesis and its underlying publications are of a technical character and are always grounded in theoretical models and considerations that have led to functional implementations. The research has evolved in iterative development processes and was explicitly directed at building applications that can be used in collaborative settings and that are based on standardized Web technologies. One of the main outcomes, an information model, was developed together with such an application and provides a number of novel approaches in the context in which it was designed. The validity of the presented research is supported by evaluations from different perspectives: a list of implemented applications and showcases, results from structured interviews that have investigated the suitability for various resource annotation processes, as well as scalability aspects. The thesis concludes that it is ultimately up to the application how "loose" the collaboration should be and to which extent the OWA is incorporated. The presented architecture provides a toolkit to support the development of loosely collaborative applications. The showcased applications allow the construction of collaborative conceptual models and to collaboratively annotate educational resources. They show the potential of the used technology stack and the introduced contribution-centric architecture that sits on top if it.QC 20140417
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Gaitskell, Robert. "The IMECHE/IEE model forms of contract : an investigation into the history and development of the forms, with particular reference to the allocation of contractual risk, including a survey of the industry's perception". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313019.
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Benmakhlouf, Moussab. "Varför deltar vissa mer än andra? En resursfråga? : En fallstudie över Botkyrka Kommun". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Statsvetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-36436.
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The purpose of this paper is to study if there is a causal relationship between socioeconomic resources and political participation. Are socioeconomic resources important for political participation? Are forms of participation important for the outcome of the political participation? These are some questions this study intends to answer. To answer these questions this study has studied the case of the municipality of Botkyrka in Sweden and therefore the case study method was used. The material was analyzed on the basis of the resource model by Sidney Verba and Nie and Robert Dahl's five criteria for democracy. The results of this study showed that in the case “Botkyrka” the socioeconomic resources largely determine how much politically involved you are. The “districts” with fewer resources were generally much less political active than those districts that had better resources. However, the study also shows that in the forms of participation that was less resource intensive, there was also less difference in the outcome of the political participation between the districts in the municipality of Botkyrka compared to the forms that required more resources. This shows that the choice of “forms of participation” is important in terms of achieving an increased political participation among those with less resources.
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Heimberg, Lucas. "Complexity of Normal Forms on Structures of Bounded Degree". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/19205.
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Normalformen drücken semantische Eigenschaften einer Logik durch syntaktische Restriktionen aus. Sie ermöglichen es Algorithmen, Grenzen der Ausdrucksstärke einer Logik auszunutzen. Ein Beispiel ist die Lokalität der Logik erster Stufe (FO), die impliziert, dass Graph-Eigenschaften wie Erreichbarkeit oder Zusammenhang nicht FO-definierbar sind. Gaifman-Normalformen drücken die Bedeutung einer FO-Formel als Boolesche Kombination lokaler Eigenschaften aus. Sie haben eine wichtige Rolle in Model-Checking Algorithmen für Klassen dünn besetzter Graphen, deren Laufzeit durch die Größe der auszuwertenden Formel parametrisiert ist. Es ist jedoch bekannt, dass Gaifman-Normalformen im Allgemeinen nur mit nicht-elementarem Aufwand konstruiert werden können. Dies führt zu einer enormen Parameterabhängigkeit der genannten Algorithmen. Ähnliche nicht-elementare untere Schranken sind auch für Feferman-Vaught-Zerlegungen und für die Erhaltungssätze von Lyndon, Łoś und Tarski bekannt.
Diese Arbeit untersucht die Komplexität der genannten Normalformen auf Klassen von Strukturen beschränkten Grades, für welche die nicht-elementaren unteren Schranken nicht gelten. Für diese Einschränkung werden Algorithmen mit elementarer Laufzeit für die Konstruktion von Gaifman-Normalformen, Feferman-Vaught-Zerlegungen, und für die Erhaltungssätze von Lyndon, Łoś und Tarski entwickelt, die in den ersten beiden Fällen worst-case optimal sind.
Wichtig hierfür sind Hanf-Normalformen. Es wird gezeigt, dass eine Erweiterung von FO durch unäre Zählquantoren genau dann Hanf-Normalformen erlaubt, wenn alle Zählquantoren ultimativ periodisch sind, und wie Hanf-Normalformen in diesen Fällen in elementarer und worst-case optimaler Zeit konstruiert werden können.
Dies führt zu Model-Checking Algorithmen für solche Erweiterungen von FO sowie zu Verallgemeinerungen der Algorithmen für Feferman-Vaught-Zerlegungen und die Erhaltungssätze von Lyndon, Łoś und Tarski.Normal forms express semantic properties of logics by means of syntactical restrictions. They allow algorithms to benefit from restrictions of the expressive power of a logic. An example is the locality of first-order logic (FO), which implies that properties like reachability or connectivity cannot be defined in FO. Gaifman's local normal form expresses the satisfaction conditions of an FO-formula by a Boolean combination of local statements. Gaifman normal form serves as a first step in fixed-parameter model-checking algorithms, parameterised by the size of the formula, on sparse graph classes. However, it is known that in general, there are non-elementary lower bounds for the costs involved in transforming a formula into Gaifman normal form. This leads to an enormous parameter-dependency of the aforementioned algorithms. Similar non-elementary lower bounds also hold for Feferman-Vaught decompositions and for the preservation theorems by Lyndon, Łoś, and Tarski. This thesis investigates the complexity of these normal forms when restricting attention to classes of structures of bounded degree, for which the non-elementary lower bounds are known to fail. Under this restriction, the thesis provides algorithms with elementary and even worst-case optimal running time for the construction of Gaifman normal form and Feferman-Vaught decompositions. For the preservation theorems, algorithmic versions with elementary running time and non-matching lower bounds are provided. Crucial for these results is the notion of Hanf normal form. It is shown that an extension of FO by unary counting quantifiers allows Hanf normal forms if, and only if, all quantifiers are ultimately periodic, and furthermore, how Hanf normal form can be computed in elementary and worst-case optimal time in these cases. This leads to model-checking algorithms for such extensions of FO and also allows generalisations of the constructions for Feferman-Vaught decompositions and preservation theorems.
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Muhaisen, Ahmed Salama. "Prediction of the solar performance of courtyard buildings with different forms and in various climatic regions using a new computer model". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416278.
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Dario, Paul. "Homogénéisation quantitative de milieux aléatoires : environnements dégénérés et modèle d’interface". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PSLED012.
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Cette thèse est consacrée à l’homogénéisation stochastique, qui cherche à étudier le comportement d’équations aux dérivées partielles présentant des coefficients aléatoires oscillant rapidement. Elle est divisée en trois parties. La première partie correspond aux Chapitres 2 et 3 et cherche à étendre la théorie de l’homogénéisation stochastique quantitative, développée sous une hypothèse d’uniforme ellipticité, au contexte dégénéré de la percolation de Bernoulli sur-critique. Nous obtenons dans le Chapitre 2, un théorème d’homogénéisation quantitative ainsi qu’une théorie de la régularité à grande échelle pour les fonctions harmoniques sur l’amas infini. Dans le Chapitre 3, nous obtenons des estimées spatiales optimales en toute dimension pour le correcteur sur l’amas infini. Dans le Chapitre 4, nous étudions un autre type d’environnement dégénéré impliquant des formes différentielles et démontrons, dans ce contexte, un théorème d’homogénéisation quantitative. Dans le Chapitre 5, nous appliquons les idées de l’homogénéisation stochastique à un modèle issu de la physique statistique : le modèle de Ginzburg-Landau discret. Nous revisitons le début de la théorie de l’homogénéisation et la combinons avec des arguments de la théorie du transport optimal afin de démontrer un théorème de convergence quantitative pour la tension de surface du modèleThis thesis is devoted to the study of stochastic homogenization, which aims at studying the behavior of partial differentialequations with highly heterogeneous, but statistically homogeneous, random coefficients. It is divided into three parts.The first part corresponds to Chapters 2 and 3 and tries to extend the theory of quantitative stochastic homogenization,developed under an assumption of uniform ellipticity, to the degenerate setting of supercritical Bernoulli bond percolation.In Chapter 2, we prove a quantitative homogenization theorem as well as a large scale regularity theory and Liouvilleresults for harmonic functions on the infinite cluster. In Chapter 3, we obtain optimal spatial estimates in all dimension forthe corrector on the infinite cluster.In Chapter 4, we study another type of degenerate environment involving differential forms and prove, in this setting, aquantitative homogenization theorem.In Chapter 5, we apply ideas from homogenization to a model of statistical physics: the discrete Ginzburg-Landau model.In this chapter, we revisit the beginning of the theory of stochastic homogenization and combine it with arguments fromthe theory of optimal transport to derive a quantitative rate of convergence for the finite-volume surface tension of themodel
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Šileikytė, Agnė, e Rasa Stakauskytė. "Lanksčios darbo organizavimo formos: situacija ir kryptingumas". Bachelor's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2010. http://vddb.laba.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2010~D_20100902_225728-80997.
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Bakalauro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjamos lanksčios darbo organizavimo formos bei jų taikymo galimybės. Tema analizuojama dviem aspektais: teoriniu ir praktiniu. Teorinėje dalyje aptarti pokyčiai darbo rinkoje, lanksčių darbo formų įvairovė, pateikti argumentai „už“ ir „prieš“ nestandartinių formų taikymą bei atlikta situacijos Lietuvoje analizė užimtumo aspektu. Praktinėje dalyje pateikiami trijų tikslinių grupių – dirbančių, nedirbančių bei studentų, tyrimo rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad nedirbantys asmenys sutiktų dirbti pagal lanksčias darbo organizavimo formas, o dirbantys nėra linkę keisti esamo darbo modelio. Studentai studijų metu pageidauja dirbti 4 valandas per dieną 5 dienas per savaitę.Undergraduate thesis examined flexible forms of work organization and their application possibilities. Topic is analyzed in two aspects: theoretical and practical. In the theoretical part there are discussed changes in the labour market, flexible forms of employment diversity, the arguments for and against non-standard forms practise, and situation analysis of Lithuania. In the practical part there are proposed the examination results of three target groups - employed, unemployed and students. It was found that the unemployed are linked to accept work under flexible forms, and employed workers are reluctant to change the current working model. Analysed that students want to work 4 hours per day 5 days per week during the studies.
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Мартинов, О. С. "Моделювання ефектів другого порядку за допомогою гнучких функціональних форм". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10117.
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Як відомо, моделі, добре вивчені в економетриці, такі, як лінійна,
Кобба-Дугласа (лінійно-логарифмічна), Канторовича (аналізу способів
виробничої діяльності), Леонтьєва (витрат-випуску), при аналізі
економічних процесів не дають можливості оцінювати ефекти другого
порядку, такі, як еластичність заміщення, закон Госсена теорії
споживання і закон Тюнена теорії виробництва. Наприклад,
еластичність заміщення, яка в цих формах дорівнює постійній
величині, на практиці виявляється змінною величиною. Іноді саме це
веде до зменшення адекватності моделі.
Тому в даній роботі розглянуто гнучкі функціональні форми, або
форми зі змінною еластичністю заміщення, що враховують ефекти не
тільки першого, але й другого порядків.
При цитуванні документа, використовуйте посилання http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/10117Керівник: Назаренко О.М.
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Kim, Leejin. "Analysis and Construction of Engaging Facial Forms and Expressions: Interdisciplinary Approaches from Art, Anatomy, Engineering, Cultural Studies, and Psychology". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/567.
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The topic of this dissertation is the anatomical, psychological, and cultural examination of a human face in order to effectively construct an anatomy-driven 3D virtual face customization and action model. In order to gain a broad perspective of all aspects of a face, theories and methodology from the fields of art, engineering, anatomy, psychology, and cultural studies have been analyzed and implemented. The computer generated facial customization and action model were designed based on the collected data. Using this customization system, culturally-specific attractive face in Korean popular culture, “kot-mi-nam (flower-like beautiful guy),” was modeled and analyzed as a case study. The “kot-mi-nam” phenomenon is overviewed in textual, visual, and contextual aspects, which reveals the gender- and sexuality-fluidity of its masculinity. The analysis and the actual development of the model organically co-construct each other requiring an interwoven process. Chapter 1 introduces anatomical studies of a human face, psychological theories of face recognition and an attractive face, and state-of-the-art face construction projects in the various fields. Chapter 2 and 3 present the Bezier curve-based 3D facial customization (BCFC) and Multi-layered Facial Action Model (MFAF) based on the analysis of human anatomy, to achieve a cost-effective yet realistic quality of facial animation without using 3D scanned data. In the experiments, results for the facial customization for gender, race, fat, and age showed that BCFC achieved enhanced performance of 25.20% compared to existing program Facegen , and 44.12% compared to Facial Studio. The experimental results also proved the realistic quality and effectiveness of MFAM compared with blend shape technique by enhancing 2.87% and 0.03% of facial area for happiness and anger expressions per second, respectively. In Chapter 4, according to the analysis based on BCFC, the 3D face of an average kot-mi-nam is close to gender neutral (male: 50.38%, female: 49.62%), and Caucasian (66.42-66.40%). Culturally-specific images can be misinterpreted in different cultures, due to their different languages, histories, and contexts. This research demonstrates that facial images can be affected by the cultural tastes of the makers and can also be interpreted differently by viewers in different cultures.
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Heinrichs, Katrin [Verfasser]. "Positive Trend Inflation in the New Keynesian Model : an analysis considering different forms of state-dependent price-setting frequency and different versions of the Taylor rule / Katrin Heinrichs". Hagen : Fernuniversität Hagen, 2014. http://d-nb.info/1063672031/34.
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Урсуленко, Г. В. "Застосування моделі KMV при оцінці кредитного ризику". Thesis, Українська академія банківської справи Національного банку України, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/62158.
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Перевагами моделі KMV є: казуальний характер моделі; викорис-
тання ринкової інформації про ціни; можливість здійснення прогнозу.
До недоліків даної моделі можна віднести такі: наявність багатьох тео-
ретичних припущень, які на практиці не підтверджуються; складність у
застосуванні до деривативів; суперечливість результатів щодо ринків,
які розвиваються.
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Kohout, Pavel. "Plánování a analýza nákladů na podnikovou informatiku". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72532.
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This thesis is focused on ICT costs monitoring and controlling among enterprises, whose purpose is to maximize their market value and to achieve a profit by selling products or offering services and simultaneously these enterprises neither do operate in ICT industry nor banking and similar industries. Purpose of this thesis is to help responsible users with better understanding of causes where and why enterprise ICT cost origin. For this purpose there is formed a pattern for ICT costs monitoring and controlling. This pattern comes into use in enterprises in cases when it is necessary to discover true costs of ICT. The pattern is further convenient for costs controlling and budgeting and it could serve as a basis for ICT cost-effectiveness evaluation. Additional asset of this thesis would be an introduction of cost allocation methods, a software costs categorization in view of an acquiring form, and a description of appropriate budgeting methods.
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Howard, Eric John. "Bring the form back to planning: Using urban form characteristics to improve the predictability of transportation mode choice models". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/32014.
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The financial and environmental effects of traffic congestion and automobile-centric air pollution
continue to be problems that must be addressed within the United States. In response, travel
demand management (TDM) has emerged as a potential way to reduce automobile-based travel
in order to minimize these effects. TDM strategies are highly dependent on specific urban form
characteristics such as bicycle lanes, sidewalks, or transit facilities. A current gap exists in the
analytical tools available to transportation planners when evaluating TDM projects. The standard
transportation models do not take into account urban form characteristics in a systematic way.
These characteristics play an import role in an individualâ s selection of walking, bicycling, or
transit based travel modes. This gap needs to be filled in order to evaluate TDM projects with
the same decision-making rigor that is applied to road expansion projects.
The purpose of this project is to develop an enhanced transportation mode choice model that
presents a systematic approach for incorporating urban form characteristics. This approach
determines which elements of urban form have the strongest influence on transportation mode
choice behavior. This work is being done in conjunction with the Roanoke Valley Allegany
Metropolitan Planning Organization as a way to evaluate the potential of TDM projects in
promoting non-automobile forms of travel within the Roanoke region. This approach to
developing an enhanced transportation mode choice model is a step forward in address the gap
between TDM strategies and the tools needed to evaluate them.Master of Urban and Regional Planning
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Shen, Yichang. "Reduced-order models for geometrically nonlinear vibrations of thin structures". Thesis, Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021IPPAE012.
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Lorsqu'elles vibrent avec de grandes amplitudes, les structures minces montrent un comportement non linéaire géométrique, provenant de la relation non linéaire entre les déformations et les déplacements. Les analyses des systèmes complets font appel à des calculs extrêmement couteux de telle sorte que l'établissement de modèles d'ordre réduit efficaces est un sujet d'intérêt majeur pour le calcul prédictif de vibrations de structures minces.Dans cette thèse, des méthodes non linéaires de réduction de modèle pour les structures discrétisées par la méthode des éléments finis et comportant une non-linéarité géométrique, sont étudiées. Trois méthodes non intrusives sont plus particulièrement examinées et systématiquement comparées: la méthode de condensation implicite, la méthode des dérivées modales, et la réduction sur variétés invariantes du système. Les analyses théoriques montrent que les deux premières méthodes ne peuvent donner de résultats fiables que sous hypothèse d'une séparation spectrale entre les fréquences propres des modes maitres et celles des modes esclaves. La méthode de réduction sur variétés invariantes permet quant à elle d'avoir une méthode directe, ne nécessitant pas de pré-calculs, ni d'hypothèses préalables sur les fréquences propres des modes esclaves, afin de fournir des résultats corrects.De nombreuses applications et de comparaisons numériques sont montrées sur diverses structures discrétisées avec la méthode des éléments finis. Pour appliquer la méthode des variétés invariantes, une méthode récemment développée, permet de proposer un calcul direct de la forme normale du problème, à partir de la base physique et donc des degrés de liberté du maillage éléments finis. Les exemples montrent clairement les avantage et inconvénients de chaque méthode, validant aussi les résultats théoriques montrés précédemment.Dans la dernière partie de la thèse, la dynamique non linéaire d'un système présentant une relation de résonance interne 1:2 est analysée, en tenant compte des termes cubiques. La forme normale réelle du problème est d'abord établie. Ensuite les branches de solution du problème sont analysées et comparées avec celles du modèle plus simple négligeant la non-linéarité cubique. Le comportement divergent observé lorsqu'on réduit le problème à un seul mode et que l'on cherche à prédire le comportement raidissant ou assouplissant, est ensuite étudié avec ce modèle plus completWhen vibrating with large amplitudes, thin structures experience geometric nonlinearity due to the nonlinear relationship between strains and displacements. Because full-order nonlinear analysis on geometrically nonlinear models are computationally very expensive, the derivation of efficient reduced-order models (ROMs) has always been a topic of interest.In this thesis, nonlinear reduction methods for building ROMs with geometric nonlinearity in the framework of the Finite Element (FE) procedure, are investigated. Three non-intrusive nonlinear reduction methods are specifically investigated and systematically compared. They are: implicit condensation and expansion (ICE), modal derivatives (MD), and the reduction to invariant manifold. Theoretical analysis shows that the first two methods can give reliable results only if a slow/fast assumption between slave and master coordinates holds. On the other hand, reduction to invariant manifolds allows proposing a simulation-free reduction method that can be applied without restricting assumptions on the frequencies of the slave modes.Numerical comparisons and numerous applications to continuous structures discretized with the FE procedure, are given subsequently. For application of the invariant manifold-based method, the computation is based on a direct application of the normal form to the physical space and hence to the nodes of the FE mesh, a method recently developed. The examples show the advantages and drawbacks of each reduction method when deriving ROM, and the results of the theoretical comparison are validated.Finally, the analysis of the dynamics of a system with 1:2 internal resonance and cubic nonlinearity is given in the last part of the thesis. The real normal form of the problem is first derived. Then the solution branches of the problem are investigated and compared to simpler solutions with the dynamics truncated at order two. The divergent behaviour of the hardening/softening characteristics for single-mode reduction is investigated with this more complete model
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Hochli, Marc. "The invisible scissors : media freedom and censorship in Switzerland". Thesis, Brunel University, 2010. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/4526.
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At first glance, the very idea of analysing the freedom of the media and of researching censorship in Switzerland seems absurd. After all, the Federal Constitution explicitly guarantees freedom of the media, and censorship is forbidden. Furthermore, this small, federal, multilingual and multicultural landlocked country in the middle of Europe is universally praised as a model of democracy. Indeed, in a country whose people have a far greater say in government than anywhere else, one could easily assume that the freedom of the media is a foregone conclusion. Yet, in reality, this shining image is more than a little tarnished. The "Prototype for Europe" – as the former Federal President of Germany Richard von Weizsäcker once described Switzerland – experiences the same forms and mechanisms of censorship as any other democratic country. Of course, in Switzerland "undesirable" journalists are not threatened with murder, but critically discerning authors do risk becoming social outcasts. Switzerland prohibits governmental pre-censorship, but the advertising industry has on occasion attempted to shape the content of the media by means of post-publication censorship in the form of boycotts. Switzerland is a constitutional state, yet the paragraphs of its penal and civil codes hang over media workers like the sword of Damocles. Then there are structural problems such as the lack of proper journalistic education. However one looks at it, the freedom of the media in Switzerland is officially, materially and structurally restricted. However, most people remain unconcerned by and indeed unaware of this state of affairs. Thomas Jefferson's reminder that, "to preserve the freedom of the human mind then and freedom of the press, every spirit should be ready to devote itself to martyrdom; for as long as we may think as we will, and speak as we think, the condition of man will proceed in improvement”*, has long been forgotten in Switzerland. The Swiss appear to be basking in their country’s reputation as a place without media problems. It therefore came as no surprise to us when, both in our quantitative and qualitative research, many of those interviewed were surprised and even irritated at our 2 questions about possible threats to freedom of the media in Switzerland. Some people even felt that they were being personally attacked and responded along the lines that "Instead of fouling our own nest we ought to describe the advantages of our country and our democratic system". Or: "In comparison with Russia or China we are living in a paradise": It seems that only the most critical among the media personnel, media experts and media scientists are willing to pinpoint the problems faced by the contemporary Swiss media. All the others are convinced that we have the best media on earth. This attitude of part indifference, part ignorance and part wishful thinking, was the catalyst for our research on the freedom of the Swiss media and the potential dangers and mechanisms which threaten it. Our findings reveal that all that glitters is not gold and that the Swiss media scene is, in some ways, reminiscent of a Potemkin village. *Jefferson, Thomas, Letter to William Green Mumford, 18 June 1799 (http://www.positiveatheism.org/hist/quotes/jefferson.htm, consulted 15 June 2006)
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Garcia, Edijane Paredes. "Uso de polinômios fracionários nos modelos mistos". Botucatu, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/181646.
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Orientador: Luzia Aparecida TrincaResumo: A classe dos modelos de regressão incorporando polinômios fracionários - FPs (Fractional Polynomials), proposta por Royston & Altman (1994), tem sido amplamente estudada. O uso de FPs em modelos mistos constitui uma alternativa muito atrativa para explicar a dependência das medidas intra-unidades amostrais em modelos em que há não linearidade na relação entre a variável resposta e variáveis regressoras contínua. Tal característica ocorre devido aos FPs oferecerem, para a resposta média, uma variedade de formas funcionais não lineares para as variáveis regressoras contínuas, em que se destacam a família dos polinômios convencionais e algumas curvas assimétricas e com assíntotas. A incorporação dos FPs na estrutura dos modelos mistos tem sido investigada por diversos autores. Porém, não existem publicações sobre: a exploração da problemática da modelagem na parte fixa e na parte aleatória (principalmente na presença de várias variáveis regressoras contínuas e categóricas); o estudo da influência dos FPs na estrutura dos efeitos aleatórios; a investigação de uma adequada estrutura para a matriz de covariâncias do erro; ou, um ponto de fundamental importância para colaborar com a seleção do modelo, a realização da análise de diagnóstico dos modelos ajustados. Uma contribuição, do nosso ponto de vista, de grande relevância é a investigação e oferecimento de estratégias de ajuste dos modelos polinômios fracionários com efeitos mistos englobando os pontos citados acima com o objetiv... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: The class of regression models incorporating Fractional Polynomials (FPs), proposed by Royston & Altman (1994), has been extensively studied. The use of FPs in mixed models is a very attractive alternative to explain the within-subjects’ measurements dependence in models where there is non-linearity in the relationship between the response variable and continuous covariates. This characteristic occurs because the FPs offers a variety of non-linear functional forms for the continuous covariates in the average response, in which the family of the conventional polynomials and some asymmetric curves with asymptotes stand out. The incorporation of FPs into the structure of the mixed models has been investigated by several authors. However, there are no works about the following issues: the modeling of the fixed and random effects (mainly in the presence of several continuous and categorical covariates), the study of the influence of the FPs on the structure of the random effects, the investigation of an adequate structure for the covariance of the random errors, or, a point that has central importance to the selection of the model, to perform a diagnostic analysis of the fitted models. In our point of view, a contribution of great relevance is the investigation and the proposition of strategies for fitting FPs with mixed effects encompassing the points mentioned above, with the goals of filling these gaps and to awaken the users to the great potential of mixed models, now even mor... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Doutor
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Cavaco, Cristina Soares Ribeiro Gomes. "Formas de habitat suburbano. Tipologias e modelos na área metropolitana de Lisboa". Doctoral thesis, Faculdade de Arquitectura de Lisboa, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3652.
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Tese de Doutoramento em ArquitecturaO carácter atípico dos assentamentos suburbanos e o modo como eles têm vindo a dispersares no território de forma descontínua e fragmentária, tem levado frequentemente a considerá-los territórios de desordem - sem ordem nem estrutura, sem regra nem modelo; por isso, dificilmente legíveis e compreensíveis. Contudo, uma abordagem atenta e informada, com base em levantamentos de campo e análises rigorosas de processos administrativos, permite confirmar a hipótese de que os tecidos suburbanos não são as realidades caóticas ou irracionais que uma experiência aberta identifica. Elegendo, como objecto científico de investigação, a forma urbana associada aos novos padrões de ocupação residencial, resultantes das dinâmicas recentes de urbanização, o presente trabalho explora o argumento de que regra e modelo, enquanto figuras base do processamento do espaço edificado, constituem uma ferramenta (morfológica) importante no reconhecimento da legibilidade e inteligibilidade da forma e estrutura urbanas contemporâneas; contributo fundamental quando está em causa a relação entre dinâmicas morfológicas e políticas públicas. Enquanto a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa acolhe a investigação empírica e enquadra os casos de estudo (limitados aqui aos concelhos de Almada e Odivelas), traça-se uma tipologia exploratória para as formas suburbanas na AML, introduzindo a sistematização e a reflexão espacial que faziam falta à interpretação e leitura destes territórios. Ao esboçar uma narrativa renovada da suburbanização, esta tese tem por objectivo contribuir para uma nova condição de legibilidade e inteligibilidade da forma e espaço urbano contemporâneos.
ABSTRACT: The atypical character of suburban settlements and the way they are sprawled all over the territory in a fragmentary and discontinuous manner, have led us to often consider them as territories of disorder – without order neither structure, without rules neither models; hence, hardly readable and understandable. However, a thorough and informed approach, on the basis of an in situ data collection and a rigorous analysis of administrative processes, allows us to confirm the hypothesis that suburban tissues are not the chaotic or the irrational realities a first open experience may perceived. Considering urban form - associated with the new residential patterns resultant from emergent urbanization dynamics - the scientific object for the research, the following argument is explored: the rule and the model, in the sense that they are two primary proceeding figures of the conception and the production of the building space, can constitute an important tool and a preliminary basis to recognize both the legibility and the intelligibility of contemporary urban form and structure; a fundamental contribute, indeed, when the debate is about the relationship between morphological dynamics and public policies. While the Metropolitan Area of Lisbon receives the empirical research and frames the case studies (limited here to the municipalities of Almada and Odivelas), an exploratory typology of suburban forms in the AML is set up, introducing the spatial reflection and the systematization that were in absence in the interpretation and reading of these territories. Upon drawing up a restorative narrative of suburbanization, this PHD thesis aims at contributing to a new condition of legibility and intelligibility of the contemporary urban space and form.
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Séqueira, Jean. "Modélisation interactive d'objets de forme complexe à partir de données hétérogènes : application à la représentation géométrique des organes du corps humain". Besançon, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987BESA2028.
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Marques, Ana Paula Fernandes. "Call Centers: inovação tecnológica, manutenção das formas organizacionais". Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/912.
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Mestrado em Sociologia Económica e das OrganizaçõesUma das problemáticas mais discutidas no seio da sociedade da informação é a subsistência de alguns dos aspectos mais negativos da sociedade industrial, apesar de toda a evolução tecnológica que tem acontecido nos últimos anos. Um desses aspectos é a organização do trabalho e os efeitos que tem nos trabalhadores. Na época áurea do Taylorismo/Fordismo os trabalhadores das linhas de montagem apresentavam níveis elevados de alienação, por um lado, devido ao trabalho ser repetitivo e destituído de qualquer incentivo à criatividade, e por outro, por via das suas qualificações serem muito poucas e logo escassearem oportunidades de vida alternativas. Hoje em dia, embora diferentes, perduram muitas linhas de montagem. Diferentes algumas delas, porque a automatização é omnipresente, porque a produção é especializada ou flexível e, sobretudo, porque os trabalhadores têm qualificações elevadas e projectos de vida paralelos. O presente trabalho, constituído por um estudo de caso efectuado numa empresa prestadora de serviços de call center, tenta justamente analisar a organização do trabalho na linha de atendimento, e verificar de que modo os operadores, força executante dos serviços prestados, são afectados por essa organização, na postura que têm perante o trabalho e o emprego.
One of the most discussed problematic amidst the information society is the maintenance of some negative aspects of the industrial era, in spite of the huge technological evolution we have been experiencing for the last years. One of these aspects is the work organization and the effect it has on workers. During the golden years of Taylorism/Fordism, assembling line workers showed high levels of alienation, caused, on one hand, by the repetitive work and the lack of any incentive for creativity, and, on the other, because their qualifications were few and therefore alternative life opportunities were scarce. Nowadays, although different, several assembling lines prevail. Different, because automatization is comprised in all processes, production is customized and flexible and, above all, workers are highly qualified having life projects alongside work. This research, which consists of a case study performed in a call center service provider, tries to analyse the work organization in an attendance line, and verify in what way operators, the main workforce, are affected by that organization concerning behaviour towards their work and job.
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Tarazaga, Pablo Alberto. "Model Updating Using a Quadratic Form". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/10073.
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The research presented in this thesis addresses the problem of updating an analytical model using a parametric Reference Basis approach. In this method, some parameters are assumed to be accurate (e.g. natural frequencies, mode shapes and mass matrix), while others are adjusted so that the eigenvalue equation is satisfied. Updating is done with the use of principal submatrices, and the method seeks the best parameters multiplying these matrices. This is a departure from classical model reference, and is closer to the formulation of sensitivity methods. The submatrices allow updating of the stiffness matrix with certain freedom while preserving connectivity. Closed form solution can be achieved through multiple ways; two different approaches, denoted as the Quadratic Compression Method (QCM) and the Full Vector Method (FVM), are described in this paper. It is shown that the QCM possesses superior robustness properties with respect to noise in the data. This fact, as well as the simplicity offered by QCM, is demonstrated theoretically and experimentally. The experiments are presented to show the advantage of the QCM in the updating process.Master of Science
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Zhang, Min. "Discrete shape modeling for geometrical product specification : contributions and applications to skin model simulation". Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00670109.
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The management and the control of product geometrical variations during the whole development process is an important issue for cost reduction, quality improvement and company competitiveness in the global manufacturing era. During the design phase, geometric functional requirements and tolerances are derived from the design intent. Geometric modeling tools, now largely support the modeling of product shapes and dimensions. However, permissible geometrical variations cannot be intuitively assessed using existing modeling tools. In addition, the manufacturing and measurement stages are two main geometrical variations generators according to the two well know axioms of manufacturing imprecision and measurement uncertainty. A comprehensive view of Geometrical Product Specifications should consider not only the complete tolerancing process, tolerance modeling and tolerance representation but also shape geometric representations, and suitable processing techniques and algorithms. GeoSpelling as the basis of the GPS standard enables a comprehensive modeling framework and an unambiguous language to describe geometrical variations covering the overall product life cycle thanks to a set of concepts and operations based on the fundamental concept of the "Skin Model". However, the "operationalization" of GeoSpelling has not been successfully completed and few research studies have focused on the skin model simulation. The skin model as a discrete shape model is the main focus of this dissertation. We investigate here discrete geometry fundamentals of GeoSpelling, Monte Carlo Simulation Techniques and Statistical Shape Analysis methods to simulate and analyze "realistic shapes" when considering geometrical constraints requirements (derived from functional specifications and manufacturing considerations). In addition to mapping fundamental concepts and operations to discrete geometry one's, the work presented here investigates a discrete shape model for both random and systematic errors when taking into account second order approximation of shapes. The concept of a mean skin model and its robust statistics are also developed. The results of the skin model simulations and visualizations are reported. By means of a case study based on a cross-shaped sheet metal part where the manufacturing process is simulated using Finite Element Analysis considering stochastic variations, the results of the skin model simulations are shown, and the performances of the method are described.
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Chaves, Renato Lago Pereira. "Reinventing a business model: how contract breweries became a permanent form of organizing". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/17610.
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The impacts of the so-called craft beer revolution reached Brazilian beer industry in the first years of this century. As a result, a group of new entrepreneurs emerged in the country, who argue that they are restoring beer to its rightful status, not only as a local business but also as a product that may bring a specific regional personality. The recent evolution of the craft beer segment is paving the way to the development of different forms of organizing, such as contract brewing, designed for companies which do not own physical brewing facilities. Although most companies still understand contract brewing as a transitional business model, it did change into a permanent form of organizing. Limited to contract breweries from the Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area, this research attempts to assess how contract breweries changed from a temporary, transitional business model into a permanent form of organizing. Furthermore, in view of some distinctive features observed in the models adopted by contract breweries, which may differ from each other considerably with regard to their temporariness and the ability to survive in the long term, I propose a typology of contract breweries.
Os impactos da chamada revolução da cerveja artesanal chegaram à indústria de cerveja brasileira nos primeiros anos deste século. Por conseguinte, um grupo de novos empreendedores surgiu no país, segundo os quais eles estariam retornando a cerveja a seu devido lugar, não apenas como um negócio local, mas também como um produto que pode conferir uma personalidade regional específica. A recente evolução do segmento de cerveja artesanal está abrindo caminho para o desenvolvimento de diferentes formas de se organizar, tais como produção por contrato, modelo desenhado para empresas que não dispõem de instalações fabris próprias. Embora a maior parte das empresas ainda perceba produção por contrato como um modelo de negócio de transição, este modelo evoluiu até tornar-se uma forma permanente de organização. Limitada a cervejarias por contrato da região metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro, esta pesquisa busca analisar como as cervejarias por contrato evoluíram de um modelo de negócio temporário e de transição para uma forma permanente de organização. Ademais, haja vista algumas características específicas observadas nos modelos de negócio adotados pelas cervejarias por contrato, que podem diferir consideravelmente uma das outras no que concerne a sua temporariedade e capacidade de sobreviver a longo prazo, uma tipologia de cervejarias por contrato é proposta.
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Bodin, Julie. "Déterminants professionnels des troubles musculo-squelettiques de l'épaule : intérêt de la prise en compte des facteurs organisationnels Forms of work organization and their associations with shoulder disorders: results from a French working population. Risk factors for shoulder pain in French workers: A Structural Equation Model". Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0086.
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Les troubles musculo-squelettiques (TMS) sont une des questions les plus préoccupantes en santé au travail. Ils témoignent de l’intensification des conditions de travail qui affecte un nombre croissant de travailleurs. L’objectif de cette thèse était d’étudier les relations complexes entre les facteurs professionnels, notamment organisationnels, et les TMS de l’épaule.Trois populations salariées ont été étudiées : la cohorte Cosali et deux entreprises automobile et pharmaceutique. L’étude des caractéristiques organisationnelles des situations de travail par classifications ascendantes hiérarchiques des variables et des individus de la cohorte Cosali a identifié une classe d’organisation de type taylorien. Chez ces salariés, les douleurs et TMS de l’épaule étaient plus fréquents. Des modèles à équations structurelles ont montré que les facteurs organisationnels étaient des déterminants distaux des TMS en influençant l’exposition aux facteurs psychosociaux et physiques, alors que l’exposition aux facteurs physiques influençait à son tour les douleurs de l’épaule. L’application de la méthodologie aux deux populations des entreprises automobile et pharmaceutique a confirmé la pertinence du modèle issu de Cosali. En conclusion, les facteurs organisationnels sont des déterminants clés de la survenue des TMS de l’épaule en influençant en cascade les conditions d'exposition aux facteurs psychosociaux et physiques auxquels les travailleurs doivent faire face. Ces connaissances épidémiologiques originales améliorent la compréhension de la chaîne de déterminants des TMS et contribueront au ciblage des interventions de prévention sur les déterminants professionnels modifiablesMusculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) represent one of the most worrying issues in occupational health. They bear witness to the intensification of working conditions which affects an increasing number of workers. The aim of this thesis was to study the complex relationships between occupational factors and shoulder disorders, with attention paid to organizational factors. Three working populations were studied : the Cosali cohort, one automobile company and one pharmaceutical company. The study of the organizational characteristics of work situations by ascendant hierarchical clustering of variables and individuals of the Cosali cohort identified a Taylorist form of work organization. Among these employees, shoulder disorders were more frequent. Structural equation modeling has shown that organizational factors are distal determinants of MSDs by influencing exposure to psychosocial and physical factors, while exposure to physical factors in turn influences shoulder pain. The application of the methodology to the two populations of automotive and pharmaceutical companies confirmed the relevance of the Cosali model. In conclusion, organizational factors are key determinants of the onset of shoulder disorders by cascading the conditions of exposure to the psychosocial and physical factors that workers face. This original epidemiological knowledge improves understanding of the chain of determinants of MSDs and will contribute to the targeting of prevention interventions on modifiable occupational determinants
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Enrique, Gras Germán. "O compositor frente à sua peça". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/31450.
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O presente memorial está dividido em duas partes, a primeira trata da situação do compositor de frente à sua própria peça. Partindo do modelo tripartite da semiologia de Jean Jaques Nattiez, é proposto um deslocamento do observador com o intuito de oferecer uma ferramenta analítica a ser utilizada pelo compositor na análise de seu próprio trabalho. Após a formulação teórica, esta primeira parte é encerrada por uma breve análise de uma das peças do portfólio apresentada como uma primeira aproximação ao funcionamento do modelo analítico e como exemplo das questões que estão se debatendo tais como material, objeto musical entre outros. Esta análise é seguida por uma critica composicional que por sua vez dá lugar a alguns comentários de outra das peças do portfólio. A segunda parte trata do problema composicional especifico que fora trabalhado durante o mestrado; a saber, o relacionamento entre tempo e forma. Num primeiro momento se estabelece um debate teórico para logo dar lugar à análise de outra peça do portfólio que exemplificará o funcionamento de um dispositivo formal proposto como possível solução ao binômio tempo/forma.This text is divided into two parts, the first dealing with the situation of the composer in front of his own work. Based on the tripartite model of semiology proposed by Jean Jaques Nattiez, a shift of the observer is proposed in order to provide an analytical tool to be used by the composer in the analysis of their own work. After the theoretical formulation, the first part concludes with a brief analysis of a piece of the portfolio presented as a first approach to the operation of the analytical model and an example of the issues with which at deals, such as material and musical objects. This analysis is followed by a compositional critique, which in turn gives rise to some comments on an other piece of the portfolio. The second part deals with the specific compositional problem that has been worked during the Masters investigation: namely, the relationship between time and form. At first a theoretical debate is established that in turn give rise to the analysis of another piece of the portfolio that exemplifies the performance of a device formally proposed as a possible solution to the binomial time/form.
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Kunzweiler, Sabrina [Verfasser]. "Models of curves and integral differential forms / Sabrina Kunzweiler". Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1228439044/34.
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Tian, Tian. "Analysis and control of nonlinear multiple-input systems with coupled dynamics by the method of Normal Forms". Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ENAM0029/document.
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Les systèmes composés d’une somme de sous-systèmes interconnectés offrent les avantages majeurs de flexibilité d’organisation et de redondance synonyme de fiabilité accrue. Une des plus belles réalisations basée sur ce concept réside dans les réseaux électriques qui sont reconnus à ce jour comme la plus grande et la plus complexe des structures existantes jamais développées par l’homme.Les phénomènes de plus en plus non linéaires rencontrés dans l’étude des nouveaux réseaux électriques amènent au développement de nouveaux outils permettant l’étude des interactions entre les différents éléments qui les composent. Parmi les outils d’analyse existants, ce mémoire présente le développement et l’application de la théorie des Formes Normales à l’étude des interactions présentes dans un réseau électrique. Les objectifs spécifiques de cette thèse concernent le développement de la méthode des Formes Normales jusqu’à l’ordre 3, l’application de cette méthode à l’étude des oscillations présentes dans des réseaux tests et l’apport de la méthode développée dans l’étude de la stabilité des réseauxSystems composed with a sum of interconnected sub-systems offer the advantages of a better flexibility and redundancy for an increased reliability. One of the largest and biggest system based on this concept ever devised by man is the interconnected power system.Phenomena encountered in the newest interconnected power systems are more and more nonlinear and the development of new tools for their study is od major concern. Among the existing tools, this PhD work presents the development and the application of the Normal Form theory to the study of the interactions existing on an interconnected power system. The specific objectives of this PhD work are the development of the Normal Form theory up to the third order, the application of this method to study power system interarea oscillations and the gain of the developed method for the study of stability of power systems
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Grosson, Céline. "Formes articulatoires et formes phonologiques : le cas de la liaison". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10183/document.
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Les résultats obtenus en psycholinguistique via des études perceptives sur le traitement de la consonne de liaison montrent que le traitement de ce phénomène complexe n’est qu’imparfaitement prédit par les différentes théories phonologiques dans lesquelles il a été intégré de manière explicite. C’est pourquoi nous proposons dans cette thèse, qui s’inscrit dans une perspective résolument nouvelle, d’envisager la liaison du point de vue de la production et de la formaliser dans le cadre de la Phonologie articulatoire de Browman et Goldstein (1986). Ce modèle présente l’avantage d’une organisation directe entre phonologie et phonétique en utilisant une seule unité qui sert à la fois de primitive phonologique et d’unité d’action motrice dans la production de la parole : le geste articulatoire. Nous supposons que le statut phonologique de « segment flottant » proposé pour la consonne de liaison dans le cadre de la phonologie autosegmentale (Clements & Keyser, 1985 ; Encrevé 1988) puisse trouver un corrélat au niveau articulatoire et puisse être observé et mesuré expérimentalement. L’analyse qui vient à l’appui de cette hypothèse compare la consonne de liaison avec la consonne initiale de mot dans des contextes vocaliques identiques au moyen de mesures électro-palatographiques. Nos résultats suggèrent que la consonne de liaison est soumise à une modification quantitative des caractéristiques dynamiques qui lui sont associés. Les mouvements des articulateurs ainsi que les relations entre les gestes consonantique et vocalique sont ré-échelonnés en fonction de la position qu’occupe la consonne de manière graduellePerceptual studies in the field of psycholinguistics on the processing of the liaison consonant have shown that this complex phenomenon is not perfectly predicted by the different phonological theories in which it has been explicitly integrated. In this thesis, we propose to investigate liaison from a totally new perspective, that is from a production point of view, and to formalise this phenomenon in the framework of Browman and Goldstein (1986)’s Articulatory Phonology. This model is advantageous as it provides a direct connection between phonology and phonetics where only one unit is used both as a phonological primitive and as a unit of motor action in speech production, that is articulatory gesture. In the Framework of autosegmental phonology (Clements & Keyser, 1985 ; Encrevé 1988), the phonological status of the liaison consonant is considered to be a floating segment. In this thesis, we hypothesise that there is a correlate at the articulatory level that can be observed and experimentally measured. This hypothesis is tested by comparing the liaison consonant with the word-initial consonant in identical vowel contexts by using electro-palatographical measurements.Results suggest that the liaison consonant is subjected to a quantitative modification of the dynamic caracteristics which are associated with it. The articulator movements, as well as the relations between consonant and vowel gestures, are gradually re-scaled according to the consonant position
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Straka, Richard. "Model strategického rozhodování ve vícehráčové hře s prvky kooperativního chování". Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236212.
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This work concentrates on the study of mathematical models of human behaviour in dynamic games; in particular games with aspects of cooperation, implementation of a model and experimentation with the model. The game DarkElf was chosen for this project. It is a strategic, turn based game with economic and military features, where the decisions made by players are simultaneously implemented at a predetermined time.
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Leite, Daniela Morales Tolentino. "A nuvem mesônica e os fatores de forma estranhos do próton". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/43/43134/tde-06112008-172439/.
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O objetivo deste trabalho foi incluir o méson escalar $\\kappa$ na núvem de mésons estranhos do próton e verificar se, desta forma, a contribuição de estranheza para as suas propriedades eletromagnéticas poderia ser explicada pelo modelo da núvem mesônica. Os observáveis que quantificam tal contribuição são os fatores de forma estranhos elétrico ($G_E^s$) e magnético ($G_M^s$), que têm sido objeto de grande interesse experimental nos últimos 10 anos. Usando a versão da nuvem que inclui o méson $\\kappa$, nós calculamos $G_E^s$ e $G_M^s$ em função do momento transferido dentro do intervalo 0 $\\leq Q^2 \\leq$ 1,2 GeV$^2$, de modo a abranger toda a gama de dados disponíveis no momento. Comparamos nossos resultados com os dados existentes para $G_E^s$ e $G_M^s$ e encontramos um ótimo acordo entre experimento e modelo, demonstrando que a inclusão do $\\kappa$ na núvem de mésons do próton é fundamental para que o seu conteúdo de estranheza possa ser compreendido.The goal of this work was to include the scalar $\\kappa$ meson on the meson cloud of the proton, and then to verify if the strangeness contribution to the electromagnetic properties of the proton could be explained by the meson cloud model. The observables that quantify such a contribution are the electric ($G_E^s$) and magnetic ($G_M^s$) strange form factors, which have been subject of great experimental interest in the last 10 years. Using the version of the cloud which includes the $\\kappa$ meson, we calculated $G_E^s$ and $G_M^s$ as a function of the transferred momentum in the interval 0 $\\leq Q^2 \\leq$ 1.2 GeV$^2$, to cover the full range of available data at the time. We compared our results with existing data for $G_E^s$ and $G_M^s$ and we found a good agreement between experiment and model, showing that including $\\kappa$ on the meson cloud of the proton is crucial to understand its strangeness content.
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Riley, Matthew E. "Quantification of Model-Form, Predictive, and Parametric Uncertainties in Simulation-Based Design". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1314895435.
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Neethling, Stephen J. "A mathematical model of flowing foams and froths". Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.488181.
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Sedláček, Petr. "Hydrogely huminových kyselin - experimentální model i aplikační forma". Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta chemická, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233288.
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The thesis deals with a utilization of hydrogels made of humic acids in both basic and applied research of this valuable natural material. The attention is paid to an interaction between the humic gel and cupric ions as the model heavy metal. The main experimental part focuses on an optimation of simple laboratory diffusion methods which serve as an innovative tool for modeling pollutants’ transport in natural humic environments. Various techniques were used in order to determine a diffusion coefficient of cupric ions in humic gel; the value is closely linked with the studied interaction between solid content of the gel and the diffusing species. Consequently, the diffusivity can be used as a standard parameter for basic reactivity mapping studies concerning humic substances. The final chapter of the thesis deals with a preparation of mixed reversible hydrogels formed by a reaction between humic acids and chitosan. These materials represent a suitable colloidal form for humic acids’ industrial and agricultural applications.
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Guirado, Natalia Cipolaro. "Um sistema semiótico sincrético: a linguagem cinematográfica". Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8139/tde-30092013-115304/.
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Nesta dissertação, partimos da base teórica da semiótica francesa para abordar o sincretismo da linguagem cinematográfica, sistema semiótico no qual é possível obter a significação homogênea da forma códica sincrética a partir da sincretização de linguagens concorrentes. Procuramos estabelecer o lugar do cinema na teoria semiótica para que a análise dos objetos sincréticos possa ser elaborada de maneira ampla considerando todas as linguagens envolvidas em sua manifestação. Assim, partimos das colocações do conceito de sincretismo de Hjelmslev (1975), Greimas e Courtés (1979) e dos avanços teóricos de Beividas (1983) para aprofundar a discussão a respeito de como pode ocorrer o arranjo e a organização das linguagens participantes do sistema de sincretização na linguagem do cinema, tendo em vista que se colocariam como funções do sistema sincrético e também como funtivos de novas funções que seriam criadas. Pretendemos demonstrar com a proposta do modelo de sincretização da forma códica sincrética que um filme pode ser analisado em uma abordagem abrangente da sincretização para que se alcance a complexidade da linguagem que constrói sua significação por meio da organização de diversas formas códicas, as linguagens individuais que participam do sistema sincrético. Por fim, buscamos abarcar as peculiaridades formais e materiais da linguagem cinematográfica com a análise semiótica de seu sistema de significação.In this dissertation, we depart from the theoretical basis of French semiotics to treat the syncretism of cinematic language, semiotic system in which it is possible to obtain the homogeneous signification of the syncretic code form from the syncretization of concurrent languages. We aim at establishing the place of cinema in semiotic theory so that the analysis of syncretic objects can be broadly elaborated considering all languages involved in its manifestation. Thus, we assume the conceptualization of syncretism by Hjelmslev (1975), Greimas and Courtés (1979) and the theoretical advances proposed by Beividas (1983) to deepen the discussion about how the arrangement and the organization of languages that participate in the system of syncretization in the language of cinema may occur, assuming that they would act as functions of the syncretic system, and also as functives of new functions which would be created. We intend to demonstrate with a model of syncretization of the syncretic code form that a movie can be analyzed in a broad approach of syncretization so that the complexity of the language that constructs its signification is achieved through the organization of several code forms, the individual languages that participate in the syncretic system. Finally, we aim at covering the formal and material peculiarities of cinematic language through the semiotic analysis of its system of signification.
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Corrêa, Christiane Erondina. "Ecologia de populações de Psychotria nuda (Rubiaceae) em Floresta Ombrófila Densa". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/315903.
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Orientador: Flavio Antonio Maës dos SantosTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: Os habitats variam entre si quanta às características abióticas como luminosidade e topografia. A variação altitudinal pode conter essas diferenças e influenciar variações em escala individual e populacional das espécies. 0 objetivo geral desse trabalho foi descrever as características da espécie em escala do indivíduo, o padrão espacial e a dinâmica populacional do arbusto Psychotria nuda (Rubiaceae). Adicionalmente, verifica se há variação dessas características populacionais entre altitudes e dentro de cada altitude, considerando variações da topografia e luminosidade. 0 estudo foi realizado em Floresta Ombrófila Densa, no Parque Estadual da Serra do Mar em diferentes altitudes (Floresta de Restinga, Terras Baixas, Sub-Montana e Montana). Foram identificadas duas formas de crescimento, ereta e prostrada. lndivíduos prostrados podem apresentar crescimento clonal, encontrado em mais de 70% dos casas. 0 comprimento, o diâmetro, a área de copa e o módulo de elasticidade dos indivíduos eretos foram maiores comparados aos prostrados. Mais de 80% dos indivíduos amostrados ocorreram nas parcelas Terras Baixas. 0 comprimento foi semelhante entre altitudes, mas o diâmetro e a área da copa foram maiores nos indivíduos da Sub-Montana. A variação dos indivíduos localizados na Sub-Montana foi menor comparado aos indivíduos nas Terras Baixas. 0 padrão espacial diferiu entre as altitudes. Na Sub-Montana e na Restinga a distribuição foi agregada à pequenas distâncias e na Terras Baixas foi aleatória. Para todas as altitudes não houve variação temporal do padrão espacial. Mesmo avaliando a distribuição dos indivíduos por tamanho ou forma de crescimento, as variações influenciadas pela altitude foram preponderantes. A distribuição da densidade dos indivíduos não esteve relacionada a variações da topografia e luminosidade. 0 crescimento individual variou pouco ao Iongo do tempo e entre altitudes. Não houve variação da taxa de crescimento decamétrico com as classes de diâmetro dos indivíduos. As taxas de crescimento decamétrico não estavam relacionadas as variáveis abióticas. A taxa de crescimento populacional foi positiva, próxima a 1, nas duas altitudes. As taxas de mortalidade e de recrutamento foram muito semelhantes entre altitudes e não variaram temporal ou espacialmente. Indivíduos menores são mais freqüentes nas populações estudadas e a probabilidade de reprodução esteve associada ao tamanho do indivíduo. A maior proporção indivíduos reprodutivos na população foi encontrada na Sub-Montana. A maioria dos indivíduos permaneceu na classe de diâmetro inicial. Houve casos de regressão em até duas classes de diâmetro que podem significar a diminuição de tamanho ou fragmentação de rametas. O ingresso por reprodução sexuada foi pequeno sendo a maior parte dos recrutas originados por propagação vegetativa (91,6%). As duas altitudes diferiram quanto as contribuições para as diferenças encontradas no ?a, indicando que diferentes transições são importantes em cada hábitat. Algumas características populacionais estudadas variaram mais fortemente com a altitude em comparação a outros. As diferenças destacam que as populações das duas altitudes mantiveram estabilidade, entretanto a partir de estratégias diferentes. Na altitude maior os indivíduos foram maiores e apenas indivíduos grandes foram reprodutivos. Na altitude menor os indivíduos iniciam a reprodução com tamanho menor e ocorre maior entrada de indivíduos por propagação vegetativa
Abstract: The habitats may differ among themselves by abiotic traits like light and slope. The altitudinal variation may include these differences and influence changes in species on both individual and populational scales. The goals of this work were to describe individual traits, spatial pattern and population dynamic of shrub Psychotria nuda. Besides verify if there were variations of these population traits between altitudes and in each altitude considering slope and canopy openness variations. We developed this work in Dense-Ombrophylous Forest of Serra do Mar State Park in distinct altitudes. Two growth forms were recognized, erect and prostrate. The prostrate growth form includes the plants derived from clonal growth which is present in more than 70% of recorded individuals. The length, diameter, crown area and elastic modulus of erect growth form were higher than the prostrate one. More than 80% of the individuals occurred in the Lowland Secondary-Dense-Ombrophylous Forest. The length was similar between altitudes, but the diameter and crown area were higher in SM. Plants variations were smaller in Submontane Secondary-Dense-Ombrophylous Forest plots than in Lowland Secondary-Dense-Ombrophylous Forest. In Submontane Secondary Dense-Ombrophylous Forest and Coastal Plain Forest the distribution were aggregate to small distances and in Lowland Secondary-Dense-Ombrophylous Forest was random. There was no variation for all altitudes over time. Even evaluated the individuals distribution by size or growth form, the variations was mainly influenced by altitude. Individuals' density distribution was not related with slope and canopy openness variations. The individual growth of Psychotria nuda varies little over time and between altitudes. The diameter growth rate did not vary with individual's diameter class and with abiotic traits. Growth rate was positive and equals to one in both altitudes. Mortality and recruitment were similar between altitudes and did not vary in time and space. The smaller diameter classes were the most frequent ones and the reproduction probability was related with plant size. The proportion of reproductive plants was higher in Submontane Secondary-Dense-Ombrophylous Forest. Most plants remained in the original diameter class. There were some cases with regression of up to two diameter classes that may mean size reduction or ramets fragmentation. There was a little input of recruits from sexual reproduction. Almost all recruits came from vegetative propagation (91,6%). The contributions to variability in ? were different between altitudes due to distinct important transitions in each altitude. Some population traits varied more strongly with altitude than others. The differences highlight that two altitudes populations maintained stability, but from different strategies. At higher altitude, plants were larger than those on lower altitude and just the bigger ones were reproductive. At lower altitude plants start reproduction earlier than in higher altitude and had more input of recruits from vegetative propagation.
Doutorado
Ecologia
Doutor em Ecologia
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Takeyama, Yoshihiro. "Form factors of SU(N) invariant Thirring model". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/149952.
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Sodré, Andréia Brandão Daltro. "KittyCat: a cognitive model of structure-form discovery". reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/12442.
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Cognition is a core subject to understand how humans think and behave. In that sense, it is clear that Cognition is a great ally to Management, as the later deals with people and is very interested in how they behave, think, and make decisions. However, even though Cognition shows great promise as a field, there are still many topics to be explored and learned in this fairly new area. Kemp & Tenembaum (2008) tried to a model graph-structure problem in which, given a dataset, the best underlying structure and form would emerge from said dataset by using bayesian probabilistic inferences. This work is very interesting because it addresses a key cognition problem: learning. According to the authors, analogous insights and discoveries, understanding the relationships of elements and how they are organized, play a very important part in cognitive development. That is, this are very basic phenomena that allow learning. Human beings minds do not function as computer that uses bayesian probabilistic inferences. People seem to think differently. Thus, we present a cognitively inspired method, KittyCat, based on FARG computer models (like Copycat and Numbo), to solve the proposed problem of discovery the underlying structural-form of a dataset.
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Passadore, Francesco <1992>. "Forme di Business Model: una rassegna sistematica della letteratura". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/12271.
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L’innovazione del business model di un’impresa è considerata sempre più importante al fine di ottenere un vantaggio competitivo, rispetto all’innovazione di prodotti o servizi. Per tale motivo, assumono una rilevanza fondamentale lo studio e l’analisi dei Business Model Pattern (BMP) che un’azienda elabora e sviluppa. In questo elaborato si esegue una rassegna sistematica della letteratura al fine di individuare e analizzare le nuove forme di business model. Si è partiti dalla literature review condotta da Remane et al. (2017), procedendo con l’aggiornamento e l’ampliamento del database contenuto nel paper “The Business Model Pattern Database – a Tool for Systematic Business Model Innovation”.