Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Microstructure contrôlée"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Microstructure contrôlée"
Fauchille, Anne-Laure, Bram van den Eijnden, Kevin Taylor e Peter David Lee. "Détermination de la taille et du nombre d’échantillons devant être analysés en laboratoire pour la caractérisation statistique de la microstructure d’une roche argileuse". Revue Française de Géotechnique, n.º 165 (2020): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/geotech/2020024.
Texto completo da fonteDorval, Vincent, Nicolas Leymarie, Alexandre Imperiale, Edouard Demaldent, Zakaria Aghenzour e Pierre-Emile Lhuillier. "Simulations numériques à l'échelle de microstructures hétérogènes pour déterminer des propriétés effectives de propagation ultrasonore". e-journal of nondestructive testing 28, n.º 9 (setembro de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/28514.
Texto completo da fontePalla, Marie, Florian Le Bourdais e Jean-Paul Garandet. "Caractérisation du champ de température par ultrasons, Application à la fabrication additive par fusion sur lit de poudre". e-journal of nondestructive testing 28, n.º 9 (setembro de 2023). http://dx.doi.org/10.58286/28535.
Texto completo da fonteTeses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Microstructure contrôlée"
Kane, Dame Assane. "Alliages réfractaires à microstructure contrôlée". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 13, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024PA131009.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this thesis was to address certain challenges concerning the mass production of tungsten nanopowders (W) and tungsten alloys (W-V-Cr and W-V), but also the study of their mechanical properties (ductility, yield strength) and their resistance to recrystallization after sintering, with a view to their use as a plasma-facing material in the ITER project. For mass production, syntheses of W nanopowders and W alloys were made from the combustion synthesis process, Self-propagating High-temperature Synthesis (SHS). Batch syntheses of between 50 and 500 g of powders were carried out at two temperatures (1800K and 2500K) in order to meet all the challenges relating to the scaling of this SHS process. These powders after characterization by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) showed nanometric particles and a fairly similar microstructure (before and after scaling). As a result, the study of the mechanical properties (ductility and microhardness) and the resistance to recrystallization was carried out on blocks obtained after sintering by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS). These characterizations have shown that W-V binary alloys have better ductility compared to pure W and ternary alloy WV2Cr2. In fact, a ductility of almost 37.5% was obtained during the compression test at ambient temperature of the W-V8 alloy. All the samples showed good resistance to recrystallization at 1000° C. for 1 h. These results are promising for use as materials of the divertor. However, it is necessary to supplement this with other characterizations such as the study of resistance to oxidation at high temperature, the study of thermal shocks, etc
Devémy, Stéphanie. "Synthèse de céramiques PZT à microstructure contrôlée". Valenciennes, 2008. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/f24641e8-b4ba-4290-9f99-87ed13bd2567.
Texto completo da fonteThis work deals with the realization of textured PZT ceramics. The various stages of elaboration of those ceramics : grains synthesis, their casting and sintering are invastigated. The first part of the thesis consists in synthetizing PZT grains with a stoichiometric composition and a morphology allowing some texturation. Two methods of synthesis are tested: the hydrothermal synthesis and the flux growth synthesis. The hydrothermal synthesis appears to be inappropriate for the realization of grains allowing the elaboration of textured materials. Only the flux synthesis allows to realize large-sized and cubic morphology grains which can be used in a manufacturing process of textured ceramics. The second part concerns the implementation of these grains by tape-casting to induce a granular orientation by lamination. In the last part, as the densification behavior of these tape-cast sheets by natural sintering is limited, we have to use assisted methods as the SPS or the hot pressing. Dense ceramics of textured PZT are so realized. After polarization under electric field, a gain of 116 % for the piezoelectric constant is obtained
Kasperski, Anne. "Nanocomposites nanotubes de carbone - céramique à microstructure contrôlée : préparation et propriétés". Toulouse 3, 2013. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2187/.
Texto completo da fonteThe incorporation of carbon nanotubes (CNT) in a brittle and insulator ceramic matrix is expected to enhance fracture toughness and fracture strength, to improve tribological properties and also gives rise to an electrical conducting material. We aimed to produce CNT-alumina nanocomposites with homogeneous submicronic microstructure and CNT with 1, 2, 8 or 20 walls (named xCNT, x = 1, 2, 8 or 20). CNT-Al2O3 powders were prepared by two routes (in-situ synthesis and mixing) and densified by hot-pressing (HP) or spark plasma sintering (SPS). The electrical conductivities were linked to the degree of CNT dispersion. The mechanical properties were correlated to preparation routes and CNT characteristics. The CNT length determine their mechanical locking inside the matrix and the non-covalent functionalization (gum arabic), contrary to the covalent functionalization, preserves the CNT integrity which leads to large scale crack-bridging in the materials. Preparation techniques which led to the best dispersions of CNT in alumina were transposed to zirconia with 3% mol. Yttria to prepare nanocomposites with different carbon contents of 2CNT or 8CNT. The friction coefficient of steel/2NTC-zirconia couples was decreased up to 2. 5 times thanks to a lubrication by deformation of the 2CNT, and the one of alumina/8CNT-zirconia couples up to 3. 5 times through the formation of a lubricant film due to 8NTC exfoliation
Brisse, Annabelle. "Caractérisation électrochimique de matériaux céramiques à microstructure contrôlée pour Piles à Combustible SOFC fonctionnant à température réduite". Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00103670.
Texto completo da fonteUne conductivité purement ionique de 9x10-3 S.cm-1 a été mesurée à 700°C sur l'électrolyte retenu de composition La9Sr1Si6O26,5. Cette céramique de structure apatite est stable chimiquement au contact du matériau de cathode conducteur mixte Nd1,95NiO4+Δ. L'étude de la réduction de l'oxygène a montré que l'étape limitante est le transfert des ions oxyde à l'interface cathode/électrolyte. Le cermet anodique Ni-apatite a été élaboré par imprégnation de la matrice poreuse d'apatite par un sel de nickel. Cette méthode permet une meilleure stabilisation du nickel dans la structure hôte. Ces travaux mettent en évidence l'intérêt d'une nouvelle cellule SOFC fonctionnant à température intermédiaire composée d'électrolyte de structure apatite.
Boulvert, Jean. "Traitements acoustiques à porosité contrôlée pour atténuation optimale". Thesis, Le Mans, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LEMA1033.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis exploits some of the new possibilities offered by additive manufacturing to design and optimize treatments for sound attenuation consisting in porous materials. Additive manufacturing allows to control individually each pore of a material. The porous treatment design process is turned upside down: instead of searching through a catalogue of existing materials to solve a problem, it is possible to directly design the right material by adjusting its microstructure. This research is part of a plan to reduce aircraft engine noise but extends beyond the aeronautical field, both theoretically and in terms of possible applications. A predicting method of the acoustic behaviour of porous materials produced by additive manufacturing and taking into account the impact of manufacturing defects is first introduced. Porous materials with controlled graded properties are then studied. A method for optimizing microstructural or manufacturing parameters is developed. The ability of graded porous materials to attenuate frequencies too low to be attenuated by non-graded materials is then proven and the optimal gradient for broadband attenuation is defined. The impact of the wall thickness of the pores along with the impact of transverse propagation inside porous materials is studied. Finally, a metaporous treatment allowing broadband and sub-wavelength absorption is developed. The results of this research can be applied to create porous treatments with a high noise attenuation. The analytical and numerical models used in this research are based on the hypothesis of porous materials acoustically behaving as equivalent fluids. The results are physically analyzed and experimentally validated through impedance tube testing of specimens produced by additive manufacturing
Berthé, Vincente. "Développement de mélanges à base de polylactide à durée de vie contrôlée. Étude des relations microstructure / propriétés / mise en œuvre". Phd thesis, École Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2010. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00677093.
Texto completo da fonte- l'amélioration de la résilience du polylactide (P(L)LA) par incorporation d'agents modifiants au choc ou de biopolymères à faible module d'Young tels que la poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) et le poly-butylène-succinate (PBS). De plus, deux voies de compatibilisation des mélanges ont été testées, par introduction d'agents de polycondensation ou de monomères photo-réticulants.
- l'étude de la résistance à divers vieillissements climatiques (hydrolyse, oxydation thermique et photo-vieillissement) des systèmes présentant une bonne résistance au choc.
- le contrôle de la phase de fragmentation des systèmes les plus performants via l'incorporation de catalyseurs d'oxydation.
Berthé, Vincent. "Développement de mélanges à base de polylactide à durée de vie contrôlée : étude des relations microstructure / propriétés / mise en œuvre". Paris, ENMP, 2010. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00677093.
Texto completo da fonteThis study is a part of a global research program aiming at developing innovative bio-composites based on biodegradable matrix (poly-lactide, poly-epsilon-caprolactone (PCL) and poly-butylen-succinate (PBS)) with controlled mechanical properties and life times in different weathering conditions. Besides, the blend end of life fragmentation are also studied. Different aspects of this global research program are developed in this study: - impact resistance improvement of poly-lactide P(L)LA through the incorporation of impact modifiers and/or low Young modulus polymers (PCL and PBS). Besides, for polyesters blends, two compatibilization techniques have been used. - the incorporation of polycondensation agents and photo-crosslinkings under gamma rays. - study of weathering resistance (hydrolysis, thermal oxidation and photo-ageing) of systems having the best impact properties/end-of-life fragmentation control of the best systems using oxidation catalysts
Henry, Quentin. "Apport de l’expérimentation aux petites échelles spatiales et temporelles sur l’étude du comportement mécanique des céramiques à microstructure contrôlée soumises à des sollicitations dynamiques". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, ENSAM, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024ENAME052.
Texto completo da fonteCeramics stand out as materials of choice for lightening mechanical armor structures, thanks to their high compressive strength, while being lighter than conventionally used metals. Some micromechanical models suggest that the apparent increase in mechanical properties of brittle materials under dynamic loading results from the interaction between loading velocity and crack propagation velocity in a heterogeneous structure. However, no textit{in situ} experimental evidence has yet validated this hypothesis. An empirical approach has been proposed to verify this hypothesis and show the influence of ceramic microstructure on the sensitivity of their mechanical response to strain rate. This experimental approach must take account of all dynamic effects, particularly those linked to rapid crack propagation. The method envisaged for this thesis will put into perspective the effect of microstructure on the fragmentation process of ceramics at different strain rates.To control the microstructure, pores were introduced into an alumina matrix with precise control over their quantity, size and morphology. It was observed that mechanical properties decreased with increasing pore size. At constant density, large pores are particularly critical in terms of mechanical properties. An increase in strain rate leads to an increase in apparent mechanical properties. This sensitivity is even more pronounced in porous ceramics. The competition between rapid crack propagation and loading rates described in micromechanical models is reflected in the decrease in fragment size, which is more pronounced in porous ceramics. The introduction of pores leads to an increase in the density of critical defects, favoring the initiation of more cracks under dynamic loading. The analysis carried out under synchrotron source at ESRF enabled us to accurately track the fracture kinetics of the ceramics, as well as the response of the structure under dynamic loading. The results obtained, in particular the crack propagation velocity and the different fracture paths, provide valuable references for validating numerical approaches to modeling the fracture of brittle materials. This rapid crack propagation generates inertia effects, estimated by a direct numerical approach. The results underline the importance of using such a method to estimate fracture energy, otherwise dynamic effects could be greatly overestimated, compromising structural integrity
Lavielle, Nicolas. "Fabrication de nanofibres et nanoparticules de biopolyesters pour la libération contrôlée d'un composé modèle". Phd thesis, Université de Strasbourg, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01063059.
Texto completo da fonteBaradel, Nathalie. "Synthèse de macromolécules à microstructures contrôlées : régulation des séquences de monomètres dans les copolymérisations radicalaires en chaîne". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014STRAF028/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn this work, chain-growth controlled radical polymerization techniques were used to develop new strategies to regulate polymer sequences. For that, two different approaches were studied. The first approach was developed by our team over past years and consists in adding reactive functional monomers at precise locations during a chain-growth polymerization. This method relies on the differences in reactivity between the functional monomer (acceptor N-substituted maleimides, in small quantity) and the comonomer (donor styrene, excess) which will form the backbone of the polymer chain. Deficient monomer was inserted rapidly in the chain backbone. By this way, multifonctionalized macromolecules were creating such as dendronized polymers or glycopolymers.The second approach consists in controlling monomer sequence by successive monoinsertions of comonomers. Successive and ordered monomer additions occur in starved conditions by use of non-homopolymerizable monomers. Two different concepts were studied. In the first, the monoinsertion is regulated only by the non-polymerizable nature of the monomer and CRP deactivation while, in the second, the monoinsertion is also regulated by the use of an additional comonomer that do not homopolymerize
Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Microstructure contrôlée"
"6. Élaboration et contrôle de la microstructure des vitrocéramiques". In Du verre au cristal, 137–56. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1064-2-012.
Texto completo da fonte"6. Élaboration et contrôle de la microstructure des vitrocéramiques". In Du verre au cristal, 137–56. EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/978-2-7598-1064-2.c012.
Texto completo da fonte