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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Land tenure Economic aspects Nigeria"
1
Adams, W. M. "Rural protest, land policy and the planning process on the Bakolori Project, Nigeria". Africa 58, n.º 3 (julho de 1988): 315–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1159803.
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Opening ParagraphIn the literature and accumulated folk wisdom of development in rural Africa there are numerous instances of government projects which are expensive, ineffective and unpopular. These include now classic failures of the past, such as the Tanganyika Groundnuts Scheme (Wood, 1950; Frankel, 1953), which are still cited as cautionary tales demonstrating the need for proper project appraisal. There are also numerous more recent examples, for the phenomenon of failure has persisted and governments and international agencies continue to implement schemes ‘little better planned than their more spectacularly misbegotten predecessors’ (Hill, 1978: 25). Among recent initiatives in sub-Saharan Africa the large-scale irrigation projects developed in northern Nigeria during the 1970s have attracted particularly extensive adverse criticism. This has focused on the social and economic impact of the introduction of irrigation and particularly on questions of land tenure (inter alia Wallace, 1979, 1980, 1981; Oculi, 1981; Adams, 1982, 1984; Palmer-Jones, 1984; Andrae and Beckman, 1985; Beckman, 1986). A number of accounts discuss technical aspects of the land survey carried out at Bakolori {Bird, 1981, 1984, 1985; Griffith, 1984), while others focus on economic problems (e.g. Etuk and Abalu, 1982). However, although economic and technical aspects of these developments have been criticised, it is the social impacts of project development and more particularly the political responses to those impacts which are of greatest interest (Wallace, 1980; Adams, 1984; Andrae and Beckman, 1985; Beckman, 1986). This paper examines the bature of the response of farmers affected by one of these schemes, the Bakolori Project in Sokoto State.
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Mkpado, Mmaduabuchukwu, e Opeyemi Ebenezer Omowole. "Coping strategies among female farmers in Ondo State, Nigeria during recent economic recession: What factors matter?" Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 53, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2020): 137–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2020-0014.
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AbstractEconomic recession often exacerbates the effects of poverty on agrarian communities in Nigeria. This paper examined the effects of economic recession on female farmers and coping strategies they employed. It explored the effects of the crisis on their income, farm size, livelihood and welfare aspects such as feeding, schooling of their children and health care. The study was conducted in Ondo State, Nigeria. Primary data were used. A multi-stage sampling technique was used to administer 100 copies of the questionnaires on females in rural agrarian households in the study area. The obtained data were analysed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and Likert scale analysis. The findings showed that the economic recession resulted in poor health care, inadequate feeding, poor income and school dropouts. Major factors that helped the women to cope were land ownership security/access to land, introduction of new crops, marital status and educational status. These factors are crucial as their Chi-square values and Likelihood Ratios were significant at one percent probability level (P < 0.01). The research concludes that educated females as well as married women and women possessing secured land tenure coped better in times of economic crisis. The paper thus recommends increased investments by governments in the agricultural sector to help curtail the inflation in food prices and increasing women access to land and education.
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Nwobi, J. C., e M. A. Alabi. "Access to Land and Legal Security of Tenure: Implications and Impact on Rural Development in Abia State, Nigeria". Journal of Physical Science and Environmental Studies 7, n.º 2 (28 de agosto de 2021): 15–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.36630/jpses_21004.
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In the rural and communal settings, land rights are culturally attached to indigenous peoples in Nigeria, especially the inhabitants of the southern part of the country. Culturally, the customary land tenure system has generic value and security in such ways that it could be transferred from one owner to owner without restrictions. Security of land tenure is a vital ingredient that enhances the transferability of greater altitudes of investment. The study adopted a random sampling method and selected 1,061 house-owners and administered a set of structured questionnaires that contained questions that probed into issues on their accessibility to land and legal security of tenure. Another set of questionnaires was differently designed to elicit information from other stakeholders (Land managers, Town planning Agencies, Community/Family Heads, etc). Data obtained from the primary source were subjected to empirical analysis. The data were also complemented by secondary data. The findings revealed the socio-economic characteristics of the house-owners, means and duration of the period of land acquisition, determinants of access to land, and the implications on the securing planning permission, construction of illegal structures and the quality of construction. Finally, the paper recommended that tenure security in customary areas can be enhanced through the formalization of customary tenure. Governments should facilitate this process, initially where there is a demand for formalization. There is a need to harmonize reform efforts across customary and statutory law, regulations. Keywords: Land, Access to Land, Security of Tenure, Statutory law, Customary law, Rural Land.
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DHARSANA, I. Made Pria, Indrasari KRESNADJAJA e I. Gusti Agung Jordika PRAMANDITYA. "Land Tenure of Small Islands and Coastal Areas in Economic and Defense Aspects". PRIZREN SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 5, n.º 2 (31 de agosto de 2021): 46–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.32936/pssj.v5i2.220.
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The question of the purpose of statehood hovers again to collect the pledges of the development actors. The goal to become a nation-state that provides a place and humane and proper way of life is still harassing residents of coastal areas and small islands as part of the natural resources bestowed by The One Almighty God to the Indonesian people. Coastal areas and outer small islands are national assets controlled by the state and need to be preserved and utilized as much as possible for the prosperity of the people, both for present and future generations and for the interests of defense and security. related to the threat of remote island tenure which by certain elements were transferred to the land tenure rights that should belong to the village customary land, but there was a process of transferring rights which were then held by foreigners with the argument related to economic issues that were less supportive in the area by nominee or by road rent that threatens the stability of national defense.
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Oladehinde, Gbenga J., e Lasun M. Olayiwola. "Land Tenure Security Perceptions Amongst Nigerian Rural Communities: A Case Of Atiba Local Government Area (Lga), Oyo State". Economic and Regional Studies / Studia Ekonomiczne i Regionalne 14, n.º 2 (1 de junho de 2021): 158–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ers-2021-0012.
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Abstract Subject and purpose of work: Security of tenure is observed as an underlying tool for measuring the development among communities of developing countries. Despite this, the issues related to peoples’ thinking or feelings as well as to what drives security of land tenure are poorly understood and inconclusive. This study examines the residents’ perception of security of land tenure in rural Nigeria. Materials and methods: A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 125 respondents from the study area by administering a questionnaire while key informants were subjected to an in-depth interview. Results: The data for the study were collected and analysed using content analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics. The study revealed that the perception of security of land tenure varies in the area studied and across the settlement categories. Further results showed that four factors such as income, length of stay, culture, and education were identified as major factors influencing the residents’ perception of the security of land tenure. Conclusions: The study concluded that socio-economic and cultural factors influence the residents’ perception of security of land tenure in the area researched.
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Palianychko, Nina. "TRENDS OF DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE OF FINANCIAL AND ECONOMIC INSTRUMENTS FUNCTIONING OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL LAND TENURE". Economic Analysis, n.º 27(1) (2017): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.35774/econa2017.01.067.
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Introduction. The uniqueness of the processes of land tenure development in Ukraine is conditioned by the presence of an optimum combination of conditions and factors. The profitability of crop depends on these factors. Among them we can distinguish the favourable combinations of soil and climatic conditions. But the situation is burdened by many crisis situation of industrial and economic, social and economic, ecological and economic nature that prevents a balanced development of the land tenure. The increase in production of certain crops and the profitability of crop sector has been achieved by reducing the natural fertility of the land. Economic gains are paid by the unbalanced structure of territorial management and fertilization, the use of old extensive technology. Correction requires existing the state administrative decisions and rational use of limited financial resources. It will be possible to achieve by improving environmental and economic mechanisms of sustainable land tenure. Specifically, the system needs improving financial and economic instruments, which aim to serve as the infrastructure for the entire system properly. Purpose. The article aims to identify the aspects of improving the system of financial and economic instruments within the ecological and economic mechanism as the infrastructure for sustainable agricultural land tenure implementation. Method (methodology). The method of analysis and synthesis, abstract and logical method, method of statistical analysis, graphic methods have been used in this research. Results. The development of environmental and economic mechanism of implementation of the strategy to ensure an acceptable level of agro ecological safety in Ukraine needs to study the system of economic instruments simultaneously perform infrastructure functions to achieve a balanced level of land use. The paper presents the scheme of ecological and economic mechanism of implementation strategies of land market regulation in Ukraine. According to this scheme it is made an attempt to separate the financial and economic instruments for motivation and encouragement of groups that perform infrastructure functions to ensure a balanced level of agricultural land. An important aspect of improving the ecological and economic mechanism for achieving an acceptable level of agro ecological safety in regions of any taxonomic level is the development and implementation of risk insurance instrument of agricultural land. It requires the development of theoretical and methodological aspects and improvement of the legislative field. Specifically, it is necessary to adopt the law "On Environmental Insurance". It has to consider the problems of sustainable use of agricultural land.
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Rout, Naresh. "Tribal Land Conflicts and State Forestry in Odisha: A Historical Study". International Journal of Social Sciences and Management 2, n.º 2 (25 de abril de 2015): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i2.12423.
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The history of human existence and civilizations are intertwined with forests and trees. Forests are crucial for the goods and services they provide, which people all over the world depend on. Strategies to enhance the contributions of the world’s forests to social development, livelihoods and poverty eradication are vital at a time when unsustainable practices and economic crises continue to threaten healthy forests and the people who depend upon them. The survival of tribal communities critically depends on land and forest resources. For historical and ecological reasons, most tribal people inhabit the forest and highly inaccessible regions of the state. These communities practise various customary land tenure systems, which have often been modified by state policies and legislation. The clan-based land tenure system was based on customary rights over land, trees and forest. The land use and tenure systems vary from tribe to tribe, as reflected in the practice and terraced cultivation. The relationship between tribal people and forest resources has been symbiotic in nature. The life-way processes of Odisha’s tribal people are reflected in their economy, religion, polity and social institutions, which cannot be understood without understanding various aspects of the forest surrounding them.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijssm.v2i2.12423 Int. J. Soc. Sci. Manage. Vol-2, issue-2: 143-147
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Adetoye, Ayoade Matthew, Samuel Ayodele Adewuyi e Dare Akerele. "Determinants of forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria". Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 51, n.º 2 (1 de junho de 2018): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ats-2018-0009.
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Abstract The study examined factors determining forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria. Primary data on socio-economic and community characteristics as well as land use systems were obtained from 300 farm households using a structured questionnaire through a multistage sampling technique. The study revealed that marital status (P < 0.01), gender (P < 0.01), land tenure security (P < 0.01), dominant crop type (P < 0.05), and preference for tree on farm land (P < 0.01) are factors influencing forest land use decision in either agroforestry, pure cultivation or in both practices. Land use choice proportion estimation shows that 63 % are still willing to retain their existing land use practice (pure cultivation). A total of 32 % are willing to shift completely from their existing land use practice while 4 % of the respondents are willing to practice both “agroforestry and pure cultivation” simultaneously. The study therefore suggests the need for a change in forest land use policy, particularly, with a view influence the pattern of use, limitation on type of crop that can be grown, and compliance to sustainable land use practice. This would go a long way in driving forest land use towards agroforestry – a practice identified as a means of ensuring food security while ensuring safe environment.
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Adetoye, Ayoade Matthew, Samuel Ayodele Adewuyi e Dare Akerele. "Determinants of forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria". Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 51, n.º 2 (1 de junho de 2018): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2018-0009.
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Abstract The study examined factors determining forest land use decisions among rural farm households in south-western Nigeria. Primary data on socio-economic and community characteristics as well as land use systems were obtained from 300 farm households using a structured questionnaire through a multistage sampling technique. The study revealed that marital status (P < 0.01), gender (P < 0.01), land tenure security (P < 0.01), dominant crop type (P < 0.05), and preference for tree on farm land (P < 0.01) are factors influencing forest land use decision in either agroforestry, pure cultivation or in both practices. Land use choice proportion estimation shows that 63 % are still willing to retain their existing land use practice (pure cultivation). A total of 32 % are willing to shift completely from their existing land use practice while 4 % of the respondents are willing to practice both “agroforestry and pure cultivation” simultaneously. The study therefore suggests the need for a change in forest land use policy, particularly, with a view influence the pattern of use, limitation on type of crop that can be grown, and compliance to sustainable land use practice. This would go a long way in driving forest land use towards agroforestry – a practice identified as a means of ensuring food security while ensuring safe environment.
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Sharma, U., e Vikas Sharma. "Socio-economic aspects and impact of land use change on sediment production dynamics in the northeastern region of India". Annals of Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW. Land Reclamation 42, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2010): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10060-008-0079-1.
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Socio-economic aspects and impact of land use change on sediment production dynamics in the northeastern region of India The northeastern region of India, with an area of 255 090 km2, is predominantly hilly. Major socio-economic factors affecting sediment production in the region are; shifting cultivation, land tenure system, fast growing population, small land-holdings, deforestation and free range grazing. A multi-disciplinary long-term study showed that 92.9 to 99.1% of rainwater can be retained in-situ, compared to 66.3% in shifting cultivation. Mean annual soil loss varied from 11.2 to 97.2 t km-2 in new land use systems as against 3621.3 t km-2 in shifting cultivation. The sediment load per litre of runoff from watersheds varied from 1250-20,300 mg suspended sediment, 5.4 to 23.6 mg NO3 - N, 2.3 to 6.5 mg P-PO4, 17.2 to 35.8 mg K2O, 0.4 to 1.8 mg Zn, 0.9 to 2.7 mg Mn, 6.5 to 12.0 mg Mg, 7.1 to 18.4 mg Fe and 4.0 to 7.2 mg SO4. The sediment transport from the catchments showed spatial and temporal variations.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Land tenure Economic aspects Nigeria"
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Wawryk, Alexandra Sophia. "The protection of indigenous peoples' lands from oil exploitation in emerging economies". Title page, contents and abstract only, 2000. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw346.pdf.
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Bibliography: leaves 651-699. "Through case studies of three emerging economies - Ecuador, Nigeria and Russia - this thesis analyses the factors present to a greater or lesser degree in emerging economies, such as severe foreign indebtedness and the absence of the rule of law, that undermine the effectiveness of the legal system in protecting indigenous peoples from oil exploitation. Having identified these factors, I propose that a dual approach to the protection of indigenous peoples' traditional lands and their environment be adopted, whereby international laws that set out the rights of indigenous peoples and place duties on states in this regard, are reinforced and translated into practice through the self-regulation of the international oil industry through a voluntary code of conduct for oil companies seeking to operate on indigenous peoples' traditional lands."
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Davies, Steven J. "The political economy of land tenure in Ethiopia". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/580.
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In surveying the literature on land tenure reform in Africa, what can readily be observed is that much of that body of work has comprised a markedly econometric and technical focus, to the neglect of evidently contiguous political factors. As a result, fundamental structural impediments to reform efforts have largely been ignored - a fact that may be reflected in the failure of many titling interventions. In light of this omission, the nature of political economy in both Ethiopia and Africa more generally is delineated in this thesis, in order to construct a more rounded conceptual framework through which the issue of land tenure can be deciphered. In so doing, the model of the ‘neopatrimonial’/anti-developmental state is utilised as a benchmark against which twentieth century Ethiopian regimes, and in particular the incumbent EPRDF Government, are assessed. Considerable evidence is uncovered to support the view that, despite its unique historical experience of independence, contemporary Ethiopia nevertheless fits with many key aspects of the neopatrimonial model – most notably in the Government’s pursuit of political survival and revenue to the neglect of long-term sustainable development. It is therefore argued that political imperatives have undermined the establishment of a progressive economic agenda in the country, and the ways in which this has affected land tenure are delineated. Moreover, it is demonstrated that the contemporary debate on tenure reform in Ethiopia has taken a form that is somewhat myopic and circuitous, possibly in an attempt to circumvent discussion of controversial political issues. It is argued that this apolitical stance has undermined not only the debate itself, but also the practical intervention strategies that have emerged from it, such as the recent land titling and administration project in Ethiopia. It is therefore concluded that the only means of escape from this theoretical and practical impasse is to reintegrate politics into the analysis.
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Larson, Janelle B. Montaner. "An economic analysis of land titling in Honduras". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1995. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:be8d5f2d-f676-45f1-8e3f-2b2a7f49b4e0.
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In 1982 the governments of Honduras and the United States signed a contract that established the Proyecto de Titulación de Tierras, or land titling project. This project was initiated primarily to provide titles to small coffee farmers on State-owned land. Among the expected consequences of the project were increased access to resources, especially credit, for small farmers and increased on-farm investment due to this access to credit and increased security. It was hoped that a greater use of credit and investment would increase farm production and therefore the income and well-being of the farmers involved. In this dissertation, the land titling project is placed within the context of the history of agrarian reform in Honduras. The titling project called for a baseline study and final evaluation. These were carried out in 1983 and 1988, respectively. The author was able to obtain these data and re-interview the same farmers in 1993. These farmers are from two regions, one of which was titled and another which was not. The interviews gathered data on production, credit, use of inputs, investments, income and general socio-economic indicators. These data are used to determine the extent to which the goals of the tiding project have been met. A stochastic frontier production function is used to estimate farm-level technical efficiency. Following this, these technical efficiency scores are regressed on various factors such as education, credit and technical assistance to estimate their possible effects on technical efficiency. Finally, simultaneous equations are used to estimate the relationships among these variables. In general, ten years after the start of the project, the original goals have not been achieved. This analysis found that titling does not affect technical efficiency, access to credit, or the use of inputs. Education and technical assistance are the two factors that are consistently the most significant in meeting the project's stated goals. This analysis suggests that basic education and technical assistance, rather than expensive land titling projects, should be promoted to enhance access to credit, the use of inputs and increased technical efficiency.
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Omokanye, Akim Tunde, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College e Centre for Horticulture and Plant Sciences. "Biological and economic evaluation of maize-based cropping systems for Nigerian smallholders". THESIS_CSTE_HPS_Omokanye_A.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/797.
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Indigenous African shifting cultivation production systems, that were developed over many generations and took into account production potential as well as the constraints imposed by natural resources, are no longer practicable for Nigerian smallholder farmers. These systems relied on long fallow for fertility restoration after a period of cropping. Overpopulation has resulted in lower per capita land availability, necessitating a shift to sedentary cultivation systems. In such systems, fallow is short term (months) compared to shifting systems, where it lasted several years. This shift has resulted in overexploitation of land resources and despite intensification of agricultural production methods, non-sustainable demand on the natural resource base has increased and crop and animal production has declined. This study examined the performance of five maize-based cropping systems consisting of cereal-legume, cereal-cereal and cereal bare fallow rotations, to identify systems that have potential for increased agricultural production in the subhumid and mid-altitude zones of Nigeria. The study was conducted at Richmond, near Sydney, in NSW, Australia from 2000 to 2003. The trial investigated the effects of the combined use of legumes and N fertilizer in CSs to maintain or improve soil fertility, maize crop and maize storage silage production and yield and quality of all crop residues. This study showed that inclusion of a legume in the rotation is an important production and income generating strategy. Owing to their potential for increased maize productivity, to build up N-rich systems and to improve small holder levels of farm income, cropping systems with legumes should therefore be given more research attention in NigeriaDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Grattan, Donald Scott Law Faculty of Law UNSW. "The logos of land: economic and proprietarian conceptions of statutory access rights". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Law, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/24368.
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Legislation in various jurisdictions alters the common law right to control access to one???s land by allowing the imposition of rights of access in favour of one landowner over the land of another. The relevant legislation can be divided into two categories. The first-generation legislation (s 88K, Conveyancing Act 1919 (NSW) and s 180, Property Law Act 1974 (Qld)) permits the creation of easements over servient land to facilitate the development of dominant land. The second-generation legislation (the Access to Neighbouring Land Act of New South Wales, Tasmania and the United Kingdom) permits the creation of temporary rights of access over servient land to facilitate work on dominant land. This thesis examines the extent to which this change in the law can be justified by three modes of ethical discourse: right-based, duty-based, and goal-based reasoning. An examination of the first-generation legislation and the cases in which it has been applied suggests that a form of goal-based reasoning can be used to justify its enactment. The legislation is needed to facilitate the efficient use of land where the existence of a bilateral monopoly and the possibility of strategic bargaining puts at risk the conclusion of a mutually beneficial agreement regarding access. A review of the second-generation legislation and the law reform reports and parliamentary debate that preceded its enactment indicates that the legislation can be justified by a form of duty-based reasoning. The legislation is needed to bring about a proper social ordering by imposing access rights where this would be consistent with the ideal of good neighbourliness. The thesis concludes that although these goal-based and duty-based discourses make an arguable case for the enactment of both generations of the legislation, neither of them, in an unadulterated form, provides a conclusive justification. Rather, an eclectic approach that draws on both discourses is required. It proposes that the legislation???s compensation provisions be amended to reflect the commingling of the ideas of efficiency, a properly ordered society and intensive land use, and to allow the servient owner to share in the benefits generated by the imposition of access.
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Van, Rooyen Jonathan. "Land reform in South Africa: effects on land prices and productivity". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002721.
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South Africa’s land redistribution policy (1994-2008) has been widely publicised, and has come under scrutiny of late from the public, private and government spheres, highlighting a need for research in this area. The research examines progress in South Africa’s land redistribution programme in two of KwaZulu-Natal’s district municipalities, Uthungulu and iLembe. Specifically the research investigates whether the government has paid above market prices when purchasing sugarcane farmland for redistribution in these districts. Moreover, it is illustrated how productivity on redistributed farms has been affected with the changes in ownership. To investigate the research questions, reviews of theories pertaining to property rights, land reform and market structures were conducted. Moreover, two cases studies were conducted in the districts of Uthungulu and iLembe, with assistance from the Department of Land Affairs, Inkezo Land Company and the South African Cane Growers Association. The case study data indicate that above ordinary market prices have been paid (2004-2006) by the government for sugarcane farmland in the districts concerned, and further that productivity has been negatively impacted ‘during’ and ‘post‘ transfer, in the majority of cases.
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Jaricha, Desmond Tichaona. "Land redistribution and state decentralisation in South Africa". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1013120.
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South Africa is a new democracy that has had to deal with many historical remnants of apartheid. One of the main remnants has been land dispossession and massive inequalities along racial lines of access to land for agricultural purposes. In countering this, the post-apartheid state has pursued land redistribution programmes since the end of apartheid in 1994, as part of a broader land reform project. Simultaneously, post-apartheid South Africa has been marked by significant state restructuring notably a process of state de-centralisation including the positioning of municipalities as development agents. Amongst other goals, this is designed to democratise the state given the authoritarian and exclusive character of the apartheid state, and thereby to democratise development initiatives and programmes. Land redistribution and state decentralisation in South Africa are different political processes with their own specific dynamics. They have though become interlinked and intertwined but not necessarily in a coherent and integrated manner. Within broader global developments pertaining to state decentralisation and land redistribution, the thesis examines the complex relations between these two processes in South Africa. In particular, I analyse critically the decentralised character of the land redistribution programme in South Africa. In order to concretise and illustrate key themes and points, I discuss a particular land redistribution project called Masizakhe located in Makana Municipality in the Eastern Cape Province.
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Stemela, Mbuyiselo. "A critical analysis of land redistribution and economic development of farm workers in the Stellenbosch Agricultural Area : a research treatise". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/852.
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This study critically analyzed land redistribution and economic empowerment of farm workers in the Stellenbosch agricultural area. Past socio-economic and political policies have resulted in a racially skewed and inequitable distribution of land as well as overcrowding, overstocking and poverty in the countryside. It has become imperative that fundamental change is brought about in order to improve economical opportunities of all South Africans to access land for beneficial and productive use. Land reform, as the central thrust of land policy, is not only part of the effort towards the creation of equitable land distribution, but also of national reconciliation and stability. This study analyzed the notion of economic empowerment of farm workers. It looked at historical overview of the evolution of politics in South Africa and contemporary legislative framework pertaining to land redistribution and farm workers in the Western Cape. A case study of Bouwland farm in the Stellenbosch agricultural area was used as an example of how land redistribution can contribute to economically empower farm workers.
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Hursin, Tamara Julie Irene. "Wetland retention on the prairies through private landowner stewardship". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29887.
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Loss and degradation of wetlands across Canada's prairie pothole region in Canada is severe and accelerating as on-going intensification and expansion of the agricultural land base continues to exert pressure on the remaining wetland resource. Traditionally wetlands have been regarded as unexploited wastelands to be converted to more productive agricultural uses. Although wetlands are now recognized as providing vital functions of a hydrological, ecological and social nature which have economic and social value as well as intrinsic value, difficulties in quantifying these benefits, coupled with readily calculated and realized benefits from agricultural production, result in continuing wetland losses. As well, because wetland benefits accrue to the general public rather than the
private land holders who dominate the pothole region, individual owners
cannot capture payment for these benefits and thus favor agricultural
production over wetland retention.
The primary objective of the thesis is to evaluate nonregulatory approaches to encouraging private landowner stewardship on the prairies with respect to wetland retention. From the literature, it is established that a nonregulatory approach to preserving wetlands on private lands is preferable to police power regulation from both a landowner and general public perspective. Several benefits associated with using nonregulatory tools to promote changes in landowner behavior are identified and developed into an analytical framework. Using this framework, six market and moral suasion nonregulatory tools commonly used to encourage landowners to retain wetlands are assessed for their apparent advantages and disadvantages in supporting the primary concerns of landowners faced with a decision whether
to enter into a stewardship program. From this assessment, conclusions regarding probable owner acceptability of the mechanisms are drawn, acceptability being a measure for how successful the nonregulatory tools will be in promoting private stewardship of wetlands.
The expected landowner appeal of the mechanisms is tested by evaluating their actual owner appeal as implemented in three on-going Canadian stewardship programs. Actual appeal is found to be fairly consistent with results from the literature analysis and conclusions from these results indicate that the mechanisms do vary in their effectiveness to encourage landowners to retain wetlands and thus vary in their ability to secure wetland acreage for protection. Data limitations are encountered in the case studies due to the infancy of stewardship programs in Canada and thus it is concluded that it will take time to demonstrate the effectiveness of nonregulatory mechanisms in promoting private landowner stewardship of wetlands.
The evaluation of nonregulatory tools allows a number of recommendations to be drawn with regard to improving stewardship programs in order to effectively encourage landowner participation, the type of data base that needs to be established in order to effectively monitor the success of nonregulatory mechanisms, and opportunities for further investigation in this area of study.Graduate and Postdoctoral Studies
Graduate
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Musemwa, Lovemore. "Economics of land reform models used in Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/435.
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The land reform that has unfolded in Zimbabwe since 1980 used different models and had diverse consequences. Since the implementation of the fast tract land reform programme in 2000, Zimbabwe experienced heavy reduction in yield and output at farm level that led to a 70% shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements (Richardson, 2005). The economic crisis in Zimbabwe has been characterized by worsening food insecurity especially in the rural areas where harvests continue to be poor. In the beef sector, Zimbabwe has failed to meet its export quota to the EU. The shortfall in production to meet annual food requirements shows a very grim situation but do not tell us about the performance of resettled farmers who now occupy much of the productive land. The broad objective of the study was to determine and compare the production efficiency of resettled farmers in Zimbabwe across land reform models. In addition, the study determined land use intensity. The study was conducted in the Mashonaland Central Province of Zimbabwe mainly because a wide variety of field crops were grown by resettled farmers. The respondents were stratified into three groups. These were: beneficiaries of land reform before 2000 (resettle scheme), fast track A1 model and fast track A2 model. The three models differ on how they were implemented and supported and this might result in different efficiencies of the models. A total of 245 copies structured questionnaire were administered on the resettled farmers from June to September 2010. Descriptive statistics was applied to the basic characteristics of the sampled households. The effect of model of land reform, gender of the household head, marital status, age of the household head, education, household size, religion, dependence ratio, whether the farmer was fulltime or part-time in farming, experience of the farmers in farming at that environment, total land size owned by the farmers and soil type on revenue per hectare and land use rate were determined using the GLM procedure of SAS (2003). Significance differences between least-square group means were compared using the PDIFF test of SAS (2003). The relationship between Revenue and land utilization was examined using the Pearson‟s correlations analysis. Dependance between response variables that had an effect on either revenue per hectare or land utilization with all the other response variables was tested using the Chi-square test for dependance. To find the effect of arable land used and herd size on revenue per hectare and land use the RSREG Procedure of SAS (2003) was used. Input oriented DEA model under the assumption of constant return to scale was used to estimate efficiency in this study. To identify factors that influence efficiency, a Tobit model censored at zero was selected. The mean land use rate varied significantly (p<0.05) with the land reform model with A2 having highest land use rate of 67%. The A1 and old resettlement households had land use rates of 53% and 46%, respectively. Sex, marital status, age of the household head, education and household size significantly affected land use (P<0.05). Revenue per hectare was not affected by any the factors that were inputted in the model. Results from the DEA approach showed that A2 farmers (large land owners) had an average technical efficiency score of 0.839, while the lowest ranking model (A1) had an average score of 0.618. Small land holders (A1 and the old resettled farmers) are on average less cost-efficient than large land owners, with a score of 0.29 for the former compared with 0.45 for the latter. From the factors that were entered in the Tobit model, age of household head, excellent production knowledge and farmer status affected technical efficiency whereas allocative efficiency was only affected by good production knowledge, farm size, arable land owned and area under cultivation. Factors which affected economic efficiency of the resettled farmers are secondary education, household size, farm size, cultivated area and arable land owned. None of the included socio-economic variables has significant effects on the allocative and economic efficiency of the resettled farmers. Thus, the allocative and economic inefficiencies of the farmers might be accounted for by other natural and environmental factors which were not captured in the model.
Livros sobre o assunto "Land tenure Economic aspects Nigeria"
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(Organization), Trócaire, e Catholic Fund for Overseas Development., eds. Land. Dublin: Trócaire, 1998.
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2
Rodríquez, Alvaro. Land tenure in Sub-Saharan Africa: A bibliography. Editado por Fontem Nicodemus Benanzea e Mackenzie Fiona. Ottawa, Canada: Carleton University, 1990.
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3
Deininger, Klaus W. Investment and income effects of land regularization: The case of Nicaragua. Washington, D.C: World Bank, Development Research Group, Rural Development, 2002.
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4
Phillips, Beverly. Land tenure, agricultural economics, and rural development.: A bibliography of materials added to the Land Tenure Center Library, 1982-1985. Madison, Wis: Land Tenure Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1987.
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5
Purcell, R. A. Economic analysis of land reform options in Namibia: Background paper for the National Conference on Land Reform and the Land Question, 1991. Ausspannplatz, Windhoek, Namibia: Namibian Economic Policy Research Unit, 1994.
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1922-, Mintz Sidney Wilfred, ed. Japanese colonialism in Taiwan: Land tenure, development,and dependency, 1895-1945. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press, 1995.
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Bulfeta, Getachew, e International Livestock Centre for Africa., eds. Land and tree tenure in humid West Africa: A bibliography. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: International Livestock Centre for Africa, 1987.
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Groh, Jane M. The impact of selected land tenure alternatives and debt on the financial performance of a representative eastern Washington dryland grain farm. Pullman, Wash: Cooperative Extension, College of Agriculture and Home Economics, Washington State University, 1989.
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Musgrave, Peter. Land and economy in Baroque Italy: Valpolicella, 1630-1797. Leicester, England: Leicester University Press, 1992.
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10
International Institute of Rural Reconstruction e Development Fund, eds. Pastoralism and land: Land tenure, administration, and use in pastoral areas of Ethiopia. Addis Ababa: Pastoralist Forum Ethiopa [and] International Institute of Rural Reconstruction [and] Development Forum, 2010.
Encontre o texto completo da fonteCapítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Land tenure Economic aspects Nigeria"
1
Iwarere, L. Jide. "Property Rights and Land Market Dynamics: An Economic Interpretation of the Indigenous Land Tenure Transformation Process in Nigeria". In Research Issues in Real Estate, 201–17. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-77938-6_10.
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Chibuzor Okenmuo, Frank. "Erosion Quantification and Management: Southeastern Nigeria Case Study". In Landscape Architecture [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.99551.
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Soil erosion in Southeastern Nigeria is assuming an unusual dimension despite efforts by successive governments to control the phenomenon. Agronomic activities on eroding surfaces can give rise to landscapes much different from the original. Research activities in erosion quantification, the findings and how their applications have contributed to soil erosion management are highlighted. A key factor is the community efforts which have been relegated to a top-down approach occasioned by land use, land tenure and technological changes. The system is often a preventive management approach which achieves ecological and economic benefits. This chapter also discusses the indigenous methods of soil conservation and proposes their inclusions for sustainable management. To manage soil erosion in the region, emphasis must be placed on preventive management rather than crisis-management. Such approach will ensure that fewer resources are expended and land is appropriately conserved. To this end, soil can play its many environmental roles adequately.