Conecte-se

Bibliografias temáticas / Intermal medicine / Artigos de revistas

Siga este link para ver outros tipos de publicações sobre o tema: Intermal medicine.

Artigos de revistas sobre o tema "Intermal medicine"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 31 de julho de 2024

Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos

Selecione um tipo de fonte:

Veja os 50 melhores artigos de revistas para estudos sobre o assunto "Intermal medicine".

Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.

Veja os artigos de revistas das mais diversas áreas científicas e compile uma bibliografia correta.

1

INOUE, TOSHISHIGE. "Long term prognosis of infantile bronchial asthma - viewpoints from intermal medicine and pediatrics.Viewpoints from pediatrics." Japanese Journal of Pediatric Pulmonology 6, n.º 1 (1995): 55–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5701/jjpp.6.55.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

2

Sá, João. "Medicina Interna 2020". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 4 (11 de dezembro de 2019): 270. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/editorial/4/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

3

Chora, Inês. "A Medicina Interna e o Ensino". Medicina Interna 28, n.º 3 (21 de setembro de 2021): 220–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/editorial/3/2021.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

4

Kolić, Valentina, Lana Feher Turković, Dragana Šegulja e Danica Matišić. "Referentni intervali u laboratorijskoj medicini". Journal of Applied Health Sciences 3, n.º 1 (23 de junho de 2017): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/3/1/12.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

5

Pocinho, Rita. "Internamentos Prolongados numa Enfermaria de Medicina Interna". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 3 (20 de setembro de 2019): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/o/30/19/3/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

6

Alcaraz Britez, Adriana Guadalupe, Adrian Werner Alderete Kosian, María Alejandra Alvarez Brizuela, Edgar Daniel Perez Escurra, Lizvania Montserrat Franco Gonzalez e Silvio Javier Sosa Gonzalez. "Síndrome de Burnout en médicos residentes de medicina interna". Revista Virtual de la Sociedad Paraguaya de Medicina Interna 10, n.º 1 (31 de março de 2023): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.18004/rvspmi/2312-3893/2023.10.01.57.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

7

Salsabila, Salsabila, e Aflahun Fadhly Siregar. "SWOT ANALYSIS: INTERNAL AND EXTERNAL FACTORS ON INCREASING CONSUMPTION OF TRADITIONAL MEDICINE IN MEDAN CITY". International Journal of Economic, Technology and Social Sciences (Injects) 2, n.º 2 (4 de outubro de 2021): 419–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.53695/injects.v2i2.500.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The level of public awareness of the importance of maintaining health is increasing. In addition, it also affected the standards and quality of medicine that people consumed. As a result, the need for medicines was getting higher, including traditional medicines, where the use of traditional medicines was generally considered safer and hereditary. In fact, the level of public consumption of traditional medicine was lower than traditional medicine. The objective of the study was to analyze internal and external factors in increasing the consumption of traditional medicine in Medan City. Respondents in this study were sellers of traditional medicine, the consumer of traditional medicine, the leader of Jamu’s enterpreneur Association, and the supervisor of food and medicine in The National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NA-DFC). The data analysis method used is SWOT analysis. The results show that the strategic position of increasing the consumption of traditional medicines in Medan is in quadrant I. Under these conditions, in general the strategy to increase the consumption of traditional medicines in the city of Medan is an aggressive strategy, namely by maximizing strengths to take advantage of existing opportunities. In detail, there were 11 alternative strategies that could be done which consist of SO strategy, WO strategy, ST strategy and WT strategy

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

8

Bayão Horta, Alexandra. "A Medicina Interna do Hospital da Luz Lisboa". Medicina Interna 28, n.º 1 (15 de março de 2021): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/opiniao/a.bayao.horta/1/2021.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

9

Amorim, Rosa. "A Medicina Interna no Oeste: Passado, Presente e Futuro". Medicina Interna 27, n.º 2 (25 de junho de 2020): 111–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/opiniao/r.amorim/cho/2/2020.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

10

Oliva Teles, Miguel. "A Propósito de “Internamentos Prolongados numa Enfermaria de Medicina Interna”". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 4 (11 de dezembro de 2019): 340–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/ce/199/19/4/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

11

Malheiro, Filipa. "Revista de Medicina Interna: Dados do Ano 2019". Medicina Interna 27, n.º 1 (16 de março de 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/dados2019/1/2020.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

12

Corrêa Figueira, Mafalda. "Reconciliação Terapêutica: Auditoria numa Enfermaria de Medicina Interna". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 4 (11 de dezembro de 2019): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/o/74/19/4/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

13

Madureira, Eugénia, e Miriam Blanco. "A Medicina Interna no Nordeste: Passado, Presente e Futuro". Medicina Interna 28, n.º 2 (18 de junho de 2021): 119–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/opiniao/ulsne/2/2021.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

14

Jorge, Rosa. "A Medicina Interna no Centro Hospitalar do Baixo Vouga". Medicina Interna 27, n.º 1 (16 de março de 2020): 8–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/opiniao/chbv/1/2020.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

15

Oliveira e Silva, António. "O Serviço de Medicina Interna do Hospital de Braga". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 4 (11 de dezembro de 2019): 272–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/opiniao/hosp.braga/4/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

16

Dantas, Jorge. "Insuficiência Respiratória Aguda: Dúvidas Existenciais do Internato em Medicina Interna". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 3 (20 de setembro de 2019): 232–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/revisao/229/18/3/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

17

Reddy Battagiri Praneeth, Tejaswini. "Internal Medicine and Cardiometabolic Syndrome: Diagnostic and Management Strategies". International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) 13, n.º 1 (5 de janeiro de 2024): 84–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21275/mr231229192615.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

18

Yokoi, Masayuki, e Takao Tashiro. "Prescription, Dispensation, and Generic Medicine Replacement Ratios: Influence on Japanese Medicine Costs". Global Journal of Health Science 8, n.º 1 (14 de maio de 2015): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/gjhs.v8n1p29.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This study examined the effect of the separation of dispensing and prescribingmedicines between pharmacies and clinics (the separation system) and thegeneric medicine replacement ratio on the cost of various medicines in Japaneseprefectures. We obtained publiclyavailable data from electronic databases and official web pages of the Japanesegovernment and nonprofit public service corporations. For Japanese medicalinstitutions, participation in the separation system is optional. Consequently,the expansion rate of the separation system for each administrative district ishighly variable. In our multiple regression analysis, various daily medicineswere the objective variable and the expansion rate of the separation system andgeneric medicine replacement ratio were the explanatory variables. The expansion rate of the separation systemshowed a significant negative partial correlation with the daily costs oftotal, internal, single use, and injection medicines as well as medical devices. Moreover,the rate of replacing brand name medicines with generic medicines showed asignificant negative partial correlation with the daily costs of total,internal, and single use medicines. However, the two factors had no significantpartial correlation with external medicine costs. Thus, the separation system was as effective in reducing medicine costs asthe use of generic medicines, except in the case of external medicines. Despitethe latter case, the separation system should be expanded, especially in Asiancountries in which the system is underdeveloped, because the system cancontribute to reduce the total costs of prescriptions.Keywords: generic medicine replacement, economicmotive, multiple regression, separation system

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

19

Volovikova, O. N., e E. I. Mikhailova. "THE ROLE OF PHARMACOGENETICS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF PERSONALIZED MEDICINE FOR DISEASES OF INTERNAL ORGANS (literature review)". Health and Ecology Issues, n.º 2 (28 de junho de 2012): 13–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.51523/2708-6011.2012-9-2-2.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Research objective: to study the role of metabolism fermental systems in biotransformation of various medicines, to define the value of pharmagenetics in the development of personalized medicine. Material of research: the publications containing information about functioning of metabolism fermental systems, medicines participating in the biotrasformation of medical preparations. Conclusion. The role of CYP450 enzyme in the biotransformation of various medicines was studied. The value of pharmagenetics was considered to optimize and individualize the medicine prescription mode to achieve their maximum therapeutic and safest effect.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

20

Johnston, Colin I., Mark E. Cooper, Andrew J. Taylor e James A. Shaw. "Internal medicine". Medical Journal of Australia 174, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2001): 9–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143131.x.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

21

Cawley, James F. "Internal Medicine". Journal of Physician Assistant Education 28, n.º 2 (junho de 2017): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jpa.0000000000000121.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

22

Jones, David. "Internal medicine". Nature 366, n.º 6450 (novembro de 1993): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/366020a0.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

23

Carlson, Richard W. "Internal Medicine". Critical Care Medicine 23, n.º 5 (maio de 1995): 986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00003246-199505000-00044.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

24

Hernandez-Divers, Stephen J., e Sonia M. Hernandez-Divers. "Internal medicine". Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice 6, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2003): xi—xii. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1094-9194(02)00030-0.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

25

Hoffbrand, B. I. "Internal Medicine". Postgraduate Medical Journal 64, n.º 748 (1 de fevereiro de 1988): 170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.64.748.170-a.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

26

Griffiths, R. D. "Internal medicine". Postgraduate Medical Journal 72, n.º 853 (1 de novembro de 1996): 702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/pgmj.72.853.702-b.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

27

Fletcher, Suzanne W. "Internal Medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 261, n.º 19 (19 de maio de 1989): 2853. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1989.03420190129040.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

28

Wartman, Steven A. "Internal Medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 263, n.º 19 (16 de maio de 1990): 2649. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03440190105055.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

29

Bernicker, Eric. "Internal Medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 272, n.º 8 (24 de agosto de 1994): 642. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1994.03520080084053.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

30

Falik, Ruth. "Internal Medicine". JAMA 294, n.º 9 (7 de setembro de 2005): 1113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.294.9.1113-a.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

31

Bernicker, Eric. "Internal Medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 264, n.º 8 (22 de agosto de 1990): 1045. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1990.03450080135048.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

32

Gray, Frank D. "Internal Medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 258, n.º 6 (14 de agosto de 1987): 845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.1987.03400060121046.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

33

Czerwinski, Vincent. "Internal Medicine". RRNMF Neuromuscular Journal 4, n.º 2 (19 de junho de 2023): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.17161/rrnmf.v4i2.19753.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

34

Fletcher, S. W. "Internal medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 261, n.º 19 (19 de maio de 1989): 2853–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.261.19.2853.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

35

Wartman, S. A. "Internal medicine". JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 263, n.º 19 (16 de maio de 1990): 2649–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.263.19.2649.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

36

Burrow, Gerard N. "Book ReviewHarrison's Principles of Internal Medicine Internal Medicine". New England Journal of Medicine 317, n.º 15 (8 de outubro de 1987): 967–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1056/nejm198710083171522.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

37

Bascuñana Quirell, A. "Internal Medicine in crisis?" ACTUALIDAD MEDICA 106, n.º 106(813) (2021): 226–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.15568/am.2021.813.ami01.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

38

Saputra, Dian, e Abrar. "Analisis Pengendalian Internal Dalam Pengelolaan Persediaan Obat Pada Apotek Di Pekanbaru". Jurnal Akuntansi dan Ekonomika 12, n.º 1 (20 de junho de 2022): 23–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.37859/jae.v12i1.3189.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

In the world of health, the existence of pharmacies is very important in the community to support the need for the supply of medicines. The phenomenon of poor management of medicine supplies still often occurs in pharmacies such as damaged medicine, counterfeit and expired medicine, so that it affects people who buy and causes losses. This study aims to obtain an overview and assess the effectiveness of the internal control system in managing medicine supplies at pharmacies in Pekanbaru. Methods This research uses a qualitative study approach with an analysis tool for components of the Internal Control System from COSO and uses the Miles & Huberman data analysis method. The results of this study indicate that there are still pharmacies that have minimal management of medicine supplies, resulting in the sale of expired medicine, no destruction of medicine, the use of inventory systems outside the applicable regulations.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

39

Pereira, Amélia. "A Medicina Interna no Hospital Distrital da Figueira da Foz". Medicina Interna 26, n.º 3 (20 de setembro de 2019): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.24950/rspmi/opiniao/fig.foz/3/2019.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

40

Kiryluk, Krzysztof, David B. Goldstein, John W. Rowe, Ali G. Gharavi, Ronald Wapner e Wendy K. Chung. "Precision Medicine in Internal Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 170, n.º 9 (30 de abril de 2019): 635. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/m18-0425.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

41

Kukes, V. G., V. F. Marinin, Yu V. Olefir, G. V. Ramenskaya, N. B. Lazareva, V. V. Smirnov, M. V. Zhuravleva et al. "Personalized medicine in internal medicine". Clinical Medicine (Russian Journal) 95, n.º 3 (10 de maio de 2017): 197–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.18821/0023-2149-2017-95-3-197-200.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Personalized medicine - a new direction in medicine, which is based on the study of various biomarkers and the use of new methods of molecular analysis (primarily evaluating the activity of isoenzymes of cytochrome P450), allowing individualized approach to the selection of both the drugs and the selection of the dosing regimen for the purpose of maximize the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy. This personalized medicine is to change the development and use of preventive and curative interventions. Genetic polymorphism isozymes of cytochrome P450 may determine the individual activity of a particular isozyme, and thus, to predict the clinical effectiveness, and in some cases, the risk of adverse reactions. The article is an example of the use of information on the activity of cytochrome P450 in clinical practice in matters of diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases. The scheme of the five best-known activity of isoenzymes of cytochrome P450 is shown.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

42

Yoshitomi, Atsushi, Jun-ichi Haruta, Takeji Saitoh, Hiroaki Ushikoshi, Hiroyuki Morita e Mashio Nakamura. "Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine". Nihon Naika Gakkai Zasshi 108, n.º 2 (10 de fevereiro de 2019): 301–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.2169/naika.108.301.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

43

Feiner, Clifford F. "Internal Medicine and Family Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n.º 6 (15 de setembro de 1996): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00045.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

44

Davis, Richard B. "Internal Medicine and Family Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n.º 6 (15 de setembro de 1996): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00046.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

45

Onady, Gary M. "Internal Medicine and Family Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n.º 6 (15 de setembro de 1996): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00047.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

46

Reyes-Ortiz, Carlos A. "Internal Medicine and Family Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n.º 6 (15 de setembro de 1996): 525. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00048.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

47

Saultz, John. "Internal Medicine and Family Medicine". Annals of Internal Medicine 125, n.º 6 (15 de setembro de 1996): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-125-6-199609150-00049.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

48

FUJIWARA, Hisayoshi. "Studies on Oriental medicines in the Second Department of Internal Medicine, Gifu University School of Medicine." Zen Nihon Shinkyu Gakkai zasshi (Journal of the Japan Society of Acupuncture and Moxibustion) 48, n.º 3 (1998): 227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3777/jjsam.48.227.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

49

Asrat, Damtew, Atsede Alle, Bekalu Kebede e Bekalu Dessie. "Factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda Northwest Ethiopia: A cross-sectional study". SAGE Open Medicine 8 (janeiro de 2020): 205031212097800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2050312120978008.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Background: Over the last 100 years, the development and mass production of chemically synthesized drugs have revolutionized health care in most parts of the world. However, large sections of the population in developing countries still depend on traditional medicines for their primary health care needs. More than 88% of Ethiopian parents use different forms of traditional medicine for their children. Therefore, this study aimed to determine factors associated with parental traditional medicine use for children in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Method: Community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from 1 to 30 March 2019 in Fagita Lekoma Woreda. Data collection tool was a structured interviewer-administered questionnaire. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to present the data. Odds ratio and binary and multiple logistic regression analysis were used to measure the relationship between dependent and independent variables. Results: Among 858 participants, 71% of parents had used traditional medicine for their children within the last 12 months. Parents who cannot read and write (adjusted odds ratio = 6.42, 95% confidence interval = 2.1–19.7), parents with low monthly income (adjusted odds ratio = 4.38, 95% confidence interval = 1.58–12.1), and those who had accesses to traditional medicine (adjusted odds ratio = 2.21, 95% confidence interval = 1.23–3.98) were more likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Urban residents (adjusted odds ratio = 0.20, 95% confidence interval = 0.11–0.38) and members of community-based health insurance (adjusted odds ratio = 0.421, 95% confidence interval = 0.211–0.84) were less likely to use traditional medicine for their children. Conclusions: Our study revealed that the prevalence of traditional medicine remains high. Educational status, monthly income, residence, accessibility to traditional medicine, and being a member of community-based health insurance were predictors of potential traditional medicine use. Therefore, the integration of traditional medicine with modern medicine should be strengthened. Community education and further study on efficacy and safety of traditional medicines should be also given great attention.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

50

Alrasheedy, Alian A. "Pharmaceutical pricing policy in Saudi Arabia: findings and implications". Generics and Biosimilars Initiative Journal 9, n.º 1 (15 de março de 2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.5639/gabij.2020.0901.003.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Introduction: Many countries have introduced policies and strategies to limit pharmaceutical expenditures. These include pharmaceutical pricing policies and related strategies to control medicine prices and to ensure appropriate and stable prices. The aim of this study was to provide an overview of the current pharmaceutical pricing policy for medicines in Saudi Arabia and to provide an evaluation of the impact of this policy on medicine prices. Methods: A description of the current pharmaceutical policy is presented by reviewing the current official documents and regulations related to pharmaceutical pricing in Saudi Arabia. A price comparison between the original brand medicines and their generic versions was conducted for the top six selling medicines in Saudi Arabia during the period of 2010–2015. Results: The findings showed that Saudi pharmaceutical pricing policy takes into consideration several factors including an international price benchmark, internal price referencing, and the price of the medicine in the country of origin when determining medicine prices. Based on this policy, there were large differences in the prices of generic medicines compared to original brand medicines. The generic medicine to original brand medicine price ratio was 0.87–0.30. However, the price of the first generic medicine was close to the price of original brand medicine, with the first generic medicine-to-original brand medicine price ratio was 0.87–0.81. In this study, there were large differences in the prices of generic medicines for the same molecule. In fact, price ratio among the generic medicines for the same molecule was between 0.96 and 0.18. However, some generic medicines imported from high income countries were cheaper than the medicines manufactured locally or manufactured in other countries in the Middle East. Conclusion: Medicine prices are strictly controlled through the pharmaceutical pricing policy in Saudi Arabia. Overall, the current policy has resulted in significant price differences among medicines, including medicines of the same molecule. Due to this large difference, the cost savings will depend on the product prescribed or procured by the health organization.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Oferecemos descontos em todos os planos premium para autores cujas obras estão incluídas em seleções literárias temáticas. Contate-nos para obter um código promocional único!