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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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Mielczarek, Magdalena, e Beata Nowogońska. "Technical Problems in the Renovation of Historic Bridges. Case Study – Road Bridge in Cigacice". Civil and Environmental Engineering Reports 31, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2021): 70–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ceer-2021-0005.
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Abstract The road bridge in Cigacice is a very good example of and testimony to the level of knowledge and skills in interwar engineering art. The bridge is almost 100 years old, put to use in 1925, and was designed and manufactured by Beuchelt & Co. in Zielona Góra. The bridge has 10 spans with a parabolic main span, and the supporting structure for the spans is made of steel lattice girders. The object has been strengthened and modernized several times. Currently, renovation works are also being carried out, resulting from identified unfavorable corrosion of the steel elements of the bridge and the concrete bridge slab. The historic steel structure and the bridge supports are being renovated according to the conservation recommendations.
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Mustapaeva, D. "The Study of the Door Handles of the Khoja Ahmet Yasawi Mausoleum – a Lost Valuable Relic". Iasaýı ýnıversıtetіnіń habarshysy 124, n.º 2 (15 de junho de 2022): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.47526/2022-2/2664-0686.27.
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The article deals with the features of manufacture of two door handles of the tomb room in the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, its development history in a large medieval space of Islamic culture, study and analysis in the second half of the 19th century and in the 20th century. The features of the manufacture of two bronze door handles of the tomb room, which were lost in 1959, as well as their value as a valuable relicare given. The first images of these two handles, articles about it are dated as of the second half of the 19th century in the works of A. Geinst in 1860, in the paintings of the artist A. Vereshchagin in the Turkestan Series, in an article by N.I. Veselovsky in 1884, in an article P.N. Akhmerova 1896. In 1905, A. Gurzhienko, who took part in the expedition led by N.I. Veselovsky, depicted door handles in full size, which is comprehensively analyzed in modern studies. In 1935, A.Y. Yakubovsky in his article at the Congress dedicated to the art and archeology of Iran, makes it possible to notice that as per the names of Izz ad-din Tadj ad-din Isfahani and the master who made the door to Gur Emirare coming from the same settlement. The studies of the architect T.K. Basenov in the 40s of the XX year opened the way for the study of these handles today. A special contribution to the detailed study of valuable relics in the mausoleum of Khoja Ahmed Yasawi, including the bronze handles of the tomb room lost in 1959, was the works of A.A. Ivanov. The article discusses the meaning and features of the development of bronze handles in medieval Islamic art.
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Volkov, Vladimir P., Denis Rinatovich Salikhyanov, Ivan S. Kamantsev e Aziret A. Shamshiev. "Development of a Method of Forging Long-Length Blanks with Intensification of Shear Deformation". Materials Science Forum 946 (fevereiro de 2019): 782–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.782.
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Modern press forging manufacture of large steel forgings is moving along the way of increasing service properties and reducing energy-power parameters. This is evidenced by a significant number of works devoted to the study of forging technology with the use of special tools allowing to implement severe plastic deformation. As a result, it is possible to improve significantly the metal structure at the same values of the forge reduction. The paper presents the results of the development and investigation of a new method of forging large steel billets with the intensification of shear deformation and with the use of standard anvils. The analysis of the stress-strain state in comparison with traditional forging scheme on an example of forging billets made of high speed steel R6М5 (State Standard GOST 19265-73) is presented. It is shown that the accumulated degree of shear deformation, as well as the uniformity of its distribution, is higher for the new method with the same reduction values. Approbation of the new method of forging on a hydraulic press was carried out for the blanks made of aluminium alloy D16 (State Standard GOST 21488-97).
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Man, Tinghui, Yihao Zhou, Nan Dong, Tengshi Liu e Han Dong. "Microstructural Evolution of the Rail Steels Manufactured by Hanyang Iron Works". Materials 15, n.º 16 (10 de agosto de 2022): 5488. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15165488.
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The microstructural evolution of the rail steels manufactured by Hanyang Iron Works was investigated through optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD). The OM and SEM images reveal that the microstructures are ferrite with a small amount of pearlite in the rail steel 1904, reticular ferrite and pearlite in the rail steels 1911 and 1921, and full pearlite in the rail steels 1917 and 1919, respectively. The EBSD results show that the rail steel 1904 holds the smallest average grain diameter owing to the pearlite with small size. Moreover, the average grain diameter of the pearlite cluster decreases in the rail steels manufactured after 1908, except for 1921, when it was on the verge of bankruptcy. The rail steels 1917 and 1919 exhibit a higher proportion of low angle grain boundaries and local misorientation with angles lower than 1°. Besides, the grain boundary misorientation holds a lower proportion in the range of 40~50° in the rail steels 1917 and 1919.
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Selivanovskaya, Julia Igorevna, Mariya Vyacheslavovna Talan e Irina Mihailovna Sboeva. "Responsibility for Illegal Use of Trademarks: International and Interstate Aspects". International Journal of Criminology and Sociology 9 (5 de abril de 2022): 2653–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4409.2020.09.327.
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A trademark is a widespread means of product individualization, which allows you to draw attention to the product, its manufacturer, or the seller. In fact, Goods, works, service individualization tools in the Russian Federation are the outcome of mental activity. Trademark registration makes it possible to form an easily recognizable brand and use it in order to sell it successfully among similar products. A manufacturer, promoting his product on the market, spends money on advertising, and increases the attractiveness of his products. Unscrupulous entrepreneurs are very tempted to produce goods using a famous brand, without corresponding costs, and without keeping a high quality of his goods. This article discusses the international and domestic aspects of accountability for the illegal usage of a trademark and provides recommendations for R.F. criminal law improvement. Moreover, Several investigation methods are utilized in the survey, including statistical, systematic and structural, historical and legal, formal and logical, specific sociological, as well as comparative law.
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Dez, Jordan F. "Print Rights with a Thousand Masks: Migrant Vulnerability, Resistance and Human Rights Law". Refuge: Canada's Journal on Refugees 38, n.º 2 (23 de agosto de 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.25071/1920-7336.40920.
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PrintRights, a cooperative of undocumented asylum-seekers in Amsterdam, manufactured facemasks during the Covid-19 pandemic; first distributing them to undocumented migrants residing in the city’s emergency shelter system and then selling them on-line to the wider public. By distributing facemasks with a message, PrintRights performatively inhabited the right to distribute printed works, legally resisting alienage law prohibitions on employment. Engaging the theory of Judith Butler, this article analyzes the relationship between PrintRights’ resistance, vulnerability and human rights discourse. Drawing on fieldwork conducted with PrintRights, this article shows the potential of human rights discourse to support undocumented migrant resistance.
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Hassard, John S. "Rethinking the Hawthorne Studies: The Western Electric research in its social, political and historical context". Human Relations 65, n.º 11 (1 de outubro de 2012): 1431–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0018726712452168.
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In primary accounts of the Hawthorne Studies (1924–32), the host organization, Western Electric, is treated as a largely anonymous actor. Through case-based historical research we find such treatment masks the distinctive profile of the company in the years preceding and encompassing the Hawthorne investigations. Besides its significant industrial standing, when Western’s reputation for welfare capitalism is considered alongside a tragedy that galvanizes its Hawthorne workforce, the company emerges as an iconic manufacturer with a singular cultural inheritance. Unlike previous retrospective studies, this research explains a range of social and political factors that shaped the Hawthorne Works at this time. In particular, it describes how an ostensibly ‘human relations’ philosophy had been espoused at Western prior to Elton Mayo’s arrival in 1928, but that this outwardly ‘progressive’ ethos was underpinned by hard-edged paternalism and tough-minded anti-unionism. Later, during the 1930s, an increasingly challenging organizational climate developed at Western as a result of the Great Depression coupled with exigent AT&T policies. Findings from this research can be contrasted with ‘enlightenment’ or ‘revelatory’ narratives on Hawthorne as expressed in management textbooks. The article offers, at once, fresh insights into the history of Western Electric and new interpretations of the Harvard-influenced research conducted therein.
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Ломтев, Д. Г. "Gerhard von Keußler аnd his Orchestral Works". Научный вестник Московской консерватории, n.º 1(44) (23 de março de 2021): 166–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.26176/mosconsv.2021.44.1.008.
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Впервые на русском языке предлагается биографический очерк о немецком композиторе Герхарде фон Койслере (1874–1949), основанный на архивно-рукописных и малоизвестных печатных источниках. Детальный анализ его сочинений для оркестра— «Левантийской фантазии» (1909), двух симфоний (1925 и 1928), «Торжественной прелюдии» (1934), симфонической фантазии «Австралия» (1935)— позволил выявить стилистические общности и различия образцов данного жанра в наследии композитора. For the first time, a biographical essay in Russian about the German composer Gerhard von Keußler (1874– 1949) has been compiled on the basis of poorly known printed sources and preserved manuscripts. Detailed analysis of his works for orchestra, including Morgenländische Phantasie (1909), two symphonies (1925, 1928), Praeludium solemne (1934) and Symphonic Fantasy Australia (1935), made it possible to identify their stylistic communities and differences.
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Докучаев, Денис, Denis Dokuchaev, Наталья Докучаева e Natalya Dokuchaeva. "Journey as an opening of space: the crimean vacations of the late 19th - the early 20th century (by the example of the family of Dmitriy Burilin, Ivanovo-voznyesensk manufacturer and maecenas)". Service & Tourism: Current Challenges 9, n.º 1 (11 de março de 2015): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/7902.
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At the beginning of the nineteenth century journeys to the Crimea had only been coming into fashion among the Russian nobility, and by the end of the century this tendency had spread beyond aristocratic avocations. The Crimea became popular among merchants and manufacturers, philistines and clerks. The article studies the circumstances of the Crimean vacations of the family of Dmitriy Burilin at the turn of the nineteenth — the twentieth century´s. Dmitriy Burilin (1852-1924) was a manufacturer, Maecenas, collector, and founder of a museum in Ivanovo-Voznyesensk. He was a distinguished public figure of the Russian province at the turn of the centuries. His family travelled a lot through the country and abroad. The Crimea was a favorite place of the Burilins´ vacations. While at the very beginning of the 1900s the Crimean peninsula had served as a starting point of their voyages through Southern Europe (by the steamships of the Russian company of trade and steamship in Sevastopol), in the 1910s the Burilins opened the Southern part of the Crimea and stayed there for a long time. The family were coming there for health, to know about ancient and medieval history. Those journeys also served as family education. The Burilins visited Yalta several times, stayed at fashionable hotels of that time — «Metropol» and «Russia». During their vacations in Alupka and Gurzuf they had been treated by the leading doctors of that time. In Feodosiya Dmitriy Burilin had seen the works of Ivan Aivazovsky for the first time. Later he became the worshipper of Aivazovsky´s works and added some of them to his collection. The source base of the research consists of the Burilins´ correspondence, containing in the collection of the Ivanovo state historical museum.
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Doiar, Larysa. "An outstanding sugar manufacturer of Ukraine". Вісник Книжкової палати, n.º 2 (23 de fevereiro de 2023): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.36273/2076-9555.2023.2(319).28-32.
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The presented article is a continuation of the author's previous research on the history of agriculture in Ukraine — a production industry that for centuries has determined the role and place of the Ukrainian ethnic group in the global production of food products and, without exaggeration, is the face of our subjectivity. This survey is dedicated to the bright memory of the outstanding organizer of the sugar industry of Ukraine, a prolific scientist and a productive industrialist Oleksandr Semenovych Zaits (1929—2011). Considering the personalization of the past as one of the most priority areas of modern historical science, the author set herself the goal of researching the life and work path of a person who made every effort for the economic development of his native land. Relying on the fundamental biographical work, prepared and published on the initiative of the grateful children (son and daughter) of Oleksandr Semenovych, the author actualized the problem of the personal factor in the national development of Ukraine: Oleksandr Semenovych the hare is an example of conscientious service to the state and one's own people, a figure worthy of imitation and education of future generations. Applying the method of content analysis, the author processed the printed material available at the Book Chamber of Ukraine (books, magazines, newspapers, printed publications, etc.), which is tangential to the given topic and significantly deepens the announced goal of personalizing the historical past of Ukraine. The scientific achievement of the presented article is the enrichment of the introduced personality of O. Zaytsia with several previously unused bibliographic positions. In general, general and special monographic works, dictionary, materials of scientific and industrial periodicals, newspaper publications and printed posters and leaflets were involved in the work on this investigation.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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Vernon, Guy Mark. "Work humanization : comparative historical developments in the manufacturing sectors of advanced capitalist societies, 1960-1995". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2000. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2957/.
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The thesis draws on official statistics to examine comparative historical developments in the humanization of work in manufacturing industry, engaging with vital debates on societal distinctiveness. The empirical analysis spans the manufacturing sectors of eleven of the leading industrialised nations over the period 1960-95. This substantive core of the thesis is informed by an examination of research method in the field of employment relations. Initial assessment of the availability and construct validity to aggregate statistical indicators of the humanization of work results in consideration of three phenomena; the rate of incidence of fatal injuries, average annual hours actually worked, and the relative extent of managerial hierarchy. Detailed assessment of the conceptual basis of the available statistics then follows, with the aim of obtaining historically consistent and cross-nationally comparable data on these aspects of work humanization. Although dependable data on fatalities and hours are derived, the limits of the aggregate indicator of managerial hierarchy are ultimately stressed. The comparative historical patterns in the data are then examined for evidence of cross-national convergence in experiences of work humanization. With little indication of any historic convergence apparent the analysis turns to consider the forces which may shape distinctive societal experiences. Quantitative gauges of the shape of the broad political economy are assembled, with a particular attention focused on the quantitative characterisation of the power resources of employees, whether collective or individual. The meaning of these necessarily crude indicators is given extensive consideration. The thesis culminates in separate panel econometric investigations of the political economic characteristics associated with comparative fatal injury incidence and actual annual hours of work. Substantial evidence is presented that the humanization of work is associated with an attenuation of the vulnerability of employees to managerial prerogative.
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Murnane, Owen D. "Contemporary Issues in Vestibular Assessment". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1925.
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Wittmer, Micah. "Performing Negro Folk Culture, Performing America: Hall Johnson’s Choral and Dramatic Works (1925-1939)". Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:26718725.
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This dissertation explores the portrayal of Negro folk culture in concert performances of the Hall Johnson Choir and in Hall Johnson’s popular music drama, Run, Little Chillun. I contribute to existing scholarship on Negro spirituals by tracing the performances of these songs by the original Fisk Jubilee singers in 1867 to the Hall Johnson Choir’s performances in the 1920s-1930s, with a specific focus on the portrayal of Negro folk culture. By doing so, I show how the meaning and importance of performing Negro folk culture changed over time during this period. My dissertation also draws on Hall Johnson’s lectures, radio broadcasts, and published essays on Negro folk culture. By tracing the performance of the Negro spirituals to those of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers during the Reconstruction period, it becomes clear that without the path-breaking work of the original Fisk Jubilee Singers, there would be no Hall Johnson Choir.
Hall Johnson was devoted to composing works about African Americans that preserved and accurately portrayed Negro folk culture because he believed that Negro folk culture was an essential part of American cultural identity. I posit that Run, Little Chillun employs the ideals of the New Negro Renaissance, strategically capitalizing on what many white American cultural critics believed to be primitive—and therefore genuine—black culture while promoting a unique version of black empowerment through the speech of an Oxford Educated black male character who espoused an Afrofuturistic theology. With an interdisciplinary approach, I draw on musicology, African American studies, and sociology to place Hall Johnson’s writings on Negro spirituals within the context of the greater discussion of Negro spirituals during the 1920s-1940s. My primary methodology is historical and includes archival research, musical analysis, and reception history. The writings of black intellectuals and leaders of the New Negro Renaissance such as W.E.B Du Bois, Alain Locke, William Work, and John Rosamond Johnson provide the primary theoretical framework for this dissertation.Music
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Meehan, Samantha. "The fate of cyanide in groundwater at gasworks sites in South-Eastern Australia /". Connect to thesis, 2000. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000229.
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Derby, McDermott Dennette. "Jindrich Feld's Introduzione, Toccata E Fuga Per Flauto Solo With Three Recitals of Selected Works of J.S. Bach, Mozart, Messiaen, Berio, Martinu, Persichetti, and Others". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279144/.
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The Czechoslovakian composer Jindrich Feld (b.1925) composed Introduzione, Toccata e Fuga per Flauto Solo, for the Italian flutist Roberto Frabbriciani. Feld's Introduzione is from his third style period. This work may be labeled as a synthesis of the experiments and experiences that have enabled him to create his own mature style of expression.
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Hepola, Jouko. "Sulfur transformations in catalytic hot-gas cleaning of gasification gas /". Espoo [Finland] : Technical Research Centre of Finland, 2000. http://www.vtt.fi/inf/pdf/publications/2000/P425.pdf.
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Smith, Laura E. "Obscuring the distinctions, revealing the divergent visions modernity and Indians in the early works of Kiowa photographer Horace Poolaw, 1925-1945 /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3330805.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, History of Art Dept., 2008.Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on Jul 21, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-10, Section: A, page: 3782. Adviser: Sarah Burns.
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Fernandes, Nina Rosa de Almeida Lopes. "A presença do compositor brasileiro em recitais de piano na cidade de São Paulo (1925-1965)". Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/100/100135/tde-30012015-152554/.
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A partir da análise comparada do repertório de recitais para piano, apresentados em jornais da cidade de São Paulo nos anos 1925, 1935, 1945, 1955 e 1965, tentamos identificar qual era o gosto musical da época no que concerne ao piano, objetivando também qual era o espaço ocupado pelos compositores nacionais nestes recitais. Em consequência, foi possível perceber a presença de um grupo de compositores e pianistas nacionais nesses recitais tendo Mário de Andrade como mentor intelectual do grupo. Os dados levantados sugerem que a frequência desses compositores não superou em nenhum momento um terço do repertório no período, o que nos leva a conjecturar que o compositor nacional ocupava um lugar marginal na cena musical erudita da época.From the comparative analysis of the repertoire of piano recitals, found in the newspapers of the city of São Paulo during the years of 1925, 1935, 1945, 1955 and 1965, we tried to identify what was the kind of musical taste of that age, concerning the pieces for piano. We also tried to figure out what was the space occupied by national composers in these recitals. Consequently, it was possible to notice the presence of a group of composers and pianists having Mário de Andrade as the master mind of them. The collected data suggests that the frequency of these composers did not exceed, at any time, one third of the repertoire in that period, which leads us to conjecture that the national composer occupied a marginal place in the classical music scene of that epoch.
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Ross, Tamlyn Sue. "The apartheid censors' responses to the works of Frantz Fanon, Amilcar Cabral and Steve "Bantu" Biko". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/80165.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis explores the ways in which the censors during the apartheid era responded to the works of three black liberation theorists; namely Frantz Fanon, Amilcar Cabral and Steve Biko. Although other studies of apartheid‐era censorship have been published, this is the first to examine the censors’ reactions to the work of key African liberation writers. Apartheid in South Africa brought with it a stringent system of governance, which included a board of censors who would decide, according their interpretation of the laws of the time, whether a publication was considered to be “desirable” or “not undesirable.” One of the major themes examined in the thesis is the interface and tension between the specific and the transnational. As we shall see, all three liberation theorists put forward Pan‐African ideas of liberation, but often explicated upon the specificities of their particular liberation struggles. In a strange act of mirroring, while upholding the idea of South Africa as “a special case” (exempt from the norms of international human rights law), the apartheid‐era censors were concerned about the spread of Pan‐African theories of liberation. Beginning with Fanon, I speculate on the reason why Black Skin White Masks was not banned in South Africa, though Fanon’s later works to enter the country were banned. I also examine Gillo Pontecorvo’s film The Battle of Algiers, which was influenced by Fanon’s theories, and censorship, arguing that the “likely readers” or “likely viewers” of revolutionary material included not only possible revolutionaries, but also paranoid networks of counterinsurgency. I then move on to examine the apartheid censors’ responses to the works of Amilcar Cabral, outlining the interface and tension between local and continental as described above. The final chapter, which deals with the censors’ responses to Steve “Bantu” Biko’s I Write What I Like as well as Donald Wood’s Biko, the film Cry Freedom and other Biko related texts and memorabilia, has some surprises about the supposedly “liberal” censors’ responses to what they deemed to be “undesirable” and “not undesirable” literature.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis verken die manier waarop die sensuurraad tydens die apartheidera gereageer het op die werk van drie swart bevrydingsteoretici, by name Frantz Fanon, Amilcar Cabral en Steve Biko. Hoewel daar wel ander studies oor apartheidera‐sensuur die gepubliseer is, is hierdie die eerste studie wat die sensuurraad se reaksie op die werk van sleutel‐Afrikabevrydingskrywers verken. Apartheid het ‘n streng beheerstelsel in Suid‐Afrika tot gevolg gehad wat ‘n sensuurraad ingesluit het wat volgens sy interpretasie van die toenmalige wette kon besluit of ‘n publikasie “wenslik” of “nie‐wenslik” was. Een van die hooftemas wat in hierdie tesis ondersoek word is die interaksie en spanning tussen die spesifieke en die transnasionale. Soos sal blyk, het al drie bevrydingsteoretici Pan‐Afrikanistiese idees van bevryding ondersteun, maar dikwels die besondere van hul spesifieke bevrydingstryd uiteengesit. Die apartheidera‐sensors se kommer oor die verspreiding van die Pan‐ Afrikanistiese bevrydingsteorië, terwyl hulle die idee van Suid‐Afrika as “’n spesiale geval” (vrygestel van die norme van internasionale menseregtewetgewing) voorgehou het, was ‘n ironiese spieëlbeeld hiervan. Ek begin by Fanon en bespiegel oor die redes waarom Black Skin White Masks nooit in Suid‐Afrika verbied was nie hoewel Fanon se latere werk wat die land binnegekom het, wel verbied was. Ek ondersoek ook Gillo Pontecorvo se film The Battle of Algiers wat deur Fanon se teorië beïnvloed is, en argumenteer dat die “waarskynlike lesers” en “waarskynlike kykers” van revolusionêre materiaal nie slegs moontlike revolusionêre ingesluit het nie, maar ook paranoïede netwerke van teeninsurgensie. Ek gaan voort deur die reaksie van die apartheidera‐sensors op die werke van Amilcar Cabral te ondersoek en die interaksie en spanning tussen die plaaslike en die kontinentale, soos hierbo beskryf, uit te lig. Die slothoofstuk, wat handel oor die sensuurraad se reaksie op Steve “Bantu” Biko se I Write What I Like, asook Donald Woods se Biko, die film Cry Freedom en ander Biko‐verwante tekste en memorabilia, bevat verrassings omtrent die sogenaamde “liberale” sensors se reaksies op wat hulle as “wenslike” en “nie‐wenslike” literatuur beskou het.
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Tang, Wing-keung. "Redevelopment of potentially hazardous installations : a case study of the Hong Kong and China gas works at Ma Tau Kok /". [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13814199.
Texto completo da fonteLivros sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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Boele, Cora. De jaren van de Javaanse gasfabrieken, 1863-1905: Een episode uit de geschiedenis van het OGEM-concern. Rotterdam: Uitgeverij Waterstad, 1990.
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Office, General Accounting. Synthetic fuels: Status of the Great Plains Coal Gasification Project, August 1, 1985 : report to the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.
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Office, General Accounting. Synthetic fuels: Status of the Great Plains Coal Gasification Project, August 1, 1985 : report to the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.
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Paul, Berthier. Histoire du sucre au Maroc: Cosumar 80ème anniversaire 1929-2009. Casablanca: Le Croisee des chemins, 2009.
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Dewey, John. The later works, 1925-1953. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 1985.
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Office, General Accounting. Synthetic fuels: Status of the Great Plains Coal Gasification Project, August 1, 1985 : report to the Congress of the United States. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1985.
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Sougioutzoglou-Seraidarē, Nelly's. Nelly's Santorinē, 1925-1930. Athēna: Archeio Thēraikōn Meletōn, Syllogē Dēmētrē Tsitoura, 1987.
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Sougioutzoglou-Seraidarē, Nelly's. Nelly's Santorinē, 1925-1930. 4a ed. Athēna: Archeio Thēraikōn Meletōn, Syllogē Dēmētrē Tsitoura, 2001.
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Arntzen, Jon Gunnar. Oslo 1925-1945. [Oslo?]: Kom forlag, 2009.
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Oslo 1900-1925. Oslo]: Kom Forlag, 2010.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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Edye, Les A., e Margaret A. Clarke. "Sucrose Loss and Color Formation in Sugar Manufacture". In Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, 123–33. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1925-0_12.
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Kurti, Nicholas. "B1 (1942) Improvement in the Manufacture of Permanent Magnets". In Selected Works of Louis Neel, 273. London: CRC Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780367810580-42.
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Mallinson, Jonathan. "11. 1929–31: No Ordinary Potter". In William Moorcroft, Potter, 231–58. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0349.11.
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The Wall Street Crash of October 1929 caused havoc in the industry as a whole. Moorcroft’s trading figures declined progressively, and he was obliged, for the first time, to sell pieces at reduced prices. It is clear from his accounts, however, that losses were attributable not simply to reduced sales, but also to an increase in unpaid invoices, and Moorcroft’s continued reluctance to put his staff on part time. Significantly, even as he began to struggle commercially, his reputation as a designer continued to grow. He responded defiantly to the bleak economic climate with a series of new designs which celebrated the beauty and vitality of the natural world: Landscape, Leaf and Berry, and Fish. His exhibits at British Industries Fairs were reviewed as if they were artworks in a gallery rather than samples on a trade stand, and whose quality was never compromised by their affordability; as one critic noted, even the most modest object was, for its owner, a ‘collector’s piece’. This was the epitome of ‘everyday art’. Moorcroft’s art is examined, too, in the context of continued discussion about the improvement of industrial design. As leading manufacturers turned either to fine artists, or to Art School trained designers, Moorcroft’s commitment to his own designs became increasingly significant. Even more outspoken in his criticism of industrial production than Leach had been in 1928, he explicitly positioned himself as a craft potter, not least in an article written in 1930 on the occasion of the bicentenary of Josiah Wedgwood’s birth. He wrote as one who has the outreach of a manufacturer, but the creative principles of an artist. Letters written to his daughter during these years provide a unique insight into his aesthetic outlook and his ambition to combat the bleakness of the times with ceramic objects, both functional and decorative, characterised by their integrity of design and humanity of craft production. And this is how his work was received. One critic identified a quality of ‘soulfulness’ in his pottery, and private correspondence from individual owners attests to its inspirational effect.
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Mallinson, Jonathan. "8. 1919–23: A Lone Furrow". In William Moorcroft, Potter, 163–84. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0349.08.
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This chapter deals with the short-lived post-war boom, and its aftermath. Surviving factory documents record the continuing (and growing) demand for Moorcroft’s ware, long after other manufacturers struggled to stay afloat. Contemporary correspondence and reviews reveal his enterprise and sense of purpose. At a time of economic slowdown and widespread retrenchment, Moorcroft expanded his facilities, building kilns for both flambé and lustre ware, and defiantly maintaining production through the miners’ strikes of 1920 and 1921, firing his ovens with wood. His trade income continued to increase, allowing him to offset rising prices and to retain his rates of pay, which, in the industry as a whole, were declining steadily. What is striking about Moorcroft’s commercial success is that it was based on designs characterised by their sensitivity, rather than their appeal to fashion. Wares commemorating the Armistice were widely praised for their simple dignity, his lustre wares stirred the imagination of private correspondents and critics alike with their haunting iridescence, and his decorative designs brought serenity to a troubled post-war world. Moorcroft stood apart as an artist potter; as one store put it: ‘Once seen, your sense of the beautiful will never allow you to forget Moorcroft Ware’. The pottery was the expression of the artist. His own advertisements often displayed no more than his name and his signature, eloquently and succinctly conveying the individuality of his ware. Moorcroft openly distinguished himself from pottery manufacturers whose Federation he declined to join, and this distinctiveness was openly recognised. He was often referred to in reviews as an individual rather than as a firm, and his pottery pointedly depicted as a ‘studio ware’, just at the time when Bernard Leach and other independent potters were attracting the attention of critics. Reviews often identified qualities highlighted too in the work of studio potters, and his exhibition pieces commanded the same high prices as the finest studio wares. Against this background of success, Liberty’s decided, quite unprompted, to convert their (secured) debentures into (unsecured) shares, putting their investment on the same financial footing as Moorcroft’s own. At a time of growing economic uncertainty, this was a telling indication of their confidence in the artistic quality and commercial potential of his pottery.
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Mallinson, Jonathan. "12. 1932–35: Individuality and Industrial Art". In William Moorcroft, Potter, 259–90. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0349.12.
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The chapter explores Moorcroft’s creative principles against the background of the Gorrell report and the continuing debate about industrial design, energised by high-profile exhibitions at Dorland Hall (1933), Harrod’s (1934) and the Royal Academy (1935), each with its own priorities. Moorcroft continued to promote the value of individuality, craft and ornament, as opposed to the functionalist machine aesthetic championed by Pevsner or Read, but he overlapped in significant ways with modernist thinking. He was no less critical of contemporary industrial design, often characterised by angular shapes and strident ornament, and he shared the belief that good design should be judged by its coherence and suitability to the manufacturing process, that it should reflect inner conviction rather than commercial opportunism, and that it gives to everyday objects an essential and uplifting beauty. This overlap was exemplified in the widespread admiration for the formal purity of his Powder Blue tea ware which, although launched in 1914, already anticipated modern design values of the 1930s, ‘undatedly perfect’ in Pevsner’s words. These principles also informed Moorcroft’s decorative pottery which continued to attract critical attention, not from the perspective of industrial design (as was now often the case in reviews of studio pottery), but as art work singled out for its expressiveness. But in a letter to The Times he provocatively disowned the label ‘artist’, applied to him by the British Pottery Manufacturers Federation, rejecting the implication that (his) art was elitist, or affordable only by connoisseurs. All his work was seen to have the same quality of design and production, whatever its cost or function, and he presented himself as a fusion of artist and industrialist, a position particularly significant at a time when modern critical thinking was encouraging the collaboration of designers and manufacturers. Amid an ongoing debate about the nature and importance of a national design tradition, Moorcroft’s work was often regarded as English on account of its individuality, irreducible to a (mere) style. Mussolini’s purchase of a flambé vase at the Milan Triennial Exhibition of 1933, reported in the national press, was seen as evidence of the international appeal of this pottery.
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Strelkova, Guzel’. "The Translation of Russian Literature into Hindi". In Translating Russian Literature in the Global Context, 425–28. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0340.25.
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This chapter examines the history of Russian literary translations into Hindi, starting with the founder of modern Hindi literature, Munshi Premchand (1880-1936), who translated Lev Tolstoy. Many Hindi writers were influenced by Russian literature, translations of which appeared in India from the Soviet publishing houses ‘Foreign Literature’, ‘Progress’, and ‘Raduga’. Some Russian classics were not only widely translated, but even re-translated. Prominent Hindi translators include the writer Bhishma Sahni (1915-2003), who translated Tolstoy’s Resurrection, and later Madan Lal Madhu (1925-2014), who spent most of his life in the USSR, during which he translated into Hindi more than a hundred works of Russian prose and poetry, many directly from Russian. This chapter will revisit their achievements and legacy.
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Mallinson, Jonathan. "6. 1913–14: A New Beginning". In William Moorcroft, Potter, 115–36. Cambridge, UK: Open Book Publishers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0349.06.
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We consider the practical difficulties faced by Moorcroft in his first year at the new factory, built to a tight budget and at high speed. The move to full production was inevitably slow, and the consequential financial pressures were compounded by continuing disputes with Watkin about the market value of stock which Moorcroft bought from Macintyre’s. Drawing on contemporary documents and ledgers, we examine the design of the new works and its informed compliance with the ‘Regulations for the Manufacture and Decoration of Pottery’, enacted in 1913. Its distinctiveness, though, lay not just its compliance, but in its working environment, quite different from both industrial manufactories and smaller-scale art potteries. Closer to a studio, it was defined and energised by Moorcroft himself, who played an active role in all aspects of design and production, management and marketing, supported in this by his wife, Florence Lovibond, one of the first Women Factory Inspectors. This unique atmosphere was immediately noticed by reviewers, and written about in terms which implicitly linked it to the Arts and Crafts movement. We contrast it with Fry’s Omega Workshops, another variant on the Morris legacy, established at the same time. Moorcroft’s enterprise is seen to be both more personal and less exclusive, with a mission to create an ‘everyday art’ for more than a select few.
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Fruin, W. Mark, e Toshihiro Nishiguchi. "Supplying the Toyota Production System: Intercorporate Organizational Evolution and Supplier Subsystems". In Country Competitiveness, 225–46. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195072778.003.0013.
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Abstract There is now overwhelming agreement that the Toyota Production System (TPS) represents the world’s best practice for the manufacture of motor vehicles (Womack, Jones, and Roos 1990), though there is little evidence why the TPS works so well. The surprisingly large yet strategically important number of suppliers to Toyota Motor Corporation is a particularly confounding aspect of this puzzle. Though a sizeable literature has appeared relating the postwar Japanese motor vehicle industry to issues of industrial structure, industrial relations, and economic growth (e.g., Ono and Odaka 1988; Cusumano 1985), little integration has been made between these themes, especially with regard to assembler-supplier relations.
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Kennedy, Michael. "1925-1930". In The Works of Ralph Vaughan Williams, 185–226. Oxford University PressOxford, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198163305.003.0007.
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Abstract If we consider Vaughan Williams’s output between 1924 and 1930 and add to it the amount of teaching, conducting, lecturing and studying which was his lot, we can but marvel again at his energy and his powers of concentration. In these seven years, apart from minor works such as songs and arrangements, he began work on three operas-Sir John in Love, Riders to the Sea and The Poisoned Kiss-he sketched the first two movements of a pianoforte concerto and put them aside for six years, he wrote Flos Campi, Sancta Civitas, the Violin Concerto and Job. And he was joint editor of another hymn-book and a book of carols.
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Zdatny, Steven M. "Inventing the Artisanat, 1900-1925". In The Politics of Survival, 3–33. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195059403.003.0001.
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Abstract By reputation and fact, France has been the pre-eminent nation of small manufacture and skilled craftsmen. “There is no doubt,” wrote Andre Siegfried, “that the type most representative of French qualities is that of the artisan; thus it is necessary to defend him, to encourage him, to permit him to survive.”1 It may therefore seem paradoxical to say that France had no “artisanat” before the World War I, at least none aware of its own existence and organized accordingly.
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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X., BOYARINTSEVA. "JEWELRY FROM THE EARLY MEDIEVAL SITE SROSTKI-I". In MODERN SOLUTIONS TO CURRENT PROBLEMS OF EURASIAN ARCHEOLOGY. Altai State Univercity, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/msapea.2023.3.29.
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The article contains the information about the identification of the presence of jewelry based on the results of excavations of the mound group Srostki-I of different years. The materials of the expeditions of 1925, 1930, 2012-2014, 2016, which were carried out under the leadership of M.D. Kopytov, archaeologists M.N. Komarova, S.M. Sergeev, V.V. Gorbunov, are considered. Quantitative information is given in accordance with the types of products, groups are formed by the place of wearing jewelry. The use of non-ferrous metals and glass is noted as the main materials of manufacture, there are also inserts of stones. The most common products include jewelry belt set. The analysis was carried out on the basis of published materials and is the basis for further work with museum collections.
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Muffoletto, C. Verne, e John B. Goodell. "Cooperation Between the Lens Designer and Lens Manufacturer". In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1985.wc3.
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The lens manufacturer and lens designer should communicate throughout the entire lens manufacture cycle which includes design, fabrication, testing, delivery and often, post-delivery. In the early design stages the designer must attempt to choose reasonably available optical materials which have suitable chemical, physical and optical properties, and which are workable. The manufacturer should not be forced to work with configurations requiring inordinately tight tolerances. An example is two extreme lens shape factors which balance each other in almost unstable equilibrium.
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Plummer, William T. "Generalized aspheres in high-volume camera production". In OSA Annual Meeting. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oam.1985.thb2.
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Since 1973 the Polaroid SX-70 camera and newer models that have evolved from it have contained two injection-molded generalized aspheric lenses, and millions have been manufactured. Continuing work with design, manufacture, and testing of optical systems based on generalized aspheres has led to new product capabilities.
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Seliverstova, Elena A., e Natalya N. Beklemesheva. "IVAN BUNIN. “THE GENTLEMAN FROM SAN-FRANSISCO”: COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS". In Люди речисты - 2021. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I. N. Ulyanov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.33065/978-5-907216-49-5-2021-276-288.
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The paper aims to study and compare English translations of Ivan Bunin's novella “The Gentleman from San Francisco” (1915). Analysis is based on translations of different time periods: D.G. Lawrence and S.S. Kotelyansky (1917), A. Yarmolinsky (1918), B. Guerney (1923), T. Seltzer (1925), and D. Richards (1987). The works of I. Bunin have always had an appeal to translators, who tried to rise to the challenge of capturing Bunin’s idiosyncrasy in the English language.
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Das, Diganta, Satyandra K. Gupta e Dana S. Nau. "Estimation of Setup Time for Machined Parts: Accounting for Work-Holding Constraints Using a Vise". In ASME 1995 15th International Computers in Engineering Conference and the ASME 1995 9th Annual Engineering Database Symposium collocated with the ASME 1995 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/cie1995-0793.
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Abstract For machined parts, setup time is a major component of the total time required to manufacture a machined part from a stock. If the number of setups and hence setup time can be reduced, this will not only decrease the manufacturing time, but will also ensure better machining accuracy, require fewer work-holding devices and increase machine usage time. To achieve any improvement in setup time, first we need to estimate the setup time accurately. In this paper we propose a methodology to estimate the setup time for machining prismatic parts in a three axis vertical machining center. We concurrently consider three major factors for estimating the number of setups, namely — the precedence constraints among machining operations, the feasibility of work holding using vise clamping, and the availability of datum faces for locating the workpiece on the machine table during machining on a 3 axis vertical machining center.
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Wielage, B., M. Zschunke, A. Henker e S. Steinhäuser. "Manufacture and Characterization of Particle Reinforced Aluminum Coatings". In ITSC 1996, editado por C. C. Berndt. ASM International, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.itsc1996p0333.
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Abstract For reasons of the decrease in weight in the industry light cage design materials like aluminum alloys are frequently used. Because the wear resistance of aluminum alloys and/or aluminum generally is not sufficient, an increased wear resistance can be reached by means of particle reinforced aluminum coatings. The installation of ceramic reinforcing components (for example oxide particles) in the ductile metal matrix brings an essential improvement of the wear resistance particularly with regard to abrasion and short time fatigue wear. The results presented in the paper refer to research works concerning thermally sprayed Al - coatings with Al2O3- and SiC - particles as reinforcement components by vacuum plasma spraying.
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Helm, John B., e Herbert A. Miska. "Specifying Fused Silica for Large Optics". In Optical Fabrication and Testing. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/oft.1985.wbb1.
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While there are currently four suppliers of Fused Silica to the U.S. market, this paper deals with material produced by the Corning Glass Works because that is what the authors are familiar with. Fused Silica is a synthetic, amorphous glass manufactured by a flame hydrolysis process. It differs from more conventional optical glasses in that it consists of nearly 100% pure silicon dioxide and therefore features exceptional transmittance in the ultraviolet as well as a very low coefficient of thermal expansion. While conventional optical glasses are manufactured by melting batches of the correct mineral constituents, fused silica is made by a chemical process in which silicon tetrachloride, natural gas and oxygen are combined in a burner and droplets of pure SiO2 are caused to precipitate.
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Sofronovici, Stefan. "Ethnographic and folkloric heritage of Nichita P. Smochina". In Simpozion Național de Studii Culturale, dedicat Zilelor Europene ale Patrimoniului. Ediția III. Institute of Cultural Heritage, Republic of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52603/sc21.17.
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Nichita Parfenie Smochina left us a rich ethnographic and folkloric heritage. He is the first member of the Romanian Academy among the Transnistrian Romanians, inhabitants for centuries on the lands between the Dniester and the Bug, elected as an honorary member of the Romanian Academy on June 2, 1942. The Bessarabian Stefan Ciobanu was also part of the composition of the commission that recommended him. At that time, the newcomer to the Romanian Academy was known as an ethnographer, folklorist, sociologist, historian and publicist. Nichita Smochină has eight articles published in French, three articles in German, two articles published in Italian and two articles in Russian. He published 63 works in Romanian. We mention some of N. Smochină's ethnological and folklore studies: „Duminica Mare la moldovenii de peste Nistru” („Great Sunday among the Moldovans across the Dniester”) (1924), „Craciunul la moldovenii de peste Nistru” („Christmas among the Moldovans across the Dniester") (1925), „Anul Nou la romanii de peste Nistru” („New Year among the Romanians across the Dniester") (1925), „Boboteaza la românii transnistreni” („Epiphany among the Transnistrian Romanians”) (1927), „Prohoadele la moldovenii de peste Nistru” („The burials among the Moldovans across the Dniester”) (1927), „Iarba verde la moldovenii de peste Nistru” („Green Grass among the Moldovans across the Dniester”) (1927), „Din literatura populară la românii de peste Nistru” („From the Popular Literature of the Romanians Across the Dniester”) (1939), „Primele ctitorii între Nistru și Bug” („The First Foundations between the Dniester and the Bug”) (1942), „Ctitorii românești la răsărit de Bug” („Romanian Founders to the East of the Bug”)(1942) and others.
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Fang, Yanqing. "Research on the Copyright Protection of Open Source Code and Its Derivative Software Works Based on Internet and Information Technology". In AIAM2021: 2021 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacture. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3495018.3495376.
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Rahimi, Farhad. "ON WİTNESSES OF BABUR SHAH İN CHAGATAİ DİCTİONARİES". In The Impact of Zahir Ad-Din Muhammad Bobur’s Literary Legacy on the Advancement of Eastern Statehood and Culture. Alisher Navoi' Tashkent state university of Uzbek language and literature, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52773/bobur.conf.2023.25.09/kasx5498.
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Chagatai Turkish is a written language that continued to be used from the beginning of the 13thcentury to the beginning of the 20th century. After Navoi’s death, various dictionaries began to be written in every corner of the Islamic world to make his works easier to read. These dictionaries, which were generally written in the Ottoman Empire, Iran, Azerbaijan, India and Turkistan and have a greatvalue for the history of the development of the Turkish language, formed a school of lexicography. In the field of Iran, Chagatai Turkish dictionaries have been arranged in order to understand the works of Ali Sher Navoi. After the death of Navoi, many Chagatai Turkish dictionaries were written during the three successive Turkish dynasties, Safavids (1501-1736), Afshars (1736-1747) and Qajars (1795-1925). Nezrali’s dictionary, Feraghi’s Miftâhu'l-Lugatdictionary, Bedâyiü’l-Lugatand Abdulcemil Nasîri’s Kitab-i Türkiare among the dictionaries written during the Safavid period. A giant work like Senglah, written by Mirza Mehdi Khan, who was the author and historian of Nadir Shah during the Afshar dynasty, is extremely important in terms of showing the importance of Chagatai Turkish in this period. The interest in Chagatai Turkish continued during the period of Qajar rule, which is a continuation of the Turkish states in Iran; Dictionaries such as Hulasa-yi Abbasi, Et-Tamga-yı Nâsiriand Fethali Kachardictionary were written. In this study, information about the Chagatai Turkish Dictionary of Fethali Kachar, Feraghiand Nezrali, which we have previously published in Turkey, is given, and then the examples of Babur Shah, who are referenced as witnesses in these works and emphasized.
Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Manufacture and works, 1925"
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Coyle, William, Mark Gehlhar, Thomas Hertel, Zhi Wang e Wusheng Yu. Understanding the Determinants of structural Change in World Food Markets. GTAP Working Paper, setembro de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp02.
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This study assesses the interaction between climate change and agricultural trade policies. We distinguish between two dimensions of agricultural trade policy: market insulation and subsidy levels. Building on the previous work of Tsigas, Frisvold and Kuhn (1997) we find that, in the presence of current levels of agricultural subsidies, increased price transmission --as called for under the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture-- reduces global welfare in the wake of climate change. This is due to the positive correlation between productivity changes and current levels of agricultural support. Increases in subsidized output under climate change tend to exacerbate inefficiencies in the global agricultural economy in the absence of market insulation. However, once agricultural subsidies have also been eliminated, price transmission via the global trading system contributes positively to economic adaptation under climate change. products. This may partially explain the relatively slow growth of world grain import demand in recent years. In addition, bilateral agreements with East Asia, NAFTA, and the evolution of the CAP, have all had important impacts on the structure of world food and agricultural trade. The objective of this paper is to assess the relative role of each of the major forces-- consumer demand, factor accumulation, transport costs, and policy change--in driving changes in the composition of world food trade in 1980-1995. To do so, we employ a modified version of the Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) model of world trade which permits us to isolate the contribution of each of these related factors to the changing composition of world food trade in a general equilibrium context. We evaluate the relative role of each of these factors by simulating the model backwards in time, from 1995 to 1980 under different assumptions. This general approach, termed “backcasting” (i.e. backwards forecasting), takes as exogenous the basic drivers of change and attempts to explain the resulting change in food trade composition. The model-produced changes in the composition of agricultural and food trade are compared with historical trade data, to determine the relative importance of each factor on the changing composition of food trade. Given limited space, our focus will be on explaining the changes in the global composition of food and agriculture trade. A natural follow-on effort would target specific markets in more detail. This type of backcasting approach was first employed by Gehlhar (1997) who sought to explain the shift in exports of primary commodities to manufactures in East Asia in the 1980's. He calibrated the GTAP model to 1992 data, then implemented shocks to factor endowments and economywide total factor productivity (TFP) in order to force each economy back to its 1982 levels of population, land, labor, human capital, physical capital and technology. By comparing actual and predicted changes in export shares in this period, he found human capital accumulation played a key role in explaining the change in the aggregate composition of East Asian exports. Gehlhar, Hertel and Martin (1994) built on this work in an effort to predict future changes in the pattern of agricultural trade from 1992-2002. They also emphasized the importance of supply-side determinants of agricultural trade. In this paper, we go beyond this earlier work in a number of ways. First, we focus on the composition of agricultural exports, rather than simply looking at the share of agriculture in total trade. Secondly, we incorporate the Cranfield et al. estimates of Rimmer and Powell’s recently developed, implicitly directly additive demand system (nicknamed AIDADS) into the GTAP model. This permits us to better capture the impact of demand-side changes on the pattern of global tr
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Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia, Working Group on. Report on Botulinum Neurotoxin-Producing Clostridia. Food Standards Agency, agosto de 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.ozk974.
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In 1992 a working group of the UK Advisory Committee on the Microbiological Safety of Food presented a report on Vacuum Packaging and Associated Processes regarding the microbiological safety of chilled foods. The report supported subsequent guidance provided by the UK Food Standards Agency for the safe manufacture of vacuum packed and modified atmosphere packed chilled foods. In 2021 the ACMSF requested that a new subgroup should update and build on the 1992 report as well as considering, in addition to chilled foods, some foods that are intended to be stored at ambient temperatures. The new subgroup agreed a scope that includes the conditions that support growth and/or neurotoxin formation by C. botulinum, and other clostridia, as well as identification of limiting conditions that provide control. Other foodborne pathogens that need to be considered separately and some foods including raw beef, pork and lamb were explicitly excluded. The subgroup considered the taxonomy, detection, epidemiology, occurrence, growth, survival and risks associated with C. botulinum and other neurotoxin-forming clostridia. There has been no significant change in the nature of foodborne botulism in recent decades except for the identification of rare cases caused by neurotoxigenic C. butyricum, C. baratii and C. sporogenes. Currently evidence indicates that non-clostridia do not pose a risk in relation to foodborne botulism. The subgroup has compiled lists of incidents and outbreaks of botulism, reported in the UK and worldwide, and have reviewed published information concerning growth parameters and control factors in relation to proteolytic C. botulinum, non-proteolytic C. botulinum and the other neurotoxigenic clostridia. The subgroup concluded that the frequency of occurrence of foodborne botulism is very low (very rare but cannot be excluded) with high severity (severe illness: causing life threatening or substantial sequelae or long-term illness). Uncertainty associated with the assessment of the frequency of occurrence, and with the assessment of severity, of foodborne botulism is low (solid and complete data; strong evidence in multiple sources). The vast majority of reported botulism outbreaks, for chilled or ambient stored foods, are identified with proteolytic C. botulinum and temperature abuse is the single most common cause. In the last 30 years, in the UK and worldwide where a cause can be identified, there is evidence that known controls, combined with the correct storage, would have prevented the reported incidents of foodborne botulism. The subgroup recommends that foods should continue to be formulated to control C. botulinum, and other botulinum neurotoxin-producing clostridia, in accordance with the known factors. With regard to these controls, the subgroup recommends some changes to the FSA guidelines that reflect improved information about using combinations of controls, the z-value used to establish equivalent thermal processes and the variable efficacy associated with some controls such as herbs and spices. Current information does not facilitate revision of the current reference process, heating at 90°C for 10 minutes, but there is strong evidence that this provides a lethality that exceeds the target 6 order of magnitude reduction in population size that is widely attributed to the process and the subgroup includes a recommendation that the FSA considers this issue. Early detection and connection of cases and rapid, effective coordinated responses to very rare incidents are identified as crucial elements for reducing risks from foodborne botulism. The subgroup recommends that the FSA works closely with other agencies to establish clear and validated preparedness in relation to potential major incidents of foodborne botulism in the UK.