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Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Macrophages"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 25 de julho de 2025

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1

Svensson, Ulf. "Macrophage activation by bacteria signalling to prostaglandin and cytokine responses /." Lund : Dept. of Medical & Physiological Chemistry, Lund University, 1994. http://books.google.com/books?id=sAhrAAAAMAAJ.

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2

Higuera, González Laura 1993. "Novel transcription regulators of tissue macrophages and alternative macrophage polarization." Doctoral thesis, TDX (Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa), 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/672702.

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Macrophages play crucial roles in the defense of the organism against a wide range of pathogens. Macrophages can rapidly adapt to perturbations in the microenvironment due to the existence of a network of transcription factors that modulates their responses. While transcription factors that regulate macrophage identity have been widely described in the past decades, the role of transcription regulators that fine-tune tissue macrophage responses in homeostasis and infection is starting to be elucidated. Our group has previously identified transcription regulators of pro-inflammatory macrophag
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3

Tabata, Yasuhiko. "Macrophage phagocytosis of polymer microspheres and antitumor activation of macrophages." Kyoto University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/74704.

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4

Raborn, Erinn Shenee. "Cannabinoid Modulation of Chemotaxis of Macrophages and Macrophage-like Cells." VCU Scholars Compass, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10156/1333.

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5

Grand-Perret, Thierry A. R. "Induction d'une activité anti-tumorale chez les macrophages péritonéaux murins." Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112301.

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6

Bouchareychas, Laura. "Implication des phagocytes mononuclées dans l'évolution de la plaque d'athérosclérose et relation avec l'homéostasie du cholestérol et des lipoprotéines." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066282/document.

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L'athérosclérose est un processus physiopathologique chronique impliqué dans la majorité des maladies cardio-vasculaires. Le développement des lésions d'athérosclérose est caractérisé par l'accumulation de lipides extra et intracellulaires dans la paroi artérielle à l'origine d'une forte réponse inflammatoire impliquant notamment les macrophages. Les macrophages sont considérés comme des acteurs clés dans le développement des plaques d'athérosclérose. En effet, de par leur capacité à métaboliser le cholestérol (captation, stockage, efflux), à réguler l'inflammation et à phagocyter les cellules
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7

Di, Maggio Paula. "Dietary lipids and inflammation : chylomicron remnants suppress pro-inflammatory pathways and activate antioxidant defence mechanisms in human macrophages." Thesis, Royal Veterinary College (University of London), 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.618287.

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8

Georges, George Tharwat. "Novel Characteristics of Murine Bone Marrow-Derived Macrophages and Human Macrophage-Like Cells." VCU Scholars Compass, 2006. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/932.

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These studies provide evidence for novel properties of macrophages derived from bone marrow stem cells. In study 1, treatment of activated mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMM) with either catecholamine synthesis inhibitors (α-methyl-para-tyrosine and fusaric acid) or the β2 adrenergic receptor antagonist ICI 118,551 demonstrated that BMM produce catecholamines. The catecholamines modulated macrophage cytokine production through autocrine actions on adrenergic receptors. In study II, undifferentiated human bone marrow cells were incubated in 30% mouse L929 fibroblast conditioned medium
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9

Awomoyi, Agnes Abiola Oluwatoyin. "Genetics of susceptibility to tuberculosis." Thesis, Open University, 2000. http://oro.open.ac.uk/58012/.

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Convincing evidence that activated macrophages play a critical role in control of mycobacterial diseases has been clearly established from animal and in-vitro studies. Macrophages produce a variety of molecules upon appropriate stimulation, which act in concert towards eventual killing of bacteria. People with SUb-optimal macrophage activation are more susceptible to infection with intracellular pathogens. My project aims to answer two questions relating to genetic regulation of macrophage activation in tuberculosis: do macrophage genes regulate microbial-induced responses and do macrophage ge
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10

Suñer, Navarro Clara. "CPEB4 function in macrophages." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/663483.

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As innate immune cells, macrophages sense endogenous and exogenous danger signals and respond orchestrating inflammatory processes. For the rapid induction and efficient resolution of inflammatory responses, macrophages induce the expression of pro- inflammatory and anti-inflammatory mediators, which cross-regulate each other through feedback loops. This process requires tightly controlled gene expression at multiple levels. Recently, the regulation of mRNA deadenylation has emerged as a key regulator of the strength and, critically, the duration of transient inflammatory responses. Cytoplasm
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11

Alvarez-Hernandez, J. "Iron metabolism in macrophages." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.375442.

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12

Ng, Gilbert Sai Ho. "Inflammatory mechanosensing in macrophages." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.709113.

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13

Kotter, Mark Reinhard. "Macrophages and CNS remyelination." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.614264.

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14

Meng, Luxi. "Adipocytes, Macrophages and Inflammation." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/10183.

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While there is a very strong correlation between obesity and the development of insulin resistance and Type II diabetes, the molecular mechanisms involved are still unknown. However, one clue is that in both human subjects and animal models, obese adipose tissue is infiltrated with M1 macrophages and this creates a systemic low-grade, chronic inflammatory state that could be responsible for the negative consequences of obesity. A better understanding of the relationship between the adipocytes and macrophages under the inflammatory milieu may inform intervention strategies. In this study, the
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15

Chanez, Pascal. "Hétérogéneité morphologique et fonctionnelle des macrophages des voies aériennes de l'asthmatique." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T038.

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16

Gui, Philippe. "Caractérisation de la migration trans-tissulaire des macrophages." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2612/.

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L'infiltration de macrophages dans les tumeurs est associée à un mauvais pronostic. Le contrôle de leur migration trans-tissulaire représente donc un enjeu thérapeutique important. Ma thèse a consisté à identifier les mécanismes impliqués dans cette migration. Grâce à des approches d'observation directe du comportement migratoire des cellules dans des tissus vivants (microscopie intravitale et explants tissulaires ex vivo), je montre que les macrophages in vivo adoptent un mode de migration distinct selon le tissu. Dans un fibrosarcome (tissu dense), ils ont une migration de type mésenchymateu
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17

Alhanghari, Mofeda Abdussalam. "The Anti-Apoptotic Effect of HSV-1 ON Murine Macrophages: RAW 246.7Murine Macrophage Cell Line." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1472747895.

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18

Manriquez, Rojas Valeria. "Role of the innate immune response in vascular damage caused by Neisseria meningitidis infection Vascular colonization by Neisseria meningitidis triggers a delayed and inefficient neutrophil response Intermittent pili-mediated forces fluidize Neisseria meningitidis aggregates promoting vascular colonization Adhesion to nanofibers drives cell membrane remodeling through 1D wetting." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB076.

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Neisseria meningitidis est un diplocoque à Gram négatif responsable de méningite et de choc septique. Alors que la méningite est la forme d'infection la plus fréquente, la septicémie fulminante est responsable de 90% de la mortalité imputable à N. meningitidis. La septicémie méningococcique est caractérisée par une éruption purpurique due à des lésions vasculaires. Les observations au niveau histologique révèlent des méningocoques associés aux cellules endothéliales, des thromboses, des hémorragies périvasculaires et des infiltrations de cellules inflammatoires. Les mécanismes conduisant à ces
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19

Jones, Hilary Francis. "Helicobacter pylori survival in macrophages /." Title page and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SBT/09sbtj762.pdf.

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20

Brown, Heidi Catherine. "Macrophages and the nervous system." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320118.

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21

Mukhopadhyay, Subhankar. "Innate immune activation of macrophages." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414236.

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22

Newsholme, Philip. "Studies on metabolism in macrophages." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:3a4fa0f1-03dd-47f1-beff-a48cbd2b14c1.

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A general metabolic profile of macrophages was established by measurement of maximum catalytic activities of enzymes in energy-producing pathways and rates of utilisation of glucose, glutamine, fatty acids and ketone bodies under various conditions. It was found that glucose, glutamine and fatty acids can be used to satisfy the energy requirement of the cell. Although a significant proportion of utilised glutamine or fatty acid was converted to C0<sub>2</sub> by the macrophage, most glucose was not oxidised and was converted, almost stoichiometrically, to lactate. Utilised fatty acids were not
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23

McNally, Oonagh Rose. "Monokine secretion by tumouricidal macrophages." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359349.

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24

Guo, Manman. "Phagosome proteomes in activated macrophages." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2015. https://discovery.dundee.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/c5a94702-2164-4acc-9763-bdfcaf1229dc.

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Macrophages play key roles in innate and adaptive immune systems not only in the response to pathogens but also in tissue homeostasis. They are extremely plastic and recognize external stimuli such as cytokines with substantial changes to the proteome and molecular functions. One major macrophage function altered by cytokine activation is phagocytosis and phagosome maturation, through which macrophages engulf foreign material such as microbes or apoptotic cells to form phagosomes which then fuse with endosome and finally lysosomes, where the particles are finally degraded. My project aims at i
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25

Jubb, Alasdair. "Effects of glucocorticoids in macrophages." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19521.

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Glucocorticoids (GC) are powerful metabolic hormones with anti-inflammatory actions. Despite major side effects they remain widely prescribed therapies. GC regulates gene expression through an intracellular receptor (GR), which is a ligand activated transcription factor. Macrophages are innate immune cells and major targets of GC. Traditionally repression of pro-inflammatory genes in the context of an inflammatory stimulus has been considered the primary mode of action of GC in macrophages. The work described in this thesis has demonstrated that GC act primarily as inducers of gene expression
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26

Swee, Mei Hua. "Effects of Lysolecithin on Macrophages." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1988. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc798400/.

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The effect of lysolecithin on the macrophage was studied using five macrophage function assays. The results of indicate that lyso lecithin is a macrophage activating agent which causes enhanced cell spreading, increased phagocytosis of sheep erythrocytes, heightened membrane activity in the presence of damaged autologous red blood cells, chemotaxis, and vigorous phagocytosis and intracellular killing of Staphylococcus albus.
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27

Zlatanova, Ivana. "Macrophages, inflammation et réparation cardiaque." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB047/document.

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L’inflammation joue un rôle crucial dans les processus de réparation du muscle cardiaque consécutifs à un infarctus du myocarde (IM). En particulier, les monocytes (MO) et les macrophages (Mf) assument une fonction majeure dans la régulation de la taille d’infarctus et de la fibrose du coeur infarci. Dans un premier travail, nous avons analysé le rôle coordonné de la myeloidepithelial- reproductive protein tyrosine kinase (Mertk) et du milk fat globule epidermal growth factor (Mfge8) dans la propension des MO et des Mf à éliminer les débris cellulaires. Nous avons notamment émis l'hypothèse qu
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28

Adler, Heiko. "Fetal bovine bone marrow-derived macrophages : a model for studying basic aspects of macrophage biology and pathogen-macrophage interaction in cattle /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 1994. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.

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29

Laval-Gilly, Philippe Ferard Jean-François. "Analyse de la mobilité des macrophages pour le développement d'un biocapteur atmosphérique." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2000. ftp://ftp.scd.univ-metz.fr/pub/Theses/2000/Laval_Gilly.SMZ0052.pdf.

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30

Willems, Jorine Joanna Lamberta Paulina. "Apoptosis-driven activation of macrophages by starry-sky B-cell lymphoma." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/18738.

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In high-grade ‘starry-sky’ non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHL), particularly Burkitt’s lymphoma (BL), large numbers of apoptotic tumour cells are engulfed by infiltrating tumour-associated macrophages (TAM). In situ studies suggest that in starry-sky TAM in a xenograft model of BL various tumour-promoting, trophic, angiogenic, tissue remodelling, and anti-inflammatory pathways are activated. Furthermore, apoptotic cells have been shown to activate expression of tumour-promoting matrix metalloproteinases in macrophages. This work investigates the hypothesis that apoptotic cells or factors released fro
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31

Leclercq, Yves. "Interactions transferrines macrophages : rôle des glycannes dans la reconnaissance par les récepteurs membranaires du macrophage péritonéal de souris." Lille 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987LIL10151.

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32

Merlin, Johanna. "Étude de l’influence de la glutaminolyse des macrophages dans les maladies cardio-métaboliques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2020. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2020COAZ6016.

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Les maladies chroniques inflammatoires telles que l’obésité ou l’athérosclérose constituent un problème majeur de santé publique dans les pays occidentaux. Il est désormais bien établi que les cellules immunitaires, et en particulier les macrophages, jouent un rôle essentiel dans l’initiation et la progression de ces maladies métaboliques. En effet, les macrophages résidents au sein des tissus contrôlent leur homéostasie comme par exemple l’expansion du tissu adipeux viscéral ou la thermogenèse du tissu adipeux brun. Cependant, les mécanismes restent mal compris. L’immuno-métabolisme est un no
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33

Naiken, Tanesha. "Étude de la reprogrammation métabolique dans les macrophages polarisés." Thesis, Nice, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014NICE4039.

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Les cellules tumorales requièrent un approvisionnement continu de nutriments pour produire de l’énergie. Cependant le micro-environnement autour de la tumeur en fournit une quantité insuffisante. Nous avons donc émis l'hypothèse qu'il existe une symbiose nutritionnelle entre les cellules stromales et les cellules tumorales, qui contribue à la tumorigenèse et, nous nous sommes concentrés sur les macrophages. Typiquement, ils sont classés comme classiques (M1-like) ou alternatifs (M2-like) et dans le stroma, les macrophages ont tendance à avoir un phénotype M2-like. Concernant leur profil métabo
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34

Rivier, Agnès. "Activation des phagocytes mononucléés chez les sujets normaux et les sujets asthmatiques/ Agnès Rivier." Montpellier 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON1T020.

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35

Gallerand, Alexandre. "Étude de la diversité phénotypique et fonctionnelle des macrophages : caractérisation des macrophages du tissu adipeux brun et des glandes surrénales." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://theses.univ-cotedazur.fr/2022COAZ6014.

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Les macrophages sont des cellules myéloïdes faisant partie du système phagocytaire mononucléaire, reconnues notamment pour leur fonction d'élimination et de recyclage des cellules apoptotiques. Au cours de ces deux dernières décennies, l'étude de ces cellules a révélé une grande diversité phénotypique et fonctionnelle des macrophages. Dans les tissus, les macrophages exercent des fonctions spécifiques de chaque organe. Par exemple, les macrophages pulmonaires participeraient à la clairance du surfactant, tandis que les macrophages pancréatiques joueraient un rôle dans le recyclage de l'insulin
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36

Marie-Anaïs, Florence. "Mécanismes de formation et de fermeture des phagosomes dans les macrophages." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCB072/document.

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La phagocytose est un mécanisme cellulaire essentiel de l’organisme. Elle joue un rôle à la fois dans le maintien de l’homéostasie tissulaire mais également dans le système immunitaire. Ce processus, réalisé par des cellules phagocytaires, telles que les cellules dendritiques, les polymorphonucléaires neutrophiles ou les macrophages, permet l’ingestion et l’élimination quotidienne de particules de grandes tailles (&gt;0,5 µm) : bactéries, champignons ou débris cellulaires. Il est induit par de nombreux récepteurs phagocytaires tels que les récepteurs aux fragments cristallisables des immunoglo
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37

Pasquier, Benoit. "Dualité fonctionnelle du récepteur aux fragments constants des Immunoglobulines A : RFcαI ou CD89". Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05N032.

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Les IgA sériques sont décrites comme ayant des propriétés anti-inflammatoires, alors que les complexes immuns à IgA induisent des réponses inflammatoires. Nous avons identifié le récepteur aux IgA, le RFcα comme le médiateur de ces deux fonctions, activatrice et inhibitrice. Les IgA en l'absence d'antigène, ou le fragment Fab d'un Acm anti-RFcαI inhibe la réponse de récepteurs hétérologues, alors que l'agrégation du RFαI par des complexes à IgA médie l'activation cellulaire. Nous avons identifié le motif ITAM de la chaîne γ comme étant impliqué dans ces deux fonctions. L'absence d'agrégation d
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38

Chapple, Cheryl Christine. "The characterisation of macrophage functions in untreated adult periodontitis." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4467.

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Macrophages play a critical role in many chronic inflammatory diseases. The pleiotrophic functional capacity of these cells includes phagocytosis and killing of opsonised microorganisms, antigen presentation to T cells, cytotoxicity and the secretion of potent angiogenic growth factors, of central importance in the maintenance or restoration of tissue homeostasis. Although the pathology of the chronic inflammatory disease, periodontitis, has been studied extensively there is a paucity of data relating to the role of macrophages. Recent studies of the untreated advanced periodontitis lesion hav
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39

Chapple, Cheryl Christine. "The characterisation of macrophage functions in untreated adult periodontitis." University of Sydney, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/4467.

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Doctor of Philosophy<br>Macrophages play a critical role in many chronic inflammatory diseases. The pleiotrophic functional capacity of these cells includes phagocytosis and killing of opsonised microorganisms, antigen presentation to T cells, cytotoxicity and the secretion of potent angiogenic growth factors, of central importance in the maintenance or restoration of tissue homeostasis. Although the pathology of the chronic inflammatory disease, periodontitis, has been studied extensively there is a paucity of data relating to the role of macrophages. Recent studies of the untreated advanced
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40

Warby, Tammra. "Interactions between granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and human monocyte-derived macrophages following infection with HIV-1 /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19318.pdf.

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41

Finney-Hayward, Tricia Kate. "Monocyte-derived macrophages as a lung macrophage model in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease : characterisation and functional output." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8330.

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42

Walter, Michaela Roylene Valerie. "Macrophages in bovine footrot, the effect of Porphyromonas levii on macrophage function and pro-inflammatory cytokine production." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ65143.pdf.

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43

Graham, Susan. "Studies on the activation of rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) macrophages and the characterization of a macrophage activating factor." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU498113.

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Rainbow trout macrophages were stimulated with PMA to produce 02- and H2O2 as detected by the reduction of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) and the oxidation of phenol red respectively. Addition of DDC or nitroprusside, inhibitors of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased O2-levels and decreased H2O2 levels, whereas addition of exogenous SOD had the reverse effect. Such data are indicative of a respiratory burst pathway in teleost macrophages comparable with that of mammals. Respiratory burst activity, acid phosphatase activity and RNA synthesis in rainbow trout macrophages which have been stimulated
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44

Stephens, Janet. "A study of biochemical and morphological aspects of macrophage function in experimental murine Nocardia asteroides and Nocardia brasiliensis infections." Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27213.

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It is submitted in this thesis that the degree of activation or inhibition of macrophage function may differ in N. asteroides and N. brasiliensis infections with respect to release of plasminogen activator and of lysozyme The pattern of secretion of plasminogen activator and lysozyme in N. asteroides infections appears to differ in N. brasiliensis infection; and there is possibly a difference in the amount of lysozyme released by 2 day N. asteroides-activated macrophages and 2 day N. brasiliensis -activated macrophages. Strains of Nocardia organism did not influence macrophage morphology or ul
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45

Mossadegh, Rashti Noushin. "Ontogeny of testicular macrophages, the guardians of fertility." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0141/document.

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Les macrophages sont des cellules de l’immunité innée et sont localisés dans la majorité des organes du corps, présentant des fonctions spécifiques dépendant de leur lieu de résidence.Les macrophages d’origine embryonnaire sont la source majeure des macrophages tissulaires et sont capables de se maintenir à long terme dans la plupart des organes adultes.Cependant, il reste certains organes comme le testicule, où l’origine des macrophages n’est pas clairement déterminée. Le testicule est considéré comme un organe immuno-privilégié et a cette nécessité de protéger de tous contacts les spermatozo
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46

Mastora, Chrysoula. "Genetically Modified Macrophages and Renal Regeneration." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/129675.

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After ischemic damage in kidney, alternatively activated or M2 macrophages are key players in resolving inflammation and participating in kidney repair. Obtaining this particular phenotype is a process controlled by deregulation of a series of genes. Modulation of those genes could result in controlling macrophages phenotype and functions, aiming new approaches in resolving ARF. The first aim of this study was to identify genes that are related to M2 macrophages that are involved in tissue repair. By functional genomics we have identified the expression of 14 genes crucial for the induction
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47

Patel, Dilipkumar. "Cholesterol metabolism in monocyte-derived macrophages." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46492.

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48

Cessford, Erin Lauren. "Mechanistic Insights into Necroptosis of Macrophages." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/31771.

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Cell death is an imperative mechanism for the development, homeostasis and survival of an organism. Various forms of cell death have been documented and recent reports indicate that the mode of cell death elicited can have a profound influence on the development and perpetuation of inflammation. Apoptosis is the predominant, programmed pathway of cell death, which ensures physiological elimination of unwanted cells. On the other hand, another cell death pathway described as programmed necrosis (necroptosis), has recently been revealed. The induction of necroptosis and its impact in host bio
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Nyberg, Lindborg Kristina. "Phagolysosomal pH measurements in alveolar macrophages /." Stockholm, 2000. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2000/91-628-4512-8/.

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Nho, Boram. "Characterization of elastolytic cathepsins in macrophages." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/40665.

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Atherosclerosis is characterized by a thickening of the arterial wall and loss of its elasticity. The elasticity of the arterial wall is impaired when the extracellular matrix undergoes extensive proteolytic remodeling. Cathepsins are papain-like cysteine proteases that are known to have elastolytic/fibrinolytic activities. They are highly expressed in macrophages present in plaque areas of diseased blood vessels and are thought to contribute to the tissue remodeling. Using cathepsin deficient macrophages and various protease inhibitors, the elastolytic activities of cathepsins B, K, L, and S
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