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Du, Zihan. "Compliment Phrases in Youth Environment in Russian and Chinese Languages (lexico-semantic analysis)". NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 22, n.º 3 (9 de dezembro de 2024): 46–59. https://doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2024-22-3-46-59.
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This article is devoted to the study of lexical units for expressing compliments in the speech of modern Russian and Chinese youth. The study reveals the dominant parts of speech in the lexical inventory and word-formation mechanisms in youth compliment slang. While building the compliment lexico-semantic group, typical cognitive-semantic models and a corresponding world view in youth speech communication have been revealed. Common and distinctive features in their lexico-semantic representations have also been specified.
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Schaeffer, Moritz, e Michael Carl. "Shared representations and the translation process". Describing Cognitive Processes in Translation: Acts and events 8, n.º 2 (29 de novembro de 2013): 169–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/tis.8.2.03sch.
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The purpose of the present paper is to investigate automated processing during translation. We provide evidence from a translation priming study which suggests that translation involves activation of shared lexico-semantic and syntactical representations, i.e., the activation of features of both source and target language items which share one single cognitive representation. We argue that activation of shared representations facilitates automated processing. The paper revises the literal translation hypothesis and the monitor model (Ivir 1981; Toury 1995; Tirkkonen-Condit 2005), and re-defines it in terms of findings from translation process research. On the basis of the evidence, we propose a recursive model of translation.
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Shigabiyeva, A. I. "Categorization and representation in the language of the lexico-semantic field of the concept of «space»". Bulletin of the Karaganda university Philology series 4, n.º 108 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022ph4/17-23.
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Lexeme analysis, including spatio-temporal definitions, indicates a universal process of categorizing human knowledge in objective reality. The article presents a synthesis of philosophical and linguistic approaches to the analysis of the category «space», via using encyclopedic, philosophical and cultural, metaphorical dictionaries for systemic and multilevel lexico-semantic research. Language confirms the existence in our heads of various structures of knowledge about the world, which are based on such a unit of mental information as a concept. Images, representations, concepts or their combinations pictures, gestalts, schemes, diagrams, propositions, frames are formed in the process of perceiving the world, they are created as a result of cognition, reflect and synthesize human experience and reality meaningful in different types of activity with the world. The components of thematic groups of spatial relationships have been described in details and various ways. Nominative-semantic groups of the linguistic implementation of the category «space» have also been examined and systematized.
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Hoversten, Liv J., Trevor Brothers, Tamara Y. Swaab e Matthew J. Traxler. "Language Membership Identification Precedes Semantic Access: Suppression during Bilingual Word Recognition". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 27, n.º 11 (novembro de 2015): 2108–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00844.
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Previous research suggests that bilingual comprehenders access lexical representations of words in both languages nonselectively. However, it is unclear whether global language suppression plays a role in guiding attention to target language representations during ongoing lexico-semantic processing. To help clarify this issue, this study examined the relative timing of language membership and meaning activation during visual word recognition. Spanish–English bilinguals performed simultaneous semantic and language membership classification tasks on single words during EEG recording. Go/no-go ERP latencies provided evidence that language membership information was accessed before semantic information. Furthermore, N400 frequency effects indicated that the depth of processing of words in the nontarget language was reduced compared to the target language. These results suggest that the bilingual brain can rapidly identify the language to which a word belongs and subsequently use this information to selectively modulate the degree of processing in each language accordingly.
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Polishchuk, Viktoriia, Yuliia Kovalchuk e Yuliia Kratiuk. "LEXICO-SEMANTIC FIELD OF LOCI IN THE SCOTTISH TALE". Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, n.º 16(84) (22 de dezembro de 2022): 46–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2022-16(84)-46-49.
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The article is devoted to the study of a special type of literary discourse – the discourse of the Scottish fairy tale, which is understood as a complex sociocultural communicative product of the thought process of the collective linguistic personality of the ethnic group. A fairy tale is the most extensive type of oral folk art, it is a symbol of culture, a work created collectively by a certain nation, which reflects its spiritual state, morality, customs and traditions; it is a way of preserving culture in different historical periods, awareness of the spiritual values of the people, history, traditions, beliefs and ideals. One of the important basic categories in human being is the category of space, as it is the universal form of existence of matter. When studying the lexical-semantic representations of the field "space", the hierarchical system of the functional-semantic field "space" N.D. Tkachenko was taken as a basis and two microfields (names of natural space and artificial space) are distinguished, which consist of 12 thematic groups (names of land masses; names of relief; names of lowlands; names of forests; names of mountains and hills; names of water space; names of swamps; names of administrative divisions of the earth surface; names of countries; names of settlements; names of communication routes; names of housing). The largest number of nominations includes the thematic group of names of settlements (60%), the second in terms of words is the group of names of mountains and hills (13%). Nominations of groups of water space names and country names make up 12% and 9%, respectively. Considering the obtained results, it can be stated that spatial lexemes and toponyms are symbols that reflect the specifics of national self-awareness, the nation's reflection on its own history and culture. The space of geographical names of fairy tales should be considered as a special microcosm in which the real reality familiar to every person is reflected.
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Shiller, Douglas M., Nicolas Bourguignon, Victor Frak, Tatjana Nazir, Geneviève Cadoret, Maxime Robert e Martin Lemay. "Word-induced postural changes reflect a tight interaction between motor and lexico-semantic representations". Neuroscience Letters 555 (outubro de 2013): 129–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2013.09.021.
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Tkachenko, Natalia. "CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE SEMANTIC PARADIGMS OF THE BRITISH AND AMERICAN SPACE NOMINATIONS". PROBLEMS OF SEMANTICS, PRAGMATICS AND COGNITIVE LINGUISTICS 32 (2017): 162–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2663-6530.2017.32.16.
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The article provides a contrastive analysis of the semantic paradigms – thematical groups and semantic series of the British and American cultural linguistic space representations. The aim of the article is to select the thematical groups with the highest territorial and functional variativity linked to the problem of developing functional semantics in both compared variants of English. The contrastive analysis of the thematical groups of the British and American nominations of natural spaces reveals the highest development of functional semantics in the names of valleys and water spaces; the highest territorial and functional semantic variativity is observed in the names of artificial spaces, for example, those of communications. Thematical group reducing takes place in the process of space names desemantization, and their increasing is typical of lexico-semantic variants of other thematical groups, borrowings and homonyms, the words of different functional styles of English.
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Phillips, Ian, Regina C. Calloway, Valerie P. Karuzis, Nick B. Pandža, Polly O'Rourke e Stefanie E. Kuchinsky. "Transcutaneous Auricular Vagus Nerve Stimulation Strengthens Semantic Representations of Foreign Language Tone Words during Initial Stages of Learning". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 34, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2021): 127–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01783.
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Abstract Difficulty perceiving phonological contrasts in a second language (L2) can impede initial L2 lexical learning. Such is the case for English speakers learning tonal languages, like Mandarin Chinese. Given the hypothesized role of reduced neuroplasticity in adulthood limiting L2 phonological perception, the current study examined whether transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS), a relatively new neuromodulatory technique, can facilitate L2 lexical learning for English speakers learning Mandarin Chinese over 2 days. Using a double-blind design, one group of participants received 10 min of continuous priming taVNS before lexical training and testing each day, a second group received 500 msec of peristimulus (peristim) taVNS preceding each to-be-learned item in the same tasks, and a third group received passive sham stimulation. Results of the lexical recognition test administered at the end of each day revealed evidence of learning for all groups, but a higher likelihood of accuracy across days for the peristim group and a greater improvement in response time between days for the priming group. Analyses of N400 ERP components elicited during the same tasks indicate behavioral advantages for both taVNS groups coincided with stronger lexico-semantic encoding for target words. Comparison of these findings to pupillometry results for the same study reported in Pandža, N. B., Phillips, I., Karuzis, V. P., O'Rourke, P., and Kuchinsky, S. E. (Neurostimulation and pupillometry: New directions for learning and research in applied linguistics. Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, 40, 56–77, 2020) suggest that positive effects of priming taVNS (but not peristim taVNS) on lexico-semantic encoding are related to sustained attentional effort.
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Ivanova, Sargylana. "Hunting vocabulary in the work by Timofey Smetanin "Tales of the hunter Meheelecheen" (lexical and semantic classification)". SHS Web of Conferences 134 (2022): 00109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213400109.
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The article discusses the hunting vocabulary used in the work by the Yakut front-line writer Timofey Smetanin “Tales of the hunter Meheelecheen”. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that there is no comprehensive description of the hunting vocabulary in the Yakut language; part of the vocabulary, including the special vocabulary as a hunting language has been lost. The purpose of this study is to identify lexico-semantic groups of hunting vocabulary used in the work. The hunting vocabulary was divided into thirteen lexico-semantic groups: 1) nominations of hunting activities and their results; 2) nominations of habits of animals and birds observed during hunting; 3) nominations of birds, groups of birds and animals; 4) designations of hunting methods; 5) names of hunters’ clothes, footwear and equipment; 6) names of hunting accessories, their parts and equipment; 7) names of hunters and their assistants; 8) names of body parts and internal organs of animals and birds; 9) names of types of meat of animals or birds and specific food of hunters and fishermen; 10) names of hunting buildings; 11) geographical features of the area; 12) sounds of the surrounding world; 13) figurative representations of the movements of animals and birds.
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Hocking, Julia, Katie L. McMahon e Greig I. de Zubicaray. "Semantic Context and Visual Feature Effects in Object Naming: An fMRI Study using Arterial Spin Labeling". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 21, n.º 8 (agosto de 2009): 1571–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn.2009.21114.
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Previous behavioral studies reported a robust effect of increased naming latencies when objects to be named were blocked within semantic category, compared to items blocked between category. This semantic context effect has been attributed to various mechanisms including inhibition or excitation of lexico-semantic representations and incremental learning of associations between semantic features and names, and is hypothesized to increase demands on verbal self-monitoring during speech production. Objects within categories also share many visual structural features, introducing a potential confound when interpreting the level at which the context effect might occur. Consistent with previous findings, we report a significant increase in response latencies when naming categorically related objects within blocks, an effect associated with increased perfusion fMRI signal bilaterally in the hippocampus and in the left middle to posterior superior temporal cortex. No perfusion changes were observed in the middle section of the left middle temporal cortex, a region associated with retrieval of lexical–semantic information in previous object naming studies. Although a manipulation of visual feature similarity did not influence naming latencies, we observed perfusion increases in the perirhinal cortex for naming objects with similar visual features that interacted with the semantic context in which objects were named. These results provide support for the view that the semantic context effect in object naming occurs due to an incremental learning mechanism, and involves increased demands on verbal self-monitoring.
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Henseler, Ilona, Andreas Mädebach, Sonja A. Kotz e Jörg D. Jescheniak. "Modulating Brain Mechanisms Resolving Lexico-semantic Interference during Word Production: A Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Study". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 26, n.º 7 (julho de 2014): 1403–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_00572.
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The aim of the current study was to shed further light on control processes that shape semantic access and selection during speech production. These processes have been linked to differential cortical activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the left middle temporal gyrus (MTG); however, the particular function of these regions is not yet completely elucidated. We applied transcranial direct current stimulation to the left IFG and the left MTG (or sham stimulation) while participants named pictures in the presence of associatively related, categorically related, or unrelated distractor words. This direct modulation of target regions can help to better delineate the functional role of these regions in lexico-semantic selection. Independent of stimulation, the data show interference (i.e., longer naming latencies) with categorically related distractors and facilitation (i.e., shorter naming latencies) with associatively related distractors. Importantly, stimulation location interacted with the associative effect. Whereas the semantic interference effect did not differ between IFG, MTG, and sham stimulations, the associative facilitation effect was diminished under MTG stimulation. Analyses of latency distributions suggest this pattern to result from a response reversal. Associative facilitation occurred for faster responses, whereas associative interference resulted in slower responses under MTG stimulation. This reduction of the associative facilitation effect under transcranial direct current stimulation may be caused by an unspecific overactivation in the lexicon or by promoting competition among associatively related representations. Taken together, the results suggest that the MTG is especially involved in the processes underlying associative facilitation and that semantic interference and associative facilitation are linked to differential activation in the brain.
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De Deyne, Simon, Steven Verheyen e Gert Storms. "The role of corpus size and syntax in deriving lexico-semantic representations for a wide range of concepts". Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 68, n.º 8 (agosto de 2015): 1643–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2014.994098.
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Kovrigina, Larisa V. "Prevention of Prerequisites for Spelling Disorders in Children with Speech Underdevelopment". Journal of Pedagogical Innovations, n.º 1 (3 de abril de 2023): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.15293/1812-9463.2301.09.
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Among the topical issues of modern Russian speech therapy, a special place is occupied by the study of the problem of specific school failure (dysorphography), the study of which is objectified by an increasing number of students who are unable to fully assimilate the spelling norms of Russian writing. The problem of dysorphography is realized by speech therapists not only at the stage of school education, when the violation of the spelling norm formation process becomes obvious, but also at the stage of the formation of written speech, when we can talk about a propaedeutic approach to identifying and preventing this problem. In modern Russian speech therapy, the concept of writing is considered as a complex conscious form of speech and speech activity. The whole way of mastering speech forms in children as a practical awareness of not only the sound form of the word, but also the practical mastery of lexico-semantic and lexico-morphological representations, which are the most important prerequisites for a child’s readiness to learn spelling and grammar of writing. The purpose of this study is to identify the mechanisms of the unavailability of children with speech underdevelopment to master the basic prerequisites of orthographically literate writing and ways to prevent them.
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Burdun, Svetlana Vladimirovna, e Tatiana Aleksandrovna Yepatko. "The lexico-semantic embodiment of the commander image in the texts of historical, campaign, and military-domestic songs of the Kuban Line Cossacks". Philology. Theory & Practice 17, n.º 11 (18 de novembro de 2024): 4030–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240568.
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The study aims to identify the features of the lexico-semantic realization of the commander image in the texts of historical, campaign, and military-domestic songs of the Kuban Line Cossacks. The article analyzes the texts of the songs as a mega-text embodying the Cossack representations of their military leader. The study identifies the key semantic components of the image: the commander is always at the center of “his own” space, fulfilling the role of a father for ordinary Cossacks, he leads the warriors, is inseparable from his detachment, faces danger, and is a victor and hero. The commander is an active speech personality: he inspires before battle, gives commands, calms during battle, educates, bequeaths love for his homeland, and, mortally wounded, asks to be carried from the battlefield. The study highlights the commander’s characteristics such as speed, strength, daring, and renown. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that the image of the Cossack commander in this aspect is examined for the first time using the example of regional Kuban folklore. The study reveals that the image of the military leader embodies the Cossacks’ notions of the ideal warrior, respected and loved by his subordinates.
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HOGEWEG, LOTTE, e AGUSTIN VICENTE. "On the nature of the lexicon: The status of rich lexical meanings". Journal of Linguistics 56, n.º 4 (novembro de 2020): 865–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226720000316.
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Both in linguistics and in psycholinguistics there is some debate about how rich or thin lexico-semantic representations are. Traditionally, in formal semantics but also in philosophy of language as well as in cognitive pragmatics, lexical meanings have been thought to be simple stable denotations or functions. In this paper, we present and discuss a number of interpretational phenomena of which the analysis proposed in the literature makes crucial use of rich meanings. The phenomena in question are cases where the assignment of truth-conditional contents to utterances seems to follow rules that do not operate on simple stable denotations or any other kind of ‘thin’ meanings but where composition takes rich structured representations as input. We also discuss problems for such accounts, which are mostly based on the inability of extant rich meanings accounts to explain many other interpretational phenomena, and we discuss the solutions that have been proposed to solve them. Furthermore, we address the discussion whether the informationally rich meanings are part of semantics, and more specifically part of the lexicon, or whether this information should be ascribed to more general world knowledge.
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Sidorova, Elizaveta Nikolaevna, e Larisa Georgievna Popova. "The concept of "gardening": lexicographic representation of its notional component". Litera, n.º 11 (novembro de 2023): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2023.11.68864.
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In this article, special attention is paid to the analysis of the lexicographic representation of the concept of "gardening", which is the subject of research, while the object of research is to study the verbalization of the concept of "gardening". The concept of "gardening" is considered as one of a number of concepts that make up a more complex concept of "Englishness". The purpose of the article is to determine the core and periphery of the concept of "gardening", as well as a thorough analysis of its lexical representation in various lexicographic sources. In this study, the authors relied on explanatory dictionaries and a dictionary of synonyms of the English language, namely its British version. The novelty of the research lies in the fact that the representations of the linguistic and cultural components of the concept "gardening" were analyzed on the material of explanatory dictionaries and synonyms in order to clarify the lexico-semantic explication of its notional component. Having studied the obtained meanings of synonyms and the nuclear lexeme of the concept "gardening" on the basis of dictionaries, it can be concluded that the notional component of the concept can be represented in the following forms: plant study; preparation and use of soil for growing plants in the garden; landscape design of a garden or park; arrangement of gardens or parks; decorative gardening; planting plants; floriculture.
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Panov, Victor I., Eduard V. Patrakov, Lioudmila I. Batourina, Rodrigo F. Frogeri e Coman Claudiu. "Students' social representations of risks in interacting with the Internet: cross-cultural aspect (Russia, Brazil, Romania)". Perspectives of Science and Education 51, n.º 3 (1 de julho de 2021): 10–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.32744/pse.2021.3.1.
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Problem and purpose. Along with the obvious benefits, the digitalization of society carries its own risks. At the same time, in modern psychology there is not enough information about the differences in representations of such risks in different cultures. The purpose of the article is to empirically verify the assumption about the dependence of risk perceptions on the socio-cultural context. Methodology. The empirical part of the study was carried out through questionnaires, collected in different universities in three countries during academic and scientific visits (Russia: n = 112, Romania: n = 94, Brazil: n = 98) and drafting the evaluation reports of social risks perceptions (Abric coefficient). During the translation of the questionnaires, we used the focus group method and the method of translation of psychodiagnostic tools and questionnaires (S.V. Kudrya). Results. The data obtained showed that perceptions of risks depend on general perceptions of risks in the culture of a given country, legislation in the field of Internet security, as well as the duration and experience of interaction in social networks of the Internet. Thus, the" core " of the social representation of Russian and Romanian students about the results of risky behavior on the Internet are unproductive behavior in the information environment (TCP-92); demonstration of indifference (TCP-78) or aggressiveness (TCP-75), and for the Brazilian sample, the demonstration of psychological affliction is more typical (TCP-65). In addition, the lexical-semantic analysis of terms and concepts in the field of riskology used for empirical survey of students showed the presence of semantic cross-cultural differences in their understanding. Discussion and conclusion. The data obtained allow us to say that social perceptions of risks are influenced by socio-cultural and legislative peculiarities: the empirical part of the study showed a clear difference between the “core” and “periphery” both in the cross-cultural dimension and within the country samples. The lexico-semantic analysis of risk-generating behavioral patterns and ideas about risks showed cultural (linguistic) differences in this area and the need not only for adaptation and verification of diagnostic tools, but also for clarifying the meaning of various risk factors in the verbal plan.
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CHINCOTTA, DINO, e GEOFFREY UNDERWOOD. "Non temporal determinants of bilingual memory capacity: The role of long-term representations and fluency". Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1, n.º 2 (agosto de 1998): 117–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728998000248.
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Two experiments examine the view that the variation in bilingual short-term memory capacity is determined by differential rates of subvocal rehearsal between the languages. Auditory memory span and articulation time were measured for three bilingual groups who spoke Finnish at home and Swedish at school (FS), and either Finnish (FF) or Swedish (SS) in both the home and the school. The results of Experiment 1 indicate that memory span for words varied in a lawful manner as a function of both articulation time and language dominance for SS and FF. For FS, however, an equivalent memory span between the languages was noted despite a shorter articulation time in Finnish than Swedish. Experiment 2 found that for items with no pre-existing lexical representations (nonwords), articulation time was a more reliable predictor of memory span than language dominance for all three groups. The finding that within-language memory span was greater for short items than long items shows that, ceteris paribus, bilingual short-term memory capacity is sensitive to the effects of word length in both the dominant and non-dominant language. Taken together, these findings moderate the view that bilingual short-term memory capacity is mediated exclusively by subvocal rehearsal and indicate an influential contribution from factors related to language fluency and the strength of lexico-semantic representations.
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Dogan, Merve G., e Vladimir P. Sinyachkin. "Linguistic and cultural specificity of the image of Russian man in the short po-ems and poems of the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran (lexico-semantic aspect)". Philological Sciences. Scientific Essays of Higher Education, n.º 6s (novembro de 2023): 154–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.20339/phs.6s-23.154.
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The article is devoted to the study of short poems and poems by the Turkish poet Nazim Hikmet Ran (1902–1963), reflecting the images of Russian man. Russian’s image is represented in the works of the Turkish poet; observations, representations and impressions of the Turkish poet about the Soviet people of the first half of the 20th century are analyzed in the article; the languacultural specifity of the image of the Russian people are studied; the correlation of the image of the Russian man created by the Turkish poet with the archetypes of Soviet culture is revealed. The purpose of this article is to identify the languacultural specificity of the image of Russian people in the work of Nazim Hikmet Ran. The research material was short poems and poems written by the poet during his stay in the Soviet Russia in the period 1921–1928 and his emigration to the USSR in the period 1951–1963. The research methods of this article are lexico-semantic analysis, languacultural analysis, complex analysis and observation method. As a result of the analysis of the texts of short poems and poems by Nazim Hikmet Ran, lexical units that construct the image of a Russian person in the poetic picture of the world of the Turkish poet are revealed.
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Rashid S., Alikaev, e Unatlokov Vyacheslav Kh. "V.I. Abaev's linguophilosophical concept and ossetian-kabardino-balkarian ideosemantic parallels". Kavkazologiya 2024, n.º 1 (30 de março de 2024): 334–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.31143/2542-212x-2024-1-334-352.
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The article is devoted to the linguophilosophical concept of the outstanding Russian theorist, his-torian and philosopher of language, the largest Iranian scholar Vasily Ivanovich Abaev. The as-pects of the author’s linguophilosophical concept are presented based on two works by V.I. Abaev: “Reflection of the work of consciousness in the lexico-semantic system of language” (1970) and “Language as ideology and language as technique” (1934). In these works, he pays special atten-tion to the problem of the origin of human language. The theory of the origin of language itself, in his opinion, should be based on an optimal scientific theory that proceeds from the correct theo-retical premises and is consistent with the available empirical data. To explain the origin of a lan-guage, it is not the grammar of the language that is important, but the subject–significant vocabu-lary, as he believes that the origin of vocabulary is a single and integral problem, and the origin of grammar is inevitably divided into several particular issues. Language, according to V.I.Abaev, arose not from biological, but from the social needs of a person, from the need to relate things to their collective, to impose their own “brand” on them. Special attention is paid to the concept of ideosemantics, firstly introduced by V.I. Abaev in-to scientific circulation. He distinguishes two types of semantics: small semantics (or signal, technical), which includes a mandatory minimum of semantic functions that determine the mod-ern communicative use of the word, and large semantics, which is the sum of those concomitant cognitive and emotional representations that reflect the complex inner life of the word in its past and present. He defined this broader understanding of semantics by the term “ideosemantics”. Id-eosemantics, according to V. Abaev, is the most important criterion for the historical characteriza-tion of linguistic phenomena. V. Abaev sees the value of language at an early stage of its for-mation in its “ethnodemarkation function”. In conclusion, the article presents ideosemantic parallels in three genetically and structurally diverse languages: Ossetian, Kabardino-Circassian and Karachay-Balkar.
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Tameryan, Tatiana Yu, Irina A. Zyubina e Marina R. Zheltukhina. "Polycode as a Strategic Resource of Intercultural Communication". RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 13, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2022): 750–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2022-13-3-750-768.
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The study discusses the application of adaptive strategies in the process of cultural integration under the conditions of multilingualism, taking into account the dynamics of aggregation of foreign cultural elements in the linguistic consciousness of foreigners. The study was carried out in an interdisciplinary plane, integrating the developments of psycholinguistics, communication theory, linguoculturology and sociolinguistics. The work is based on the basic methods of conducting a free associative experiment, lexico-semantic analysis of the received reactions, contextual analysis and interpretation of verbal associations, interlingual comparison techniques, conceptual modeling techniques and linguistic and cultural commentary. The relevance of the research is due to the importance of the interactive interaction of languages and cultures that form the civilizational communicative space. The novelty of the undertaken research is related to the identification of the role of the multilingual cultural landscape as a translator of ethnic and national values by scanning the slices of the introduction of foreign cultural language segments into the linguistic consciousness of foreign students. The article is aimed at monitoring the multilingual diversity and the strategic repertoire of learning new foreign languages in the multicultural environment of the host country based on the data obtained as a result of a free associative experiment using the «adaptation in the country and region of education» stimulus. The results of the study indicate that the reactions to a complex stimulus obtained in a phased experiment made it possible to identify a core universal for the phased dynamics of adaptation in the structure of the field model of the associative layer of the concept and describe the content of cognitive features formed by the reactions. The analysis of verbal representations demonstrated the motivation for the use of communicative response strategies by foreigners and the specifics of embedding in a foreign cultural environment.
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Bespalova, E. A. "Ways to Neutralize Gender Attribution of Phraseological Units (Based on Media Texts)". Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Linguistics and Pedagogy 13, n.º 1 (14 de agosto de 2023): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21869/2223-151x-2023-13-1-37-44.
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The article is devoted to the analysis of cases of neutralization of gender attribution of phraseological units in their live use in modern media speech. Russian Russian phraseology The aim of the work is to study the dynamics of ideas about the masculine and feminine gender in Russian phraseology based on the identification of forms of neutralization of gender attribution, their classification and analysis of the noted transformations when using stable combinations in newspaper texts of the National Corpus of the Russian language. The following research methods are used in the work: continuous sampling method, observation of language material, lexicographic, lexico-semantic and contextual analysis, classification, analysis, generalization. Three ways of neutralization of gender attribution of phraseological units are considered: neutralization of gender at the level of dictionary definitions (indication of kinship with a person as a whole, without gender differentiation: Ivan, who does not remember kinship), neutralization at the grammatical level (compatibility with the object of the opposite grammatical gender: sleeping beauty), the use of phraseological turnover in relation to the person of the opposite pola (free Cossack). It is shown that, despite the strength of gender stereotypes in the linguistic consciousness, they are not frozen: gender representations change in the process of social development, which is expressed in the transformation of semantics and the compatibility of gender-marked phraseological units, rethinking their one-line connection with masculinity / femininity.The identification of ways to neutralize the gender attribution of phraseological units contributes to the study of gender manifestations in phraseology. The description of modern phraseological usage is important from the point of view of ascertaining the constancy in the linguistic consciousness of established gender stereotypes and shifts in their perception, as well as the accumulation of data on the mechanisms of functioning of idiomatics and the development of phraseological meaning.
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Koss, Evgeniya Valerievna, e Olga Dmitrievna Parshina. "Representation of a man’s appearance by the naming unit дядя ‘uncle’ in modern Russian". Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, n.º 10 (6 de outubro de 2023): 3422–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230527.
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The aim of the study is to identify the semantic and pragmatic features of the representation of a man’s appearance by the naming unit дядя ‘uncle’ in modern Russian. The scientific novelty of the paper consists in an attempt to present the features of implementation of the lexico-semantic variant ‘an unrelated male with certain physical characteristics’ of the word ‘uncle’ to create a complete lexicographic portrait of the word дядя based on a systemic integral approach involving the language material of the Russian National Corpus. As a result, it has been found that the specified lexico-semantic variant of the word дядя shows a low frequency in modern Russian, it was most actively used in the 1930s. In the composition of the considered lexico-semantic variant, there are three semes: ‘height’, ‘physique’ and ‘strength’, this variant in most cases is realised with the help of their combinations, the most frequent one being ‘height’ + ‘physique’. Dictionary data is not always supported by language material: the attribute сильный ‘strong’ proposed by most dictionaries shows a low frequency in the language material. The implementation of the lexico-semantic variant under consideration always occurs explicitly with the help of lexical, stylistic, grammatical (morphological (affixation) and syntactic (parcelling)) and punctuation (commas between the attributes that the author considers homogeneous) means.
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Veale, Tony. "Re-representation and creative analogy: A lexico-semantic perspective". New Generation Computing 24, n.º 3 (setembro de 2006): 223–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03037333.
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CIOLAC, ANTONIA. ""Dezvoltarea câmpului lexico-semantic cu nucleul semantic „sânge” în cinci limbi romanice"". Studii și cercetări lingvistice 2022, n.º 2 (julho de 2022): 181–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.59277/scl.2022.2.03.
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"Through the contrastive compositional analysis (using the notions of sem and archisememe) of the (macro)thematic field with the semantic center „blood” in five romance languages, we discover a set of contrastive features. One is that they develop the field using synonymy, polysemy and sems, both inside the European and the American varieties. A second one is that they possess specific thematic fields, present in some of these languages, as well as specific phrases, alongside with a series of general or particular sets of equivalence, grouped by two or more languages. A third feature is that lexical statistics, that we calculated on basis of our lexicographic corpus, shows that, in the considered field, the quantitative importance of representation for these languages, with approximate values, is as follows: Spanish (115 phrases), Italian (80 phrases), French (50 phrases), Portuguese (40 phrases) and Romanian (26 phrases)."
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Shanayev, Ruslan U., Bayan U. Joldasbekova, Inkar T. Kakilbayeva, Alexander G. Kovalenko e Zhadyra A. Bayanbayeva. "Mythologism of Modern Kazakhstani Prose: Lexico-Semantic Aspect". RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 14, n.º 1 (30 de março de 2023): 208–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2023-14-1-208-230.
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The research attempts to determine the nature of mythologism in modern prose of Kazakhstan, to explain the use of myths in the novels by Abdizhamil Nurpeisov, A. Zhaksylykov and N. Verevochkin, which are representatives of the spiritual and intellectual stream in the modern literary process. The subject of the authors’ research is the multifunctionality of myth, its semantics and structure-forming function in the works of Kazakhstani prose writers of the late XXth - early XXI centuries. In the first part of the article, the main attention is paid to the mythopoetics of A. Nurpeisov’s dilogy “Last Duty”, the interpretation of mythologeme and the meaning of the actions of the protagonist, which we consider as a mythological hero. The second part is devoted to the analysis of the mythological plot of Aslan Zhaksylykov’s novel “Singing Stones”, the interpretation of the symbolism of the sacred stone Yin-Yang. The next section deals with the novel of Nikolai Verevochkin, which we treat as a myth-novel.
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Harbera, I. V. "CONFLICTOGENICITY OF LEXICO-SEMANTIC FIELDS OF UKRAINIAN AND ENGLISH PHRASEOLOGY". Opera in linguistica ukrainiana, n.º 29 (9 de novembro de 2022): 36–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2414-0627.2022.29.262343.
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The aim of the article is to outline the main lexico-semantic fields on the material of Ukrainian and English phraseology, which serve to indicate the various components of conflict interaction within the Ukrainian and English societies. The object of research is conflictogenic phraseology of Ukrainian and English languages, the subject is those phraseological units that describe verbal conflict, physical conflict, other types of conflict and the context of the conflict. For the analysis of the material, methods of continuous sampling (for selection from the relevant authoritative dictionaries of conflictogenic phraseology) and lexicosemantic fields (for selection and ideographic description of the main lexicosemantic fields of conflict on the material of Ukrainian and English phraseology) were used. As a result, the definition of conflictogenicity of the phraseological unit is given; the main lexico-semantic fields of conflictogenic Ukrainian- and English-language phraseology are singled out and described; conclusions are made about the peculiarities of the implementation of conflict in the material of Ukrainian/English phraseology. It can be stated that: 1) Ukrainian and English languages equally demonstrate strong potential for the creation, functioning and use of conflictogenic phraseological units, which confirms the symmetrical separation of Ukrainian and English-language phraseological lexico-semantic fields such as “Verbal Conflict”, “Physical Conflict”, “Hybrid Conflict”, “Conflict Context”); 2) despite certain common features and universal patterns in terms of phraseological representation of conflict semantics, we observe different, unique characteristic of only one of the analyzed different system languages. In the future, we plan to explore in more detail the selected lexico-semantic fields – dividing them into lexico-semantic groups, subgroups, be sure to also involve the contexts of use of phraseological units.
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Klepalchenko, Igor Alekseevich, e Olga Nikolaevna Osadchaia. "Lexico-semantic explication of the notional component of the conceptual triad MERCY – INDIFFERENCE – CRUELTY in Russian and English". Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 16, n.º 12 (25 de dezembro de 2023): 4364–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20230661.
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The work aims to clarify the specifics of the notional representation of the conceptual triad MERCY – INDIFFERENCE – CRUELTY in Russian and English. The paper carries out a deeper analysis of the nature of interaction between the constituents of the triad under consideration to gain a better understanding of how the studied concepts in their interrelation are perceived by representatives of the compared linguistic cultures. The research is novel in that it is the first in linguistics to study the notional representation of the concepts MERCY, INDIFFERENCE, CRUELTY from the perspective of a systemic triad in Russian and English in comparison. It is revealed that the studied concepts, along with universal properties, exhibit the individual ethnic nature of relationships in the linguistic cultures under consideration. The study found that the Russian linguistic worldview confirms the essence of the triadic relations of mercy, indifference and cruelty, in which these concepts have points of interconnection. In English linguistic culture, mercy is contrasted with a dyadic tandem of indifference and cruelty, the boundary between which is not so clearly visualized, leading to one state merging into the other under certain circumstances.
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Kozlova, Viktoriia, e Hanna Tarasenko. "LEXICO-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF REPRESENTATION OF ETHNIC TOLERANCE IN MODERN AMERICAN PRESIDENTIAL DISCOURSE". Naukovì zapiski Nacìonalʹnogo unìversitetu «Ostrozʹka akademìâ». Serìâ «Fìlologìâ» 1, n.º 10(78) (27 de fevereiro de 2020): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.25264/2519-2558-2020-10(78)-75-79.
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The paper focuses on the investigation of lexical-semantic features of ethnic tolerance representation in modern American presidential discourse. Linguistic studios interpret tolerance as a universal category that forms communication, affects its mechanisms and results. In this paper ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse is defined as a compliance of the addresser and addressee of the presidential discourse with the ethical model of interethnic relations and popularization of this model that aims at society consolidation. Ethnic tolerance is manifested through an unbiased assessment, acceptance of different worldviews, faiths and cultures, awareness of equal rights and respect for democratic freedoms. The set of semantic components of the concept of tolerance in the English language is distinguished and four lexico-semantic groups representing ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse: “culture of the alien”, “cooperation”, “attitude to the alien”, “right to independence” are identified. These groups are singled out given the dominance of semantic components of tolerance which denote the object of tolerance, the form of relations with the object of tolerance, the attitude to the object of tolerance and the right of the object of tolerance. The verbal representation of ethnic tolerance in American presidential discourse is characterized by non-categoricity, the use of plural first person pronouns and vocabulary with positive and negative connotation to emphasize positive intentions towards other states and nations. Taking into account the functional and stylistic components, the language means of ethnic tolerance are represented by political, legal and diplomatic terminology. The analysis of the lexico-semantic means that represent ethnic tolerance in modern American presidential discourse makes it possible to identify the basic value of this type of discourse and clarify the main features of the implementation of the ethnic tolerant behaviour.
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Blynova, Iryna. "USE OF STYLISTIC MEANS OF COMIC CATEGORY AT THE LEXICO-SEMANTIC LEVEL: FIGURES OF QUANTITY". Scientific Journal of Polonia University 47, n.º 4 (17 de janeiro de 2022): 8–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.23856/4701.
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The article deals with the study of linguo-stylistic means of the comic category representation at the lexico-semantic level. Modern English prose is characterized by a specific comic modality, which is a characteristic feature of the author’s individual style. The leading means of the lexico-semantic level, that contribute to the realization of the comic effect in belles-letters texts, have been analyzed. The material of research is the English-language prose works of small forms by the most prominent writers, such as: K. Barry, K. Vonnegut, R. Carver and R. Dahl. The aforementioned authors use hyperbolization, which is introduced by means of similes, indefinite pronouns, nouns formed from numerals (in the process of numeralization), temporal and spatial adverbs, a set of lexical units with negative colouring, adjectives in the superlative degree of comparison, modal verbs in the negative form, emphatic constructions.
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Kochnоva, Kseniya. "LEXICO-SEMANTIC FIELD AS A MEANS OF REPRESENTATION OF THE WRITER’S LINGUISTIC WORLDVIEW". Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series "Humanitarian and Social Sciences", n.º 6 (20 de dezembro de 2015): 125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.17238/issn2227-6564.2015.6.125.
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Feliksov, S. V. "Nouns of religious semantics on -nie in the Russian language of the XVIII century: lexico-grammatical and semantic aspects of analysis". Vestnik of Samara University. History, pedagogics, philology 28, n.º 1 (13 de abril de 2022): 111–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18287/2542-0445-2022-28-1-111-119.
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The article deals with the history of religious style formation in the Russian language. In the article in the lexico-grammatical and semantic aspects, the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie are considered, recorded in the XVIII century Russian lexicographic works of civil press, which provide detailed representation of confessional vocabulary: The Church Dictionary by archpriest Peter Alekseev (17731794), The Short Slavic Dictionary by abbot Evgeny (Romanov) (1784) and The Dictionary of the Russian Academy (17891794). The relevance of the study is due to the absence to date of special linguistic studies related to the study of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie, as well as functional significance of this class of words for the formation of religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century. The work used methods of stylistic, grammatical, thematic, etymological analysis, as well as methods of semantic field and component analysis of dictionary definitions. In the course of the study, the semantic features of religionyms-substances on -nie were described, their lexico-grammatical categories and thematic groups were described, within the framework of these groups neoplasms of the 18th century were revealed. It is shown that the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie firmly took their place in the lexical system of the religious style of the Russian language of the XVIII century, expressing both specific and non-specific (abstract and collective) lexico-grammatical meanings. It has been established that most of the derivatives considered belong to the lexico-grammatical category of abstract names denoting an abstract positive or negative action in spiritual and moral terms. At the same time, it was noted that the semantics of the names of nouns of religious semantics on -nie in the Russian language of the XVIII century was in a state of its active formation, characterized in most cases by complexity, which is manifested in the presence of several partial not only homogeneous, but also heterogeneous types of lexico-semantic meanings.
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Golosova, Ekaterina Aleksandrovna. "Verbs ‘работать’ (to work) and ‘делать’ (to do) in N. S. Dashevskaya’s individual style: A pragmasemantic aspect". Philology. Issues of Theory and Practice 17, n.º 2 (7 de fevereiro de 2024): 326–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30853/phil20240045.
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The aim of the research is to characterize the author’s pragmatic attitude related to the use of lexemes belonging to the lexico-semantic group of verbs naming work activities in general (‘работать’ (to work), ‘делать’ (to do)) in the texts of N. S. Dashevskaya’s novellas; to determine the reasons for the preference for the lexeme ‘делать’ and the specifics of its functioning in the texts under study. The research is original in that it is the first to examine the functioning of the verbs ‘работать’ and ‘делать’ as units belonging to the lexico-semantic group ‘Work activities’ to comprehend the author’s pragmatic attitudes in a text addressed to children or adolescents. The research findings showed that the author’s reference to the specified lexico-semantic group is associated with the wide collocability of the verb ‘делать’, which affects its general linguistic use, and with the features specific to the texts of children’s and youth literature. Phraseological units and set expressions that include the lexeme ‘делать’ make it possible to describe the specific behavioral features of a child or adolescent protagonist, the grammatical compatibility of the lexeme with direct additions naming academic disciplines (‘делать алгебру’ (to do algebra homework), ‘делать проект’ (to do a project)) serves as a reliable representation of the ordinary life of schoolchildren, which emphasizes the realism of N. S. Dashevskaya’s novellas.
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Slyambekov, K. "GRAMMATICAL REPRESENTATION OF THE CATEGORY OF MODALITY IN THE KAZAKH LANGUAGE". Tiltanym 86, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2022): 83–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2022-2-83-94.
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The category of modality expresses the speaker’s attitude to the connection that he establishes between the content of a given utterance and reality, i.e., attitude to attitude. This article examines the category of modality as a phenomenon of grammatical forms and its representation. The analysis of the features of modal words, mood, modal verb forms in the transmission of modal meaning is carried out. And we are also talking about the specifics of modal meaning in other Turkic languages, including the semantic differences between the languages of Kazakh and Karakalpak. Opinions are given regarding the allocation of modal words as a lexico-semantic class.The category of modality can be considered both in morphological and syntactic, as well as in lexical aspect. The modal meaning is first expressed in grammatical forms. The article will touch upon the most frequently used language techniques in creating modal meaning, as well as the features of the transmission of modal meaning in moods. There are many grammatical ways to convey modal meaning, including purely grammatical and lexico-grammatical, morphological and syntactic techniques. Modality can be defined as a complex category that can be conveyed syntactically, morphologically and lexically. Although the article considers grammatical representative models of giving modal meaning, morphological approaches are becoming increasingly important. Syntactic approaches will be discussed briefly. In our opinion, syntactic methods of transmitting modal meaning are becoming increasingly associated with extralinguistic factors.
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Rebrina, Larisa N. "LEXICAL-SEMANTIC REPRESENTATION OF SOLIDARITY THROUGH COLLOCATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN AND GERMAN LANGUAGES". Sovremennye issledovaniya sotsialnykh problem 14, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2022): 168–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2077-1770-2022-14-2-168-190.
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Purpose. The study is aimed at determining the general and linguocultural specific characteristics of the lexico-semantic representation of the phenomenon of solidarity in the Russian and German linguocultures through a multi-aspect analysis of verb collocations.
Methodology. Collocations are considered as statistically stable phrases that reflect the language usage as well as the native speakers’ concept of solidarity. The structure, internal and external transitivity / intransitivity, objectivity, subjectivity, seriality, structural-semantic models, thematic codes, pragmatic component of the meaning of collocations are described. The established characteristics of the lexical-semantic representation of solidarity in two linguistic cultures are compared. The descriptive, comparative method, structural-semantic modeling, semantic, distributive analysis, classification method, quantitative calculations are used.
Results. The vector nature of the keywords interlingual correspondence, the predominance of a positive presentation of solidarity in both languages are established; differences in the presentation of solidarity situations as initiated by the subject / involuntary, in frequency subject codes and a tendency to form a series of collocations, in lexical-semantic differentiation of various solidarity situations and grounds for a negative assessment of solidarity are identified.
Practical implications. The results can be used in lexicographic practice, in research on related topics; in university courses on lexicology and semantics.
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Shliakhova, Galina I. "Lexico-semantic sphere of mentality in poetic texts of Igor-Severyanin". Vestnik slavianskikh kul’tur [Bulletin of Slavic Cultures] 63 (2022): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.37816/2073-9567-2022-63-208-220.
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The paper highlights the development of mental semantics in polysemic words in Igor Severyanin`s poetry. The vocabulary of the mental sphere is studied by Russian and foreign scientists, specialists in the field of semantics and related disciplines, since it is through its use that the worldview of nations and their representatives, native speakers, is reflected in language. Frequent use of a word’s figurative mental meaning in language makes such a lexico-semantic variant (LSV) commonplace, and leads to the fixation of this new seme in the explanatory dictionary. However, fictional (especially poetic) speech is characterized by greater variability of meanings. Via the author's word use in poems, words that do not have a common mental meaning develop a new semantics existing in a specific context. Severyanin is a poet who assigns an important place to the mental sphere vocabulary in his works, which makes them quite illustrative. Some words that do not have a mental seme according to their dictionary meanings acquire it in context and turn out to be the author's means of artistic expression and semantic neologisms. In a number of other cases, the opposite phenomenon is observed: in the context lexemes lose their usual mental meaning.
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Chervony, Aleksandr M., Julia M. Demonova e Evguenia A. Murashova. "Lexico-grammatical peculiarities of expressing indefinite semantic subject in russian and english". Revista Amazonia Investiga 10, n.º 45 (29 de outubro de 2021): 302–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34069/ai/2021.45.09.30.
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The aim of the study is to investigate the means of representation of the indefinitely expressed subject in Russian and English for the purpose of structuring and classifying the linguistic means of its expression. As the basis for investigation we chose the fictional text of the novel by M. A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita” and its parallel translation to English. In the paper we used the method of semantic analysis, contextual component analysis, comparative analysis and the method of linguistic modelling. The scientific novelty of the study consists in the results of the comparative analysis which show that there exist symmetrical and asymmetrical forms of expressing formally indefinite semantic subject. Symmetrical means of implicit expressing semantic subject is mostly nominalization. Generalized subject can be expressed either symmetrically or asymmetrically by various syntactic constructions in Russian and English. Asymmetrical means of expressing semantic subject can be traced in the syntactic constructions of different kind which are represented by binary oppositions. As a result of the research it has been found that the preferred ways of expressing indefinite semantic subject in Russian are indefinite pronouns; in English – passive constructions.
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Bolshakova, Natalia V., e Maya I. Muratova. "Representation of mystical reality in the mythological narrative". Vestnik of Kostroma State University 29, n.º 2 (12 de outubro de 2023): 135–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.34216/1998-0817-2023-29-2-135-140.
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The article is devoted to the category of reality in the communicative behaviour of the narrator in the mythological narrative. The problem is investigated on the material of more than 800 texts of mythological stories from the collection of the folklore and ethnographic archive of Pskov State University. Two levels of indicators were identified by a continuous sampling of narrative means of representing reality. The dominant marker of the zone of reality of the first level was the word truth with its lexico-semantic, modal and syntactic intensifiers, which create a semantic context for the nuclear name. The second level of indicators of event reality is expressed by means of assurance formulas: honestly, by God, and the use of alternative type phrases: (either) true or false, (either) truth or not. The “zero” indicator of the reality of an irrational event in the narrator’s discourse can be explained both by the emotional and psychological mood of the narrator and by the communicative behaviour of the listener (collector of folklore). Conclusions on the dominance of lexemes as representatives of the zone of reality have been verified using electronic means.
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Fefelov, A. F. "The Lexico-Semantic Field of Post-Truth in Socio-Political Discourse". NSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication 21, n.º 2 (9 de setembro de 2023): 120–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/1818-7935-2023-21-2-120-136.
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The purpose of the review article is to identify conceptualizations of the post-truth era in the English-language socio-political communication, based on the key vocabulary of a number of reviews and sources representing the component post-truth in the media. The object of the analysis is lexical representation of the component post-truth in the media. The subject matter of the analysis is conceptual interpretation of the post-truth component in such relevant phrases as post-truth era (or politics, world of politics, politicians, society, age, knowledge and power, condition, campaign, etc.) in various authorial sources. The Russian equivalents of truth in the item post-truth are reliability (достоверность), accuracy (точность), credibility (доверие); in the media the phrase post-truth comes to mean ‘to abandon or neglect the principles of objectivity and reliability’. It has been shown that in the USA and UK socio-political field expert assessments and interpretations of the claim itself are contradictory and are often marked with skepticism. It is clear, however, that it cannot be taken literally and that in science and education discourse, with the exception of history, it manifests itself differently: in close relation to scientific rational truths or facts, but not to daily factual truths described by H. Arendt. Also, specific sets of key words are used to describe manifestations of post-truth in the media and science. “Fake news” and election campaigns don’t seem to be the major features of the post-truther media. Instead, the concepts bullshit by H. Frankfurt and post-truth game by S. Fuller are competing for this role; however, they can’t be regarded as elaborated formal rhetorical schema either. Yu.Shatin alone made a pertinent and significant attempt to describe the new post-truther rhetoric. The specialist literature review shows that the media post-truth discourse is actually a manifestation of a deep crisis in the ‘canonical’ democracy, a reflection of its agonal state in the American-British vocabulary and narratives. The paper emphasizes that this kind of discourse has not only a home dimension, but also a foreign policy one and, consequently, internal and external addressing. Its reception in Russia is distorted due to remoteness of observers, which does not allow them to see how fakes and the new post-truth vocabulary are actually interpreted by the agents in the process of intra- or intercultural confrontation.
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Nikolaev, E. "On dialectical peculiarities of the Yakut traditional game “hayakh khostohor”". Turkic Studies Journal 3, n.º 3 (2021): 65–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2664-5157-2021-3-65-73.
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The article considers the dialectical unit of the lexico-thematic group, which is of interest for study as a linguistic object in integration with materials on the traditional culture and life of the Yakuts. In the article, the author conducts a linguoculturological interpretation of the semantics of the name of the game. The relevance of the topic is because the lexico-thematic group «Dialectical names of Yakut traditional children’s games» had not previously been subjected to special study as a linguistic object. The aim of the study is to identify the dialectical features of the semantic field of the name of the Yakut traditional game “hayakh khostohor”. Research tasks: to reveal the dialectical nature of the semantics of the name of the game; to determine the semantic connection between general Yakut and dialect in the name of the game. The material for the research was bilingual explanatory dictionaries of the Yakut language, records of reports of complex expeditions of the early 20th century. The research used the following methods: linguoculturological analysis of the semantic structure of the lexeme; descriptive analysis using techniques for interpreting linguistic material. To identify semantics, the method of semantic identification is used. As a result, the dialect aspect of the semantic field of the name of the game “hayakh khostohor” was revealed. In the game, hayakh is used in two meanings: 1) “fermented fish”, the source of which is mainly the Vilyui dialect zone; 2) the title of the game defines the semantic connection of the dialect lexeme hayakh “fermented fish” with the general Yakut lexeme hayakh ‘oil’. A playful imitation of everyday life is a representation of two traditional occupations of the Yakuts (Sakha): cattle breeding – as a heritage from the ancient Turkic layer of vocabulary of cattle-breeding culture and fishing – as the creation of a northern Turkic (Yakut) gastronomic culture
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Malysheva, Mariia. "THE REPRESENTATION OF THE SEMANTIC FIELD ‘AGGRESSION’". Odessa National University Herald. Series: Philology 26, n.º 2(24) (22 de julho de 2022): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.18524/2307-8332.2021.2(24).251852.
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The paper is dedicated to the definition of the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the comparative study of its dictionary definitions, the associative field and the discourse in the network. The purpose of the research is to determine the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the comparative analysis of its dictionary definitions and associative field. The main tasks specified: 1) to form the lexical-semantic field of the lexeme ‘aggression’ on the basis of the dictionary definitions; 2) to develop the associative field of the lexeme-stimulus ‘aggression’ based on the based on the results of the associative experiment; 3) to expand the developed field structure according to the comparative analysis of the formed fields; 4) to clarify the structure of the lexical-semantic field ‘aggression’ using the material of the social media texts. The object of the research is the semantic content of the lexeme ‘aggression’, and the subject is the lexico-semantic and associative fields of the said lexeme. Lexicographic sources, the associative experiment and the Ukrainian-speaking segment of the social network Facebook as of 2021 serve as the main source base of the study. At the first stage, the lexicographic sources were analyzed, and it was discovered that the interpretation of aggression as an armed attack of one state towards another is primary. However, modern dictionaries extend the meaning of this lexeme to the area of human relationships and the environment. It was established that the physical component of the concept of aggression prevails in the dictionaries of synonyms, while the lexeme-stimulus ‘aggression’ isn’t present in the associative dictionaries. Taking this into account, the core and the periphery of the lexical-semantic field ‘aggression’ were defined. At the second stage, a linguistic associative experiment was carried out. The experiment involved 90 people, a total of 90 responses to the stimulus ‘aggression’ were obtained, 44 of which were unique. Based on those, the core and the periphery of the associative field ‘aggression’ were developed, taking into account the criteria of non-random association. At the third stage, the lexical-semantic and the associative fields were compared, and it was discovered that the dictionary definitions of the lexeme ‘aggression’ only partially correlate with the resulting associates. At the final stage, the discourse in the social networks was analyzed. Based on the comparative analysis of the vocabulary definitions, the associative experiment and the analysis of the social media texts, seven main lexical-semantic groups were identified, forming the lexical-semantic field of ‘aggression’: "Feelings", "Manifestation of feelings", "State of hostility", "Violent act", "Object of aggression", "Aggressor", "Colors". The proposed structure is subjective, therefore the improvement of the given lexical-semantic field is considered the next top priority.
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Bermúdez-Margaretto, Beatriz, David Beltrán, Yury Shtyrov, Alberto Dominguez e Fernando Cuetos. "Neurophysiological Correlates of Top-Down Phonological and Semantic Influence during the Orthographic Processing of Novel Visual Word-Forms". Brain Sciences 10, n.º 10 (9 de outubro de 2020): 717. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci10100717.
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The acquisition of new vocabulary is usually mediated by previous experience with language. In the visual domain, the representation of orthographically unfamiliar words at the phonological or conceptual levels may facilitate their orthographic learning. The neural correlates of this advantage were investigated by recording EEG activity during reading novel and familiar words across three different experiments (n = 22 each), manipulating the availability of previous knowledge on the novel written words. A different pattern of event-related potential (ERP) responses was found depending on the previous training, resembling cross-level top-down interactive effects during vocabulary acquisition. Thus, whereas previous phonological experience caused a modulation at the post-lexical stages of the visual recognition of novel written words (~520 ms), additional semantic training influenced their processing at a lexico-semantic stage (~320 ms). Moreover, early lexical differences (~180 ms) elicited in the absence of previous training did not emerge after both phonological and semantic training, reflecting similar orthographic processing and word-form access.
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Gaynanova, Dilyara R. "Lexico-Semantic Representation of the “Akcha” (Money) Concept in the Tatar Language (basing on G. Ibragimov’s works)". Dagestan State Pedagogical University. Journal. Social and Humanitarian Sciences 12, n.º 4 (15 de dezembro de 2018): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31161/1995-0667-2018-12-4-58-61.
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Bushueva, L. A. "The Frame of Love Affair and Its Representation in the Lexico-Semantic System of the Russian Language". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University 24, n.º 6 (29 de dezembro de 2022): 669–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2022-24-6-669-677.
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The article analyses the means of linguistic explication of the frame love affair in the Russian language. The data came from Russian etymological, explanatory, and derivational dictionaries. The concept was described through the paradigmatic, syntagmatic, and derivational peculiarities of the words that represent the concept. The concept was reconstructed as a frame with the following slots: aim, action, agent, counter-agent, patient, evaluation, and result. The aim of the research was to show how the words that name the act of love affair represent this cognitive frame model. The act of love affair proved to reject previous beliefs and feelings while replacing the former with the other. The agent violates fidelity in love, which is evaluated as violating the moral law. The frame is verbalized as the following slots: 1) the agent (traitor, cheater, adulterer/adulteress) is an insidious person who is in a legal relationship with the patient; 2) the act (to cheat on somebody, to commit adultery) is committed in secret and includes marital unfaithfulness and a change of partner; 3) the evaluation of the act and the agent (treacherous, unfaithful, adulterous) is negative. Several slots had no verbal expression but could be explicated from idioms and examples: 1) the patient is the spouse of the agent; 2) the counter-agent is the person the agent enters into an illegal relationship; 3) the result depends on the particular situation.
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Ablova, Natalia. "TYPES OF NICKNAMES, THEIR PRAGMATIC FUNCTIONS UND FEAATURES". Interexpo GEO-Siberia 5 (2019): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2618-981x-2019-5-159-166.
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Today, in the era of multiple names, there is a large number of terms for the informal nomination of a person. But despite the large number of linguistic works devoted to their research, there is no systematic understanding of all types of informal nominations of the person, their functions and features. Therefore, the article attempts to classify them and identify their pragmatic functions and lexico-semantic features. To this end, the sites of news portals, blogs, microblogs, entertainment forums were viewed, which presented the authentic use of nicknames by representatives of the German national cultural community.
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Rudova, Yuliya V. "Linguocultural Features of Body Representation (Exemplified by the Russian and English Humorous Discourse)". Vestnik of Northern (Arctic) Federal University. Series Humanitarian and Social Sciences, n.º 1 (1 de março de 2022): 90–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.37482/2687-1505-v158.
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The article focuses on exploring the specific features of body representation in Russian and English jokes. The purpose of the study was to identify linguocultural features of body representation in humorous discourse through analysing the meanings of the lexical unit body, which verbalizes the concept of body in the Russian and English languages. The lexico-semantic, conceptual and interpretative analyses revealed that this concept is represented in the linguistic worldviews of Russian and English linguocultures through common obligatory conceptual signs, such as materiality/tactility, integrity/ partibility and aliveness/deadness. It was established that the obligatory semantic (conceptual) sign of tactility is represented by verbs of perception and is common for both linguocultures, thus eliminating ambiguity in interpretation of jokes. The conceptual sign of integrity/partibility is expressed in the two linguocultures by nominating and redefining the functions of such body parts as the brain, face and liver in Russian linguoculture, and eyes, brain and liver in English linguoculture. The primary mean of representing the conceptual sign of integrity/partibility include metaphors, phraseological units, dark humour, as well as negative and evaluative judgements, all of which often lead to translation mistakes and communication failures. The semantic sign of aliveness/deadness is represented differently in the studied linguocultures. This can be accounted for by the fact that its linguoculture-specific representation mainly depends on contextual connotations and on the culture-specific ‘expected/unexpected’ effect, which is characteristic of humorous discourse.
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Shcherbina, Tatyana. "Representation of the Concept «Woman» in German Sports Discourse (Based on Sports Anecdotes)". Izvestia of Smolensk State University, n.º 1(57) (3 de julho de 2022): 122–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.35785/2072-9464-2022-57-1-122-135.
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This article examines some features of the representation of the concept «woman» in German sports discourse. The research is conducted on a specific section of this discourse, which is coloured by a humorous tone. For the linguocognitive
and linguocultural analysis of sports anecdotes, which we have selected as empirical material of this study, the following methods are used: discursive, component, con-
ceptual analysis, classification, observation, lexico-graphical and contextual study. The paper presents a working definition of sports discourse, describes its correlation with humorous discourse, identifies linguistic and narrative anecdotes or-
ganizing humorous communicative space. We have obtained new data on the semantic images of the concept «woman» in sports anecdotes and outlined the prospects for further research of this issue in German and in comparative aspect hrough com-
parison with other languages.
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Vasileva, Anna A. "Imperative Statements - one of the Forms of Representation of a Linguistic Personality". RUDN Journal of Language Studies, Semiotics and Semantics 12, n.º 1 (15 de dezembro de 2021): 185–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2299-2021-12-1-185-195.
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The article is devoted to the peculiarities of the functioning of imperative statements used in various situations of communication. The purpose of the article is to analyze the main imperative constructions in the context of the speech behavior of the linguistic personality of the main character of a literary text. The method of comparative analysis allows identify the features of the functioning of incentive tactics. This article is an overview of the research available in linguistics on issues related to imperativeness. A broad view of the concept of imperative allows to go beyond the established definitions and expand the field of modality of a literary text. The work examines the main semantic groups that clearly characterize the literary character as a linguistic person. The analysis of imperative incentive statements is viewed through the prism of purposeful communicative activity. A variety of means and ways of expressing imperative statements in the speech of the main character provide an opportunity to differentiate semantic nuances. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that for the first time on the material of the modern Russian novel The Geographer Drank His Globe Away by A. Ivanov, the main classes of expression of the semantics of motivation are analyzed. The study identified imperative and non-imperative, but expressing the urge to action, statements, means of lowering the imperative. The lexico-grammatical and syntactic constructions used in the speech of the main character, most common in pedagogical and everyday discourses, are analyzed. The research results are presented as a functional-semantic space.
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DIOUF, Dr Ngar. "Dynamiques sociolinguistiques du français au Sénégal : analyse lexico-sémantique du langage des élèves de l’enseignement moyen-secondair". Afrosciences Antiquity Sunu Xalaat 1, n.º 4 (6 de dezembro de 2024): 361–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.61585/pud-asasx-v1n423.
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Abstract. Being the official language of Senegal and the means of teaching of the country’s educational system, French is one of the languages chosen by the students during their daily interactions in schools and during courses. Yet, it represents their second or third language. Learnt at school (but sometimes also in the streets or at home: through the media) after the acquisition of one or several languages, French is a language whose practices by students show observable lexical-semantic specificities. Those specificities are likely a function of the student’s sociolinguistic profile, of his representation of that language, and his communication habits. The goal of this study is to analyze and interpret spoken French of that social stratum by laying the stress on the lexical-semantic dimension of that language. This work in internal Sociolinguistics falls within the theoretical framework of sociolinguistic variation in a multicultural and multilingual context. Mots-clés : Français parlé, Sénégal, élèves, analyse lexico-sémantique, dynamiques sociolinguistiques. Keywords: Spoken French, Senegal, students, lexical-semantic analysis, sociolinguistic dynamics.
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Elder, Chi-Hé. "Metalinguistic conditionals and the role of explicit content". Linguistics 57, n.º 6 (18 de novembro de 2019): 1337–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ling-2019-0029.
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Abstract This paper aims to bridge the relationship between metalinguistic if you like as a non-propositional discourse marker and its conditional counterparts. This paper claims that metalinguistic if you like is polysemous between a hedge that denotes the speaker’s reduced commitment to some aspect of the main clause, and an optional yet potential conditional reading that interlocutors can legitimately draw on in interaction which is brought about due to the ‘if p, q’ sentence form. That is, although the metalinguistic reading is most likely obtained automatically by default, it also carries an available conditional reading that is akin to other metalinguistic conditional clauses such as if you see what I mean. Next, a semantic representation of metalinguistic if you like is developed that takes on board a characterization of conditionality that departs from lexico-grammatical conventions, such that conditionals of the form ‘if p, q’ no longer bear a one-to-one correspondence with “conditional” truth conditions. Employing a radical contextualist semantic framework in which the unit of truth-conditional analysis is not constrained to the sentence form, utterances employing metalinguistic if you like are given a semantic representation such that the if-clause does not contribute propositional content, yet they also maintain their status as conditionals as the sentence form gives rise to a potential conditional secondary meaning.