Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Japanese language – english"
Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Japanese language – english.
Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos
Veja os 50 melhores artigos de revistas para estudos sobre o assunto "Japanese language – english".
Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.
Veja os artigos de revistas das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.
1
Alharaki, Sura, Muhammad Alif Redzuan Abdullah e Syed Nurulakla Bin Syed Abdullah Abdullah. "Comprehension of English Loanwords in Japanese by Japanese and English Speakers". World Journal of English Language 13, n.º 5 (24 de abril de 2023): 412. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n5p412.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This study addresses our understanding of English loanwords in the modern Japanese language. It aims to investigate the two types of English loanwords and made-in-Japan loanwords among Malaysian English speakers and native Japanese. The proposed study utilized a quantitative approach to determine the understanding of two groups of speakers; 60 Japanese speakers in Japan and 60 English speakers in Malaysia. The data collection of this research was completed using two questionnaires. The two questionnaires consist of 14 sentences with these two types of English loanwords selected from Japanese textbooks and other sources. The findings reflected correct responses to the meaning of English loanwords and made-in-Japan loanwords for Japanese speakers. The English speakers showed correct responses for English loanwords, however, they were discrepancies in responses when it comes to made-in-Japan loanwords. This research breaks ground on the issue of the comprehension of English loanwords and made-in-Japan among Native Japanese speakers and Malaysian English speakers. This study incorporates the theory of language contact by Thomason (2001). The contact occurs where the mutual influence of languages happens leading to code-switching, borrowing, and loanwords formed by the social setting and the contact environment. It also employs the theory of language awareness to support second language learning and develop the learner’s comprehension. The significance of the study emphasizes English language learning benefits and the importance of the learners’ understanding of the differences between English loanwords to utilize them in vocabulary building.
2
Oeinada, I. Gede. "Contact Phonology : Fonologi Kata Serapan dalam Bahasa Jepang". Pustaka : Jurnal Ilmu-Ilmu Budaya 18, n.º 1 (28 de fevereiro de 2018): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/pjiib.2018.v18.i01.p04.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This paper focuses its discussion about loanword phonology in Japanese language. Loanword phonology is one of five contact phonology situations that was described by Smith (2007). The four other situations are areal influence, dialect mixing, language mixing, and simplification. Japanese language has been borrowing many words from foreign languages. One of those foreign languages is English. As we all know that both languages, Japanese and English, have different phonological system. Therefore, borrowed words of English language has been adapted to fit the phonological patterns of Japanese language. This adaptation could solve the loanword phonology problem. And because up until now the number of loanword in Japanese language is till limited so the phonological system of Japanese language is remain unaffected. In other words, the loadwords’ phonology does not cause lasting changes in the phonological system of Japanese language.
3
Brown, Amanda. "Gesture viewpoint in Japanese and English". Gestures in language development 8, n.º 2 (4 de agosto de 2008): 256–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.8.2.08bro.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abundant evidence across languages, structures, proficiencies, and modalities shows that properties of first languages influence performance in second languages. This paper presents an alternative perspective on the interaction between established and emerging languages within second language speakers by arguing that an L2 can influence an L1, even at relatively low proficiency levels. Analyses of the gesture viewpoint employed in English and Japanese descriptions of motion events revealed systematic between-language and within-language differences. Monolingual Japanese speakers used significantly more Character Viewpoint than monolingual English speakers, who predominantly employed Observer Viewpoint. In their L1 and their L2, however, native Japanese speakers with intermediate knowledge of English patterned more like the monolingual English speakers than their monolingual Japanese counterparts. After controlling for effects of cultural exposure, these results offer valuable insights into both the nature of cross-linguistic interactions within individuals and potential factors underlying gesture viewpoint.
4
Yendra, Yendra. "Exploring Scribling in Padang City Public Sphere". e-Journal of Linguistics 14, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2020): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/e-jl.2020.v14.i01.p06.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The aim of this study is to explore language in written form that is visible through scribbling in the Padang city public sphere, and focus to describes the linguistic preferences as scribbling form. This study reveal categories of scribbling form which are: (1) form category base on element of language system such as words, phrases, and sentences; (2) form category base on composition of language use such as monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual. Languages compositions in monolingual are Bahasa Indonesia, Minangkabau, English, Arabic, Japanese, Italian, and Spain. Languages composition in bilingual which are, Indonesia + English, Indonesia + Minangkabau, English + Minangkabau, Indonesia + Arabic, English + Arabic, and English + Japanese. Languages composition in bilingual which are Indonesia + Inggris + Minangkabau, Indonesia + English + Arab, Indonesia + English + Latin, and Indonesia + English + Minangkabau + Japanese.
5
Gapur, Abdul, e Taulia. "Japanglish: The Benefits of English Proficiency for Japanese Language Students' Vocabulary Acquisition in North Sumatra". International Journal of Cultural and Art Studies 7, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2023): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32734/ijcas.v7i1.11868.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Japanglish is a popular term for absorbing English words into the Japanese language. The phenomenon emerged due to the global usage of English as an international language, which has influenced other languages, including Japanese. As a result, many English loanwords have been absorbed into the Japanese language, particularly for modern terminology. These loanwords are known as gairaigo (外来語) or katakanago (カタカナ語). Although the incorporation process involves morphological and phonological changes, English loanwords are easily recognizable to those who understand English. This study aims to prove that English Proficiency among Japanese language learners can help improve their mastery of Japanese vocabulary and conversational ability. The study was conducted by providing special instructions on the formation and usage of Japanese loanwords in conversation. The study approach is qualitative with a descriptive method, employing behavioral theory and pre-test and post-test evaluation methods. Data were collected through observation of the teaching process and pre-test and post-test results from Japanese language students in Sumatra Utara. The findings indicate that English language proficiency among students offers advantages and influence in the mastery of Japanese vocabulary, especially in loanwords, and facilitates communication in conversation.
6
Alfarisy, Fitri. "Japanese and English Students Perspective on Social Media". KIRYOKU 5, n.º 1 (10 de junho de 2021): 122–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v5i1.122-129.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Social media has created new possibilities for digitally native students to engage, interact and collaborate in learning tasks that foster learning processes and the overall learning experience. By using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article discusses the perspectives of Japanese and English students towards social media. As we know, foreign language learning is facilitated by social media and especially for a new generation of students. This paper contributes to an understanding of how language learners’ perspectives on social media. 52 English students and 18 Japanese students participate in the research as the sample. We found that most of the students aware of the benefit of social media for learning languages. Furthermore, the study showed that both English and Japanese students preferred to use English or Indonesian languages to do social media activities such as posting, writing a caption, or commenting than local language or Japanese language. Therefore, Japanese and English students should improve their awareness of social media for language learners.
7
Man, Laura, Gavin Bui e Mark Feng Teng. "From second language to third language learning". Australian Review of Applied Linguistics 41, n.º 1 (12 de outubro de 2018): 61–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aral.17051.man.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract This mixed-methods study explores English and Japanese learning motivations in a group of Japanese summer course participants at a university in Hong Kong. Sixty-one Cantonese-speaking students completed two questionnaire surveys on co-existing motivations for learning L2 English and L3 Japanese. Depending on the questionnaire results, eight participants were selected to take part in the two subsequent interviews. The findings revealed that the participants perceived L2 English learning as a school subject and a practical tool for academics and career. It was instrumentality, rather than integrativeness, that motivated the students to learn English. Contrary results were found for L3 Japanese language learning, as the learners had more cultural interest, positive learning experience, self-confidence, and positive attitudes. This study, therefore, argues that L2 and L3 motivations merit distinct status. There appears to exist a dual-motivation system amongst these multilingual learners. The study also provides insights into how geographical and psychological distances could impact language learning under the phenomena of globalisation.
8
Dougill, John. "Japan and English as an alien language". English Today 24, n.º 1 (22 de fevereiro de 2008): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078408000059.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
ABSTRACTStarts with excerpt from John Dougill, English as a decorative language (ET12, 1987). Twenty years on English still decorates Japan. At the end of the 1980s, Japan's bubble economy burst and the country has been rectifying the ills of the past ever since. The drive to improve is a marked feature of the culture, and much has changed in the past twenty years. The number of ‘international Japanese’ has grown, as has the number of competent English speakers. Education has been freed up, English introduced into primary schools, and listening tests established in national exams. Yet the peculiarities of Japanese English (called Janglish or Engrish by some) continue to adorn the country's buildings, goods and items of clothing.
9
Honna, Nobuyuki. "English in Japanese society: Language within language". Journal of Multilingual and Multicultural Development 16, n.º 1-2 (janeiro de 1995): 45–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01434632.1995.9994592.
Texto completo da fonte
10
Danardana, Michael Dony. "AN ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN AKB48 SONGS". ELTR Journal 2, n.º 1 (13 de janeiro de 2018): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37147/eltr.v2i1.93.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There are vast amount of English loanwords in Japanese language than other languages. It is in contradistinction to the fact that Japanese language itself has a distant difference in terms of phonology, syntax, pragmatics and discourse from English. Certainly, the borrowing of English words in Japanese language involves some loanword transformations in order to fit its language system. In order to discover those, first, the researcher reviews the relevant literature of the loanword transformations in Japanese. Then, the researcher analyses the types of loanwords transformation from English loanwords production of 5 AKB48 songs. Document analysis was used in this research. The result shows that phonological transformation is the dominant type used in the songs.
11
Danardana, Michael Dony. "AN ANALYSIS ON ENGLISH LOANWORDS IN AKB48 SONGS". ELTR Journal 2, n.º 1 (13 de janeiro de 2018): 25–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.37147/eltr.v2i1.93.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
There are vast amount of English loanwords in Japanese language than other languages. It is in contradistinction to the fact that Japanese language itself has a distant difference in terms of phonology, syntax, pragmatics and discourse from English. Certainly, the borrowing of English words in Japanese language involves some loanword transformations in order to fit its language system. In order to discover those, first, the researcher reviews the relevant literature of the loanword transformations in Japanese. Then, the researcher analyses the types of loanwords transformation from English loanwords production of 5 AKB48 songs. Document analysis was used in this research. The result shows that phonological transformation is the dominant type used in the songs.
12
ATHANASOPOULOS, PANOS. "Effects of the grammatical representation of number on cognition in bilinguals". Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 9, n.º 1 (27 de fevereiro de 2006): 89–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728905002397.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Research investigating the relationship between language and cognition (Lucy, 1992b) shows that speakers of languages with grammatical number marking (e.g. English) judge differences in the number of countable objects as more significant than differences in the number or amount of non-countable substances. On the other hand, speakers of languages which lack grammatical number marking (e.g. Yucatec) show no such preference. The current paper extends Lucy's (1992b) investigation, comparing monolingual English and Japanese speakers with Japanese speakers of English as a second language (L2). Like Yucatec, Japanese is a non-plural-marking language. Results show that intermediate L2 speakers behave similarly to the Japanese monolinguals while advanced L2 speakers behave similarly to the English monolinguals. The results (a) provide support for the claim that grammatical representation may influence cognition in specific ways and (b) suggest that L2 acquisition may alter cognitive dispositions established by a first language (L1).
13
Phadvibulya, Tavicha. "English Language Education in Japan: From Westernization to Globalization". MANUSYA 7, n.º 3 (2004): 41–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/26659077-00703005.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Japan is one of the most influential countries in the world's economy and politics. Although the country is perceived as being well-equipped technologically and having an industrious, highly literate, and energetic population, foreign language education, especially in English, has long been a critical issue. From the time of the Meiji Restoration (1868-1945), the Japanese have considered studying foreign languages to be tool to facilitate the Westernization of the country. It was also a key factor in Japan's recovery and rapid economic growth in the decades following the end of World War II (1945-1952). After the postwar period (1960s- present), however, foreign languages, previously seen as a one-way tool for absorbing Western civilization, became a tool for two-way communication where ideas are shared and exchanged. This has been due to the fact that, with the arrival of the 21st century, Japanese society is facing many more challenges as a result of changing cultural norms, advances in science and, most importantly, the progress of globalization in the economy and in society. Accordingly, in 2004, the Japanese Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology (MEXT) inaugurated a policy for the improvement of communication skills in English, viewing it as essential for the Japanese to acquire communication skills in English as a common international language in order to function in the 21st century. The series of reforms being introduced due to the changing needs of the country, including the efforts made, the outcomes gained and the quick expansion of foreign-language education, is worth keeping an eye on and, thus, constitutes the focal interest of this investigation.
14
Luchenko, Olha, Olha Doronina e Yevhen Chervinko. "Possible Factors Influencing the Willingness to Use English in Teaching Japanese as a Foreign Language by Non-Native Speakers". Sustainable Multilingualism 24, n.º 1 (30 de maio de 2024): 45–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/sm-2024-0003.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract In recent years, teachers have had students from diverse language and cultural backgrounds in their classrooms due to increasing human migration in many countries. Therefore, multilingual learning and teaching have become a widespread phenomenon. Research on English language teaching and learning in multilingual contexts has gained great importance. However, teaching languages other than English and foreign language teachers’ practices in this specific context have received little attention so far. Teaching the highly contextualised Japanese language poses challenges in multilingual classrooms, and teachers more frequently resort to using English as the medium of instruction. To shed light on Japanese non-native teachers’ practices, the study explored and analysed two hundred and seventy-four teachers’ responses to the questionnaire “Teaching the Japanese language in multilingual classrooms – English medium instruction approach (EMI)”. The research attempts a worldwide study on using EMI in teaching Japanese as a foreign language (JFL). It examines a broad geographic scope of JFL teachers’ practices from fifty-seven predominantly non-Anglophone countries. The present article focuses on investigating various factors affecting JFL teachers’ willingness to use EMI that can be classified into demographic, linguistic, and contextual. The results revealed several factors of significant influence, such as JFL teachers’ work experience, the highest education level attained, educational stage, geographic region, native language group, Japanese language proficiency, and knowledge of other languages (multilingualism). The factors that appeared to be of insufficient influence were age, study of teaching methods/linguodidactics and level of Japanese taught. The factor of JFL teachers’ language proficiency (both English and Japanese) falls into a separate category of influence, where a significant difference was noted for proficient and near-native levels.
15
Sarif S, Irzam, e Dadang Suganda. "Interferences Of English-Japanese Language In The Covid-19 Pandemic". IZUMI 9, n.º 2 (29 de novembro de 2020): 121–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.9.2.121-127.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Interference is the use of other language elements by individual bilingual languages. Several researchers have researched interference, but no one has examined the interference with Covid-19 as an object. This study aims to describe the forms of English language phonological, morphological, and syntactic interference to the Japanese language. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method, with data sources in the form of vocabulary or terms during the Covid-19 pandemic. The results of this study indicated that the phonological interference forms found are phoneme addition, phoneme insertion, and phoneme substitution, which are caused by differences in syllables. The morphological and syntax interference in the form of compound words and phrases caused by differences in the class of terms that form between the two languages.
16
Rambe, Agung Olaf Ridho, e Rahmadsyah Rangkuti. "ENGLISH VS JAPANESE : THE PHONOLOGICAL SYSTEM ENGLISH LANGUAGE INTO ABSORPTION IN JAPANESE". Hikari: Jurnal Bahasa dan Kebudayaan 2, n.º 1 (29 de novembro de 2022): 88–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.37301/hikari.v2i1.10.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The purpose of this study is to explain phonological processes and phonological rules foreign language absorption words into Japanese through the study of generative phonology transformational. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. Data sources obtained from written sources, namely in the form of words derived from a dictionary of absorption words Japanese language. The results of this study are that it is known that there are 7 phonological processes that occur on the process of absorption of English words into Japanese is as the following: (1) the process of adding the /u/ segment at the end of the word, (2) adding the /o/ segment in the end of the word, (3) the addition of the /u/ segment in the middle of the word, (4) the addition of the /o/ segment in the middle word, (5) substitution of phoneme /l/ into /r/, (6) substitution of phoneme /v/ into /b/, (7) addition segment /i/, (8) Substitute the phoneme /t/ into the phoneme /c/. The process of phonological change in the absorption of English into Japanese is influenced by internal factors namely the difference between the phonological systems found in English and Japanese.
17
ATHANASOPOULOS, PANOS, e CHISE KASAI. "Language and thought in bilinguals: The case of grammatical number and nonverbal classification preferences". Applied Psycholinguistics 29, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2008): 105–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716408080053.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
ABSTRACTRecent research shows that speakers of languages with obligatory plural marking (English) preferentially categorize objects based on common shape, whereas speakers of nonplural-marking classifier languages (Yucatec and Japanese) preferentially categorize objects based on common material. The current study extends that investigation to the domain of bilingualism. Japanese and English monolinguals, and Japanese–English bilinguals were asked to match novel objects based on either common shape or color. Results showed that English monolinguals selected shape significantly more than Japanese monolinguals, whereas the bilinguals shifted their cognitive preferences as a function of their second language proficiency. The implications of these findings for conceptual representation and cognitive processing in bilinguals are discussed.
18
Song, Yuting, Biligsaikhan Batjargal e Akira Maeda. "Learning Japanese-English Bilingual Word Embeddings by Using Language Specificity". International Journal of Asian Language Processing 30, n.º 03 (setembro de 2020): 2050014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2717554520500149.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Cross-lingual word embeddings have been gaining attention because they can capture the semantic meaning of words across languages, which can be applied to cross-lingual tasks. Most methods learn a single mapping (e.g., a linear mapping) to transform a word embedding space from one language to another. To improve bilingual word embeddings, we propose an advanced method that adds a language-specific mapping. We focus on learning Japanese-English bilingual word embedding mapping by considering the specificity of the Japanese language. We evaluated our method by comparing it with single mapping-based-models on bilingual lexicon induction between Japanese and English. We determined that our method was more effective, with significant improvements on words of Japanese origin.
19
KONISHI, HARUKA, FRANCES WILSON, ROBERTA MICHNICK GOLINKOFF, MANDY J. MAGUIRE e KATHY HIRSH-PASEK. "Late Japanese Bilinguals’ Novel Verb Construal". Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 19, n.º 4 (11 de novembro de 2014): 782–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136672891400073x.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Languages differ in how they encode events. Some languages (e.g., English) encode manner of motion (e.g., hop) in verbs while others (e.g., Spanish) encode the path of motion (e.g., descender-descend) (Talmy, 1985). This study examines verb construal in Japanese bilingual adults (L1-Japanese, L2-English). Maguire, Hirsh-Pasek, Golinkoff, Imai, Haryu, Vanegas, Okada, Pulverman and Sanchez-Davis (2010) suggest that although Japanese is traditionally considered a path language, manner plays an important role in Japanese verbs. Bilinguals completed two verb construal tasks (one in English; one in Japanese). Results showed that the Japanese bilinguals construed a novel verb as encoding manner for English and chose path for Japanese. This differs from Maguire et al. (2010) who found that Japanese monolinguals construed a novel verb as encoding manner. Bilinguals may find it useful to highlight differences between Japanese and English to keep the two languages distinct. Bilingual verb construal may be influenced by the linguistic typology of bilinguals’ L1 and L2.
20
Nishina, Yasunori. "The development of Japanese-English and English-Japanese parallel corpus, including search system and its utilisation". Impact 2024, n.º 1 (22 de janeiro de 2024): 48–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.48.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Parallel corpora play a central role in translation studies, contrastive linguistics, bilingual lexicography and language teaching/learning, facilitating the comparison of linguistic features across languages. But it is challenging to construct a parallel corpus and there are few of them. Also, they can quickly become outdated and unusable. Professor Yasunori Nishina, Faculty of Global Communication, Kobe Gakuin University, Japan, is an expert in applied translation, corpus linguistics and applied linguistics working to develop a website for searching Japanese-English and English-Japanese parallel corpora. He is revitalising an existing unusable, unsearchable corpus with assistance from Lago NLP. He has a keen focus on design as he wants to ensure diversity of genres and translation directions and, in a world first, is incorporating the ability to analyse parallel corpora. The tool that Nishina and Lago NLP are developing with support from the JSPS KAKENHI grant number 20K00692 (and 23K00599 from 2023) is called Parallel Link. Nishina will also collaborate with a researcher at the University of Oxford, UK, where experts who developed the Japanese corpus online search tool are based. The University has established a collaborative relationship with the National Institute for Japanese Language and Linguistics (NINJAL), which is the centre for Japanese language research, and has carried out joint projects of the Oxford NINJAL Corpus of Old Japanese (ONCOJ). Nishina has completed the development of version 1.20 of Parallel Link and intends to develop it to version 2.0 in the coming years.
21
Smith, Donald L. "Japanese English: Language and Culture Contact". Asian Englishes 7, n.º 2 (dezembro de 2004): 126–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13488678.2004.10801146.
Texto completo da fonte
22
Danquah, Francis K. "Reports on Philippine Industrial Crops in World War II from Japan’s English Language Press". Agricultural History 79, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2005): 74–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/00021482-79.1.74.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Japan’s occupation of Southeast Asia placed enormous stocks of the region’s industrial crops under Japanese control. English language Japanese newspaper reports from the Philippines suggest that the invaders grossly under-utilized this vast storehouse of agricultural wealth. Washington’s pre-war oil embargo severely crippled military and civilian transport services throughout the war, and Japan’s conversion of cane sugar into fuel alcohol and butane for aviation fuel failed to generate successful outcomes. Also, as the Pacific War eliminated cotton imports from the United States, India, and Egypt, placing numerous Japanese textile factories in jeopardy, Tokyo attempted to replace Philippine cane sugar plantings that previously served US markets with raising raw cotton for Japanese textile interests. In the Philippines, however, multifarious bottlenecks crippled all of Tokyo’s wartime farm projects. Though the Japanese occupation was short-lived, it demonstrated Tokyo’s intention to adjust the Philippine economy into a dependent relationship with Japanese industries.
23
Baudinette, Thomas. "Cosmopolitan English, traditional Japanese". Linguistic Landscape. An international journal 4, n.º 3 (26 de novembro de 2018): 238–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ll.18004.bau.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract The Linguistic Landscape of Tokyo’s premier gay district, Shinjuku Ni-chōme, contains much English-language signage. Previously described in touristic literature as marking out spaces for foreign gay men, this article draws upon an ethnographic study of how signage produces queer space in Japan to argue that English instead constructs a sense of cosmopolitan worldliness. The ethnography also reveals that participants within Ni-chōme’s gay bar sub-culture contrast this cosmopolitan identity with a “traditional” identity indexed by Japanese-language signage. In exploring how Japanese men navigate Ni-chōme’s signage, this article deploys Piller and Takahashi’s (2006) notion of “language desire” to investigate the role of LL in influencing individual queer men’s sense(s) of self. This article thus broadens the focus of LL research to account for how engagement with an LL may impact identity construction, with an emphasis placed on how learning to “read” an LL influences the formation of sexual identities.
24
Allen, David. "Cognate frequency and assessment of second language lexical knowledge". International Journal of Bilingualism 23, n.º 5 (22 de junho de 2018): 1121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1367006918781063.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Aims and objectives/purpose/research questions: Few studies have investigated different-script cognate effects in language assessment contexts. This paper examines the impact of Japanese cognates in a test of English receptive lexical knowledge that is widely used for placement purposes in second language learning contexts. Specifically, the present paper utilizes Japanese cognate frequency to predict test accuracy. 1. Does Japanese cognate frequency influence response accuracy? 2. Does the effect vary by English word frequency and/or lexical proficiency? Design/methodology/approach: Seventy Japanese-English bilinguals completed the multiple-choice English VLT. Data and analysis: Accuracy data for 150 target items and 150 distractor items were analysed separately (10,500 data points in each analysis). Generalized linear mixed-effects models were used with Japanese cognate frequency as the primary predictor and English word frequency and lexical proficiency as covariates. Findings/conclusions: A strong facilitatory cognate frequency effect was observed on both the selection of targets and the rejection of distractor items. This effect was marginally greater for lower proficiency learners. The English word frequency effect was also greater for lower proficiency test takers in the distractor analysis. Originality: The paper is the first to utilize cognate frequency to estimate the cognate effect in different-script languages in language testing. Significance/implications: The study provides robust evidence for the Japanese-English cognate effect in a test of lexical knowledge. This finding is broadly in line with the predictions of the bilingual interactive activation plus model of bilingual lexical processing. In addition, the paper demonstrates that the proportion of Japanese cognates in the test is significantly greater than the proportion of cognates in the language in general, indicating that it may over-estimate Japanese learners’ knowledge of English lexis. Test designers and users are thus recommended to be aware of the impact of cognates when making inferences about language ability based on such tests of lexical knowledge.
25
MacGregor, Laura. "The language of shop signs in Tokyo". English Today 19, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2003): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078403001020.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
A report on the salient role of English in Japan's complex commercial signs. A 1989–1990 study by the National Language Research Institute found that loanwords comprise nearly 10% of Japanese language in current use, and most of these loanwords are from English. Loanword dictionary entries continue to grow: the latest katakana dictionary published by Sanseido (2000) contains 52,500 foreign word entries.
26
Saputri, S.Pd., M.Pd, Lenggahing Asri Dwi Eko. "Pengembangan Materi Basic English Berbasis Pariwisata Untuk Program Studi Bahasa Asing Terapan Konsentrasi Bahasa Jepang". KIRYOKU 4, n.º 2 (4 de dezembro de 2020): 137–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/kiryoku.v4i2.137-141.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In 2019, Vocational School Diponegoro University opened several new study programs. One of them is Applied Foreign Language Program. This study program has 2 majors namely English and Japanese. In the third semester, students are directed to take one of the majors based on their interests and talents. Although they have chosen their major that can be English or Japanese, they still have to study both of them. For 3rd semester students of Japanese major, they are also required to take Basic English courses. This course itself will be based on tourism in accordance with the vision of the Applied Foreign Language program that is not only to give the students the competence of mastering English and Japanese languages but also give them the competence of tourism and hospitality. The aim of this research is to develop Tourism based Basic English material for Japanese major of Applied Foreign Language program. The method used in this research is Research and Development while the model that researchers use is ADDIE model (Analysis-Design-Develop-Implement-Evaluate). The result of this research is Tourism based Basic English material for Japanese major of Applied Foreign Language program which consists of four tourism themes namely An Introduction to Travel and Tourism, Tourism Organisations, Promotion and Marketing and Types of Transport and Accommodation. Those themes will be discussed in four integrated English skills which include listening activity, speaking activity, reading activity and activity writing.
27
Dougill, John. "English as a decorative language". English Today 3, n.º 4 (outubro de 1987): 33–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078400003126.
Texto completo da fonte
28
Brockett, Chris, Samuel E. Martin e Richard S. Keirstead. "Martin's Concise Japanese Dictionary: English-Japanese, Japanese-English, Fully Romanized with Complete Kanji & Kana". Modern Language Journal 79, n.º 1 (1995): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/329424.
Texto completo da fonte
29
Krasnova, Vasilina Yur'evna, e Ol'ga Vasil'evna Nikolaeva. "English translations of the Japanese folkloremes in the English-language translations: cultural-cognitive asymmetry". Litera, n.º 2 (fevereiro de 2020): 73–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8698.2020.2.32343.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The subject of this research is the linguocultural and cognitive aspects of the original Japanese folkloremes (names of fairy characters, mythical objects, and mythical animals) and their English correlates. The authors refer to folklore as a source of profound understanding of cultural connotation, cultural beliefs, cultural distinctness, traditions and customs. The methodological equivalence of linguistic and cultural-cognitive aspects of folkloremes is underlined. The goal of this work consists in determination of the formal and conceptual transformations of Japanese folkloremes in English translation of a Japanese tale. Folkloremes of a Japanese tale have not previously been an object of special research. Comparison of the text of Japanese folk tale and its English analogue demonstrates the cultural-cognitive asymmetry between Japanese folkloremes and their English correlates. Three types of Japanese folkloremes (unique; possessing distinct characteristics; and having cultural-specific associations) determine different techniques of their translation into the English language and various types of transformations of their conceptual content. Cognitive asymmetry of Japanese and Anglo-Saxon cultures substantiate the insufficient understanding and accentuation in English texts of the Japanese important cultural dominant – social and age hierarchism, as well as the enduring significance of image of the emperor and imperial power associated with this dominant.
30
Koizumi, Shiho, Kazuki Ide, Carl Becker, Tomoe Uchida, Miho Ishizaki, Akane Hashimoto, Shota Suzuki et al. "Research integrity in Instructions for Authors in Japanese medical journals using ICMJE Recommendations: A descriptive literature study". PLOS ONE 19, n.º 7 (16 de julho de 2024): e0305707. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305707.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Background The International Committee of Medical Journal Editors (ICMJE) has published Recommendations for the Conduct, Reporting, Editing, and Publication of Scholarly Work in Medical Journals. These provide a global standard for writing and editing medical articles, including research integrity. However, no study has examined the research integrity-related content of Japanese medical journals’ Instructions for Authors. We therefore compared research integrity content in ICMJE member journals with those in the English- and Japanese-language journals of the Japanese Association of Medical Sciences (JAMS). Materials and methods This was a descriptive literature study. We obtained Instructions for Authors from English- and Japanese-language journals listed on the JAMS website and the ICMJE member journals listed on the ICMJE website as of September 1, 2021. We compared the presence of 20 topics (19 in the ICMJE Recommendations plus compliance with ICMJE) in the Instructions for Authors, and analyzed the content of the conflict of interest disclosure. Results We evaluated 12 ICMJE member journals, and 82 English-language and 99 Japanese-language subcommittee journals. The median number of topics covered was 10.5 for ICMJE member journals, 10 for English-language journals, and three for Japanese-language journals. Compliance with ICMJE was mentioned by 10 (83%) ICMJE member journals, 75 (91%) English-language journals, and 29 (29%) Japanese-language journals. The ICMJE Conflicts of Interest Disclosure Form was requested by seven (64%) ICMJE member journals, 15 (18%) English-language journals, and one (1%) Japanese-language journal. Conclusions Although the topics in the JAMS English-language journals resembled those in the ICMJE member journals, the median value of ICMJE-related topic inclusion was approximately one-third lower in JAMS Japanese-language journals than in ICMJE member journals. It is hoped that Japanese-language journals whose conflict of interest disclosure policies differ from ICMJE standards will adopt international standards to deter misconduct and ensure publication quality.
31
Jin, Yinxing, Kees De Bot e Merel Keijzer. "The anxiety-proficiency relationship and the stability of anxiety: The case of Chinese university learners of English and Japanese". Studies in Second Language Learning and Teaching 5, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2015): 41–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ssllt.2015.5.1.3.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Adopting a longitudinal design, this study investigates the effects of foreign language anxiety on foreign language proficiency over time within English and Japanese learning contexts. It also explores the stability of anxiety in English and Japanese over time and the stability of anxiety across English and Japanese. Chinese university students (N=146), who were simultaneously learning Japanese and English, participated in this study. Data were collected twice over a 2-month interval, using the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale, the English Proficiency Scale, and the Japanese Proficiency Scale. Results showed that anxiety changes had a significantly negative, but weak, correlation with the development of overall proficiency and the proficiency in sub- skills such as reading or speaking, for both English and Japanese, suggesting the interference of anxiety with proficiency levels. Anxiety in Japanese tended to decrease significantly over time, but no significant change was found for English. Furthermore, no significant difference between anxiety in Japanese and English was found at either testing time.
32
Lu, Youtao, e James L. Morgan. "Homophone auditory processing in cross-linguistic perspective". Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 5, n.º 1 (23 de março de 2020): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v5i1.4733.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Previous studies reported conflicting results for the effects of homophony on visual word processing across languages. On finding significant differences in homophone density in Japanese, Mandarin Chinese and English, we conducted two experiments to compare native speakers’ competence in homophone auditory processing across these three languages. A lexical decision task showed that the effect of homophony on word processing in Japanese was significantly less detrimental than in Mandarin and English. A word-learning task showed that native Japanese speakers were the fastest in learning novel homophones. These results suggest that language-intrinsic properties influence corresponding language processing abilities of native speakers.
33
Sumiya, Hiromi, e Alice F. Healy. "The Stroop Effect in English-Japanese Bilinguals". Experimental Psychology 55, n.º 2 (janeiro de 2008): 93–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1027/1618-3169.55.2.93.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract. English-Japanese bilinguals performed a Stroop color-word interference task with both English and Japanese stimuli and responded in both English and Japanese. The Japanese stimuli were either the traditional color terms (TCTs) written in Hiragana or loanwords (LWs) from English written in Katakana. Both within-language and between-language interference were found for all combinations of stimuli and responses. The between-language interference was larger for Katakana LWs (phonologically similar to English) than for Hiragana TCTs, especially with Japanese responses. The magnitude of this phonological effect increased with self-rated reading fluency in Japanese. Overall responding was slower and the Stroop effect larger with English than with Japanese stimuli. These results suggest that unintentional lexical access elicits automatic phonological processing even with intermediate-level reading proficiency.
34
HAYASHI, YUKO, e VICTORIA A. MURPHY. "On the nature of morphological awareness in Japanese–English bilingual children: A cross-linguistic perspective". Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, n.º 1 (31 de julho de 2012): 49–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728912000181.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
While morphological awareness has received much attention to date, little is understood about how morphological awareness develops within bilingual children learning typologically different languages. Therefore, we investigated children's knowledge of inflections and derivations in Japanese and English, and also asked whether morphological awareness in one language predicted morphological awareness in the other. To that end, 24 Japanese learners of L2 English (ESL) and 21 English learners of Japanese as a heritage language (JHL) were recruited and participated in a range of tasks assessing both vocabulary and morphological knowledge. Cross-linguistic contributions of morphological awareness were identified in both directions (Japanese ↔ English), after controlling for age, IQ, and vocabulary knowledge. This bidirectional transfer was, however, identified only in the ESL group. The group-specific and reciprocal transfer observed is discussed in terms of morphological complexities and relative competence in each language. The potential role of different types of L2 instruction in morphological development is also discussed.
35
Hudson, Mutsuko Endo, e Timothy J. Vance. "Romanized Japanese-English Dictionary". Modern Language Journal 77, n.º 4 (1993): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/329707.
Texto completo da fonte
36
Hino, Nobuyuki. "The teaching of English as an International Language in Japan". AILA Review 22 (16 de novembro de 2009): 103–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/aila.22.08hin.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This paper explores the ambivalent nature of Japanese attitudes toward English vis-à-vis the Japanese language, followed by a discussion of Japanese efforts in incorporating the concept of English as an International Language (EIL) into their educational system and teaching practice as a solution to this dilemma. While the Japanese have an indigenous language used for all purposes including academic discourse, in this age of globalization they seem to find it to their disadvantage. The recent move in Japan in both public and private sectors is to promote the use of English even among Japanese people, often at the expense of their native language. One practical approach to a solution or a mitigation of this dilemma is the teaching of EIL or de-Anglo-Americanized English as a means of expressing indigenous values in international communication. Although Japanese teachers of English have not really gone beyond the World Englishes paradigm, which describes the Expanding Circle Englishes including Japanese English as basically exonormative, efforts have been underway in Japan to put the idea of EIL into practice. The teaching of EIL in place of Anglo-American English provides a chance of reconciliation between the use of internal and external language resources.
37
Gnevsheva, Ksenia, e Daniel Bürkle. "Age Estimation in Foreign-accented Speech by Native and Non-native Speakers". Language and Speech 63, n.º 1 (13 de fevereiro de 2019): 166–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0023830919827621.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Current research shows that listeners are generally accurate at estimating speakers’ age from their speech. This study investigates the effect of speaker first language and the role played by such speaker characteristics as fundamental frequency and speech rate. In this study English and Japanese first language speakers listened to English- and Japanese-accented English speech and estimated the speaker’s age. We find the highest correlation between real and estimated speaker age for English listeners listening to English speakers, followed by Japanese listeners listening to both English and Japanese speakers, with English listeners listening to Japanese speakers coming last. We find that Japanese speakers are estimated to be younger than the English speakers by English listeners, and that both groups of listeners estimate male speakers and speakers with a lower mean fundamental frequency to be older. These results suggest that listeners rely on sociolinguistic information in their speaker age estimations and language familiarity plays a role in their success.
38
Chin, Ng Bee, e Yasuko Obana. "The Use of Introspection in the Study of Problems Relating to Interpretation from Japanese to English". Meta 36, n.º 2-3 (30 de setembro de 2002): 367–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/002234ar.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Introspection has been used widely to study translation processes in Indo-Europeon languages. In this study, the method of introspection was adapted to study interpretation processes in Japanese-English interpretation. Seven native speakers of English with varying levels of competence in Japanese-English interpretation skills took part in this study. The results indicate that rather than vocabulary, a better knowledge of argument and structure of the target language is essential for proficient interpreting. This is especially crucial when the topic of interpretation calls for the use of formal Japanese, as in the case of this study. As Japanese is a language which is characterized by the use of different registers and styles for different occasions, the findings of this study suggest that in the context of conference interpreting, student interpreters could benefit from increased exposure to the use of formal Japanese.
39
San Jose, Dominic Bryan S., e Dennis V. Madrigal. "Lost in Translation: Experiences of the Japanese Senior Citizens in Learning the English Language". Philippine Social Science Journal 6, n.º 2 (11 de outubro de 2023): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.52006/main.v6i2.748.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Older adults or third-age learners, despite their age, are growing more enthusiastic about learning English. In Japan, 18.2% of English learners are from the third-age learners' group. This phenomenological study explored the lived experiences of Japanese third-age learners in learning English in Japan's Chubu region. Eight (8) Japanese third-age learners were identified as participants using a purposive sampling technique and inclusion criteria. Results demonstrated that, in essence, their experiences in learning English constituted a complex interplay of three major themes: motivations, adversities, and adaptation. Their experiences represent a profound exploration of self-discovery, intellectual engagement, and the pursuit of meaningful relationships in a globalized society. This linguistic journey highlights the human spirit's ongoing capacity for growth and adaptation, reinforcing the significance of language as a bridge to new horizons and enriching experiences. This study offers valuable insights for Japanese geragogy and other countries with increasing third-age learners, potentially benefiting third-age educators, policymakers, and curriculum designers.
40
Yanaka, Hitomi, e Koji Mineshima. "Compositional Evaluation on Japanese Textual Entailment and Similarity". Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics 10 (2022): 1266–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00518.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract Natural Language Inference (NLI) and Semantic Textual Similarity (STS) are widely used benchmark tasks for compositional evaluation of pre-trained language models. Despite growing interest in linguistic universals, most NLI/STS studies have focused almost exclusively on English. In particular, there are no available multilingual NLI/STS datasets in Japanese, which is typologically different from English and can shed light on the currently controversial behavior of language models in matters such as sensitivity to word order and case particles. Against this background, we introduce JSICK, a Japanese NLI/STS dataset that was manually translated from the English dataset SICK. We also present a stress-test dataset for compositional inference, created by transforming syntactic structures of sentences in JSICK to investigate whether language models are sensitive to word order and case particles. We conduct baseline experiments on different pre-trained language models and compare the performance of multilingual models when applied to Japanese and other languages. The results of the stress-test experiments suggest that the current pre-trained language models are insensitive to word order and case marking.
41
Takahashi, Reiko. "An analysis of written English: assessing characteristics of English writing by Japanese university students through perspectives of World Englishes and English as a lingua franca". Journal of English as a Lingua Franca 11, n.º 2 (1 de setembro de 2022): 197–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jelf-2022-2082.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract This paper investigates distinct characteristics of written English by Japanese L1 (first language) speakers of English and compares them with common features of English as a lingua franca (ELF). Utilizing categories drawn from the literature, I have analyzed 92 writing samples by Japanese university students in order to assess whether there are any distinct characteristics shared among L1 Japanese speakers of English, particularly as to (i) lexico-grammar, (ii) lexis, (iii) semantics, and (iv) pragmatics. I have then examined whether there is any overlap between Japanese characteristics and ELF. The phenomenon of extending a sense of the original English word in Japanese and of then using the extended sense in English has supplied evidence of L1 seeping into L2 (second language) English use. In addition, the use of certain expressions has been found to be tightly connected with the Japanese language and culture (e.g., ‘study society’) in this study. This study has also shown a clear overlap between the writing of Japanese university students and common ELF properties and features, including extra use and regularization – in particular, the extra use of the particle and the pluralization of uncountable nouns – and explicitness and neutrality in word choice.
42
Mao, Zhuoyuan, Chenhui Chu e Sadao Kurohashi. "Linguistically Driven Multi-Task Pre-Training for Low-Resource Neural Machine Translation". ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing 21, n.º 4 (31 de julho de 2022): 1–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3491065.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In the present study, we propose novel sequence-to-sequence pre-training objectives for low-resource machine translation (NMT): Japanese-specific sequence to sequence (JASS) for language pairs involving Japanese as the source or target language, and English-specific sequence to sequence (ENSS) for language pairs involving English. JASS focuses on masking and reordering Japanese linguistic units known as bunsetsu, whereas ENSS is proposed based on phrase structure masking and reordering tasks. Experiments on ASPEC Japanese–English & Japanese–Chinese, Wikipedia Japanese–Chinese, News English–Korean corpora demonstrate that JASS and ENSS outperform MASS and other existing language-agnostic pre-training methods by up to +2.9 BLEU points for the Japanese–English tasks, up to +7.0 BLEU points for the Japanese–Chinese tasks and up to +1.3 BLEU points for English–Korean tasks. Empirical analysis, which focuses on the relationship between individual parts in JASS and ENSS, reveals the complementary nature of the subtasks of JASS and ENSS. Adequacy evaluation using LASER, human evaluation, and case studies reveals that our proposed methods significantly outperform pre-training methods without injected linguistic knowledge and they have a larger positive impact on the adequacy as compared to the fluency.
43
Hirai, Seiko. "Interdisciplinary studies on the evolution of senior high school English education in postwar Taiwan and the relevance to Japan's system". Impact 2024, n.º 1 (22 de janeiro de 2024): 60–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21820/23987073.2024.1.60.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
In recent years in Japan, there has been an urgent need to develop logical, critical thinking, and communication skills in Japanese English education. While there has long been considerable research on Japan’s English language education system and that of other East Asian nations, there has been less information available on the English education system in Taiwan. Despite similarities between the English education systems in Japan and Taiwan, there is less data on the Taiwanese system, which makes it difficult to draw comparisons between the two. This is the research focus of Professor Seiko Hirai, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Kitasato University, Japan. Hirai is interested in English education, with a particular focus on Taiwan, and her research also explores cognitive perspectives of bilingualism. Hirai has been investigating the English education situation in Taiwan, with a focus on Taiwanese English textbooks. Hirai's findings indicate that, as demonstrated by the Taiwanese English education situation, it is possible to develop communicative skills in tandem with critical thinking skills and that these are not mutually exclusive. Her studies also suggest that literature materials used in Taiwanese English textbooks are useful for developing these skills, and for deepening the level and type of intellectual exposure to English in its many forms. There is some consensus in the literature that acquiring reading and writing abilities in one language helps with the acquisition of reading and writing abilities in other languages and that this could possibly also improve higher thinking processes. Hirai's research on the cognitive perspectives of bilingualism is ongoing but she is eager to promote the improvement of communicative-based language development learning in Japanese school environments. She intends to collaborate with other researchers to explore how to improve Japanese English textbooks by using knowledge gained from her research on the Taiwanese system as well as research on other East Asian nations.
44
Yuniarti, Yuniarti. "An Article Review on Teaching English in English, ‘in principle’: The National Language Curriculum for Japanese Senior High Schools". ACCENTIA: Journal of English Language and Education 1, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2021): 87–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.37598/accentia.v1i2.970.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This paper reviews the article written by Gregory Paul Glasgow entitled “Teaching English in English, ‘in principle’: The national language curriculum for Japanese senior high schools” published in 2014. This paper aims to examine the author’ findings on teachers’ perception of new course of study by proposing some theoretical frameworks of communicative language teaching and the planned behavior analysis perspective to support the discussion. The article author raised the issue of Japanese English teachers’ perceptions towards the recently launched national foreign language curriculum for Japanese senior high schools including a provision of English classes to be conducted in English. The author tried to clear the issue by revealing how Japanese teachers of English (JTEs) interpreted the new initiative to conduct ‘English classes in English’ in Japanese senior higher schools and the relationship between official policy expectation and JTEs’ perceived new initiative in policy implementation.
45
Ivanova, Aleksandra. "Difficulties in teaching the second foreign (English) language to students studying oriental language as their major at NEFU, Yakutia, Russia". SHS Web of Conferences 134 (2022): 00107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202213400107.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
The Far Eastern Federal District of Russia, including the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), is located in close proximity to the Asia-Pacific region, which explains the demand in specialists who know oriental languages. One of the oriental languages (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) is studied at the head university of the republic, and English is the language of business communication. In secondary educational institutions of Yakutia, English is the first foreign language, and students study it as a second foreign language in the university. The goal of this study is to identify the main difficulties of learning English as a second foreign language by bilingual students studying the oriental language (Japanese, Chinese or Korean) as their major. The study analyzed domestic and foreign literature, professional educational programs of the North-Eastern Federal University in Yakutsk, characteristics of students from the indigenous population of Yakutia. It was substantiated that the more difficulties in mastering the subject, the stricter the requirements for mastering the educational material.
46
Yamaguchi, Toshiko, e Magnús Pétursson. "Japanese English: Norm-dependency and emerging strategies". English Today 34, n.º 2 (12 de outubro de 2017): 17–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266078417000359.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
This paper investigates the English language spoken by four educated Japanese speakers from an acoustic phonetic perspective. We look closely at how they pronounce and connect segments in reading a short text. Because English has the status of an international language, it is actively used for various purposes within and across countries. English speakers are therefore not necessarily native speakers but have a different first language (L1); English is a second (L2) or foreign language (FL) for them. There are increasing numbers of studies on Japanese English (JE), particularly from attitudinal and perceptual angles (e.g. Tokumoto & Shibata, 2011; Matsuura et al., 2014), but, as McKenzie (2013: 228) notes, there is a dearth of research that documents, or systematically characterizes, the English produced by Japanese speakers.
47
Harrington, Michael. "Processing transfer: Language-specific processing strategies as a source of interlanguage variation". Applied Psycholinguistics 8, n.º 4 (dezembro de 1987): 351–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0142716400000370.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
ABSTRACTA sentence interpretation experiment based on the functionalist Competition Model of speech processing (Bates & MacWhinney, 1982) was administered to three groups of university-age English L1, Japanese ESL, and Japanese L1 subjects (n = 12 per group) in an attempt to elicit evidence for (1) processing strategies characteristic of the Japanese and English L1 groups and, (2) transfer/influence of Japanese L1 strategies on the English sentence interpretations of the Japanese ESL group. Subjects selected the subject/actor of simple sentences incorporating word order, animacy, and stress cues in random converging and competing orders. The English L1 and ESL groups were tested on English sentences and the Japanese L1 group tested on Japanese sentences. The Japanese L1 interpretations were most heavily influenced by animacy cues, while the English L1 group showed a higher overall sensitivity to word order manipulations. The ESL group resembled the Japanese L1 group in reliance on animacy cues, with the exception of allowing inanimate nouns to act as subjects. While the ESL group showed greater sensitivity to word order effects than the Japanese L1 group, no “second-noun” strategy (i.e., systematically interpreting the NNV and VNN orders as left- and right-dislocated SOV and VOS orders) was evident.Although the findings were generally consistent with previous research, the presence of contrasting response patterns in the English L1 group suggests caution in attempting to typify languages on the basis of processing strategies drawn from probablistic tendencies evident in grouped data, and leaves open the role of such processing strategy typologies as a potential source of variation in inter-language.
48
Ramsey, S. Robert. "Language Policy in South Korea and the Special Case of Japanese". Korean Linguistics 12 (1 de janeiro de 2004): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/kl.12.05srr.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
Abstract. At the beginning of the 21st century, South Koreans have embraced foreign languages with almost unbridled enthusiasm. Most of the enthusiasm is directed toward English of course but, for both economic and cultural reasons, Japanese also looms large. Moreover, the decision by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism in October 1998 to open up the country to Japanese popular culture has increased the appetite for the Japanese language, especially among the young. Koreans now study Japanese again; they access Japanese Web sites; they travel to Japan. Yet Koreans' enthusiasm for Japanese is qualitatively different from their appetite for English. Japanese may be learned, but it is to be kept out of the Korean language itself. English loans may be adopted "out of necessity," but not Japanese. The South Korean policy of linguistic purism is aimed explicitly at Japanese, and numerous books, manuals, and pamphlets instruct the public on how to recognize and purge Japanese influences from their speech and writing. Newspapers and other media wage periodic campaigns to do the same. The Korean public generally supports and cooperates with these policies and campaigns, which, for the most part, are surprisingly effective. There are numerous problems with Korean linguistic purism, however, and prescriptive intervention in the Korean language by government and media requires a continued investment of research, resources, and public support. How successful these efforts will be in the face of ever-closer ties with Japan remains to be seen.
49
Muslihah, Muslihah. "PROSES PENYERAPAN KATA BAHASA INGGRIS KE DALAM BAHASA JEPANG: (KAJIAN FONOLOGI GENERATIF TRANSFORMASIONAL)". IZUMI 7, n.º 2 (5 de dezembro de 2018): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/izumi.7.2.73-83.
Texto completo da fonteResumo:
(Title: The Analysis of Loan Words of English Language Transformed into Japanese Language (Study of Generative Transformational Phonological) The aims of this research are to explain the phonological processes and phonological rule in loan words of English language into Japanese language through generative phonological studies. This research used qualitative descriptive method. The research data are taken from Japanese dictionary loan words. The result shows eight phonological processes and phonological rules in the process of transformation English language to Japanese. (1) the process of adding segment /u/ at the end of the words (2) segment additions /o/ at the end of the words (3) segment additions /u/ in the middle of words (4) segment additions /o/ in the middle of words (5) substitution of phoneme /l/ to /r/, (6) substitution of phoneme /v/ to /b/, (7) segment additions /i/, (8) substitution of phoneme /t/ to /c/. The transformation of phonological processes on the loan words of English language into Japanese language affected by the internal factor.
50
Nakao, Keisuke. "English-Japanese Learners' Dictionaries". International Journal of Lexicography 2, n.º 4 (1989): 295–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ijl/2.4.295.
Texto completo da fonte