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1
Allardice, Roderick. "Does the application of vermicompost solid and liquid extracts influence the growth, N-nutrition and soil microbial diversity of the legume, Lupinus angustifolius?" Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/98107.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2015.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Vermicomposts (VCs) are the solid excreta of earthworms, known to contain plant available nutrients, large amounts of microbial life and diversity, and plant growth regulating hormones. VCs may play an integral role in the nitrogen nutrition of Lupinus angustifolius and function to reduce the reliance of legume crops on chemical fertilizers. Furthermore, the effects of the combination of VC solids and VC teas on legume growth and N nutrition, is unknown. The aim of the present study was to determine the role of varying concentrations of chicken manure VC, with and without the additions of varying VC tea concentrations, on the substrate bacterial functional diversity, plant biomass and N nutrition of the legume, L. angustifolius. In the first experiment the plants were grown in pots under glasshouse conditions and VC was substituted into the quartz sand growth media at rates of 5%, 10% and 100%. Furthermore, rhizobia inoculated and non-inoculated groups were established within the VC treatments. The plants were harvested after 30 days and analysed for tissue nutrient concentrations and biomass production. The VC-containing substrates were assessed for wide-spectrum soil analyses, nematode diversity and microbial diversity via Biolog EcoPlates. In the second experiment the plants were grown under similar conditions for 50 days and amended with 5% VC in the growth media as well as 50ml of aerated VC teas. The teas were brewed for 24 hours in concentrations of 4%, 10% and 20% (v/v), with molasses and kelp extract added as sugar sources. The combined treatments of 5% VC and rhizobia inoculation yielded the greatest biomass response. Furthermore the addition of VC allowed for bacterial nitrogen fixation within non-rhizobia treatments. However, changes in VC concentration had no effect on bacterial guild structure but were found to effect nematode funtional diversity. The additions of VC teas to soil media containing 5% VC had no effect on biomass production but were found to influence bacterial nitrogen fixation. Lower concentration teas increased BNF while the 20% tea reduced this parameter significantly over 50 days. The 20% tea also contained significantly greater bacterial functional diversity than the 5% and 10% teas. The findings of study indicate that the combined treatment of VC solids and teas do not increase the plant biomass of L. angustifolius, but that the additions of 20% teas result in greater microbial diversity in the soil. This in turn may lead to increases in soil fertility. Furthermore, additions of high concentration vermicompost teas (20%) shift the dependence of the plant from atmospheric N sources to soil N sources.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar
2
Ratanasanobon, Kanokwan. "Investigation of alternative approaches to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genetic transformation". Thesis, Ratanasanobon, Kanokwan (2014) Investigation of alternative approaches to narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) genetic transformation. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2014. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/22974/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) is one of the top six crops that contribute value to the Australian economy. Gene transfer technology has been studied as a strategy to improve lupin varieties against diseases to improve yield, production and seed quality. However, the established method used for transformation of lupin is based on Agrobacterium and embryonic axes as explants is a method of low efficiency. The aim of this project was to investigate the alternative genetic transformation methods for genetic manipulation of narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius) to improve the transformation efficiency. Two potential genetic transformation methods were investigated: particle bombardment (direct gene transfer), and in planta transformation (Agrobacterium-based transformation). In addition, lupin-Agrobacterium interactions were studied to provide information of the factors limiting transformation, and whether the involvement of an additional virG using construct carrying virGN54D (constitutive virG mutant carrying Asn-54 to Asp amino acid substitution) improved lupin transformation efficiency.
In this project, a genetic transformation protocol using particle bombardment for narrow-leafed lupin was accomplished. The following conditions were identified as being optimal for transformation via particle bombardment using a helium inflow particle gun with lupin embryonic axes as target explants:
a) Embryonic axes used as explants were pre-treated in MS media supplemented with 5 mg/L BAP and 0.5 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose and 0.7% agar for 3 days in the dark at 25oC.
b) Pre-treated explants were placed onto MS media with 0.3 M mannitol as osmoticum 4 h prior to bombardment.
c) Bombardment was carried out by:
• A precipitation protocol using plasmid DNA prepared at 2 ng DNA per μg tungsten particles.
•Bombardment was carried out twice at 400 psi with a 7 cm target distance with 10 μL coated particles.
d) Bombarded explants were kept on osmoticum media (MS media with 0.3 M mannitol) for 4 h then transferred to pre-/post-treatment media for post-treatment for another 3 days and kept in the dark at 25oC.
e) After post-treatment, explants were transferred to selection media (MS medium with 1 mg/L BAP and 0.1 mg/L NAA, 3% sucrose, 0.7% agar and 10 mg/L PPT) for 8 weeks with subculture every two weeks. Surviving shoots were transferred to rooting media and analysed for presence of the transgene by PCR.
A transformation efficiency of 0.4% for T0 production was achieved as confirmed by amplification of a gus gene by PCR. However those transformed explants did not form roots.
In planta transformation of seedlings and flowers of narrow-leafed lupin was investigated. For seedling transformation, factors essential for delivering A. tumefaciens to the target tissues (L2 layer of apical meristem of seedings) and to enhance the ability of A. tumefaciens cells to transform plant cells were studied and optimised. Sonication and vacuum infiltration facilitated penetration of A. tumefaciens cells to the target tissue, sonicating seedlings 15 min before 10 min infiltration with A. tumefaciens cells gave the best overall balance of both gene transfer determined by GUS staining and seedling survival rate. The Agrobacterium induction condition and infiltration medium was developed after testing and optimising of media and Agrobacterium growth. Modified LB medium with glucose 30 g/L was the best medium that gave the highest percentage of shoots showing GUS expression, at 35±5% which was significantly higher than the control infiltration media used for Medicago and A. thaliana in planta transformation at the 0.05 level Tukey HSD. The combined optimised conditions were further tested. Some shoots, picked at random, were positive for GUS expression, including the whole apical area and parts of leaves of new shoots, indicating gene transfer and stable transformation although chimeric. However, transformants were not obtained. Further investigations suggested that there may not have been enough viable A. tumefaciens on seedling shoots for successful transformation. Survival of A. tumefaciens cells on the plant tissues was about 103 times less than routinely used for transformation of lupins in the established in vitro lupin transformation method.
In in planta transformation of lupin flowers, experiments were designed to deliver Agrobacterium cells to lupin ovules as target tissues. Factors reported to contribute to success in this type of transformation, such as using surfactant, infiltration period and times under vacuum and composition of infiltration medium were tested and optimised for lupins. Thirty plants with floral inflorescences having flowers ranging from the dome to open stages were infiltrated twice for 3 min each with MS liquid medium containing 10 mM glucose, 0.01% Silwet L-77 and A. tumefaciens cells in early exponential stage at concentration of OD 1.87. Pod set was 10.82 %. No transformant was obtained. The same infiltration media and conditions were used with Arabidopsis thaliana cv Columbia as control plants and transformants obtained at 0.255%. Histology studies of lupin flower structure by SEM and wax-embedded sectioning revealed that there did not appear to be a physical channel for A. tumefaciens cells to gain access to the ovule via the stigma or style before anthesis. Furthermore, Agrobacterium cells could not gain access to the ovule through the immature carpel of young flowers as the developing carpel closed while the ovule developed inside.
Interactions between Agrobacterium and lupin were studied to determine which stages limit transfer of genes from Agrobacterium to lupins, and which might be modified to achieve and/or improve transformation efficiency by A. tumefaciens in a genotype-independent fashion. The stages studied were: the attachment of Agrobacterium to the lupin explants, T-DNA transport across the cell wall and through the cell membrane. In addition, the effect of an extra virG was examined to find out if it would increase T-DNA transport. The interaction studies were done by comparing reactions to gene transfer in lupin cultivars Merrit and Quillinock which have significant difference in transformation efficiency (6.5% for cv Merrit and ~1% for cv Quillinock). The results of the attachment of Agrobacterium cells experiment showed no significance statistically in the number of bacterial cells attached to the explants (half embryonic axes) of six cultivars of narrow-leafed lupin (cvs Merrit, Quilinock, Belara, Illyarrie, Yorrel and Danja), indicative that the attachment stage was not the factor limiting gene transfer. T-DNA transport through the cell wall and cell membrane was evaluated through gus expression in experiment using cell suspensions (cells with cell walls) and protoplast (cells without cell walls) with T-DNA transfer determined by the relative intensities of the RT-PCR amplicons. The results showed, unexpectedly, that cv Merrit had less T-DNA transferred by A. tumefaciens than cv Quillinock in cell suspensions but not in protoplasts. The results were supported with MUG assays of transient expression of the gus reporter gene in cell suspensions of both cultivars. This indicated that the differences in cell wall composition between these two cultivars played an important role in gene transfer, but the factors limiting transformation success in Quillinock were downstream from T-DNA transfer to the cytoplasm of the host cell, possibly involving in T-DNA integration and/or expression, or selection and recovery of whole plants. The effect of an extra virG was examined with lupin, virGN54D increased transient expression of gus only in cv Quillinock cells, not in cv Merrit cells. Constructs carrying virGN54D may, therefore, be of some use as a component of a transformation protocol for cv Quillinock, and possibly other recalcitrant lupin cultivars.
This work has confirmed the relative difficulty of transforming narrow-leafed lupins, and it is concluded that despite investigating a series of alternative approaches, the method based on ‘stab inoculation’ of apical meristems, followed by selection of chimeric tissues to generate transgenic inflorescences, appears to be the most reliable approach. However, it is strongly genotype dependant, and improvements in efficiency and reduced genotype dependence are still desirable.
3
Miao, Zhihong. "The influence of domestication and environment on the value of Lupins (Lupinus spp.) as a feed for ruminants". Title page, contents and summary only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09AFP/09afpm618.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Bibliography: leaves 141-162. Lupin seed (L. angustifolius) is widely used in Australia as supplementary feed for ruminants. However, it does not perform as well on fine-textured and/or alkaline soils, unlike wild lupins. Field trials investigated the effect of domestication of L. angustifolius on seed structure and chemical composition for use as a benchmark for the breeding and selection of wild types L. atlanticus and L. pilasus. The effects of environemental factors on yield and chemical composition were also investigated. Investigation into the feed value of wild lupins indicated their potential as feed supplement for ruminants either by direct grazing or seed supplement.
4
Geering, Andrew D. W. "The epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) in South Australia". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1992. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg298.pdf.
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Le, Roux Marcellous Remarque. "Phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) metabolism in roots and nodules of Lupinus angustifolius under P stress". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50060.
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Thesis (MSc)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study investigated the activities of several of the enzymes involved in the alternative route of PEP metabolism via PEPc (EC 4.1.1.31). This reaction circumvents the adenyl ate-controlled PK (EC 2.7.1.40) reaction of the conventional glycolytic network under conditions of P stress. It was hypothesized that the synthesis of pyruvate under Pi stress would induce the PEPc alternative route and that C for pyruvate synthesis would primarily be imported via this route. This was assessed by looking at how total enzyme activities are perturbed under P stress and also by following the route of radioactive labelled 14C02 under sufficient (2 mM) and deficient P (2 JlM) conditions in either roots or nodules. The significance of the pathway under P stress, was further assessed by determining pool sizes of pyruvate that was synthesized from PEPc-derived C. The experiments were conducted under glasshouse conditions, as two separate studies: one to investigate the phenomenon of Pi stress and its consequences for PEPc-derived C metabolism, and the other one to study the enzymes involved. Seeds of Lupinus angustifolius (cv. Wonga) were inoculated with Rhizobium sp. (Lupinus) bacteria and grown in hydroponic culture. Tanks were supplied with either 2 JlM P04 (LP) or 2 mM P04 (control) and air containing 360 ppm CO2. Roots experienced pronounced P stress with a greater decline in Pi, compared to nodules. LP roots synthesized more pyruvate from malate than LP nodules, indicating the engagement of the PEPc route under Pi stress. In this regard, pyruvate is considered as a key metabolite under Pi stress. The role of pyruvate accumulation under Pi stress, was further highlighted by the metabolism of PEP via both the PK and PEPc routes. The enhanced PK activities supported these high pyruvate levels. Under P stress, PEPc activities increased in roots but not in nodules and these changes were not related to the expression of the enzyme. Root and nodular PEPc were not regulated by expression, but possibly by posttranslational control. The novelty of our results for symbiotic roots demonstrates that using metabolically available Pi is indeed a more sensitive indicator ofP stress. These results show that under Pi stress, nodules are able to maintain their Pi and adenylate levels, possibly at the expense of the root. It is suggested that nodules do not experience P stress to the same extent as roots or alternatively function optimally under conditions of low P availability. The increase in concentration of pyruvate synthesized from malate, indeed suggest that under LP conditions there is an increase requirement for pyruvate. It is clear from this data that the operation of bypass route in nodules should be investigated further. Nevertheless, this study provided incentives for understanding the role of C pathways in Ni-fixation, in particular under conditions ofP limitation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van hierdie studie was om die aktiwiteite van verskeie ensieme van die alternatiewe metaboliese roete via phosphoenolpirovaat karboksilase (pEPc, EC 4.1.1.31) te ondersoek. Dié reaksie omseil die adenilaat-beheerde pirovaatkinase (PK, EC 2.7.1.40) reaksie van die konvensionele glikolitiese weg onder toestande van fosfaat (P) stremming. Dit is gepostuleer dat die sintese van pirovaat onder toestande van Pstremming die alternatiewe roete via PEPc sou induseer en dat die koolstof (C) vir pirovaatsintese gevolglik hoofsaaklik vanaf hierdie roete sou kom. Dit is bepaal deur die veranderinge in die totale ensiemaktiwiteite wat sou plaasvind onder P-stremming te ondersoek. Daar is ook gekyk na die roete' wat radioaktiewe C C4C02) sou volg in wortles en wortelknoppies wat behandel is deur blootsteling aan eerder lae fosfaat (2 1lM) of genoegsame fosfaat (2 mM; kontrole), Die betekenis van die alternatiewe roete is ook ondersoek deur die poel-groottes van pirovaat, soos gesintetiseer via die PEPc reaksie, te bepaal. Twee eksperimente is in 'n glashuis uitgevoer. Eerstens is die verskynsel van Pstremming, asook die invloed daarvan op PEPc-afgeleide C-metabolisme, bepaal. Tweedens is die betrokke ensieme bestudeer. Sade van Lupinus angustifolius (cv. Wonga) is geïnokuleer met Rhizobium sp. (Lupinus) bakterieë en in 'n waterkultuur gekweek. Die houers is voorsien met óf2 IlM P04 (LP) óf 2 mM P04 (HP) en lug wat 360 ppm C02 bevat het. Wortels, anders as wortelknoppies, het 'n betekenisvolle afname in anorganiese P (Pi) ervaar. Onder P-stremming, het lae fosfaat wortels meer pirovaat vanaf malaat gesintetiseer as wortelknoppies, wat 'n definitiewe bydrae vanaf die PEPc roete impliseer. Hiervolgens is pirovaat 'n sleutel metaboliet onder P-stremming. Die belangrikheid van die akkumulering van pirovaat onder P-stremmende toestande is verder beklemtoon deur die toename in metabolisme van PEP via beide die PK- en die PEPcreaksies. Die toename in PK-aktiwiteite is goed gekorreleer met die verhoogde produksie van pirovaat. Onder toestande van P-stremming het die aktiwiteit van PEPc in wortels verhoog, maar nie in wortelknoppies nie. Dit was nie die gevolg van 'n verhoogde uitdrukking van die ensiem nie. Wortel- en wortelknoppie- uitdrukking van PEPc is derhalwe nie gereguleer deur die uitdrukking daarvan nie, maar eerder deur post-tranlasie kontrole. Hierdie resultate vir wortels met wortelknoppies demonstreer dat metaboliese Pi 'n beter maatstaf is om P-stres aan te dui. Hierdie resultate toon dat wortelknoppies beter daartoe instaat is om hul Pi-vlakke en adenilaatvlakke te reguleer, en dit mag ten koste van die gasheerwortel wees. Ons stel voor dat wortelknoppies nie P-stremming tot dieselfde mate ervaar as die gasheerwortel nie en dat dié knoppies optimaal funksioneer by lae Pi vlakke. Die verhoogde konsentrasie van pirovaat, wat vanaf malaat gesintetiseer is, impliseer dat daar 'n groter vereiste is vir dié metaboliet onder toestande van Pstremming. Hierdie studie het die rol van koolstofmetabolismein stikstofbindende organismes, spesifiek onder toestande van fosfaat-tekort, beklemtoon.
6
Tapadia, Mrunmai. "Anti-diabetic action of Lupinus angustifolius seed proteins and peptides". Thesis, Curtin University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/77246.
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Lupin seed proteins have been reported to exhibit hypoglycaemic action in animals and humans. This research focuses on exploring in-vitro anti-diabetic action of proteins extracted from Lupinus angustifolius seed. A novel insulin secretory mechanism of extract hydrolysate mediating through Gaq protein signalling pathway in pancreatic ß-cells was established. γ-conglutin protein, a glucose modulating agent, was separated from the extract. Purified γ-conglutin was characterised and hydrolysed to evaluate its anti-diabetic properties in pancreatic ß-cells and myotubes.
7
Katroschan, Kai-Uwe [Verfasser]. "Narrow-leaved lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as nitrogen source in organic vegetable production systems / Kai-Uwe Katroschan". Hannover : Technische Informationsbibliothek und Universitätsbibliothek Hannover (TIB), 2011. http://d-nb.info/1013289676/34.
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Boersma, Jeffrey George. "Contributions to the molecular genetics of the Narrow-leaf Lupin (Lupinus augustifolius L.) : mapping, marker development and QTL analysis". University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0001.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
[Truncated abstract] Narrow-leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) was first recorded as having been introduced into Germany during the mid-19th century for use as green manuring and as fodder crops. However, it was not until post World-War I that there was any serious attempt to domesticate the species. Since that time several key domestication genes have been incorporated to enable the species to be grown as a crop over a range of climates, harvested as a bulk commodity and, the seed used for both animal and human consumption. However, the recent domestication of this species has seen a rather limited use of wild germplasm largely as a result of the difficulty in retaining these key domestication genes. To make the task of retaining these genes manageable, it was decided to resort to molecular technology. A mapping population of F8 derived recombinant inbred lines (RILs) has previously been established by the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia, from a cross between a domesticated breeding line 83A:476 and a wild type P27255 in narrow-leaf lupin. The parents together with 89 RILs (of a population of 115) were subjected to DNA fingerprinting using microsatelliteanchored fragment length polymorphism (MFLP) to rapidly generate DNA markers for construction of a linkage map. Five hundred and twenty two unique markers of which 21% were co-dominant, were generated and mapped. Phenotypic data for the domestication traits: mollis (soft seeds), leucospermus (white flower and seed colour); Lentus (reduced pod-shattering), iucundis (low alkaloid), Ku (early flowering) and moustache pattern on seed coats; were included. Three to 7 molecular markers were identified within 5 cM of each of these domestication genes. The anthracnose resistance gene Lanr1 was also mapped. Linkage groups were constructed using MapManager version QTXb20, resulting in 21 linkage groups consisting of 8 or more markers. ... Five pairs of QTLs were found to be involved in epistasis, 2 of these having an effect on early vigour and another 3 influencing the time to opening of the first florets. Variation explained for each trait ranged from 28% for seed size, to 88% for days to flowering. We showed that it was possible to use this data to predict genotypes of superior progeny for these traits under Mediterranean conditions. QTL regions were compared on a second published linkage map and regions of conserved synteny with the model legume Medicago truncatula high-lighted. The work presented in this thesis demonstrates the importance of tight linkage between markers and genes of interest. It is especially important when dealing with genetically diverse material as found in the wild. One of the main problems faced by molecular scientists is the phenomenon known as linkage disequilibrium in marker populations caused by either small population size or 4 insufficient opportunity for recombination. This frequently results in the development of markers with little or no application outside of the population in which it was developed. Although the relatively small size of the population used in this study exposes it to such constraints, in this case excellent and valuable results were achieved in developing useful markers to at least 3 of the domestication traits within a relatively short time period of less then 4 years.
9
Stephany, Michael [Verfasser]. "Influence of endogenous enzyme activities on odour-active compound formation in sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) / Michael Stephany". Aachen : Shaker, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1104047055/34.
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Baharudin, Sherifah. "The Effects of Heat Treatment and Processing Techniques on the Quality of Australian Sweet Lupin (Lupinus Angustifolius) Flour". Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/59105.
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Lupin has health benefits but low consumer acceptability due the beany flavour caused by Lipoxygenase (LOX) enzyme. To improve this acceptability the beany flavour needs to be removed. Three types of heat treatment were used to reduce the LOX in lupin. Oven heating at 5 minutes and 80˚C was optimum. Up to 40% lupin was incorporated into chapatti without affecting overall acceptability. The results demonstrate that LOX activity can be reduced by heat treatment.
11
Wijayanto, Teguh. "Genetic manipulation of programmed cell death (PCD) for reduced susceptibility to necrotrophic fungi in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) /". Connect to this title, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0206.
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Fischer, Kristin [Verfasser]. "Genetische und molekulare Charakterisierung züchtungsrelevanter Merkmale der Blauen Süßlupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) / Kristin Fischer". Gießen : Universitätsbibliothek, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1167158911/34.
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Kang, Sideth. "Effect of irrigation on growth and nitrogen accumulation of Kabuli chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)". Diss., Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1126.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A field experiment was conducted to examine the responses in growth, total dry matter (TDM), seed yield and nitrogen (N) accumulation of Kabuli chickpea cv. Principe and narrow-leafed lupin cv. Fest to different irrigation levels and N fertilizer on a Templeton silt loam soil at Lincoln University, Canterbury, New Zealand in 2007/08. The irrigation and fertilizer treatments were double full irrigation, full irrigation, half irrigation and nil irrigation and a control, full irrigation plus 150 kg N ha⁻¹. There was a 51 % increase in the weighed mean absolute growth rate (WMAGR) by full irrigation over no irrigation. The maximum growth rates (MGR) followed a similar response. The growth rates were not significantly decreased by double irrigation. Further, N fertilizer did not significantly improve crop growth rates. With full irrigation MGRs were 27.6 and 34.1 g m⁻² day⁻¹ for Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. Seed yields of fully-irrigated crops were trebled over the nil irrigation treatment. With full irrigation, seed yield of chickpea was 326 and that of lupin was 581 g m⁻². Seed yield of the two legumes was reduced by 45 % with double irrigation compared with full irrigation. Nitrogen fertilizer did not increase seed yields in either legume. Increased seed yield with full irrigation was related to increased DM, and crop growth rates, seeds pod⁻¹ and seeds m⁻². Crop harvest index (CHI) was significantly (P < 0.05) increased by irrigation and was related to seed yield only in narrow-leafed lupin. With full irrigation, the crops intercepted more than 95 % of incoming incident radiation at leaf area indices (LAIs), 2.9 and 3 or greater in Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. In contrast, without irrigation the two legumes achieved a maximum fraction of radiation intercepted of less than 90 %. With full irrigation, total intercepted photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) was increased by 28 % and 33 % over no irrigation for Kabuli chickpea and narrow-leafed lupin, respectively. Fully-irrigated Kabuli chickpea intercepted a total amount of PAR of 807 MJ m⁻² and fully-irrigated narrow-leafed lupin intercepted 1,042 MJ m⁻². Accumulated DM was strongly related to accumulated intercepted PAR (R² ≥ 0.96**). The final RUE was significantly (P < 0.001) increased by irrigation. With full irrigation the final RUE of Kabuli chickpea was 1.49 g DM MJ⁻¹ PAR and that of narrow-leafed lupin was 2.17 g DM MJ⁻¹ PAR. Total N accumulation of Kabuli chickpea was not significantly affected by irrigation level. Kabuli chickpea total N was increased by 90 % by N fertilizer compared to fully-irrigated Kabuli chickpea which produced 17.7 g N m⁻². In contrast, total N accumulated in narrow-leafed lupin was not increased by N fertilizer but was decreased by 75 % with no irrigation and by 25 % with double irrigation (water logging) compared to full irrigation with a total N of 45.9 g m⁻². Total N was highly significantly related to TDM (R² = 0.78** for Kabuli chickpea and R² = 0.99** for narrow-leafed lupin). Nitrogen accumulation efficiency (NAE) of narrow-leafed lupin was not affected by irrigation or by N fertilizer. However, the NAE of Kabuli chickpea ranged from 0.013 (full irrigation) to 0.020 (no irrigation) and 0.017 g N g⁻¹ DM (full irrigation with N fertilizer). The N harvest index (NHI) was not affected by irrigation, N fertilizer or legume species. The NHI of Kabuli chickpea was 0.50 and that of narrow-leafed lupin was 0.51. The NHI was significantly (r ≥ 0.95 **) related to CHI.
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Rahman, Mohammed Habibur. "Chemical and nutritional evaluation of Lupinus angustifolius L. (sweet lupin) seed proteins and its fractions on general metabolism of monogastric animals". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1993. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU539954.
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The use of lupin seed, although a rich source of proteins, has been limited by the presence of toxic alkaloids. Recently a sweet, non toxic variety (it Lupinus angustifolius L.) has been developed in Western Australia, and reported to be safe for human consumption. However growth depression and low net protein utilisation (NPU) values in weanling rats fed raw L. angustifolius seeds have been reported in the literature. Thus seeds were analysed, and experiments were carried out with rats to evaluate NPU values and growth. Results indicated that L. angustifolius contains a far less reactive lectin than kidney bean, but that food intake and growth were depressed, due in part to essential amino acids (EAA) deficiencies. Supplementation with EAA improved growth, nitrogen retention and protein utilisation. However, when compared with that of the net protein utilisation values from rats fed on lactalbumin, the raw lupin seed meal was still found to be inferior, even when supplemented with EAA. Seed meal was fractionated into six components by sequential extraction with cold water, McIlvaine's buffer at pH 7.0, and dialysis of the supernatant. Analyses were carried out on lupin seed meal and fractions for carbohydrates, amino acids, oligosaccharides, minerals, phytates and run on SDS/PAGE to ensure consistency in fractions pooled for nitrogen balance experiments. It was revealed that a protein fraction resembling the gamma-conglutin, the simplest of the three globulins from the seeds of L.angustifolius, was extracted in almost pure form. A series of experiments was carried out to study the biological effects of all six fractions in growing rats. Results showed that seed meal and its fractions are unique in causing deleterious effects on liver, kidneys, spleen, thymus, heart, adrenal, stomach, caecum and colon but had no effects on pancreas.
15
Bramley, Helen. "Water flow in the roots of three crop species : the influence of root structure, aquaporin activity and waterlogging". University of Western Australia. School of Plant Biology, 2006. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2006.0102.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
[Truncated abstract] The hydraulic properties of the roots of three crop species important to Western Australia were examined: wheat (Triticum aestivum), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) and yellow lupin (L. luteus). Generally, the hydraulic conductivity (Lpr) of root systems differs between species and can change in response to adverse conditions. To determine the significance of root anatomy and aquaporin activity on the pathway of water flow through roots, water flow was measured across cell membranes, individual roots and whole root systems. The combination of measurements identified that wheat and lupin roots have contrasting hydraulic properties. Wheat roots absorb water preferentially in the apical region, whereas lupin roots appear to absorb water more evenly along the entire root length. Lupin roots have a greater axial hydraulic conductance than wheat, due to more abundant xylem vessels and axial conductance increases with root length, in conjunction with xylem vessel development. However, water flow through the radial pathway is the limiting factor in whole root hydraulic conductance, in all species. Modelling and the inhibition of aquaporin activity with mercuric chloride demonstrated that radial water flow in wheat roots occurs by a combination of the cell-to-cell and apoplastic pathways, but in lupins, water flow appears to be predominantly apoplastic. Despite the presence of aquaporins in root cell membranes of all species, their role in regulating bulk water flow across roots is not clear in lupins, because of the significance of the apoplastic pathway ... After draining the chambers, the root systems of yellow lupin resumed growth, but there was no subsequent recovery in narrow-leafed lupin root systems. The growth and survival strategies of wheat and lupin root systems are disparate. Wheat root systems are comprised of numerous fine, highly branched, individual roots that extract water near the root tips and have the ability to regulate flow. These attributes may be advantageous in non-uniform or variable environments. Moreover, the ability of wheat roots to regulate flow may not only support survival during waterlogging, but also enhance recovery. In comparison, lupin root systems are designed like conduits, for the rapid uptake and transport of water when conditions are favourable. However, their thick taproots and lack of regulation of water transport or anatomical changes make them unsuitable for very wet soils.
16
Sußmann, Daniela [Verfasser]. "Prozessoptimierung zur Isolierung von Proteinen aus Lupinus angustifolius L. cv. Vitabor und deren Potential als natürliches Fettsubstitut / Daniela Sußmann. Landwirtschaftliche Fakultät". Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1018829482/34.
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17
Muranyi, Isabel [Verfasser], Peter [Akademischer Betreuer] Köhler, Peter [Gutachter] Köhler e Thomas [Gutachter] Becker. "Properties of protein isolates from lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) as affected by the isolation method / Isabel Muranyi ; Gutachter: Peter Köhler, Thomas Becker ; Betreuer: Peter Köhler". München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1150852089/34.
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18
Pötzsch, Fredo Frank. "Schwefelbedarf, -akkumulation und -düngung von Ackerbohne (Vicia faba L.), Schmalblättriger Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) und Erbse (Pisum sativum L.) in Reinsaat sowie Erbse und Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.) im Gemenge". Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/20908.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit war es, den Einfluss verschiedener Schwefel (S)-Düngemittel, der Leguminosenart und des Gemengebaus von Erbse (Pisum sativum L.) und Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.) auf die Schwefelakkumulation sowie den Ertrag der Ackerbohne (Vicia faba L.), Schmalblättrige Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) und Erbse zu erheben.
In den Jahren 2012 bis 2014 wurden Feldversuche auf zahlreichen Standorten durchgeführt, um die Wirkung von Kieserit (MgSO4), Gips (CaSO4), elementarem S und Bittersalz (MgSO4 × 7H2O) auf die Körnerleguminosen zu testen.
Die Düngung von Ackerbohne, Schmalblättriger Lupine und Erbse mit verschiedenen S-haltigen Düngemitteln führte unter den geprüften Feldbedingungen weder zu Ertragssteigerungen noch zu einer gesteigerten N-Akkumulation. Der S-Bedarf der drei Körnerlegunminosen wurde offenbar über natürliche Ressourcen gedeckt. Trotzdem zeigten sich Gips und Kieserit, teilweise auch Bittersalz als geeignete Düngemittel, um die S-Konzentration im Gewebe der Pflanzen zu erhöhen.
Die S-Akkumulation im Spross der Ackerbohne (5-17 kg S ha-1), Schmalblättrigen Lupine (5-15 kg S ha-1) und Erbse (2-13 kg S ha-1) war gering und wurde von den Pflanzen an deren Bedarf angepasst. Im Gegensatz zu Ackerbohne (SHI 0,65) und Erbse (SHI 0,63), die S vorwiegend im Korn akkumulierten, sammelte die Schmalblättrige Lupine einen Großteil des aufgenommenen S im Stroh (SHI 0,40) an.
Der Einfluss des Gemengeanbaus mit Gerste auf den S-Haushalt der Erbse war sehr gering. Die Erbse in Reinsaat nahm signifikant mehr S gemittelt über alle getesteten Düngemittel auf als das Gemenge aus Erbse und Gerste. Erbse und Gerste akkumulierten ähnlich hohe Mengen S im Spross pro Einheit Kornertrag. Um maximale Kornerträge sowie N- und S-Akkumulationen in einem substitutiv zusammengesetzten Gemenge aus Erbse und Gerste zu erzielen, wurde ein optimales Saatverhältnis von 42-88% keimfähiger Erbsensamen zu 12-58% keimfähigen Gerstensamen der jeweiligen Reinsaatstärke ermittelt.The objectives of this study were to evaluate the influence of different sulfur (S) containing fertilizers, the legume species and of intercropping of pea (Pisum sativum L.) and barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) on sulfur accumulation and yield of faba bean (Vicia faba L.), narrow leaf lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and pea. In the years 2012 to 2014 field trials have been conducted to test the effects of kieserite (MgSO4), gypsum (CaSO4), elemental S and epsom salt (MgSO4 × 7H2O) on grain legumes at several sites in Germany. Under the given environmental conditions, fertilization of faba bean, narrow leaf lupin and pea with different S containing fertilizers did not increase yield and nitrogen (N) accumulation. The S demand of the three grain legumes was low and obviously covered by S sources from the soil as well as atmospheric S deposition. However, gypsum, kieserite and epsom salt generated noticeable increases in S concentration in parts of the plants. S accumulation in shoots of faba bean (5-17 kg S ha-1), narrow leaf lupin (5-15 kg S ha-1) and pea (2-13 kg S ha-1) was comparatively low and has been adapted to the plants respective S demand. In contrast to faba bean (SHI 0,65) and pea (SHI 0,63), who accumulated S predominantly in seeds, narrow leaf lupin (SHI 0,40) accumulated the bulk of S in its straw. The influence of barley on peas S concentration was very low. Pea in pure stands accumulated significantly more S than the total intercrop of pea and barley, whereas pea and barley accumulated similar amounts of S in its shoots per unit seed yield. To achieve the maximum seed yield and maximum N and S accumulation in substitutive mixtures of pea and barley, a relative seed frequency of 42%–88% pea seeds to 12%–58% barley seeds of their monocrop seeding rate has been calculated to be optimal.
19
Krisnayanti, Dewi. "Sustainable restoration of mine sites". Lincoln University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/1598.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A sustainable approach to restoration of the post-mining landscape involves creating conditions where a viable growth medium can be established with the minimal amount of fertiliser inputs over a period of time. Ideally, this growth medium should comprise a combination of minerals, organic matter, and biological components with have the capacity to retain and release nutrients over time. When combined with a re-vegetation scheme appropriate to the biogeographic area, a self-sustaining ecosystem can be established. Regulatory requirements for mine restoration typically require the use of topsoil, which is often in limited supply. However, overburden is commonly present in vast quantities and has the potential to be used as a restoration substrate with appropriate amendments. There are significant gaps in our understanding of factors relating to the use and amendment of overburden as a growing medium. The main objective of this study was to investigate and quantify the effects of inorganic and organic amendments and weathering on nutrient availability and plant growth in topsoil and overburden material obtained from the OceanaGold Globe Progress mine at Reefton, New Zealand. A series of glasshouse experiments were carried out on topsoil, fresh overburden and mullock (old waste rock) amended with biosolids, green manure, sawdust, lime and mineral fertiliser nutrients (nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P)). R esults demonstrated that 300 kg N ha⁻¹ was sufficient to overcome N deficiency in topsoil, while 100 kg P ha⁻¹ was required to overcome P deficiency. Addition of biosolids to topsoil and overburden increased plant biomass production, without increasing heavy metal concentrations. Amendment of overburden significantly affected weathering rates by accelerating the formation of secondary minerals. In particular, lupin green manure accelerated the formation of organic iron (Fe) and aluminium (Al) organic complexes, resulting from the decomposition of the green manure and release of Fe from primary minerals. Results revealed that wineberry and red beech required 200 kg N ha⁻¹ for optimum growth. Overall, the findings of this research identified key parameters for effective utilisation of overburden as a restoration substrate. A sustainable restoration method for managing the topsoil and/or any overburden or waste rock material remaining at mine sites can be achieved by careful selection of organic amendments and allowing an initial weathering period.
20
Buckeridge, Marcos Silveira. "A novel #beta#-galactosidase or exo-(1-4)-#beta#-galactanase from the cotyledons of germinated Lupinus angustifolius L seeds, and its role in post-germinative cell wall metabolism". Thesis, University of Stirling, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.386607.
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21
Pötzsch, Fredo Frank [Verfasser], Knut [Gutachter] Schmidtke e Timo [Gutachter] Kautz. "Schwefelbedarf, -akkumulation und -düngung von Ackerbohne (Vicia faba L.), Schmalblättriger Lupine (Lupinus angustifolius L.) und Erbse (Pisum sativum L.) in Reinsaat sowie Erbse und Gerste (Hordeum vulgare L.) im Gemenge / Fredo Frank Pötzsch ; Gutachter: Knut Schmidtke, Timo Kautz". Berlin : Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1202036902/34.
Texto completo da fonte
22
Lee, Ya Ping. "Effects of lupin kernel flour on satiety and features of the metabolic syndrome". University of Western Australia. School of Medicine and Pharmacology, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0053.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
[Truncated abstract] Obesity is now a major public health problem worldwide. More than half the Australian population is now overweight. This is an important public health concern primarily because of the impact of overweight and obesity on risk of diabetes, hypertension and cardiovascular disease. Many strategies have been proposed to fight the obesity epidemic. One possible strategy involves understanding of the role of dietary components in the control of food intake. In this regard, dietary protein and fibre appear to be the most satiating nutrients. Foods enriched in protein, replacing energy from carbohydrate, or dietary fibre can increase satiety and reduce energy intake in the short-term. Longer-term trials suggest benefits of increasing protein or fibre intake on weight loss and features of the metabolic syndrome. The effects of dietary approaches which increase both protein and fibre at the expense of refined carbohydrate are uncertain. A practical approach to increasing both protein and fibre content of processed foods is to incorporate high protein and fibre ingredients into high carbohydrate foods. Lupin kernel flour is a novel food ingredient derived from the endosperm of lupin. It contains 40 to 45% protein, 25 to 30% fibre, and negligible sugar and starch. Lupin kernel flour can be incorporated into refined carbohydrate rich foods such as bread to increase protein and fibre content at the expense of refined carbohydrate. ... Body weight was measured every 2 weeks throughout the 16 week intervention, and these data were analysed to determine whether there was any between group difference in the rate of change in weight over 16 weeks. Over 16 weeks, lupin bread compared to white bread resulted in a significant increase in protein (13.7 (2.3, 25.0) g/d) and fibre (12.5 (8.8, 16.2) g/d) intakes, and a decrease in carbohydrate intake (-19.9 (-45.2, 5.5) g/d). There was a significant difference between groups in the rate of weight change over the 16 weeks (P=0.05). However, at 16 weeks there was no significant effect on body weight (-0.4 (-1.3, 0.6) kg), fat mass (-0.5 (-1.2, 0.2) kg) or fat free mass (0.2 (-0.5, 0.8) kg). Plasma adiponectin and leptin were not altered. Mean 24 hour systolic blood pressure (-2.4 (-3.4, -1.3) mm Hg) and pulse pressure (-3.1 (-3.9, -2.3) mm Hg) were lower for lupin relative to white bread, but diastolic blood pressure was not significantly different between groups. Apart from a lower HDL cholesterol for lupin relative to white bread (-0.09 (-0.17, -0.01) mmol/L), there were no significant differences in other blood lipids and glucose and insulin concentrations. Interpretation of the results was not influenced after adjustment for potential confounding factors. These studies assessed effects of bread enriched in lupin kernel flour relative to white bread, resulting in a higher protein and fibre intake and lower refined carbohydrate intake. This increased satiety and reduced energy intake acutely, but did not significantly influence body weight over 16 weeks. Systolic blood pressure and pulse pressure were significantly reduced. There were no significant improvements in blood lipids or glucose and insulin concentrations. Therefore, increasing protein and fibre intake at the expense of refined carbohydrate using lupin kernel flour may benefit satiety and blood pressure. Longer-term trials incorporating weight loss may be needed to observe benefits on body weight.
23
Stark, Christine. "Effects of long- and short-term crop management on soil biological properties and nitrogen dynamics". Phd thesis, Lincoln University. Agriculture and Life Sciences Division, 2005. http://theses.lincoln.ac.nz/public/adt-NZLIU20070220.010748/.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
To date, there has been little research into the role of microbial community structure in the functioning of the soil ecosystem and on the links between microbial biomass size, microbial activity and key soil processes that drive nutrient availability. The maintenance of structural and functional diversity of the soil microbial community is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production systems. Soils of the same type with similar fertility that had been under long-term organic and conventional crop management in Canterbury, New Zealand, were selected to investigate relationships between microbial community composition, function and potential environmental impacts. The effects of different fertilisation strategies on soil biology and nitrogen (N) dynamics were investigated under field (farm site comparison), semi-controlled (lysimeter study) and controlled (incubation experiments) conditions by determining soil microbial biomass carbon (C) and N, enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, arginine deaminase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis), microbial community structure (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis following PCR amplification of 16S and 18S rDNA fragments using selected primer sets) and N dynamics (mineralisation and leaching). The farm site comparison revealed distinct differences between the soils in microbial community structure, microbial biomass C (conventional > organic) and arginine deaminase activity (organic > conventional). In the lysimeter study, the soils were subjected to the same crop rotation (barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mays L.), rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Moench)) plus a lupin green manure (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and two fertiliser regimes (following common organic and conventional practice). Soil biological properties, microbial community structure and mineral N leaching losses were determined over 2½ years. Differences in mineral leaching losses were not significant between treatments (total organic management: 24.2 kg N per ha; conventional management: 28.6 kg N per ha). Crop rotation and plant type had a larger influence on the microbial biomass, activity and community structure than fertilisation. Initial differences between soils decreased over time for most biological soil properties, while they persisted for the enzyme activities (e.g. dehydrogenase activity: 4.0 and 2.9 µg per g and h for organic and conventional management history, respectively). A lack of consistent positive links between enzyme activities and microbial biomass size indicated that similarly sized and structured microbial communities can express varying rates of activity.
In two successive incubation experiments, the soils were amended with different rates of a lupin green manure (4 or 8t dry matter per ha), and different forms of N at 100 kg per ha (urea and lupin) and incubated for 3 months. Samples were taken periodically, and in addition to soil biological properties and community structure, gross N mineralisation was determined. The form of N had a strong effect on microbial soil properties. Organic amendment resulted in a 2 to 5-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activities, while microbial community structure was influenced by the addition or lack of C or N substrate. Correlation analyses suggested treatment-related differences in nutrient availability, microbial structural diversity (species richness or evenness) and physiological properties of the microbial community. The findings of this thesis showed that using green manures and crop rotations improved soil biology in both production systems, that no relationships existed between microbial structure, enzyme activities and N mineralisation, and that enzyme activities and microbial community structure are more closely associated with inherent soil and environmental factors, which makes them less useful as early indicators of changes in soil quality.
24
Stark, Christine H. "Effects of long- and short-term crop management on soil biological properties and nitrogen dynamics". Lincoln University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/30.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
To date, there has been little research into the role of microbial community structure in the functioning of the soil ecosystem and on the links between microbial biomass size, microbial activity and key soil processes that drive nutrient availability. The maintenance of structural and functional diversity of the soil microbial community is essential to ensure the sustainability of agricultural production systems. Soils of the same type with similar fertility that had been under long-term organic and conventional crop management in Canterbury, New Zealand, were selected to investigate relationships between microbial community composition, function and potential environmental impacts. The effects of different fertilisation strategies on soil biology and nitrogen (N) dynamics were investigated under field (farm site comparison), semi-controlled (lysimeter study) and controlled (incubation experiments) conditions by determining soil microbial biomass carbon (C) and N, enzyme activities (dehydrogenase, arginine deaminase, fluorescein diacetate hydrolysis), microbial community structure (denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis following PCR amplification of 16S and 18S rDNA fragments using selected primer sets) and N dynamics (mineralisation and leaching). The farm site comparison revealed distinct differences between the soils in microbial community structure, microbial biomass C (conventional>organic) and arginine deaminase activity (organic>conventional). In the lysimeter study, the soils were subjected to the same crop rotation (barley (Hordeum vulgare L.), maize (Zea mais L.), rape (Brassica napus L. ssp. oleifera (Moench)) plus a lupin green manure (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and two fertiliser regimes (following common organic and conventional practice). Soil biological properties, microbial community structure and mineral N leaching losses were determined over 2½ years. Differences in mineral leaching losses were not significant between treatments (total organic management: 24.2 kg N ha⁻¹; conventional management: 28.6 kg N ha⁻¹). Crop rotation and plant type had a larger influence on the microbial biomass, activity and community structure than fertilisation. Initial differences between soils decreased over time for most biological soil properties, while they persisted for the enzyme activities (e.g. dehydrogenase activity: 4.0 and 2.9 µg g⁻¹ h⁻¹ for organic and conventional management history, respectively). A lack of consistent positive links between enzyme activities and microbial biomass size indicated that similarly sized and structured microbial communities can express varying rates of activity. In two successive incubation experiments, the soils were amended with different rates of a lupin green manure (4 or 8t dry matter ha⁻¹), and different forms of N at 100 kg ha⁻¹ (urea and lupin) and incubated for 3 months. Samples were taken periodically, and in addition to soil biological properties and community structure, gross N mineralisation was determined. The form of N had a strong effect on microbial soil properties. Organic amendment resulted in a 2 to 5-fold increase in microbial biomass and enzyme activities, while microbial community structure was influenced by the addition or lack of C or N substrate. Correlation analyses suggested treatment-related differences in nutrient availability, microbial structural diversity (species richness or evenness) and physiological properties of the microbial community. The findings of this thesis showed that using green manures and crop rotations improved soil biology in both production systems, that no relationships existed between microbial structure, enzyme activities and N mineralisation, and that enzyme activities and microbial community structure are more closely associated with inherent soil and environmental factors, which makes them less useful as early indicators of changes in soil quality.
25
Kapal, Debbie B. "Influence of a legume green manure crop on barley straw/stubble decomposition, and soil nitrogen retention and availability". Lincoln University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/701.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The incorporation of cereal straw/stubble often immobilises nitrogen (N). This can help conserve N in soil in organic forms, thus reducing loss through leaching over dormant winter periods. However, N-depressions that arise during decomposition can reduce crop yield. The inclusion of a legume green manure can supply fixed-N, thus alleviating the low N availability to crops. In this study, the effect of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) green manure incorporation on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) straw/stubble decomposition, and N availability was investigated. A field experiment was used to determine the effects of the green manure on decomposition. Decomposition of straw/stubble was monitored using the litterbag technique. Following green manure incorporation, soil cores were incubated in a glasshouse to determine mineral-N availability. Though not significant, the inclusion of lupin green manure seemed to increase the decomposition of straw/stubble during the growth period, then slowing it after its incorporation at 110 d. This was described by a logarithmic pattern of loss of - 4.97 g AFDW residue day⁻¹, with 60% remaining after 140 d. Treatments without lupin had a linear decomposition of - 0.12 g AFDW residue day⁻¹, with 49% remaining after 140 d. The loss of cellulose confirmed the differences in decomposition with the inclusion of lupin resulting in 2.79% less cellulose remaining in straw/stubble after 140 d compared to its exclusion. Lupin significantly increased pot oat N uptake and DM yield by 55 % and 46 %, respectively, compared to its exclusion. However, this effect was not observed in field sown wheat yields and the soil mineral-N measurements made. This study showed that the potential of lupin to increase straw/stubble decomposition by improving the retention and availability of N, leading to long-term yield benefits, needed further investigation.
26
Bishop, A(Andrew). "Towards a crop growth, development, and yield model for Lupinus angustifolius L. (narrow leafed lupin) in Tasmania". Thesis, 1994. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/18860/1/whole_BishopAndrew1995_thesis.pdf.
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Experiments were conducted between 1988 and 1990 at Elliott,
Cressy, and Ross in Tasmania using three cultivars (Yandee,
Geebung, and 75A329) of narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius).
The purpose of these experiments was to examine narrow-leafed
lupin growth and development in Tasmania in relation to specific
environmental factors. These factors were related to growth and
development measurements. It was hoped to use these relationships
in a simple crop model suitable for assessing sites for the commercial
production of lupins.
Preliminary experiments in 1988 examined the lupin cultivars
for agronomic suitability in Tasmania. Increased grain yield was a
function of more pods/m2 rather than increased pods/plant. This
suggested that lower, yields of the indeterminate line 75A329 could be
compensated for by a higher plant density than in the indeterminate
cultivars. Lupins responded to higher rainfall and extended growing
season at Elliott thus outyielding crops at Cressy and Ross.
Detailed field experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 at
Elliott and Cressy. Lupin crops developed very slowly in the first 8-
10 weeks, and then grew rapidly after flowering was initiated. It
appeared floral initiation was a function of higher temperatures and
longer days in Yandee and 75A329, with further responses to
vernalisation in Geebung.
Plant density significantly affected grain yield. 75A329 showed
the largest yield responses to increased plant density. Although
increased plant density resulted in increased leaf area, leaf
senescence took place earlier in the highest density crops probably
due to competitive effects. Optimum density for the indeterminate cultivars was 40 plants/m2. It may be higher for determinate cultivars. Low density crops were able to utilise their leaf area for
light interception more efficiently than high density crops. In the
latter, branches and leaves were pushed more towards vertical rather
than horizontal thus less leaf area was presented to intercept light.
The study established that early sowing of lupins in Tasmania
allows more time to grow and develop and yield more grain. A direct
relationship was established between increased total dry matter and
increased grain yield.
The model developed in this study used thermal time as its
only external factor to determine L, intercepted radiation (%), and
total dry matter (kg/ha) during crop growth. From the predicted
figure for total dry matter accumulated by harvest time, an estimate
of potential grain yield could be made for that crop.
This study demonstrated the principle of collecting agronomic
data and, guided by basic plant physiological principles and
mathematical procedures, assembling simple sub-models that when
linked can approximate a particular aspect of crop growth.
27
Kamran, Fozia. "Enzymatic hydrolysis of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) protein : isolation and characterization of bioactive peptides". Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:45742.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Blue lupin (L. angustifolius) is one of few sweet lupin species that is most commonly grown in Australia as soil nitrogen fixing crop. Australia is the largest producer and exporter on sweet lupins in the world. Despite the fact that lupin is rich of protein and fibre, and the lupin based foods offer several health benefits, the grain is mostly used for animal consumption. Hence, it is a low priced commodity. It is therefore; very beneficial to demonstrate the possibility of deriving nutraceutical, functional and therapeutic agents from sweet lupin grain/flour that is most abundant in Australia. Research in this direction will benefit Australian farmers, food industry as well as consumers. This project aims to derive bioactive peptides from lupin protein. It is well known that bioactive peptides can be derived from many food proteins (both animal and plant sources); such as milk, eggs, cheese, meat, fish, soy, rice, wheat and legumes. The process of protein hydrolysis to produce bioactive peptides is of several types, namely, (i) gastrointestinal digestion by digestive enzymes (ii) fermentation by microbial enzymes and (iii) in vitro hydrolysis by commercial enzymes. Many proteinases such as alcalase, trypsin, chymotrypsin, pancreatin, pepsin and flavourzyme have been employed in the literature to produce important bioactive peptides from food proteins. This study aims to: • Enzymatically hydrolyse sweet lupin protein using pepsin, pancreatin and flavourzyme (lupin hydrolysates). • Separate the lupin hydrolysates by molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) membrane. • Further purification of MWCO fractions by bioactivity guided purification methods. • Size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is used in this research for bioactivity guided purification. • Several bioactivities were determined at different stages of purification. These include; antioxidant, immunomodulatory, ACE inhibitory and antimicrobial activities. • The thesis also aims to evaluate the MRI contrast potential of bioactive lupin peptides isolated in this research.
28
Geering, Andrew D. W. "The epidemiology of cucumber mosaic virus in narrow-leafed lupins (Lupinus angustifolius) in South Australia / Andrew D.W. Geering". Thesis, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/21628.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-171).xx, 171 leaves : ill. (some col.), photos ; 30 cm.
Studies factors affecting the rate of epidemic progress of cucumber mosaic virus in Lupinus angustifolius.
Thesis (Ph.D.)--Dept. of Crop Protection, University of Adelaide,1992
29
Torrena, Pernelyn. "Phytophthora parasitica and lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) interactions: changes in gene expression during infection and after phosphite treatment". Phd thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1885/143429.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Phytophthora species are Oomycete pathogens that cause highly
destructive diseases in a variety of agricultural and
horticultural crops, and natural ecosystems. An understanding of
the key biological processes that occur during development and
infection of hosts is important for the development of effective
Phytophthora control mechanisms.
An infection assay model system was developed for P. parasitica
based on lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) seedlings. The progress
of lesion development and colonisation of P. parasitica in
inoculated root tissues was assessed macroscopically and using
light microscopy of sectioned material. At 24 hours post
inoculation (hpi), a few hyphae were observed in the epidermal
and outer cortical cells in the region of the root that had been
at the surface of the zoospore suspension during the inoculation
period. As root infection progressed, the hyphae grew both
towards the vascular tissue at the centre of the root and
longitudinally along the root. At 42 hpi, P. parasitica hyphae
developed haustoria within root cortical cells. No evidence of
callose deposition, a typical plant defence response, by the
lupin root cells was observed after infected roots stained with
aniline blue.
Development of the model lupin-P. parasitica infection assay
system facilitated ensuing studies of this plant-pathogen
interaction, including the cellular and molecular basis of plant
infection. The model assay system was used to examine levels of
resistance of different lupin cultivars following inoculation
with P. parasitica and to analyse temporal patterns of P.
parasitica gene expression using quantitative real-time PCR
(qPCR) during lupin root infection.
One crucial component of Phytophthora pathogenicity is the
digestion of the plant cell wall to allow penetration of the
plant surface and colonisation within the plant tissues. Plant
cell walls are complicated structures that are composed of a wide
range of complex polysaccharides (i.e. cellulose, hemicelluloses
and pectins) and proteins and they constitute an effective
barrier that impedes the entry of many potential pathogens. In
order to penetrate the plant cell wall, pathogens secrete a
diverse array of cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs). The
identity and timing of the expression of genes encoding P.
parasitica CWDEs was analysed using qPCR. It is believed that
pathogens secrete cascades of CWDEs during the infection process
and evidence supporting this hypothesis was obtained from the
lupin-P. parasitica data.
One management strategy used in the control of Phytophthora
diseases is the application of the chemical phosphite. Our
understanding of the mechanism(s) underlying phosphite inhibition
of Phytophthora diseases in plants is limited. Phosphite is
known to have effects on both host plants and Phytophthora
pathogens. In the present study, RNA-Seq was used to investigate
the effects of phosphite on P. parasitica gene expression in
vitro and in planta. Phosphite treatment was found to induce
extensive changes in the expression of many pathogen genes both
in vitro and in planta. One of the exciting results was the
discovery that there was a general tendency for phosphite to
up-regulate the expression of genes that are normally expressed
early in lupin infection (30-36 hpi) and to down-regulate the
expression of genes that are normally expressed during late
infection (54-60 hpi). This was exemplified in particular by P.
parasitica genes encoding pectinase and cellulase CWDEs and RxLR
effectors.
In conclusion, the research described in this thesis has
developed a new and robust model infection assay for use in
studies of plant infection by P. parasitica and, potentially, by
other Phytophthora species. The research also presents the
results of using this assay in transcriptomic studies of pathogen
gene expression during plant infection. The results that have
been obtained provide a better understanding of Phytophthora
pathogenicity mechanisms and should aid the future development of
improved methods of controlling Phytophthora diseases.
30
Wang, Yu-Bin, e 王育彬. "Studies on feed supplement of lupin seed meal(Lupinus angustifolius) on the growth performance of cobia, Rachycentron canadum". Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21408082491696868725.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
碩士國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
91
Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) a tropical marine teleost, has been cage-cultured in Taiwan. The hatches technologies have recently been successful developed shows the expending growth potential and success of artificial propagation and larval production. The cobia grows rapidly grow up to 4─6 kg in one year with feed conversion ratios of 1.3 to 1.6. Cobia taste flesh and eat with sashimi for food, have high economic value. In recent years, cobia becomes a popular aquaculture fish in Taiwan, Japan, Hainan Island, and other southeaster Asia country. The main protein source in cobia feed is supplied by fish meal, is a big part of the cost of cobia feed. In a prerequisite of no affect in cobia growth, this study use lupin (Lupinus angustifolius) as a protein source to replace a part of fish meal to decrease the cost of cobia aquaculture and improve the competitiveness of cobia aquaculture in Taiwan. Cobia juveniles were obtained from PingTung, domesticated for a week and random sampling. Cobia were weight and stocked into small offshore cage in fish farm. Two growth trials were in the study. In the first trial, lupin was added to replace fish meal ranging between 0% to 25% in six diets to investigate the optimal replacement ratio of lupin in cobia diet. In the second trial, lupin was treated by different method and then replace fish meal in cobia diets to improve replacement ratio of lupin. In the first trial, the optimal replace ratio is 20% and have the highest weight gain. In fish body analysis, lipid of liver is increase with the raise of lupin replacement ratio. In the second trial, we use three methods to improve lupin. Heat treatment of lupin can increase weight gain in 20% replacement ratio. Fermented lupin can increase free amino acid of fish body. The adding of extra amino acid of methionine and lysine can increase lupin replacement ratio.
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Karnpanit, Weeraya. "Effect of cultivar and processing on anti-nutritional factors and bioaccessibility of minerals of Australian sweet lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.)". Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.7/uws:38285.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Australian sweet lupin (ASL) (Lupinus angustifolius L.) is an underutilised grain legume with a unique chemical composition. It contains high protein and dietary fibre and is a good source of vitamins, minerals and bioactive compounds. Due to various health benefits, there is an increasing interest in developing lupin incorporated functional foods. However, the presence of anti-nutritional factors is one of the reasons that limit commercial production of lupin based foods. Major anti-nutritional factors in lupin include raffinose family oligosaccharides (RFOs), phytate and polyphenols. Phytate and polyphenols have negative effects on the minerals bioavailability. RFOs also cause flatulence and abdominal discomfort.
Published information on the anti-nutritional factors and mineral bioavailability of ASL is limited. The present study aimed at investigating the effect of cultivar, cultivation year and dehulling on mineral (calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and zinc), anti-nutritional factors (RFOs, phytate, total phenolics, total flavonoids and condensed tannins) and mineral bioaccessibility (calcium, iron and zinc) of ASL. The relationships between minerals or anti-nutritional factors, and mineral bioaccessibility were also determined.
Ten cultivars of ASL (Belara, Corumup, Gungurru, Jenabillup, Mandelup, PBA Barlock, PBA Gunyidi, Quilinock, Tanjil, and Walan 2385) cultivated at Wongan Hills Research Station in 2011, 2012 and 2013 were obtained from the Department of Agriculture and Food, Western Australia. Lupin samples were analysed for RFOs, phytate, total phenolics, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and zinc contents. Bioaccessibility of calcium, iron and zinc in heat treated lupin samples were determined using a dialysability method.
The results showed that most of ASL cultivars are good sources of RFOs. Average total RFOs content in ASL (dehulled seeds) was 10.5 g/100 g DM which is higher than most of the other pulses such as black gram and mung bean. Phytate content in lupin is similar to some other pulses such as chickpea and mung bean but lower than kidney bean and soybean. ASL cultivars had low levels of total phenolics (< 100 mg GAE/100 g DM), total flavonoids (< 20 mg CE/100 g DM) and condensed tannins (< 80 mg CE/100 g DM). Dehulled seed of ASL contained relatively high amount of calcium (95 mg/100 g DM) and potassium (1120 mg/100 g DM). Iron (3 mg/100 g DM) and zinc (4 mg/100 g DM) contents in ASL (dehulled seed) were similar to some other grain legumes such as soybean and lentil.
The results showed that cultivar has a significant influence on RFOs, phytate, total phenolics, total flavonoids, condensed tannins, calcium, iron, magnesium, potassium and zinc contents in lupin. Belara and Mandelup contain high levels of total RFOs and recommended for prebiotic rich functional food product development. Gungurru and PBA Barlock had low RFOs and suitable for lupin-enriched foods with low flatulence effect. PBA Barlock contained higher level of polyphenols and flavonoids than most of the other lupin cultivars. Walan 2385 has the highest condensed tannin content and high in flavonoids contents. The highest iron (3.2 mg/100 g DM) and zinc (3.8 mg/100 g DM) contents were found in Belara and Quilinock, respectively. Belara and Quilinock also contain high calcium contents. These findings on the effect of cultivar on anti-nutritional factors and minerals are helpful in selecting suitable cultivars for particular food applications.
Lupin flour for food applications is commercially produced by the dry dehulling technique. Lupin flour can be incorporated into various foods. The effect of dry dehulling on iron, magnesium, zinc, RFOs, phytate, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents depends on the lupin cultivar. Dehulling increases condensed tannin and potassium contents in most lupin cultivars. Calcium contents in all lupin cultivars were reduced as a result of dehulling.
Average calcium, iron and zinc bioaccessibility values of ASL (dehulled seeds) were 11, 21 and 12%. Calcium and zinc bioaccessibility values of lupin were poor and lower than some other grain legumes such as cowpea and mung bean. The low calcium and zinc bioaccessibility values indicate that these minerals may form large complexes which are difficult to be digested by the human digestive system. In contrast, iron bioaccessibility of ASL is higher than values reported for other pulses including red grams and black grams. Cultivar had a significant effect on calcium and iron bioaccessibility of lupin but had no effect on zinc bioaccessibility. PBA Gunyidi had higher calcium bioaccessibility than some of the other cultivars. High iron bioaccessibility values were found in Gungurru and Mandelup.
Calcium bioaccessibility of most of the lupin cultivars were increased after dehulling.
Phytate to calcium molar ratios of dehulled lupin samples present poor calcium bioavailability. All tested lupin cultivars had high phytate to iron molar ratios indicating poor iron bioavailability. High phytate to zinc molar ratios were recorded in almost all of the lupin samples implying poor zinc bioavailability. Although the phytate to mineral molar ratios are widely used as predictors of mineral bioavailability, the result of the study shows that the phytate to mineral molar ratio is not correlated to the mineral bioaccessibility of lupin. Therefore, the phytate to mineral molar ratio may be not a suitable predictor of the mineral bioaccessibility of lupin.
Bioaccessibility was not directly related to calcium, iron or zinc contents of lupin which shows that high mineral content is not always related to high mineral bioaccessibility. Calcium content was negatively correlated to bioaccessibility of calcium of lupin. Results also showed negative trend between iron content and iron bioaccessibility as well as zinc content and zinc bioaccessibility. Poor correlations between minerals (calcium, iron and zinc) bioaccessibility values and anti-nutritional factors (RFOs, phytate, total phenolics, total flavonoids and condensed tannins) were found. This finding indicates that the anti-nutritional factors studied are not likely to significantly affect the minerals bioaccessibility of lupin.
A stepwise multiple regressions were performed to develop predictive equations to predict mineral bioaccessibility using the minerals and anti-nutritional factors contents. A predictive equation using calcium, phytate and RFOs contents can predict 69% of the calcium bioaccessibility of lupin. Iron, calcium, RFOs and polyphenols contents can be used to predict 70% of the iron bioaccessibility of lupin. A regression equation using zinc, calcium and condensed tannin contents can estimate 59% of zinc bioaccessibility of lupin. These predictive equations indicate that there are other factors affecting the minerals bioaccessibility of lupin in addition to the factors studied.
32
Castro, Ana Margarida Calvinho Cerveira Almiro e. "Desenvolvimento e otimização de um filme biodegradável à base de proteína do tremoço (Lupinus angustifolius)". Master's thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.1/8393.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Dissertação de Mestrado, Biologia Molecular e Microbiana, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade do Algarve, 2015Os consumidores atuais, preocupando-se com o ambiente e a saúde humana, preferem materiais de embalagem biológicos. Estes, desenvolvidos através da investigação, devem substituir as poliolefinas na indústria de embalagens. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um filme de embalagem alimentar baseado em proteína isolada de tremoço (PIT) com propriedades antioxidantes e antimicrobianas. Para otimizar a composição do filme, usou-se a metodologia de superfície de resposta (MSR) e um design de mistura, sendo as variáveis independentes: % PIT, (x1); % glicerol, (x2) e % de água, (x3). Foram medidas 6 respostas: L (Y1), a (Y2), b (Y3); espessura (Y4); força de punção (Y5) e teor de humidade (Y6), originando 6 modelos polinomiais. Através de otimização numérica, obteve-se a melhor composição: 8,98 % PIT, 6,88 % glicerol e 84.15 % água. A validação experimental revelou que Y2 e Y4, eram significativamente diferentes dos valores previstos, sendo o filme mais fino e amarelado. As atividades antioxidantes e antimicrobiana do filme otimizado foram seguidamente avaliadas e, como o crescimento de Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Staphylococcus aureus e Pseudomonas aeruginosa não foi inibido, adicionou-se carvacrol à solução formadora do filme repetindo-se os testes de atividade antimicrobiana e antioxidante. As propriedades foram também avaliadas no filme PIT, no filme com carvacrol (FCC) e nas soluções com (SCC) e sem carvacrol (SSC). SCC inibiu todos os microrganismos, enquanto o filme com carvacrol inibiu todos menos a Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Os compostos fenólicos totais, flavonoides e capacidade antioxidante do filme foram, respetivamente, 307.41 mg EAG/100 g PIT, 20.56 mg EQ/100 g PIT e 9.38 mmol ET/100g PIT não se verificando diferenças significativas entre a SSC e o filme de PIT. Estes valores aumentaram consideravelmente na SCC e no FCC. Neste estudo foi possível desenvolver um filme de embalagem de PIT, amarelo, com atividade antioxidante relativamente baixa e sem atividade antimicrobiana, requerendo adição de um agente antimicrobiano que irá aumentar a sua atividade antioxidante.
33
Chiu, Yi-Hsien, e 邱宜賢. "The Replacement of Soybean（Glycine max merrill）Meal by Lupin（Lupinus angustifolius）Seed Meal in Tilapia（Oreochromis niloticus×O. aureus） Diets". Thesis, 2000. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72562055392247380121.
Texto completo da fonte
34
Wu, Chia-Ying, e 吳佳穎. "Effect of feed supplement with Lupin meal (Lupinus angustifolius) replacing Corn gluten meal on growth performance of Kikuchi minnow (Aphyocypris kikuchii)". Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18048990452805298219.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
碩士國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
103
This research evaluated the dietary effects of Lupinus angustifolius meal (LM) replacing corn gluten meal (CGM) on growth performance of Kikuchi minnow (Aphyocypris kikuchii). Kikuchi minnow (0.42 g) were fed for 6 weeks (42 days) on diets contained LM to substitute 0, 5, 10, 15 or 20% with CGM. Fishes were assigned randomly to 5 experimental tanks with different diets, and each diet was fed to triplicate groups of 15 fishes. The results showed there had no significant difference between the diets replaced with 0% LM and 10% LM on percent weight gain (WG): 44%, 38% and feed efficiency (FE): 26%, 23%. Protein content of whole fish body decreased with the higher replacement in diet by LM. Protein efficiency rate (PER) and daily N increase per hundred gram body weight (mg/100g b.w.) had no significant difference between diet replaced with 0% LM and 10% LM. However, WG, PER and daily N increase (mg/100g b.w.) were significant lower in diet replaced with 15% LM than 10% LM. In conclusion, the proper level of replacing CGM with LM for Kikuchi minnow is 10%.
35
STÝBLOVÁ, Jiřina. "Hodnocení úpravy a zpracování semen vybraných luskovin na produkci bílkovinných koncentrátů". Master's thesis, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80736.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This diploma work was assessed effects of different seed treatment (untreated flour from whole seed, flour from the uterus after soaking seeds, flour from the seeds sprouted cotyledon) by three species of legumes (Pisum sativum conv. Sativum L., Vicia faba L., Lupinus angustifolius L.) yield and composition of protein isolate obtained by isoelectric precipitation. It was found that the seeds of change most affects yield precipitated N (mg) and 45%. When determining the value of the yield of protein was affected by significant interactions (treatment and the type of legume seeds). The largest share was, however, precipitate in untreated and germinated lupine seeds, in which values are around 57%. Furthermore, the thesis was to reverse the precipitation of proteins, using which we obtained protein concentrates from different species of legumes. The yields of protein concentrates reach values in the range of 60-80%. Spectra of soluble proteins is clearly visible high concentration of isolated proteins. Variation of sprouted seeds and soaked that occurred during treatment of seeds for the collapse of proteins with higher molecular weight. Furthermore, these grafts are transferred protein extraction at pH 9.0 in the later produced protein isolates. After acid precipitation is observed on a spectrum that is re-soluble protein isolates.
36
MAREK, Josef. "Hodnocení vlivu klíčení na profily zásobních bílkovin v semenech vybraných druhů luskovin". Master's thesis, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-170429.
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The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess changes in pattern of legume storage proteins during germination. Four species of legumes were chosen for analyses ? Glycine max L., Lupinus angustifolius L., Pisum sativum L. and Vicia faba L. Seeds for analyses were sampled at the beginning, middle and end of germination. Proteins were extracted from lyophilised and homogenised material. These proteins were analysed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The results proved that during seed germination the seed storage proteins cleave into smaller peptides, which forms new proteins. The intensity of protein bands in pea seeds was decreased in the area at around 48-45 kda and 40-36 kDa and the intensity of the proteins bands was increased at around the protein bands 25-23 kDa and 19-7 kDa. In lupine were not detected the protein bands over 39 kDa and during germination amount of protein bands in areas 15-7 kDa was increased
37
Chen, Jia-Jen, e 陳佳珍. "Studies on feed supplement of lupin seed meal (Lupins angustifolius) and insulin-like factor on the growth performance of tilapia, Oreochromis mossambicus". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/31206493407856422938.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
碩士國立臺灣大學
漁業科學研究所
89
The utility of vegetable protein sources in the diet for freshwater fish has been studied by many researchers. These studies were conducted to determine the value of heated (120 ℃, 40 min ) lupin seed meal (HL) as replacement for fish meal (FM), soybean meal (SM) and rice bran (RB) in the diet of tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus). On the other hand, insulin-like growth factor (IGF) was incorporated in the diet containing 25 % HL and un-treatment lupin seed meal (UL) to investigate the growth of tilapia. In the first experiment, after 42 feeding days, there were no significant differences in the weight gain (WG), feed efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency rate (PER) among the 8 experimental diets. All of the WG, FE and PER among the following two groups：25 % HL and 12.5 % HL, respectively were very close to those among the FM-based group (30 %). It may be defined that 14% FM can be replaced by 25 % HL in the tilapia diet. In the second experiment, after 63 feeding days, it could be observed that the WG and FE of the tilapia fed with HL were greater than those fed with UL whether the IGF was added in the diet. It was amazing that the PER of two separate groups both containing IGF (2.10 and 2.05, respectively) were greater than that of FM-based diet group (1.93). Besides, it was also noted that when the group containing HL was added with IGF, whose WG (227%) and FE (55.5%) was almost equal to those of FM-based meal group (WG：228% and FE：55.5%).