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Ledoyer, M. "Cumacea (Crustacea) de la compagne EPOS 3 du R.V.Polarsternen mer de Weddell, Antarctique". Journal of Natural History 27, n.º 5 (outubro de 1993): 1041–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222939300770661.
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Serrano Canadas, Enrique. "Hielo, montanas, mar y fauna : El turismo en las islas Shetland del Sur (Antártida marítima) / Glace, montagne, mer et faune : le tourisme dans les Iles Shetland du Sud (Antarctique maritime)". Revue de géographie alpine 90, n.º 1 (2002): 9–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rga.2002.3069.
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André, Sylvie. "L'Union Europeenne et la Zeon du Pacifique". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 28, n.º 3 (1 de junho de 1998): 595. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v28i3.6069.
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L'Union européenne est présente, sous des formes diverses, dans la région Pacifique. Au-delà du cadre de sa politique commerciale extérieure, elle a des accords d'association avec un certain nombre de territoires insulaires. Ainsi, parmi les 20 pays et territoires d'outre-mer (PTOM) énumérés dans l'annexe I de la décision 91/482/CEE du Conseil du 25 juillet 1991, relative à l'association des pays et territoires d'outre-mer à la Communauté économique européenne , cinq sont situés dans la zone Pacifique : quatre territoires français, Polynésie française, Nouvelle Calédonie et ses dépendances, îles Wallis et Futuna, terres australes et antarctiques françaises et une colonie britannique, Pitcairn. Huit pays ACP ("Afrique, Caraïbes, Pacifique") appartiennent à la même zone géographique: Fidji, Kiribati, Papouasie Nouvelle Guinée, îles Salomon, Samoa occidentales, Tonga, Tuvalu, Vanuatu. Ces pays ont donc noué des relations d'association avec l'Union européenne dans le cadre des conventions de Lomé.
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Burton, H., e J. van den Hoff. "Humans and the Southern Elephant Seal Mirounga leonina". Australian Mammalogy 24, n.º 1 (2002): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am02127.
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Southern elephant seal (Mirounga leonina) populations appear remarkably unaffected by interactions with humans. They are very tolerant of close human presence whilst they are ashore for pupping, mating and moulting. Their behaviour in close proximity to helicopter operations suggests disturbance of moulting male M. leonina is minimal. There is no evidence that M. leonina have been affected by persistent organic pollutants; and few M. leonina have been reported as having been injured or killed by interactions with fishery gear. The number of prey species common to their diet and commercial fisheries in the Southern Ocean are few; but one commercial squid species, Martialia hyadesi, accounted for as much as 94% of the biomass consumed by M. leonina. Two harvested commercial squid species (Mar. hyadesi and Todarodes filippovae) were found in the stomachs of M. leonina; and some other squid species (Alluroteuthis antarcticus, Brachioteuthis spp., Gonatus antarcticus, Histeoteuthis spp., Kondokovia longimana, Moroteuthis ingens, Mor. knipovitchi, Pholidoteuthis boschmani and Psychroteuthis glacialis) have potential as commercial catch too. There is cause for concern if a future directed fishery for any of these species escalates or the by-catch of Mar. hyadesi and T. filippovae in the Illex and Nototodarus fisheries increase. There is also concern if fin-fish fisheries expand and take more of those species already taken by both M. leonina and fisheries. These species are benthic (Notothenia squamifrons), benthopelagic (Dissostichus eleginoides and Champsocephalus gunnari) and, perhaps most importantly, the pelagic myctophid species (e.g., Electrona carlsbergi).
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Seco Pon, Juan Pablo, Leandro Tamini, Nahuel Chavez e Sofía Copello. "Asociación de la Escúa Parda (Stercorarius antarcticus) y la Escúa Común (Stercorarius chilensis) con operaciones de pesca en el Mar Argentino". El Hornero 32, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2017): 205–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.56178/eh.v32i2.507.
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La Escúa Parda (Stercorarius antarcticus) y la Escúa Común (Stercorarius chilensis) se reproducen en el sur de América del Sur: la primera en la costa de Argentina, incluyendo las Islas Malvinas y Georgias del Sur, y la segunda en el sur de Argentina y Chile. Sin embargo, la información sobre su distribución en la Plataforma Continental Argentina es escasa y se limita a unas pocas observaciones obtenidas principalmente en los golfos norpatagónicos y en las Islas Malvinas. Prácticamente no existe información para otras áreas como la plataforma continental, la zona del talud y el talud continental. En este trabajo se reportan avistajes de ambas especies obtenidos en el marco de proyectos de evaluación de la interacción entre pesquerías de arrastre de altura y aves marinas en aguas argentinas. Las observaciones se realizaron durante todas las estaciones en un lapso de siete años (2008–2014). Los registros proveen información novedosa acerca de la ocurrencia y abundancia de estas especies de escúas para un amplio rango latitudinal en el Mar Argentino que es también un área de operación de flotas pesqueras de arrastre, principalmente de merluza (Merluccius hubbsi).
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MARTINS, LUCIANA, e MARCOS TAVARES. "Two new species of Psolus Oken from Brazil (Holothuroidea: Psolidae), with neotype designation and redescription of Psolus vitoriae Tommasi, 1971, and a key to the southwestern Atlantic and Magellanic species". Zootaxa 4563, n.º 3 (4 de março de 2019): 531. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4563.3.7.
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The taxonomy of the southeastern Brazilian species of Psolus is reviewed and two new species described. Additionally, P. vitoriae is redescribed based on a newly designated neotype and supplemental material from the type locality and nearby regions. The synonymy of P. marcusi with P. patagonicus is called into question. The calcareous ring is useful for distinguishing between some Psolus species. Psolus tommasi sp. nov. is characterized by having five oral valves, an anus covered by a variable number of small, irregular anal valves, oral and anal valves distinct from body wall scales, calcareous ring interradial plates entire, calcareous ring simple, without posterior processes; radial and interradial plates entire, dorsal ossicles spheroid bodies and sole ossicles knobbed and smooth perforated plates. Psolus thandari sp. nov. is characterized by granules on body scales; mouth surrounded by five to seven triangular valves of equal size; anus surrounded by a variable number of small and irregular anal valves that grade into surrounding scales; calcareous ring with interradial plates entire. Six species of Psolus are known from the southwestern Atlantic and Magellanic region: P. vitoriae (São Paulo, Brazil); P. patagonicus (Mar del Plata to Tierra del Fuego, Argentina; Strait of Magellan and Cape Horn); P. segregatus (Patagonia, Argentina; Strait of Magellan, Chile; Hikurangi Margin and Chatham Rise, New Zealand); P. antarcticus (Magellanic region; South Georgia Island, southern Atlantic Ocean; Macquarie Island and Ridge, New Zealand); P. lawrencei (Mar del Plata, Argentina) and Psolus murrayi Théel, 1886 (Montevideo, Uruguay). A key to the species of Psolus from the southwestern Atlantic and Magellanic region, and a synoptic table to all southern Atlantic Psolus species is provided.
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Meza, María Andrea, e Manuel Ochoa. "Avistamiento de aves marinas antárticas y su relación con el krill (Euphausia superba). ANTAR XXVI". Boletin Instituto del Mar del Perú 36, n.º 1 (13 de setembro de 2021): 54–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53554/boletin.v36i1.319.
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Durante la campaña Antar XXVI (31 de diciembre 2018 - 15 de enero 2019) se estudió la relación entre distribución y abundancia de aves marinas y presencia de su presa principal el krill Euphausia superba (Dana, 1850). A bordo del BAP Carrasco se observaron las aves y en simultáneo se efectuó el rastreo acústico de krill. Se registraron 2827 aves marinas pertenecientes a26 especies y 7 familias. El número promedio de aves marinas por milla náutica fue de 3,36. Se analizaron los componentes principales (PCA), se describió la relación entre presencia de aves marinas (endémicas y migratorias de la zona Antártica) y variables ambientales (temperatura superficial del mar, salinidad y concentración de oxígeno), así como abundancia de krill. Los resultados muestran que el mayor número de individuos se registró en los alrededores de isla Elefante. Sin embargo, el grupo de pingüinos (Pygoscelis sp.) tuvo mayor presencia en el estrecho de Bransfield. Las mayores abundancias fueron del petrel del Cabo Daption capense (Linnaeus, 1758) (28,62%), petrel plateado Fulmarus glacialoides (Smith, 1840) (19,10%),pingüino barbijo Pygoscelis antarcticus (Forster, 1781) (16,70%), albatros ceja negra Thalassarche melanophrys (Temminck, 1828) (5,87%) y golondrina de la tempestad de Wilson Oceanites oceanicus (Kuhl, 1820) (3,87%), los cuales, en conjunto, representaron casi el 80% de las observaciones totales.
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Innis, GJ. "Feeding Ecology of Fruit Pigeons in Subtropical Rainforests of South-Eastern Queensland." Wildlife Research 16, n.º 4 (1989): 365. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9890365.
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In a 5-yr (1979-84) study of 6 species of fruit pigeon in lowland (dry) and upland (wet) subtropical rain forests in the Jimna and Conondale Ranges, the effects of forest phenology on pigeon abundance were investigated. The pigeons utilized 89 species of plants from 39 families of trees, palms and vines. The seasonal availability of fruit was similar in each forest type: most plant species bore crops during the wet season (Dec.-Mar.) and held crops into the early dry season (April-May); the late dry season (June-Oct.) was a time of general fruit shortage. More than 60% of the species of food plants present in upland forest were rare or absent in lowland forest. In general, each species of pigeon utilized a distinct suite of plant species in each forest type. Certain species of fig (Ficus spp.) fruited asynchronously and were the most important food for sedentary wompoo fruit-doves (Ptilinopus magnificus magnificus) in both forest types. These and other species of fig were the most important food for topknot pigeons (Lopholaimus antarcticus) and rose-crowned fruit-doves (P. regina regina) in lowland forest. An influx of flocks of up to 200 topknot pigeons into upland forest occurred each year in response to the fruiting of Archontophoenix cunninghamiana. The foraging habits of rose-crowned fruit-doves were largely opportunistic in upland forest, utilizing whatever fruit was available at particular times. White-headed pigeons (Columba leucomela) foraged solely in Olea paniculata during irregular visits to lowland forest. A regular summer influx into upland forest occurred in response to the fruiting of a vine, Piper novae-hollandiae. In each forest type, brown cuckoo-doves (Macropygia amboinensis) had a distinct foraging preference for plant species characteristic of disturbed forests; important plant families were the Solanaceae, Ulmaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Araliaceae. Superb fruit-doves (P. superbus) were seldom found in either forest type.
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Bernal‐Durán, Valentina, David Donoso, Andrea Piñones, Per R. Jonsson, Laura Benestan, Mauricio F. Landaeta, Javier Naretto et al. "Combining population genomics and biophysical modelling to assess connectivity patterns in an Antarctic fish". Molecular Ecology, 24 de abril de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/mec.17360.
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AbstractConnectivity is a fundamental process of population dynamics in marine ecosystems. In the last decade, with the emergence of new methods, combining different approaches to understand the patterns of connectivity among populations and their regulation has become increasingly feasible. The Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP) is characterized by complex oceanographic dynamics, where local conditions could act as barriers to population connectivity. Here, the notothenioid fish Harpagifer antarcticus, a demersal species with a complex life cycle (adults with poor swim capabilities and pelagic larvae), was used to assess connectivity along the WAP by combining biophysical modelling and population genomics methods. Both approaches showed congruent patterns. Areas of larvae retention and low potential connectivity, observed in the biophysical model output, coincide with four genetic groups within the WAP: (1) South Shetland Islands, (2) Bransfield Strait, (3) the central and (4) the southern area of WAP (Marguerite Bay). These genetic groups exhibited limited gene flow between them, consistent with local oceanographic conditions, which would represent barriers to larval dispersal. The joint effect of geographic distance and larval dispersal by ocean currents had a greater influence on the observed population structure than each variable evaluated separately. The combined effect of geographic distance and a complex oceanographic dynamic would be generating limited levels of population connectivity in the fish H. antarcticus along the WAP. Based on this, population connectivity estimations and priority areas for conservation were discussed, considering the marine protected area proposed for this threatened region of the Southern Ocean.
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KITTEL, Christoph, Xavier FETTWEIS, Ghislain PICARD e Noel GOURMELEN. "L'assimilation de la fonte détectée par les satellites augmente la fonte simulée par MAR sur le secteur d'Amundsen (Antarctique de l’Ouest)". Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/0770-7576.6616.
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Surface melt over the Antarctic ice shelves is one of the largest uncertainties related to sea level rise over the 21st century. However, current climate models still struggle to accurately represent it, limiting our comprehension of processes driving melt spatial and temporal variability and its consequences on the stability of the Antarctic ice sheet. Recent advances in Earth monitoring thanks to satellites have enabled new estimations of Antarctic melt extent. They can detect if and where melt occurs, while the amount of meltwater produced can only be deduced from model simulations. In order to combine advantages of both tools, we present new melt estimates based on a regional climate model assimilating the satellite-derived melt extent. This improves the comparison between model and satellite estimates paving the way for a re-estimation of the amount of melt produced each year on the surface of the entire Antarctic ice sheet.
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GLAUDE, Quentin, Thomas DETHINNE, Clara LAMBIN e Xavier FETTWEIS. "Discussion d'un scénario fictif extrême sur la Péninsule Antarctique : l'effet d'une fonte intense sur le bilan de masse en surface". Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/0770-7576.7039.
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This discussion paper interprets the findings of a recent study comparing melt estimates from the regional atmospheric model MAR, those derived from Automatic Weather Stations (AWS), and microwave remote sensing images over the Antarctic Peninsula from 2019 to 2021. Our interpretation reveals a paradox: MAR overestimates melt when compared to AWS-based melt estimates, yet underestimates melt when compared to satellite imagery. This discrepancy underscores a fundamental gap in our understanding of surface processes. To illustrate the potential implications of this gap, we present a fictional (“what-if”) scenario that explores an extreme case of melting, based on parametrizations from Kittel et al., 2022, and the outliers of Dethinne et al., 2023. We examine the potential impact on the ice sheet's surface mass balance (SMB), drawing parallels with the situation in Greenland during the 1990s, where increased melt production had cascading effects on SMB. Moreover, we highlight that the presence of liquid water at the surface of the snowpack can be a precursor to significant destabilization processes over ice shelves, although this aspect is not the focus of our current paper. By opening a debate on the accuracy and interpretation of melt modeling, we aim to draw attention to the potential consequences of extreme melting events on the Antarctic Ice Sheet's SMB and stability.
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DETHINNE, Thomas, Quentin GLAUDE, Charles AMORY, Christoph KITTEL e Xavier FETTWEIS. "COMPARAISON ENTRE LA FONTE DE SURFACE ESTIMÉE PAR LE RADAR À SYNTHÈSE D’OUVERTURE SENTINEL-1 ET UN MODÈLE CLIMATIQUE RÉGIONAL. CAS D’ÉTUDE SUR LA PLATEFORME DE GLACE DU ROI BAUDOUIN, EN ANTARCTIQUE DE L’EST". Bulletin de la Société Géographique de Liège, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/0770-7576.6644.
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Antarctica is the largest potential contributor to sea-level rise and needs to be monitored. It is also one of the first victims of global warming. However, it is often difficult to obtain high-resolution data on this vast and distant continent. Thanks to the Copernicus space program providing free and open access to high-quality data, this paper aims to show the complementarity between Sentinel-1 images and Modèle Atmosphérique régional (MAR) data over Antarctica. This study is conducted over Roi Baudouin Ice Shelf. The complementarity between the two datasets is established by a quantitative, temporal, and spatial comparison of the amplitude information of the radar signal and several variables modelled by MAR. Comparisons show strong spatial correlations between MAR variables representing melt and the backscatter coefficient recorded by the satellite. While temporal and quantitative analyses also give impressive results, further investigations are required to explain contrasting behaviors in other different areas of the ice shelf.
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Gonzales-Fernández, Julio, Luis Icochea-Salas e Gandy Rosales-Quintana. "ISÓPODO MARINO DEL TEJIDO MUSCULAR DEL PEZ HIELO (CRYODRACO ANTARCTICUS DOLLO, 1900), PROCEDENTES DE LA ANTÁRTIDA". Biologist 17, n.º 2 (27 de fevereiro de 2020). http://dx.doi.org/10.24039/rtb2019172357.
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Durante una expedición peruana de científicos a la Antártica - ANTAR XVI llevada a cabo en enero del 2006 a bordo del barco científico BIC Humboldt, 2 faenas de pesca exploratoria con “long line” de 25 anzuelos y 5 nasas o trampas con sardina como carnada fueron utilizadas entre las profundidades de 300 y 400 m, con la finalidad de capturar peces y crustáceos en el mar de Weddell, Antártida. Aun teniendo en cuenta que el Ecograma no mostró ninguna presencia de peces a dicha profundidad, se capturó la especie Cryodraco antarcticus Dollo, 1900 conocida como “pez hielo”, asociada a un isópodo objeto de estudio. Asimismo, se encontraron ejemplares de “sardina” Sardinops sagax sagax (Jenyns, 1842) casi totalmente devoradas. Las muestras fueron llevadas y analizadas en el Laboratorio de Sanidad Acuícola de la Universidad Nacional Agraria La Molina (UNALM), Lima, Perú, las cuales revelaron una fuerte necrosis en los arcos y filamentos branquiales. El presente estudio registra e identifica al isópodo como Natatolana sp.
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Pei, Pengbing, Muhammad Aslam, Chunyou Yang, Peilin Ye, Xiao Ke, Zhanhua Liang, Tangcheng Li, Weizhou Chen e Hong Du. "Temporal variations of biological nitrogen fixation and diazotrophic communities associated with artificial seaweed farms". Frontiers in Marine Science 11 (17 de maio de 2024). http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1408958.
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Diazotrophic communities contribute inorganic nitrogen for the primary productivity of the marine environment by biological nitrogen fixation (BNF). They play a vital role in the biogeochemical cycle of nitrogen in the marine ecological environment. However, there is still an incomplete understanding of BNF and diazotrophs in artificial seaweed farms. Therefore, this study comprehensively investigated the temporal variations of BNF associated with Gracilariopsis lemaneiformis, as well as the diazotrophic communities associated with macroalgae and its surrounding seawater. Our results revealed that a total of 13 strains belonging to Proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes were identified as N2-fixing bacteria using azotobacter selective solid medium and nifH gene cloning. Subsequently, BNF and diazotrophic communities were characterized using the acetylene reduction method and high-throughput sequencing of the nifH gene, respectively. The results showed that nitrogenase activity and nifH gene abundance of epiphytic bacteria on G. lemaneiformis varied significantly among four different cultivation periods, i.e., Cultivation Jan. (CJ), Cultivation Feb. (CF), Cultivation Mar. (CM), Cultivation Apr. (CA). Among them, the nitrogenase activity and nifH gene abundance of epiphytic bacteria on G. lemaneiformis in CM were significantly higher than those in CJ, CF, and CA, indicating that the BNF of eiphytic bacteria on G. lemaneiformis was markedly enhanced. Combined with the data on environmental factors, it was found that the low concentration of nitrogen and phosphorus in CM might considerably boost the BNF of epiphytic bacteria in G. lemaneiformis. The sequencing results of the nifH gene showed that the α-diversity of diazotrophic communities associated with G. lemaneiformis and seawater in CM was higher than that in other cultivation periods. In addition, the diazotrophic communities on G. lemaneiformis were significantly different in CJ, CF, CM, and CA, and they were significantly diverse from diazotrophic communities in seawater. LEfSe analysis indicated that Rhodobacterales, Hyphomonadaceae, Robiginitomaculum, and Robiginitomaculum antarcticum within α-proteobacteria played a remarkable role in BNF in response to nitrogen nutrient deficiency. Taken together, these results provide a unique insight into the interaction between macroalgae and its epiphytic bacteria and lay a foundation for further research on the mechanism of action of nitrogen-cycling microorganisms associated with macroalgae.
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Hahn, Martin W., Alexandra Pitt, Johanna Schmidt e Antonio Camacho. "Fourteen new Polynucleobacter species: P. brandtiae sp. nov., P. kasalickyi sp. nov., P. antarcticus sp. nov., P. arcticus sp. nov., P. tropicus sp. nov., P. bastaniensis sp. nov., P. corsicus sp. nov., P. finlandensis sp. nov., P. ibericus sp. nov., P. hallstattensis sp. nov., P. alcilacus sp. nov., P. nymphae sp. nov., P. paludilacus sp. nov. and P. parvulilacunae sp. nov." International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology 72, n.º 6 (13 de junho de 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/ijsem.0.005408.
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Fourteen strains, all isolated from the surface of freshwater habitats, were genomically, phylogenetically and phenotypically characterized. The strains were obtained from geographically and climatically broadly scattered sites. This included two lakes in Antarctica, one arctic pond located on the Svalbard archipelago (Norway), a tropical habitat located in Uganda, some lakes in Southern Europe (Spain and France), lakes, ponds and a puddle in Central Europe (Austria, Czech Republic and Germany), and lakes in Northern Europe (Finland). Most of the investigated strains were characterized by rather small cell sizes and rather slow growth on media such as nutrient broth–soyotone–yeast extract (NSY) medium. Phylogenomic analyses indicated that all fourteen strains are affiliated with the genus Polynucleobacter ( Burkholderiaceae , Pseudomonadota ). Thirteen of the strains were found to be affiliated with subcluster PnecC of the genus. All these strains were characterized by genome sizes in the range of 1.7–2.3 Mbp and G+C values of 44.9–46.5 mol%. Furthermore, all PnecC-affiliated strains shared 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities >99 %. Only one strain characterized by a larger genome size of 2.9 Mbp and a lower G+C value of 41.0 mol% was found to be affiliated with subcluster PnecA. Whole genome sequence comparisons revealed that all 14 strains shared among each other, as well as with the type strains of the previously described 17 Polynucleobacter species, whole-genome average nucleotide identities values <95 %. This suggested that the 14 investigated strains represent 14 different new species. We propose the establishment of 14 new Polynucleobacter species represented by the following type strains: UB-Domo-W1T (=DSM 103491T=CIP 111598T=JCM 32562T), VK13T (=DSM 103488T=JCM 32564T), LimPoW16T (=DSM 24085T=CIP 111098T), UK-Long2-W17T (=DSM 103489T=CIP 111328T=JCM 32563T), UK-Pondora-W15T (=DSM 103423T=JCM 32939T), MWH-Mekk-B1T (=DSM 106779T=JCM 32556T), MWH-Mekk-C3T (=DSM 103415T=JCM 32557T), Ross1-W9T (=DSM 103416T=JCM 32561T), MWH-Hall10T (=DSM 107042T=JCM 32938T), AP-Basta-1000A-D1T (=DSM 107039T=JCM 32933T), AP-Melu-1000-A1T (=DSM 107036T=JCM 32935T), es-MAR-2T (=DSM 103424T=JCM 32554T), AP-Mumm-500A-B3T (=DSM 107037T=JCM 32936T), MWH-UH21BT (=DSM 23884T=LMG 29707T).