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Vexenat, Ana de Cássia, Jaime M. Santana e Antonio R. L. Teixeira. "Cross-reactivity of antibodies in human infections by the kinetoplastid protozoa Trypanosoma cruzi, Leishmania chagasi and Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis". Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 38, n.º 3 (junho de 1996): 177–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651996000300003.
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We have detected antibodies, in the sera of Chagas disease, Kala-azar and Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients, that bind multiple antigens shared between the three causative agents. The Chagas disease sera showed 98 to 100% positive results by ELISA when the Leishmania braziliensis and Leishmania chagasi antigens were used, respectively. The Kala-azar sera showed 100% positive results with Trypanosoma cruzi or L. braziliensis antigens by immunofluorescence assays. The antibodies in the sera of Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis patients showed 100% positive results by ELISA assays with T. cruzi or L. chagasi antigens. Furthermore, the direct agglutination of L. chagasi promastigotes showed that 95% of Kala-azar and 35% of Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis sera agglutinated the parasite in dilutions above 1:512. In contrast, 15% of Chagas sera agglutinated the parasite in dilutions 1:16 and below. Western blot analysis showed that the Chagas sera that formed at least 24 bands with the T. cruzi also formed 13 bands with the L. chagasi and 17 bands with the L. braziliensis. The Kala-azar sera that recognized at least 29 bands with the homologous antigen also formed 14 bands with the T. cruzi and 10 bands with the L. braziliensis antigens. Finally, the Mucocutaneous leishmaniasis sera that formed at least 17 bands with the homologous antigen also formed 10 bands with the T. cruzi and four bands with the L. chagasi antigens. These results indicate the presence of common antigenic determinants in several protozoal proteins and, therefore, explain the serologic cross-reactions reported here.
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Ravindran, Rajesh, Khairul Anam, Bibhas C. Bairagi, Bibhuti Saha, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Dwijadas Banerjee e Nahid Ali. "Characterization of Immunoglobulin G and Its Subclass Response to Indian Kala-Azar Infection before and after Chemotherapy". Infection and Immunity 72, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2004): 863–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.72.2.863-870.2004.
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ABSTRACT Serologic parameters of kala-azar were evaluated by Western blot analysis. Sera from kala-azar patients with confirmed diagnoses were screened for immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG subclass-specific reactivity against Leishmania donovani membrane antigen (LAg). Heterogenous LAg-specific IgG reactivity with numerous proteins with molecular masses ranging from 18 to 190 kDa was observed. Though the individual band patterns were varied, seven polypeptides of approximately 31, 34, 51, 63, 72, 91, and 120 kDa were immunoreactive with all the sera tested from kala-azar patients. The band patterns of the immunoblots of sera from patients after treatment and clinical cure with sodium antimony gluconate revealed a decrease in the frequency of the bands. Still, recognition of the 63- and 120-kDa bands was 100%, and the 55- and 91-kDa fractions were recognized in 93% of the sera from cured individuals. Among the IgG subclasses, IgG1 reacted with the greatest number of polypeptides. The 63-kDa protein was again detected by all of the IgG subclasses of all the sera tested. Other fractions recognized by the subclasses of more than 70% of the serum samples included those of 47, 51, 55, and 78 kDa. Following treatment, 63- and 51-kDa bands were the most reactive with the IgG subclasses. LAg-associated cross-reaction with other reference human antisera revealed a mild reactivity of the 63-kDa polypeptide with some of the serum samples from leprosy, malaria, typhoid, tuberculosis, and healthy controls. Western blot analysis of LAg entrapped in liposomes, strong vaccine candidates against experimental visceral leishmaniasis, revealed a more restricted band pattern. The 63-kDa fraction revealed by all pre- and posttreatment sera showed almost negligible levels of cross-reaction with sera from patients with other diseases or from healthy controls. These observations provide insight into induced immunity during kala-azar infection for future application.
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Kurkjian, K. M., L. E. Vaz, R. Haque, C. Cetre-Sossah, S. Akhter, S. Roy, F. Steurer et al. "Application of an Improved Method for the Recombinant K39 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay To Detect Visceral Leishmaniasis Disease and Infection in Bangladesh". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 12, n.º 12 (dezembro de 2005): 1410–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.12.12.1410-1415.2005.
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ABSTRACT Several serology-based immunoassays are used to diagnose visceral leishmaniasis (VL), a chronic protozoan parasitic disease caused by the Leishmania donovani complex. These tests are primarily designed to diagnose the most severe clinical form of VL, known as kala-azar. However, leishmanial infection is frequently asymptomatic and may manifest only as a positive serologic response or positive leishmanin skin test. We modified a previously described enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) that detects patient antibodies reactive with the recombinant Leishmania protein K39 (rK39) to confirm suspected kala-azar and to detect asymptomatic infection in a community study in Bangladesh. With the inclusion of a standard curve on each ELISA plate, the rK39 ELISA was more repeatable (kappa coefficient of agreement = 0.970) and more reliable compared to the original method (kappa = 0.587, P < 0.001). The cutoff point for a positive antibody response was chosen based on the 99th percentile of the ELISA distribution for the negative-control sera. However, we found that sera from all patients with active kala-azar yielded values more than twice the magnitude of this cutoff. Using receiver-operator characteristic curves, we determined a second cutoff value predictive of kala-azar. Using these criteria, the sensitivity and specificity of the modified ELISA for kala-azar were 97.0% and 98.9%, respectively, for sera from our study population. We hypothesize that individuals with antibody levels greater than the 99th percentile of the negative controls but less than the cutoff point for kala-azar have asymptomatic leishmanial infections.
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Theinert, Stephan M., Rajatava Basu, Michael Forgber, Syamal Roy, Shyam Sundar e Peter Walden. "Identification of New Antigens in Visceral Leishmaniasis by Expression Cloning and Immunoblotting with Sera of Kala-Azar Patients from Bihar, India". Infection and Immunity 73, n.º 10 (outubro de 2005): 7018–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.73.10.7018-7021.2005.
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ABSTRACT Sera of kala-azar patients from Bihar, India, were used to identify Leishmania donovani antigens encoded by a phage expression library. Ten antigens were identified, five of which have not been described as leishmania antigens before. The antigens specifically react with sera of leishmania-infected patients but not of toxoplasma- or plasmodium-infected patients.
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Sousa, Claris B. Palatnik de, Elza M. Gomes, Edilma Paraguai de Souza, Wania R. dos Santos, Sirley R. de Macedo, Linnete V. de Medeiros e Kleber Luz. "The FML (Fucose Mannose Ligand) of Leishmania donovani: a new tool in diagnosis, prognosis, transfusional control and vaccination against human kala-azar". Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical 29, n.º 2 (abril de 1996): 153–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0037-86821996000200008.
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The Fucose-Mannose Ligand (FML) of Leishmania donovani is a complex glycoproteic fraction. Its potential use as a tool for diagnosis of human visceral leishmaniasis was tested with human sera from Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. The FML-ELISA test, showed 100% sensitivity and 96% specificity, identifying patients with overt kala-azar (p < 0.001, when compared to normal sera), and subjects with subclinical infection. More than 20% apparently healthy subjects with positive reaction to FML developed overt kala-azar during the following 10 months. In the screening of human blood donnors, a prevalence of 5% of sororeactive subjects was detected, attaining 17% in a single day. The GP36 glycoprotein of FHL is specifically reconized by human kala-azar sera. The immunoprotective effect of FML on experimental L. donovanii infection was tested in swiss albino mice. The protection scheemes included three weekly doses of FML, supplemented or not with saponin by the subcutaneous or intraperitoneal routes and challenge with 2x 10(7) amastigotes of Leishmania donovani. An enhancement of 80.0 % in antibody response (p<0.001) and reduction of 85.5 % parasite liver burden (p<0.001) was detected in animals immunized with FML saponin, unrespectivety of the immunization route.
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Kawonga, Gervas. "Mustakabali wa Kiswahili kama Lugha ya Kufundishia Nchini Tanzania: Uhakiki wa Maudhui ya Sera ya Elimu na Mafunzo ya 2014". Mkwawa Journal of Education and Development 1, n.º 1 (1 de dezembro de 2017): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.37759/mjed.2017.1.1.6.
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Msingi wa makala haya ni “Sera ya Elimu na Mafunzo” (SEM, 2014). Makala yanahakiki nafasi ya lugha ya Kiswahili kwenye Sera ya Elimu na Mafunzo nchini Tanzania na mustakabali wake kwenye mfumo wa elimu kama lugha ya kufundishia. Mbinu iliyotumika ni ya maktabani ambapo mwandishi alisoma na kuhakiki maudhui ya SEM msisitizo ukiwa kwenye masuala yahusuyo lugha ya kufundishia. Uchambuzi wa kiisimujamii ulitumika ili kuonesha ukinzani baina ya matamko ya SEM. Tamko la SEM kuhusu lugha ya Kiswahili kama lugha ya kufundishia haliakisi hali halisi. Uhusiano wa Kiisimujamii wa lugha ya Kiswahili na ya Kiingereza kuhusu elimu unatoa tafsiri kuwa endapo SEM itatumika bila nia ya dhati ya kuisaidia lugha ya Kiswahili basi lugha hiyo inaweza kutoweka kabisa kwenye mfumo wa elimu kama lugha ya kufundishia. Makala yanajenga hoja kuwa tamko la SEM kwamba Kiingereza na Kiswahili ziwe na hadhi sawa kwenye mfumo wa elimu linatia moyo kwa mustakabali wa lugha ya Kiswahili lakini utekelezaji wake unaibua changamoto nyingi kwa namna ambayo zisipotazamwa kwa makini lugha ya Kiingereza itaendelea kukita mizizi zaidi na kujenga uwezekano wa jamii kukataa kufundishwa kwa lugha ya Kiswahili kwa sababu mwelekeo wa jamii unanasibisha elimu na Kiingereza. Mwisho, wito unatolewa kwa watunga sera kusitisha kutumia lugha ya wachache kutoa elimu kwa wengi kwa kuwa kufanya hivyo ni kubadili malengo ya elimu.
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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Shiben K. Saha e Nahid Ali. "Differential Decline in Leishmania Membrane Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgE, and IgG Subclass Antibodies in Indian Kala-Azar Patients after Chemotherapy". Infection and Immunity 67, n.º 12 (1 de dezembro de 1999): 6663–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/iai.67.12.6663-6669.1999.
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ABSTRACT Pathogenesis in kala-azar is associated with depressed cellular immunity and significant elevation of antileishmanial antibodies. Since these antibodies are present even after cure, analysis of the parasite-specific isotypes and immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses in kala-azar patients may shed new light on the immune responses during progression and resolution of infection. Using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts, we investigated the relative levels of specific IgG, IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses in Indian kala-azar patient sera during disease, drug resistance, and cure. Acute-phase sera showed strong stimulation of IgG, followed by IgE and IgM and lastly by IgA antibodies. IgG subclass analysis revealed expression of all of the subclasses, with a predominance of IgG1 during disease. Following sodium stibogluconate (SAG) resistance, the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and IgG4 remained constant, while there was a decrease in the titers of IgG2 and IgG3. In contrast, a significant (2.2-fold) increase in IgG1 was observed in these individuals. Cure, in both SAG-responsive and unresponsive patients, correlated with a decline in the levels of IgG, IgM, IgE, and all of the IgG subclasses. The stimulation of IgG1 and the persistence, most importantly, of IgE and IgG4 following drug resistance, along with a decline in IgE, IgG4, and IgG1 with cure, demonstrate the potential of these isotypes as possible markers for monitoring effective treatment in kala-azar.
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Martins, Gilberto, Edmar F. C. Vasconcellos e Antonio A. Lucchesi. "Correlações entre parâmetros da análise de crescimento de cultivares de tomateiro (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)". Anais da Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz 42, n.º 2 (1985): 401–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0071-12761985000200006.
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No presente trabalho, estudaram-se as possíveis correlações entre os parâmetros da análise quantitativa de crescimento vegetal , através dos dados de experimento conduzido com as culti vares de tomateiro, Kada, Angela, Floradel e Tropic, em sistema de cultivo para as condições do trópico-úmido, em Manaus, Amazonas , Brasil. A partir da semeadura, a cada 14 dias, durante todo o ciclo do tomateiro, foram colhidas plantas e determinadas a altura, área foliar, peso da matéria seca da planta e peso da matéria fresca e seca dos frutos. Executou-se, dessa forma, a análise de crescimento vegetal dos cultivares e a correlação entre os parâmetros avaliados na planta: altura,, produção, peso da matéria seca (PMS) , índice de área foliar (IAF) , taxa de produção de matéria seca (TPMS), taxa de produção de matéria seca vegetativa (TPMSV), taxa de produção de matéria seca dos frutos (TPMSF) taxa de crescimento relativo (TCR) e taxa de assimilação líquida (TAL). No estudo das correlações entre os parâmetros, a altura foi o que apresentou maior quantidade de altas correlações, sendo assim, um bom índice para se estimar o desenvolvimento da planta. Existem correlações positivas: a) da altura com o IAF, com a produção, com o PMS e com a TPMS, ou seja, esses parâmetros estão diretamente correlacionados com a altura; b) do PMS com a produção e com o IAF. A TAL é mais afetada pela TCR, já que apresentou todos os coeficientes de correlação com valores baixos, e dentre eles, o mais elevado foi com a TCR. A TCR só teve altas correlações com a altura e o IAF, sendo essas correlações negativas, ou seja, à medida que a planta cresce, diminui a TCR. Os cultivares mais produtivos apresentaram altas correlações positivas entre TMSF e TPMS, mostrando ser a produtividade econômica diretamente afetada pela produtividade biológica nesses cultivares.
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KAMIYA, Shigeko. "SAKAGUCHI Kana, The Miracle of Singapore: Insight into the Secrets of its Success and Current Challenges". Southeast Asia: History and Culture 2018, n.º 47 (2018): 207–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5512/sea.2018.47_207.
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Mulwale, Martin Barasa, Florence Ngesa Indede e Beverlyne Asiko Ambuyo. "Uamilifu wa Kiswahili na Kibukusu katika Mawanda ya Kimatumizi kwenye Kaunti ya Bungoma". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 5, n.º 1 (16 de maio de 2022): 109–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.5.1.665.
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Lugha ni chombo maalum katika ustawishaji na uimarishaji wa rasilimali za mwanadamu. Pia, ni wenzo unaohimili sera ambazo hulenga katika kutimiza matarajio ya kitaifa katika nchi yoyote ile. Nchini Kenya, vipengele katika katiba ya 2010, vinavyohusu lugha vilipandisha hadhi lugha ya Kiswahili ili iweze kutumika kama lugha ya taifa na rasmi sambamba na Kiingereza. Hata hivyo, katiba hii haijaweka kanuni zinazolenga kuimarisha na kudumisha uanuwai wa lugha za kiasili kote nchini Kenya. Machukulio ni kwamba, vipengele vya katiba vinasheheni sifa stahilifu kama vile, usawa wa kimatumizi, utekelezwaji, mikao ya kieneo, matakwa, pamoja na hiari za wananchi. Kwa kuangazia hali ya kiisimu-jamii katika Kaunti ya Bungoma, utata upo katika udumishaji wa mfumo ‘rasmi’ wa sera ya lugha Kitaifa, na utekelezwaji wa sera ya lugha kupitia asasi za serikali na zile za umma. Kazi hii inalenga kuchanganua uamilifu wa Kiswahili na Kibukusu kupitia ruwaza zinazodhihirika katika mawanda mbalimbali ya lugha katika Kaunti ya Bungoma. Mihimili ya nadharia ya sera ya lugha iliyoendelezwa na Spolsky (2004, 2007) ambayo ni Usimamizi wa lugha na Ikolojia ya lugha pamoja na ruwaza za lugha ilivyoelezwa na Paltridge (2001) ndiyo nguzo ya kuchanganua utafiti huu. Aidha, mtazamo wa Haugen (1972) unaohusu Ikolojia ya lugha umetumika katika kudhihirisha michakato baina ya lugha na mazingira inamotumika. Muundo mseto uliojumuisha, muundo wa kimaelezo, kiupelelezi na wa kiiktisadi ulitumiwa. Usampulishaji dhamirifu ulitumiwa kuteua matumizi ya lugha ya KS, KB na KS/KB katika ruwaza za lugha zilizodhihirika katika mawanda ya biashara, kanisani na utawala hasa kwenye mikutano ya umma au baraza za Chifu katika maeneo mbalimbali ya Kaunti ya Bungoma. Data ilikusanywa kwa kutumia mbinu ya uchunzaji usio-shirikishi na ya kiiktisadi ilikusanywa kwa kuhesabu hali ambazo lugha za KS, KB au KS/KB zilitumiwa. Ilibainika kuwa lugha ya KS na KB hukamilishana kiuamilifu katika mawanda mbalimbali ya kijamii katika Kaunti ya Bungoma.
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Nurhidayanti, Nisa, e Dodit Ardiatma. "Hydroponic Effectiveness of Kana Flower, Apu Wood and Coffee Grounds in Domestic Greywater Wastewater Treatment". Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 17, n.º 3 (15 de novembro de 2020): 272–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v17i3.272-283.
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Pelita Bangsa University is a developing private university in Bekasi Regency with an increasing number of students every year. The problem with the increasing number of students causes the domestic waste water produced to also increase. The purpose of this study was to determine the hydroponic effectiveness of Kana Flower and Apu wood and coffee grounds in reducing BOD, TSS, Oil and Fat of domestic greywater waste. The stages of the research method began with making activated charcoal from coffee grounds, taking wastewater samples, testing wastewater, acclimatizing plants, range finding tests, testing phytoreactors with activated carbon filters, and continuing with data analysis. The results of testing the parameters of domestic greywater waste with an activated carbon filter from coffee grounds for seven days obtained a final value of TSS <2.5 mg/l, BOD 23 mg/l, Oil and Fat of <0.1 mg/l, pH 7.61 and TDS of 286 ppm. The test results have met the quality standards for domestic wastewater according to the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number 68 of 2016. Based on the results of the study, it was found that the effectiveness of reducing the concentration of several parameters from the phytoremediation process with activated carbon filters from coffee grounds was a decrease in TSS of 98.20%, BOD 76.04%, oil and fat 0%, pH 0.39% and TDS 29.03%.
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Sá, Michele Eduarda Brasil de. "Haru Sugite, de Imperatriz Jitô". caleidoscópio: literatura e tradução 1, n.º 1 (9 de junho de 2017): 130–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26512/caleidoscopio.v1i1.7134.
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A poesia clássica japonesa é marcada por profunda beleza e sensibilidade. Dá-se aos poemas clássicos japoneses o nome de waka – 和歌, em que o primeiro ideograma faz referência a Yamato (大和 – nome antigo do Japão) e o segundo significa “poema”, “canto”. Este conhecido poema japonês do século VII é um tanka, ou seja, um poema curto, com cinco versos, contendo 5-7-5-7-7 sílabas respectivamente, e está registrado na antologia Man’yôshû, a “Coletânea das Dez Mil Folhas”. Abaixo temos o texto em man’yôgana (ou seja, na escrita original, em que os ideogramas eram utilizados ora por seu significado, ora por associação fonética e que recebeu este nome justamente por seu uso no Man’yôshû) e em seguida na versão corrente, em kanji e kana.
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Darmu'in, Darmu'in. "Kurikulum Pendidikan Karakter di Taman Kanak-kanak Negeri Pembina Semarang". Nadwa 7, n.º 1 (20 de abril de 2013): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/nw.2013.7.1.543.
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The character education curriculum in Pembina Public Kindergarten Sema-rang was initiated since 2010 in the form of socializing ideas, internships at kindergarten Budi Mulia 2 Yogyakarta, testing, curriculum development: mapping the character values, aligning the vision, mission, and educational goals. The character values include: religious, honest, tolerance, discipline, hard work, creative, independent, democratic, curiosity, the spirit of natio-nalism, patriotism, respect for achievement, friendly, peace-loving, fond of reading, environmental care, social care , as well as responsibilities. The as-sessment of character education is done through observing students and ex-pressed in a qualitative statement. The simulation results of the character education assessment show that the majority of students (67.93%) have had a character (MK), others (23.82%) have begun to develop (MB), a small amount (6.50%) began to appear (MT), and the rests have not seen yet (1.14%) (CB).<br /><br /><strong>Abstrak</strong><br />Kurikulum pendidikan karakter di TK NPS dirintis sejak tahun 2010 berupa sosialisasi gagasan, magang di TK Budi Mulia 2 Yogyakarta, melakukan uji coba, penyusunan kurikulum: pemetaan nilai-nilai karakter, menyelaraskan visi, misi, dan tujuan pendidikan. Nilai-nilai karakter meliputi: religius, jujur, toleransi, disiplin, kerja keras, kreatif, mandiri, demokratis, rasa ingin tahu, semangat kebangsaan, cinta tanah air, menghargai prestasi, bersahabat, cinta damai, gemar membaca, peduli lingkungan, peduli sosial, serta tanggung ja-wab. Penilaian pendidikan karakter dilakukan melalui pengamatan terhadap anak didik, dinyatakan dalam pernyataan kualitatif. Hasil simulasi penilaian pendidikan karakter menunjukkan bahwa anak didik sebagian besar (67,93 %) telah memiliki karakter (MK), sebagian lainnya (23,82 %) sudah mulai berkembang (MB), sebagian kecil (6.50 %) mulai terlihat (MT), dan selebih-nya (1.14%) belum terlihat (BT).<br /><br />
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Melly, Joachim Kipchirchir, e Ernest Sangai Mohochi. "Matumizi ya Kiswahili katika Mawasiliano na Uongozi wa Kidini katika Shule za Upili Nchini Kenya: Mfano wa Shule ya Wasichana ya Itigo". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 6, n.º 1 (11 de setembro de 2023): 339–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.6.1.1422.
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Utafiti huu ulichunguza matumizi ya Kiswahili katika mawasiliano na uongozi wa kidini katika shule ya wasichana ya Itigo. Ulilenga kubaini jinsi lugha ya Kiswahili hutumika katika kuwasilisha maudhui ya kidini, sera za matumizi ya lugha, na athari ya matumizi ya lugha ya Kiswahili katika kuwasilisha ujumbe wa kidini. Nadharia ya umilisi mawasiliano yake Dell Hymes (1966) iliongoza utafiti. Data ilikusanywa kwa kutumia hojaji, mahojiano na uchunzaji. Wanafunzi thelathini wa kidato cha nne, viongozi kumi wa kidini wa wanafunzi na kasisi mmoja wa shule walihusishwa katika ukusanyaji wa data. Matokeo yalibaini kuwa sera ya lugha katika shule ya wasichana ya Itigo ilipendelea matumizi ya Kingereza kama lugha ya mawasiliano. Wanafunzi walisema kuwa lugha ya Kiswahili inapotumika katika mahubiri, ujumbe hueleweka zaidi. Vilevile, ilidhihirika kuwa viongozi wa kidini wa wanafunzi hutumia lugha ya Kiswahili kuwasiliana katika mikutano yao lakini wao huandika kumbukumbu kwa lugha ya Kiingereza. Isitoshe, ilibainika kuwa lugha anayoitumia zaidi kasisi wa shule katika mahubiri yake ni Kiingereza. Licha ya uwezo wa Kiswahili katika kufanikisha mawasiliano kuhusu maswala ya kidini shuleni, Kiingereza ndicho hutumika zaidi. Kunahitajika mabadiliko katika sera ya lugha shuleni ili kuipa lugha ya Kiswahili nafasi zaidi katika mawasiliano ya kidini
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Filipović, Vladimir. "Srpska pobuna u selima vukovarske općine 1990. - 1991." Scrinia Slavonica 22, n.º 1 (18 de novembro de 2022): 291–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.22586/ss.22.1.9.
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U članku je pažnja posvećena događajima u selima s većinskim srpskim stanovništvom nekadašnje općine Vukovar, posebno njezinog sjeverozapadnog dijela (sela Bršadin, Bobota, Trpinja i Borovo). Razdoblje koje je obuhvaćeno počinje od prvih naznaka pristajanja mještana tih sela uz političku platformu Slobodana Miloševića 1989./1990. i traje do ljeta 1991., kada ta sela ulaze u sastav srpske oblasti i počinje se voditi rat u široj regiji istočne Slavonije. Na temelju dostupnih izvora pruža se pregled glavnih političkih događaja u selima, organizacija pobune i mobilizacija za srpsku nacionalističku politiku. Posebno se posvećuje pažnja uključenosti aktera iz Srbije u organizaciju i vođenje pobune.
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Rotich, Alexander. "Mitazamo ya Kiskaz Kuhusu Covid-19 Inavyojitokeza katika Lugha ya Wananchi Nchini Kenya". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 7, n.º 1 (13 de fevereiro de 2024): 79–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.7.1.1754.
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Madhumni ya makala haya yalikuwa ni kubainisha na kuchanganua mitazamo ya WaKenya kuhusu Tangaavu la Korona (COVID-19) kama inavyodhihirika kupitia mazungumzo ya kikawaida, Skaz. Hii ni kutokana na ukweli kwamba, tafiti za awali kuhusu mada hii hazikukitwa katika misingi ya Skaz. Kwa hivyo, taarifa nyingi kuhusu Tangaavu la Korona zilizowasilishwa na Shirika la Afya Ulimwenguni pamoja na Wizara ya Afya nchini Kenya zilikuwa za kitaalamu (kiakademia). Utafiti huu ulikuwa wa nyanjani na ulifanyika Kericho, Kenya. Mtafiti aliteua sampuli kimakusudi na kukusanya data kwa kutumia mbinu ya utazamaji nyanjani. Nadharia iliyoongoza utafiti huu ni ya Usemezano ikijumuisha sifa za Skaz kama ilivyoelezwa na Bakhtin ikitiliwa nguvu na Mbinu ya Urazini wa Kiwatu kama ilivyoendelezwa na Sacks na wenzake. Uchanganuzi wa data ulionesha kuwa, mwanzomwanzo, kutokana na kukosa ufahamu wa kitaaluma kuhusu ugonjwa “mpya” Tangaavu la COVID-19 kwa jumla, bila kukusudia kupotosha WaKenya waliibuka na mitazamo mbalimbali kuhusu ugonjwa huu. Mitazamo hii pia ilitokana na jitihada za hekaheka kutafuta njia za kuzuia usambazaji na hata tiba miongoni mwa wanajamii. Utafiti huu umeweka wazi mitazamo “hasi” kuhusu ugonjwa wa COVID-19 jinsi ili(na)vyodhihirika katika mazungumzo ya kikawaida na hivyo kuwafaidi watafiti wa utabibu na wapangaji sera za kiserikali kutilia maanani mitazamo katika lugha ya kikawaida haswa kwenye majanga ya kiulimwengu
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CHEN, Xian-Si. "Analysis of the Time of Zhu Ying and Kang Tai's Serving as Diplomatic Envoys to Funan". Southeast Asia: History and Culture, n.º 17 (1988): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5512/sea.1988.107.
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Triandita, Nanda, Fransiska R. Zakaria, Endang Prangdimurti e Nela Eska Putri. "PERBAIKAN STATUS ANTIOKSIDAN PENDERITA DIABETES TIPE 2 DENGAN TAHU KEDELAI HITAM KAYA SERAT". Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan 27, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2016): 123–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2016.27.2.123.
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Sanyal, Tapati, Dilip K. Ghosh e Dwijen Sarkar. "Immunoblotting identifies and antigen recognized by anti gp63 in the immune complexes of Indian kala-azar patient sera". Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry 130, n.º 1 (1994): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01084263.
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Nath, Nidhi, Seema R. Jain e Sneh Anand. "Evanescent wave fibre optic sensor for detection of L. donovani specific antibodies in sera of kala azar patients". Biosensors and Bioelectronics 12, n.º 6 (janeiro de 1997): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0956-5663(97)00006-7.
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Malik, Ricat Hinaywan. "Penanganan Gawat Darurat Tension Pneumothorax Dengan Needle Thoracocentesis ICS ke-5 & Pemasangan Mini-WSD: A Case Report". Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan "SUARA FORIKES" (Journal of Health Research "Forikes Voice") 11, n.º 2 (6 de abril de 2020): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.33846/sf11201.
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Background: Tension pneumothorax is an emergency with high mortality rate that can be handled with simple action. Besides due to many thoracic trauma, tension pneumothorax is rarely caused by infectious diseases such as pulmonary tuberculosis. During this time, the treatment is with needle thoracocentesis in the second intercostal space in mid-clavicle line and installation of chest tube-WSD in the fifth intercostal space. Objective: To discuss emergency treatment with limited facilities and resources in tension pneumothorax patients using needle thoracocentesis in the fifth intercostal space in mid-clavicle line and mini-WSD installation. Methods: Case report, case choosed from a rare case that emergency which patient treated and can survive until discharge from hospital with limited facilities and resources. Results: A 38-year-old man was admitted to a hospital ward with shortness of breath that was getting heavier the last week, coughing up sparse phlegm, and a fever. Physical examination: composmentis, normal blood pressure, HR 132x/min, RR 34 x/min, temperature 37,5oC, SpO2 80%. There is an increase in JVP, asymmetric chest (left higher than right), right chest motion left behind, no chest pain, hypersonor right chest, right chest auscultation sounds like air passing through water pipe, left chest sounded roughly crackles. Support: leukocytosis, HIV positive on VCT, chest X-ray showing severe right pneumothorax and left pulmonary tuberculosis. Patient was diagnosed with tension pneumothorax secondary to pulmonary tuberculosis, other than AIDS. Emergency needle thoracocentesis is performed in the right fifth intercostal space, mid-axilla line just above the 6th rib, and connected with mini-WSD. The result is clinical improvement. Patient was survive until definitive action and further treatment can be taken by the experts. Conclusion: The needle thoracocentesis of the fifth intercostal space in mid-axilla line and mini-WSD is easier to perform and improve the clinical state of tension pneumothorax patient.
Keywords: thoracocentesis; decompression; intercostal space; mini-water sealed drainage; secondary tension pneumothorax
ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang: Tension pneumothorax merupakan keadaan gawat darurat dengan angka kematian tinggi yang bisa ditangani dengan tindakan sederhana. Selain banyak disebabkan karena trauma toraks, tension pneumothorax jarang disebabkan penyakit infeksi seperti tuberkulosis paru. Selama ini penanganannya dengan needle thoracocentesis di sela iga kedua linea mid-klavikula dan pemasangan chest tube-WSD di sela iga kelima. Tujuan: Mendiskusikan penanganan emergensi dengan keterbatasan fasilitas dan sumber daya pada pasien tension pneumothorax menggunakan needle thoracocentesis di sela iga kelima linea mid-klavikula dan pemasangan mini-WSD. Metode: Laporan Kasus, kasus dipilih dari kasus emergensi yang jarang terjadi berupa kasus emergensi dimana pasien diberi penanganan dan dapat bertahan hidup hingga pulang dari rumah sakit dengan keterbatasan fasilitas dan sumber daya. Hasil: Seorang laki-laki, 38 tahun, dirawat di bangsal rumah sakit dengan sesak nafas yang semakin memberat 1 minggu terakhir, batuk berdahak jarang, dan demam. Pemeriksaan fisik: komposmentis, TD normal, HR 132x/min, RR 36 x/min, suhu 37,5oC, SpO2 80%. Terdapat peningkatan JVP, dada asimetris (kiri lebih tinggi dibanding kanan), gerak dada kanan tertinggal, tak ada nyeri tekan dada, dada kanan hipersonor, auskultasi dada kanan terdengar seperti udara yang melewati pipa air, dada kiri terdengar ronki kasar. Penunjang: leukositosis, VCT positif HIV, foto toraks menunjukkan pneumotoraks kanan berat dan TB aktif paru kiri. Pasien didiagnosis tension pneumothorax sekunder karena TB paru, selain AIDS. Dilakukan tindakan emergensi needle thoracocentesis di ICS 5 linea mid-aksila kanan tepat di atas kosta ke-6, dan disambung dengan mini-WSD. Hasilnya terdapat perbaikan klinis. Pasien bertahan hidup hingga dapat dilakukan tindakan definitif dan penanganan lebih lanjut oleh ahlinya. Kesimpulan: Needle thoracocentesis sela iga kelima linea mid-aksila dan mini-WSD lebih mudah dilakukan dan memperbaiki keadaan klinis pasien tension pneumothorax.
Kata kunci: torakosintesis; dekompresi; sela iga; mini-WSD; tension pneumothorax sekunder
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Danuartha, Krisna, e Ni Komang Candrani Dewi. "Implementasi Ajaran Catur Purusha Artha Dalam Membentuk Karakter Anak Panti Asuhan Ananda Sevadharma Dusun Banjar Sema Desa Sangsit". Pramana: Jurnal Hasil Penelitian 3, n.º 2 (18 de outubro de 2023): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.55115/jp.v3i2.3781.
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This article discusses the implementation of the Catur Purusha Arthadoctrine in shaping the character of children in the Narayan Seva Orphanage. This doctrine encompasses the values of Dharma (morality and spirituality), Artha (economics and material), Kama (aesthetics and happiness)and Moksa (highest goal) which are applied in the character education of children in orphanages, which are applied in the character education of children in the orphanage. In the face of modern challenges, this article explains how the values of Dharma are instilled through moral and ethical education, the values of Artha are applied through financial education and responsible ownership, and the values of Kama are realized through the development of interests and talents. Despite challenges such as adapting ancient values to modern contexts, collaborating with families, and monitoring effectiveness, the Narayan Seva Orphanage has created an environment focused on fostering positive and integral character through the implementation of the Catur Purusha Arthadoctrine. Thus, this article summarizes that this approach can shape a generation ready to face the world wisely and make a positive contribution to society.
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Berel, Stiesia, Cholisah Suralaga e Nurul Husnul Lail. "Pengaruh Pemberian Telur Rebus dan Madu Terhadap Kadar Haemoglobin Remaja Putri di Posyandu Remaja Raemadia Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Seba Nusa Tenggara Timur". Jurnal Surya Medika 10, n.º 1 (27 de abril de 2024): 340–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v10i1.5508.
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Masa Remaja (Adolescence) merupakan masa transisi dari kanak-kanak menuju masa dewasa ditandai dengan terjadi perubahan-perubahan baik fisik, psikis dan psikososial. Perubahan fisik yang terjadi pada remaja ditandai dengan pertumbuhan tinggi badan dan berat badan. Sehingga tubuh membutuhkan gizi tinggi karena berhubungan dengan komposisi tubuh, kurangnya zat gizi seperti zat besi pada remaja dapat menimbulkan berbagai macam masalah kesehatan seperti Anemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya pengaruh pemberian telur rebus dan madu terhadap kadar hemoglobin remaja putri di Posyandu remaja raemadia wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seba Nusa Tenggara Timur. Desain penelitian ini yaitu quasi eksperimen dengan pre and post test design with control group yaitu melakukan pre test - post test . Populasi pada penelitian adalah 65 remaja putri yang anemia . Tehnik sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah purposive sampling. sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah total sampling yaitu 30 sampel, dan dibagi menjadi 2 yaitu 15 sampel untuk kelompok intervensi dan 15 untuk kelompok kontrol. Dari hasil penelitian didapatkan uji statistic menggunakan uji Independent t-test diperoleh mean pada selisih kelompok intervensi dan selisih kelompok kontrol sebanyak 0,019 gr/dl dan nilai p 0,000 (p <0,05). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa ada pengaruh konsumsi telur rebus dan madu terhadap kadar hemoglobin remaja putri di posyandu remaja raemadia wilayah kerja Puskesmas Seba Nusa Tenggara Timur.
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M.T. Al-Bashir, Nada. "Poly Acrylamide Gel Electrophoresis of Serum Protein, Application to Kala-azar Patients". Iraqi Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-ISSN 1683 - 3597 E-ISSN 2521 - 3512) 20, n.º 2 (29 de março de 2017): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31351/vol20iss2pp28-33.
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Sera samples were collected from 60 children aged 4-60 months, all were clinically and serologically proven cases of visceral leishmaniasis, as well as from 10 healthy children, all were seronegative with no history of parasitic infection who serve as a control during the study. Serum total protein and albumin were measured and compared between the control and visceral leishmaniasis patients. Serum protein profiles have been investigated using the conventional sodium dodecyl sulphate – polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). Serum of control group showed the specific protein pattern with five protein bands, while serum protein profile in visceral leishmaniasis patients revealed three groups of electrophoretic banding patterns. , 50% showed twelve bands, 36.66% of the patients showed nine bands and 13.33% showed ten bands. At least four of these bands were found to be common among the infected groups which may be of diagnostic value and required further investigations. The three different electrophoretic patterns groups may be correlated with the previous epidemiological observations in respect of different clinical presentation of the disease and different response the chemotherapeutic agents at many endemic areas around the world.
Key words: Protein band, protein patterns, serum protein, sodium dodecyl sulphate-poly acrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), visceral leishmaniasis.
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Karoli, Nelly Bonareri, e Leonard Chacha Mwita. "Jinsi Leksimu za Mitishamba Zinavyoakisi Uhifadhi wa Mazingira ya Waswahili Nchini Kenya". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 6, n.º 1 (27 de setembro de 2023): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.6.1.1469.
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Lugha na utamaduni wa watu ni vitu visivyoweza kutenganishwa. Mifumo ya lugha huathiri namna binadamu anavyofikiri kuhusu ulimwengu wake na husababisha matendo ambayo ni kiini cha changamoto za kiikolojia wanazokabiliana nazo. Katika makala hii, tulichambua namna leksimu za mitishamba zinachukuliwa kama ishara za uhifadhi wa mazingira katika mifumo ya ikolojia katika jamii ya Waswahili. Data ilikusanywa kwa mbinu ya mahojiano kutoka kwa Waswahili wa Mvita. Utafiti huu uliongozwa na nadharia ya semiotiki ikolojia iliyotusaidia kuelewa kuwa kile kilichotambuliwa kama athari kwa ikolojia mara nyingi huwa na sababu za kisemiotiki na tofauti katika kufasiri ishara au misamiati. Tulibainisha kuwa kuna leksimu za mitishamba kama ‘mpambamwitu’ ambayo Waswahili walitumia kuonyesha ile hali ya kurembesha misitu yao kwa kuleta taswira ya kiasili na mwonekano mzuri wa kipekee, ‘linda ziwa’ iliakisi uhifadhi wa vyanzo vya maji. Mahali ambapo ulimea, maji yalikuwa safi na tayari kutumika katika shughuli za pale nyumbani. Mti huu ulifananishwa na jokofu kwani hata nyakati za joto ulipoenda mtoni ungepata maji hayo ni baridi na safi. Waswahili ambao walikuwa ni watumiaji wa leksimu hizi walionyesha kuwa ilipofikia suala la uhifadhi wa mazingira, wanajamii walijitahidi kutunza mazingira yao. Jinsi tunavyochagua misamiati yetu katika mawasiliano kuhusu mazingira kunaweza kubadilisha jinsi wanajamii wanavyoyaona mazingira hayo. Ikolojia inategemea mawazo yaliyopo, kanuni, na sheria za jamii. Makala hii imapendekeza kuwa kwa kubadilisha jinsi tulivyoyatazama mazingira yetu ya asili tunaweza kutambua thamani yake halisi. Kwa kuiweka thamani hiyo katika sera zetu mipango na mifumo ya uchumi, tunaweza kuelekeza uwekezaji katika shughuli ambazo zinarejesha uasili wa mazingira yetu na tukapata faida. Kwa kutambua kuwa mazingira yetu ni mshirika wetu mkubwa basi tutayafanya kuwa endelevu.
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Webb, J. R., D. Kaufmann, A. Campos-Neto e S. G. Reed. "Molecular cloning of a novel protein antigen of Leishmania major that elicits a potent immune response in experimental murine leishmaniasis." Journal of Immunology 157, n.º 11 (1 de dezembro de 1996): 5034–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.157.11.5034.
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Abstract BALB/c mice are highly susceptible to infection with the protozoan parasite Leishmania major. This susceptibility has been attributed, in part, to the expansion of parasite-specific CD4+ Th2 cells that antagonize Th1 responses and promote humoral immunity. In the present study, we have utilized sera from L. major-infected BALB/c mice to screen an L. major amastigote cDNA expression library. One of the clones detected encodes a novel Ag designated as L. major stress-inducible 1 (LmSTI1). LmSTI1 contains six copies of the tetratricopeptide consensus motif and is highly related to a family of stress-inducible proteins that is conserved from yeast to humans. Sera from L. major-infected BALB/c mice have LmSTI1-specific Ab titers in excess of 1:200,000, comprised predominantly of IgG1, IgG2A, and IgG2B isotypes. Recombinant LmSTI1 protein elicited strong proliferative responses from draining lymph node cells of L. major-infected BALB/c mice at both early (10 days) and late (28 days) stages of infection and elicited production of high levels of IFN-gamma and low levels of IL-4. In contrast, soluble leishmanial lysate elicited high levels of IL-4 and low IFN-gamma production. Thus, we have identified an Ag of Leishmania capable of eliciting a mixed cellular response that is skewed toward a Th1 phenotype in susceptible BALB/c mice with advanced infections. In addition, analyses of sera from human patients with cutaneous, visceral, and post-kala azar visceral leishmaniasis indicated that a majority of individuals from all three clinical groups mounted strong humoral responses against LmSTI1.
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Artawan, I. Nengah, e Ni Made Surawati. "TRANSFORMASI NILAI ETIKA DALAM UPACARA MENDEM SAWA PADA MASYARAKAT BALI AGA DI DESA TRUNYAN KABUPATEN BANGLI". VIDYA WERTTA : Media Komunikasi Universitas Hindu Indonesia 3, n.º 2 (5 de outubro de 2020): 39–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.32795/vw.v3i2.1069.
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Tradisi di Desa Trunyan kebanyakan terefleksi dalam kegiatan yadnya. Yadnya ini akan dilandasi dengan keikhlasan tanpa pemrih. Tradisi yang ada di Desa Trunyan banyak memiliki perbedaan dengan desa lainnya. Tentu perbedaan semacam ini bukanlah terletak pada konsepsinya, melainkan hanya menyangkut dengan Desa, Kala, Patra. Salah satu yang akan dikaji dalam artikel ini yakni tradisi mendem sawa. Mendem sawa ada tiga cara yaitu pertama mendem sawa dengan cara tidak dikubur ini khusunya bagi orang Trunyan yang mati wajar, maka di pendem di sema wayah, kedua orang tersebut meninggal belum ketus gigi ini bisa dikatakan masih statusnya anak-anak, maka orang tersebut sawanya di kubur di sema nguda, ketiga ketika orang itu mati karena ulah pati, atau salah pati, baru orang tersebut sawanya dikubur di sema Bantas. Tradisi mendem sawa pada masyarakat Bali Aga inilah yang ada di Desa Terunyan mengalami transformasi nilai etika. Melihat perkembangan semakin maju dan didukung oleh pariwisata, tentu masyarakat trunyan biasa melakukat aktivitas ke kuburan Terunyan, sekaligus menjadi pemandu wisata.
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Matijević, Ivan. "Židovska vjerska zajednica u Saloni". Crkva u svijetu 55, n.º 2 (8 de julho de 2020): 238–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.34075/cs.55.2.3.
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Prema sadržaju Peregrinova natpisa podignutoga 382. godine u cemeterijalnoj bazilici na Manastirinama G. B. de Rossi je pretpostavio postojanje židovske vjerske zajednice i njezinoga groblja u Saloni (coemeterium legis Iudaicae). Njegova je teza osnažena kada je F. Bulić na Gospinu otoku, oko stotinu metara istočno od salonitanskih gradskih zidina, pronašao ulomak sarkofaga s prikazom menore datiran u početak 4. stoljeća. Prisutnost Židova u Saloni indiciraju i neki drugi nalazi: keramička svjetiljka s prikazom menore iz 4. stoljeća, zatim gema s prikazom menore, šofara, etroga i lulava datirana između 4. i 7. stoljeća. Izravan dokaz za postojanje židovske vjerske zajednice je ulomak natpisa koji spominje tri religijske skupine: Rimljane, Židove i kršćane. Takav redoslijed odgovara vremenu kada kršćanstvo još nije bilo afirmirano i stoga natpis valja datirati u kraj 3. ili početak 4. stoljeća. Na kraju, mora se spomenuti i nadgrobni natpis Samarijanke No[---], preminule godine 539. i porijeklom iz još uvijek nepoznatog sela Pit[---]. Nemoguće je odrediti je li vjerom pripadala kršćanima ili Samarijancima.
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Eska Putri, Nela, Fransiska R. Zakaria e Endang Prangdimurti. "PENGARUH INTERVENSI TAHU KEDELAI HITAM KAYA SERAT TERHADAP GLUKOSA DARAH DAN INFLAMASI RESPONDEN DIABETES TIPE 2". Jurnal Teknologi dan Industri Pangan 27, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2016): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.6066/jtip.2016.27.2.131.
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Bogdan, C., N. Stosiek, H. Fuchs, M. Rollinghoff e W. Solbach. "Detection of Potentially Diagnostic Leishmanial Antigens by Western Blot Analysis of Sera from Patients with Kala-Azar or Multilesional Cutaneous Leishmaniasis". Journal of Infectious Diseases 162, n.º 6 (1 de dezembro de 1990): 1417–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/162.6.1417.
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De Oliveira, Carlos Moisés. "Verdade correspondentista na filosofia prática kantiana, como critério de análise do fenômeno das fake news". Con-Textos Kantianos. International Journal of Philosophy 18 (12 de dezembro de 2023): 103–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/kant.90421.
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O presente artigo busca discutir o complexo fenômeno das fake news, definindo-o, estabelecendo suas principais características e consequências, quer seja para o indivíduo em seu cotidiano, como consequente malefício a sua educação e construção moral, ou os impactos que podem promover em grandes grupos. Para realizar essa análise, lançamos mão da filosofia kantiana, utilizando a sua epistemologia para investigar o significado de verdade e como ele foi articulado em seu corpus teórico; no campo prático, compreendemos a implicação do seu conceito de verdade no direito, na política e na ação moral. Como resultado obtivemos a compreensão do real impacto das fake news e sua capacidade de criar o caos moral, ao passo que lentamente solapa conceitos e instituições indispensáveis para a manutenção da civilização, bem como o caminho da razão se realizando na história.
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Costa, Cândido A. da, Sílvio J. Ramos, Regynaldo A. Sampaio, Denílson O. Guilherme e Luiz Arnaldo Fernandes. "Fibra de coco e resíduo de algodão para substrato de mudas de tomateiro". Horticultura Brasileira 25, n.º 3 (setembro de 2007): 387–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362007000300013.
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O efeito da mistura de fibra de coco (FC) e resíduo compostado de algodão (RA) foi avaliado na formação de substrato para produção de mudas de tomateiro Kada Gigante. O experimento foi conduzido em casa de vegetação no ICA da UFMG em Montes Claros-MG. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental em blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições. Os tratamentos avaliados foram: T1) Substrato comercial Hortimix®; T2) 100% massa seca de resíduo algodão proveniente da compostagem do resíduo da industria têxtil (RA); T3) 20% FC+80% RA; T4) 40% FC+60% RA; T5) 60% FC+40% RA; T6) 80% FC+20% RA; T7) 100% FC+% RA. Foram avaliados o diâmetro do caule, a altura da planta, o índice de velocidade de emergência, a porcentagem de germinação, a massa fresca da parte aérea e a massa fresca da raiz, a massa seca da aérea seca e a massa da matéria seca da raiz. Observou-se que o aumento da proporção de fibra de coco verde em relação ao resíduo compostado de algodão proporcionou maior emergência, e índice de velocidade de emergência, entretanto, o diâmetro do caule, a altura da planta, a massa fresca e seca da parte aérea e do sistema radicular diminuíram com o aumento dessa proporção. O resíduo de algodão proveniente da compostagem do resíduo da industria têxtil, constitui-se em um material útil na produção de substratos comerciais.
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Marques, António. "O Modelo Conflitual da Filosofia Moral de Kant". Con-Textos Kantianos. International Journal of Philosophy, n.º 19 (16 de julho de 2024): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5209/kant.94893.
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O artigo tem como objectivos a) uma reconsideração do conhecido problema da filosofia moral de Kant acerca do valor moral das acções designadas como conformes com o dever, mas que não são realizadas por dever, b) o esclarecimento de problemas que levanta a solução kantiana relacionada com a existência de uma específica conformidade com o dever, ou seja, de acções feitas por “inclinação imediata”; tipicamente estas são acções fundadas na boa vontade e na simpatia, por isso boas acções, mas sem valor moral, c) a demonstração que o valor moral requer a aplicação de um Modelo Conflitual entre dever e inclinação, com exclusão de um Modelo Cooperativo, d) a caracterização do valor moral da acção enquanto processo reflexivo com um elemento normativo. Defendemos que a característica rigorista da moral kantiana é inerente ao seu sistema e que a crítica de Schiller captou com acuidade este tópico. Porém uma avaliação da ética de Kant segundo o Modelo Conflitual não evita, antes exige tal rigorismo.
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Khozhabekovich, Khakimniyazov Jolmurza. "Zoroastrian Temple Of Fire Of The South Aral Sea Region Or Temple Of Fire Zhambas Kala". American Journal of Social Science and Education Innovations 02, n.º 11 (28 de novembro de 2020): 328–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37547/tajssei/volume02issue11-56.
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Manandhar, Krishna D. "Identification of An Antigenic and Potential Diagnostic Marker of Leishmania donovani Infection by Immunoblot Assay". Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 13, n.º 2 (8 de março de 2013): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7716.
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Leishmania donovani parasites from a sodium antimony gluconate (SAG) refractory patients of endemic region were cultured for extraction of crude soluble antigen and performed Western blot with sera from 138 subjects of different groups for diagnosis of Kala azar. The pretreated patients, however, frequently showed 18 bands of different molecular weight, the 85, 74, 63, 31, and 28 kDa were the major proteins against which more than 75% patients developed antibodies. The 74 kDa protein fraction band, which was consistently present in all the pretreated patients(n=35), completely waned out or found in state of virtually absent gloomy band in the six-month follow up patients (n=24). Furthermore, the band was absent in 91% of healthy controls from endemic population(n=33) and was absolutely absent in non-endemic(n=13) and other diseased(n=19) subjects. Although the band was present in 86% of Day 31 subjects(n=14), the average integrated density value (5110±634) of the paired samples was significantly less (p value, <0.0001) than that of Day 0 (11385±1230). The nature of the antigen showed its diagnostic and prognostic importance along with marker for kinetic recovery. Sensitivity and specificity of the protein were absolute in patients and non-endemic population, however, sensitivity was 94% in endemic population. Moreover, it did not show cross-reactivity to different disease groups. Hence, it could be a good diagnostic tool for Kala-azar disease.] Nepal Journal of Science and Technology Vol. 13, No. 2 (2012) 63-72 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njst.v13i2.7716
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Anam, Khairul, Farhat Afrin, Dwijadas Banerjee, Netai Pramanik, Subhasis K. Guha, Rama P. Goswami, Pratap N. Gupta, Shiben K. Saha e Nahid Ali. "Immunoglobulin Subclass Distribution and Diagnostic Value of Leishmania donovani Antigen-Specific Immunoglobulin G3 in Indian Kala-Azar Patients". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, n.º 2 (1 de março de 1999): 231–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.2.231-235.1999.
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ABSTRACT Visceral leishmaniasis, or kala-azar, a fatal tropical disease, remains problematic, as early diagnosis is difficult and treatment often results in drug resistance and relapse. We have developed a sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), using leishmanial membrane antigenic extracts (LAg) to detect specific antibody responses in 25 untreated Indian visceral leishmaniasis patients. To investigate the pathogenetic significance of isotype markers in kala-azar, relative levels of specific immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgM, IgA, IgE, and IgG subclasses were analyzed under clinically established diseased conditions. Since LAg showed higher sensitivity for specific IgG than lysate, the immunoglobulin isotype responses were evaluated, with LAg as antigen. Compared to 60 controls, which included patients with malaria, tuberculosis, leprosy, and typhoid and healthy subjects, visceral leishmaniasis patients showed significantly higher IgG (100% sensitivity, 85% specificity), IgM (48% sensitivity, 100% specificity), and IgE (44% sensitivity, 98.3% specificity) responses. Low levels of IgA in visceral leishmaniasis patients contrasted with a 13-fold-higher reactivity in sera from patients with leprosy. Among IgG subclasses, IgG1, -3, and -4 responses were significantly higher in visceral leishmaniasis patients than in the controls. IgG2 response, however, was significantly higher (twofold) in leprosy than even visceral leishmaniasis patients. The rank orders for sensitivity (IgG = IgG1 = IgG3 = IgG4 > IgG2 > IgM > IgE > IgA) and specificity (IgM = IgG3 > IgE > IgG4 > IgG2 > IgG > IgG1 > IgA) for LAg-specific antibody responses suggest the potentiality of IgG3 as a diagnostic marker for visceral leishmaniasis.
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Masruroh, Uci, e Syafi’i Imam. "Asesmen Perkembangan Kognitif dengan Metode Eksperimen Melalui Kegiatan Pencampuran Warna". Journal of Early Childhood and Character Education 2, n.º 2 (31 de outubro de 2022): 129–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21580/joecce.v2i2.10408.
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Berdasarkan seluruh aspek perkembangan anak, aspek perkembangan kognitif adalah aspek utama yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan aspek yang lainnya.Keterampilan kognitif mempunyai peranan penting bagi keberhasilan anak dalam belajar, karena sebagian besar aktifitas dalam belajar selalu berhubungan dengan masalah mengingat dan berpikir. Pengembangan kognitif bertujuan untuk mengembangkan kemampuan berpikir anak melalui pembelajaran kognitif, bahasa dan matematika. Kemampuan kognitif anak dapat terstimulus dengan baik maka dibutuhkan metode pembelajaran yang tepat dan sesuai dengan kebutuhan dan minat anak. Strategi yang di gunakan dalam kegiatan ini yaitu metode dan pendekatan yang dapat digunakan untuk meningkatkan kemampuan berfikir anak. Salah satunya menggunakan metode pembelajaran eksperimen. Metode ini memberikan kesempatan bagi anak untuk lebih bereksplorasi dalam kegiatan pembelajaran. Kegiatan mencampur warna adalah kegiatan yang sederhana jika diterapkan di taman kanak-kanak dan anak dapat memperoleh pengetahuan baru melalui warna-warna yang akan dicampur nantinya. anak mendapatkan pengetahuan dalam mengenal warna. Warna primer adalah warna merah, kuning, biru yang menjadi warna pokok atau warna dasar. Warna primer merupakan dasar dari terciptanya semua warna dan kita bisa membentuk banyak jenis warna dari perpaduan warna-warna primer. Kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pencampuran warna dengan cara Air merambat dikertas tisu melalui proses yang disebut aksi kapilarisasi. Kerta tisu terbuat dari serat sehingga air dapat berpindah di sela-sela serat kertas. Celah di tisu bertindak seperti tabung kapiler dan menarik air ke atas. Itu sebabnya air dapat naik dari akar tanaman menuju ke daun-daun di atas pohon. Air dapat naik ke atas melawan gaya tarik bumi karena ada dorongan antara air dengan serat dari kertas tisu tersebut. Asesmen yang di gunakan dalam kegiatan ini menggunakan metode observasi .Observasi dilakukan pada saat pembelajaran pengembangan kognitif berlangsung dengan berpedoman kepada pedoman observasi. Dengan menggunakan tabel rubrik dan anekdot.
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Hartanti, Andhani Widya, Muhammad Agil, Setyo Widodo, Zulfi Arsan, Ni Made Ferawati, Vindo Rossy Pertiwi, Aprilia Eva Widyawati, Ganis Mustikawati, Henny Endah Anggreani e Deni Noviana. "Ekokardiografi Transthoraks padaBadak Sumatera (Dicerorhinus sumatrensis)". Jurnal Veteriner 24, n.º 4 (31 de dezembro de 2023): 477–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19087/jveteriner.2023.24.4.477.
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Badak sumatera berada di ambang kepunahan akibat perburuan dan kehilangan habitat. Badak sumatera yang keluar dari habitatnya (doomed) dan terisolasi diselamatkan dan ditranslokasi ke Suaka Rhino Sumatera (SRS) Taman Nasional Way Kambas Lampung dalam rangka melindungi dan membiakkan mereka untuk konservasi. Salah satu penyebab kematian badak sumatera dewasa adalah gangguan jantung (kardiomiopati, miokarditis, infark jantung) dan kegagalan kardiovaskuler akibat penyakit paru-paru maupun gastrointestinal. Tujuan dari studi ini adalah menentukan teknik pemeriksaan ekokardiografi transthoraks pada badak sumatera, melihat struktur internal jantung dan mengetahui dimensi ukuran jantung badak sumatera. Ekokardiografi transthoraks dilakukan pada badak sumatera di Suaka Rhino Sumatera menggunakan transduser phased-array dengan frekuensi 3.5 MHz yang diletakkan di sela iga/intercostae parasternal thoraks sisi kiri (left parasternal) dan kanan (right parasternal). Pada pemeriksaan ekokardiografi, seluruh badak sumatera pada posisi berdiri dalam kondisi sadar tanpa anestesi. Gambaran ekokardiografi Brightness-mode pada badak sumatera paling jelas didapatkan dari sudut pandang left parasternal pada intercostae ke-3 dan ke-4 baik gambaran long axis maupun short axis. Gambaran ekokardiografi yang didapatkan dari sudut pandang left parasternallong axis dan right parasternallong axis berupa four chamber (atrium kanan, atrium kiri, ventrikel kanan, ventrikel kiri), sedangkan five chamber (empat ruang jantung dan aorta) didapatkan dari sudut pandang right apical dan left apical. Dimensi jantung berdasarkan pengukuran dengan Motion-mode adalah IVSd 2,12 ± 0,25 cm; LVIDd 9,70 ± 0,82 cm; LVPWd 1,82 ± 0,12 cm; IVSd/LVPWd 1,20 ± 0,21 cm; bobot ventrikel kiri 1723,90 ± 311,45 g; RWT 0,38 ± 0,05; IVSs 2,83 ± 0,30 cm; LVIDs 5,41 ± 0,96 cm; LVPWs 3,28 ± 0,3 cm; EDV 952,69 ± 231,36 mL; ESV 185,38 ± 90,93 mL; SV 767,31 ± 150,92 mL; CO 38769,19 ± 8222,88 mL/menit; EF 81,95 ± 5,55%; FS 41,96 ± 8,24%.
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sarli, desi. "HUBUNGAN KADAR HORMON OKSITOSIN TERHADAP LAMA KALA III PERSALINAN SERTA PENGARUHNYA TERHADAP JUMLAH PERDARAHAN PADA IBU 2 JAM POSTPARTUM". JIK- JURNAL ILMU KESEHATAN 1, n.º 1 (30 de outubro de 2017): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33757/jik.v1i1.20.
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Wulandari, Siti Abir. "Kontribusi Pendapatan Usahatani Tanaman Sela Dalam Meringankan Biaya Produksi Tanaman Kelapa Sawit Muda". Jurnal MeA (Media Agribisnis) 4, n.º 2 (31 de outubro de 2019): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.33087/mea.v4i2.53.
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Salahsatu kebijakan sektor perkebunan Provinsi Jambi tahun 2019 adalah peremajaan kelapa sawit dengan luas replanting kelapa sawit di Provinsi Jambi adalah 15.177 ha. Sesuai program pemerintah pusat, target peremajaan kelapa sawit di Propinsi Jambi pada tahun 2018 seluas 20 ribu hektar. Tersebar di enam kabupaten yakni Muaro Jambi, Batanghari, Tanjung Jabung Barat, Bungo, Merangin dan Tebo. Program peremajaan tanaman sawit diupayakan melalui bantuan dana hibah sebesar Rp 25 juta per hektaredan sisanya didanai kredit perbankan.Bantuan ini berasal dari Kementerian Keuangan melalui Badan Pengelola Dana Perkebunan (BPDP) Kelapa Sawit. Selain itu petani dianjurkan untuk melakukan usahatani tanaman sela selama masa tunggu kelapa sawit berproduksi.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menghitung besar biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk usahatani kelapa sawit, mengitung besar biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk usahatani tanaman sela, menghitung pendapatan usahatani tanaman sela selama 5 tahun ( 1 periode = 3 bulan) serta menghitung besar kontribusi tanaman sela untuk menutupi biaya tanaman kelapa sawit.Penelitian ini di laksanakan di Kecamatan Sungai Bahar Kabupaten Muaro Jambi, dipilihnya lokasi penelitian ini karena Kecamatan Sungai Bahar merupakan tempat penanaman kelapa sawit pertama di Provinsi Jambi oleh sebab itu Kecamatan Sungai Bahar menjadi contoh bagi petani eks Perkebunan Inti Rakyat (PIR-Trans) dan petani plasma dalam melakukan peremajaan di seluruh Provinsi Jambi. Jenis data yang di kumpulkan dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan waktu adalah jenis data cross section (satu waktu tertentu), dan jenis data menurut skala pengukuran adalah data rasio. Sumber data yang digunakan berasal daridata primer dan data sekunder. Data yang diperoleh dari hasil penelitian disederhanakan dengan cara tabulasi dan persentase, kemudian dianalisis secara deskriptif. Kemudian dilanjutkan dengan analisis pendapatan usahatani kelapa sawit dan tanaman sela. Kajian ekonomi selama 5 tahun dan melakukan uji beda dua rata-rata. Dari hasil di atas maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa :Biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk usahatani kelapa sawit usia muda yaitu sebesar Rp. 73.410 /ha/bln denga rata-rata luas lahan 2,8 Ha. Biaya yang dibutuhkan untuk usahatani tanaman sela yaitu sebesar Rp. 289.079/ha/bln.Rata-rata pendapatan usahatani tanaman sela yaitu sebesar Rp 7.139.003/ha/bln. Pendapatan usahatani tanaman sela berkontribusi 100 % dalam untuk menutupi biaya tanaman kelapa sawit kaena seluruh biaya operasional tanaman kelapa sawit muda tertutupi oleh pendapatan tanaman sela. Kata Kunci : Usahatani, Kelapa sawit, Replanting, Tanaman sela,
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Mitra, Rahul, Surya Bhan, Gopal Nath, Narender Kumar e Ziledar Ali. "Development of a Novel Rapid Immunodiagnostic Kit Based on Flagellar 40 kDa Antigen Epitope for the Detection of Typhoid Fever in Indian Patients". Scientific World Journal 2013 (2013): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/363652.
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To aid the clinical diagnosis of typhoid fever in India, where most hospitals and primary health centres have no facilities for culture, we report on the development of a novel and rapid immunodiagnostic kit for the direct detection ofSalmonellaTyphi—specific IgG antibodies againstS. Typhi flagellar H antigen. The disease often does not show a specific clinical picture, and can be confused with other febrile illness such as malaria, dengue fever andStaphylococcus aureus. To overcome the problem of cross reactivity specific epitope of the flagellar H antigen was immobilised on the testing kit strip eliminating chances of cross reactivity and false positive results thereby increasing the specificity of the test. Since the immunodiagnostic kit, uses the flagellar H antigen from bacteria present in our country, the antibodies present in the serum of patients of our country will have maximum binding affinity, enhancing the sensitivity of our test kit. The immunodiagnostic kit on analysis gave a positive result with clinically diagnosed typhoid positive patient serum and negative results were obtained with the sera of clinically diagnosed malaria, abscess ofStaphylococcus aureusand Visceral leishmaniasis (Kala-azar) patients.
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Supriadi, Handi, e Yulius Ferry. "Perubahan Cadangan Karbon pada Peremajaan Karet Rakyat". Jurnal Tanaman Industri dan Penyegar 1, n.º 3 (1 de novembro de 2014): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/jtidp.v1n3.2014.p133-140.
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<p>Peremajaan tanaman karet (Hevea brasiliensis) memberikan konsekuensi menurunnya cadangan karbon sehingga diperlukan teknik untuk meminimalisasi kehilangan tersebut. Penelitian bertujuan menganalisis perubahan cadangan karbon pada penebangan tanaman karet tua sebanyak 30%, 50%, 70%, dan 100% yang diikuti oleh penanaman karet muda dengan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah). Penelitian dilaksanakan bulan Januari sampai Desember 2013 pada pertanaman karet rakyat umur 25 tahun di Kecamatan Way Tuba, Kabupaten Way Kanan, Lampung. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah acak kelompok dengan tiga ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah penebangan tanaman karet tua 30%, 50%, 70%, dan 100% yang masing-masing diikuti dengan penanaman karet muda dan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah). Variabel yang diamati: (1) bobot segar dan kering (biomassa); (2) kandungan karbon terikat (fixed carbon); dan (3) cadangan karbon pada pertanaman karet, jagung, kacang tanah, dan tanaman karet muda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penebangan karet sebanyak 30%–100% dari populasi menurunkan cadangan karbon sebesar 7,4–24,29 ton C/ha. Penanaman karet muda dan tanaman sela (jagung dan kacang tanah) dapat berkontribusi terhadap penambahan karbon sebesar 0,98-3,28 ton C/ha sehingga kehilangan karbon akibat penebangan tanaman karet tua berkurang menjadi 6,29–22,92 ton C/ha.</p><p>Kata kunci: Hevea brasiliensis, peremajaan, cadangan karbon, tanaman sela</p><p>Rejuvenation of rubber tree (Hevea brasiliensis) can lead to a reduction of carbon stocks. Therefore, appropriate methods are needed to minimize such losses. The objective of this study was to analyze the changes on carbon stocks in the rejuvenation of rubber with logging system of 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100% and intercrops between the young rubber plantation (maize and peanuts). The research was conducted from January to December 2013 at smallholder rubber plantation in Way Tuba District, Way Kanan Regency, Lampung when the trees were 25 years old. The design used was a randomized block design with three replications. The tested treatments were logging of old rubber plants at 30%, 50%, 70%, and 100%, which then followed by planting of young rubber plants and intercropped (maize and peanut). The variables measured were: (1) fresh weight and dry weight (biomass); (2) fixed carbon content; and (3) carbon stocks on rubber plantation, maize, peanuts, and young rubber plants. The results showed that rubber logging at about 30%–100% could reduce carbon stocks by 7.4–24.29 ton C/ha. However, planting of young rubber plants as well as intercropped (maize and peanut) may contributed to the carbon enrichment up to 0.98-3.28 ton C/ha. Hence, the loss of carbon due to logging system turn out to be 6.29–22.92 ton C/ha.</p>
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Chatterjee, Mitali, Charles L. Jaffe, Shyam Sundar, Debasis Basu, Sandeep Sen e Chitra Mandal. "Diagnostic and Prognostic Potential of a Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Leishmaniasis in India". Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, n.º 4 (1 de julho de 1999): 550–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.4.550-554.1999.
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ABSTRACT A Leishmania donovani species-specific monoclonal antibody (monoclonal antibody D2) was evaluated for its diagnostic and prognostic potential by a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (C-ELISA) in sera from Indian patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and seven patients with post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL). These results were compared with those obtained by microscopy with Giemsa-stained tissue smears and a direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (direct ELISA) with crude parasite antigen. Of 121 patients with clinically diagnosed VL examined, 103 (85.1%) were positive and 11 (9.1%) were negative by all three methods. An additional 7 (5.8%) who were negative by microscopy were positive by both C-ELISA and direct ELISA. Seven PKDL patients were also examined and were found to be positive by all three methods. Analysis of the chemotherapeutic response to sodium antimony gluconate of these 110 serologically positive VL patients showed that 57 (51.8%) were drug responsive and 53 (48.2%) were drug resistant. The C-ELISA with sera from 20 longitudinally monitored VL patients before and after chemotherapy showed a significant decrease in percent inhibition of monoclonal antibody D2 in drug-responsive patients. However, in drug-unresponsive patients, the percent inhibition of D2 was unchanged or was slightly increased. Our results therefore indicate (i) the applicability of L. donovani species-specific monoclonal antibody D2 for sensitive and specific serodiagnosis by C-ELISA, (ii) that the C-ELISA is more sensitive than microscopy, especially for early diagnosis, (iii) that L. donovani is still the main causative agent of VL, irrespective of the chemotherapeutic response, and (iv) that the C-ELISA can be used to evaluate the success of drug treatment.
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Luvanda, Maureen K. "Uchambuzi wa Hali ya Ukatili wa Wanyama Katika Mashamba Nchini Kenya". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 5, n.º 1 (19 de abril de 2022): 50–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.5.1.626.
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Hati hii imetayarishwa kushughulikia maswala ya ustawi wa mifugo nchini Kenya na kuongezeka kwa ujuzi wa wafanyikazi wa mstari wa mbele kuhusiana na swala la viwango na sheria zinazoongoza ustawi wa wanyama. Lengo kuu lilikuwa kutathmini vipengele vya utunzaji wa wanyama, matibabu na ujuzi wa ustawi wa wanyama miongoni mwa wakulima nchini Kenya. Tuligundua ya kwamba wakulima wengi hawaelewi kimsingi ustawi wa wanyama kwa kuwa wengi wao hawajapata mafunzo maalum na wengi wao hawajui sheria zilizopo kuhusu mada hiyo. Wadau wengine walitathminiwa pia kwa madhumuni ya kulinganisha na madaktari wa mifugo na kama ilivyotarajiwa walikuwa na ujuzi zaidi kuhusu ustawi wa wanyama na desturi zinazoikuza. Hata hivyo, kadhaa walionelea kwamba serikali haikuweka juhudi za kutosha katika kukuza ufahamu wa umma au hata kuhamasisha jamii dhidi ya ukatili wa wanyama. Kulingana na maelezo yaliyopatikana, hati hii iliundwa ili kutoa suluhisho ya vitendo linapohusu swala la kuongeza ustawi wa wanyama nchini Kenya. Mapendekezo haya ni pamoja na kuishinikiza serikali kuanzisha sera madhubuti dhidi ya ukatili wa wanyama, kuwahimiza maafisa wa sheria kutekeleza sheria za sasa kwa kutumia mifumo ambayo tayari iko na kuhimiza mazungumzo ya jamii na ushiriki wa moja kwa moja wa watu walio mstari wa mbele.
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Mwanakombo Mohamed; Mosol Kandagor, Jane Jepkoech Singoei;. "Jinsi Vipengele vya Kitamaduni katika Matini Teule ya Kiswahili na Kikalenjin Vilivyochangia Mtafsiri Kuiandika Upya Bukuit Ne Tilil." Editon Consortium Journal of Kiswahili 2, n.º 1 (30 de setembro de 2020): 110–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.51317/ecjkisw.v2i1.155.
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Utafiti huu ulidhamiria kuchunguza jinsi vipengele vya kitamaduni katika matini teule ya Kiswahili na Kikalenjin vilivyochangia mtafsiri kuiandika upya Bukuit ne Tilil. Utafiti huu uliongozwa na nadharia mbili, ambazo ni nadharia ya tafsiri vitendo ambayo ilitumika kubaini jinsi tofauti za kimazingira kati ya hadhira ya matini asilia na ya matini pokezi ilivyopelekea uandishi upya kufanyika wakati wa kutafsiri. Nadharia ya pili ni ya ulinganifu, ambapo matini asilia ililinganishwa na matini pokezi ili kubaini kama ujumbe ulihifadhiwa katika matini tafsiri. Aidha, tamaduni, matumizi ya msamiati na sarufi zililinganishwa kwa kuchunguza mikakati na mbinu zilizotumika kutafsiri matini asilia, na hivyo kubaini uandishi upya katika matini pokezi. Data zilikusanywa kupitia uchunguzi maktabani na vilevile kuwasaili washikadau katika Ofisi ya Utafsiri wa Bibilia ya Kapsabet na Shirika la Kutafsiri Biblia nchini, pamoja na wazungumza lugha ya Kikalenjin ambao walituelekeza juu ya matumizi ya baadhi ya maneno. Usampuli wa kimakusudi ulitumiwa ili kupata data iliyotumika katika uchanganuzi. Kitabu cha Mithali katika Agano la Kale kiliteuliwa kwa minajili ya utafiti huu. Matokeo ya utafiti huu yalikuwa: utamaduni wa Waswahili na wa Wakalenjin ni tofauti na hii ilipelekea uandishi upya ufanywe katika tafsiri. Utafiti unapendekeza yafuatayo: Sera za elimu kuhusu lugha za kienyeji zinafaa kutilia maanani tafsiri ya matini za kufundishia.
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Ijoma, S., I. Shittu, C. Chinyere, K. A. Olawuyi, D. A. Gado, I. O. Nwagbo, C. A. Meseko e T. M. Joannis. "Sero-prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus in free-range chicken in Plateau state, Nigeria". Sokoto Journal of Veterinary Sciences 18, n.º 4 (18 de fevereiro de 2021): 221–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/sokjvs.v18i4.6.
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Globally, infectious bronchitis (IB) is an important respiratory viral disease responsible for enormous economic losses to poultry farmers. In Nigeria, limited reports on the prevalence and serotypes of the IB virus are available. Here, we investigated the prevalence and serotypes of infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) in chicken in Plateau State. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out involving 440 apparently healthy free-range local chickens sampled from eleven villages in four Local Government Areas (LGA) of Plateau State. Sera collected from the birds were screened for the presence of four IBV serotypes namely; Massachusetts (Mass), Arkansas (Ark), Connecticut (Con) and Delaware (De-072) using haemagglutinationinhibition (HI) test. In all, a prevalence of 82.95% (n = 365) was recorded. At LGAlevel, prevalence of 79.50%, 47.37%, 95.45% and 100% were recorded in Kanam, Mangu, Qua’an pan and Bassa LGAs, respectively. Based on serotype prevalence, Mass had 89.30% (n = 326); Ark 79.70% (n = 291); Con 88.20% (n = 322) while De-072 was 42.70% (n = 156). There were statistically significant associations between dominant serotype and the LGAs (p≤0.001). This study shows high prevalence of IBwith at least four strains of IBV present in free-range chicken flocks in Plateau State requiring attention for control measures.
Keywords: Free-range chicken; Infectious bronchitis virus; Plateau state, Serosurvey, Serotype
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Gacheiya, Raphael Mwaura, Jonathan Furaha Chai e Catherine Wawasi Kitetu. "“Gari ni Testing”: Uhalalishaji wa Mahusiano ya Kingono Miongoni mwa Wazulufu Nchini Kenya". East African Journal of Swahili Studies 5, n.º 1 (7 de outubro de 2022): 388–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/jammk.5.1.878.
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“My friend always tells me of how good it is... how sweet it is... when will I know these things?”
Ulimwenguni, tafiti kuhusu tabia za wazulufu zimebainisha kuwa wazulufu hushiriki ngono za mapema licha ya ujamianaji kabla ya ndoa kukashifiwa. Imegunduliwa kuwa utamaduni, matumizi ya lugha na miktadha ya kijamii huwa na nafasi muhimu katika kuelewa na kuthibiti mahusiano na ushiriki wa ngono. Hata hivyo, ni kweli kuwa kutokana na mabadiliko ya jamii kiuchumi, kisiasa na kijamii, tamaduni hizi zimeasiwa na kupelekea itikadi ya kujihini na ubikira kutozingatiwa na wazulufu. Makala haya yanalenga kuangazia jinsi wazulufu kwa kuegemea peo za kimazungumzo wanavyohalalisha ngono za mapema miongoni mwao. Hili litaafikiwa kupitia Nadharia ya Uchanganuzi wa Peo kama ilivyoasisiwa na E. Goffman mwaka wa 1974. Data inatokana na mazungumzo katika vikundi kiini miongoni mwa wazulufu katika shule za upili nchini Kenya. Kwa kutumia nadharia ya uchanganuzi peo, inabainika kuwa wazulufu huhalalisha tabia za kujamiana na ngono za kabla ya ndoa kupitia peo nne za mazungumzo: upeo wa udharura, upeo wa kujihini, upeo wa mamlaka na upeo wa uanishi na utambulisho. Peo hizi za mazungumzo zaweza kuwa kiingilio muhimu cha kuwaelewa wazulufu na kuunda mbinu na sera mwafaka za kukabiliana na changamoto zinazowakumba
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Feletar, Ivica, e Marina Tomić. "Povjerenje potrošača u prodajne kanale svježeg mesa". Meso 19, n.º 2 (2017): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31727/m.19.2.4.
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Povjerenje potrošača u prodajne kanale ključan je čimbenik u procesu donošenja kupovnih odluka, a poznavanje čimbenika koji utječu na to povjerenje od velikog je značaja za dionike na strani ponude. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je ispitati utjecaj sociodemografskih obilježja potrošača i njihovog zadovoljstva ponudom na povjerenje u svježe meso iz dva prodajna kanala, mesnice i supermarketa. Također, ispitan je i utjecaj povjerenja potrošača u svježe meso iz mesnica i svježe meso iz supermarketa na izbor najčešćeg mjesta kupnje svježeg mesa. Rezultati anketnog ispitivanja pokazali su da ispitanici iz grada imaju više povjerenja u mesnice i supermarkete kada kupuju svježe meso od ispitanika sa sela. Što su ispitanici zadovoljniji ponudom svježeg mesa, to imaju i više povjerenja u oba istraživana prodajna kanala. Također, rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da porastom povjerenja u prodajne kanale, raste i vjerojatnost odabira tih prodajnih kanala kao najčešćeg mjesta kupnje svježeg mesa. Ovim istraživanjem dobivene su korisne informacije za marketare u mesnom sektoru.
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de Albuquerque Neto, Antonio AR, e Roberta MN Peil. "Produtividade biológica de genótipos de tomateiro em sistema hidropônico no outono/inverno". Horticultura Brasileira 30, n.º 4 (dezembro de 2012): 613–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0102-05362012000400009.
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O crescimento da planta de tomateiro depende de numerosos fatores, entre os quais se podem mencionar o genótipo, a radiação solar global incidente, a temperatura, a nutrição, o suprimento de água e a concentração de CO2, que atuam conjuntamente em complexa interação. Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar a produtividade biológica de sete genótipos de tomateiro em cultivo hidropônico, no ciclo de outono/inverno caracterizado por baixa disponibilidade de radiação solar global, enfocando aspectos vegetativos e produtivos, a partição dos fotoassimilados e a eficiência no uso da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa (PAR), a fim de definir o(s) mais promissor(es) para o cultivo em casa de vegetação no sul do Rio Grande do Sul. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi em blocos casualizados com 7 tratamentos (genótipos) e 3 repetições, com 6 plantas por parcela. Dos genótipos utilizados, cinco pertencem ao grupo dos minitomates: Tomate Cereja Pendente Yubi Feltrin® (hábito determinado), Cereja Vermelho ISLA®, Minitomate Pêra Amarelo TOP SEED®, Grape (não comercial), Flavor Top (não comercial). Além desses, estudaram-se os genótipos Tomate Santa Cruz Kada Gigante TOP SEED® e Tomate Gaúcho TOP SEED®. As avaliações foram produtividade (g m-2) de matéria fresca e seca de hastes, folhas e frutos; área foliar; altura e compacidade de planta; radiação solar global e PAR incidentes. Os genótipos mais promissores para o cultivo em épocas de baixa disponibilidade de radiação solar são Kada Gigante, do tipo Santa Cruz, e Cereja Yubi de crescimento determinado, do grupo dos minitomates, por apresentarem produtividade de frutos superiores e uma alta eficiência no uso da PAR.
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Souza, Ataiza de Andrade, Maria Luiza Grigio, Cássia Rejane do Nascimento, Auriane da Conceição Dutra da Silva, Elizanilda Ramalho do Rego e Mailson Monteiro do Rego. "Caracterização química e física de frutos de diferentes acessos de tomateiro em casa de vegetação". REVISTA AGRO@MBIENTE ON-LINE 5, n.º 2 (12 de setembro de 2011): 113. http://dx.doi.org/10.18227/1982-8470ragro.v5i2.534.
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O tomate (Solanum lycopersicon) é cultivado em grande escala na agricultura brasileira sendo uma das culturas mais difundidas em todo mundo. Por se tratar de uma cultura de ciclo relativamente curto e de altos rendimentos, a cultura do tomate tem boas perspectivas econômicas e a área cultivada vem aumentando a cada dia. Objetivou-se com este trabalho avaliar as características físicas e químicas de frutos de diferentes acessos de tomateiro nas condições de casa de vegetação em Boa Vista-RR. Foram avaliados seis acessos, sendo: 18 (tomate cereja), 209 (tomate cereja), 243 (CNPH 738), 101 (tomate Santa Cruz-KADA), 102 (tomate Yoshimatsu) e 246 (CNPH 0171). O experimento foi conduzido em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado com seis tratamentos e quatro repetições. Os frutos no ponto de colheita, devidamente identificados foram colhidos e avaliados quanto às seguintes características: teor de vitamina C, pH, acidez titulável, sólidos solúveis, relação sólidos solúveis/acidez titulável, massa fresca, diâmetro transversal e longitudinal do fruto, espessura do pericarpo e teor de matéria seca. Os dados obtidos foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas pelo teste de Duncan a 5% de probabilidade. Excetuando-se a variável teor de sólidos solúveis totais, as demais variáveis estudadas apresentaram diferenças estatísticas. Todos os acessos apresentam atributos próprios para consumo in natura. Com exceção dos acessos 101 e 102, devido ao pH elevado (acesso 101) e baixo teor de matéria seca (acesso 101 e 102), os demais apresentam atributos próprio para processamento industrial.