Artigos de revistas: "Life on other planets – drama"

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Trzcionka, Joanna. "„Monologami są rozmowy” . Liryczność w Pierścieniu Wielkiej Damy Cypriana Norwida". Colloquia Litteraria 7, n.º 2 (20 de novembro de 2016): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.21697/cl.2009.2.01.

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“Dialogues are Monologues”. Lyricism in Cyprian Norwid’s The Ring of a Great Lady The article attempts to show how lyricism as an essential component of Cyprian Norwid’s The Ring of a Great Lady affects the artistic shape of the work. This issue is shown by the observation of selected structural elements of the drama, such as time, space and the construction of the main character. In the work the space of the drama and time of the action have been used as metaphors and moved into the sphere of the protagonists’ spiritual experiences. Both time and space planes undergo subjectivism which is the result of lyricism that pervades Norwid’s work. A window – the element of the theatre building plays a prominent role in shaping time and space of the drama. It is a point that links the outside world to a close space of the play which becomes simultaneously extended. The point performs the function of the prism through which this world penetrates the author’s life. In poetical expressions the window also becomes a place of the protagonists’ overcoming time-space limitations. The protagonists’ lyrical monologues, above all Mak-Yks’s monologues, show the evolution of the man’s personality. This character is externally passive, inactive though he exudes the unparalleled inner energy. The lyricism contained in dialogues and monologues, the shaping of a poetic language, its continual tension between expressing his personal experiences and a parallel general reflection initiate a multidimensional, symbolic significance of the drama. The analysis of lyrical fragments also shows that Mak-Yks, likewise Norwid’s other protagonists share a distinctive feature with the author, and the conclusions lead us to reflect that The Ring of a Great Lady is a lyrical drama.

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Skubnevsky, V. A. "Everyday Life of Barnaul during the Great Patriotic War". Bulletin of Irkutsk State University. Series History 44 (2023): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.26516/2222-9124.2023.44.43.

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The article’s purpose is to analyze the everyday life of the administrative center of the Altai Territory Barnaul during the Great Patriotic War. The question is not yet explored in the literature. The city became one of the major centers for the location of evacuated industrial enterprises from Leningrad, Stalingrad, Kharkov, Lugansk and other cities of the European part of the USSR, as well as hospitals, cultural and educational institutions. On the arrived equipment basis, defense plants as Transmash, Machine-tool, Boiler, Mechanical presses and others were built and put into operation in a short time. The issues of the local authorities’ activities for the placement of new enterprises and institutions in the city, the solution of the housing problem, the formation of workers and employees collectives are considered. It is shown that the personnel were formed not only from the evacuated, but also the local urban and rural population. The changes in the higher and secondary special education spheres which were caused by the placement of evacuated educational institutions are concidered. Important changes have taken place in the culture, because of the location of two evacuated theaters (Moscow Chamber Theater and Dnepropetrovsk Drama Theater) and circus in Barnaul. Attention is drawn to the work of parks and cinemas in wartime conditions. Attention is drawn to the functioning of parks and cinemas in wartime conditions. The situation with the food supply of citizens and the role of subsistence farms is analyzed. The article uses archival and published sources, including ones of private origin. The author concluded that during the war years the city turned into a significant industrial, educational and cultural center of the south of Western Siberia.

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Angel, J. Roger P., e Neville J. Woolf. "Searching for Life on Other Planets". Scientific American 274, n.º 4 (abril de 1996): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/scientificamerican0496-60.

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Stern, Steve J. "Paradigms of Conquest: History, Historiography, and Politics". Journal of Latin American Studies 24, S1 (março de 1992): 1–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022216x00023750.

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The Quandary of 1492The year 1492 evokes a powerful symbolism.1The symbolism is most charged, of course, among peoples whose historical memory connects them directly to the forces unleashed in 1492. For indigenous Americans, Latin Americans, minorities of Latino or Hispanic descent, and Spaniards and Portuguese, the sense of connection is strong. The year 1492 symbolises a momentous turn in historical destiny: for Amerindians, the ruinous switch from independent to colonised history; for Iberians, the launching of a formative historical chapter of imperial fame and controversy; for Latin Americans and the Latino diaspora, the painful birth of distinctive cultures out of power-laden encounters among Iberian Europeans, indigenous Americans, Africans, and the diverse offspring who both maintained and blurred the main racial categories.But the symbolism extends beyond the Americas, and beyond the descendants of those most directly affected. The arrival of Columbus in America symbolises a historical reconfiguration of world magnitude. The fusion of native American and European histories into one history marked the beginning of the end of isolated stagings of human drama. Continental and subcontinental parameters of human action and struggle, accomplishment and failure, would expand into a world stage of power and witness. The expansion of scale revolutionised cultural and ecological geography. After 1492, the ethnography of the humanoid other proved an even more central fact of life, and the migrations of microbes, plants and animals, and cultural inventions would transform the history of disease, food consumption, land use, and production techniques.2In addition, the year 1492 symbolises the beginnings of the unique world ascendance of European civilisation.

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Jakosky, Bruce, e Andrew H. Knoll. "The Search for Life on Other Planets". Physics Today 53, n.º 4 (abril de 2000): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.2405460.

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Anonymous. "The Search for Life on Other Planets". Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union 80, n.º 21 (1999): 239. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/eo080i021p00239-01.

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Beichman, Ch. "The Search for Other Planets and Life". EAS Publications Series 41 (2010): 3–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/eas/1041001.

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Snellen, Ignas. "Planets orbiting other stars: the search for extraterrestrial life". Europhysics News 51, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2020): 23–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epn/2020102.

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Since the Nobel-prize-winning discovery of a planet orbiting a sun-like star, the field of extrasolar planets is undergoing a true revolution. Thousands of planets have been found, of which some may be like Earth. Could there be biological activity on any of these, and how do we find out?

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Wackett, Lawrence P. "Microbial life on early earth (and other planets?)". Environmental Microbiology Reports 3, n.º 6 (14 de novembro de 2011): 807–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1758-2229.2011.00307.x.

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Wandel, Amri. "Bio-habitability and life on planets of M-G-type stars". Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 14, S345 (agosto de 2018): 189–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319001984.

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AbstractThe recent detection of Earth-sized planets in the habitable zone of Proxima Centauri, Trappist-1, and many other nearby M-type stars (which consist some 75% of the stars) has led to speculations, whether liquid water and life actually exist on these planets. Defining the bio-habitable zone, where liquid water and complex organic molecules can survive on at least part of the planetary surface, we suggest that planets orbiting M-type stars may have life-supporting conditions for a wide range of atmospheric properties (Wandel2018). We extend this analysis to synchronously orbiting planets of K- and G-type stars and discuss the implications for the evolution and sustaining of life on planets of M- to G-type stars, in analogy to Earth.

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Lunine, J. I. "In search of planets and life around other stars". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 96, n.º 10 (11 de maio de 1999): 5353–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.96.10.5353.

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Gross, Michael. "The search for life on Earth and other planets". Current Biology 22, n.º 7 (abril de 2012): R207—R211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.03.040.

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Claudi, Riccardo, e Eleonora Alei. "Biosignatures Search in Habitable Planets". Galaxies 7, n.º 4 (29 de setembro de 2019): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/galaxies7040082.

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The search for life has had a new enthusiastic restart in the last two decades thanks to the large number of new worlds discovered. The about 4100 exoplanets found so far, show a large diversity of planets, from hot giants to rocky planets orbiting small and cold stars. Most of them are very different from those of the Solar System and one of the striking case is that of the super-Earths, rocky planets with masses ranging between 1 and 10 M ⊕ with dimensions up to twice those of Earth. In the right environment, these planets could be the cradle of alien life that could modify the chemical composition of their atmospheres. So, the search for life signatures requires as the first step the knowledge of planet atmospheres, the main objective of future exoplanetary space explorations. Indeed, the quest for the determination of the chemical composition of those planetary atmospheres rises also more general interest than that given by the mere directory of the atmospheric compounds. It opens out to the more general speculation on what such detection might tell us about the presence of life on those planets. As, for now, we have only one example of life in the universe, we are bound to study terrestrial organisms to assess possibilities of life on other planets and guide our search for possible extinct or extant life on other planetary bodies. In this review, we try to answer the three questions that also in this special search, mark the beginning of every research: what? where? how?

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Schulze-Makuch, Dirk, e Alberto G. Fairén. "Evaluating the Microbial Habitability of Rogue Planets and Proposing Speculative Scenarios on How They Might Act as Vectors for Panspermia". Life 11, n.º 8 (14 de agosto de 2021): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11080833.

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There are two types of rogue planets, sub-brown dwarfs and “rocky” rogue planets. Sub-brown dwarfs are unlikely to be habitable or even host life, but rocky rogue planets may have a liquid ocean under a thick atmosphere or an ice layer. If they are overlain by an insulating ice layer, they are also referred to as Steppenwolf planets. However, given the poor detectability of rocky rogue planets, there is still no direct evidence of the presence of water or ice on them. Here we discuss the possibility that these types of rogue planets could harbor unicellular organisms, conceivably based on a variety of different energy sources, including chemical, osmotic, thermal, and luminous energy. Further, given the theoretically predicted high number of rogue planets in the galaxy, we speculate that rogue planets could serve as a source for galactic panspermia, transferring life to other planetary systems.

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McGregor, Debra, Sarah Frodsham e Clarysly Deller. "Participatory Inquiries That Promote Consideration of Socio-Scientific Issues Related to Sustainability within Three Different Contexts: Agriculture, Botany and Palaeontology". Sustainability 15, n.º 8 (19 de abril de 2023): 6895. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15086895.

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The involvement of students in dramatised inquiries, through participatory activity, offers opportunities to act in-role as scientists. The inquiries can ‘set-the-scene’, provide context and challenges for students to consider possibilities within and beyond everyday life. This approach can engage students in thinking about sustainability and developing citizenship competencies, such as thinking scientifically and critiquing ideas, interrogating evidence and assessing the validity of information, as well as decision making and problem solving. In this paper, adopting stories from the history of science is shown to provide rich, authentic contexts that engage students imaginatively and collaboratively in addressing past, present and future socio-scientific issues. To demonstrate how the approach can be adapted we drew on the work of three scientists: an agriculturalist; a botanist and a palaeontologist. Their scientific work informed the learning activities of several primary science lessons (with students aged 9–10). The agricultural activities were informed by the work of George Washington Carver and were related to improving soil quality through crop rotation as well as thinking about the diversity of food and other products that can be produced from plants. The botanically informed activities promoted understanding about processes linked to maintaining species diversity. These drew on the work of Marianne North, a Victorian botanical artist, noted for her detailed plant observations. The final socio-scientific context was related to the work of Mary Anning, a pioneering 19th century palaeontologist, who made significant fossil discoveries that contributed to the understanding of geology and evolution. Interactive and participatory activities, informed by the lives and work of these scientists, were designed to engage students in socio-scientific inquiry-based learning through a drama-based pedagogy. These dramatised inquiries promoted the development of scientific citizenship competencies. Scrutiny of data collected through multiple methods suggested that, by extending opportunities for learners to participate in these dramatised lessons, understanding sustainability became more salient for the students. Outcomes suggest several distinctive affordances offered by dramatisation when supporting understanding about sustainability and the development of scientific citizenship.

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Paliwal, Ishita, e Caitlin Reintjes. "Origins of Life Lab at McMaster University". Sciential - McMaster Undergraduate Science Journal, n.º 2 (29 de março de 2019): 21–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15173/sciential.v1i2.2104.

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One of the many novel scientific studies being conducted at McMaster University focuses on uncovering the origins of life, specifically, how the first cells were formed. Dr. Maikel Rheinstadter, from the Department of Physics and Astronomy, has developed a planetary simulator that effectively replicates environmental conditions both on Earth and other potentially habitable planets in the solar system. His team works to discern how the first cells may have developed on these planets by investigating the idea that water-based life was formed in warm, volcanic ponds. The following interview provides further insight into Dr. Rheinstadter’s research project.

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Lorenz, Ralph D. "Planets, life and the production of entropy". International Journal of Astrobiology 1, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2002): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550402001027.

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Two thermodynamic principles offer considerable insight into the climatic and geological settings for life on other planets, namely (1) that natural systems tend to actually achieve the ideal (‘Carnot’) limit of conversion of heat into work and (2) if a fluid system such as an atmosphere has sufficient degrees of freedom, it will choose the degree of heat transport that maximizes the generation of work (equivalently, that which offers maximum entropy production). The first principle agrees well with results on terrestrial cumulus convection, and the mechanical energy released by tectonic activity. The second principle agrees with the observed zonal climates of Earth, Mars and Titan, and shows promise for planetary interiors too; I discuss applications in the investigation of paleoclimates and habitability. I compare the work performed by planetary atmospheres and interiors on the terrestrial planets and thereby predict a weakly eroded landscape on Titan. The association of life with the production of entropy is also noted, and the possibility of evaluating planetary entropy production by telescopic observation is discussed.

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Namazova, F. "CHARACTERISTICS OF DRAMA GENRE AND DRAMA LANGUAGE". BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 75, n.º 1 (12 de abril de 2021): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2021-1.1728-7804.13.

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Addressing the specific problems of dramatic creativity, we must first determine the basic meaning of the term "drama". As we know, the word "drama" has different meanings. We also call a certain range of real events, for example, the drama of life, one of the genres of the dramatic type of literature (the noble drama of the eighteenth century) and the dramatic theater, which is the leading type of performing arts. Dramatic works are fundamentally different from other genres. As early as the 19th century, the great thinker MFAkhundov distinguished the genre of drama he brought to our literature from other genres in terms of language and style. Both in his article "Fihristi-kitab" and in his "critique" of Mirza Malkum khan's plays, he clearly showed the "conditions of dramatic art".

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Shorttle, Oliver, Natalie R. Hinkel e Cayman T. Unterborn. "Why Geosciences and Exoplanetary Sciences Need Each Other". Elements 17, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2021): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.4.229.

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The study of planets outside our Solar System may lead to major advances in our understanding of the Earth and may provide insight into the universal set of rules by which planets form and evolve. To achieve these goals requires applying geoscience’s wealth of Earth observations to fill in the blanks left by the necessarily minimal exoplanetary observations. In turn, many of Earth’s one-offs—plate tectonics, surface liquid water, a large moon, and life: long considered as “Which came first?” conundrums for geoscientists—may find resolution in the study of exoplanets that possess only a subset of these phenomena.

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Gale, Joseph, e Amri Wandel. "The potential of planets orbiting red dwarf stars to support oxygenic photosynthesis and complex life". International Journal of Astrobiology 16, n.º 1 (3 de junho de 2016): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550415000440.

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AbstractWe review the latest findings on extra-solar planets and their potential of having environmental conditions that could support Earth-like life. Focusing on planets orbiting red dwarf (RD) stars, the most abundant stellar type in the Milky Way, we show that including RDs as potential life supporting host stars could increase the probability of finding biotic planets by a factor of up to a thousand, and reduce the estimate of the distance to our nearest biotic neighbour by up to 10. We argue that binary and multiple star systems need to be taken into account when discussing habitability and the abundance of biotic exoplanets, in particular RDs in such systems. Early considerations indicated that conditions on RD planets would be inimical to life, as their habitable zones would be so close to the host star as to make planets tidally locked. This was thought to cause an erratic climate and expose life forms to flares of ionizing radiation. Recent calculations show that these negative factors are less severe than originally thought. It has also been argued that the lesser photon energy of the radiation of the relatively cool RDs would not suffice for oxygenic photosynthesis (OP) and other related energy expending reactions. Numerous authors suggest that OP on RD planets may evolve to utilize photons in the infrared. We however argue, by analogy to the evolution of OP and the environmental physiology and distribution of land-based vegetation on Earth, that the evolutionary pressure to utilize infrared radiation would be small. This is because vegetation on RD planets could enjoy continuous illumination of moderate intensity, containing a significant component of photosynthetic 400–700 nm radiation. We conclude that conditions for OP could exist on RD planets and consequently the evolution of complex life might be possible. Furthermore, the huge number and the long lifetime of RDs make it more likely to find planets with photosynthesis and life around RDs than around Solar type stars.

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Schubotz, Florence, Mark A. Sephton e Sylvie Derenne. "Biomarkers in Extreme Environments on Earth and the Search for Extraterrestrial Life in Our Solar System". Elements 18, n.º 2 (1 de abril de 2022): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.18.2.100.

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Our appreciation of the potential distribution of life in the Solar System has been impacted by the discovery that organisms are able to occupy the most extreme environments on Earth. The persistence of life in the deepest parts of oceans, the deep sedimentary and crustal biosphere accessed by deep drill holes, hot springs, deserts, and polar regions has led to diverse hypotheses regarding the potential for extraterrestrial life on other planets. This chapter provides an overview on how scientists explore the habitability of other planets and moons of our Solar System and far away in outer space and how future space missions aim to find evidence for extraterrestrial life.

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Rossmo, D. Kim. "Bernoulli, Darwin, and Sagan: the probability of life on other planets". International Journal of Astrobiology 16, n.º 2 (25 de abril de 2016): 185–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550416000148.

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AbstractThe recent discovery that billions of planets in the Milky Way Galaxy may be in circumstellar habitable zones has renewed speculation over the possibility of extraterrestrial life. The Drake equation is a probabilistic framework for estimating the number of technological advanced civilizations in our Galaxy; however, many of the equation's component probabilities are either unknown or have large error intervals. In this paper, a different method of examining this question is explored, one that replaces the various Drake factors with the single estimate for the probability of life existing on Earth. This relationship can be described by the binomial distribution if the presence of life on a given number of planets is equated to successes in a Bernoulli trial. The question of exoplanet life may then be reformulated as follows – given the probability of one or more independent successes for a given number of trials, what is the probability of two or more successes? Some of the implications of this approach for finding life on exoplanets are discussed.

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Palhares, Dario, e Íris Almeida dos Santos. "Astronomic Bioethics: Terraforming X Planetary protection". Bangladesh Journal of Bioethics 8, n.º 2 (3 de novembro de 2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bioethics.v8i2.34474.

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A hard difficulty in Astrobiology is the precise definition of what life is. All living beings have a cellular structure, so it is not possible to have a broader concept of life hence the search for extraterrestrial life is restricted to extraterrestrial cells. Earth is an astronomical rarity because it is difficult for a planet to present liquid water on the surface. Two antagonistic bioethical principles arise: planetary protection and terraforming. Planetary protection is based on the fear of interplanetary cross-infection and possible ecological damages caused by alien living beings. Terraforming is the intention of modifying the environmental conditions of the neighbouring planets in such a way that human colonisation would be possible. The synthesis of this antagonism is ecopoiesis, a concept related to the creation of new ecosystems in other planets. Since all the multicellular biodiversity requires oxygen to survive, only extremophile microorganisms could survive in other planets. So, it could be carried out a simulation of a meteorite by taking to other planets portions of the terrestrial permafrost, or ocean or soil, so that if a single species could grow, a new ecosystem would start, as well as a new Natural History. As a conclusion, ecopoiesis should be the bioethical principle to guide practices and research in Astrobiology.

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Ramirez, Ramses. "A More Comprehensive Habitable Zone for Finding Life on Other Planets". Geosciences 8, n.º 8 (28 de julho de 2018): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geosciences8080280.

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The habitable zone (HZ) is the circular region around a star(s) where standing bodies of water could exist on the surface of a rocky planet. Space missions employ the HZ to select promising targets for follow-up habitability assessment. The classical HZ definition assumes that the most important greenhouse gases for habitable planets orbiting main-sequence stars are CO2 and H2O. Although the classical HZ is an effective navigational tool, recent HZ formulations demonstrate that it cannot thoroughly capture the diversity of habitable exoplanets. Here, I review the planetary and stellar processes considered in both classical and newer HZ formulations. Supplementing the classical HZ with additional considerations from these newer formulations improves our capability to filter out worlds that are unlikely to host life. Such improved HZ tools will be necessary for current and upcoming missions aiming to detect and characterize potentially habitable exoplanets.

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Kashefi, Kazem. "Living hell: Life at high temperatures". Biochemist 27, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2005): 6–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bio02701006.

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Modern hot environments, such as those found in hydrothermal vents, are of great interest to the scientific community because they resemble those ancient environments where life first arose on Earth and also share many characteristics with environments in other planets where life may have actually existed. Evidence to date strongly indicates that Fe(III) respiration may have been one of the first, if not the first, forms of respiration in a hot, early Earth. The abundance of Fe(III) minerals in many modern and ancient hot environments suggests that studies of Fe(III)-reducing hyperthermophilic micro-organisms are likely to be instrumental for our understanding of how life originated and evolved at high temperatures. The isolation and characterization of novel hyperthermophilic, Fe(III)-reducing micro-organisms has greatly increased our understanding of how microbes can live and thrive in such inhospitable environments. The study of these amazing microbes provides clues as to how life might have arisen on Earth and has implications for our search for traces of life in other planets.

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Lazcano, Antonio. "Astrobiology: Towards an Understanding of the Emergence of Life in the Universe". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193350.

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Long before the idea of spontaneous generation was incorporated by JeanBaptiste de Lamarck into evolutionary biology to explain the first emergence of life, the possibility that other planets were inhabited had been discussed, sometimes in considerable detail, by scientists and philosophers alike (Lazcano 2001). More often than not, these were speculations that rested on the idea of a uniform universe but with little or no empirical basis. Today our approaches to the issue of life in the Universe have changed dramatically; neither the formation of planets nor the origin of life are seen as the result of inscrutable random events, but rather as natural outcomes of evolutionary events. The interconnection between these two processes is evident: understanding the formation of planets has major implications for our understanding of the early terrestrial environment, and therefore for the origin of living systems.

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Schmitt, Harrison H. "Life among the Craters". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 199–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193271.

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The Moon forms one end-member in the planetary mass series Earth-Venus-Mars-Mercury-Asteroids-Moon (Weissman 1999). Having a detailed understanding of the nature and evolution of the two end-members of this series, rather than of just the Earth, has increased the value of other data and inferences by orders of magnitude. As a consequence of obtaining an understanding of the evolution of a second planet, we now can look at other terrestrial planets with far greater insight than ever would have been possible otherwise (Fig. 1).

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Mayor, Michel, Stephane Udry, Francesco Pepe e Christophe Lovis. "Exoplanets: the quest for Earth twins". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 369, n.º 1936 (13 de fevereiro de 2011): 572–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2010.0245.

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Today, more than 400 extra-solar planets have been discovered. They provide strong constraints on the structure and formation mechanisms of planetary systems. Despite this huge amount of data, we still have little information concerning the constraints for extra-terrestrial life, i.e. the frequency of Earth twins in the habitable zone and the distribution of their orbital eccentricities. On the other hand, these latter questions strongly excite general interest and trigger future searches for life in the Universe. The status of the extra-solar planets field—in particular with respect to very-low-mass planets—will be discussed and an outlook on the search for Earth twins will be given in this paper.

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Rimmer, Paul B., Sukrit Ranjan e Sarah Rugheimer. "Life’s Origins and the Search for Life on Rocky Exoplanets". Elements 17, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2021): 265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.2138/gselements.17.4.265.

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The study of the origin(s) of life on Earth and the search for life on other planets are closely linked. Prebiotic chemical scenarios can help priori-tize target planets for the search for life (as we know it) and can provide informative prior probabilities to help us assess the likelihood that particular spectroscopic features are evidence of life. The prerequisites for origins scenarios themselves predict characteristic spectral signatures. The interplay between origins research and the search for extraterrestrial life starts with laboratory work to guide exploration within our own Solar System, which will then inform future exoplanet observations and laboratory research. Exoplanet research will, in turn, provide statistical context to conclusions about the nature and origins of life.

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Doyle, Charlotte L. "Multiple Realities: The Changing Life Worlds of Actors". Journal of Phenomenological Psychology 47, n.º 2 (17 de outubro de 2016): 107–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15691624-12341310.

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This is an empirical phenomenological interview study into the experiences of professional actors as they create and perform roles for the stage. Prior research was inadequate for capturing actors’ changing life worlds over time. Analyzing the interviews using the descriptive phenomenological method yielded general structural descriptions and pointed to the relevance of Schütz’s description of multiple realities. Being cast in a role changes the pace and goals of actors’ everyday worlds and leads the actors intermittently and with intention to enter other realities—fictional, theoretical, and/or pictorial. A province unique to acting is the drama world in which the actors live incarnate as their characters. The drama world is infused pre-reflectively with discoveries from other provinces of meaning, unfolds spontaneously, and, in performance, has the audience as horizon. The drama world and the experiences that give rise to it provide new material for comparative phenomenological analysis of various forms of imagining.

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Anderson, Mark. "Microbes survive meteorite smashes and so could seed life on other planets". New Scientist 197, n.º 2649 (março de 2008): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(08)60763-0.

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Raulin Cerceau, Florence. "What Possible Life Forms Could Exist on Other Planets: A Historical Overview". Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 40, n.º 2 (26 de fevereiro de 2010): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11084-010-9200-7.

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Arnold, Luc. "Earthshine Observation of Vegetation and Implication for Life Detection on Other Planets". Space Science Reviews 135, n.º 1-4 (30 de outubro de 2007): 323–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11214-007-9281-4.

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Holmes, Brooke. "Antigone at Colonus and the End(s) of Tragedy". Ramus 42, n.º 1-2 (2013): 23–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0048671x00000059.

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Sophocles' Oedipus at Colonus, it would seem, is an exercise in closure. In the opening scene, Oedipus, worn down by years of wandering blind and hungry, arrives at the borders of Athens. Here is where his legendary sufferings—his murder of his father, his incestuous marriage to his mother, his betrayal by his sons, his exile from Thebes—are fated to end. Following his miraculous death, his body will become a sacred gift to the city that receives him, protecting it against future attack. In the closing moments of the play, everything unfolds according to plan. Oedipus disappears offstage and mysteriously descends into the earth. The king of Athens, Theseus, alone marks the spot of his disappearance, knowledge he will pass down to his sons as part of his responsibility to the city. By the end of the tragedy, then, Oedipus has made his way home to the gods in a land capable of honouring his awesome, singular fate.The concept of ‘coming home’ is integral, as this précis suggests, to the play's logic of closure. Yet, crucially, it governs only one of the two planes on which the drama unfolds, that of the gods. Oedipus' life has been in the hands of the gods since before he was born. That they reclaim him at the end of his life gives his exit the feel of a return. By contrast, the path to Athens, for all its meandering, is not circular but linear. Athens is definitively not Thebes, as the tragedy demonstrates over and over (nor is it Corinth, Oedipus' other point of origin). Thebes is, rather, the home that Oedipus rejects, most spectacularly through his resistance to Creon's demand that he return to the city of his birth. What is more, he repudiates any relationship to the Theban throne. When Polyneices arrives to ask his father to support his bid to reclaim the kingship from his brother Eteocles, Oedipus does not simply refuse to intervene but drives his son away with curses. His refusal is a refusal not just of Thebes but of the Labdacid line altogether (he goes so far as to call Polyneices ἀπάτωϱ, ‘fatherless’, 1383; see also 1369: ὑμεῖς δ' ἀπ' ἄλλον ϰοὐϰ ἐμοῦ πεϕύϰατον, ‘you are from another and not born from me’); his pact with Theseus creates an alternate genealogy of fathers and sons. Seen in this light, Oedipus' arrival at Colonus and, ultimately, his dramatic exit become the final stages of a process not of coming home but of leaving Thebes behind and with it ‘the radical tragic terrain where there can be no escape from the tragic in the resolution of conflict or in the institutional provision of a civic future beyond the world of the play’.

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Rees, Martin. "From Mars to the Multiverse". European Review 26, n.º 1 (5 de dezembro de 2017): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1062798717000345.

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Unmanned spacecraft have visited the other planets of our Solar System (and some of their moons), beaming back pictures of varied and distinctive worlds – but none propitious for life. However, prospects are far more interesting when we extend our gaze to other stars. Most stars are orbited by retinues of planets. Our home Galaxy contains a billion planets like the Earth. Do some of these have biospheres? Moreover, our Galaxy is one of billions visible with a large telescope – all the aftermath of a cosmic ‘big bang’ 13.8 billion years ago. More astonishing still, ‘our’ big bang may not have been the only one. The remarkable advances in recent decades are primarily owed to new engineering and technology. Armchair theory alone doesn’t get us far.

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Higdon, Rachel Delta, e Kate Chapman. "A dramatic existence: Undergraduate preparations for a creative life in the performance industries". Industry and Higher Education 34, n.º 4 (27 de abril de 2020): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0950422220912979.

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This article focuses specifically on drama and theatre higher education (HE) programmes and preparation for potential graduate work. The article investigates working in the creative industries and in the performing arts (particularly within acting) and how HE students in the United Kingdom prepare for this life. The growth of the creative industries and successful applied drama in the public and private sectors has also brought business interest in how drama and theatre processes can benefit other workplaces, outside of the creative arts. The article addresses current policy, initiatives and partnerships to broaden inclusion and access to creative work. The research explores drama undergraduate degrees and the university’s role in supporting a successful transition from HE to graduate work. Students perceive the university world as safe and the graduate world as precarious and unsafe. The research findings have resonance with other undergraduate degrees, outside of the arts and the role the university plays in student transitions from the university to the graduate environment.

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Sandora, McCullen, Vladimir Airapetian, Luke Barnes, Geraint F. Lewis e Ileana Pérez-Rodríguez. "Multiverse Predictions for Habitability: Element Abundances". Universe 8, n.º 12 (7 de dezembro de 2022): 651. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe8120651.

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We investigate the dependence of elemental abundances on physical constants, and the implications this has for the distribution of complex life for various proposed habitability criteria. We consider three main sources of abundance variation: differing supernova rates, alpha burning in massive stars, and isotopic stability, and how each affects the metal-to-rock ratio and the abundances of carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, magnesium, and iron. Our analysis leads to several predictions for which habitability criteria are correct by determining which ones make our observations of the physical constants, as well as a few other observed features of our universe, most likely. Our results indicate that carbon-rich or carbon-poor planets are uninhabitable, slightly magnesium-rich planets are habitable, and life does not depend on nitrogen abundance too sensitively. We also find suggestive but inconclusive evidence that metal-rich planets and phosphorus-poor planets are habitable. These predictions can then be checked by probing regions of our universe that closely resemble normal environments in other universes. If any of these predictions are found to be wrong, the multiverse scenario would predict that the majority of observers are born in universes differing substantially from ours, and so can be ruled out, to varying degrees of statistical significance.

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Sandora, McCullen. "Multiverse Predictions for Habitability:Fraction of Planets that Develop Life". Universe 5, n.º 7 (14 de julho de 2019): 171. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe5070171.

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In a multiverse context, determining the probability of being in our particular universe depends on estimating its overall habitability compared to other universes with different values of the fundamental constants. One of the most important factors in determining this is the fraction of planets that actually develop life, and how this depends on planetary conditions. Many proposed possibilities for this are incompatible with the multiverse: if the emergence of life depends on the lifetime of its host star, the size of the habitable planet, or the amount of material processed, the chances of being in our universe would be very low. If the emergence of life depends on the entropy absorbed by the planet, however, our position in this universe is very natural. Several proposed models for the subsequent development of life, including the hard step model and several planetary oxygenation models, are also shown to be incompatible with the multiverse. If any of these are observed to play a large role in determining the distribution of life throughout our universe, the multiverse hypothesis will be ruled out to high significance.

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Pilat-Lohinger, Elke. "The ultimate cataclysm: the orbital (in)stability of terrestrial planets in exoplanet systems including planets in binaries". International Journal of Astrobiology 8, n.º 3 (julho de 2009): 175–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550409990164.

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AbstractThere is no doubt that stability studies are of great importance in the fascinating research of extrasolar planetary systems. Even if most of the more than 300 extrasolar planets orbit their host stars as single giant planet and build simple two-body systems, we should not exclude the possibility that these systems could host other (small) planets that have not yet been detected due to obsevational limits. Another aspect to carry out stability studies is the growing interest in the search for extraterrestrial life in the universe. The long-term stability of a planetary system is one of the basic requirements for the evolution of life on a terrestrial planet. In this paper the dynamical behaviour of Earth-like planets will be discussed in single-star single-giant-planet systems, multi-planet systems and binary systems.

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Meadows, Victoria, e David Crisp. "The Virtual Planetary Laboratory: Towards Characterization of Extrasolar Terrestrial Planets". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 213 (2004): 129–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900193131.

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NASA and ESA are currently undertaking mission studies for space-based observatories designed to search for life on other worlds. To optimize the designs of these missions, and to ultimately interpret the data sent back by them, we need to recognize habitable worlds and to discriminate between planets with and without life based only on remotely-sensed information. This paper provides an overview of the characteristics we would look for on an extrasolar terrestrial planet that might indicate habitability or the presence of life. It also describes a new NASA Astrobiology Institute research project to develop an innovative suite of modeling tools to simulate the environments and spectra of extrasolar planets. These modeling tools will constitute a Virtual Planetary Laboratory, which will be used to explore the plausible range of atmospheric compositions and globally-averaged spectra for early Earth and for plausible terrestrial planets both with and without life. Products of this research will provide an improved basis for recommending spacecraft and instrument characteristics, as well as search strategies required to remotely sense the signs of life in the atmosphere or on the surface of another world.

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Crowe, Michael J. "Book Review: Planets of other Stars: Strange New Worlds: The Search for Alien Planets and Life beyond Our Solar System". Journal for the History of Astronomy 43, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2012): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002182861204300112.

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Nelyubin, N. I. "Theoretical and methodological foundations for the inclusion of the concept of "cogital identity" in the conceptual apparatus of post-non-classical psychology of thinking". Sibirskiy Psikhologicheskiy Zhurnal, n.º 88 (2023): 6–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/17267080/88/1.

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In modern psychological discourse there is an increase in anthropologically oriented concepts and methodological tools that contribute to the comprehension of multidimensional human existence in a rapidly becoming more complex and changing world. The conceptosphere of post-non-classical psychology is replenished with interdisciplinary concepts and metaphors necessary to comprehend the multilevel dynamics of the human life world. The relevance of this work is determined by the need to comprehend the phenomenon of actualization by a person in his own thinking of stable subject-thematic dominants and the embodiment of his own motivational and semantic intentions in it. At the level of the target setting, this requires a reasonable introduction of the concept of “cognitive identity” into the conceptual and conceptual apparatus of the anthropologically oriented psychology of thinking. This concept, from the point of view of the author, will allow “shedding light” on the existential dynamics of thinking, which includes transtemporal, chronotopic aspects of a person's ongoing mental experience and the topology of his cogital individuation. The study of this dynamics is a promising area for the development of the psychology of thinking, since it opens up opportunities for finding correspondences and principles for synchronizing the existential and cognitive planes of thinking. The author believes that the disclosure and description of the phenomenology of cogital identity will make it possible to combine such properties of a person's mental experience as transtemporality, chronotopicity, multidimensionality and personification. This will make it possible to comprehend the phenomenon of the selective sensitivity of a thinking person to certain mental dilemmas and contradictions, his ability to constitute a personal anthology of thinking, to overcome the dispersion of the ongoing history of thinking into many discrete episodes of the empirical subject's mental activity. Cogital identity is considered as an integral psychological formation, thanks to which synchrony, synarchy of the transects of thinking and the transects of identity are possible. The article reveals the dialectic of the processes of authentication and self-transcendence, which constitutes the central drama of the formation of a person's cogital identity: on the one hand, a person authenticates himself as a carrier of stable, cross-cutting thematic and motivational-semantic dominants, cognition, takes root in the corresponding noematic space; on the other hand, he reveals a readiness for decentration and self-transformation in alternative or subsequent series of thinking, overcomes the boundaries of the actual mental space specified by the existing cognitive schemes and attitudes.

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Sari, Lusi Komala, e Bede Blaise Chukwunyere Onwuagboke. "Pragmatic/Religious and Moral Values in Hermana HMT’s Drama Script “Robohnya Surau Kami” (“The Collapse of Our Mosque”)". International Journal of Evaluation and Research in Education (IJERE) 4, n.º 4 (1 de dezembro de 2015): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijere.v4i4.4513.

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<span style="line-height: 107%; font-family: 'Times New Roman','serif'; font-size: 9pt; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: EN; mso-fareast-language: EN-US; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;" lang="EN">Life in heaven is the hope of all religious human. Yet, to reach the paradise as promised to all faithful is not an easy road. It needs the balance of earthly life and hereafter’s life to reach the place which is promised by God. The drama Robohnya Surau Kami (RSK) created by dramatist Hermana HTM which is adapted from a short story written by A.A. Navis conveys the aforementioned. Using descriptive technique to analyze Drama RSK it is found that the drama script is created by structural elements as other literary works. The social-religious theme presented in flashback plot made this drama script to heave the readers’ imagination upward. The dialogue which made the gradation of character of each character in the drama brings out the uniqueness of Drama RSK. Unfortunately, the presentation of such an interesting script was poorly supported by various means of literary and dramatics that appear blurred. Despite this, the drama revealed pragmatic view which symbolizes real life situations full of religious and moral lessons for edifying religious and good social life in the society.</span>

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Page, Thornton. "Detecting Distant Planets with Space Telescope". Symposium - International Astronomical Union 112 (1985): 85–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900146388.

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In 1981 and in 1984, I offered at the University of Houston, CLC, a course on Space Telescope, the first of its kind. The 22 graduate students were assigned research projects of their own choosing designed for ST. Several chose the detection of planets of other stars, showing the popularity of the search for extraterrestrial life. Space Telescope's six instruments can be used for this purpose in several ways, and the students, most of them scientists and engineers at the NASA Johnson Space Center, proposed to use most of these after ST is launched in 1986 or 1987. The student proposals require a significant fraction of ST observing time over a period of five to ten years, indicating the over-subscription that faces the ST Science Institute. In this paper, I summarize the capability of ST instruments, and recount the techniques likely to be most effective in using them to detect planets of other stars.

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Nasution, Melinda. "Nilai-Nilai Kehidupan dalam Naskah Drama Kibar Bendera Si Sarto di Halaman Rumah Karya Rodli TL (Kajian Pragmatik)". RUANG KATA: Journal of Language and Literature Studies 3, n.º 01 (30 de junho de 2023): 58–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.53863/jrk.v3i01.734.

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Drama as a genre of literature, has its own characteristics compared to other genres, namely poetry and fiction. Drama is unique from the point of view of using language and conveying its message and useful values ??for its readers. However, often the delivery of messages and values ??through character conversations is often not caught by the reader because dialogue in drama often uses connotative words that have ambiguity or indirectness of expression. The presentation of language in drama literary works is in the form of using behavioral instructions that describe the atmosphere and using the dialogue of the characters. In terms of message content, the playwright tells human life with its various problems. This study discusses the values ??of life that exist in the drama script "Raising the Si Sarto Flag in the Homeyard" by Rodli TL. The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The approach used is a pragmatic approach. The purpose of this study is to describe, analyze, and identify pragmatic values, including moral values, social values, cultural values, and nationalism values ??in drama scripts. Keywords: Life values, Pragmatics, Drama script

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Tuchow, Noah W., e Jason T. Wright. "The Abundance of Belatedly Habitable Planets and Ambiguities in Definitions of the Continuously Habitable Zone". Astrophysical Journal 944, n.º 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2023): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/acb054.

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Abstract A planet’s history dictates its current potential to host habitable conditions and life. The concept of the continuously habitable zone (CHZ) has been used to define the region around a star most likely to host planets with long-term habitability. However, definitions of the CHZ vary in the literature and often conflict with each other. Calculating the fraction of habitable zone planets in the CHZ as a function of stellar properties, we find that the quality of a star as a host for planets with long-term habitability and biosignatures depends strongly on the formulation of the CHZ used. For instance, older M stars are either excellent or suboptimal hosts for CHZ planets, depending on whether one’s definition of habitability prioritizes the total time spent in the habitable zone or the continuity of habitable conditions from the delivery of volatiles to its current age. In this study, we focus on belatedly habitable zone (BHZ) planets, i.e., planets that enter the habitable zone after formation due to the evolution of their host star. We find that between ∼29% and 74% of planets in the habitable zone belong to this class of BHZ planets, depending on the timescale for the delivery of volatiles. Whether these planets can retain their volatiles and support habitable conditions is unclear. Since BHZ planets comprise a large portion of the planets we expect to survey for biosignatures with future missions, the open question of their habitability is an important factor for mission design, survey strategies, and the interpretation of results.

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Abyzov, S. S., I. N. Mitskevich, M. N. Poglazova, N. I. Barkov, V. Ya Lipenkov, N. E. Bobin, B. B. Koudryashov e V. M. Pashkevich. "Antarctic ice sheet as a model in search of life on other planets". Advances in Space Research 22, n.º 3 (janeiro de 1998): 363–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0273-1177(98)00194-x.

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Isenbarger, Thomas A., Christopher E. Carr, Sarah Stewart Johnson, Michael Finney, George M. Church, Walter Gilbert, Maria T. Zuber e Gary Ruvkun. "The Most Conserved Genome Segments for Life Detection on Earth and Other Planets". Origins of Life and Evolution of Biospheres 38, n.º 6 (14 de outubro de 2008): 517–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11084-008-9148-z.

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Beichman, Charles. "The Search for Terrestrial Planets: What Do we Need to Know?" Symposium - International Astronomical Union 202 (2004): 432–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900218433.

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The goal of finding and characterizing habitable planets in other solar systems represents one of humanity's greatest scientific challenges. NASA and ESA have initiated studies of missions that could accomplish this goal within the next ten years. What precursor knowledge do we need before we can initiate such a mission? How large should the first steps be in a program whose ultimate aim is to detect life on other planets? This talk describes different concepts for NASA's Terrestrial Planet Finder and discusses potential precursors in a program that balances scientific return, technological advance, and programmatic risk.

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Sephton, Mark A., e Oliver Botta. "Recognizing life in the Solar System: guidance from meteoritic organic matter". International Journal of Astrobiology 4, n.º 3-4 (outubro de 2005): 269–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550405002806.

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In the next decade, numerous space missions will attempt to detect organic matter on planets and other objects in the Solar System. Recognizing carbon-based life or its remains will be a fundamental goal of future missions. In preparation, studies of organic matter in meteorites are enabling scientists how to discriminate between biogenic and abiogenic materials.

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