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1
Farley, Peter M. "Local Authorities' Use of Private Law". Adoption & Fostering 15, n.º 2 (julho de 1991): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030857599101500208.
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Bix, Brian, e Adam Tomkins. "Local Authorities and Libel Again". Modern Law Review 56, n.º 5 (setembro de 1993): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1993.tb01902.x.
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Masson, Judith, e Sheelagh Morton. "THE USE OF WARDSHIP BY LOCAL AUTHORITIES". Modern Law Review 52, n.º 6 (novembro de 1989): 762–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2230.1989.tb02627.x.
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Kusiak-Winter, Renata. "Frame Agreement For Cross-Border Cooperation Between Local Authorities". Wroclaw Review of Law, Administration & Economics 9, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2019): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/wrlae-2019-0012.
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Abstract The cross-border cooperation of local authorities, taken up based on the administrative law of each of the states, is marked by both integrating factors that refer to the similarities of the applicable system of law and separating factors arising from the principle of territoriality of administrative law. The frame agreement is a smart solution (a smart tool) of cross-border cooperation, because it enables cooperating territorial self-government units to conduct a unique operation of ‘recompensing’ separating factors with integrating factors.
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Meredith, Paul. "The fall and rise of local education authorities". Liverpool Law Review 20, n.º 1 (março de 1998): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02786459.
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McLean, Hazel. "Defective Or Dangerous Premises—Limitation and Local Authorities". Cambridge Law Journal 46, n.º 1 (março de 1987): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300113479.
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Bosworth, Tony. "Local authorities and sustainable development". European Environment 3, n.º 1 (6 de julho de 2007): 13–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/eet.3320030106.
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Shagoyko, Evgeniy Yu. "On Redistribution of Powers between Local Self-Government Authorities and Government Authorities of a Constituent Entity of the Russian Federation". Constitutional and municipal law 10 (22 de outubro de 2020): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1812-3767-2020-10-71-75.
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The article examines and analyzes the practice of applying the provisions of the Federal Law No. 136-ФЗ of 27.05.2014 “On Amendments to Article 26.3 of the Federal Law “On General Principles of Organization of Legislative (Representative) and Executive Government Authorities of the Constituent Entities of the Russian Federation” and the Federal Law “On general principles of the organization of local government in the Russian Federation” regarding the redistribution of powers between local authorities and state authorities of a constituent entity of the Russian Federation; an attempt was made to formulate typical problems as a result of law enforcement in the specified area.
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Dobrzhanska, Iryna. "THE IMPACT OF THE GENDER QUOTA LAW ON LOCAL AUTHORITIES". BULLETIN OF CHERNIVTSI INSTITUTE OF TRADE AND ECONOMICS IV, n.º 84 (24 de dezembro de 2021): 8–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.34025/2310-8185-2021-4.84.01.
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The change in the political status of Ukraine in the modern world, and its transformation into an independent state has led to a conscious redistribution of social roles in Ukrainian society. There is an objective need to change the traditional functional role division between men and women, which doesn’t diminish the reluctance or inability of society to realize this need. The article presents research and analysis of the state policy of local government authorities using the law on gender quotas as new amendments to the Electoral Code of Ukraine. The relevance of this topic is in being little studied and needs its own analysis by studying all the nuances of the impact of the law regarding gender quotas on the work of local authorities, identifying priorities and shortcomings. The purpose of the article is to analyze the project of implementation and change of the state policy of local governments using the law on gender quotas, advantages and disadvantages. In the process of research, the following general scientific theoretical methods were used: systems analysis - to clarify the main categories of research; abstract-logical method - for the implementation of theoretical generalizations and conclusions about the essence of the impact of the law regarding gender quotas on the work of local authorities, its effectiveness and features. The article presents the results of changes in the electoral process in Ukraine, namely the introduction of gender quotas in the electoral lists of political parties and how personnel changes have taken place in local authorities. The peculiarity of the application and result of the introduction of gender quotas in the electoral process by different political parties and what changes have occurred as a result of changes in the last elections to local authorities for women have been studied. The author analyzed the effectiveness and impact of the law on gender quotas. The positive changes and shortcomings of this law and how it changed women's representation in the work of local authorities are indicated. The object of the study is the influence of the law on gender quotas, as the latest subject of the last local elections. The subject of the research is the concept of "gender quotas", features of their influence and functioning in Ukraine. As the law is not perfect and Ukrainian society continues to live in the remnants of patriarchal society in terms of the women’s role in politics, especially at the level of local and regional councils, this topic remains prospective for further study.
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Duliba, Yevhenia. "The peculiarities of organization of activity of local executive authorities and local self-government authorities during the martial law". Aktual’ni problemi pravoznavstva 1, n.º 4 (2022): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/app2022.04.046.
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Derets, V. A. "Administartive law principles' of the reform of local executive authorities". Yearly journal of scientific articles “Pravova derzhava” 30 (2019): 312–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33663/0869-2491-2019-30-312-319.
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binti Mohd, Elina, Zainal Amin Ayub e Haslinda binti Mohd Anuar. "Regulatory Barriers in Collecting Assessment Rates Arrears of Local Authorities in Malaysia". Journal of Social Sciences Research, SPI6 (25 de dezembro de 2018): 1049–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32861/jssr.spi6.1049.1055.
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Assessment rate is the only local tax form in Malaysia and it is a main source of income for local authorities. It is also may be considered as a potential source of income to replace grants from the Federal Government. Revenue from assessment rates is crucial for the local authorities to pay for services and maintenance in the local authority administrative areas, as well as for their effective administration and service delivery system. However, arrears of assessment rates of local authorities in Malaysia have become national issues and it becomes more challenging over time to recover the arrears. Local authorities are faced with various issues and problems in collecting and enforcing arrears of assessment rates. Thus, it is the aims of this study to examine the problems of rate assessment arrears collection and to identify regulatory barriers in collecting assessment rates arrears amongst local authorities. The scope of the study however is limited to the local authorities in the northern region of Malaysia only. The study employs socio-legal research where apart from library based research, questionnaires were distributed to legal officers, valuation officers and accountants from various department of local authorities. This study finds that the amount of revenue collected is decreasing due to loopholes of the law and ineffective enforcement of the law by local authorities. It is also found that the local authorities’ officers lack of understanding of the law and procedures on the collection of assessment rates arrears. It is suggested that the law should be amended and the training should be provided for the improvement of the assessment rate collection.
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Sabadash, N. "Tax authorities of local government bodies: regulatory consolidation and practice of implementation of these authorities". Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, n.º 3 (18 de julho de 2023): 68–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2023.03.12.
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The article analyzed the regulatory consolidation of tax powers of local self-government bodies, as well as the practices of implementing these powers. The article provides a whole series of decisions from law enforcement practice, which testify to the complexity and unresolved issue of the procedure for the local self-government body to exercise its powers in terms of making decisions on approving the rates of local taxes and/or fees or changes and publishing this information. In particular, the analysis of the relevant decisions of the Supreme Court and regulatory material allowed us to distinguish three ways of publicizing the decision by the local self government body: posting on the bulletin board, on the official website of the village council, in the mass media. At the same time, the question arises - if in mass media, then which ones? Nationwide or local distribution? Analysis of law enforcement practice did not provide answers to these questions. Also, as confirmation of the absence of a single established practice of application on this issue, it is worth noting the presence of a separate opinion of the judges of the Supreme Court in the composition of 4 judges. In our opinion, the decision of the Joint Chamber of the Administrative Court of Cassation should have resolved the dispute surrounding the procedure for publicizing the decisions of local self-government bodies related to tax relations. At the same time, this decision does not prescribe the publication of decisions of local self-government bodies, which are implemented in accordance with subsection 12.3.4 of clause 12.3 of article 12, clause 12.5 of article 12, clause 271.2 of article 271 of the Tax Code of Ukraine. So, for example, these are such situations as the period during which the relevant decision must be published on the official website of the city council from the moment of its adoption, the relationship or mutual exclusivity between such methods of publication as posting on the bulletin board, on the official website of the village council, in the means mass information (of various spheres of distribution) and other cases. We believe that these issues can become the subject of further scientific research, as well as the conclusions provided by law enforcement practice.
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Wright, Fiona. "Sound Check: Bylaws, Busking and the Local Government Act 2002". Victoria University of Wellington Law Review 36, n.º 1 (1 de maio de 2005): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/vuwlr.v36i1.5595.
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This article examines the law-making powers of local authorities under the Local Government Act 2002. It argues that there are insufficient checks and balances on local government law-making, which may lead to local government powers being misused. It also criticises the Act's processes of bylaw enactment and review, arguing that they may encourage local authorities to abandon bylaws in favour of the new power of general competence, under which local authorities can operate beyond the relative safety of many existing checks and balances.
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Buchan, Jamie, e Katrina Morrison. "Compromise, partnership, control: Community Justice Authorities in Scotland". Criminology & Criminal Justice 20, n.º 2 (29 de novembro de 2018): 226–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748895818814903.
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Community Justice Authorities (CJAs) were heralded on their inception as modernizing Scotland’s community justice system and resolving longstanding tensions between central and local government over community justice control, by encouraging partnership working and providing oversight at a regional level. However, they were largely unsuccessful and were quietly abolished barely a decade later. Using data from two projects, we analyse the policy ‘narrative’ of CJAs in relation to features of a changing political context – particularly the (re-)establishment of Scotland’s national government, its shifting relationship with local government and policy convergence and divergence with England and Wales. CJAs’ origins in local/national compromise created constitutional flaws which constrained their operation and ultimately sealed their fate, but they nonetheless began to develop distinct identities and contributions which have been largely overlooked. The case of CJAs illustrates how evolving local and national political contexts shape the development of justice institutions.
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Biancarelli, Jacques. "La Communauté et les collectivités locales". Revue française d'administration publique 48, n.º 1 (1988): 41–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/rfap.1988.2103.
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Local Authorities and the EEC. Local authorities have become fully subject to EEC law. This article explains their new obligations, including tendering procedure, hiring policy and economie intervention, as well as new legal and Financial rights. It further examines the complexity of EEC/local authority relations, since EEC law ambivalently provides for interventionist means to attain non-interventionist ends, and covers the resulting conflicts arising in certain member countries between national govemment and local authorities over respective areas of responsibility : to date ail have been settled in favor of central government. It also shows how local authorities have become a key issue in shaping the European Community since both the EEC and member governments seem reluctant to facing up to powerful, independent authorities by 1993.
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O'Sullivan, Janet. "Nuisance, local authorities and neighbours from hell". Cambridge Law Journal 59, n.º 1 (março de 2000): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197300250010.
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ONE of the most difficult current problems for tort lawyers is the extent to which the normal rules of tort, developed over decades of litigation between private individuals, should apply in undiluted form to local and other public authorities. Most individuals have never seen a child drowning in a puddle or about to walk off a cliff, and would not hesitate to help them if they did, but public authorities, empowered by Parliament, are faced every day with the delicate and expensive task of protecting others from harm. It has become all too apparent, as the courts (domestic and European) grapple with the thorny question of when a common law duty of care should exist in the context of the careless exercise of, or failure to exercise, statutory powers, that the ordinary rules of negligence liability need considerable refinement to operate sensibly in such a political field. Moreover those difficulties and differences do not disappear merely because a tort other than negligence is involved, and this has been amply illustrated in three recent cases, each involving actions against local authorities in the tort of nuisance.
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Vilela, Noemia Rute Peres de Bessa, e José Caramelo Gomes. "Local Authorities and the Burden of Safeguarding Human Rights". Lex localis - Journal of Local Self-Government 17, n.º 3 (25 de julho de 2019): 837–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4335/17.3.837-852(2019).
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The role of Local Self-Government is essential for the promotion and protection of Human Rights. In the EU, regardless of all States being bind to the same sources of law in such matter, the intervention of the local authorities dependents on the functions to those attributed by the National Constitution. The engagement with of Human Rights of the local authorities may be looked as an obligation, based on legal reasoning that links the local authorities to the broader State to act. Although the primary responsibility for the promotion and protection of human rights rests with the State, the promotion of a human rights culture within local public services plays a vital role in promoting respect for and the realization of human rights in the society.
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Bukhanevych, O. M., e O. V. Zabozhchuk. "Military administrations and local authorities: distribution of powers under martial law". Legal position, n.º 1 (2023): 110–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32782/2521-6473.2023-1.21.
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Salgado Carvalho, Daniela, e Teresa Fidélis. "Confronting environmental perceptions of local populations and local authorities". Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 20, n.º 5 (7 de agosto de 2009): 538–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14777830910981212.
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SHugrina, YEkatyerina. "Reauthorization of Local Issues in Law Enforcement Practice". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Humanities and Social Sciences 8, n.º 2 (16 de maio de 2024): 187–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2542-1840-2024-8-2-187-194.
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This research featured norms that provide an opportunity to redistribute matters of local significance from local government bodies to state authorities. The Federal Law on Organization of Local Governance (2014) provides an algorithm for this procedure. However, it has received poor scientific attention, as has the current law enforcement practice in the corresponding category of cases. The present analysis of the regional and court decisions shows that the state authorities tend to act chaotically in exercising their discretionary powers. Reauthorization has received no criteria of expediency and effectiveness so far. The examples from law enforcement practice are not in favor of local government and violate the constitutional principle of trust in the government (Constitution of the Russian Federation, Article 75.1). Reauthorization prevents local governments from long-term development strategizing of their municipalities. Both the laws of the subjects of the Russian Federation and the law enforcement practice show that reauthorization in its current form contradicts the constitutional principles of maintaining trust in the government, thus reducing the power of local governments.
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Briggs, Mike, e Adi Cooper. "Making Safeguarding Personal: progress of English local authorities". Journal of Adult Protection 20, n.º 1 (12 de fevereiro de 2018): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jap-09-2017-0032.
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Purpose The paper reports on the findings of a survey of 115 (76 per cent) of English local authorities in 2016 which compared progress on the implementation of the Making Safeguarding Personal (MSP) approach in local authorities through their Adult Social Care departments and in relation to their area Safeguarding Adults Boards (SABs) and partner organisations. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the survey in relation to personalised social care and its impact on organisations, their staff and service users, and conclude with wider implications and recommendations for further work. Design/methodology/approach A series of guided interviews were conducted with safeguarding leads from a sample comprising of 115 (76 per cent) of English local authorities during May and June 2016. The sample was randomly picked and balanced to give a fair representation of the different types of councils. The interviews were conducted by a team of five people. All interviewers had in-depth experience of adult safeguarding and were currently practicing independent chairs of SABs. The interviewers followed a prepared schedule consisting of a mixture of open and closed questions. All interviews were held over the phone and averaged one-hour duration. Findings The results pointed to the impression that the majority of local authorities had completed the first step of introducing MSP, i.e. they had trained their workers and modified their systems. Most local authorities were moving into the next phase of embedding user-focussed work into their practice and culture, and were at various points along that journey. However, most had still to engage partner organisations beyond a mere acceptance of MSP as “a good thing”. Research limitations/implications The research has wide ranging implications for organisations and their workers in the field of adult safeguarding based on its findings. Its limitations are that only organisational leaders and managers were interviewed, although reference is extensively made to initiatives that engage service users. The authors acknowledged the possible bias of interviewees when judging the performance of their own service and attempted to moderate their views in the final report. Practical implications The report references many practical implications to improve the practice of adult safeguarding in an attempt to make it more person-centred. Examples of good practice are given and recommendations are made to organisations. Social implications It is recognised that there are many people who may be at risk of harm through their environmental, personal, age or disability-related situations. In improving the way that services respond to their needs, they will be made to feel safer and their lives enhanced. Originality/value This original research follows up previous research in the preceding year. It is the widest ranging in its coverage of 76 per cent of English local authorities. Its value is that it measures progress towards full implementation of MSP; reports information and views from safeguarding leaders; and makes 20 recommendations to improve the implementation of MSP within local authorities, SABs and their partners.
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Thornton, Rosy. "Homelessness through relationship breakdown: The local authorities' response". Journal of Social Welfare Law 11, n.º 2 (março de 1989): 67–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09649068908415364.
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Tiopan, Demson, Shelly Kurniawan e Stevie Stevie. "An ideal relationship between central and regional authorities in Indonesia: The 1945 constitution perspective". Technium Social Sciences Journal 44 (9 de junho de 2023): 716–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.47577/tssj.v44i1.8887.
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Indonesian central and regional government relationship often changes along with domestic political development and people’s needs. Law no. 1/1945 contained the concept of Indonesia’s autonomy with people’s sovereignty, and Law no. 22 of 1948 contained the concept of ‘the broadest economy.’ During the 1950 Provisional Constitution era, Law no. 1/1957 and Law no. 6/159 contained the concept of real and broadest autonomy. During the 1945 Constitution in New Order Era, presidential decree No. 6 of 1959 stipulated the real and broadest autonomy, in addition to Law no. 18/ 1965 with a similar concept and deconcentration principle, Law no. 5 /1974 on real and responsible autonomy, stipulating that decentralization is equally important to deconcentration, Law no. No. 22 of 1999 stipulated the real and broadest autonomy, in addition to Law no. 32/2004 on the amendment of real autonomy. Law no. 23 of 2014 tends to adhere to the deconcentration principle. This normative legal study employed secondary data sources, including the 1945 Constitution, Law no. 22/1999 on local government, Law no. 32/2004 on local government, Law no. 23/2014 on local government, Law no. 9/2015 on the second amendment of Law no. 23/2014 on local government, and relevant books, articles, and papers.
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Wesley Lane, Simon. "Fraud in London local authorities: a comparative appraisal". Journal of Financial Crime 17, n.º 4 (12 de outubro de 2010): 387–403. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13590791011082751.
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Drozdov, Denis E. "Representative of the authorities in criminal law". Current Issues of the State and Law, n.º 3 (2023): 379–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2023-7-3-379-385.
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The representative of the authorities concept in the criminal law of the Russian Federation is researched. Being key for a significant number of crimes, understanding its essence, content, and specific features eliminates problems in the process of qualifying socially dangerous acts. The definition is analyzed taking into account the judicial interpretation that has emerged in Russia, contained in a number of the Russian Federation Supreme Court Plenums’ decisions. The features, prerequisites and the concept transformation patterns in criminal legislation are structured, taking into account the method of historicism. Various scientific approaches are studied and summarized, during which specific differences are established. The author’s definition is proposed, indicating key features, including the legality of the performance of duties, the limits of the exercise of power, and the generation of legal consequences. The approach to the dual understanding of a representative of the authorities is substantiated. The crimes provided for in Chapter 30 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (against state power, the interests of public service and service in local government bodies) reveal the essence of a representative of the authorities as a function. For crimes regulated by Chapter 32 of the Criminal Code of the Russian Federation (against the order of management), a representative of the authorities is defined as an official. Understanding a representative of the authorities as a function and as an official eliminates the contradictions existing in doctrine and judicial practice, since in one case the representative of the authorities acts as a subject of a crime, in another as a special victim.
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Crawford, Margaret, e William Stein. "Risk management in UK local authorities". International Journal of Public Sector Management 17, n.º 6 (outubro de 2004): 498–512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/09513550410554788.
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Mitityuk, Valentina M. "Legal Bases of Operations of Local Self-Government Authorities in Finland". State power and local self-government 1 (21 de janeiro de 2021): 58–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.18572/1813-1247-2021-1-58-60.
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Student of the Department of Municipal Law of the Law Institute of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR) This article examines the legal framework for the organization and functioning of local government in the Finnish Democratic Republic. The characteristic features inherent in the development of local self-government in such a Scandinavian country as Finland are analyzed. The active activity at the local level of government in the Republic of Finland is quite progressive. In Finland, local governments are decentralized and characterized by a high degree of autonomy and independence. Particular attention is paid to programs implemented in the communes. The conclusion is made about the productive influence of local authorities on the development of the state. The functions of local self-government bodies in various areas are discussed in detail. The article also pays special attention to the Association of Local and Regional Authorities of Finland, which provides the necessary assistance and protection to municipalities. Thus, close contact of local authorities with residents of communes has a positive impact not only on the development of municipalities, but also on the economic development of the entire state.
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Lukianova, Halyna, e Tetiana Bekerska. "Ensuring the functioning of society in activities of local governments under the legal regime of martial law". Visnik Nacional’nogo universitetu «Lvivska politehnika». Seria: Uridicni nauki 11, n.º 42 (24 de junho de 2024): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/law2024.42.082.
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The scientific article is devoted to the study of the activities of local self-government bodies during the period of martial law in ensuring the functioning of society, characterization of the concept, competence and features of local self-government bodies, and types of local selfgovernment bodies. The article examines the scientific and regulatory approaches to defining the most important functions of local authorities, in particular, ensuring the constitutional rights and security of citizens. Local self-government during the period of martial law faces many challenges on a daily basis. That is why this topic is extremely relevant and requires scientific substantiation and research. The decentralization reform has laid the foundation for the activities of competent local governments. However, the unjustified military aggression has changed the usual rhythm of work of regional and district councils, as well as local authorities. The peculiarity of this legal regime is the creation of temporary state bodies, including military authorities. They operate in parallel with autonomous local governments. However, there are cases when the military administration can assume the powers of local self-government bodies if the local council does not meet on time. Local self-government in Ukraine is a right guaranteed and enforced by the state and a territorial community – a voluntary association of residents of a village, villages or several villages, cities – to address local issues within the limits determined by the current legislation, may be formed independently or subordinated to officials and self-government bodies. Local self-government is designed to strengthen the foundations of the constitutional order of Ukraine, ensure the implementation of constitutional principles, human and civil rights, create conditions for meeting the vital needs and legitimate interests of citizens, and develop local democracy. During the legal regime of martial law, military authorities exercise the powers of local state authorities and part of local self-government bodies, as defined by the current legislation. Therefore, the role of local state authorities and local self-government bodies in ensuring the quality functioning of society is very important.
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Chikhladze, Levan T., e Olga Yu Ganina. "The place of local government bodies in a unified system of public government bodies of Russia: issues of theoretical implementation". RUDN Journal of Law 25, n.º 4 (15 de dezembro de 2021): 750–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2313-2337-2021-25-4-750-767.
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The introduction of amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation necessitated a theoretical understanding of the established legal norms after their legislative update. Inclusion in the text of the state basic law of the public authorities concept, which requires its theoretical understanding, is of unconditional interest. To identify the specifics of the position of local self-government bodies in the state mechanism, depending on a particular model of state governance, it is necessary to study the experience of organization and functioning of the state apparatus at various historical stages. The aim of the study is to analyze the concepts of theoretical scientists on the legal nature and role of public authorities in the life of the state and to determine the position of local authorities in the public authority system in connection with consolidation of their unity with public authorities in the basic law of the state. In the process of research, the authors used general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, as well as specific scientific methods - historical and comparative legal. It is concluded that, despite the novelty of the concept of public authorities in the text of the basic law of the state, conceptually it does not change the basis of the functional interaction of public authorities and local governments. Nevertheless, the normative consolidation of the unity of public authorities in the Constitution of the Russian Federation does not abolish the organizational separation of local self-government and its bodies from public authorities.
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Сомиков, К. А. "LEGAL ISSUES OF IMPLEMENTING CERTAIN POWERS OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT BODIES NOT REFERRED TO LOCAL MATTERS". Surgut State University Journal 12, n.º 1 (2024): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.35266/2949-3455-2024-1-12.
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The article discusses the legal issues of implementing certain powers of local self-government bodies that are not related to local matters, using the example of selecting places for convicts to serve corrective labor. The author revealed the incompetence of local self-government bodies regarding this power and the lack of legal tools for its effective implementation. The causes and conditions for such power occurrences are analyzed. The proposed example illustrates the shortcomings in law-making activities under the reformation of public authorities’ competence. The dynamics of changes in public authorities’ competence are reflected using comparative legal analysis as well as historical and political type of law interpretation. The author briefly analyzes a legal phenomenon similar to non-retroactivity, but relating to an existing regulation, which implementation is more complicated, rather than a regulation that has become invalid and is being applied.
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Chaba, Dawid. "COLLECTION AND REUSE OF DATA BY LOCAL GOVERNMENT AUTHORITIES". Roczniki Administracji i Prawa 4, n.º XXIII (31 de dezembro de 2023): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0054.2688.
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The Act on open data and the reuse of public sector information contains regulations for open data and principles and procedures for making available and providing public sector information for the purpose of reusing them. This act of law is consequential for entrepreneurs and businesses in terms of the creation of products and services based on artificial intelligence where various types of data are used, among others. The Act on open data and the reuse of public sector information significantly affects the collection and reuse of data by local government authorities. The reuse of data by local government authorities can take many forms. One of them is services related to applications based on the data or various legal information systems, maps, dictionaries, or calculators. The article analyses regulations in Polish legislation regarding the collection and reuse of data, particularly by local government authorities.
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Uvarov, Alexander Anatol'evich. "Local Government and Prosecutor’s Office: Problems of Legislative Regulation". Russian Journal of Legal Studies 6, n.º 1 (15 de dezembro de 2019): 172–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/rjls18493.
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On the basis of the analysis of legislation and juridical practice the article deals with the issues of optimization of the legal basis of interaction between local authorities and the prosecutor’s office. The purpose of this study is to solve the problems of legal regulation in the field of: implementation of prosecutorial supervision of law-making and other activities of local governments, cooperation of prosecutors and local authorities, assistance and assistance of prosecutors to local governments. The author examines the constitutional principles governing the activities of bodies of curator and local governments, their combination in areas of joint activity. At the same time it is concluded that the implementation of these principles is aimed, on the one hand, at the solution of state tasks to strengthen the rule of law, protection of human rights and freedoms and, on the other, - to expand the freedom and independence of local self-government. The article describes and classifies the forms of interaction between the prosecutor’s office and local authorities. Using the methods of scientific research (systematic, comparative legal, modeling, formal legal, etc.), the author comes to the conclusions about the insufficiency of the existing legal mechanism to optimize their joint activities on the issues of law-making and law enforcement, the need to supplement the current legislation with local forms of interaction initiated on the ground. The practical purpose of these and other conclusions is that they can be used in the preparation of relevant changes and additions to the federal legislation, as well as for educational purposes and practical work of the prosecutor’s office and local authorities.
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Soldatenko, Iryna. "Communication between the Government and the Public as a Factor in Lowering the Risk of Corruption". Access to Justice in Eastern Europe 6, n.º 1 (13 de fevereiro de 2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33327/ajee-18-6.1-a000123.
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What seems necessary to reduce corruption is not the imposition of anti-corruption policies, which has an influence, but the building of an anti-corruption culture to envisage rejection of corrupt practices both on the personal and at any level of state or local government. The public control of authorities, the request for which is formed by the anti-corruption culture, can be realised via well-running communications between the authorities and the public and their professional management. The authorities lacking transparency increases both the risks of corrupt practices and the faith in institutions being lost. The article describes the role communications have in implementing steps to get out of the loop of particularism and presents a plan for the implementation of the anti-corruption strategy in the field of public administration by Alina Mungiu-Pippidi. The role of communications in the implementation of Robert Klitgaard’s anti-corruption methodology based on the corruption formula is also presented: C = M + D-A /T, where M stands for monopoly, D is for discretion, and A/T is for accountability/transparency. The author presents the results of the ‘Islands of Integrity TM’ anti- corruption project, implemented by the United Nations Recovery and Peacebuilding Program and funded by the EU. In 2020, the ‘Islands of Integrity TM’ anti-corruption methodology was implemented in six communities of the Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (East part of Ukraine). The author of the article was involved in sociological research conducted in six communities of the Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (April-July 2020), which revealed a lack of public interest and confidence in the official channels to inform the population about the activities of local authorities. Local residents prefer to receive information about the activities of local authorities from informal channels of communication (including from local government officials) than from official sources. This leads to the spreading of rumours and defamation, which enhances the decline in the level of public trust. The reason for this is the low professional level of communications management, the lack of research on the media preferences of local residents, and, as a consequence, the inefficient communication activities of local authorities. This state of things requires an immediate reform of the communication strategies local authorities are currently using. Moreover, mandatory practices of informing the population about all actions of the authorities should be introduced, especially regarding the activities that are vulnerable to corruption. This will reduce the corruption vulnerability of local authorities to ensure communication support for anti-corruption methodologies and foster public control. In this article, the author will turn to the matter of building effective communications between the government and the public in Ukraine and determining the necessary conditions to reduce the risk of state corruption practices by means of communications.
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Brodie, Douglas. "Pubic authorities – negligence actions – control devices". Legal Studies 18, n.º 1 (março de 1998): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1748-121x.1998.tb00066.x.
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X (minors) v Bedfordshire County Council is by far the most important decision on the liability in negligence of public authorities since Anns v Merton London Borough Council. These two authorities, along with Dorset Yacht Co v Home Office, furnish the ground rules for such actions. The leading judgment in X v Bedfordshire CC, in which all his brethren concur, is given by Lord Browne- Wilkinson; the only other judgment being given by Lord Jauncey. The common thread running through this trilogy of cases is the emphasis on the significance of the element of discretion in the exercise of the statutory functions of a public authority: ‘Most statutes which impose a statutory duty on local authorities confer on the authority a discretion as to the extent to which, and the methods by which, such statutory duty is to be performed’.
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Golash-Boza, Tanya. "US Immigration Law Enforcement in the ICE Era". Current History 118, n.º 811 (1 de novembro de 2019): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2019.118.811.310.
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Brown, Hilary, e June Stein. "Monitoring adult protection referrals in 10 English local authorities". Journal of Adult Protection 2, n.º 3 (setembro de 2000): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/14668203200000020.
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PAVLIUK, Klavdiia, e Serhii BARTOSH. "Fiscal decentralization in Ukraine under martial law". Naukovi pratsi NDFI 2022, n.º 2 (21 de dezembro de 2022): 79–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.33763/npndfi2022.02.079.
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The article examines the role of fiscal decentralization in Ukraine during martial law in ensuring the vital activities of the state. On the basis of foreign sources, it has been determined that decentralization is not a one-way process that has a linear character and leads to ambiguous consequences, although it generally has a positive effect on indicators of macroeconomic development. Scientists usually associate its success with the stabilization of the socio-economic situation, ensuring the high quality of local budgets and budget management, transparency of the budget process. It was found that decentralization in our country took place in the turbulent conditions of the hybrid war unleashed by Russia, as well as the global coronavirus pandemic. Despite this, positive results were achieved in strengthening the financial base of local authorities and self-government, and authoritative international organizations gave a high assessment of the decentralization process, including the fiscal one. The situation with the filling of local budgets during the war and the implementation of expenditures was analyzed, and the positive and contradictory consequences of the changes made to the relevant legislation were determined. The uncertain nature of the further development of events due to the impossibility of predicting the duration of active hostilities, the huge scale of destruction, the relocation of business, and the need for constant adjustment of the legal framework is emphasized. It was concluded that there is a need to develop a strategic document that would clearly outline all changes and innovations related to inter-budgetary relations and the relevant powers of local government and local authorities during the period of martial law. This would contribute to increasing the transparency of the budget process, would prevent the emergence of contradictions in the relations between central and local authorities and self-government.
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Ntoiti, Dr John, Prof Roselyn W. Gakure e Dr Gichuhi A. Waititu. "CONTRIBUTION OF GOVERNMENT REGULATIONS TO FINANCIAL DISTRESS FACING LOCAL AUTHORITIES IN KENYA". American Journal of Finance 1, n.º 3 (12 de janeiro de 2017): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.47672/ajf.128.
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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to establish the contributions of Government regulations to financial distress facing Local Authorities in Kenya.Methodology: A descriptive research design was used to conduct the study. The study population comprised of the 175 Local Authorities in Kenya. A sample of 20 Local Authorities was selected using a stratified random sampling technique. A questionnaire was used to collect data from both the Local Authorities officers and customers of Local Authorities. The data collected was analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Qualitative responses were analyzed using content analysis. Results: Results indicated that the government regulation on Local Authority was unfair and ineffective. Results further indicated that the inadequacy or biased government regulation contributed to financial distress in Local Authorities. Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The study recommended that, the sources of revenue that were taken away from the Local Authorities should be reverted back to them or the government to increase funding to LA’s. Officers also suggested that some of the Acts that divert funds to other ministries/departments should be reviewed. It was also recommended that a portion of corporation tax that is paid to the government should be devolved to LA’s. The Local Authorities also need to be given more powers to increase their sources of revenue. It was also recommended that perhaps the law should be amended to enable the setting up of an anticorruption committee at the Local Authority level. In addition, it was suggested that cap 265 should be amended so as to divorce politics from running of LA’s.Most importantly, it was recommended that the government should liaise with the Local Authorities and conduct comprehensive consultation on how a certain law would affect them before passing it. Further regulations and amendments to the existing laws should be critically examined to avoid watering the revenue base of the newly formed county governments.
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Djordjevic, Sasa, e Daryan Boykov. "FACTORS AFFECTING EU LOCAL SELF-GOVERNANCE SYSTEMS". Knowledge International Journal 28, n.º 6 (10 de dezembro de 2018): 2133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.35120/kij28062133s.
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Improved efficiency of execution of EU activities is more and more dependant from local and regional authorities’ capability of implementation of decisions and law to society. From one side it is connected with administrative and financial possibilities of local and regional level. One of the basic roles of decision making close to the citizens is larger accountability and responsibility, which leads to more effective use of public resources. Expectations are that decreasing of central control and acquisition of higher level of financial independence to regional and local authorities will improve efficiency.
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THOMPSON, DANIEL M. "How Partisan Is Local Law Enforcement? Evidence from Sheriff Cooperation with Immigration Authorities". American Political Science Review 114, n.º 1 (11 de novembro de 2019): 222–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003055419000613.
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Is local law enforcement conducted differently based on the party in power? I offer an answer to this question by focusing on a case in which law enforcement is elected and has meaningful independent discretion: sheriff compliance with federal requests to detain unauthorized immigrants. Using a regression discontinuity design in a new dataset of over 3,200 partisan sheriff elections and administrative data on sheriff behavior, I find that Democrats and Republicans comply at nearly the same rate. These results contribute to ongoing research into the role that partisanship plays in local policy making, indicating that law enforcement officers make similar choices across party lines even when they have broad authority. I also present evidence that sheriffs hold more similar immigration enforcement views across party than the general public, highlighting the role of candidate entry and selection in determining the level of partisan polarization.
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Casellas, Jason P., e Sophia Jordán Wallace. "Sanctuary Cities: Public Attitudes Toward Enforcement Collaboration Between Local Police and Federal Immigration Authorities". Urban Affairs Review 56, n.º 1 (30 de maio de 2018): 32–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1078087418776115.
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Local law enforcement has dramatically increased its cooperation with federal immigration enforcement, while other localities refuse to cooperate. Although scholars have examined how sanctuary cities may differ from other places in terms of crime rates, attitudes toward local law enforcement’s collaboration with federal immigration authorities remain understudied. We utilize original data from the 2016 Cooperative Congressional Election Survey (CCES) to study attitudes toward local/federal collaboration. Our results demonstrate that those who most recognize the racial advantage of Whites are significantly less likely to support collaboration between local police and federal authorities. Confirming prior work, our results also support the critical role of partisanship, nativity, and education in explaining attitudes toward sanctuary policies. Our findings have important implications for understanding attitudes toward immigration enforcement and policies.
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Hutchcroft, Ian. "Local authorities, universities and communities: Alliances for sustainability". Local Environment 1, n.º 2 (junho de 1996): 219–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549839608725494.
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Lialiuk, Oleksii. "Legal Regulation of the Competence of Local Self-Government in the Conditions of War in Ukraine". Problems of legality, n.º 160 (30 de março de 2023): 6–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21564/2414-990x.160.273170.
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The article is devoted to the issues of competence of local self-government and its bodies during the introduction of martial law, and also to the analysis of amendments to the legislation in the field of local self-government aimed at redistribution of powers in the system of local self-government, and also to the introduction of conditions for "lawful interference" of a number of other entities in the process of exercising by local self-government bodies of their powers. The subject matter of the study is public relations related to ensuring further guarantee of local self-government activities under martial law, inviolability of its powers, and prevention of arbitrariness or usurpation of local self-government powers by public authorities. The purpose of the article is to study the functional and competence sphere of local self-government and to assess the impact on it by public authorities. The study applies systemic-structural and structural-functional, formal-legal, prognostic methods, the method of generalization, as well as the methods of analysis and synthesis. The author examines the current legislation with a view to clearly establishing the conditions for exercising the powers granted to local self-government bodies, as well as the cases, grounds and mechanism under which public authorities may take over the powers of local self-government. The author analyzes the conditions and grounds for early termination of powers of local self-government bodies and the scope of exercise of local self-government powers by military administrations. The legislation is studied to determine the moment and grounds for the transfer of self-governing powers of local self-government to state authorities. It is determined that the impact on the local self-government system by public authorities should be commensurate with the conditions in which the State is currently operating. The author concludes that under martial law, the activities of local self-government should be carried out in accordance with the rules clearly defined by law and should not go beyond the powers granted to them. In case of violation of such rules by the State, appropriate adequate measures should be taken.
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Koropets, Nadezhda V. "Areas of Concern in Exercising the Reliable Heat Supply Management Powers by Local Self-Government Authorities". Energy Law Forum, n.º 3 (2023): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.61525/s231243500027976-1.
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The Law On Heat Supply grants local governments the authority to organize reliable heat supply. The problematic aspect of the implementation of this authority is, first of all, the fact that currently there is no uniform approach to the implementation of the authority of local governments to organize reliable heat supply in the legislation and law enforcement practice. The legislator does not specify what actions should be taken by the local government to ensure reliable heat supply. This article suggests to consider, on the basis of examples from court practice, the ways of implementing the local government’s authority to organize reliable heat supply, which are not mentioned in the Law On Heat Supply: the practice of the local government to subsidize heat supply organizations and heat consumers; the practice of the local government to establish legal entities, commercial organizations, which are engaged in activities on heat supply to consumers, and to exercise subsequent control; the practice of withdrawing and granting the status of a unified heat supply organization without observing the procedure established by law with reference to a man-made emergency. The identified problems lead to the conclusion that it is necessary to improve the current regulation. Formalization of the ways of implementation of the local government’s authority to organize reliable heat supply will significantly reduce the use of controversial practices of implementation of this authority by local governments, will make it impossible for law enforcers to interpret Article 6 of the Law On Heat Supply in a broad way, as well as to exclude the interference of the local government in the economic activities of heat supply organizations. All conclusions drawn by the author in this article are the subjective opinion of the author and do not reflect the official position of her employer.
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Forns i Fernández, Maria Victòria. "The Management of Local Social Services in Spain". A&C - Revista de Direito Administrativo & Constitucional 22, n.º 87 (10 de março de 2022): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21056/aec.v22i87.1585.
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This paper reviews the organizational, competency and delivery system of social services at local level, with emphasis on Catalonia, understanding that local authorities become the essential unit from which to deploy basic social services, thus responding to universality, proximity and decentralization and contributing to ensuring the welfare state.
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Zerbian, Tanya, Mags Adams, Mark Dooris e Ursula Pool. "The Role of Local Authorities in Shaping Local Food Systems". Sustainability 14, n.º 19 (22 de setembro de 2022): 12004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su141912004.
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Given the importance that current food-related challenges pose to our society, the potential of local food initiatives to address sustainability has gained increased attention. Nevertheless, research has increasingly demonstrated that local food initiatives are limited in fulfilling their sustainability potential. This realisation has led many scholars to argue that the path towards food system transformation needs to be based on interconnected networks of these ‘alternative’ practices—what this paper terms local food systems. Nevertheless, as many local food initiatives rely on funding and volunteer work, their capacity to create infrastructures for integrated approaches is limited. In this context, influential players—those who can provide resources, such as local authorities—become key in the assemblage of local food systems. However, there is limited understanding of how the role of local authorities affects the internal dynamics of local food systems and potential outcomes. This study addresses this research gap by analysing two case studies (Preston, England and Vitoria-Gasteiz, Basque Country). Using urban political ecology (UPE) as a theoretical framework, this study offers original insight into the key governance elements affecting the direction of local food systems and thus the alignment of diverse local food initiatives, limiting their sustainability potential.
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Модникова e Tatyana Modnikova. "TO THE QUESTION OF AUTONOMY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT IN MODERN RUSSIA". Central Russian Journal of Social Sciences 10, n.º 6 (27 de novembro de 2015): 197–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/16969.
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The article investigates the autonomy of local governments in addressing to issues of local importance in the modern science of constitutional and municipal law. The author shows the different approaches to this issue, analyzing the role of public authorities and their powers.
The author substantiates the Russian Federation as a sovereign state which has the right to provide adequate measures of responsibility of local authorities and elected officials of local self-government.
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Pilving, Ivo. "Requirements for Horizontal Cooperation Between Contracting Authorities". European Public Law 24, Issue 2 (1 de maio de 2018): 255–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/euro2018015.
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The principal purpose of the article at hand is to elucidate the conditions on which Member States’ public authorities – in particular, local authorities – are allowed, without observing the principles and rules that emanate from the EU’s procurement directives, to enter into cooperation agreements for the performance of public tasks. Based on the principle of administrative autonomy of Member States, the relevant conditions were initially elaborated by the European Court of Justice in the Stadtreinigung Hamburg ruling and the ensuing case law. By and large, these conditions are reflected in the 2014 procurement directives. The article concludes that the new directives, in several regards, expand the possibilities of using cooperation agreements. The main principle that restricts recourse to such agreements is the prohibition against abusing the resulting joint ventures to engage in business activities. Several questions are as yet in dispute and may come to require settlement by way of preliminary rulings from the European Court of Justice.
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Davis, Howard. "PUBLIC AUTHORITIES AS “VICTIMS” UNDER THE HUMAN RIGHTS ACT". Cambridge Law Journal 64, n.º 2 (7 de julho de 2005): 315–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197305006872.
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ONE feature of the current debate concerning the term “public authority” in the Human Rights Act 1998 is a rule to the effect that public authorities are not themselves capable of having and enforcing Convention rights. In what follows this will be referred to as the “rights-restriction rule”. The position was confirmed by the House of Lords in Aston Cantlow and has been given effect by the courts in relation to English local authorities and to NHS Trusts in Scotland. Despite this, doubts have been expressed. In particular the parliamentary Joint Committee has suggested, though without argument, that the denial of Convention rights to public authorities may be wrong in principle and that there are “circumstances in which public authorities have Convention rights”.