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Manca, Silvester. "Kepemimpinan Pastoral Bercorak Pastor-Sentris Dalam Perspektif Teologi". Jurnal Alternatif Wacana Ilmiah Interkultural 10, n.º 1 (13 de abril de 2021): 13–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.60130/ja.v10i1.40.
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Leadership is an important aspect of Church life. In fact, the style of leadership that are carried out in the Church must reflect the teachings of faith and theology as well as the basic principles in the Church. It must not conflict with the basic spirit of the Church. With that, the meaning of Church presence as sacrament of salvation in the middle of the world becomes clear and felt. In this article, it is emphasized that the surviving pastoral-centric style of leadership in the Church is not problematic in the context of pastoral management, but also contradicts the theology and the principle of Church social teaching. At the very least, this leadership contradicts the nature of the Church as communion or fellowship, the principles of participation and subsidiarity and the nature of the ministerial priesthood. Therefore, such leadership must be rejected.
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Hoerig, Karl A. "Nimrod". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 46, n.º 4 (24 de novembro de 2017): 568–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429817733141.
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Each fall from 1984 to 2007 a group of Lutheran pastors in Texas gathered at the ranch of another pastor to hunt white-tailed deer during the opening week of the annual hunting season. Called “Nimrod” after the ancient Babylonian king identified in the Bible as “a mighty hunter before the Lord” (Genesis 10:9), also an acronym for “November Invitational Ministerial Recreational Outdoor Diversion,” the event provided opportunities for recreation and fellowship for active and retired clergy, centered around the hunt. To the casual observer hunting is not an immediately obvious pastime to bring Christian ministers together. This ethnographic study examines the place of hunting within Christian theology and explores how the annual deer hunting retreat in fact created an ideal opportunity for clergy to escape from the social constraints of their professional lives while engaging in the deeply meaningful practice of harvesting wild game.
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Irawan, Dadang, Anggaripeni Mustikasiwi, Wylen Djap, Oki Hermawati e Erwin Santosa. "Pastors and Treasurers: A Case Study of Financial Management in Christian Organization". Integritas: Jurnal Teologi 3, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2021): 213–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.47628/ijt.v3i1.55.
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Prior research has suggested that pastors have difficulty in managing church finances. On the other hand, the involvement of the congregation with knowledge that tends to be pragmatic exposes the pastor to start rubbing against the values contained in this pragmatic understanding, including matters of financial management. In terms of finance, actually the provisions of the Bible are sufficient as guidance, in the form of main values, only requiring an understanding in accordance with the context and the current relevance of the challenges of the church and its congregation. This paper seeks to tell the experience of one of the important actors (informants), a pastor who acts as a ministerial servant of God in pastoral care as well as treasurer in the Indonesian Church Association (PGI). These sources are in the vortex of the tug of interest between idealism as a servant of God and pragmatism, a solution must be sought as soon as possible regarding the sustainability of the church fellowship institution. At the end loyalty, integrity and openness with good intentions to collaborate with various groups (partnering) are the key characters between the roles of pastor and treasurer. This character is preserved in an expression of faith and relying on God. The financial leadership model of a pastor as well as a treasurer with a narrative study approach is described in this article.
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Sahrasad, Herdi, Ma'mun Murod Al-Barbasy, Al Chaidar, Muhammad Ridwan e Qusthan Firdaus. "The Winding Road to Power: Anwar Ibrahim in Malaysian Politics". Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal) : Humanities and Social Sciences 2, n.º 3 (5 de agosto de 2019): 273–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.33258/birci.v2i3.428.
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The relationship between Mahathir Mohamad and Anwar Ibrahim was colorful, from friendship, fellowship to violent conflict and hostilities, even Anwar was slandered with sodomy and jailed and tortured in his cell. Anwar's struggle in Malaysian politics was full of sorrow and bitterness, after being released from prison in 2007, in 2008 he was jailed again on charges of sodomy too. But then he could be free and form an opposition against Najib Razak who replaced Mahathir.In 1997, when he became a finance minister, Anwar Ibrahim supported the steps of the International Monetary Fund (IMF). He saved money by cutting state spending by 18 percent, cutting ministerial salaries, and postponing major projects. The major projects postponed by Anwar Ibrahim included a number of projects that were the mainstay of the development strategy designed by Mahathir Mohamad. In 1998, amid the worsening relationship between Anwar and Mahathir, Newsweek magazine named Anwar the "Asian Leader of the Year". In the same year, the youth wing of UMNO led by Anwar's ally Ahmad Zahid Hamidi indicated that they would raise the issue of cronyism and nepotism in the UMNO General Session.Now Anwar has returned to the Malaysian political scene and is waiting for the promise of Mahathir who will hand over the reign of the Prime Minister to him. Indeed, Anwar's way of life was full of mystery and grief but there was no grudge in him for those who had imprisoned him for quite a long time.
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Thomas, T. "Ministering to the People of Oklahoma". Review & Expositor 109, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2012): 75–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/003463731210900110.
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The Cooperating Baptist Fellowship of Oklahoma came into existence in 1992. This essay offers a brief overview of how this new organization has tried to relate to the various ethnic groups in our state.
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Muzari, Washington, Mandivamba Rukuni, Oniward Svubure, Wirimayi Gatsi, Daniel Jambwa, Godwin Mavima, Tatenda Tsiko et al. "An Investigation into the Efficiency of Functioning of the Local Authority as a Crucial Element of Community Resilience to Climate-related Disasters". South Asian Journal of Social Studies and Economics 21, n.º 3 (31 de janeiro de 2024): 18–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/sajsse/2024/v21i3780.
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Aims: The main objective of the study was to analyze the relationship between the efficiency of operation of the local authority (independent variable) and community resilience to agriculture-threatening hydro-climatic natural disasters (dependent variable), with particular focus on droughts and floods in Lower Muzarabani District of the Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe.
Study Design: The study was designed based on the stratified random sampling technique. Linear regression and correlation analyses were used for hypothesis testing.
Place and Duration of Study: The study was part of a PhD in Development Studies (Leadership for Africa’s Development) that was conducted jointly at the University of Africa in Lusaka, Zambia, and BEAT Doctoral Academy in Harare, Zimbabwe. Sponsorship was provided by Chinhoyi University of Technology under a Staff Development Fellowship, between August 2016 and November 2020.
Methodology: The survey was conducted in Lower Muzarabani District of the Zambezi Valley in Zimbabwe, on a sample of 200 rural households. A structured questionnaire was used to determine resilience scores for the dependent variable (community resilience) and independent variable (efficiency of functioning of the local authority), based on a 5-point Likert Scale.
Results: Linear regressions between the dependent and independent variables exceeded 2 for each of the three scenarios; and correlations were greater than 0.5 for each scenario. These results were true at P = 0.000, that is at P < 0.001. Scenarios were delineated by the disaster governance legislation in operation during three different time-periods. The results therefore indicated a strong, positive impact of efficiency of functioning of the local authority on community resilience to the climate-related disasters of droughts and floods.
Conclusion: The results indicate that there is considerable potential for raising community resilience by improving the efficiency of functioning of the local authority. First, local government autonomy in Lower Muzarabani should be improved. Secondly, income sources for local government development projects need to be diversified. Thirdly, the participation of traditional leaders such as chiefs, headmen and village heads in rural development processes should be enhanced. Fourth, local authorities should ensure good governance by being effective, transparent, accountable, and institutionally coherent. Fifth, ministerial powers should be devolved to local authorities. Sixth, a clear national framework for local economic development should be provided through effective fiscal, political and legal recognition and access to an equitable share of national resources by local authorities. The efficiency of operation of the local authority could also be enhanced through building and connecting commodity value chains, improving agricultural productivity and marketing, and developing agro-enterprises. The expeditious and effective implementation of the above measures can significantly improve the efficiency of operation of the local authority. Ultimately, this should lead to higher community resilience to the prevailing hydro-climatic disasters of droughts and floods in Lower Muzarabani District and areas with similar agro-ecological, demographic, socio-economic, cultural and political characteristics.
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Siahaan, Harls Evan R. "Karakteristik Pentakostalisme Menurut Kisah Para Rasul". DUNAMIS: Jurnal Penelitian Teologi dan Pendidikan Kristiani 2, n.º 1 (4 de novembro de 2017): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.30648/dun.v2i1.132.
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Abstract: Pentecostalism is often to be concerned with Holy Spirit baptism, Spiritual gifts or speaking in tongue. Basically, Pentecostalism is about to dynamize Christian life’s character. This article is aiming to refer the nature of Pentecostalism according to The Acts, that it is not only about speaking in tongue and other Spiritual gifts, but the characteristic. This article is a research that using text analyzis of The Book of Acts about the true charateristic of Pentecostalism. The conclusion of this biblical research is, pentecostalist characteristic is about building dynamic person who has such characters: continued steadfastly in fellowship and learning Bible, social care, enthusiastic, having favor with all the people, dare to witness, ministering with power and having intelegent ability.Abstrak: Fenomena Pentakosta sering hanya dikaitkan dengan persoalan baptisan Roh Kudus dan bahasa roh, bahkan juga dengan karunia Roh. Sejatinya, Pentakostalisme merupakan sebuah dinamisasi karakteristik kehidupan Kristen. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan hakikat Pentakostalisme sesuai Kisah Para Rasul, bahwa Pentakostalisme bukan sekadar persoalan bahasa roh dan karunia roh yang lain, melainkan karakteristik. Penelitian ini bersifat analisis teks pada Kisah Para Rasul tentang karateristik Pentakostalisme yang sejati. Kesimpulannya, karakteristik pentakostalis adalah tentang membangun pribadi dinamis yang memiliki karakter: tekun bersekutu dan belajar firman, peduli sosial, antusias, disukai orang, berani bersaksi, melayani dengan kuasa dan memiliki kemampuan intelektualitas.
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Sancenón, Félix, Ramón Martínez-Máñez e Juan Soto. "A Selective Chromogenic Reagent for Nitrate This research was supported by the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (proyecto PB98-1430-C02-02, 1FD97-0508-C03-01, and AMB99-0504-C02-01). F.S. also thanks the Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología for a Doctoral Fellowship." Angewandte Chemie 114, n.º 8 (15 de abril de 2002): 1474. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20020415)114:8<1474::aid-ange1474>3.0.co;2-n.
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Martínez-Avilés, Luz, Marta Salido, Beatriz Bellosillo, Vera Adema, Ana Ferrer, Antonio Salar, Mar Garcia et al. "Absence of Mutations of the Histone Methyltransferase Gene EZH2 In Splenic B-Cell Marginal Zone Lymphoma". Blood 116, n.º 21 (19 de novembro de 2010): 5086. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v116.21.5086.5086.
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Abstract Abstract 5086 Background Splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) is a rare low-grade B-cell lymphoproliferative disorder with characteristic clinical, cytological, histological and immunophenotypical features. The most common cytogenetic abnormality, present in 30–40% of the patients is the 7q deletion, that extends from 7q21 to 7q36. This aberration may represent a primary pathogenic event in SMZL. Recently, mutations in the EZH2 gene, located at 7q36.1, have been described in different hematological malignancies including B-cell lymphomas. However, the role of the EZH2 gene in SMZL has to be elucidated. Aim To determine the prevalence of EZH2 mutations in a cohort of SMZL patients. Patients and Methods Twenty-nine patients with SMZL were screened for mutations in the EZH2 gene. From the whole cohort, 11 patients presented 7q deletion (three of them as a single anomaly), 11 had a normal karyotype and 7 had other cytogenetic aberrations. The mutational analysis of the EZH2 gene was performed by direct sequencing using primers covering the whole exome of the gene. DNA was extracted from CD19 isolated B-cells from peripheral blood or from total lymphocytes if the percentage of pathologic B-cell was higher than 50%. Results From the whole cohort of 29 SMZL patients, no pathogenic mutations (frameshift or nonsense mutations) were detected in the EZH2 gene in any of the patients analyzed. Five patients harboured the missense mutation D185H in exon 6, that has been previously described as a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). Conclusions In conclusion, the EZH2 gene is not mutated in our series of SMZL patients suggesting that this gene is not involved in the pathogeny of this entity. Acknowledgments: Fellowship FI2008 (AGAUR) to LMA, This work was supported (in part) by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III FEDER; Red Temática de Investigación Cooperativa en Cáncer (RTICC, FEDER): RD06/0020/0031 and RD07/0020/2004; Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo (Spain): PI07/0586. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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William Chesaina Kipkoros. "The future of Children and Teenage Ministries in Kenyan Churches". Kabarak Journal of Research & Innovation 11, n.º 1 (14 de julho de 2021): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.58216/kjri.v11i1.96.
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The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted every part of the World. It brought unfortunate consequences; unexpected deaths, sudden unemployment, strain on healthcare systems, economic near collapse and the worst of all is the unprecedented disruption in places of worship. On the 13th of March 2020, the government of Kenya ordered an immediate closure of Churches as a containment measure against the spread of the pandemic. As at March 26th 2020 millions of children and adolescents in 165 countries were affected by the closure. Due to high level of vulnerability, children and the elderly were advised to stay at home to avoid risk of exposure. This move forced the Kenyan church leaders to navigate through unfamiliar territory of adopting new ways of doing ministry through online platforms such as Facebook, YouTube, Zoom, and Church Websites and Televisions to offer spiritual services such as preaching, discipleships, follow-ups, fellowships and even visitations to all groups’ children, teens, youths and adults. This study sought to establish which of the groups in the churches did not receive adequate or specific attention during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research was carried out on 22nd May through 20th June 2020. The study used survey research design, a valuable tool of assessing the attitudes, opinions and trends of church leaders. An exponential non-discriminative snowball sampling technique was used to identify respondents. 429 (n) pastors and church leaders from 33 Counties of Kenya and among 161 denominations participated in the study. The online survey was hosted by US-based data company SurveyMonkey Inc. that processed and analyzed the data. The study findings indicated that Children between the ages of 0- 11 years (64.57%) and Teenagers between the ages of 12- 19 years (30.77%) received inadequate attention. The knowledge gained in this research is helpful for churches and various denominations to formulate appropriate and practical methods of effectively ministering to the children and teenagers even in seasons of crises.
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Xargay-Torrent, Silvia, Monica López-Guerra, Ifigènia Saborit-Villarroya, Laia Rosich, Alba Navarro, Neus Villamor, Marta Aymerich et al. "The Multi-Kinase Inhibitor Sorafenib Blocks Migration, BCR Survival Signals, Protein Translation and Stroma-Mediated Bortezomib Resistance in Mantle Cell Lymphoma". Blood 120, n.º 21 (16 de novembro de 2012): 1647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v120.21.1647.1647.
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Abstract Abstract 1647 Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is an incurable B-lymphoid neoplasm harboring the t(11;14)(q13;q32) translocation which leads to the overexpression of cyclin D1, with the consequent cell cycle deregulation. Typically, MCL is characterized by bad prognosis and an aggressive course of the disease. Unfortunately, current therapies have shown limited efficacy and relapses occur early, thus our purpose was to evaluate the antitumoral properties of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in MCL. Sorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor that targets several cancer-specific pathways and directly affects tumor cell proliferation, cell survival and neovascularization. We analyzed the sensitivity to sorafenib in 9 MCL cell lines and 17 primary MCL cells by flow cytometry after annexin V staining. Sorafenib induced apoptosis in MCL cell lines with a mean LD50 of 11.5 ± 5.0 μM at 24 hours, while at 48 hours decreased to 7.1 ± 2.7 μM. In primary MCL cells, the mean LD50 was 13.0 ± 3.6 μM at 24 hours, while at 48 hours it notably decreased to 9.4 ± 3.4 μM. These data indicated that sorafenib exerted a time- and dose-dependent cytotoxic effect in MCL cells. Both in cell lines and primary MCL cells, sorafenib induces rapid dephosphorylation of the BCR (B-Cell Receptor)-associated tyrosine kinases, SYK and LYN, as well as of FAK, a downstream SRC target involved in focal adhesion. In line with this, we demonstrate a strong synergy when combining sorafenib with the SYK inhibitor, R406. In parallel, we show that sorafenib also blocks Mcl-1 and cyclin D1 translation, which promotes an unbalance between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and facilitates the release of Bax from cyclin D1. This process leads to the induction of the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway and caspase-dependent and independent mechanisms. Moreover, sorafenib inhibits MCL cell migration as well as actin polymerization in response to CXCL12. FAK siRNA-mediated knockdown partially prevents this inhibitory effect, indicating that FAK is a relevant target for the action of sorafenib in MCL cells. Importantly, this compound resensitizes MCL cells cocultured with bone marrow-derived stromal and follicular dendritic-like cells to bortezomib-induced apoptosis indicating that sorafenib was able to antagonize stroma-mediated resistance in MCL. In conclusion, we provide first evidence on the molecular mechanism of action of the multikinase inhibitor sorafenib in MCL. We propose that this compound inhibits cell migration and stroma-mediated bortezomib resistance by interfering BCR signaling and protein translation. All these results suggest that sorafenib, alone or in combination with bortezomib-based therapies, may represent a promising approach for the treatment of MCL patients. Research funding This work was supported by grants from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (SAF 09/9503) and Redes Temáticas de Investigación Cooperativa de Cáncer from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III RED 2006-20-014 (D.C.). S.X-T. is a recipient of predoctoral fellowship from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (FPU) and M.L-G. holds a contract from Fundación Científica de la Asociación Española contra el Cáncer. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.
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Barrachina, F., M. A. Battistone, J. Castillo, C. Mallofré, M. Jodar, S. Breton e R. Oliva. "Sperm acquire epididymis-derived proteins through epididymosomes". Human Reproduction 37, n.º 4 (5 de fevereiro de 2022): 651–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac015.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Are epididymosomes implicated in protein transfer from the epididymis to spermatozoa? SUMMARY ANSWER We characterized the contribution of epididymal secretions to the sperm proteome and demonstrated that sperm acquire epididymal proteins through epididymosomes. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Testicular sperm are immature cells unable to fertilize an oocyte. After leaving the testis, sperm transit along the epididymis to acquire motility and fertilizing abilities. It is well known that marked changes in the sperm proteome profile occur during epididymal maturation. Since the sperm is a transcriptional and translational inert cell, previous studies have shown that sperm incorporate proteins, RNA and lipids from extracellular vesicles (EVs), released by epithelial cells lining the male reproductive tract. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION We examined the contribution of the epididymis to the post-testicular maturation of spermatozoa, via the production of EVs named epididymosomes, released by epididymal epithelial cells. An integrative analysis using both human and mouse data was performed to identify sperm proteins with a potential epididymis-derived origin. Testes and epididymides from adult humans (n = 9) and adult mice (n = 3) were used to experimentally validate the tissue localization of four selected proteins using high-resolution confocal microscopy. Mouse epididymal sperm were co-incubated with carboxyfluorescein succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled epididymosomes (n = 4 mice), and visualized using high-resolution confocal microscopy. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Adult (12-week-old) C57BL/CBAF1 wild-type male mice and adult humans were used for validation purposes. Testes and epididymides from both mice and humans were obtained and processed for immunofluorescence. Mouse epididymal sperm and mouse epididymosomes were obtained from the epididymal cauda segment. Fluorescent epididymosomes were obtained after labeling the epididymal vesicles with CFSE dye followed by epididymosome isolation using a density cushion. Immunofluorescence was performed following co-incubation of sperm with epididymosomes in vitro. High-resolution confocal microscopy and 3D image reconstruction were used to visualize protein localization and sperm-epididymosomes interactions. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Through in silico analysis, we first identified 25 sperm proteins with a putative epididymal origin that were conserved in both human and mouse spermatozoa. From those, the epididymal origin of four sperm proteins (SLC27A2, EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8) was validated by high-resolution confocal microscopy. SLC27A2, EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8 were all detected in epithelial cells lining the human and mouse epididymis, and absent from human and mouse seminiferous tubules. We found region-specific expression patterns of these proteins throughout the mouse epididymides. In addition, while EDDM3B, KRT19 and WFDC8 were detected in both epididymal principal and clear cells (CCs), SLC27A2 was exclusively expressed in CCs. Finally, we showed that CFSE-fluorescently labeled epididymosomes interact with sperm in vitro and about 12–36% of the epididymosomes contain the targeted sperm proteins with an epididymal origin. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION The human and mouse sample size was limited and our results were descriptive. The analyses of epididymal sperm and epididymosomes were solely performed in the mouse model due to the difficulties in obtaining epididymal luminal fluid human samples. Alternatively, human ejaculated sperm and seminal EVs could not be used because ejaculated sperm have already contacted with the fluids secreted by the male accessory sex glands, and seminal EVs contain other EVs in addition to epididymosomes, such as the abundant prostate-derived EVs. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Our findings indicate that epididymosomes are capable of providing spermatozoa with a new set of epididymis-derived proteins that could modulate the sperm proteome and, subsequently, participate in the post-testicular maturation of sperm cells. Additionally, our data provide further evidence of the novel role of epididymal CCs in epididymosome production. Identifying mechanisms by which sperm mature to acquire their fertilization potential would, ultimately, lead to a better understanding of male reproductive health and may help to identify potential therapeutic strategies to improve male infertility. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (Ministerio de Economía y Competividad; fondos FEDER ‘una manera de hacer Europa’ PI13/00699 and PI16/00346 to R.O.; and Sara Borrell Postdoctoral Fellowship, Acción Estratégica en Salud, CD17/00109 to J.C.), by National Institutes of Health (grants HD040793 and HD069623 to S.B., grant HD104672-01 to M.A.B.), by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sports (Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario, FPU15/02306 to F.B.), by a Lalor Foundation Fellowship (to F.B. and M.A.B.), by the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya, pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut, PERIS 2016-2020, SLT002/16/00337 to M.J.), by Fundació Universitària Agustí Pedro i Pons (to F.B.), and by the American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology (PROLAB Award from ASBMB/IUBMB/PABMB to F.B.). Confocal microscopy and transmission electron microscopy was performed in the Microscopy Core facility of the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) Center for Systems Biology/Program in Membrane Biology which receives support from Boston Area Diabetes and Endocrinology Research Center (BADERC) award DK57521 and Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease grant DK43351. The Zeiss LSM800 microscope was acquired using an NIH Shared Instrumentation Grant S10-OD-021577-01. The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.
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Maurice, Ange Anicet, Alberto Bernaldo de Quirós, Sonia Sevilla, Vanesa Muñoz Perales, Pablo Angel Prieto-Diaz, Alberto Emanuel Emanuel Quintero Gamez e Marcos Vera. "Monitoring the State of Charge Imbalance of Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries Via Dual Online UV/Visible Spectroscopy". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2023-01, n.º 46 (28 de agosto de 2023): 2493. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2023-01462493mtgabs.
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Electrolyte imbalance in Redox Flow Batteries (RFBs) is known to result in significant capacity decay over cycling [1]. This drawback is inherent to the flow battery technology and is caused by unwanted physico-chemical phenomena, such as species and water crossover, hydrogen evolution, air oxidation and precipitation of vanadium ions. The time evolution of electrolyte imbalance is often disregarded or underestimated when measuring the open-circuit voltage (OCV) for keeping track of the battery State of Charge (SOC). In order to correct such asymmetry, in operando real-time monitoring of the SOC of the positive and negative electrolytes would be highly desirable. In this work, we present an experimental test bench for the continuous online monitoring of the anolyte and catholyte SOCs via UV/visible spectroscopy during cycling of an all-vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB). The system notably includes 3D printed microfluidic optical flow cells, an optical switch, and an in-house microfluidic electrochemical cell. Key steps for the calibration of UV/visible spectroscopy with vanadium are presented and applied independently to both electrolytes to accurately estimate the SOC while taking into account the total vanadium concentration [2]. An experimental campaign is then carried out under varying conditions (initial average oxidation state (AOS), air oxidation, crossover, etc.) to illustrate the real-time evolution of electrolyte imbalance during VRFB battery cycling. The results suggest that the imbalance may arise from asymmetric initial Average Oxidation State (AOS ≠ 3.5) [3], vanadium crossover and also hydrogen evolution, which notably reduces the charging speed of the negative electrolyte [4]. The results highlight the benefits of UV/Visible spectroscopy to obtain SOC data for any of the three stable vanadium electrolytes: i) negative, VII/VIII ii) positive VIV/VV and even the iii) VIII/VIV pair. Moreover, the measurements are online, non-invasive and could provide real-time data to a battery management system either in conventional or microfluidic VRFBs to correct the SOC imbalance and maintain the battery capacity and efficiency [1]. Acknowledgments This work has been partially funded by FEDER/Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades – Agencia Estatal de Investigación Project PID2019-106740RB-I00, and by Grant IND2019/AMB-17273 of the Comunidad de Madrid. A. A. Maurice Energy acknowledges the support of an MCSF-Cofund “Energy for Future” (E4F) postdoctoral research fellowship by the Spanish Iberdrola Foundation (GA-101034297). References [1] Park, J. H., Park, J. J., Park, O. O., & Yang, J. H. (2016). Capacity decay mitigation by asymmetric positive/negative electrolyte volumes in vanadium redox flow batteries. ChemSusChem, 9(22), 3181-3187. [2] Petchsingh, C., Quill, N., Joyce, J. T., Eidhin, D. N., Oboroceanu, D., Lenihan, C., ... & Buckley, D. N. (2015). Spectroscopic measurement of state of charge in vanadium flow batteries with an analytical model of VIV-VV absorbance. Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 163(1), A5068. [3] Beyer, K., Grosse Austing, J., Satola, B., Di Nardo, T., Zobel, M., & Agert, C. (2020). Electrolyte Imbalance Determination of a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery by Potential‐Step Analysis of the Initial Charging. ChemSusChem, 13(8), 2066-2071. [4] Gandomi, Y. A., Aaron, D. S., & Mench, M. M. (2016). Coupled membrane transport parameters for ionic species in all-vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrochimica Acta, 218, 174-190.
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Cámpora, Juan, Enrique Gutiérrez-Puebla, Jorge A. López, Angeles Monge, Pilar Palma, Diego del Río e Ernesto Carmona. "Cleavage of the Calkyl−Caryl Bond of [Pd−CH2CMe2Ph] Complexes This work was supported by the Dirección General de Enseñanza Superior e Investigación Científica (Project 1FD97-0919), the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia (PFPI grant to D. del Rio), and the Junta de Andalucia. J. A. L. thanks the CONACYT and the University of Guanajuato (Mexico) for a fellowship." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 40, n.º 19 (1 de outubro de 2001): 3641. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20011001)40:19<3641::aid-anie3641>3.0.co;2-9.
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Fernández, Rosario, Ana Ferrete, José M. Lassaletta, José M. Llera e Eloísa Martín-Zamora. "N,N-Dialkylhydrazones as the Imine Component in the Staudinger-Like [2+2] Cycloaddition to Benzyloxyketene We thank the Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (grants BQU 2001-2376 and PPQ 2000-1341) and the Junta de Andalucía for financial support. We also thank the Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia for a doctoral fellowship to A.F." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 41, n.º 5 (1 de março de 2002): 831. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020301)41:5<831::aid-anie831>3.0.co;2-6.
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Canicio, Judith, Eduard Gallardo, Isabel Illa, Xavier Testar, Manuel Palacín, Antonio Zorzano e Perla Kaliman. "p70 S6 Kinase Activation Is Not Required for Insulin-Like Growth Factor-Induced Differentiation of Rat, Mouse, or Human Skeletal Muscle Cells**This work was supported by research grants from the Dirección General de Investigación Científica y Técnica (PB95/0971), Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (97/2101 and 96/0863), and Generalitat de Catalunya (GRQ 94–1040 and 1995 SGR 537), Spain; a postdoctoral fellowship from Comissionat per a Universitats i Recerca, Generalitat de Catalunya (to P.K.); and a predoctoral fellowship from the Ministerio de Educación y Cultura (to J.C.)." Endocrinology 139, n.º 12 (1 de dezembro de 1998): 5042–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/endo.139.12.6360.
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Ruohonen, Suvi T., Francisco Gaytan, Andrea Usseglio Gaudi, Inmaculada Velasco, Krisztina Kukoricza, Cecilia Perdices-Lopez, Delphine Franssen et al. "Selective loss of kisspeptin signaling in oocytes causes progressive premature ovulatory failure". Human Reproduction 37, n.º 4 (17 de janeiro de 2022): 806–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deab287.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Does direct kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte have a role in the control of follicular dynamics and ovulation? SUMMARY ANSWER Kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte plays a relevant physiological role in the direct control of ovulation; oocyte-specific ablation of kisspeptin receptor, Gpr54, induces a state of premature ovulatory failure in mice that recapitulates some features of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI). WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Kisspeptins, encoded by the Kiss1 gene, are essential for the control of ovulation and fertility, acting primarily on hypothalamic GnRH neurons to stimulate gonadotropin secretion. However, kisspeptins and their receptor, Gpr54, are also expressed in the ovary of different mammalian species, including humans, where their physiological roles remain contentious and poorly characterized. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A novel mouse line with conditional ablation of Gpr54 in oocytes, named OoGpr54−/−, was generated and studied in terms of follicular and ovulatory dynamics at different age-points of postnatal maturation. A total of 59 OoGpr54−/− mice and 47 corresponding controls were analyzed. In addition, direct RNA sequencing was applied to ovarian samples from 8 OoGpr54−/− and 7 control mice at 6 months of age, and gonadotropin priming for ovulatory induction was conducted in mice (N = 7) from both genotypes. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Oocyte-selective ablation of Gpr54 in the oocyte was achieved in vivo by crossing a Gdf9-driven Cre-expressing transgenic mouse line with a Gpr54 LoxP mouse line. The resulting OoGpr54−/− mouse line was subjected to phenotypic, histological, hormonal and molecular analyses at different age-points of postnatal maturation (Day 45, and 2, 4, 6 and 10–11 months of age), in order to characterize the timing of puberty, ovarian follicular dynamics and ovulation, with particular attention to identification of features reminiscent of POI. The molecular signature of ovaries from OoGpr54−/− mice was defined by direct RNA sequencing. Ovulatory responses to gonadotropin priming were also assessed in OoGpr54−/− mice. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE Oocyte-specific ablation of Gpr54 caused premature ovulatory failure, with some POI-like features. OoGpr54−/− mice had preserved puberty onset, without signs of hypogonadism. However, already at 2 months of age, 40% of OoGpr54−/− females showed histological features reminiscent of ovarian failure and anovulation. Penetrance of the phenotype progressed with age, with >80% and 100% of OoGpr54−/− females displaying complete ovulatory failure by 6- and 10 months, respectively. This occurred despite unaltered hypothalamic Gpr54 expression and gonadotropin levels. Yet, OoGpr54−/− mice had decreased sex steroid levels. While the RNA signature of OoGpr54−/− ovaries was dominated by the anovulatory state, oocyte-specific ablation of Gpr54 significantly up- or downregulated of a set of 21 genes, including those encoding pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, Wnt-10B, matrix-metalloprotease-12, vitamin A-related factors and calcium-activated chloride channel-2, which might contribute to the POI-like state. Notably, the anovulatory state of young OoGpr54−/− mice could be rescued by gonadotropin priming. LARGE SCALE DATA N/A. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Conditional ablation of Gpr54 in oocytes unambiguously caused premature ovulatory failure in mice; yet, the ultimate molecular mechanisms for such state of POI can be only inferred on the basis of RNAseq data and need further elucidation, since some of the molecular changes observed in OoGpr54−/− ovaries were secondary to the anovulatory state. Direct translation of mouse findings to human disease should be made with caution since, despite the conserved expression of Kiss1/kisspeptin and Gpr54 in rodents and humans, our mouse model does not recapitulate all features of common forms of POI. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS Deregulation of kisspeptin signaling in the oocyte might be an underlying, and previously unnoticed, cause for some forms of POI in women. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was primarily supported by a grant to M.P. and M.T.-S. from the FiDiPro (Finnish Distinguished Professor) Program of the Academy of Finland. Additional financial support came from grant BFU2017-83934-P (M.T.-S.; Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad, Spain; co-funded with EU funds/FEDER Program), research funds from the IVIRMA International Award in Reproductive Medicine (M.T.-S.), and EFSD Albert Renold Fellowship Programme (S.T.R.). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare in relation to the contents of this work. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Concellón, José M., Humberto Rodríguez-Solla e Cecilia Gómez. "Complete Stereospecific Cyclopropanation of α,β-Unsaturated Amides Promoted by Sm/CH2I2 We acknowledge financial support from II Plan Regional de Investigación del Principado de Asturias (PB-EXP01-11) and Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (BQU2001-3807). We thank Dr. Francisco J. González for valuable discussions and Robin Walker for revising the English manuscript. J.M.C. thanks Carmen Fernández-Flórez for her time. H.R.S. thanks Principado de Asturias for a predoctoral fellowship." Angewandte Chemie 114, n.º 11 (3 de junho de 2002): 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3757(20020603)114:11<1997::aid-ange1997>3.0.co;2-s.
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Concellón, José M., Humberto Rodríguez-Solla e Cecilia Gómez. "Complete Stereospecific Cyclopropanation of α,β-Unsaturated Amides Promoted by Sm/CH2I2 We acknowledge financial support from II Plan Regional de Investigación del Principado de Asturias (PB-EXP01-11) and Ministerio de Ciencia y Tecnología (BQU2001-3807). We thank Dr. Francisco J. González for valuable discussions and Robin Walker for revising the English manuscript. J.M.C. thanks Carmen Fernández-Flórez for her time. H.R.S. thanks Principado de Asturias for a predoctoral fellowship." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 41, n.º 11 (3 de junho de 2002): 1917. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020603)41:11<1917::aid-anie1917>3.0.co;2-1.
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Stahl, Jürgen, James C. Bohling, Eike B. Bauer, Thomas B. Peters, Wolfgang Mohr, José M. Martín-Alvarez, Frank Hampel e John A. Gladysz. "sp Carbon Chains Surrounded by sp3 Carbon Double Helices: A Class of Molecules that are Accessible by Self-Assembly and Models for “Insulated” Molecular-Scale Devices We thank the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 583), Johnson Matthey PMC (platinum loan), the Spanish Ministerio de Educación y Ciencia, and the Fulbright Commission (Fellowships, J.M.M.-A.) for support, and Dr. A. M. Arif for assistance with the analysis of one crystal structure." Angewandte Chemie International Edition 41, n.º 11 (3 de junho de 2002): 1871. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1521-3773(20020603)41:11<1871::aid-anie1871>3.0.co;2-v.
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Cotherman, Charles E. "To Think Christianly: A History of L'Abri". Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith 73, n.º 3 (setembro de 2021): 186–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.56315/pscf9-21cotherman.
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TO THINK CHRISTIANLY: A History of L'Abri, Regent College, and the Christian Study Center Movement by Charles E. Cotherman. Downers Grove, IL: IVP Academic, 2020. 320 pages. Hardcover; $35.00. ISBN: 9780830852826. *How do Christians studying at secular universities, where religion is either ignored or attacked, achieve an integral Christian perspective on their areas of study and future careers? Charles Cotherman presents a first-rate history of one way that Christians have sought to answer this question, namely, in establishing Christian study centers on or adjacent to university campuses. *The Christian study center movement (CSCM) in North America arose to teach and guide Christians in how to think and behave Christianly in all areas and professions of life, by drawing upon the insights of biblical and theological studies. Cotherman defines such a study center as "a local Christian community dedicated to spiritual, intellectual and relational flourishing via the cultivation of deep spirituality, intellectual and artistic engagement, and cultivation of hospitable presence" (p. 8). He rightly contends that the roots of the CSCM movement are found in two institutions: L'Abri Fellowship in Switzerland (founded 1955) and Regent College in Vancouver (founded 1968). In Part 1, Innovation, he presents the history of these two institutions. *In chapter one, Cotherman gives an account of the birth and development of L'Abri under the leadership of Francis and Edith Schaeffer. As missionaries to an increasingly secular Europe, their encounter with its culture, art, and philosophical ideas led Francis to contextualize the gospel--as an evangelical Presbyterian minister rooted in the Reformed faith--in an intellectually honest fashion to people influenced by this culture. L'Abri's ministry was so effective because of two other equally important features: the practice of a deep spirituality amidst the rhythms of everyday life, and the practice of relationships in a hospitable community, both of which Francis and Edith were instrumental in shaping. As more people visited L'Abri and were helped in their faith or accepted the gospel, it became known in the wider evangelical Christian world. This gave rise to branches of L'Abri being established in other nations, and to Christians seeking to establish communities on university campuses that embodied L'Abri's intellectual, spiritual, and relational strengths. *In chapter two, Cotherman presents the history of the rise of Regent College and its progress toward financial and academic stability at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. The first principal, James Houston, played a key role in attracting good faculty and in shaping the curriculum to educate laypeople in the Christian worldview for their secular careers. It provided students with a strong sense of community and vital spirituality. Regent also sought to be a witness to and partner with the university by purchasing property on the campus and by obtaining university affiliation. With the decline in enrollment for lay theological education in the 1970s, Regent survived by offering the MDiv degree (1978), attracting new students preparing for pastoral ministry. When other attempts at establishing Christian colleges and Christian study centers were initiated at other universities, Houston served to encourage and guide such ventures by drawing upon Regent's experience. *Inspired by the vision and community of L'Abri and by the success of Regent College, Christians ministering at other university campuses sought to establish "evangelical living and learning centers" on or near the campuses of state universities (p. 91). Part 2, Replication, gives an account of three such CSCM ventures: (1) the C. S. Lewis Institute (initially at the University of Maryland, later in downtown Washington, DC); (2) New College, Berkeley; and (3) the Center for Christian Study at the University of Virginia, Charlottesville. Cotherman also includes in this section a chapter on the history and progress of Ligonier Ministries under the leadership and teaching gifts of R. C. Sproul (initially in Pennsylvania, then in Orlando, Florida). Although originally modelled after L'Abri as a lay-teaching retreat center in a rural setting, Ligonier's move to Orlando marked a shift to a ministry focused on Sproul's teaching gifts in (Reformed) theological education that concentrated on video and print materials. The history of Ligonier is clearly the outlier here. Perhaps Cotherman includes it because it began as a retreat center for students, but it gradually became focused on general lay theological education, especially after its move to Orlando. *The three Christian university learning centers all began with grand visions of providing university-level education to aid students, studying at the large universities, in formulating a worldview to enable them to integrate their Christian faith with their academic and professional education. Although these three sought to become free-standing colleges with high-quality faculty, to teach courses during the academic year, and in summer study institutes, the challenges of raising funds, attracting full-time faculty, and finding permanent facilities resulted in all of them having to scale back their plans. The Lewis Institute turned its attention to relational learning, eventually establishing regional centers in eighteen cities; New College, Berkeley, became an affiliate, nondegree granting institution of the Graduate Theological Union, being the evangelical voice there; and the Center for Christian Study shifted its focus to being an inviting and hospitable place for study, formation, and relationships in its building on the edge of the campus. All three found that replicating a Regent College was a much more difficult project than they had originally thought. *Cotherman notes that all four attempts of the CSCM, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, ran into the new reality: American Christians were not willing to take a year off their careers to study for a nonaccredited diploma. Students were more interested in getting degrees that had financial payoffs. The most successful venture was the Center for Christian Study, which used the building it purchased as a hub for various Christian ministries at the university, and as a center for hospitality to Christian and non-Christian students. The Charlottesville Center became a catalyst for the formation of the Consortium of Christian Study Centers across North America. This included not only the three university centers mentioned above, but also numerous others that had arisen on university campuses. Many of the centers became convinced that "the path forward was more a matter of faithful presence through deeply rooted, engaged and hospitable relationships and institutions than it was about the apologetics or cultural bluster that had defined some aspects of the movement in its early days" (p. 252). *Cotherman's concluding chapter notes that the CSCM has largely focused on ministries of faithful presence and generous hospitality, with the goal of holistic flourishing at the universities that they serve. Such flourishing includes helping Christian students to cultivate the ability to think Christianly about current issues and their vocations as they engage the pluralistic ideologies, cultural practices, and neo-pagan practices on university campuses. Cotherman rightly observes that, while both L'Abri and Regent College inspired many to establish such centers, it was Regent that had played the prominent role as a model for those aiming to guide students and to interact with modern secular universities. L'Abri was focused around the unique community that the Schaeffers created and the giftedness of Francis and Edith, but L'Abri failed to interact with the wider academic world. In striving to be a Christian presence on campus, Regent was the appropriate model for the CSCM. *The details of the historical accounts in the book serve to remind the reader that, while grandiose visions and goals drove many in the movement, their reduced aspirations led to the CSCM being better suited to effective witnessing, appropriate educating, and faithful service to students and lay-people today. Any who would start such a Christian study center or who wonder how an existing one can survive should read this book and learn the lessons from the history of the ventures presented. Humility in one's plans and small beginnings are appropriate for any such ministry to avoid the mistakes of the centers presented. *While Cotherman touches on the rising antagonism to Christianity and Christians on university campuses, he fails to provide significant treatment of this new challenge that the CSCM faces. I think we can imply from this fine book that, as the CSCM movement adapted to the new realities in the latter part of the twentieth century, it can also adapt to the intensified attacks on the Christian faith in the twenty-first century. While the challenges ahead are great for Christian university ministries, Christian witness has the resources of the word of God, the wisdom of the Spirit, and the motivation of the gospel which continue to guide biblical discipleship and faithful witness. This historical survey by Cotherman can serve as an encouragement to campus ministry for our increasingly secularized western culture. *Reviewed by Guenther ("Gene") Haas, Professor Emeritus, Religion and Theology Department, Redeemer University, Ancaster, ON L9K 1J4.
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"Address of the President, Sir Michael Atiyah, O. M., given at the Anniversary Meeting on 30 November 1995". Notes and Records of the Royal Society of London 50, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 1996): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsnr.1996.0009.
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The President’s Anniversary Address to the Society provides an occasion for reflection on matters of importance to science, particularly those of the previous year. The address is a personal one, not a collective statement of Royal Society policy, but the restraints of office have to be borne in mind. The President has to face his fellow Officers and Council during the next year, and he has to retain the confidence of the Fellowship. But these restrictions do not apply at his farewell address, his swan song which terminates his role before the evening is out. In other words, as an outgoing President, I can speak more freely and not weigh up my words with too much diplomatic tact. This is my last chance to emphasize the things I think are really important and to provide some food for thought for my successors. Too often we have to react to external events, to short-term crises, to financial cuts or to ministerial changes. In this semi-political world in which the scientific community has to operate we are in danger of losing our way and our identity. The scientific ethos becomes increasingly hard to discern. So today I would like to discuss some of the major issues of principle that we face.
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Muqit, MMK, e AJ Larner. "Matthew Baillie (1761–1823): From Shotts to Duntisbourne Abbots". Scottish Medical Journal, 11 de abril de 2022, 003693302210937. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00369330221093752.
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Matthew Baillie was born in Shotts, Lanarkshire, Scotland in 1761 and died at Duntisbourne Abbots, Gloucestershire, England in 1823. In the intervening years he established himself as one of the foremost anatomists of his day, publishing one of the earliest treatises on pathological anatomy, and then as physician, eventually ministering to the Royal household and other notable patients and earning a considerable fortune in the process. Amongst his many honours he received an Honorary Fellowship of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, where he is commemorated in the frieze in the Great Hall. This article follows the trajectory of his career, introducing material not found in previous biographies.
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Oderinde, Peter Ayoola. "Disembodied Congregations: Covid-19 and the Rising Phenomenon of Internet Churches among Pentecostal Churches in Lagos, Nigeria". Religion and Development, 12 de julho de 2023, 1–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30965/27507955-20230009.
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Abstract One could argue that smartphones and computers are an intrinsic part of our daily lives. However, the sudden boom of online fellowships is a recent event in the history of Nigerian Pentecostalism. In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, the Nigerian government issued several bans on large gatherings and public religious worship. For example, many Pentecostal churches suspended physical meetings and at first only posted sermons online before turning to Zoom to hold services and, much later, small-group meetings through online applications to serve as the “synagogues”. Therefore, many Pentecostal churches in Nigeria were confronted with new problems of organising, ministering and catering for the spiritual needs of their members. This article addresses these challenges by drawing data from a combination of community observation and interviews with mostly Pentecostal church members. To understand the effects of the coronavirus pandemic on religious gathering in Lagos State, 15 semi-structured interviews were carried out through voice-note messages due to lockdown and physical distancing rules.
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Barrachina, Ferran, Alberto de la Iglesia, Meritxell Jodar, Ada Soler-Ventura, Carme Mallofré, Leonardo Rodriguez-Carunchio, Afsaneh Goudarzi et al. "Histone H4 acetylation is dysregulated in active seminiferous tubules adjacent to testicular tumours". Human Reproduction, 9 de junho de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac130.
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Abstract STUDY QUESTION Is histone H4 acetylation (H4ac) altered in the seminiferous tubules of patients affected by testicular tumours? SUMMARY ANSWER A considerable dysregulation of H4ac was detected in the cells of the seminiferous tubules adjacent to testicular tumours of different aetiology and prior to any treatment, while no comparable alterations were observed in patients with disrupted spermatogenesis. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Altered H4ac levels have been associated with a variety of testicular pathological conditions. However, no information has been available regarding potential alterations in the spermatogenic cells adjacent to the neoplasia in testicular tumour patients. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective analysis using testicular sections from 33 men aged between 21 and 74 years old was performed. Three study groups were defined and subjected to double-blind evaluation: a control group with normal spermatogenesis (n = 6), patients with testicular tumours (n = 18) and patients with spermatogenic impairments (n = 8). One additional sample with normal spermatogenesis was used as a technical internal control in all evaluations. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Immunohistochemistry against H4ac and, when needed, Placental-like alkaline phosphatase and CD117, was performed on testicular sections. The H4ac H-score, based on the percentage of detection and signal intensity, was used as the scoring method for statistical analyses. Protein expression data from the Human Protein Atlas were used to compare the expression levels of predicted secreted proteins from testicular tumours with those present in the normal tissue. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE We revealed, for the first time, a dramatic disruption of the spermatogenic H4ac pattern in unaffected seminiferous tubule cells from different testicular tumour patients prior to any antineoplastic treatment, as compared to controls (P < 0.05). Since no similar alterations were associated with spermatogenic impairments and the in silico analysis revealed proteins potentially secreted by the tumour to the testicular stroma, we propose a potential paracrine effect of the neoplasia as a mechanistic hypothesis for this dysregulation. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Statistical analyses were not performed on the hypospermatogenesis and Leydig cell tumour groups due to limited availability of samples. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report showing an epigenetic alteration in cells from active seminiferous tubules adjacent to tumour cells in testicular tumour patients. Our results suggest that, despite presenting spermatogenic activity, the global epigenetic dysregulation found in the testicular tumour patients could lead to molecular alterations of the male germ cells. Since testicular tumours are normally diagnosed in men at reproductive age, H4ac alterations might have an impact when these testicular tumour patients express a desire for fatherhood. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by the European Union Marie Curie European Training Network actions and by grants to R.O. from the ‘Ministerio de Economía y Competividad (Spain)’ (fondos FEDER ‘una manera de hacer Europa’, PI13/00699, PI16/00346 and PI20/00936) and from EU-FP7-PEOPLE-2011-ITN289880. J.C. was supported by the Sara Borrell Postdoctoral Fellowship, Acción Estratégica en Salud, CD17/00109. J.C. is a Serra Húnter fellow (Universitat de Barcelona, Generalitat de Catalunya). F.B. has received grants from the Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte para la Formación de Profesorado Universitario (Spain) (FPU15/02306). A.d.l.I. is supported by a fellowship of the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Spain) (PFIS, FI17/00224). M.J. is supported by the Government of Catalonia (Generalitat de Catalunya, pla estratègic de recerca i innovació en salut, PERIS 2016-2020, SLT002/16/00337). The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Bistaffa, Edoardo, Alba Marín-Moreno, Juan Carlos Espinosa, Chiara Maria Giulia De Luca, Federico Angelo Cazzaniga, Sara Maria Portaleone, Luigi Celauro et al. "PMCA-generated prions from the olfactory mucosa of patients with Fatal Familial Insomnia cause prion disease in mice". eLife 10 (14 de abril de 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.65311.
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Background:Fatal Familial Insomnia (FFI) is a genetic prion disease caused by the D178N mutation in the prion protein gene (PRNP) in coupling phase with methionine at PRNP 129. In 2017, we have shown that the olfactory mucosa (OM) collected from FFI patients contained traces of PrPSc detectable by Protein Misfolding Cyclic Amplification (PMCA).Methods:In this work, we have challenged PMCA-generated products obtained from OM and brain homogenate of FFI patients in BvPrP-Tg407 transgenic mice expressing the bank vole prion protein to test their ability to induce prion pathology.Results:All inoculated mice developed mild spongiform changes, astroglial activation, and PrPSc deposition mainly affecting the thalamus. However, their neuropathological alterations were different from those found in the brain of BvPrP-Tg407 mice injected with raw FFI brain homogenate.Conclusions:Although with some experimental constraints, we show that PrPSc present in OM of FFI patients is potentially infectious.Funding:This work was supported in part by the Italian Ministry of Health (GR-2013-02355724 and Ricerca Corrente), MJFF, ALZ, Alzheimer’s Research UK and the Weston Brain Institute (BAND2015), and Euronanomed III (SPEEDY) to FM; by the Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (grant AGL2016-78054-R [AEI/FEDER, UE]) to JMT and JCE; AM-M was supported by a fellowship from the INIA (FPI-SGIT-2015-02).
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Mujinga, Martin. "Ruwadzano/Manyano: A Transformational Women’s Movement of the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe 1920–2020". Studia Historiae Ecclesiasticae, 22 de junho de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25159/2412-4265/10620.
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From its inception, the Methodist Church in Zimbabwe (MCZ) was characterised by male-dominating leadership positions, whereas its growth and development were mostly through women’s ministry. Ruwadzano/Manyano, an indigenous women’s movement which started in the 1920s, was an evangelistic initiative of the missionaries’ wives to attract local women and families into the church. The movement grew from an organisation of the ordinary, less privileged women to define the majority of the church membership. Although the establishment of Ruwadzano/Manyano was meant to separate White from Black women’s activities (as most Black women were maids), the zeal for the organisation by the native women led the movement to be a hub of transformation. Ruwadzano/Manyano was inspired by the women’s Manyano movement in the Methodist Church of Southern Africa that had managed to give status to the housemaids as they came together in prayer, fellowship and Bible study. This paper argues that although the movement emerged from humble beginnings, it contributed significantly to the development of Methodism in Zimbabwe, the transformation of communities, the socioeconomic emancipation of women and the numerical growth of the church. Ruwadzano/Manyano constitutes more than half of the Methodist membership; yet, its history is not known by the majority of its members. This paper aims to inform readers about the history and impact of Ruwadzano/Manyano in the Zimbabwean religious and socioeconomic landscape. The study that directed this paper used qualitative research to conclude that the development of Methodism in Zimbabwe would not have been possible without Ruwadzano/Manyano ministering from the margins of a patriarchal society.
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Berenguer, Gemma, William B. Haskell e Lei Li. "Managing Volunteers and Paid Workers in a Nonprofit Operation". Management Science, 6 de outubro de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4923.
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Some nonprofit organizations (NPOs) manage a complex workforce composed of a mix of volunteers, part-time workers, and full-time workers. We study the NPO’s finite-horizon staffing problem to determine the optimal initial staff planning decisions and per period optimal hiring and assignment decisions given a budget, capacity constraints, and an uncertain supply of volunteers and part-time workers. Our main goal is to solve this problem in a way that is effective and easy to implement while obtaining interesting managerial insights. To this end, we first demonstrate that the optimal staffing policies are computationally challenging to identify in general. However, we demonstrate that a prioritization assignment policy and a hire-up-to policy for part-time workers can be conveniently applied and are close to optimal. These policies are, in fact, optimal under staff scarcity and staff sufficiency. In our numerical analysis, we study the value and impact of the general optimal solution that considers flexibility and turnover of part-time workers versus the prioritization assignment policy and a constant hire-up-to policy that omit flexibility and turnover behaviors. We further suggest two easy-to-implement heuristics and theoretically analyze them and run a numerical performance study. We observe that both heuristics have low relative optimality gaps. Finally, we extend our analysis by studying how the optimal policy varies under three different practical considerations: a concave social value objective, nonzero volunteer costs, and dynamic volunteer behaviors. This paper was accepted by Jayashankar Swaminathan, operations management. Funding: This work was supported by the Comunidad de Madrid [Grant EPUC3M12], the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación [Grant PID2021-127657NA-I00], and the Ramon y Cajal Fellowship [RYC2020-029303-I]. Supplemental Material: The data files and online appendices are available at https://doi.org/10.1287/mnsc.2023.4923 .
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Moncunill, Gemma, Jason Carnes, William Chad Young, Lindsay Carpp, Stephen De Rosa, Joseph J. Campo, Augusto Nhabomba et al. "Transcriptional correlates of malaria in RTS,S/AS01-vaccinated African children: a matched case–control study". eLife 11 (21 de janeiro de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/elife.70393.
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Background:In a phase 3 trial in African infants and children, the RTS,S/AS01 vaccine (GSK) showed moderate efficacy against clinical malaria. We sought to further understand RTS,S/AS01-induced immune responses associated with vaccine protection.Methods:Applying the blood transcriptional module (BTM) framework, we characterized the transcriptomic response to RTS,S/AS01 vaccination in antigen-stimulated (and vehicle control) peripheral blood mononuclear cells sampled from a subset of trial participants at baseline and month 3 (1-month post-third dose). Using a matched case–control study design, we evaluated which of these ‘RTS,S/AS01 signature BTMs’ associated with malaria case status in RTS,S/AS01 vaccinees. Antigen-specific T-cell responses were analyzed by flow cytometry. We also performed a cross-study correlates analysis where we assessed the generalizability of our findings across three controlled human malaria infection studies of healthy, malaria-naive adult RTS,S/AS01 recipients.Results:RTS,S/AS01 vaccination was associated with downregulation of B-cell and monocyte-related BTMs and upregulation of T-cell-related BTMs, as well as higher month 3 (vs. baseline) circumsporozoite protein-specific CD4+ T-cell responses. There were few RTS,S/AS01-associated BTMs whose month 3 levels correlated with malaria risk. In contrast, baseline levels of BTMs associated with dendritic cells and with monocytes (among others) correlated with malaria risk. The baseline dendritic cell- and monocyte-related BTM correlations with malaria risk appeared to generalize to healthy, malaria-naive adults.Conclusions:A prevaccination transcriptomic signature associates with malaria in RTS,S/AS01-vaccinated African children, and elements of this signature may be broadly generalizable. The consistent presence of monocyte-related modules suggests that certain monocyte subsets may inhibit protective RTS,S/AS01-induced responses.Funding:Funding was obtained from the NIH-NIAID (R01AI095789), NIH-NIAID (U19AI128914), PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiative (MVI), and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Instituto de Salud Carlos III, PI11/00423 and PI14/01422). The RNA-seq project has been funded in whole or in part with Federal funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under grant number U19AI110818 to the Broad Institute. This study was also supported by the Vaccine Statistical Support (Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation award INV-008576/OPP1154739 to R.G.). C.D. was the recipient of a Ramon y Cajal Contract from the Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (RYC-2008-02631). G.M. was the recipient of a Sara Borrell–ISCIII fellowship (CD010/00156) and work was performed with the support of Department of Health, Catalan Government grant (SLT006/17/00109). This research is part of the ISGlobal’s Program on the Molecular Mechanisms of Malaria which is partially supported by the Fundación Ramón Areces and we acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation through the ‘Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019–2023’ Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program.
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Sanchez‐Romero, Natalia, Cristina Arias, Laura Martinez, Pilar Torcal, Manuel Sanchez‐Zalabardo, Pablo Iñigo e Ignacio Gimenez. "Generation Of A New Renal Nephrotoxicity Model By Using A Microfluidic System". FASEB Journal 30, S1 (abril de 2016). http://dx.doi.org/10.1096/fasebj.30.1_supplement.lb731.
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AimTo generate a biomimicking cell culture system to study the toxicity caused by exposure to cisplatin and the process of reparation‐regeneration after the injury, in proximal tubule cells grown in microfluidic devices.MethodsPrimary cultures of human proximal tubule cells (hPTPC) are generated from healthy tissue isolated from nephrectomy specimens. The hPTPC are cultured on conventional cell culture containers or inside the channels in polysterene microfluidic devices. Morphological and biochemical characterization of the cultured cells is performed by using PCR, immunofluorescence (IF) and immunocytochemistry (ICC) to verify the expression of selected proximal tubule and epithelial markers.Confluent hPTPC monolayers are exposed to six cisplatin concentrations in the 0–300 uM range. Cisplatin citotoxicity is assessed by determining three parameters in two different optical reactions: the first assay combines PrestoBlue reagent, a cell viability indicator, with a gamma‐glutamyl transferase 1 (GGT1) substrate. GGT1 is a specific luminal border enzyme in hPTPC and is responsible for the bioactivation of cisplatin into a more potent toxin. In the second assay, cell number is estimated through nuclear DNAstaining with crystal violet.ResultsThe phenotyping techniques have been optimized to work with the small volumes and cell numbers present in microfluidic devices. Biochemical characterization of hPTPC through multiplex analysis of phenotypic markers shows these cells retain the most relevant PT markers when cultured in microfluidic channels.Cisplatin exhibits cytotoxicity on hPTPC when grown on multiwell plates or microfluidic channels. The EC50 was found to be 30–50 μM for the three parameters determined in our assay. Maximal effects were observed in approximately 48–72h after exposure to cisplatin. Our data suggest that hPTPC cultures do not possess autoregenerative capacity. The cytotoxicity model has been successfully adapted for its use in microfluidic devices, with preliminary data showing no change in hPTPC sensitivity to cisplatin.Conclusions The phenotypic characterization of our hPTPC confirms typical characteristics of proximal tubule, and its preservation in cells cultured on microfluidic channels. The effects of cisplatin are time and concentration dependent. Simultaneous reading of assays for cell viability, enzymatic activity, and cell numbers in hPTPC allow us to perform studies of renal toxicity and repair in cells grown inside microfluidic devices. This is the first step towards a cell culture model for the study of proximal tubule physiology and physiopathology under biomimicking conditions that will include exposure to flow‐mediated shear stress. Support or Funding InformationSpain's Ministerio de Economía, grant DPI2011‐28262/C02 and fellowship BEP‐2012‐059562 (to NS‐R)
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Aldoma, A., M. Manuel Sanchez-De-La-Torre, E. Gracia-Lavedan, ID Benitez, A. Zapater, G. Torres, A. Sanchez-De-La-Torre et al. "Long-term effect of obstructive sleep apnea and CPAP treatment on blood pressure control in patients after acute coronary syndrome". European Journal of Preventive Cardiology 29, Supplement_1 (1 de maio de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/eurjpc/zwac056.096.
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Abstract Funding Acknowledgements Type of funding sources: Private grant(s) and/or Sponsorship. Main funding source(s): Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII) (PI10/02763, PI10/02745, PI18/00449, PI19/00907), co-funded by FEDER “Una manera de hacer Europa”, SEPAR, Catalonian Cardiology Society, ResMed Ltd. (Australia), EsteveTeijin (Spain), Oxigen Salud (Spain), Associació Lleidatana de Respiratori (ALLER), CIBERES. MS received financial support from a "Ramón y Cajal" grant (RYC2019-027831-I) from the“Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación - Agencia Estatal de Investigación” co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF)/“Investing in your future”. AZ held the predoctoral fellowship “Ajuts 2021 de Promoció de la Recerca en Salut-9ª edició” from IRBLleida/Diputació de Lleida. JdB acknowledges receiving financial support from ISCIII (Miguel Servet 2019: CP19/00108), co-funded by the European Social Fund (ESF), “Investing in your future”. Rationale Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is prevalent in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients and is a cause of secondary hypertension. Objectives To evaluate the long-term effects of OSA and CPAP treatment on blood pressure (BP) control in patients discharged after an ACS. Methods Post hoc analysis of the ISAACC study included 1803 patients admitted for ACS (NCT01335087). Patients with OSA (apnea-hypopnea index ≥15 events/h) were randomly assigned to receive either CPAP or/and usual care and followed up for one to 5 years. Office BP was determined at each visit. Measurements and Main Results We included 596 patients without OSA, 605 patients in the CPAP group, and 602 patients in the usual care group. 52% of the patients had a diagnosis of hypertension at baseline. Median age and body mass index were 59 [52.0;67.0] years and 28.2 [25.6;31.2] kg/m2, respectively. After a median [25th;75th percentile] follow-up of 41.2 [18.3;59.6] months, BP changes were similar between OSA and non-OSA groups. However, we observed an increase in BP in the third tertile of the AHI (AHI>40 events/h) with a maximum difference in mean BP of +3.3 mmHg at 30 months. OSA patients with good CPAP adherence (≥4 hours/night) reduced mean BP after 18 months compared to non-OSA and poor CPAP adherence patients, maximum mean difference (95% CI) of -4.7 (-6.7,-2.7) mmHg. In patients with severe OSA we observed a maximum mean difference of -7.1 (-10.3,-3.8) mmHg. Conclusions In patients discharged after an ACS, severe OSA is associated with a long-term increase in BP, which is reduced by good CPAP adherence.
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Fuentes-Calvo, Isabel, Joana del Valle Mercado Hernández, Óscar Pellicer-Valero, Giampiero A. Massaro, Alfredo G. Casanova, María Paniagua Sancho, Mykola Harvat, José D. Martín, Francisco J. Lopez-Hernandez e Carlos Martinez Salgado. "#1413 High performance of ACLARA calculator of rat creatinine clearance for the chronic follow up of renal function". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 39, Supplement_1 (maio de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae069.1360.
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Abstract Background and Aims A neural network-based calculator to estimate rat creatinine clearance (ClCr), as a measurement of the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), from paired plasma creatinine concentration and body weight data has been recently developed [1]. Like human GFR estimating formulae, ACLARA averts long experimental procedures and reduces animal stress (by obviating the use of individual isolation in metabolic cages). This tool is publicly available for free use among the scientific community (https://idal.uv.es/aclara/). When collated with experimentally measured ClCr, ACLARA performs very well at comparing experiments in the whole, showing almost identical behavior of all experimental groups and conditions. Yet, ACLARA was trained mostly with data from short experiments involving acute changes in renal function, and from young rats. Fewer data from older animals was included in the development of the calculator. Thus, its field performance on longer evolution of renal function in adult rats has not yet been sufficiently validated. Accordingly, the aim of this work was to deepen in the assessment of ACLARA in the long-term evolution of rat ClCr. Method The evolution of measured (mClCr) versus ACLARA-estimated ClCr (eClCr) was compared at different time points over a period of 3 months in 20 male Wistar rats with chronic renal damage and 8 age-matched controls. In total, 176 data pairs of mClCr and eClCr were obtained. On the one hand, mClCr was determined by the usual experimental procedure [2]. Briefly, rats were allocated in metabolic cages to obtain 24-hour urine samples and urine flow (UF). Creatinine concentration was measured in the urine (Cru) and plasma (Crp) by a colorimetric assay based on the Jaffe's reaction, and mCrCl was then calculated as Cru x UF / Crp. On the other hand, eClCr was estimated with the ACLARA calculator from the corresponding Crp and body weight data. A Pearson's correlation study between mClCr and eClCr was carried out. Results Our results reveal that the information provided by the 90-day evolution of mClCr and eClCr is virtually identical at the whole experiment level (see Fig. 1). Furthermore, ACLARA seems to provide slightly more coherent and homogeneous information, as the considerable experimental error introduced by urine collection is averted in eClCr but present in mClCr. At the individual data level, ACLARA-estimated values are slightly lower than the corresponding measurements. The correlation between mClCr and eClCr was highly significant (r Pearson= 0.83; p < 0.0001). Conclusion ACLARA shows high performance at estimating CrCl in rats of growing age. Our results support its use also in chronic studies in which renal function must be evaluated. Funding This research was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PI21/01226 and PI21/00548 co-funded by the European Union; and RICORS2040, RD21/0005/0004, co-funded by the European Union – NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia (MRR)) and from Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León (IES160P20), co-funded by FEDER funds. Joana Mercado-Hernández is recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Junta de Castilla y Leon (Spain) and the European Social Fund from the European Commission.
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Baranda-Alonso, Eva M., Isabel Fuentes-Calvo, Noelia Diaz-Morales, Sandra M. Sancho Martinez, Carlos Martinez Salgado e Francisco J. Lopez-Hernandez. "#1408 Dehydration cannot substitute for any of the triple whammy drugs to cause acute kidney injury". Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation 39, Supplement_1 (maio de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfae069.1111.
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Abstract Background and Aims Polymedication in patients with chronic diseases, such as hypertension, can lead to undesired drug interactions. The combination of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) with diuretics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) can cause triple whammy (TW)-induced acute kidney injury (TW-AKI). Up to 9% of hypertensive patients used NSAIDs in combination with ACEIs / ARBs and diuretics. AKI has a mortality rate of 40% and TW increases the risk of AKI by 30% compared to the combination of only two drugs. In addition, TW-AKI is associated with other risk factors such as dehydration, which may exacerbate the injury. Consequently, the aim of our study was to determine whether dehydration combined with two of the TW drugs could induce AKI in an in vivo experimental model. Method Three months old male Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats (SHR) were divided into four experimental groups: control group (CT); TW group (TW), which received four days of double therapy with trandolapril and furosemide, followed by a triple therapy for two days with trandolapril, furosemide and ibuprofen; trandolapril and ibuprofen group (T+I), which received four days of trandolapril followed by two days of trandolapril and ibuprofen; furosemide and ibuprofen group (F+I), which received four days of furosemide followed by two days of furosemide and ibuprofen; and trandolapril and furosemide group (T+F), which received six days of trandolapril and furosemide. All groups were subjected to a 60-70% water restriction of basal intake (i.e. 15 mL/day) to generate mild dehydration. Blood and urine samples were collected at baseline (B), day 4 and day 6. Blood pressure was measured at baseline and day 4. Renal function was assessed by plasma creatinine, plasma urea and creatinine clearance, and hydration status was determined by plasma osmolarity and water balance (i.e. water intake minus urine flow). Results Under basal conditions, all rats were hypertensive. The combination of trandolapril and furosemide significantly reduced the mean blood pressure on day 4 (p = 0.0066), while trandolapril or furosemide alone did not achieve these decreases. After four days of water restriction to 15 mL/day, all groups showed mild dehydration with a decrease in water balance and an increase in plasma osmolarity by. Plasma creatinine and plasma urea values were only increased on day 6 in the TW group (p = 0.0009 and p = 0.02, respectively). Creatinine clearance was also clearly reduced in the TW group (p = 0.0004). F+I and T+F groups showed slight decreases in creatinine clearance at day 6, as well as slight increases in plasma urea. However, these changes were not as pronounced as those observed in the TW group. Conclusion In our in vivo model of TW-AKI, mild dehydration cannot replace any of the TW drugs, although it appears that combination of F+I and T+F in dehydrated rats slightly alter plasma urea and creatinine clearance values at day 6, suggesting that this condition maintained over time might lead to the development of AKI. Funding This research was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (PI21/01226 and PI21/00548 co-funded by the European Union; and RICORS2040, RD21/0005/0004, co-funded by the European Union—NextGenerationEU, Mecanismo para la Recuperación y la Resiliencia (MRR)) and from Consejería de Educación, Junta de Castilla y León (IES160P20), co-funded by FEDER funds. Noelia Diaz-Morales is recipient of a Juan de la Cierva-Formación postdoctoral contract (FJC2020-043205-I) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and the European Union “NextGenerationEU/PRTR”. Eva M. Baranda-Alonso is recipient of a predoctoral fellowship from the Junta de Castilla y Leon (Spain) and the European Social Fund from the European Commission.