Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Local centralisation"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Local centralisation"
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Breuillard, Michèle. "« Local Government » et centralisation en Angleterre". Annuaire des collectivités locales 21, n.º 1 (2001): 739–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/coloc.2001.1417.
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Hoffman, István. "“No Countries for Municipalities?” – Old and New Faces of Centralisation in the Time of Crisis". Hrvatska i komparativna javna uprava 24, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2024): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.31297/hkju.24.1.6.
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Public service provision and administration have been transformed by digitalisation and the application of information and communication technologies (ICT). The article will focus mainly on the impact of these changes on regulatory issues. New approaches have been developed: “soft power” issues, like regulation and standards of public service provision, and central financial tools have become new elements of centralisation reforms, and the concentration of local public services and local administration has become a new issue, especially in Northern and Western Europe. Similarly, the “platformisation” of local services can be interpreted as a new form of centralisation. A “Northern” and “Southern/Eastern” approach to centralisation can be distinguished, and these are analysed in the article.
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Fialaire, Jacques. "La centralisation du système éducatif britannique : «le marché s’administre»". Revue française d'administration publique 79, n.º 1 (1996): 535–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1996.3067.
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The Centralisation of the British Education System : “the Market Rules”. During the 1980s the organisation of education in the UK passed from the era of “local government” to a conception based upon a mixture of centralisation and entrepreneurial vision. The introduction of the national curriculum in the important 1988 law on schools marked the first stage of centralisation and has been followed by a growth in the areas of government intervention at the expense of local education authorities. In order to ensure a more efficient education system centralisation has been combined with a reinforcement of the managerial responsibilities of those in charge of schools, that is school governors and headteachers. The recent reforms aim to establish a “market” in education, relying upon an increase in financial support from businesses and upon the recognition of the powers of parents in their guise as “consumers” of education services.
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Kákai, László. "Centralisation in one step. Centralisation and decentralisation in Hungary from a public services perspective". Politics in Central Europe 17, s1 (1 de outubro de 2021): 703–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pce-2021-0029.
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Abstract It is very difficult to group countries and state structures according to the extent of their decentralisation or the model they follow in the spatial distribution of power. The strengthening of local municipalities and the almost continuous evolution of their role reflects the steady downsizing of public services provided by the state and the extension of market circumstances. Until the economic crisis in 2008, the importance of state redistribution increased in almost each of the developed countries, more and more nation state functions were centralised under the authority of international organisations, and the “curtailment” of national governments’ authority occurred in tandem with the strengthening of the local state, i.e. municipalities. The study exploring the issue of centralisation and decentralisation does not seek to unearth the relationship between the two concepts, but to examine from the point of view of consumer satisfaction how such a hastily implemented reform is able to respond to consumer demands. It also examines how those concerned by the financial and political changes, i.e. the population perceived this most important structural transformation of the period since the transition in 1989. Can it be verified from the consumers’ point of view that the transformation of the local municipal system improves the quality of service provision? The study reviews the process and social reception of the largest-scale administrative reform in Hungary post-1989 (with a primary focus on public services) using data from an extensive survey (representative of settlement type and sociode-mographic variables).
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Novokreshchenov, A. V. "FROM CENTRALIZATION OF LOCAL COUNCILS TO CENTRALISATION OF LOCAL SELF-MANAGEMENT". Territory Development, n.º 1 (2018): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32324/2412-8945-2018-1-22-26.
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Yoo, Jaewon. "Assessing Central-Local Government Relations in Contemporary South Korea: An Application of Page & Goldsmith’s Comparative Framework". Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 16, n.º 3 (30 de julho de 2018): 505–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/16.3.505-528(2018).
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This paper has two main purposes: first, it measures the level and degree of decentralisation in contemporary Korea, and, second, it explains why decentralisation is slow or stagnant. To measure the level of decentralisation in Korea, this paper uses Page & Goldsmith’s triple measures of function, discretion, and access, which were developed to examine the extent of centralisation and decentralisation in any given polity. The results suggest that Korea is both legally and politically centralised. In Korea, a centralised party system has combined with other factors to drive centralisation, overcoming the decentralising forces that focus mainly on local elected and appointed officials. Centralising forces include the bureaucratic elitism of national officials, cultural disdain for local governments, and local people’s feeble affective attachment to local identities and communities.
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Duncan, Simon, e Mark Goodwin. "Removing local government autonomy: Political Centralisation and financial control". Local Government Studies 14, n.º 6 (novembro de 1988): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03003938808433441.
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Fulop, Naomi J., Angus IG Ramsay, Cecilia Vindrola-Padros, Caroline S. Clarke, Rachael Hunter, Georgia Black, Victoria J. Wood et al. "Centralisation of specialist cancer surgery services in two areas of England: the RESPECT-21 mixed-methods evaluation". Health and Social Care Delivery Research 11, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2023): 1–196. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/qfgt2379.
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Background Centralising specialist cancer surgical services is an example of major system change. High-volume centres are recommended to improve specialist cancer surgery care and outcomes. Objective Our aim was to use a mixed-methods approach to evaluate the centralisation of specialist surgery for prostate, bladder, renal and oesophago-gastric cancers in two areas of England [i.e. London Cancer (London, UK), which covers north-central London, north-east London and west Essex, and Greater Manchester Cancer (Manchester, UK), which covers Greater Manchester]. Design Stakeholder preferences for centralising specialist cancer surgery were analysed using a discrete choice experiment, surveying cancer patients (n = 206), health-care professionals (n = 111) and the general public (n = 127). Quantitative analysis of impact on care, outcomes and cost-effectiveness used a controlled before-and-after design. Qualitative analysis of implementation and outcomes of change used a multisite case study design, analysing documents (n = 873), interviews (n = 212) and non-participant observations (n = 182). To understand how lessons apply in other contexts, we conducted an online workshop with stakeholders from a range of settings. A theory-based framework was used to synthesise these approaches. Results Stakeholder preferences – patients, health-care professionals and the public had similar preferences, prioritising reduced risk of complications and death, and better access to specialist teams. Travel time was considered least important. Quantitative analysis (impact of change) – only London Cancer’s centralisations happened soon enough for analysis. These changes were associated with fewer surgeons doing more operations and reduced length of stay [prostate –0.44 (95% confidence interval –0.55 to –0.34) days; bladder –0.563 (95% confidence interval –4.30 to –0.83) days; renal –1.20 (95% confidence interval –1.57 to –0.82) days]. The centralisation meant that renal patients had an increased probability of receiving non-invasive surgery (0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.02 to 0.08). We found no evidence of impact on mortality or re-admissions, possibly because risk was already low pre-centralisation. London Cancer’s prostate, oesophago-gastric and bladder centralisations had medium probabilities (79%, 62% and 49%, respectively) of being cost-effective, and centralising renal services was not cost-effective (12% probability), at the £30,000/quality-adjusted life-year threshold. Qualitative analysis, implementation and outcomes – London Cancer’s provider-led network overcame local resistance by distributing leadership throughout the system. Important facilitators included consistent clinical leadership and transparent governance processes. Greater Manchester Cancer’s change leaders learned from history to deliver the oesophago-gastric centralisation. Greater Manchester Cancer’s urology centralisations were not implemented because of local concerns about the service model and local clinician disengagement. London Cancer’s network continued to develop post implementation. Consistent clinical leadership helped to build shared priorities and collaboration. Information technology difficulties had implications for interorganisational communication and how reliably data follow the patient. London Cancer’s bidding processes and hierarchical service model meant that staff reported feelings of loss and a perceived ‘us and them’ culture. Workshop – our findings resonated with workshop attendees, highlighting issues about change leadership, stakeholder collaboration and implications for future change and evaluation. Limitations The discrete choice experiment used a convenience sample, limiting generalisability. Greater Manchester Cancer implementation delays meant that we could study the impact of only London Cancer changes. We could not analyse patient experience, quality of life or functional outcomes that were important to patients (e.g. continence). Future research Future research may focus on impact of change on care options offered, patient experience, functional outcomes and long-term sustainability. Studying other approaches to achieving high-volume services would be valuable. Study registration National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Clinical Research Network Portfolio reference 19761. Funding This project was funded by the NIHR Health and Social Care Delivery Research programme and will be published in full in Health and Social Care Delivery Research; Vol. 11, No. 2. See the NIHR Journals Library website for further project information.
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Quinn, Bríd. "Local government, 2017". Administration 66, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2018): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/admin-2018-0003.
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Abstract Another year, another minister, another renaming of the department! Changes to the cabinet in June 2017 included the appointment of Eoghan Murphy, TD, as Minister for Housing, Planning and Local Government, and John Paul Phelan, TD, as Minister of State at the Department of Housing, Planning and Local Government with Special Responsibility for Local Government and Electoral Reform. Further functional realignment also took place: community functions were transferred to the newly created Department of Rural and Community Development and, at the end of 2017, responsibility for motor taxation was transferred to the Department of Transport, Tourism and Sport. Thus, the centralisation of functions traditionally associated with local government continues.
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Iachello, Enrico. "Centralisation Étatique et Pouvoir Local en Sicile au XIXe siècle". Annales. Histoire, Sciences Sociales 49, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1994): 241–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ahess.1994.279255.
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La centralisation administrative qui, sur la base du modèle français diffusé par les armées napoléoniennes, s'impose dans une grande partie de l'Europe continentale, n'est pas un processus homogène et, comme on a d'ailleurs pu le montrer pour l'expérience française elle-même, il ne peut supprimer tout pouvoir local. « Elle en génère — écrit P. Grémion — des formes spécifiques, obscures sans doute, parallèles souvent, suffisamment affirmées cependant pour contrebalancer le pouvoir du sommet ». Pour appliquer les décisions du centre, poursuit le sociologue français, « les organisations locales élaborent des modèles de relations spécifiques avec la population et les élites.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Local centralisation"
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Breuillard, Michèle. "Local government et centralisation en Angleterre". Lille 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999LIL20020.
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Longtemps consideree comme l'exemple ideal de l'autonomie locale, l'administration locale britannique, ou local government, est pourtant entierement subordonnee au parlement souverain. En fait, ses fonctions, sa structure et son territoire dependent de la volonte gouvernementale, via la majorite parlementaire, comme le montre l'accumulation des reformes dont elle fait l'objet depuis plus d'un siecle. Et depuis la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, la centralisation des politiques publiques se confirme a travers la multiplication des transferts de competence locale au profit de l'administration centrale et des agences nationales ou regionales et meme a travers le controle de l'etat sur des depenses locales. La " revolution thatcher " n'a fait qu'accentuer ces phenomenes, radicalisant la crise ancienne et latente des relations entre le pouvoir central et les autorites locales. Le local government est devenu un des principaux lieux de conflit de la vie politique et un enjeu de la reforme de l'etat-providence par le biais d'une reduction drastique des finances locales, d'une etatisation ou d'une privatisation, selon les domaines, des services locaux qui constituaient sa raison d'etre. Pour comprendre cette evolution jusqu'au programme travailliste de modernisation institutionnelle et de regionalisation du gouvernement blair elu en 1997, il faut apprehender le systeme politico-administratif britannique dans la diversite de ses quatre nations-regions, avant de voir le fonctionnement des institutions administratives anglaises. En effet l'idee sous-jacente est qu'on ne peut dissocier le systeme politique du systeme administratif. De plus, l'etude des rapports entre les acteurs politiques et administratifs depasse la question de la nature juridique du local government et oblige a s'interroger sur la legitimite et la representativite des elus locaux. Ceci amene a traiter le sujet sous l'angle combine du droit, administratif et constitutionnel, et de la science administrative.
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Moya, Hazel Nasiphi. "Examination of centralisation practices in South African local government". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10825.
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Includes bibliographical references (leaves 80-94).Democratic decentralisation in South Africa was undertaken as part of post-apartheid restructuring. This signified a shift on local government's status from being a tier to being a sphere with its own and powers functions. The empowerment of local government is evident in five tested indicators, which are the areas that are empowered to lift local government's autonomy as stipulated in the constitution and in supporting legislations. These areas include legal, financial, functional, human resources and public participation. However, these areas are facing challenges which lead to scholars and government to view local government as inefficient and ineffective. As a result, central government is intervening in local government's affairs claiming to ensure the intended constitutional objectives.This dissertation examines the evidence of centralisation by testing five areas that are constitutionally empowered to ensure democratic decentralisation. In South Africa, these indicators are evident in empowering of local government based on the national legislations and supporting local government policies. However, the central government's interference has undermined these powers and function.
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Liu, Ruihua. "La diversité des pouvoirs locaux en Chine entre centralisation et autonomie dans une perspective juridique évolutive". Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LORR0300/document.
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La présente thèse s’intéresse à la diversité des pouvoirs locaux en Chine qui se trouvent pris entre une tendance centralisatrice traditionnelle et une évolution autonomiste innovatrice. Les autorités centrales exercent en Chine encore l’essentiel des pouvoirs de l’État et se superposent de manière puissante aux pouvoirs locaux. Toutefois, même si c’est sous le contrôle des autorités centrales, les pouvoirs locaux ont acquis désormais des compétences dans de multiples domaines. Ils représentent ainsi de nos jours de réels centres du pouvoir que le personnel politique convoite lors des compétitions politiques. Mais contrairement à la France, les pouvoirs locaux se présentent en Chine dans un contexte de régime communiste. Cependant, comme en France, les politiques de décentralisation et de déconcentration constituent un défi pour le développement politique de l’État. À cet égard, l’échelon local a changé de statut : il a vocation à devenir une échelle décisive de gouvernement des sociétés. Cette thèse s’adresse aux juristes français et a pour ambition de leur expliquer la Chine décentralisée ainsi que l’évolution juridique et politique qui a mené à la situation actuelle. Notamment depuis une trentaine d’années, les pouvoirs locaux prennent de plus en plus de place dans la vie politique, administrative et juridique de la Chine. La thèse présente le cadre essentiellement constitutionnel de la décentralisation à la chinoise, et expose également la dimension pratique de son fonctionnement. À ce titre sont vus les changements de statut des échelons autonomes, leurs capacités juridiques et politiques et le degré de leur autonomie, tant du point de vue de la décentralisation que de la déconcentration. Le régime local se présente en Chine de manière extrêmement diversifié, à la fois dans une dimension chronologique et diachroniqueThis thesis focuses on the diversity of local authorities in China, who are found between traditional centralizing tendency and autonomist innovative evolution. The central authorities in China still carry most of the powers of the state and overlap powerfully to local authorities. However, even if they are under the control of central authorities, local authorities have now acquired competences in multiple areas, such as economy, social sector, urban planning, culture, environment and sport. Local authorities thus represent today real centers of power that covets politicians during political events. But unlike in France, local authorities are presented in China in the context of the communist regime. However, as in France, the decentralization and deconcentration policy represents a challenge for public policy development. In this regard, the local level has changed status: it aims to become a decisive level of government corporations. This thesis is for French legal professionals and aims to explain the decentralized China also the legal and political developments which led to the current situation. Especially since the latest thirty years, that local authorities become having more and more space in the political, administrative and legal life of China. The thesis not only presents essentially the constitutional framework of decentralization in China, but also exposes the practical dimension of its operation. As are seen changes in the status of autonomous levels, their legal and political capacity and the degree of autonomy, both from the perspective of decentralization as deconcentration. The local regime in China has extremely diverse manner in both a chronological and diachronic dimension. This diversity of local authorities is demonstrated through both parts of the thesis
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Shi, Silu. "Les structures administratives territoriales de l'Etat en Chine". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01D053.
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Dans l’image traditionnelle, la Chine est un État unitaire typiquement centralisé. Un tel concept, même à l’ère de Mao Zedong, n’est pas très précis, car à l’époque, la Chine a quand-même connu au moins trois cycles de déconcentration/centralisation. Alors, après la réforme d’«ouverture vers l’extérieur» par Deng Xiaoping, la Chine a établi des relations contrastées entre le central et le local. Deng Xiaoping a adopté une décentralisation des compétences par les mesures administratives et transfère les « intérêts » à l’échelon local, ce qui induit une grande latitude pour ce dernier, en particulier, en matière de développement de l’économie. Ainsi, une décentralisation non institutionnalisée a conduit l’échelon local à devenir de facto une entité administrative qui maîtrise les ressources et les compétences au nom de l’État, plutôt qu’obéissant aveuglément au central. Derrière ce changement, on voit l’émergence et la force motrice des intérêts locaux, avec une décentralisation approfondie, les gouvernements locaux ont reçu beaucoup plus de pouvoirs discrétionnaires, surtout pour ce qui concerne les affaires locales, et en même temps, à travers la maîtrise des ressources et des pouvoirs, les gouvernements locaux possèdent les «jetons» dans la négociation avec le gouvernement central, ayant pour objet et effet d’exprimer les intérêts locaux et d’influencer les décisions du central. Pour maintenir sa primauté, le gouvernement central a adopté une centralisation sélective pour faire face à cette décentralisation de facto afin d’arriver à un équilibre entre le central et le local. Cependant, une décentralisation non institutionnalisée, principalement à travers les négociations pour atteindre un équilibre entre les deux précédents, semble une approche qui n’est toujours pas stable, de telle sorte que la recherche d’une normativité des relations entre le central et le local est devenue un objectif à long termeIn the traditional image, China is a typically centralized unitary country, such a concept, even in the era of Mao Zedong, is not very precise, because at that time, China has even experienced at least three cycles of decentralisation/centralisation. So, through the reform and open by Deng Xiaoping, China has formed contrasting relations between central and local. Deng Xiaoping has adopted decentralization through administrative measures to decentralize the power and transfer “interests” to the local government, so that, the local government has a major initiative, in particular, in the development of the economy. Thus, the non-institutional decentralization leads the local government to become de facto an administrative entity which controls resources and power in the name of the central government. So the local government is not just obeying the central government like before. Behind this change is the emergence and the driving force of local interests. With a deep decentralization, the local governments have received much more discretionary power, especially in the local affairs and at the same time, through the control of resources and powers, the local governments have the “bargain chip” to negotiate with the central government, so that they could express local interests and influence the decisions of the central government. In order to maintain central authority, the central government has adopted a selective centralization for this de facto centralization, so as to achieve a balance between the central government and the local government. However, the non-institutional decentralization mainly through negotiation to achieve a balance between the two preceding ones, seems to be an approach that is still not stable, so that the search for a normativity of relations between central and local has become a long-term goal
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Mellinger, Florian. "La centralisation, les centralisateurs et la réforme de l’administration locale sous la monarchie de Juillet". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUL053.
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Cette thèse analyse la réforme de l’administration locale des années 1830 et ses conséquences sur la centralisation, conception en plein essor au premier XIXème siècle, considérée comme l’application du principe hiérarchique au sein d’une pyramide d’exécution administrative unitaire. Elle se concentre dans un premier temps sur l’étude des théories et des parcours des théoriciens du pouvoir et de la science du droit administratif. Il s’agit de comprendre la façon dont ces théoriciens considèrent la centralisation et l’administration locale dans le contexte de la monarchie parlementaire. Elle aborde ensuite l’étude des débats parlementaires sur la réforme, avec les temps des lois de 1831 et 1833 et des lois de 1837 et 1838, mais aussi les débats hésitants des temps intermédiaires de 1833 à 1835. Elle révèle ainsi les positions des groupes politiques sur la réforme, les combinaisons parlementaires définissant la rédaction finale des textes et le sens de ces derniers, à l’aune de la centralisation, objet politique de ces débats. Enfin, cette thèse met en lumière ce qu’elle définit comme étant un écosystème centralisateur faisant de la centralisation un lieu neutre sous la monarchie de Juillet. Ainsi, elle étudie des vecteurs d’accompagnement de la réforme, tel qu’un écrit de vulgarisation critique, les instructions ministérielles qui la mettent en œuvre et une publication périodique philanthropique visant à diffuser les normes aux personnels locaux. Elle analyse la réception et le suivi de la réforme par la grande presse nationale. Elle livre enfin quelques éléments sociologiques sur les parlementaires qui l’ont débattue. Elle montre une progression de la centralisation sous la monarchie de Juillet, dans les normes comme dans les espritsThis thesis analyses the reform of local administration in the 1830s and its consequences on centralisation, a concept that was in full swing in the first nineteenth century, considered as the application of the hierarchical principle within a unitary pyramid of administrative execution. It focuses initially on the study of the theories and paths of the theorists of power and of the science of administrative law. The aim is to understand how these theorists view centralisation and local administration in the context of parliamentary monarchy. It then turns to the study of the parliamentary debates on reform, with the times of the laws of 1831 and 1833 and the laws of 1837 and 1838, but also the hesitant debates of the intermediate times from 1833 to 1835. It thus reveals the positions of the political groups on the reform, the parliamentary combinations defining the final drafting of the texts and the meaning of the latter, in the light of centralisation, the political object of these debates. Finally, this thesis highlights what it defines as a centralising ecosystem making centralisation a neutral place under the July Monarchy. Thus, it studies the vectors accompanying the reform, such as a critical popularisation document, the ministerial instructions implementing it, and a philanthropic periodical aimed at disseminating the norms to local personnel. It analyses the reception and follow-up of the reform by the major national press. Finally, it provides some sociological elements on the parliamentarians who debated it. It shows a progression of centralisation under the July monarchy, in norms as well as in minds
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Cameron, Robert. "Local government policy in South Africa 1980-1989 (with specific reference to the Western Cape) : devolution, delegation, deconcentration or centralisation?" Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15947.
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Bibliography: p. 512-557.This thesis is an examination of the National Party's policy of decentralisation of powers to local authorities in the 1980s. The thesis concentrates primarily on urban local government and its objectives are: 1. To trace the evolution of the south African state's policy of devolution of powers to local authorities in the 1980s; 2. To examine critically the main features of new local government legislation in this period, with particular reference to the devolution of powers policy; 3. To apply a normative framework for analysis, which can help serve as a heuristic device, in determining the extent of decentralisation that has occurred, to selected local authorities in the western Cape. The primary sources of research material that were consulted were Hansard, Acts of parliament, government commissions and gazettes, year books, provincial debates, ordinances, gazettes, circulars and local authorities' minutes and publications. Approximately 50 qualitative interviews were also conducted. The framework of analysis utilised certain indices, namely personnel, access, functions, party politics, finance and hierarchical relations, to measure the extent of decentralisation that has occurred in three local authorities in the Western Cape. This framework helped determine that limited devolution of powers had occurred. There were four major reasons for the reluctance of the National Party to devolve extensive powers to local authorities. First and foremost, reform policy was made in an elitist, top-down manner by a small group of reformers in order to ensure that the government could share power without losing control. The corollary of this centralised policy-making was the tendency of centr.al and provincial authorities not to devolve extensive powers to local authorities. Secondly, there was the viewpoint of the central government that the local government development process had to be controlled from the top because of the lack of sufficient skills, experience and finance at local level. Thirdly, the need for macro-economic financial control was· also a brake on the devolution process. Fourthly, the government believed that, in a unitary state, central government should always have a relative degree of control over local authorities' activities.
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Germain, Tommaso. "La métropole, nouvelle frontière de l'Etat-providence : Métropolisation des politiques publiques d'insertion et institutionnalisation de la métropole de Lyon (2014-2024)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lyon 2, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LYO20017.
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Dans le sillage de la réforme de 2014, les métropoles sont devenues des acteurs « affirmés » de l’action publique territoriale française. A Lyon, la collectivité métropolitaine fondée sur l’absorption du département sur son périmètre a doublé son volume en agents et a étendu son champ de compétences. Cette recherche fondée sur une immersion longue au sein de l’administration entend répondre à la question suivante : l’émergence de la métropole, concentrant localement les moyens et les leviers, a-t-elle transformé l’action publique ? Nous examinons concrètement la création de la collectivité et son déploiement institutionnel sur une dizaine d’années, à partir d’une focale sur une direction opérationnelle chargée de mettre en œuvre une politique publique au cœur de la construction métropolitaine : la politique d’insertion économique, rendue possible par la fusion et « étendard » proclamé de l’institution. A partir d’une sociologie de l’administration, nous saisissons cette politique publique au prisme de sa transformation et de son pilotage et sa mise en œuvre partenariaux, associant notamment l’État. En définitive, il s’agit de contribuer par cette monographie à l’étude de la métropolisation de l’action publique en France depuis les années 2010In France, the law has given ‘affirmation’ to the metropolis as a main actor in public policies in 2014. In Lyon, the Greater Lyon Metropolis was founded upon the absorption of the historical département created in the late 18th century by the growing urban community. Although its geographical perimeter stayed the same, the number of agents doubled as the competences increased widely. Built upon a four-years immersion in this metropolitan administration, this research intends to answer the following question: what is the impact of this rise of the metropolis that locally concentrates means and leverages? How was public action therefore transformed in the field of employment and economic development? The answer relies upon the study of the deployment of the new institution on a period of ten years. The focus is put on the administrative division responsible for the employment policy, which was promoted as the spearhead and the main result of the fusion creating the Greater Lyon Metropolis. Through administrative sociology, we analyse the production of the public policy and its transformation in steering and territorial implementation. The interaction between the metropolis and the State is also investigated, to contribute, with this monography, to the understanding of the impacts of the metropolisation of French public action since the 2010’s
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Badiane, Etienne. "Développement urbain et dynamiques des acteurs locaux : le cas de Kaolack au Sénégal". Phd thesis, Université Toulouse le Mirail - Toulouse II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00114062.
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De 1960 jusqu'à la fin des années 1980, le Sénégal organise son Etat sur un modèle fortement centralisé, avec pour caractéristique une forte dépendance des collectivités locales vis-à-vis du pouvoir central. Face à la crise économique et financière qui apparaît au début des années 80, ce modèle trouve rapidement ses limites. La faillite des pouvoirs centraux et les résultats peu probants des PAS, font apparaître la décentralisation (notamment la municipalisation) comme l'alternative permettant de mieux prendre en charge la dynamique du développement.Dans ce contexte, les villes sénégalaises sont soumises à la nécessité de coopérer avec de nouveaux acteurs pour relever les défis posés par leurs dysfonctionnements.
Ainsi, depuis 1996, la commune de Kaolack a compris que l'enjeu majeur du développement urbain tournait autour de la construction de nouvelles relations de partenariat. La mise en place du Comité de Développement de Kaolack (CODEKA), réunissant tous les acteurs, traduit concrètement la volonté d'impulser des cadres facilitant un développement local participatif. L'observation de la ville de Kaolack illustre les mécanismes qui sont à la base de cette évolution ; ils mettent notamment en lumière le nouveau type de relations qu'entretient le pouvoir politique avec la société civile
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Laamrani, Abdelatif. "L'institution de gouverneur dans l'organisation administrative au Maroc". Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010312.
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L’institution du gouverneur, selon son statut moderne, créée en 1956, a survécu à plusieurs contingences de l’histoire du Maroc moderne : l’instabilité des années 1970, l’ouverture d’une nouvelle ère de lois et règlements administratifs visant la stabilisation du système de gouvernance et la reconnaissance d’une autonomie limitée à travers l’adoption de la décentralisation afin de mitiger les inconvénients de la centralisation excessive tout en instaurant les bases d’une déconcentration administrative. L’objectif de cette thèse est d’étudier les éléments de continuité qui caractérisent l’action des gouverneurs. L’institution du gouverneur au Maroc joue un rôle central dans l’administration du pays ; l’étude de sa genèse, de son statut, de sa condition juridique, de ses droits, de ses obligations, de ses responsabilités et de ses attributions, aussi bien traditionnelles que modernes, représente un intérêt certain. Cette thèse se propose d’être une contribution au débat actuel portant sur la réforme des institutions au MarocThe institution of governor, in its modern status, created in 1956, has survived to so many contingencies in the modern Moroccan history: instability in the 1970s, the setting of a new era of administrative laws stabilizing the governing system, and the recognition of a limited autonomy to territorial collectivities through decentralization process in order to mitigate the centralization inconvenients by adopting “administrative deconcentration”. The objective of this thesis is to study the elements of continuity characterizing the action of governors. This contribution is an attempt to identify them in regard to their status and competencies. The institution of Governor in Morocco plays a central role in the local administration of the country, the study of its genesis, its legal status, rights, obligations, responsibilities, and functions, both traditional and modern has an accurate interest. This thesis is intended as a contribution to the actual debate on institutional reform in Morocco
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Kim, Daebo. "La gestion routière du département de la Haute-Garonne 1790-1796". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01H116.
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Cette thèse porte sur la gestion des routes du département de la Haute-Garonne de 1790 à 1796. Dans ce département né du nouvel ordre territorial et administratif qui s’impose en France en 1790 et formé d’une partie de deux anciennes provinces hétérogènes, la Guyenne et le Languedoc, l’administration locale se voit confier le rôle de maintenir les infrastructures de transport en bon état. Pour ce faire, elle doit faire face aux nombreuses difficultés qui peuvent empêcher localement l’exécution des travaux routiers. Ses compétences à cet égard dépendant étroitement du degré de centralisation de l’administration centrale des ponts et chaussées, composée du ministre de l’Intérieur et du Corps des Ponts et Chaussées. Au cours de la Révolution française, ce jeu de pouvoir entre Paris et le département subit l’influence des contextes national et local, tels que les crises politiques ou la guerre. Le pouvoir local ne peut prendre les mesures qu’il juge nécessaire pour assurer la bonne gestion de son réseau routier que dans les limites de la politique routière imposée par ParisThis thesis is a study of the management of roads in the “département” of Haute-Garonne between 1790 and 1796. This “département” had been created as a part of the new territorial and administrative order in France established in 1790, and it was made from parts of two former different provinces, Guyenne and Languedoc. In Haute-Garonne the local administration was entrusted with the role of maintaining the infrastructures for transport. To this end the “département” had to face various difficulties that could impede the execution of road works in the locality. Its powers in this respect depended closely on the degree of centralization of the national administration of roads and bridges, an administration composed of the Minister of the Interior and the “Corps des Ponts et Chaussées”. During the French Revolution this power relationship between Paris and Haute-Garonne was dictated by a combination of national and local contexts, including political crises and war. The local authorities could take measures they deemed necessary to ensure the proper management of their road networks only when these were within the limits set by the road policy decided on by the national authorities in Paris
Livros sobre o assunto "Local centralisation"
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Bernard, Guesnier, ed. De veloppement local et de centralisation. Paris: Editions Arthropos, 1986.
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W, Phillips A., e LAMSAC. Officer Advisers (Purchasing and Supply) Group., eds. Centralisation of purchasing and the role of consortia. (London): (LAMSAC), 1985.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944.
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Thoral, Marie-Cécile. L'émergence du pouvoir local: Le département de l'Isère face à la centralisation napoléonienne (1800-1837). Rennes: Presses universitaires de Rennes, 2010.
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Wolman, Harold. Understanding recent trends in central-local relations: Centralisation in Great Britain and decentralisation in the United States. Salford: University of Salford, Department of Politics and Contemporary History, 1986.
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Lurks, Marco. De spanning tussen centralisatie en decentralisatie in de ruimtelijke ordening. Zoetermeer: M. Lurks, 2001.
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Norman, Lewis. Inner city regeneration: The demise of regional and local government. Buckingham: Open University Press, 1992.
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Page, Edward. Localism and centralism in Europe: The political and legal bases of local self-government. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1991.
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Local Government in England: Centralisation, Autonomy and Control. Palgrave Macmillan, 2017.
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Copus, Colin, Roberts Mark e Rachel Wall. Local Government in England: Centralisation, Autonomy and Control. Palgrave Macmillan, 2018.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Local centralisation"
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Copus, Colin, Mark Roberts e Rachel Wall. "Fragmentation and Centralisation". In Local Government in England, 57–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-26418-3_3.
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Copus, Colin, Mark Roberts e Rachel Wall. "Centralisation: The Constant Struggle". In Local Government in England, 1–35. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-26418-3_1.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. "Central–local relations and LOCAL-GOVERNMENT reorganisation". In Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England, 128–41. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944-9.
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Thompson, Noel. "Trade Union Government — Centralisation and Local Autonomy". In G. D. H. Cole: Selected Works, 929–54. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203839317-36.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. "Central–local relations". In Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England, 58–71. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944-5.
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Kákai, László. "From Financial Centralisation to Political Centralisation. The Focal Points of the Municipal Reforms from the Transition Until Present Day Hungary". In Contemporary Trends in Local Governance, 67–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52516-3_4.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. "Rethinking local-government finance". In Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England, 92–106. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944-7.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. "The justification for local government". In Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England, 10–25. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944-2.
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Leach, Steve, John Stewart e George Jones. "Politics, parties, and local democracy". In Centralisation, Devolution and the Future of Local Government in England, 107–27. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315407944-8.
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Copus, Colin, Mark Roberts e Rachel Wall. "Mergers and Acquisitions: Narratives, Rhetoric and Reality of Double Centralisation Through Structural Upheaval". In Local Government in England, 85–112. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-26418-3_4.
Texto completo da fonteTrabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Local centralisation"
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Nobbs, Benjamin, Florian Aichinger, Ngoc-Ha Dao e Regis Studer. "Stiff String Casing Design: Tortuosity and Centralisation". In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207935-ms.
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Abstract The forces and stresses along casing strings are modeled using a stiff string torque and drag model. The effect of wellbore tortuosity and centralization are quantified in preplanning phase in addition to the effect of 3D orientated casing wear. A realistic case study is presented to show the resulting effect on axial, burst, collapse and Von Mises equivalent (VME) safety factor as well as VME body and connection design envelopes. While running a tubular downhole, a smooth wellbore is normally assumed when performing a torque and drag calculation. In reality, the inherent tortuosity of the wellbore which is caused by the drilling process can cause significant local doglegs. When applying a soft-string torque and drag model, the stiffness, radial clearance and high frequency surveys needed to fully model local doglegs are rarely modeled. The stiff string torque and drag and buckling model can model these effects, as well as the addition of rigid and flexible centralisers. This study involves the comparison of different casing design load cases, under different centralizer programs and tortuosity taking into account a 3D orientated casing wear. The results show that there can be significant differences in overall axial stress depending on the centraliser program and tortuosity used. The soft string model doesn't directly account for bending stress, normally this is estimated using a Bending Stress Magnification Factor (BSMF). In contract the stiff string model can directly calculate the additional bending stress. This additional stress can be particularly prevalent while RIH casing with centralisers and high tortuosity. The reduction in American Petroleum Institute (API) and VME stress envelope is also quantified using a 3D orientated casing wear model. A better understanding of axial stress state reduces risk of well integrity issues. This paper will show the benefits of using a stiff string model, considering additional contact points, bending stress as well as the benefits of modelling tortuosity and centralizer program early in the design process. During extended reach drilling (ERD) and high-pressure, high temperature (HPHT) wells, this information can be critical when correctly assessing the axial stress state.
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Prina, Daniela N. "From centralisation to local policies: design reform dynamics in Belgium and the creation of Antwerp’s Higher Institute (1830-1914)". In 9th Conference of the International Committee for Design History and Design Studies. São Paulo: Editora Edgard Blücher, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5151/despro-icdhs2014-0080.
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Wu, Tong. "Regional Innovation for Sustainable Development: The Case of Romania and China". In 9th BASIQ International Conference on New Trends in Sustainable Business and Consumption. Editura ASE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/basiq/2023/09/058.
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In response to the crisis of globalisation since the new crown epidemic, the importance of regionalisation at the national development level has become increasingly evident. Using the Pearl River Delta region in China and the Cluj-Napoca region in Romania as research subjects, this paper presents a comparative and interdisciplinary analysis of the drivers of regional innovation for sustainable development, the approaches and impacts of policy formulation and the dimensions of the impact of regional innovation on sustainable development through a literature analysis and case study approach. The study shows that the drivers of regional innovation for sustainable development mainly include government support (including financial and platform support) and the industrial capacity of local innovation and entrepreneurship (including academic capacity and industrialisation capacity); government policy formulation mainly has centralised and decentralised approaches, with centralisation requiring large upfront investment and decentralisation facing challenges in the integration of industry and research; the dimensions of regional innovation for sustainable development The main impact dimensions of regional innovation on sustainable development are industry-research synergy, social welfare, low carbon and environmental protection, and talent training. Through case studies, this paper also makes recommendations for stakeholders on the practical application of regional innovation. The findings and implications of this study are important references for policy makers, practitioners and researchers.
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Nobbs, Benjamin, e Florian Aichinger. "Stiff String Casing Design with 3D Orientated Casing Wear". In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209876-ms.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract The forces and stresses along a casing string are modelled using a stiff string torque and drag model. A post analysis of casing loads and stresses, considering wellbore tortuosity and centralisation is performed in addition to the effect of 3D orientated casing wear. A post analysis case study is presented to show the resulting effect on axial, burst, collapse and VME safety factor as well as VME body and connection design envelopes. While running in hole (RIH) a tubular, the industry standard is to assume a smooth wellbore when performing a torque and drag calculation. The drilling process can cause significant local doglegs and ultimately increase the tortuosity of the wellbore. When applying a soft-string torque and drag model, it is possible that the stiffness, radial clearance, and high frequency surveys are not directly considered. The stiff string torque and drag and buckling model can model these effects, as well as the addition of rigid and flexible centralisers. This study involves the comparison of different casing design load cases, using the actual tortuosity of a drilled wellbore considering a 3D orientated casing wear. The results show that there can be noticeable differences in overall axial stress with the addition of tortuosity. The stiff string model can directly calculate the additional bending stresses experienced by the tubular and this additional stress can be particularly prevalent while RIH casing with centralisers and high tortuosity. The reduction in API and VME stress envelope is also quantified using a 3D orientated casing wear model. A better understanding of axial stress state reduces risk of well integrity issues and can pinpoint areas along the casing in which special care must be taken during well intervention. This paper will show the benefits of using a stiff string torque and drag model during casing design. Highly tortuous wellbores, especially ERD and HPHT wells, may exhibit stresses that are vastly different than assumed during preplanning phase. The design API/VME envelope may also be reduced due to casing wear.
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Nobbs, Benjamin, e Florian Aichinger. "Stiff String Casing Design with 3D Orientated Casing Wear". In SPE Asia Pacific Oil & Gas Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210780-ms.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract The forces and stresses along a casing string are modelled using a stiff string torque and drag model. A post analysis of casing loads and stresses, considering wellbore tortuosity and centralisation is performed in addition to the effect of 3D orientated casing wear. A post analysis case study is presented to show the resulting effect on axial, burst, collapse and VME safety factor as well as VME body and connection design envelopes. While running in hole (RIH) a tubular, the industry standard is to assume a smooth wellbore when performing a torque and drag calculation. The drilling process can cause significant local doglegs and ultimately increase the tortuosity of the wellbore. When applying a soft-string torque and drag model, it is possible that the stiffness, radial clearance, and high frequency surveys are not directly considered. The stiff string torque and drag and buckling model can model these effects, as well as the addition of rigid and flexible centralisers. This study involves the comparison of different casing design load cases, using the actual tortuosity of a drilled wellbore considering a 3D orientated casing wear. The results show that there can be noticeable differences in overall axial stress with the addition of tortuosity. The stiff string model can directly calculate the additional bending stresses experienced by the tubular and this additional stress can be particularly prevalent while RIH casing with centralisers and high tortuosity. The reduction in API and VME stress envelope is also quantified using a 3D orientated casing wear model. A better understanding of axial stress state reduces risk of well integrity issues and can pinpoint areas along the casing in which special care must be taken during well intervention. This paper will show the benefits of using a stiff string torque and drag model during casing design. Highly tortuous wellbores, especially ERD and HPHT wells, may exhibit stresses that are vastly different than assumed during preplanning phase. The design API/VME envelope may also be reduced due to casing wear.