Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Maintenance conditionnelle – Transports ferroviaires"
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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Maintenance conditionnelle – Transports ferroviaires"
Brahimi, Mehdi. "Développement d'une approche de 'Prognostics and Health Management' pour l'infrastructure ferroviaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018UBFCD026.
Texto completo da fonteDeveloping intelligent systems that can meet the growing needs for transportation is a key competitiveness issue for the different stakeholders in the railway industry. In this context, the current collection system, consisting of the overhead contact line (catenary) and the pantograph, is a key element of the railway infrastructure. In fact, a damaged or degraded component of the catenary can cause significant delays, can damage the infrastructure and the rolling stock, and can cause significant financial losses for the railway operator. In this way, railway manufacturers such as Alstom are trying to develop modern maintenance solutions to manage the operability of systems and ensure their availability. In order to achieve objectives of system availability, reliability, and safety, the most currently studied approach is the "Prognostics and Health Management" (PHM). In this thesis, the first contribution consists in formalizing a process for the deployment and development of a PHM system regarding the specific context of the railway infrastructure, and more particularly the current collection system. The second contribution of the thesis deals with the diagnostics function for the overhead contact line system. The proposed diagnostics approach ensures the detection, the identification, and the localization of different failure modes of the catenary from contact force measurements. The considered approach is based on support vector machines (SVM) and specific features extracted from the contact force. The data used for the validation of the diagnostics procedure are derived from the simulation, afterward, inline data are used to validate the method and to propose an industrial deployment of the diagnostics approach. Finally, the last contribution concerns the development of a prognostics function for the catenary contact wire. This method is based on the use of wear models and filtering approaches. Prognostics performances were evaluated based on the relevance of the prognostics-based maintenance decision. This thesis allowed the implementation of different approaches for a PHM deployment for the catenary system
Le, Nguyen Minh Huong. "Online machine learning-based predictive maintenance for the railway industry". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAT027.
Texto completo da fonteBeing an effective long-distance mass transit, the railway will continue to flourish for its limited carbon footprint in the environment. Ensuring the equipment's reliability and passenger safety brings forth the need for efficient maintenance. Apart from the prevalence of corrective and periodic maintenance, predictive maintenance has come into prominence lately. Recent advances in machine learning and the abundance of data drive practitioners to data-driven predictive maintenance. The common practice is to collect data to train a machine learning model, then deploy the model for production and keep it unchanged afterward. We argue that such practice is suboptimal on a data stream. The unboundedness of the stream makes the model prone to incomplete learning. Dynamic changes on the stream introduce novel concepts unseen by the model and decrease its accuracy. The velocity of the stream makes manual labeling infeasible and disables supervised learning algorithms. Therefore, switching from a static, offline learning paradigm to an adaptive, online one is necessary, especially when new generations of connected trains continuously generating sensor data have already been a reality. We investigate the applicability of online machine learning for predictive maintenance on typical complex systems in the railway. First, we develop InterCE as an active learning-based framework that extracts cycles from an unlabeled stream by interacting with a human expert. Then, we implement a long short-term memory autoencoder to transform the extracted cycles into feature vectors that are more compact yet remain representative. Finally, we design CheMoc as a framework that continuously monitors the condition of the systems using online adaptive clustering. Our methods are evaluated on the passenger access systems on two fleets of passenger trains managed by the national railway company SNCF of France
Mbuli, John William. "Proposition d'un système multi-agent pour la planification réactive des opérations de maintenance d'une flotte de systèmes cyber-physiques mobiles : application au domaine ferroviaire". Thesis, Valenciennes, Université Polytechnique Hauts-de-France, 2019. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/94c820c4-cf03-4a1c-8bbb-6a3284fc51dd.
Texto completo da fonteThe manufacturers and the operators of the fleets of cyber-physical systems (CPSs) are subjected to huge expectations expressed in terms of the availability and reliability of the provided products and services during the exploitation of these fleets in dynamic environments. These expectations foster the fleet manufacturers, particularly in the transportation sector, to develop effective mechanisms as far as the reactive planning of the maintenance operations at the fleet level is concerned. In this research work, a multi-agent system (MAS) for the reactive maintenance planning of a fleet of CPSs is proposed. The proposed MAS is conceived by using the ANEMONA design methodology and it aims at optimizing the fleet maintenance planning decisions to meet the specified objectives. The experiments carried out in the course of this work demonstrate the ability of the proposed MAS in planning the fleet maintenance effectively (i.e. satisfying the fleet’s availability and reliability requirements in a static environment) and reactively (i.e. being able to adapt/modify the fleet maintenance planning decisions following perturbations). The effectiveness of the MAS model is validated by a mathematical programming model and its reactivity is tested by using simulated perturbations. An application in rail transport industry to the fleet of trains at Bombardier Transportation France is proposed. The proposed MAS is integrated in a decision support system called "MainFleet". The development of Main-Fleet at Bombardier is ongoing
Le, Mortellec Antoine. "Proposition d'une architecture de surveillance "active" à base d'agents intelligents pour l'aide à la maintenance de systèmes mobiles - Application au domaine ferroviaire". Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947981.
Texto completo da fonteFoulliaron, Josquin. "Utilisation des modèles graphiques probabilistes pour la mise en place d'une politique de maintenance à base de pronostic". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1205/document.
Texto completo da fonteOne of the most important consequences due to current developments in the rail industry is the increase of stresses on tracks and rolling stock; in terms of loads, frequencies, and both in terms of availability and security requirements. Therefore, looking for optimal maintenance policies to meet the availability, cost and security objectives has become a particularly topical subject. To address this need of maintenance strategy adjustment, approaches using bayesian networks have increasingly been used for the development of decision support tools. To overcome the restrictive Markovian assumption induced by the use of standard bayesian networks, a specific structure has been proposed to accurately model a degradation process in discrete case using any kind of sojourn time distributions. This approach called "Graphical duration model" make possible to describe multicomponent and multi state system behaviours by taking into account many exogenous variables. This semi-markovian modelling of the degradation has mainly been used to evaluate and compare different maintenance strategies based on corrective, systematic and conditional approaches. This PhD thesis aims to extend previous works to predictive maintenance policies. This approach, based on prognosis computations, has the advantage to predict the optimal intervention time maximizing the remaining useful life of the system and both satisfying operating and maintaining constraints. Considered systems have finite discrete state spaces and are periodically observable as many existing ones in the industry and particularly in the field of transport systems. The presented works, based on the dynamic bayesian network formalism and the graphical duration model, propose prognostic tools in order to model the set of predictive maintenance policies. A prognosis algorithm is first introduced to compute the remaining useful life (RUL) of the system and update this estimation each time a new diagnosis is available. To improve the prognosis estimation accuracy, a new degradation model is proposed to take into account the possible existence of many coexisting degradation modes. The principle is to identify at each time the active degradation mode and then to use this information to choose sojourn times considered in next states using conditional sojourn times distributions. At last, some solutions to reduce the complexity of inference computations are proposed
Zhang, Xiaoyan. "Cross-industry digital innovation in asset maintenance : a phenomenon-based exploratory case study". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ECDL0051.
Texto completo da fonteA phenomenon-based exploratory case study Abstract This thesis captures, describes, documents, and conceptualize an unexplored yet significant phenomenon, cross-industry digital innovation, by cross-fertilizing the asset maintenance in aviation and rail freight industries. Rail is the most energy-efficient and low-emitting freight transport mode. However, the status quo of rail freight wagon maintenance in Europe presents a state of inefficiency and lack of intelligence. With the rapid development of digital technologies, condition-based and predictive maintenance represent an excellent opportunity to yield a big efficiency leap in wagon maintenance, thus potentially making rail freight transport competitive and sustainable. This thesis argues that how to leverage digital technologies to benefit rail freight wagon maintenance is not only a technical problem of how to make good use of digital technology to improve maintenance efficiency, but also a strategic problem of how to innovate business model to generate value growth for rail freight industry. When solving such complex practical problems, sometimes the best ideas come from outside your industry. As initiated by the Aero-Ferro Benchmark project, learning the best practice from aviation will contribute to rail freight success. Thus, this thesis aims to theoretically conceptualize how to carry out cross-industry digital innovation in asset maintenance, and to practically solve the problem of what rail freight can learn from the aviation industry. In this respect, this thesis reviews relevant theories in the field of innovation and strategy aiming to find theoretical support. However, based on the knowledge gaining from literature, it is found that cross-industry digital innovation is such an infant field that no well-established and well-fitting theory could directly help define, analyze and address this complex issue. This motivates us to conceptualize a new theoretical framework to explain this emerging phenomenon. To achieve this purpose, this thesis conducts an exploratory case study on digital innovation in asset maintenance in aviation and rail freight industries. We start from determining a preliminary asset maintenance system framework from two sub-system (technical system and business system) to guide the phenomenon-based theorizing. Then, an abductive reasoning and system combing approach is followed, together with literature review and case study as the main research methods. Findings from case study on the technical system argue that the maintenance strategy of rail freight wagons will undergo an imperative paradigm shift from preventive to predictive, especially in terms of utilizing digital technology and data management. Thus, a technical architecture of condition monitoring based predictive maintenance for rail freight wagons is proposed in this thesis. For the business system, this thesis analyzes the changing roles of main actors in this emerging digital maintenance landscape and the evolution of their business models in wagon maintenance ecosystem, forecasting the potential business model innovation of rolling stock(wagon) OEMs, cargo rail operators and wagon keepers. In doing so, this thesis offers insightful theoretical and practical contributions. First, this thesis contributes to advancing the theory building in cross-industry digital innovation. A phenomenon-based cross-industry digital innovation strategy framework is developed. Second, this thesis contributes to guiding the problem-solving strategy of digital innovation in wagon maintenance in rail freight industry
Malo-Estepa, Andrés. "Prise en compte de la variabilité des caractéristiques de suspension d'un bogie pour l'optimisation des opérations de maintenance". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018VALE0041.
Texto completo da fonteThe reduction of maintenance costs is a key stake for the competitivity of railway rolling stock manufacturers. The optimization of maintenance operations can be addressed by less, better-planned overhaul operations, through an increase of the life-cycle of some components. Among the most frequently checked suspension organs, rubber-to-metal elements have a key role on the bogie performance. The change on the mechanical properties of these elements are studied by accelerated ageing techniques, so as to represent their behaviour throughout their lifecycle. Several hyper-elastic laws, associated with the characterization of the rubber ageing, have been proposed in these works. These models have been used to simulate the behaviour of the real components. Hence, a set of tools describing the variability observed on the parts is proposed, allowing the design of a strategy for dynamics simulations considering several models of an already approved rolling stock model. The aim is to quantify the variability effect on the safety indexes demanded by standard norms. Finally, this study justifies the pertinence of a strategy aiming life-cycle extensions while ensuring the intrinsic safety levels required on railway rolling stock
Paterna, Hidalgo Angel. "Gestion patrimoniale des infrastructures de la ratp : développement d'un processus d'aide à la décision pour optimiser la stratégie de maintenance". Thesis, Paris Est, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PESC1200/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe RATP is the operator and asset manager of the public railway transport of Paris and the next suburbs. Nowadays, with more than 10 million trips per day, this transport network is one of the most crowded in the world. In this context of high service requirements, the RATP asset managers must assure the structural integrity, the quality of service and the sustainability of an aging and heterogeneous asset. However, available budgets are, by nature, limited and, in this context, two tasks become essential: to justify budget requirements and to optimize the programming of maintenance actions. The current asset strategy is based on visual inspections to detect degradation symptoms that concern the structural integrity of the structure. Depending on these results, managers must select and prioritize the maintenance actions taking into account the constraints involved in asset management. This decision-making process is based on the expert knowledge and is not formalized. In this context, the purpose of this thesis is to develop a multicritera decision support tool which reduces the inherent variability degree of visual inspections and the lack of transparency in the decision-making process. In order to provide RATP's managers a decision support tool, this research is based on the next stages :- The development of a functional model of degradation mechanisms by the application of the operational safety methods. The Functional Analyse (FA), the Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) and the casual graphs are applied to know how infrastructures function, degrade and interact with the environment.- The construction of a decision support tool based on multicriteria methods. The first stage is the construction of a lot of criteria formalizing the technical, economic and social aspects involved in the RATP's asset management (rule based assignment model). The second stage is the application of ELECTRE methods to develop a multicriteria decision support tool which optimizes the management of the RATP's asset. This tool is tested on the line 4 of the Paris metro in order to study development prospects. The main prospect is the operational development of this tool in the context of the management of the RATP's asset
Adoum, Ahmat Fadil. "Proposition d’une architecture de surveillance holonique pour l’aide à la maintenance proactive d’une flotte de systèmes mobiles : application au domaine ferroviaire". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019VALE0001/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe maintenance of mobile systems fleets in the world of transport and logistics is of increasing importance today due to the increasing expectations of operators in terms of safety, reliability, monitoring, diagnosis and maintenance of these systems. In this context, fleet maintainers often have to deal with huge amounts of raw data, information and monitoring events related to the context of their systems. Moreover, these events, data and information are often lack precision and often contradictory or obsolete. Finally, the urgency of maintenance decisions is rarely taken into account. This work is devoted to the proposal and the development of a monitoring architecture to help maintain a fleet of mobile systems. This architecture, called EMH², is intended to facilitate the diagnosis and monitoring of this type of fleet. It is built on holonic principles, from the lowest (sensors) to the highest levels (a whole fleet of mobile systems). It is also based on a standardization of processed events in order to process the data generically. This architecture, independent of the types of systems monitored and their hierarchical level, can become the backbone of an effective strategy for proactive fleet maintenance. A deployment methodology is thus proposed. A simulation study and an application on a fleet of 10 trains currently in service is presented
Arenas, Pimentel Luis Diego. "Contributions d'un modèle microscopique à la résolution du problème de construction d'une grille horaire et à la planification des activités de maintenance de l'infrastructure ferroviaire". Thesis, Valenciennes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016VALE0034/document.
Texto completo da fonteMost railway systems experience a growing demand of railway capacity. To face this demand, either new infrastructure must be built or a more efficient exploitation of the existing one must be attained. Timetables play a determinant role in the efficient capacity exploitation. Most timetabling approaches in the literature are based on macroscopic representations of the infrastructure. This may lead to inefficient and in some cases, impractical solutions. Instead, microscopic approaches are based on more realistic modelling of the elements of the railway system. This guarantees the feasibility of the timetables while promoting an efficient capacity exploitation. However, due to their complexity, the scope of microscopic approaches is typically restricted to main stations. Despite the optimization of timetables, the performance of infrastructure maintenance may severely impact the trains' circulations in the network. Therefore, the timetable may have to be rearranged to ensure an efficient capacity exploitation. We present two main contributions in this thesis: first, a microscopic approach for timetable design. Second, a microscopic approach for timetable rearrangement to cope with maintenance. This is the first microscopic approach in the literature to tackle this problem while also considering specific aspects as temporary speed limitations. After a thorough experimental analysis, we demonstrate the validity of our approaches and their practical applicability in real life scenarios. In particular, we show that microscopic approaches can be used to tackle large areas of the infrastructure, including several stations