Bibliografias temáticas / Literary treatment

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Literary treatment"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 29 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

Tiroli, Luiz Gustavo, Nathalia Martins Beleze e Adriana Regina De Jesus Santos. "LA LECTURA LITERARIA DESDE LA PERSPECTIVA DE LA TEORÍA HISTÓRICO-CULTURAL". Poiésis - Revista do Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação 17, n.º 32 (24 de dezembro de 2023): 285–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.59306/poiesis.v17e322023285-300.

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The theme of literacy is marked by worldview disputes. In this sense, this research aims to discuss the importance of literary reading in the literacy process, based on the assumptions of the historical-cultural theory. Thus, the following question arises: what are the main implications of literary reading for the literacy process, based on the assumptions of the cultural-historical theory? This is bibliographical research, with qualitative data treatment and a critical-dialectical approach, using the Marxist categories 'content' and 'form'. Although incipient, the results point to the possibility of re-dimensioning the literacy process based on literary reading, from the perspective of historical-cultural theory. An approach that goes beyond the didactic-instrumental perspective, a process focused on the formation of the reader subject.

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CLASSEN, Albrecht. "The Literary Treatment of the Ineffable". Studies in Spirituality 8 (1 de janeiro de 1998): 162–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2143/sis.8.0.2004093.

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Deepak Gothe, Jayshree, e Chandana Virkar. "LITERARY REVIEW OF VIDDHAKARMA IN NETRA ROGA". International Ayurvedic Medical Journal 12, n.º 03 (16 de março de 2024): 649–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.46607/iamj2812032024.

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In Shalakya tantra, among the five sense organs, Siro (head) and Netra (eyes) are the most important. This sense organ acquires utmost importance as this is one of the vital sense perceptions for human beings. While treating Netra Roga (ocular disorders), it is necessary to eliminate all four vitiated doshas for total vyadhi shaman (disease cure). Raktamokshan (blood-letting) is considered one of the essential treatments for vyadhi shaman. In Shalya – Shalakya tantra it is considered as ‘Ardha chikitsa’ (half treatment). Siravyadha Karma (type of blood-letting) is an ideal Chikitsa (treatment) for pain as well as disease management. Acharya Sushruta has also described Viddha karma (bloodletting) as a treatment modality in Netra Roga (eye disorders). An attempt is made here to emphasize Viddha karma as an essential treatment in various Netra roga.

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Rana, Reetika, Parveen Kumar, Chander Shekhar Sharma e Dr Smita Kumari. "A Literary Review of Amavata". International Research Journal of Ayurveda & Yoga 05, n.º 07 (2022): 149–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.47223/irjay.2022.5720.

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Ayurvedais an ancient system of medicine that deals with the prevention as well as treatment of the diseases through natural ways. This science is well known for its role in mentioning the techniques for better lifestyle viz. seasonal regimen, daily regimen and AcharRasayanaetc without causing any side effect.The word Amavatais made up of two words Amaand Vata. Amameans toxins that are formed as an end product of poor digestion which then circulates in the body and gets accumulated in Shleshamsthanai.e., Sandhi Sthana where it shows it’s effects like stiffness, pain and many more. The term ‘Vata’ in the disease Amavataindicates aggravated Vata Doshain the body. Just like air takes clouds from one place to another place, similarly Vata doshatake rest of the Doshai.e. Pittaand Kaphafrom one place to another. Although there is no direct description about the diseases Amavatagiven in the Brihattrayibut the term ‘Amavata’is given in the indications of some formulations. Acharya Yogratnakaraand Acharaya Chakrapanidescribed the treatment of Amavatain which they mentioned the use of Langhana Karma, SwedanaKarma, Tikta, Katuand Deepan drugs, Virechanadrugs and Basti Karma.Allthe above-mentioned treatments have the properties to cure aggravated Vata doshaand Amain the body. The present paper throws a light on the various aspects of Amavata explained in the ancient Ayurvedatexts. Nidana, Samprapti, Lakshnaand all the treatment options mentioned in the Ayurveda Samhitasare highlighted here

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Gazia, Francesco, Francesco Freni, Cosimo Galletti, Bruno Galletti, Rocco Bruno, Cosimo Galletti, Alessandro Meduri e Francesco Galletti. "Pneumoparotid and Pneumoparotitis: A Literary Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, n.º 11 (2 de junho de 2020): 3936. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113936.

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Pneumoparotid is a rare condition of parotid swelling. The presence of the air in gland parenchyma is caused by an incompetent Stensen’s duct with high pressure may cause the acini’s rupture. We reviewed 49 manuscripts, from 1987 to today, that enrolled a total of 54 patients with pneumoparotid. Our review evaluated the following evaluation parameters: gender, age, etiology, clinical presentation, treatment, days of resolution after diagnosis, relapse and complications. The most frequent etiology is self-induction by swelling the cheeks (53.7%). This cause mainly involves children (74%), for conflicts with parents, excuses for not going to school, nervous tics or adults (16%) with psychiatric disorders. Iatrogenic causes are also frequent (16.6%), for dental treatments (55.5%) or use of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) (33.4%). Medical therapy is the most practiced (53.7%), in most cases it is combined with behavioral therapy (25.9%) or psychotherapy (25.9%). Surgery is rarely used (9.2%) as a definitive solution through parotidectomy (50%) or ligation of the duct (50%). The most common complication is subcutaneous emphysema (24.1%), sometimes associated with pneumomediastinum (5.5%). Careful treatment and management are necessary to ensure the resolution of the pathology and counteract the onset of complications.

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Santos, Aline Marques Macedo, Elvira Marques da Luz Dias, José Evandro Santos de Sousa e Rosa Maria Grangeiro Martins. "LITERARY PERSPECTIVES ABOUT TOPICAL IMMUNOMODULATOR TREATMENT IN SKIN CANCER". International Journal of Health Science 2, n.º 26 (30 de maio de 2022): 2–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.22533/at.ed.1592262227055.

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Walker, Jonathan. "Reading Materiality: The Literary Critical Treatment of Physical Texts". Renaissance Drama 41, n.º 1/2 (setembro de 2013): 199–232. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/673904.

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Oushakine, Serguei Alex. "YESTERDAY AND TODAY: ON THE LITERARY TREATMENT OF HISTORY". Children's Readings: Studies in Children's Literature 24 (2023): 9–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/2304-5817-2023-2-24-9-34.

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The introduction to the archival collection “To Revive the Past Through Pedagogy: On History and Historicism in Children’s Literature” starts with a close reading of Yesterday and Today, a picture book for children, which the poet Samuil Marshak and the artist Vladimir Lebedev published in 1925 with the private press Raduga in Leningrad. Relying on clear binary schemes, the book presented temporal distinctions (yesterday/today) as a combination of differential features. Belonging to different time frames was presented not simply as a matter of chronology; also, it was read as a manifestation of cultural differences (old/new), that is, as differences constructed and appropriated through time, and, simultaneously, as a clear expression of historical differences (outdated/progressive), i.e., as differences that were rooted in a specific and therefore irreproducible context. The historical juxtaposition of the world of yesterday and the world of today was conceptualized in Yesterday and Today as a juxtaposition of two different orders of things — the things of the past vs. the things of the present. However, in the finale of the book this early Soviet version of the object-oriented ontology was transformed into something else: everyday objects reemerged as social symptoms. The order of things was re-coded as a metonym of a social order: behind everyday objects of the past and the present, there were “for- mer” and “new” people, lurking. This contrastive multilevel juxtaposition of yesterday and today diffused the linearity of history; the continuity of the material, intellectual, and social progression was subjected to purposeful fragmentation and polarization. And the habitual obviousness of the gap between “yesterday” and “today” was called upon to justify the organic — and therefore natural — essence of such fragmentations and breaks. Yesterday and Today was among the first Soviet books for children to articulate the contrastive method of the early Soviet historicism in a graphic and accessible way. The book’s poetics of historical discontinuities, gaps, and shifts provided an important foundation for the literary treatment of history in the early Soviet period. Moreover, the method of contrastive juxtaposition of the past and the present, of the good and the bad, of the heroic and the cowardly would be quickly turned into a popular narrative formula of Soviet literature for children. By grounding things and people in distinctive temporal settings, this early Soviet version of historicism could successfully organize the multidimensional and heterogenous coexistence of distinctive practices, mentalities, and symbolic frameworks. Incompatible things, styles, and ways of life were placed in their book on their own — separate — pages, as if to emphasize their historically discordant relations. The poetics of historical discontinuities evolved into a politics of historical incompatibility of heterogenous things, styles, and ways of life. By the middle of the 1930s, the poetics of historical discontinuities would be revised and reframed. A desire to juxtapose the past and the present would be replaced by the desire to demonstrate historical continuity. As an organizing model, “yesterday and today” would still be in use but its meaning would dramatically change: “today” would be perceived as a natural continuation of the revolutionary “yesterday.” “Gaps,” “breaks” and “shifts” would be pushed out by “stages” and “steps.” Historical allegories would make historicism ideologically useless and aesthetically irrelevant.

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Chougule, Pragati Y., e Sujata P. Jadhav. "KRUMIROGA: LITERARY REVIEW". International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH 5, n.º 10 (31 de outubro de 2017): 168–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29121/granthaalayah.v5.i10.2017.2293.

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Krumi is an important disease described in ayurvedic science and is described in detail with respect to its etiology, clinical features and treatment. The term krumi is used to denote tiny organisms which reside in human body. Concept of krumi and their relation in the development of disease is described in almost all ayurvedicsamhita. Acharyas also describe krumi as an etiological factor in various diseases. Krumi contribute significantly to global burden of diseases. Overcrowding, contamination of water, poor sanitation greatly favour transmission of parasitic infection resulting in high endemicity. Intestinal worm infestation results in impaired nutrition. Many neglect this condition as most of the times it may be asymptomatic. It maybe associated with malnutrition, iron deficiency anaemia, repeated gastrointestinal disturbances and upper respiratory tract infections.

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Bogolyubov, V. "Treatment with magnesium sulfate for urinary disorders". Kazan medical journal 20, n.º 1 (11 de agosto de 2021): 102–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj76200.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

Wedwick, Linda Crumpler Thomas P. "The socialization of a reader the literary treatment of fatness in adolescent fiction /". Normal, Ill. : Illinois State University, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?index=0&did=1225101201&SrchMode=1&sid=1&Fmt=2&VInst=PROD&VType=PQD&RQT=309&VName=PQD&TS=1176734714&clientId=43838.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--Illinois State University, 2005.
Title from title page screen, viewed on April 16, 2007. Dissertation Committee: Thomas P. Crumpler (chair), R. Kay Moss, Gary Weilbacher, Amelia Adkins, Sally Parry. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 151-168) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Woods, Michael. "Reality vs. Perceptions: The Treatment of Early Modern French Jews in Politics and Literary Culture". VCU Scholars Compass, 2014. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3391.

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Although historians have written extensively on both the early modern era and the development of an absolute monarchy, the history of Jewish communities in France and the role they played has been largely ignored. Beginning with the French Wars of Religion, this study analyzes to what extent France’s religious situation affected the growth of absolutism and how this in turn affected the Jews. Taking advantage of the fractured nature of the early French monarchy, Jews began settling in provinces along the border of both Spain and the Holy Roman Empire. Affected by economic jealousies and cultural perceptions of Jews, the treatment of these communities by local officials led to requests by Jews for royal intervention in these regions. Perceptions of Jews evolved through the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries as the French Enlightenment influenced the way Jewish characters were presented. This study then ties these perceptions of Jews to the political and economic reality of these communities in an attempt to create a unified history of France’s early modern Jewish population.

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Paajanen, Timo. "Scribal treatment of the literary and vernacular proverbs of al-Mustaraf in 15 th-17th century : with reference to diglossic variation /". Helsinki : Finnish Oriental society, 1995. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40006919t.

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Åkerblom, Josefin. "The Fear of Little Men : On the Prehistorical and Historical Treatment of Individuals with Dwarfism". Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1963.

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Den här uppsatsens syfte har varit att kartlägga skillnader i representation av individer med dvärgväxt, från antikens Egypten fram till renässansen. Forskning har gjorts på detta utanför Sverige, men de fyra svenska människorna med dvärgväxt har inte tillfogats och jämförts med det utländska materialet innan denna uppsats. Metoden har varit en litterär jämförelse där andra författare har analyserats. De förhistoriska och historiska litterära verken som dessa författare undersökt har bland annat innefattat egyptiska papyrus, grekisk och romersk lagstiftning och medeltida dokument. Konst från dessa tider har också undersökts. Resultatet av uppsatsen har varit att uppfattningen av dvärgväxt har undergått stor variation genom förhistorien och historien. Ju längre tillbaka vi går desto högre tolerans finner vi. Dvärgar var populära i Egypten på ett sätt som återkommer i medeltidens och renässansens Europa, då hovdvärgar är på modet. Hur det har sett ut i Skandinavien är svårt att säga trots de mänskliga kvarlevorna som påträffats av individer med dvärgväxt. I uppsatsen tas även myter och folklore om dvärgar upp för att måla en djupare förståelsebild av acceptansen i samhället och hur legender kan antingen hjälpa eller stjälpa i sammanhanget.

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Gallagher, Maureen. "Thinking Back through Our Fathers: Woolf Reading Shakespeare in Orlando and a Room of One's Own". unrestricted, 2008. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07112008-152735/.

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Thesis (M.A.)--Georgia State University, 2008.
Title from file title page. Randy Malamud, committee chair; Meg Harper, Paul Schmidt, committee members. Electronic text (61 p.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Oct. 3, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-61).

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Yang, Wei-Yun. "Doris Lessing's use of Sufi teaching stories : a study of the literary treatment of the theme of transformation in some recent novels by Doris Lessing". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.309742.

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Jarc, Jaka. "Rights and obligations : conceptions of social relations viewed through the treatment of possessions in the Biblical poems of Oxford, Bodleian Library MS Junius XI". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/19349.

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My thesis examines social conceptions framing rights and obligations by reviewing how possessions are used and exchanged in the poems of MS Junius XI. I identify several major additions to the scriptural source material of the poetic narrative where the poems present a unique treatment of possessions in a social environment. These poetic additions often feature novel combinations of events and even entirely new sub-stories. In reviewing these departures I focus specifically on possessions and examine how they frame the rights and obligations within social interactions. Focusing on objects of social exchange enables the discussion of the literary narrative to relate to secondary historical literature on possessions as well as social conceptions. This has not yet been done for the poems of Junius XI. This thesis is divided into four thematic chapters ordered from the most tangible to the most abstract: moveable objects, landed possessions, degrees of possession of people, and abstract notions of authority framing social interactions tied to holding and exchanging possessions. In chapter two moveable possessions will be discussed in relation to social status, cultural identity, exchange and hierarchy. The third chapter will examine the interplay between the allegorical and practical notions of land possession. The fourth chapter will discuss social hierarchy framed as a range of rights and obligations discussing to what degree people are themselves treated as possessions. The discussion will examine what types and levels of relative personal freedom is detectable in the Junius XI poems. The final chapter will amalgamate findings and issues of the previous chapters by examining how the exchange and treatment of possessions impact various types of authority which frame social interactions, hierarchies and values.

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Lindblad, Pontus, Emil Rune e David Johansson. "kil-inlägg som behandlingsmetod för gonartros jämfört med neutrala inlägg, en systematisk översikt". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Jönköping University, HHJ. Ortopedteknisk plattform, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49763.

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Bakgrund: Många individer oftast äldre drabbas av gonartros, denna diagnos kan orsaka smärta och nedsatt funktion vilket i sin tur kan leda till begränsningar i det dagliga livet. Detta är en systematisk litteraturöversikt över studier som har undersökt laterala kil-inlägg som behandlingsmetod för att minska smärta och förbättra funktion hos patienter med medial gonartros. Syfte: Att studera om laterala kil-inlägg leder till reducerad smärta och främjad funktion jämfört med neutrala inlägg. Vidare utreds också om resultatet är baserat på olika undergrupper. Metod: En systematisk sökning i databaserna PubMed, MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL och Cochrane Library utfördes för att hitta relevanta studier som sedan inkluderades utifrån förutbestämda kriterier. Data analyserades utifrån dessa artiklar för att besvara frågeställningen i detta arbete. Artiklarnas evidens och validitet/reliabilitet har bedömts. Resultat: Resultaten visar att laterala kilinlägg inte ger reducerad smärta och främjad funktion. Det finns heller inga samband kopplat till undergrupperna som studeras i denna systematiska översikt. Slussats: Det finns i denna rapport blandat med bevis för huruvida laterala kilinlägg reducerar smärta och främjar funktion. Även om ett antal studier påvisar positiva effekter är detta inte tillräckligt för att på ett statistiskt signifikant sätt säga att det hjälper. Det går inte att säga om behandlingen är mer lämpad för någon specifik undergrupp.
Background: Many individuals often the elderly suffering of gonatros, this diagnosis can cause pain and impaired function which in turn can lead to limitations in daily living. This is a systematic review of studies that have investigated lateral wedged insoles as a treatment to reduce pain and improve function in patients with medial gonartros. Aim: To study whether lateral wedge insoles lead to reduced pain and improved function compared with neutral insoles. Furthermore, it is also investigated if the result is based on different sub-groups. Method: A systematic search in the databases PubMed, MEDLINE, AMED, CINAHL and Cochrane Library was performed to find relevant studies which then were included based of predetermined criteria. Data from these articles where analysed to answer our question in this paper. The articles were examined for risk of bias and validity/reliability. Results: The results show that lateral wedge insoles do not reduce pain and improve function. There are also no signs that a certain sub-group would be more suited for the treatment. Conclusion: There is in this paper a contradictory result of whether lateral wedge insoles reduce pain and improve function. Although several studies indicate positive effects it is not enough to prove in a statistically significant way that it helps. It is not possible to say whether the treatment is more suitable for any specific subgroup.

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Jones, S. Hester E. "Some literary treatments of friendship : Katherine Philips to Alexander Pope". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308236.

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McInerney, Valentina, University of Western Sydney e Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences. "Computer anxiety : assessment and treatment". THESIS_FARSS_XXX_McInerney_V.xml, 1997. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/519.

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This thesis represents the results of studies designed to investigate computer anxiety among adult learners. The existence, nature and degree of computer anxiety were investigated with a sample of teacher trainees undertaking an introductory computer training course, and the impact of this course on the anxiety and cognitions of the students were studied. Another study focussed on the evaluation of the measure of computer anxiety used in this study with a view to the design of a new computer anxiety treatment. Results showed that computer anxiety is not necessarily dissipated by completing a computer course, and is correlated with gender, computer ownership and previous computer experience. A number of faculties with different student populations were studied, and computer anxiety was high within each. Interviews with computing course coordinators indicated a range of approaches to instructional design, beliefs about the extent and causes of computer anxiety, and ways of alleviating it. Two approaches derived from these interviews formed the basis of the design of this study, with instructional methods as the treatments and levels of computer anxiety and negative cognitions as the aptitudes. The sample comprised two, with the first group receiving traditional instruction while the second group received direct instruction plus metacognitive strategy training in self-questioning within a cooperative learning context. Achievement was significantly enhanced in the second group, and it was felt that metacognitive training was effective as a means of enhancing achievement and positive cognitions.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

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Livros sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

L, Perrewe Pamela, e Ganster Daniel C, eds. Emotional and physiological processes and positive intervention strategies. Amsterdam: JAI, 2004.

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Kristal, Efraín. The Andes viewed from the city: Literary and political discourse on the Indian in Peru, 1848-1930. New York: P. Lang, 1987.

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C, Paulino Arnold, e Teh Bin S, eds. PET-CT in radiotherapy treatment planning. Philadelphia, PA: Saunders/Elsevier, 2008.

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Hiraldo, Carlos. Segregated miscegenation: On the treatment of racial hybridity in the U.S. and Latin American literary traditions. New York, NY: Routledge, 2003.

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March, Jennifer R. The creative poet: Studies on the treatment of myths in Greek poetry. [London]: University of London, Institute of Classical Studies, 1987.

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M, Berlin Richard, ed. Poets on Prozac: Mental illness, treatment, and the creative process. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 2008.

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Vivian, Virginia. Dyslexia: Literacy strategies for the classroom. 2^a ed. Croydon: Special Educational Needs Support Service, 1999.

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Little, Jean. Animals welcome. New York, NY: Dutton Juvenile, 2012.

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editor, Koppel Martín, e Waters Mary-Alice 1942 editor, eds. Red zone: Cuba and the battle against ebola in West Africa. New York: Pathfinder, 2019.

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Philippa, Attwood, Robinson Karen e Multi-Sensory Learning (Firm), eds. Multi-sensory learning structured literacy programme. Peterborough: Multi-Sensory Learning, 1995.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

Paul, Georgina. "‘Ich, Seherin, gehörte zum Palast’: Christa Wolf’s Literary Treatment of the Stasi in the Context of her Poetics of Self-Analysis". In German Writers and the Politics of Culture, 87–106. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403938756_6.

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"D Literary Treatment of Imprisonment and Slavery". In Freedom, Imprisonment, and Slavery in the Pre-Modern World, 120–73. De Gruyter, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110731798-005.

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Spencer, Danielle. "Treatment". In Metagnosis, 12–57. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197510766.003.0002.

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This chapter describes the narrative medicine methodology of this project, comprising three pillars. First is interdisciplinarity, bridging clinical and scientific research; history of science and medicine; literature and film; literary criticism and theory; and philosophy, among others. The use of rhetoric in such discourses is discussed, as well as the opportunity for meaningful critique in truly transdisciplinary work. Second is narrative attentiveness toward creative and clinical texts, illuminating and critiquing their rhetorical forms and effects. Third is the creation of a challenging writerly text—in this case, in moving between different roles, such as that of diagnostician, patient, critic—and highlighting the author’s own embodied experience, inviting the reader’s active involvement. This orientation shifts the narrative medicine emphasis on the clinician as reader/listener/interpreter to a mutually participatory engagement in which those in the patient role are understood as writerly readers. Finally, the figure of blindsight as a “prescription” for metagnosis is introduced.

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Myers, K. Sara. "Columella and the Poetics of Horticulture". In Ancient Roman Literary Gardens, 195–221. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780197773239.003.0006.

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Abstract Chapter 5 takes as its subject Columella’s dual treatment of horticulture in poetry and prose in his agricultural treatise De Re Rustica. This is the first extant treatment of horticulture in Latin literature, and perhaps the first work to include the garden as part of agriculture. Columella justifies its inclusion on literary and economic grounds, which corresponds to his two horticultural passages, one in verse and one in prose (De Re Rustica 10, 11.3). The practical prose version of horticulture in calendrical order supplements the poem, which instead demonstrates Columella’s literary skill. It is the generic contrast which allows Columella to explore poetic modes of representation in Book 10. Columella characterizes his switch to poetic composition as supplying the omitted treatment of gardening in Vergil’s Georgics, which he left to be dealt with by later writers (G. 4.147–48). Acknowledging the metapoetic role of Vergil’s garden, Columella’s hexameter poem represents its own function as a literary ornament, while demonstrating the greater effectiveness of prose for instruction. The poem presents horticulture on a cosmic and imperializing scale, cramming in literary allusions to a wide array of authors and over seventy varieties of plants, from cabbages to roses.

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De Cock, Miriam. "ORIGEN’S EXEGETICAL TREATMENT OF ROMANS 8:15:". In Exploring the Literary Contexts of Patristic Biblical Exegesis, 58–75. Catholic University of America Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/jj.10518960.10.

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Levy, Michelle. "Script’s Afterlives". In Literary Manuscript Culture in Romantic Britain, 214–58. Edinburgh University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474457064.003.0007.

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Chapter 6 draws the consideration of Romantic literary manuscripts forward to the present moment, examining their shifting cultural status from the late eighteenth century onward, including their preservation and dissemination in print and now in digital form. Significant changes to the treatment and valuation of literary manuscripts began in the late eighteenth century, as they began to be preserved and collected as never before. The attention to contemporary manuscripts arose from a growing scholarly and public interest in ancient scripts and manuscripts, and a new devotion to handwriting and to handwritten manuscripts. The second half of this chapter turns to critical treatments of the period’s manuscripts in its textual scholarship, to ask how the privileging of the textual has impacted our engagements with the period’s literary manuscripts. It investigates the major scholarly critical editions of the last five decades to understand how editorial practice has grappled with the period’s literary manuscripts and the literary culture in which they were embedded. It examines how recent digital editions of the period’s manuscripts have improved our access to and revived our interest in literary manuscripts as bearers of cultural meaning beyond the textual.

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Surprenant, Céline. "Freud and psychoanalysis". In Literary Theory and Criticism, 199–211. Oxford University PressOxford, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199291335.003.0016.

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Abstract Psychoanalytic literary criticism emerges specifically from a therapeutic technique which the Viennese neurologist Sigmund Freud developed for the treatment of hysteria and neurosis at the end of the nineteenth century. A description of the cure, which one of Freud’s patients ingeniously called ‘the talking cure’, gives an idea of the unusual origin of this approach to literature. The therapy evolved from the initial observation that patients were relieved of their neurotic symptoms by recalling the memory of certain events and ideas related to infantile sexuality. During the cure, which consists of an interchange of words between a patient and an analyst, the latter draws the patient’s attention to signs of forgotten or repressed memories which perturb his or her speech. But, for the therapy to work, the patient must obey the fundamental rule: namely, he or she must say everything that comes into his or her mind, ‘even if it is disagreeable, even if it seems unimportant or actually nonsensical’. A first difficulty lies in the fact that I am pressed to tell embarrassing thoughts which I would rather keep quiet about.

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Sánchez-García, Pablo, David Conde-Caballero, Carmen Cipriano-Crespo e Lorenzo Mariano-Juárez. "Outpatient Oxygen Therapy, Illness Experience, and Mental Health". In Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care, 154–79. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-3531-8.ch010.

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This chapter is a literary review based on the experience of patients with ambulatory oxygen therapy treatment that analysed the way in which this treatment influences patients from an occupational point of view. The relationship of these pathologies and treatments with mental health, especially with depression, anxiety, and stress, is also addressed, with an interest in the treatment of possible functional limitations from the intervention of the discipline of occupational therapy. Oxygen therapy allows patients to continue in their performance contexts, although it can generate new limitations and deficiencies derived from episodes of anxiety and mood disorders, causing greater occupational disfunction. A function-dysfunction process that can be approached from occupational therapy with the aim of minimizing the impact both physical and psychological, enhancing the autonomy and independence of these patients.

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Nisbet, Anne-Marie. "The Literary Treatment of Women in the Maghrebian Novel in French". In Muslim Women, 100–110. Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003074519-7.

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Baker, John. "Dr John Arbuthnot’s literary treatment for false learning, pedantry and excess". In Myth and (mis)information. Manchester University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7765/9781526166845.00007.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

Silva, Letícia Freitas de Castro, Elisa Pinheiro Weber, Gleice Silva Toledo e Josiane Fonseca Almeida. "New pharmacological strategies for the treatment of alzheimer’s disease". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.097.

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Introduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is seen as the most important dementia, prevalent in the elderly over 60 years old. There is still no cure, and the pharmacological strategies are to delay the symptoms and development of the pathology. The pathophysiological mechanisms are: hyperphosphorylation of the tau protein and aggregation of amyloid-β. Update studies of the tested therapies target the main pathological mechanisms: accumulation of β amyloid (inhibitors and modulators of β-secretase and γ-secretase and active and passive anti-Aβ immunotherapies), tau protein (inhibition of abnormal hyperphosphorylation with GSK-3 inhibitors, passive and active immunotherapies and the use of intrathecal antisense oligonucleotides (ASOs) and correction of the ApoE protein (increase lipidation, correct structure, clearance of non-lipid ApoE and reduction of ApoE expression). Objectives and methodology: To develop a bibliographic review in order to address new drugs in the treatment of Alzheimer’s. Qualitative and descriptive study carried out by literary review with research on PubMed. Results: Several drugs have been tested in clinical trials, however, due to lack of effectiveness, none have been approved. Therefore, it’s important to understand the limitations of the tests developed as flaws in the methodology, insufficient understanding of the mechanisms involved and inclusion of patients in different stages of AD, so that future investigations can overcome these gaps. Conclusion: It’s important to investigate new pathophysiological mechanisms, as well as the factors that trigger AD. Diagnosis is essential, with further studies to identify new biomarkers of the disease that will also have an impact on the conduct of clinical trials.

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Jayasinghe, Manouri K. "The Factors which Potentially Led to Victorian Duplexity in R.L.Stevenson’s ‘The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde’ and Oscar Wilde’s ‘The Importance of Being Earnest’". In SLIIT INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCEMENTS IN SCIENCES AND HUMANITIES [SICASH]. Faculty of Humanities and Sciences, SLIIT, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54389/obxf6291.

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The treatment of the theme of duality, a distinctive feature of the Victorian period of literature and the possible reasons for it emerging at that time, are studied in this paper using R.L.Stevenson’s The Strange Case of Dr Jekyll and Mr Hyde and Oscar Wilde’s play The Importance of Being Earnest. The concept of duality derives from the Latin word duo, meaning two. It applies quite often to two elements, one different from the other and in opposition to each other. This theory being applied to men of the Victorian period, it unmasks the dual face of their behaviour demonstrated in the works concerned. One wonders whether this duality could have largely originated from their desire for escapism from societal norms or moral hypocrisy: a psychological phenomenon. To respond to these questions, an understanding of the Victorian period and also the story lines of the literary works are essential. The qualitative research approach used in the study enables a brief narrative analysis of the works which enlightens us on the plot and the characters. The issue as to whether Victorian societal duality results from the constraints brought about by the moral standards of society or the rapid changes sweeping across the population during that time is discussed here. Keywords: Victorian Literary period, Duality, Escapism, Moral hypocrisy

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Londero, Emily Calmon, e Ana Beatriz Cazé Cerón. "Effectiveness of Music Therapy for the Treatment of Movement Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.705.

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Introduction: Body movement is synchronized by external rhythmic stimuli in conjunction with physiological control, based on an internal timing process. In this perspective, music therapy can be a potential therapeutic tool for the treatment of individuals with movement disorders as it bypasses an internal rhythm motor deficit. Objective: To evaluate the benefit of music therapy in the treatment of movement disorders in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Methods: This study is a literary review, which used the PubMed platform, in April 2021, with the formula: (MOVEMENT DISORDERS) AND (MUSIC THERAPY). As search criteria, articles were selected from meta-analyzes, reviews and randomized clinical trials, published in the last 10 years, in English and studies carried out in humans. Results: 21 articles were found, 6 articles were selected according to the eligibility criteria. Most studies show an improvement in movement disorders when rhythmic musical stimuli are associated with motor interventions, such as the use of treadmills. A randomized clinical trial with 50 patients with idiopathic PD was divided into two groups, one with a treadmill and with rhythmic auditory stimuli and another with a treadmill and without auditory stimuli. Among the outcomes analyzed, the improvement in movement speed was the most beneficial aspect, with an improvement in quality of life and cognitive functions. Conclusion: It is evident that the use of music therapy in the treatment of movement disorders in patients with PD improves motor symptoms. However, the studies have a small sample size and differ in terms of the method of music therapy, the period of intervention and the scales used to assess improvement. Therefore, it is important that randomized, multicenter clinical trials with a larger sample size are carried out to prove the benefits of music therapy in a patient with Parkinson’s disease.

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Cleto, Isabela Virgílio, Guilherme Silva Guimarães, Leticia Poloni dos Santos, Carolina Miguel Nôga e Leticia Moraes Aquino. "Health education in physiotherapy for spinocerebelar ataxia". In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.546.

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Introduction: Ataxia is a symptom of several degenerative medical conditions; the most common in Brazil being Spinocerebelar ataxia (SCA). These patients have difficulty performing fine coordination motors activities, altered body balance and gait. The treatment is based on multidisciplinar rehabilitation, to improve quality of life and mantain general health. Health education (HE) can benefit these patients, but there are few reports about it, especially in SCA patients. Objectives: To search the literature for evidence of the use of HE in phyisiotherapy for SCA patients in Brazil. Design and settings: Study carried out at Centro Universitario São Camilo. Methodology: Literature review in the databases: Scielo, UNIFESP and LILACS, Key words: “SCA”, ”rehabilitation”, “HE” and “physiotherapy”, in Portuguese, English or Spanish . Results: 27 articles were found, of which 16 were eligible. Studies demonstrates the need for more evidence for HE to be part of the physiotherapist’s routine, encouraging the participation and autonomy of the patient and family in the rehabilitation process. It is possible to develop educational materials that complement the health guidelines for these patients. Conclusion: There is a literary gap about the direct role of the physiotherapist as a HE agent, with responsibilities beyond rehabilitation; within the scope of prevention, health promotion and self-management of the patient and family.

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Boda, Z., G. Pfliegler, I. Tornai, M. Udvardy, J. Hársfalvi e K. Rak. "LONG-TERM COUMAROL PLUS SMALL DOSE ASA THERAPY IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTHETIC HEART VALVE. SOME QUESTIONS OF LABORATORY CONTROL". In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1643268.

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Thromboembolism in patients with prosthetic heart valves remains a major time-related problem (Sullivan 1971, Dale 1976, Chesebro 1983). Patients receiving anticoagulant plus antiplatelet agent have the lowest incidence of thromboembolism but the risk of bleeding is not negligible. The laboratory control of combined therapy is unsolved.This study considers the thromboembolic prophylaxis of 38 patients with prosthetic heart valve. Cou-marol treatment was combined with ASA (1 000 mg/week, 36 months follow up).Prothrombin ratio was used in control of the oral anticoagulant therapy. Malondialdehyde production was measured parallel with the so-called malondialdehyde-ratio (MDA-ratio = malondialdehyde level of patient/ control plasma). MDA-ratio, platelet aggregation, thromboxane and prostacycline metabolites were studied 48 hours after 500 mg ASA intake. The average of MDA-ratio was 0.42 ± 0.23 (from 137 measurements). The therapeutic range of MDA-ratio is 0.7 - 0.2. Value below 0.2 means overdosed, over 0.7 means an ineffective ASA therapy. Normal first and second phase platelet aggregation was observed in 23 % of cases when MDA-ratio was below 0.5. Only in 4 % of patients with MDA-ratio over 0.7 was found an abnormal platelet aggregation. The mean prothrombin ratio was 1.59 ± 0.22.No gastrointestinal bleeding or thromboembolism was observed during the 36 months follow up. Contrary to the literary data (Chesebro 1983) coumarol plus small dose ASA did not result excessive bleeding and can be suggested for patients with prosthetic heart valve. Examination of both the prothrombin and the malondialdehyde ratio with study of platelet aggregation is recommended as laboratory control.

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Vieira, Marcella Beghini Mendes, e Marcus Vinícius Magno Gonçalves. "Is it possible that the metamorphosis suffered by Gregor Samsa could have been a neurological syndrome known to Guillain Barre?" In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.446.

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In 1912, Franz Kafka gives life to the character Gregor Samsa, who undergoes a metamorphosis capable of transforming him into an insect. The metaphors used in the literature are widely applied as a way of rewriting a story in an attractive, creative and curious way, in this article, however, the possibility is raised that this narrative mentions a recurrent neurological pathology know as Guillain Barre Syndrome (GBS). The patology is characterized by an ascending, symmetrical polyradiculoneuropathy, which is often associated with viral prodromes or post-vaccination periods. In classic GBS, motor symptoms may be accompanied by associated sensory symptoms. During the text, it is possible to notice when Gregor says that “the lower part of his body was, perhaps at that moment, the most sensitive of all”. One of the complications of GBS is characterized by weakness of the oropharyngeal and cervical muscles leading to hypophonic dysarthria as possibly mentioned in the book “an irrepressible and painful wheezing” and as the condition progress the realization that “certainly, they no longer understood their words”. One of the most severe symptoms of Guillain Barré syndrome is the involvement of the ventilatory muscles. We correlated this possibility with the following text: “the shortness of breath was already beginning to manifest itself, since, even in the old days, I did not have a completely reliable lung”. Diagnosis and correct treatment are essential to ensure lower morbidity and mortality in patients. The exposition of technical-scientific arguments associated with citations from the book as the basis of a literary clinical reasoning.

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Costa, Mateus Magalhães Soares da, João Pedro de Sá Pereira e Laura Victória Miranda Silveira. "History of neurology in São Paulo at the first half of the 20th century: a systematic review". In XIV Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.141s1.611.

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Neurology in São Paulo was initiated at the beginning of the XX century, with the creation of the Paulista School of Medicine. This article aims to analyze the emergence of Neurology in the state of São Paulo and the influences it received. To this end, we conducted a systematic search in an electronic database, Scielo. In this context, in the 20th century, neurology studied in São Paulo was greatly influenced by the science practiced in France, since in 1882 the specialty was initiated at the University of Paris. Discussions about the diseases in this area were discussed at the Santa Casa de Misericórdia in São Paulo. Another important place for the development of neurology in São Paulo was the creation of the neuropathology and cerebrospinal fluid laboratory, in 1924, at the Hospital de Juqueri. In the 1920s, the teaching of clinical neurology was created at the Faculty of Medicine by Enjolras Vampré, known as the father of neurology in São Paulo. In the 1930s, there were major changes in the areas of brain pathology, diagnosis of diseases that affect the central nervous system, and therapy. All of this was used at Hospital de Juqueri and Faculdade Paulista de Medicina. Among the prominent methods used were pneumoencephalography, cerebral arteriography, and cerebral leucotomy. Some literary works were fundamental for the dissemination of knowledge of Neurology in the society of São Paulo, namely “Memories of the Hospital of Juqueri” from 1924 and “Archives of Assistance to Psychopaths” from 1936. Neurology underwent a major evolution at the end of the first half of the twentieth century, however, it became expensive and inaccessible to a large part of the population, especially at a time before the creation of the Unified Health System, making the poorest marginalized concerning the treatment of neurological diseases that affected the society of São Paulo at the time.

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Kravale, Dace, Anita Helviga e Diāna Laiveniece. "Understanding the Concept of Health Literacy in the Educational Environment: A Pilot Study". In 80th International Scientific Conference of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/htqe.2022.47.

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Health literacy is a widely known and researched subject in health care system defined as the relationships between an individual’s level of education and his/her ability to maintain healthiness, improve health or participate in health treatment. However, there is a lack of information about the role of health literacy in school environment. This study reports on the topical status of understanding of health literacy concept among teachers and parents in the educational system of Latvia. Qualitative descriptive research was conducted in order to: a) analyse health literacy concept in theory and education documents; b) explore teachers’ and parents’ health literacy perception through focus groups interviews. A group of respondents included six adults representing teachers and parents from two schools. A thematic analysis method was applied to investigate participants’ perception of health literacy, representing four dimensions of the concept’s explanation: health and health education, Covid-19 pandemics, school/parent collaboration, and uncertain terminology aspects. The results showed various interpretations of health literacy terminology in educational documents, caused by insufficiently explained sub-terms – school, teacher and parent health literacy. This finding was confirmed by the results of the focus group interviews. That leads to a conclusion that the concept of health literacy requires a more efficient explanation by developing a comprehensible health literacy terminology in the educational setting.

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Sherwin, Peter. "Next Gen Technology—Wearables and Predictive Maintenance in Heat Treatment". In HT 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.ht2015p0262.

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Abstract Sustainable Heat Treatment requires getting the most from all the available assets in a Heat Treat operation. If run to breaking point, burn-out literally can occur in people and equipment. Making smarter choices by utilizing emerging Wearable technology and Next gen maintenance technology can help avoid this catastrophic situation and produce optimized returns through creating more productive people and equipment.

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Huilcapi-Collantes, Catalina, Azucena Hernández Martín e Juan Pablo Hernández-Ramos. "The Effect of a Blended Learning Course of Visual Literacy for In-service Teachers". In InSITE 2022: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences. Informing Science Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4978.

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Aim/Purpose The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a 20-hour blended learning visual literacy course applied to in-service teachers. For this purpose, we designed the course to train the educators and the instrument to measure the level of visual literacy of participants before and after the intervention. Then, we found the differences. Background Visual literacy is essential for improving visual communication skills on in-service teachers because they use and construct visual material permanently. Hence, they need to be trained for developing visual literacy taking into account their pace of life and specific needs. Methodology We employed a quasi-experimental one-group pretest-posttest design. The area of study is Social Science, specifically Education. The population was in-service teachers who work in private schools in the north zone of Quito, Ecuador. The convenience sampling method was used to conduct this pilot study of 51 teachers at one private school. The visual literacy course was designed based on the ACRL Visual Literacy Competency Standards. The differences in the level of visual literacy were measured through a visual literacy test of 45 items made for this specific purpose. Differences between pretest and posttest were found after performing paired samples t-test on collected data. Contribution This research contributes to visual literacy research focused on in-service teacher’s instruction. This practical study was based on a complete proposal for training and evaluated the visual literacy level of in-service teachers. Findings Findings show that there are statistically significant differences in pretest and posttest scores, so teachers improved their level of visual literacy after the 20-hour blended learning visual literacy course. Recommendations for Practitioners Practitioners should adapt the length of the training course to the teachers’ schedules. They should review the course themes and the items in the visual literacy test to know about the specific content to be taught along the course. Recommendation for Researchers Researchers who want to replicate a similar study should have a bigger group of participants and, if possible, they should have a control group. Impact on Society This study indicates that teachers could improve their level of visual literacy after attending a well-structured training course. Thus, it is crucial to offer in-service teachers the opportunity to improve their visual communication skills through a concrete learning process adapted to their schedules and life. Future Research Future research should focus on evaluating before and after the treatment, through practical projects, the previous and acquired knowledge of in-service teachers.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Literary treatment"

FEDOTKINA, S. A., O. V. MUZALEVA e E. V. KHUGAEVA. RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE USE OF TELEMEDICINE TECHNOLOGIES FOR THE PREVENTION, DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF HYPERTENSION. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/978-0-615-67320-2-4-22.

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Introduction. The economic losses associated with disability due to diseases of the circulatory system, as well as the costs of providing medical care to patients suffering from heart and vascular diseases, are increasing annually. The state preventive measures currently being carried out are of a delayed nature. The results of the medical examination of the population of the Russian Federation in recent years (2015-2019) indicate that the incidence of cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension, is at a fairly high level. In the middle of the last century, the Concept of risk factors for the development of chronic non-communicable diseases were formulated, in the structure of which cardiovascular diseases, including arterial hypertension, occupies one of the primary positions. The concept is based on the results of promising epidemiological studies, and, at present, is a methodological basis for planning and organizing primary prevention of cardiovascular diseases. The purpose of the study. Based on the analysis of literary sources (including foreign ones) containing experience in the use of telemedicine technologies, to assess their significance for the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of hypertension, as well as forecasting improvements in the quality of medical care when adapting to the use of clinical recommendations. Materials and methods. The article provides an analytical review of the use of modern telemedicine technologies in the prevention of hypertension. The results of the study and their discussion. The analysis of literary sources has shown that in the context of the progress of information and telecommunication technologies in the healthcare system, a fundamentally new direction has appeared in the organization and provision of medical care to the population - telemedicine, which will ensure the modern level of prevention, detection and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases, and also determines positive medical, social and economic performance indicators. To date, updates in the legislative framework of the Russian Federation are aimed at ensuring that medical care with the use of telemedicine technologies is more widespread, taking into account the standards of medical care and clinical recommendations. Conclusion. Based on a review of literature sources, it has been established that the modern solution to the problem of improving the quality of medical care for patients, including those with hypertension, diseases is medical care using telemedicine technologies that prove their medical, social and economic effectiveness.

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Frisancho, Verónica, Alejandro Herrera e Silvia Prina. Can a Budget Recording Tool Teach Financial Skills to Youth?: Experimental Evidence from a Financial Diaries Study. Inter-American Development Bank, outubro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003691.

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We study the impact of a mobile app to record daily financial transactions, coupled with enumerator monitoring visits every two weeks, on youths' investment in financial literacy and financial behavior. The treatment led to a positive and statistically significant effect on financial literacy scores and greater awareness of market prices. Youth in the treatment group experienced significant improvements in access to credit. These effects persist eight months after the intervention is over.

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Thorn, Beverly, Deborah Tucker, Toya Burton, Lisa Campbell e John Burns. Reducing Disparities with Literacy-adapted Psychosocial Treatments for Chronic Pain:A Comparative Trial. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), agosto de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/5.2019.cer.941.

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Hospido, Laura, Nagore Iriberri e Margarita Machelett. Gender gaps in financial literacy: a multi-arm RCT to break the response bias in surveys. Madrid: Banco de España, janeiro de 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53479/35752.

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Gender gaps in ?nancial literacy are pervasive and persistent. While most studies explore why women know less, these gaps might also re?ect differential behavior in providing responses in surveys. Women might be more likely to be uncertain, or men might be more likely to choose an answer when uncertain, while women might tend to opt for “I do not know”, leading to imprecise measures of the gender gap in ?nancial literacy. We test for the effectiveness of three interventions to reduce the frequency of “I do not know”, in a randomized control trial online survey administered to 6,000 participants. The standard survey, our control group, includes the possibility of answering “I do not know”. The three treatment arms exclude the “I do not know” answer, offer incentives for correct answers or inform survey takers of the existing gender gap in choosing “I do not know”. All interventions are very effective in reducing the frequency of “I do not know”. The information is most effective for women, while the incentives are most effective for men. As regards gender gaps, only the provision of information significantly reduces the gender gap in choosing “I do not know”, as well as the gender gap in ?nancial literacy.

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Quak, Evert-jan. Lessons Learned from Community-based Management of Acute Malnutrition (CMAM) Programmes that Operate in Fragile or Conflict Affected Settings. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), setembro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.133.

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This rapid review synthesises the literature on how community-based management of acute malnutrition (CMAM) programmes could be adapted in settings of conflict and fragility. It identifies multiple factors affecting the quality and effectiveness of CMAM services including the health system, community engagement and linkages with other programmes, including education, sanitation, and early childhood development. Family MUAC (Mid-Upper Arm Circumference) is a useful tool to increase community participation and detect early cases of moderate acute malnutrition (MAM) and severe acute malnutrition (SAM) more effectively and less likely to require inpatient care. The literature does not say a lot about m-Health solutions (using mobile devises and applications) in data collection and surveillance systems. Many of the above-mentioned issues are relevant for CMAM programmes in settings of non-emergency, emergency, conflict and fragility. However, there are special circumstance in conflict and fragile settings that need adaptation and simplification of the standard protocols. Because of a broken or partly broken health system in settings of conflict and fragility, local governments are not able to fund access to adequate inpatient and outpatient treatment centres. NGOs and humanitarian agencies are often able to set up stand-alone outpatient therapeutic programmes or mobile centres in the most affected regions. The training of community health volunteers (CHVs) is important and implementing Family MUAC. Importantly, research shows that: Low literacy of CHVs is not a problem to achieve good nutritional outcomes as long as protocols are simplified. Combined/simplified protocols are not inferior to standard protocols. However, due to complexities and low funding, treatment is focused on SAM and availability for children with MAM is far less prioritised, until they deteriorate to SAM. There is widespread confusion about combined/simplified protocol terminology and content, because there is no coherence at the global level.

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Barrera-Osorio, Felipe, Samuel Berlinski e Matías Busso. Effective Evidence-Informed Policy: A Partnership among Government, Implementers, and Researchers. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), dezembro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-ri_2021/035.

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Evidence matters for the effectiveness of public policies,but important informational frictions—that is, resistanceto obtaining or using information on the subject at hand—sometimes prevent it from shaping policy decisions.Hjort et al. (2021) showed that reducing those frictionscan change not only political leaders’ beliefs but alsothe policies they implement. One-way information, fromresearch to policy, may sometimes be insufficient, though.Policymakers may be agnostic about the effectiveness ofan intervention, or they may not know which of its featuresrequire adjustment. A process of policy experimentationmay be needed (Duflo 2017), in which policies arerigorously evaluated at a small scale, the findings of those evaluations inform the policy design, and a new evaluation determines the effectiveness of a fine-tuned version of the intervention, with the assessment continuing until the program is ready to be scaled up. This process requires very close collaboration among government, implementers, and researchers. The means by which evidence is produced is also important. A frequent criticism of researcher-designed interventions is that results may not be relevant. One reason is that pilot programme’s participants or circumstances may be atypical, with the result that the experimental treatment, even if implemented with fidelity, may not achieve similar outcomes in other settings (Al Ubaydli et al. 2017; Vivalt 2017). A second reason is that governments may lack the capability to implement with fidelity interventions tested in randomized control trials. A partnership between policymakers and researchers can help attenuate these concerns. A recent experience in Colombia provides a good example of such a partnership at work. “Let’s All Learn to Read” is an ambitious programme to improve literacy skills among elementary schoolchildren (Grades K–5). Spearheaded by the Luker Foundation, a local nongovernmental organisation, in collaboration with the Secretary of Education of Manizales (Colombia), the programme began with a systematic data collection effort in the municipality’s public primary schools to understand why students were failing to acquire the most basic academic skills. This led to several interventions over many years during which multidisciplinary teams of researchers working in close collaboration with local stakeholders and policymakers designed and evaluated different features of the programme.

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