Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Internet Quantique"
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Yehia, Raja. "Design and Optimization of Tools for the Quantum Internet". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2022SORUS288.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is written in the context of quantum Internet development. We try here to contribute to the community by discussing some security concerns and by providing detailed models and simulation studies of quantum internet architectures and protocols. We explore different aspects of quantum networks on the path to the Quantum Internet. After introducing basic quantum information notions, we define the Quantum Internet and highlight the main goals and challenges. Then, we list a few bipartite and multipartite applications. After that, we study the composable security of a multipartite entanglement verification protocol, that is used as a building block by many other protocols. In the following chapter, we perform simulations of different quantum repeater protocols allowing connection between two distant nodes. These repeaters use a defect in the crystalline structure of the diamond, that we model. Finally, the last two chapters are dedicated to building and simulating an international quantum network architecture that minimizes the necessary hardware for the end users. We first study a metropolitan network, called the Quantum City, that we simulate in a Parisian context. We highlight the main parameters and today’s performances. Then, we study the feasibility of connecting different quantum cities separated by hundred of kilometers using satellites
Saget, Guillaume. "Interactions et résonances dans les systèmes quantiques". Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCK024/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis book is concerned with the interactions and resonances in quantum systems and is subdivided into three thematics. First, our work is aimed at constructing in the local limit a systematic method for a normalized vibrational Hamiltonian for a strongly excited n-degree-of-freedom molecular system from the generators of the Lie algebra, the algebra of the invariant polynomials built in classical mechanics from the the kernel of the adjoint operator adH0 . We present both the method of construction in case of absence and in case of a p : q resonance system with n degrees of freedom. Application to the non-linear triatomic molecule ClOH is then given.On the other hand, by using the LTPA Algorithm, we realize normalisation of linear triatomic molecules and we compare in case of the CO2 molecule our results to those of authors who used to another approaches. Then, we are dealing with the Fermi interaction in order to show analogously to the building of Hamiltonians of non-linear molecules AB2, that this interaction is able to describe the transition of a atomic Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) to a molecular one.Finally, in the last chapter, we explore the non-adiabatic dynamics of a two-state system subject to excitation by a specific constant-amplitude periodic level-crossing model and we show that the evolution of the probability amplitudes of states is deduced from the Heun equation for a particular class of solutions. We also highlight three different behaviors for the detuning : non-crossing, crossing and level-glancing. For these two last behaviors, a 1 : 1 resonance occurs periodically between the system and the field
Lallouche, Mickaël. "Théories des champs quantiques topologiques internes de type Reshetikhin-Turaev". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS015/document.
Texto completo da fonteA 3-dimensional topological quantum field theory (TQFT) is a symmetric monoidal functor from the category of 3-cobordisms to the category of vector spaces. Such TQFTs provide in particular numerical invariants of closed 3-manifolds and representations of the mapping class group of closed surfaces.In 1994, Turaev explains how to construct a TQFT from a modular category; the scalar invariant is then the Reshethikhin-Turaev invariant introduced in 1991. In this thesis, we describe a generalization of this construction starting from a ribbon category C with coend. We present a cobordism by a certain type of tangle (cobordism tangle) and we associate to such a tangle a morphism between tensor products of the coend as described by Lyubashenko in 1994. Extending the Kirby calculus to 3-cobordisms, we obtain in this way an invariant of cobordisms and a TQFT which takes values in the symmetric monoidal subcategory of transparent objects of C. If the category C is modular, this subcategory can be identified with the category of vector spaces, and we recover Turaev's TQFT. If the category C is modularizable, our TQFT is a lift of the Turaev TQFT for the modularization of C
Founta, Sébastien. "Croissance d'hétérostructures GAN/AIN à champ électrique interne réduit". Grenoble 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007GRE10070.
Texto completo da fonteThis work reports on the growth and the opticat properties of GaN/ AtN heterostructures with reduced internaI electric fi~ld d~posiwd on SiC. We have fU'St studied the properties of AtN and GaN tayers deposited on a-plane SiC substrates. AIN exhibits an anisotropic surface morphology that we correlated to the anisotropy of its in-plane lattice mismatch with the substrate, whereas GaN shows an isotropie roughness. Ln bath cases, the optimal surface quality is achieved in N-rich conditions, unIike what is observed on the (0001) orientation. Growth orGaN on AIN in Ga-rlch conditions leads to the fonnation on GaN quantum dots through the StranskiKrastanow growth mode. They present an asymmetric morphotogy influenced by the chemical polarity of the material. They are partially ordered on the growth plane, a feature arising trom the AIN buffer tayer anisotropy. Growth in N-rich conditions enables the formation of quantum wells. Their anisotropic morphology i& influenced by that of AIN, and their rougbness is influÇIlcçd by the layçr polarity. Both ~ of structures have ~vealçd a strong reduction of the internal electric field with respect to the (0001) orientation. We have then examined the properties of cubic nitrides, beginning by the optimisation of the SiC substrates. The Ga quantity adsorbed on GaN was then evaluated by RHEED. We detennined the parameters enabling to control the fonnation of GaN quantum dots and focused on the role of the AIN roughness. Finally, opticat studies revealed a photoluminescence polarisation up to ambient temperature
Müller, Cord Axel. "Localisation faible de la lumière dans un gaz d'atomes froids : rétrodiffusion cohérente et structure quantique interne". Nice, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001NICE5634.
Texto completo da fonteRecent experimental results show that the interference contrast observed in coherent backscattering (CBS) of light by cold atoms is drastically reduced with respect to classical disordered media. In the present theoretical contribution, we study the impact of the degeneracy of the atomic dipole transition on weak localization of light. The nonscalar components of the atomic scattering operator are characteristics of the internal structure, and strongly modify the interference properties of multiple light scattering. A systematic analysis in terms of irreducible tensors permits to calculate exact analytical expressions for the single and double scattering contributions to the CBS signal for arbitrarily degenerate atomic dipole transitions. Furthermore, we sum up the series of ladder and crossed diagrams that describe the average scattered light intensity and the weak localization corrections, respectively. We find that the degeneracy of the atomic transition has negligible impact on the average light amplitude, small impact on the average intensity, but decisive impact on the interference corrections. The internal degrees of freedom very effectively reduce the interference of weak localization and, therefore, the CBS signal for any degenerate atomic dipole transition
Ley, Marc. "Cellule photovoltai͏̈que MIND-amélioration du rendement quantique interne à l'aide d'une sous-structure active enterrée dans l'émetteur". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002STR13212.
Texto completo da fontePhotovoltaic solar cells that convert solar light into electricity would represent a clean and inexhaustible energy source for the future on the condition of a breakthrough in comparison with today's devices performances. In this work, we concentrate on aspects able to raise the photovoltaic conversion efficiency above the limitations of present cells and make solar energy competitive with conventional energy sources. The first part of the study is devoted to new theoretical ideas considered as 3rd generation of photovoltaics. More precisely, we investigate the use of an intermediate energy band and the exploitation of low-energy-threshold impact ionisation. Next, we study elements of realisation of model silicon solar cells capable to function according to the preceding ideas and fabricated on the basis of an original concept by ion implantation followed by a thermal treatment. They represent an intermediate step towards a final photovoltaic cell and have been characterised by different techniques in specialized laboratories. We exploit theoretically and experimentally a continuous substructure in the emitter. It induces a dead zone separated from the bulk by a minority carrier collection limit. It is then easy to quantify the light flux absorbed in the active zone and determine with a sufficiently good precision the zones with new optoelectronic properties. Effects never mentioned before have been observed. A deeper analysis of the experimental collection efficiency of the active device zone shows an increased absorbance in the amorphised zone produced by the implantation and in the recrystallized layers submitted to a local mechanical stress field. On the basis of the collection theory and an auto-correlated calculation, we identify a fundamental increase of the internal quantum efficiency in the stressed recrystallised layers, which can be interpreted as the result of a low-energy carrier multiplication
Edwards, Paul. "Quantile hedging interest rate derivatives using the Libor market model". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/11361.
Texto completo da fonteFuchs, Jean-Noël. "Contribution à la mécanique statistique quantique des gaz froids". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00002960.
Texto completo da fonteutilisant le formalisme des opérateurs d'Ursell, nous étendons la
théorie quantique du développement en agrégats des systèmes dilués
aux systèmes denses. Nous appliquons ensuite cette méthode à l'étude de la statistique des cycles d'un condensat de Bose-Einstein et à la transition superfluide d'un gaz de Fermi attractif.
Bardoux, Richard. "Spectroscopie de boîtes quantiques individuelles GaN/AlN en phase hexagonale". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00201492.
Texto completo da fonteMartins, Costa Marilia Teresa Cadillon. "Chimiste : un ensemble de logiciels de modélisation moléculaire quantique". Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10183.
Texto completo da fonteBardoux, Richard. "Spectroscopie de boîtes quantiques individuelles GaN/AlN en phase hexagonale". Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007MON20173.
Texto completo da fonteWe study the optical properties of GaN/AlN quantum dots (QDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si(111) substrates. Time-resolved spectroscopy of the collective emission from QD planes leads us to an appropriate determination of the QD ground state and of the on-axis internal electric field. We observe and model a nonconventional carrier recombination process. These preliminary results allow us to select the QDs that are ideal for individual studies by micro-photoluminescence. Our measurements on single QDs reveal spectral diffusion effects that we study in detail. By analyzing linear polarization of the emission lines of individual quantum dots, we observe properties related to the excitonic fine structure, very different from those of previously studied QDs, which we explain via a modeling accounting for exchange and anisotropy effects
Beugnon, Jérôme. "Contrôle de l'état interne d'un atome unique piégé et expériences d'interférences à deux photons : vers l'information quantique avec des atomes neutres". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00185446.
Texto completo da fonteCassam-Chenaï, Patrick. "Des fondements théoriques des concepts et méthodes de la chimie quantique à l'analyse et la prédiction d'observations". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919529.
Texto completo da fontePrakash, Anila. "Three Essays on Labor Market Outcomes". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/560807.
Texto completo da fonteTrouillet, Philippe. "Spectroscopie d'absorption appliquée à l'étude de la formation des oxydes d'azote dans une chambre de combustion à volume constant". Poitiers, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000POIT2253.
Texto completo da fonteJabri, Atef. "Spectroscopie à haute résolution de molécules organiques d'intérêt astrophysique et atmosphérique contenant un ou deux rotateurs internes". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. https://theses.md.univ-paris-diderot.fr/JABRI_Atef_2_va_20161128.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteDuring my thesis, I studied five molecules of astrophysical and atmospheric interest using high-resolution spectroscopy in the spectral regions of microwave, millimeterwave and far infrared. These molecules are methyl thioformate CH3SCH(O), dimethyl sulfide(CH3)2S, methacrolein CH3C(CHO)CH2, vinyl acetate CH3C(O)OCHCH2 and butadienylacetate CH3C(O)O(CH)3CH2. All of their spectra have in common a large amplitude motion,the internal rotation of the methyl group(s) CH3 leading to a splitting of the lines. Then, iused a specific theoretical modeling for each molecule in order to reproduce their spectra at experimental accuracy and to determine a set of spectroscopic parameters with very highprecision.Methyl thioformate and dimethyl sulfide are potentially detectable in the interstellar medium(MIS) as they represent the sulfur analogues of methyl formate CH3OCH(O) and dimethylether (CH3)2O, two molecules relatively abundant in the MIS. I performed a complete spectroscopic study in laboratory in order to provide astrophysicists with lists of frequencies and intensities of lines, which enable them to exploit the observed spectra in the MIS.Methacrolein is one of the compounds of the oxidation of isoprene emitted in the troposphereand plays an important role in the chemistry of the earth's atmosphere. Our studies in themicrowave range enables us to better determine its molecular structure which is useful inorder to better understand its stability. Finally, two ester molecules have been studied in the microwave spectral regions between2 and 40 GHz. The study of the microwave spectrum of vinyl acetate CH3COOCHCH2 is completed and the spectrum of two isomers of butadienyl acetate CH3COO(CH)3CH2 is studied for the first time.In addition to the validation of quantum chemistry calculations, this study allowed a better under standing of the evolution of potential barrier values du to internal rotation as a function of chemical structure
Wautier, Antoine. "Analyse micro-inertielle des instabilités mécaniques dans les milieux granulaires, application à l'érosion interne". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0289/document.
Texto completo da fonteDikes are most of the time built of compacted granular materials that are permeable and continuously subjected to internal fluid flows. In some cases, microstructure modifications resulting from internal erosion generate mechanical instability that will lead to unexpected failures in case of serious flooding. This thesis focuses on multi-scale analysis of mechanical instability in granular materials subjected to internal erosion. In this work, the mechanical behavior of such materials is simulated in three dimensions at the scale of representative elementary volumes subjected to different stress states and hydraulic gradients. Thanks to the use of the second order work criterion and micromechanical tools, the mechanical stability of these materials is tested before and after internal erosion. It is established that the micro-inertial origin of the observed instabilities is linked to force chain deconfinement and bending as well as to the development of large plastic strains resulting from force chain collapse. By preventing the development of such plastic strains, it is shown that rattlers contribute to ensure the mechanical stability of granular materials. This key finding is of a particular significance in relation with internal erosion as rattlers can be easily transported under the action of an internal fluid flow. Depending on whether they get clogged or eroded, an internal fluid flow has thus either a stabilizing or a destabilizing effect on the mechanical behavior of granular materials subjected to internal erosion
Matta, Samuel. "AlGaN quantum dots grown by molecular beam epitaxy for ultraviolet light emitting diodes". Thesis, Montpellier, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018MONTS042/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis PhD deals with the epitaxial growth, structural and optical properties of AlyGa1-yN quantum dots (QDs) grown on AlxGa1-xN (0001) by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), with the aim to study their potential as a novel route for efficient ultraviolet (UV) emitters.First, we have studied the growth of GaN QDs using either plasma MBE (PAMBE) or ammonia MBE (NH3-MBE) to find the most adapted nitrogen source for the fabrication of UV emitting QDs. It was shown that the growth process is better controlled using PAMBE, leading to the growth of GaN QDs with higher densities, better size uniformity and up to three times higher photoluminescence (PL) intensities. Also, the influence of the epitaxial strain on the QD self-assembling process was studied by fabricating GaN QDs on different AlxGa1-xN surfaces (with 0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.7). We showed that QDs with higher densities and smaller sizes (heights) are formed by using a larger lattice-mismatch (i.e. a higher xAl composition). However, photoluminescence (PL) measurements indicated a strong redshift in the emission energy as the Al content of the AlxGa1-xN template increases due to the increase of the internal electric field discontinuity from 3 to 5.3 MV/cm.Next, in-depth investigations of the growth conditions and optical properties of Al0.1Ga0.9N QDs / Al0.5Ga0.5N were done presenting the different challenges to be solved to grow efficient QDs. Changing the growth procedure, especially the post-growth annealing step, has shown a modification of the QD shape from elongated QDs, formed with an annealing at 740°C, to symmetric QDs, formed with an annealing at a temperature around or above 800°C. An additional band emission at lower energies was also observed for QDs grown with a lower annealing temperature (740°C). This additional band emission was attributed to the formation of QDs with higher heights and a reduced Al composition less than the nominal one of 10 % (i.e. forming Ga-rich QDs). The influence of the annealing step performed at higher temperature has been shown to strongly decrease the PL emission from this additional QD family. In addition, this annealing step strongly impacted the QD shape and led to an improvement of the QD radiative efficiency by a factor 3. Then, the AlxGa1-xN barrier composition (0.5 ≤ x ≤ 0.7), the AlyGa1-yN QD composition (0.1 ≤ y ≤ 0.4) as well as the deposited amount were varied in order to assess the range of accessible emission energies. Also, the influence of varying the AlxGa1-xN barrier composition on the QD formation was studied. By varying these growth conditions, the QD wavelength emission was shifted from the UVA down to the UVC range, reaching a minimum wavelength emission of 270 - 275 nm (for water and air purification applications) with a high radiative efficiency. Time resolved photoluminescence (TRPL) combined with temperature dependent PL measurements enabled us to determine the internal quantum efficiencies (IQE) of AlyGa1-yN QDs / AlxGa1-xN (0001). IQE values between 50 % and 66 % were found at low temperature, combined with the ability to reach a PL integrated intensity ratio, between 300 K and 9 K, up to 75 % for GaN QDs and 46 % for AlyGa1-yN QDs (versus 0.5 % in a similar quantum well structure emitting in the UVC range).Finally, the demonstration of AlyGa1-yN QD-based light emitting diode prototypes, emitting in the whole UVA range, using GaN and Al0.1Ga0.9N QDs, and in the UVB range down to 305 nm with Al0.2Ga0.8N QDs active regions, was shown
Jabri, Atef. "Spectroscopie à haute résolution de molécules organiques d'intérêt astrophysique et atmosphérique contenant un ou deux rotateurs internes". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC218/document.
Texto completo da fonteDuring my thesis, I studied five molecules of astrophysical and atmospheric interest using high-resolution spectroscopy in the spectral regions of microwave, millimeterwave and far infrared. These molecules are methyl thioformate CH3SCH(O), dimethyl sulfide(CH3)2S, methacrolein CH3C(CHO)CH2, vinyl acetate CH3C(O)OCHCH2 and butadienylacetate CH3C(O)O(CH)3CH2. All of their spectra have in common a large amplitude motion,the internal rotation of the methyl group(s) CH3 leading to a splitting of the lines. Then, iused a specific theoretical modeling for each molecule in order to reproduce their spectra at experimental accuracy and to determine a set of spectroscopic parameters with very highprecision.Methyl thioformate and dimethyl sulfide are potentially detectable in the interstellar medium(MIS) as they represent the sulfur analogues of methyl formate CH3OCH(O) and dimethylether (CH3)2O, two molecules relatively abundant in the MIS. I performed a complete spectroscopic study in laboratory in order to provide astrophysicists with lists of frequencies and intensities of lines, which enable them to exploit the observed spectra in the MIS.Methacrolein is one of the compounds of the oxidation of isoprene emitted in the troposphereand plays an important role in the chemistry of the earth's atmosphere. Our studies in themicrowave range enables us to better determine its molecular structure which is useful inorder to better understand its stability. Finally, two ester molecules have been studied in the microwave spectral regions between2 and 40 GHz. The study of the microwave spectrum of vinyl acetate CH3COOCHCH2 is completed and the spectrum of two isomers of butadienyl acetate CH3COO(CH)3CH2 is studied for the first time.In addition to the validation of quantum chemistry calculations, this study allowed a better under standing of the evolution of potential barrier values du to internal rotation as a function of chemical structure
Osseiran, Noureddin. "Spectroscopic characterization of molecules of atmospheric interest : internal dynamics and microsolvation with hydrogen sulfide (H2S)". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUR062.
Texto completo da fonteBiogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs), and especially monoterpenes (C10H16), are molecules naturally occurring in the atmosphere, which have been linked to the formation of secondary organic aerosol (SOA). They can alter the physical and chemical properties in the atmosphere, have negative effects on human health and contribute to climate change. There exists a strong relationship between the structure of a molecular system and the inter- and intramolecular interactions present on the molecular scale.Hence, having in-depth information about the gas phase structure and internal dynamics of these molecules, or their molecular complexes, is important to better understand their reaction pathways and complexation patterns.The synergic combination of quantum chemical calculations and Fourier transform microwave (FTMW) spectroscopy has been shown to be a reliable approach to examine the conformational landscape, structure and internal dynamics of several types of molecules of atmospheric interest, their oxidation products and their complexes. In the framework of this thesis, we have applied this theoretical-experimental approach to characterize the complexes of two monoterpenoids: fenchol (C10H18O) and fenchone (C10H16O) with another atmospheric contaminant: the H2S molecule. The gas phase stable conformations were identified in the pure rotational spectrum with the supportof ab initio and DFT calculations. A comparative analysis of the observed complexes with their water analogues confirmed the presence of weaker hydrogen bonds. On top of that, we observed a large amplitude motion, that was qualitatively described. The stabilizing non-covalent interactions of the two complexes were also evaluated.In a similar manner, and within the same general context, we also characterized the conformational landscape and methyl internal rotation in the case of limona ketone (C9H14O), which is a biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOC) originating from the oxidation limonene. The experimental barrier height of the methyl torsion showed some deviation from the calculated values, which pushed toward a more thorough examination, that revealed the presence of an intermolecular interaction.The second part of this thesis was dedicated to the construction and evaluation of a broadband chirped pulse FTMW spectrometer, operating in the range 6-18 GHz. A detailed technical description of the spectrometer is given herein. Moreover, the preliminary tests performed to evaluate the performance of the spectrometer are reported
Jorio, Mohammed. "Production de fragments de charge 1 et 2 émis à petit angle pour les collisions Au + Au à 150 et 400 MeV par nucléon sur le mur interne du détecteur 4 π de GSI-Darmstadt; comparaison avec le modèle de la dynamique moléculaire quantique". Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993CLF21499.
Texto completo da fonteDahlström, Amanda, e Oskar Ege. "A Tale Of Two Shocks : The Dynamics of Internal and External Shock Vulnerability in Real Estate Markets". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Nationalekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129709.
Texto completo da fonteBen, bouchrit Ridha. "Etude théorique des collisions moléculaires réactives de type atome + molécule polyatomique". Thesis, Besançon, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BESA2037/document.
Texto completo da fonteWe have studied the reactive collisions, O (1D) + CH4 and O (1D) + H2O, of atmospheric and astrophysical interest, using different quantum chemistry methods and reaction dynamics approaches. For the first reaction, quantum dynamical calculations using a time-independent method were carried out on an existing potential energy surface by considering CH3 as a pseudo-atom. This reduced dimensionality approach, i.e. a pseudo triatomic model, yielded the calculation of the reaction probabilities at zero total angular momentum (J = 0). The cross sections and reaction rates have been computed by the approximate J-shifting method. Our quantum results were compared with results obtained by a quasi-classical trajectory method and experimental predictions. These comparisons, among others, have enabled the fact that the channel CH3 + OH was the main exit channel for this reaction. The second reaction O(1D) + H2O has been studied at the level of electronic structure. We have characterized the outline of the potential energy surface of H2O2 , taking into account all the degrees of freedom at a high level calculation (MRCI: Multi Reference Configuration Interaction). Thus, we were able to determine with great accuracy the geometries, frequencies and energies of isomers of the H2O2 system and its energy diagram. In the future, a potential energy surface has to be built to be used in the dynamical calculations for this reaction
de, Rezende Rafael B. "Essays on Macro-Financial Linkages". Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Institutionen för Finansiell ekonomi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-2259.
Texto completo da fonteDiss. Stockholm : Stockholm School of Economics, 2014. Introduction together with 4 papers.
Courboulay, Vincent. "Une nouvelle approche variationnelle du traitement d'images. ,Application à la coopération détection-reconstruction". Phd thesis, Université de La Rochelle, 2002. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00214217.
Texto completo da fonteL'application associée concerne la détection et la reconstruction de prothèses coronaires, autrement appelées stents, à partir d'images rayons X. Notre méthode s'apparente à une méthode de reconstruction 2D-3D orientée forme. En effet, nous couplons deux équations de Schrödinger avec champs. Cette écriture nous permet de tirer pleinement parti de l'acquisition tomographique, ainsi que d'une contrainte de ressemblance avec un modèle d'objet à reconstruire. Chacune de ces deux sources d'information est ainsi traduite de manière algorithmique par une équation de Schrödinger. An de déterminer un potentiel d'attraction du modèle 2D vers la projection du stent, nous avons développé un nouveau descripteur multi-local ou de la surface de luminance d'une image, ainsi que deux algorithmes pragmatiques de détection et de localisation de pixels appartenant à la projection du stent.
Yang, Xiaotian. "New transition state optimization and reaction path finding algorithm with reduced internal coordinates". Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS481.
Texto completo da fonteThe characteristics of a chemical reaction are largely determined by the molecular structures associated with the reactant, the product, the transition state, and the path connecting them. Therefore, locating the stationary points on the molecular potential surface is the first step towards successful numerical modeling. Mathematically, reactants, products, and reactive intermediates are local minima on the potential energy surface. Two local minima are connected by a stationary point which is a maximum along the reaction path but a minimum in all other directions. This saddle point is called the transition state (TS) between the two local minima. Once all the important stationary points on the potential surface have been located, one can model the whole reaction process, including the mechanism(s) of the reaction and its kinetic and thermodynamic properties (reaction rate, equilibrium constant, exothermicity, etc.. For multistep reactions, the existence of intermediate(s) complicates the reaction mechanism. In addition, there may be multiple possible reaction paths, wherein different intermediate structures connect the same reactants and products. In these complicated scenarios, having a full minimum-energy path showing how reactants and products are connected by various sequences of structures is especially useful, as it provides researchers with atomistic detail about the reaction mechanism. This can be useful, for example, for designing better catalysts. [...]
Bourret, Simon. "Neutrino oscillations and earth tomography with KM3NeT-ORCA". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC247.
Texto completo da fonteNeutrino flavour oscillations, discovered at the turn of the 21st century, currently provide the most direct window on physics beyond the Standard Model. The KM3NeT collaboration has started the construction of a megaton-scale Cherenkov neutrino detector deep underwater in the Mediterranean: ORCA (Oscillation Research with Cosmics in the Abyss). ORCA's main goal will be the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, a major unknown in the current understanding of neutrino oscillations, via the detection of large samples of atmospheric neutrinos crossing the Earth and the analysis of their flavour oscillations. These oscillations are enhanced by matter effects, sensitive to the electron density along the neutrino paths. Beyond the neutrino mass hierarchy and the measurement of atmospheric oscillation parameters, this will allow ORCA to measure the electron density of the deep Earth, and possibly provide constraints on the chemical composition of its innermost layers. This thesis presents a new study, undertaken within the KM3NeT collaboration, of the sensitivity of ORCA to the determination of the neutrino mass hierarchy, oscillation parameters, and the electron density in the outer core and lower mantle of the Earth. The focus is given to the development of a new analysis methodology intended to account for detector effects as precisely as possible by the use of a Monte Carlo based correlated model of detector response. Statistical methods and systematic uncertainties are also addressed in some detail. The methodology allows for a preliminary exploration of the potential of improved analysis strategies. Sensitivity studies show that ORCA is expected to achieve a median sensitivity to the NMH determination at the level of 3 sigma or better after a few years of operation, depending on the true hierarchy and true value of the oscillation parameters. Competitive performance for the measurement of atmospheric oscillation parameters is also expected. Assuming a normal mass hierarchy, the electron density can be measured with a precision of about 5% in the lower mantle, and 7% in the outer core
Le, Cunuder Anne. "Étude expérimentale des forces de Casimir". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSEN007/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe study of density fluctuations inside confined liquid systems has received the attention of recent theoretical and experimental papers. In order to analyze the role of confinement on the statistical properties of fluctuations, we developed a highly sensitive system where the intensity of fluctuations, as well as their spatial correlation length can be simply tuned. The idea will be to enhance the role of fluctuations working close to the critical temperature Tc of a second order phase transition in a binary mixture. Indeed, the correlation length dramatically increases when one approaches the critical demixion point.The confinement is obtained by using a sphere-plane geometry with a colloidal particle attached to the cantilever of an Atomic Force Microscope (AFM). When the correlation length is comparable with the distance of confinement, Fisher and De Gennes predicted the existence of an interesting effect: the two surfaces will be submitted to either an attracting or a repelling force, depending on boundary conditions. This effect is called the critical Casimir force in reference to the quantum Casimir force resulting from the confinement of quantum fluctuations of the electromagnetic field.During this thesis, we measured the quantum Casimir force between the sphere and the plate, first in a nitrogen atmosphere and then in ethanol, showing that the developed instrument is sufficiently sensible to measure very weak force, of the same order of magnitude or even weaker than the critical Casimir force. Measurements are compared to Lifshitz theory, taking into account the finite conductivity of surfaces
Lin, Chunjin. "Modèles mathématiques de la théorie du transfert radiatif". Phd thesis, Université des Sciences et Technologie de Lille - Lille I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00411849.
Texto completo da fonteAmyay, Badr. "Etude détaillée et modélisation globale du spectre de vibration-rotation de 12C2H2". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/209739.
Texto completo da fonteAu cours de ce travail, une banque de donnée a été mise sur pied, rassemblant les positions de toutes les raies de vibration-rotation connues de 12C2H2 et impliquant des niveaux de vibration jusqu’à 8900 cm-1. Nous avons alimenté cette banque de données, base du modèle global, en nous focalisant sur l’analyse de trois régions spectrales à partir de nouveaux spectres acquis via des collaborations internationales.
La première région considérée est celle de l’infrarouge lointain, les spectres étant enregistrés par le Dr A. Predoi-Cross utilisant le rayonnement synchrotron de la « Canadian Light Source ». Les niveaux de pliage à basse énergie sont impliqués, entre 0 et 3000 cm-1. Nous avons étudié en particulier la bande de différence v5-v4 située vers 117 cm-1 et les bandes chaudes associées. Un ensemble de 731 nouvelles raies ont été attribuées sur ce spectre. De nouvelles données ont été obtenues sur 12C13CH2 à cette occasion.
La seconde région qui nous a occupé est celle de la première excitation –CH, vers 3300 cm-1. Des spectres d’émission à très haute température (~1455 K) ont été enregistrés par le groupe du Prof. R. Georges à l’université de Rennes. 3811 nouvelles raies ont été attribuées sur ces spectres, les bandes chaudes observées et analysées impliquant jusqu’à 4 quanta d’excitation des modes de pliage et atteignant des niveaux de vibration jusqu’à 6000 cm-1.
La troisième région analysée est celle de la seconde excitation –CH, vers 6700 cm-1, sur base de spectres à très haute résolution enregistrés par le groupe du Dr. A. Campargue à l’université de Grenoble. L’analyse de ces spectres nous a permis d’attribuer 1825 nouvelles raies et, via les bandes chaudes, d’accéder aux niveaux de vibration excités jusqu’à 8900 cm-1.
L’ensemble de ces nouvelles raies a été ajustée simultanément avec les données de la littérature utilisant 396 paramètres effectifs dont la pertinence a été examinée. La déviation standard sans dimension est de 1.07.
Doctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Shih, Yenting, e 石雁婷. "Using Quantile Regression to Review the Internet Consumer Repurchase Decision Model". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23324292649252740179.
Texto completo da fonte國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
99
With the the Internet developed, it not only brings the convenience of live, but also changes human’s lifestyle. For example, physical store competition in the market, which is with the online market explanded, adds a fierce commercial battle. However, the online stores fierce competition let managers constantly think about how to maintain customer loyal behavior. In the past study, for the online stores, “repurchase intentions” of mechanisms are quite diverse. This study is to propose an integrated model to explore the impact of consumer “loyalty intention” . The important results of the study are as follows: 1. Consumer's “perceived value” is a higher order structure of the constructs, which contains a total of six sub-dimensions, and the most important dimension we found is “entertainment”. 2. External prestige has a positive impact on the relationship between consumer perceived value and “satisfaction”, but the relationship between the perceived value to consumers and “satisfaction” is not significant. 3. In this study, quantile regression for the different consumer loyalty conducted analysis showed that: for the relatively low loyalty consumers, “recognition level” impact is greatest; and for the relatively high loyalty consumers, “satisfaction” is at first increased and then decreased in the “inverted U” phenomenon. Under the Internet shopping environment, the results of this study have implications in the management of the relative importance of surface meaning. Online Stores’ managers can understand the value to consumers and make sure to maintain customer relationship, and then the future according to their different characteristics between relationship management solution program.
Lee, Chih-Nan, e 李至男. "The Investigation on the Interest Rate Parity:Application of Quantile Regression". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/65122261365570677692.
Texto completo da fonte輔仁大學
經濟學研究所
98
Many researchers use the traditional unit root test to investigate the real interest rate parity. Due to the lower power performance, traditional unit root test can not analyze the heavy-tailed data very well. In this paper, we analyze two types of countries, developed and developing countries, including the United States, United Kingdom, France, Singapore, Japan and Taiwan, Korea, South Africa, Argentina, China, Malaysia respectively. Firstly, the descriptive statistics shows that there is heavy-tailed behavior. Then we conduct DF and ADF unit root tests and in most countries the real interest rate parity does not hold. In order to obtain robust results, we consider to employ quantile unit root method from Koenker and Xiao (2004b). From their paper, this test has more power performance to test heavy-tailed data. The results show that the real interest rate parity in both developed and developing countries hold.
Batbayar, Naranbaatar, e 納巴. "Real Interest Rate Parity in the Northeast Asian countries:Evidence from the Quantile Unit Root Test". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8cs7a7.
Texto completo da fonte中國文化大學
全球商務碩士學位學程碩士班
105
ABSTRACT The main purpose of examining real interest rate parity (RIRP), focus on explore more evidence from the quantile unit root test. This study applies the Quantile unit root test to assess the validity of the RIRP for Northeast Asian countries (including Russia, Mongolia, Mainland of China, South Korea and Japan) relative to the USA. In this paper, I examine the validity of RIRP from the nonlinear point of view and evidence obviously indicates that RIRP holds true for two countries. It implies that the operations and effectiveness of the monetary policies in these countries will be highly influenced by the exterior factors originating from the USA. At the same time, my results point out their real interest rate convergence relative to the USA is mean reversion towards RIRP equilibrium values in a nonlinear way. The time series of all the countries from ADF and PP tests are non-stationary. By contrast, the KPSS tests with constant reject the stationary for all countries. According to QKS, RIRP of Japan and Russia are affected by USA. Meanwhile, China, South Korea and Mongolia do not support RIRP. Furthermore, central bank of China, South Korea and Mongolia could be pursue their independent monetary policies means that central bank does not follow market mechanism. In this paper focus on those countries that uses the macroeconomic variables includes consumer price index (CPI), inflation rate (INF), nominal interest rate (NIR), real interest rate (RIR) and real interest rate parity (RIRP). The data are collected at monthly started period for these countries are different cause the data availability, and the end of the sample is 2015M12 for all countries. Keywords: Real Interest Rate Parity, mean reversion, Quantile Unit Root Test
Hong, Ya-Fan, e 洪亞凡. "The Effect of Interest Differential and Stock Index on the Exchange Rate – A Quantile Approach". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/23985477935954259309.
Texto completo da fonte國立高雄第一科技大學
財務管理研究所
99
This paper study the effect of movements of interest differential and stock index on the exchange rate. The empirical period is from 2001 to 2010 and divided by the financial crisis in 2007. Granger causality test shows that movement of stock index does granger cause movement of exchange rate except US dollar and Euro. The movement of interest differential has significant impact on movement of exchange rate before financial crisis, but the effect is insignificant after the crisis In addition, By using the Quantile regression analysis we found:(1) high yielding currencies are more sensitive than other currencies to the changes of interest rates differential and movements of stock prices.(2) the impact of interest rate differential to exchange rate is only significant in the higher quantile, indicating that investors increased the degree of risk aversion and only trade at high exchange rate.(3)During the crisis, the correlation with stock prices and exchange rates become higher as the depreciation of exchange rate, showing that when the depreciation of exchange rate has exceeded the acceptable range of investors, they will cover yen to prevent the extended losses even though they would not to unwind.
Lin, Ching-Chi, e 林靖娸. "Conflicts of interest in stock recommendations of security firms and analysis of the determinates-an application of quantile regression". Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/77486687481401023662.
Texto completo da fonte國立雲林科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
101
With the rapid development of information technology, a dazzling array of investment-related information provided. In the recent years, people put more and more attention on financial planning. And the retail investors proportion is also the biggest in each category. So the investment-related information of newspaper media or website is concerned. But can these information make the most profit to the investors? This paper analyzes that whether the recommendation of broker have information content and calculate the conflicts of interest index. Last, to analysis the effect of influence factors on different degree of conflict of interest by quantile regression method. To test information content by event study method and the results is the information has early leaked before the announcement day. And it exist abnormal return. The recommendation has information content. But investors should sell in a short time after the announcement day, otherwise there is diminishing return. Another result shows the performance that the stocks had been recommended by more than one brokerage is better than by single brokerage before the announcement day. But after the announcement day, the recommendations by single brokerage had better performance than the other one. Constructing the conflicts of interest index and using quantile regression analyze it. The results show that the volatility, trading volume and value are significant related no matter before or after announcement day or any degree of conflict of interest. And other determinants are significant related with the middle and serious conflict of interest. So we can find that the stock are small firm, high systematic risk, low volatility, high insider holding, high trading volume and value, low growth opportunities exist conflict of interest. Investor should observe carefully and then decide whether to buy.
Müller, Cord Axel [Verfasser]. "Localisation faible de la lumière dans un gaz d'atomes froids : rétrodiffusion cohérente et structure quantique interne = Schwache Lokalisierung von Licht in einem Gas kalter Atome / vorgelegt von Cord Axel Müller". 2001. http://d-nb.info/965849333/34.
Texto completo da fonteSyu, Wei-Jhe, e 許維哲. "Application of Quantile Regression Model–The Empirical Examination for the Relationship among TX Market Return Rate, Trading Volume and Open Interest". Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/21674479246662750333.
Texto completo da fonte淡江大學
財務金融學系碩士班
98
This study applies quantile regression model to investigate the relationship between the TX market return rate, the trading volume and the open interest. In empirical study, we divided the data set into three parts, which are (1) all sample, (2) half sample, (3) bull markets and bear markets, respectively. We further used a bootstrap method to test the robustness of parameters. There are a total of three models used to compare the different data sets mentioned above. Results showed an asymmetric V-shaped relationship between TX market return rate and trading volumes.. However, in the bear market condition, the result of the return rate, trading volumes and open interest is not significant. These results can provide a reference for the theory and empirical study.
Désilets-Benoit, Alexandre. "Étude du champ magnétique interne de deux matériaux magnétiques et d'un supraconducteur sans symétrie d'inversion". Thèse, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/11709.
Texto completo da fonte