Bibliografias temáticas / Identity of men

Índice

Artigos de revistas
Teses / dissertações
Livros
Capítulos de livros
Trabalhos de conferências
Relatórios de organizações

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Identity of men"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021

Última modificação: 20 de fevereiro de 2023

Crie uma referência precisa em APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, e outros estilos

Selecione um tipo de fonte:

Consulte a lista de atuais artigos, livros, teses, anais de congressos e outras fontes científicas relevantes para o tema "Identity of men".

Ao lado de cada fonte na lista de referências, há um botão "Adicionar à bibliografia". Clique e geraremos automaticamente a citação bibliográfica do trabalho escolhido no estilo de citação de que você precisa: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.

Você também pode baixar o texto completo da publicação científica em formato .pdf e ler o resumo do trabalho online se estiver presente nos metadados.

Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

Jaoul, Monique, Marc Bailly, Martine Albert, Robert Wainer, Jacqueline Selva e Florence Boitrelle. "Identity suffering in infertile men". Basic and Clinical Andrology 24, n.º 1 (2014): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/2051-4190-24-1.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Brown, Nicola. "Self-Made Men: Identity and Embodiment among Transsexual Men". Archives of Sexual Behavior 36, n.º 1 (27 de dezembro de 2006): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-006-9121-8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Tomori, Cecilia, Aylur K. Srikrishnan, Kathleen Ridgeway, Sunil S. Solomon, Shruti H. Mehta, Suniti Solomon e David D. Celentano. "Perspectives on Sexual Identity Formation, Identity Practices, and Identity Transitions Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in India". Archives of Sexual Behavior 47, n.º 1 (8 de julho de 2016): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10508-016-0775-6.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Kennedy, Michael. "Rural Men, Sexual Identity and Community". Journal of Homosexuality 57, n.º 8 (31 de agosto de 2010): 1051–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00918369.2010.507421.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Perezhogin, L. "Sexual Identity of Men with Paraphilias". European Psychiatry 12, S2 (1997): 231s. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(97)80736-5.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Coles, Tony, e Therese Vassarotti. "Ageing and Identity Dilemmas for Men". Journal of Religion, Spirituality & Aging 24, n.º 1-2 (janeiro de 2012): 30–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15528030.2012.633425.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Charmaz, Kathy. "Identity Dilemmas of Chronically Ill Men". Sociological Quarterly 35, n.º 2 (1 de maio de 1994): 269–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1533-8525.1994.tb00410.x.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Uchacz, Christopher P. "Making Men: Rugby and Masculine Identity". Sport History Review 28, n.º 1 (maio de 1997): 67–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/shr.28.1.67.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Willott, Sara, e Christine Griffin. "Redundant men: constraints on identity change". Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology 14, n.º 2 (24 de fevereiro de 2004): 53–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/casp.762.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Payne, Drew. "Understanding Men and Health – Masculinities, Identity and Well-beingUnderstanding Men and Health – Masculinities, Identity and Well-being". Nursing Standard 23, n.º 12 (28 de novembro de 2008): 30. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/ns2008.11.23.12.30.b840.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

Withers, Paul Stanley. "Identity and sexual identity in men with learning disabilities". Thesis, Bangor University, 1997. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/identity-and-sexual-identity-in-men-with-learning-disabilities(3ce55731-44ae-4e4b-9009-066d6ddf8b08).html.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Four men with mild learning disabilities who were known to have had sexual contacts with other men completed semi-structured interviews aimed at eliciting information about the identities they had formed in relation to their sexuality and their learning disabilities. The interview data was transcribed and analysed using a qualitative methodology, Grounded Theory. Diagrammatic and verbal descriptions of the identities formed by the participants were produced, and common emerging themes were outlined, facilitating the generation of theories about how men with learning disabilities form identities. These were compared with existing knowledge about sexual identity formation in the non-learning disabled population, and with historical information about the development of homosexual identities. Men with learning disabilities were found to form quite different sexual identities to those formed by their non-learning disabled peers. Two participants were engaged in struggles to avoid having sexual identities, and a third had a fluctuating identity. Some of the identity solutions reached by participants could be better understood by making reference to historical, rather than contemporary, understandings of sexual identity. For all the participants, awareness of their learning disabilities had a marked impact upon their sexual identity, and disability itself also influenced identity formation. The roles of self-esteem, age, social context, negative experiences and individual coping strategies in identity formation were examined, as were the impacts of sexual identity upon psychological well-being and the practice of safer sex. Clinical and Theoretical implications of the findings were outlined, such as the need for support of self-determined adaptive coping strategies, and the possible relationship between intellectual ability and the ability to form healthy sexual identities. In addition, implications for the understanding of sexuality in non-learning disabled people were noted and directions for future research were indicated

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Simoneau, Alan G. "Metaphorically speaking ethnic analogies and the construction of gay identity /". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ26968.pdf.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Tajon, Manuel Montoya. "Identity Development of Latino Gay Men". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1273870049.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Bukowski, Jeffrey. "Unseen Identity:". ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2008. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/35.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

While capitalism is thought by many to enable male homosexual identity to emerge, this same economic system creates a class hierarchy that promotes a heteronormative worldview, which marks homosexual men as the outcasts of society. In England during the years leading up to the First World War, a man’s character and persona were determined by his social class position. As a result homosexual men of the upper class, who held power, respectability, and masculine virtues in society, used class to mask their sexuality. In this sense the upper-class position enabled men to portray a public identity that abided by the constraints of heteronormativity despite their homosexual desire, which remained suppressed for fear of losing their power within society. Even when homosexual men displayed effeminate traits that opposed masculine ideals, the upper-class position worked to reinforce their heteronormativity, showing the power of capitalism’s class system to infiltrate and influence a man’s identity. E. M. Forster’s Maurice and A. T. Fitzroy’s Despised and Rejected provide two examples of how the upper-class position worked to mask the recognition of male homosexuality by society in early twentieth–century England. Written in 1913, but not published until after Forster’s death in 1971, Maurice has become a canonical text in the gay literary tradition. Through depictions of male intraclass and cross-class relationships, this novel suggests that class position worked to maintain a public heteronormative identity where stepping outside of strict class boundaries could disrupt the very thing which enabled one to keep one’s power. While the posthumous publication of Maurice complicates its place as a representation of homosexual identity and British society at the time, A. T. Fitzroy’s Despised and Rejected gives a clearer picture of both through its focus on homosexuality and pacifism. Through this investigation of homosexuality and pacifism, Fitzroy acknowledges a connection between male sexual identity and a refusal to go to war. While this failure to participate in militarism indicates a man’s opposition to heteronormativity, particularly normative masculinity, the upper-class position redirects this difference away from homosexual identity and onto effeminacy. This effeminacy does not indicate homosexual identity, but rather a failure to embody masculine ideals of the time. Ultimately, both novels portray the power of the upper-class position to define identity by supporting heteronormativity and masking homosexuality.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Vasquez, Alexandra, e Nessim Khalaf. ""Jag är svensk men..." : En kvalitativ studie om inre konflikter hos svenskfödda ungdomar med utländsk bakgrund". Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Sociologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-31736.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Detta är en kvalitativ studie i sociologi, som baseras påintervjuer med svenskfödda ungdomar som känner tillhörighet med tre olika kulturella bakgrunder. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vilka faktorer som kan utgöra enmöjlig inre identitetskonflikt för ungdomar som innehar flera kulturella identiteter, samt hur dessa hanterar denna. Fokusi denna studie kommer ligga på ungdomar som haft sin socialisation i Sverige men som vuxit upp med förhållanden som skiljer sig från de svenska förhållandena. Det kommer att diskuteras hur ungdomarna upplever sig själva i förhållande till det svenska samhället samt vilken kulturell bakgrund de upplever att de identifierar sig mest med.Resultatet visar att utvalda respondenter upplever att det inte existerar någon identitetsproblematik. Däremot uttrycker respondenterna att det finns ett antal faktorer som påverkar hur dessa ungdomar, som känner tillhörighet till flera kulturella bakgrunder, upplever sin positionering i det svenska samhället. Detta i sin tur leder till inre konflikter hos ungdomarna. Resultaten visar att den möjliga konflikten som uppstår, grundar sig i den primära socialisationen som kolliderar med samhällets rådande normer. Detta har lett till att en annorlunda uppfostran påverkat synen på dem själva samt etniska svenskars syn på dessa ungdomar. Resultatet analyserades med hjälp av utvalda teorier som behandlar identitet, socialisation samt rollteori.
This is a qualitative study in sociology, where the study is based on interviews with seven swedish born adolescent who feel a belonging with three different cultural backgrounds. The aim of this study is to inquiry the underlying factors that can compose a possible inner identity conflict for adolescents with multiple cultural identities and how they handleit.The main focus of this study will be on adolescents who havehad their socialization in Sweden, however they grew up differently in comparison to the Swedish conditions. During this study it will be discussed how adolescent perceive themselves in relation to the Swedish society and what cultural background they identify the most with.The results show that the selected respondents feel that they do not suffer fromidentity problems. However, respondents express that there are a number of factors that affect how these young people who associates with multiple cultural backgrounds, perceive their position in Swedish society. This eventually leads to inner conflicts within themselves. The results show that the potential conflicts are based on the primary socialization colliding with societal norms. This has led to thatthe different upbringings has influenced the view of themselves as well as the ethnic Swedes perception of these young people. The results were analyzed using selected theories that included identity, socialization and role theory.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Elbel, Jacquelyn L. (Jacquelyn Louise). "Sexual Identity Development and Occupational Choice in Gay Men". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1994. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278535/.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This purpose of this study was to validate the concept of homosexual identity formation using psychosocial personality measures and occupational congruence. Of additional interest was personality or occupational congruence differences which may exist between men who choose to enter job fields stereotyped as gay and those who do not choose those fields.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Millspaugh, Jennifer Diane. "Nontraditional name changes for men: Attitudes of men and women". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2008. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc6074/.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Recently, some men have taken their wives' last names upon marriage rather than following tradition. The goal of this study was to examine the attitudes that men and women have toward these nontraditional men. Ideological hegemony and social identity theory comprised the framework for examining participants' beliefs. A survey first elicited participants' extant sexist beliefs about men and the characteristics of a nontraditional man compared to a traditional man. An open-ended question further explored participants' opinions. The results indicated that benevolent sexism influences respondents' attitudes towards nontraditional men and that most respondents view nontraditional men as more nurturing and committed to their marriage than traditional men. The results further revealed a dichotomy of positive and negative attitudes towards nontraditional men indicating that society's feelings about nontraditional men are changing.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Crumley, Miles James Allen. "Identity Development of Adolescent Gay Black Males". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1024.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

During adolescence, self-identified gay black males may develop their identities differently than their gay white male counterparts. This may be attributed to the reconciliation of stressors when developing gay, black, and male identities within certain environmental contexts. To investigate this, twelve qualitative interviews were conducted of gay black males from which developmental themes were extracted. While many of the developmental processes are similar to their white homosexual counterparts, some differences were noted regarding racism, objectification by the white gay community, and use of the internet to develop particular identities. A new theory using dynamic systems theory that includes many complexities of identity development is proposed. A hybrid story-like model was developed to illustrate the roles of lenses and buffers as they pertain to how an identity functions. Lenses allow a person to see their way through a variety of experiences; buffers contain coping mechanisms and skills to alleviate tension from negative experiences. Future research should include other minority groups and women for a more complete picture of identity development processes. This would allow better tools to be built that can be utilized by intervention designers.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Schnoor, Randal F. "Finding one's place : ethnic identity construction among gay Jewish men". Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=19705.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

While sociological studies of 'Jewish identity' have proliferated over the last several decades, these works often ignore the internal diversity found within Jewish populations. Because of the particularities of the gay Jewish case, there is a need to devote more scholarly attention to the 'Jewish identities' of this subpopulation. This study contributes to this under-studied area. Using qualitative methods (in-depth interviews and participant observation), this study explores the processes of Jewish identity construction among gay Jewish men. Despite the fact that Jews have historically held more liberal attitudes on social issues than non-Jews, the study found that Jewish families and communities often demonstrate a resistance to homosexuality and Jewish same-sex relationships. While most North American Jews, whether heterosexual or gay, partake in some form of negotiation between their Jewish identity and the non-Jewish world around them, because of the perceived stigmatization felt by gay Jewish men within the Jewish community, this group has added obstacles to overcome in constructing a personally meaningful Jewish identity. Due to the emphasis on 'traditional' gender roles, the 'nuclear family,' procreation and conservative religious values, the gay Jewish experience bears many similarities to the experiences of gay men in Black, Latin American, Asian, Greek and Italian communities. There are some distinctive features to the Jewish case, however. These include a particular aversion to same-sex relations due to the Jewish preoccupation with ethnic survival and continuity, especially in light of the Holocaust, and increased difficulty for the gay Jewish man to maintain privacy about his sexual orientation due to high levels of friendship and social networks within the Jewish community. Building upon theoretical models that attempt to acknowledge the complexities of multiple layers of stigmatized identities, the study develops a more nuanced analytical framework in which to understand the various strategies ethnic minority gay men implement as a means of negotiating their ethnoreligious and gay identities. The study illustrates, for example, that the variable of 'level of religiosity' serves as a key factor in this process. The study concludes with reflections on the implications of the findings for Jewish communities and recommends similar studies of other ethno-religious communities.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Schuitevoerder, Stephen, of Western Sydney Hawkesbury University, Faculty of Social Inquiry e School of Social Ecology. "Process work contributions to men and power". THESIS_FSI_SEL_Schuitevoerder_S.xml, 2000. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/71.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

In this thesis, the author investigates the Process Work contributions to men and power.The theories of men and power are researched and how Process Work and its applications, including the concept of rank, are useful adjuncts to the existing theories of power are demonstrated.The inquiry includes heuristic, qualitative and subjective methods.It is recognised that men are a diverse group, and the rank held is important if it is to be used well.Those who suffer from the poor use of rank can often provide valuable information about the effects of poor use of rank.Power by itself is limited.At moments such as when we are close to death power becomes less relevant. A deeper vision emerges related to the greater meaning of our lives and the legacy we have in our depths.It is a vision for all of us to use the rank we have to further the deepest values and aspirations of our lives, to the benefit of all living beings.
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Livros sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

Troubled masculinities: Reimagining urban men. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 2012.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Beehre, Mark. Men alone, men together. Wellington, N.Z: Steele Roberts, 2010.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Man up!: A practical guide for men in nursing. Indianapolis, IN: Sigma Theta Tau International, 2013.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

James, Kathryn, ed. A World Without Men. San Francisco, USA: Digital Vintage Pulps, 2011.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Sahgal, Nayantara. Mistaken identity. London: Heinemann, 1988.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mistaken identity. New York: New Directions Pub. Corp., 1988.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Caroline, Sweetman, ed. Men and masculinity. Oxford: Oxfam, 1997.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Men alone, men together. Wellington, N.Z: Steele Roberts, 2010.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Ross, Karen. Gendered media: Women, men, and identity politics. Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2010.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Ross, Karen. Gendered media: Women, men, and identity politics. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2009.

Encontre o texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Mais fontes

Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

Pachauri, Saroj, Ash Pachauri e Komal Mittal. "Men Who Have Sex with Men". In SpringerBriefs in Public Health, 9–25. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-4578-5_2.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

AbstractMen who have sex with men (MSM) are men who engage in sexual activity with members of the same sex, regardless of how they identify themselves. In India, same-sex behavior and relations tend to be much more fluid. These men may identify as gay, homosexual, bisexual, heterosexual, or may dispense with sexual identity altogether.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Parnell, David Alan. "Identity in the Army: Romans and Barbarians". In Justinian's Men, 33–76. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-56204-3_3.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Phoenix, Joanna. "Men, Money, Violence and Identity". In Making Sense of Prostitution, 125–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333985472_5.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Macnamara, J. R. "The Ongoing International Media Debate on Men". In Media and Male Identity, 172–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230625679_8.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Jaspal, Rusi. "The Construction of Sexual Identity". In The Social Psychology of Gay Men, 39–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27057-5_3.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Macnamara, J. R. "Men in the Media — A Review: 1980–2001". In Media and Male Identity, 78–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230625679_6.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Macnamara, J. R. "Men in the Media Today — A Contemporary Study". In Media and Male Identity, 92–171. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230625679_7.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Thomas, Vincent E. "A Course on Movement Enhancement Skills for Men". In Masculinity, Intersectionality and Identity, 229–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90000-7_11.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Christofidou, Andria. "Dancing Boys and Men: Negotiating Masculinity and Sexuality". In Masculinity, Intersectionality and Identity, 99–119. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90000-7_5.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Seymour-Smith, Sarah. "Men’s Negotiations of a ‘Legitimate’ Self-Help Group Identity". In Men, Masculinities and Health, 93–108. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-08076-9_6.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

James DiSalvo, Betsy, Sarita Yardi, Mark Guzdial, Tom McKlin, Charles Meadows, Kenneth Perry e Amy Bruckman. "African American men constructing computing identity". In the 2011 annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979381.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Ading, Carmella E., Aminuddin Ibrahim Lastar, Getrude Cosmas Ahgang e Mohammad Hashim Othman. "SELF-EFFICACY AND THE PROCESS OF GAY SEXUAL IDENTITY DEVELOPMENT AMONG GAY MEN IN MALAYSIA". In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact047.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

"The development of gay identity sexual among Malaysian gay men were not discussed openly in this country. This is because the government do not approve same sex orientation lifestyle. However, gay men exist in many communities in this country and they are living freely as a citizen and work in the country like others. Malaysia is one of the countries that openly against the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transsexual and Queer (LGBTQ). Nevertheless, they continue to develop their sexual identity as a part of their lives which at the same time causes a great distress in them. Thus, their decision to identify themselves as gays takes huge courage and effort. These courage and effort were found not only just intricately, since it involves emotional and social support from their family, friends and communities. It is also believed that this social support might help gay men to develop their self-efficacy as well. Therefore, it is in the interest of the researchers to explore about self-efficacy by looking at emotional and social support they received and its relation to the development of sexual identity among the gay men who lives in Malaysia. In this qualitative research, semi structured questions were developed to explore sexual identity development among the gay men. Six (6) respondents who have identified themselves as gay, aged between 21- 44 years old, from different walk of life were interviewed. Data were analysed using thematic analysis. Our study has found that emotional and social support, are the important factors that contribute to their self-efficacy and help them in developing their sexual identity."

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Burmicky, Jorge. "Exploring How Men of Color Programs Shape the Organizational Identity of Minority-Serving Institutions". In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1683073.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Rosochacka-Gmitrzak, Magdalena. "I, THE WIFE’S CARER. MEN FROM THE TRADITIONALISTS/SILENT GENERATION ON THEIR (NEW) IDENTITY". In NORDSCI International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2020/b1/v3/26.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Despite transformations of culture of ageing taking place and pinpointing lesser trivialization of ageing, in many CEE countries and globally, further-reaching approach to ageing experiences and meanings attributed by individuals of either gender have not come of age. Neither has it gained enough attention to cause a significant change towards truly inclusive perspectives or practices. This problem applies to men remaining to a certain extent imperceptible as prime caregivers to their chronically ill wives or partners.. By desk research, own research interpretation and literature review, the paper addressed men caregivers identity. Findings suggest the identity to be shaped by a relationship, and its story, with caregiven wife, identity spoiling as a result of stigma associated with caregiving experience and low social recognition of it. The study recognizes matters to be further assessed and may lay foundations for new directions. It also translates onto gerontological practice by recognizing factors which may assist caregiving professionals and possibly policy makers in better addressing the needs of caregiving individuals.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Huerta, Adrian. "Exploring Healthy Gender Identity Development and Supports in Men of Color Programs Through Qualitative Interviews". In 2021 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1681969.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Chkhikvadze, Tinatin, e Ermofili Dranidou. "ETHNIC IDENTITY OF GREEKS LIVING IN THEIR HOMELAND AND IN RUSSIA". In NORDSCI International Conference Proceedings. Saima Consult Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/nordsci2019/b1/v2/27.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Ethnic identity as a sense of belonging based on our ancestry, cultural heritage, values, and traditions helps us to find our place in our homeland. But what if a person migrates to another country for purpose of getting a job or education? Do people living in their homeland and those who study or work abroad have differences in their ethnic identity? These questions became the basis of our investigation. The study`s purpose was to investigate the ethnic identity of Greeks in their homeland and Russia in order to find out how ethnic identity is determined by such factors as country (homeland or foreign country), occupation (work or study) and sex (male or female). We used the following questionnaires: The Multigroup Ethnic Identity Measure (MEIM) by Jean S. Phinney, The Positive and Uncertain Ethnic Identity Measure by A.N. Tatarko and N.M. Lebedeva, The Twenty Statements Test by Manfred Kuhn & Thomas McPartland adapted by T.V. Rumyantseva. We conducted Mann-Whitney U-test and multivariate analysis of variance. Results indicate the following. There are differences between Greeks living in their homeland and in Russia. Namely, those living in Russia surpass in affective component of ethnic identity, positive and uncertain ethnic identity. They have more answers reflecting their Greek nationality. Greeks living in Greece have a higher level of ethnic identity search. These differences were corroborated among both men and women. Among students, we found out the same differences except for positive ethnic identity. The Greeks working in Greece showed higher uncertain ethnic identity than those working in Russia. There are differences in ethnic identity between Greeks who work or study. Those who work have higher results in ethnic identity and ethnic identity search among all groups. Working women also have higher results in positive and uncertain ethnic identity. Greeks working in Greece also surpass Greeks studying in the homeland in a number of answers reflecting their religion and in uncertain ethnic identity and concede in positive ethnic identity. Among those living in Russia, students have higher results in uncertain ethnic identity and lower in positive ethnic identity. As for the differences among men and women, Greek women have a more positive ethnic identity and men – uncertain ethnic identity. The same results we got among those who live in the homeland. But there were found no differences between Greek men and women living in Russia. Working men have higher results in ethnic identity search and lower positive ethnic identity in comparison to working women. Male students have higher results in uncertain ethnic identity and affective components of ethnic identity. As for the multivariate analysis of variance, it showed us the following. The factor sex determines ethnic identity, ethnic identity search, positive and uncertain ethnic identity. The factor country (homeland or Russia) determines affective component and ethnic identity search, positive and uncertain ethnic identity. The factor employment (work or study) determines ethnic identity search and positive ethnic identity.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

WANG, XIAO-TAO. "MASCULINITY AND IDENTITY IN ZADIE SMITH’S WHITE TEETH". In 2021 International Conference on Education, Humanity and Language, Art. Destech Publications, Inc., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12783/dtssehs/ehla2021/35683.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

In White Teeth, Zadie Smith portrays the lives of three immigrant families in Britain in the late half of twentieth century. Besides the generally celebrated theme of multiculturalism, this article argues that the novel is an exploration of the relationship between the identity of the second-generation immigrants and their fathers’ masculinity. The lack of masculinity in the fathers among the first-generation immigrants makes the second-generation immigrants cannot construct their British identity, they have to turn to other fatherly fingers for financial and social capital. Through the portrait of masculinity, the author expresses her concern of the racial discrimination against the immigrants and the importance of first-generation immigrants’ masculinity. But on the other hand, the novel’s portrait of men without masculinity intensified the stereotyped negative image of immigrants.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Robertson, Kassidy, Patrice Arkfeld, Mark Prince e Bradley Conner. "Association between Cannabis use and Suicidal Ideation as moderated by Gender identity". In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.39.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Cannabis is the most commonly used substance that remains federally illegal in the United States. With its rising legality in many states across the nation, it is important to understand the influence that cannabis can have on a user's physical and mental well-being. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2022), suicide is among the top nine leading causes of death in the United States for individuals aged 10 to 64. Research suggests that individuals diagnosed with depression who experience suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts is positively correlated with both daily cannabis use and non-daily cannabis use and that this correlation is more significant in women than in men (Han et al., 2021). This study seeks to generalize this finding by investigating both the prevalence and intensity of 30-day cannabis use amongst individuals who endorse suicidal thoughts in the last 12 months and the moderating effect of gender identity on the relationship between 30-day cannabis use and suicidal thoughts in the last 12 months. This study will utilize a sample of college students who completed the American College Health Association-National College Health Assessment Survey sometime between the Fall academic semester of 2019 to the Spring academic semester of 2021. The survey was completed on campuses across the United States with data collected on students’ health habits, behaviors, and perceptions. This data set consists of 198,848 participants aged 18 to 98 years of age (MAge = 23.16), with 66.27% of participants identifying as cisgender women and 30.83% identified as cisgender men. Within the dataset, 40.30% of participants endorsed thinking about or planning suicide in the last 12 months and 19.34% of participants reported using cannabis in the last 30 days. We anticipate that individuals who reported cannabis use in the last 30 days will show an increase in suicidal ideation in the last 12 months compared to individuals who reported never using cannabis. Similarly, we anticipate that gender identity will moderate and strengthen the relation between cannabis use and suicidal ideation in such that individual who identify as women will have a stronger and more significant correlation between cannabis use and suicidal ideations compared to individuals who identify as men. If these results are supported, future research will be warranted to further investigate how the nuanced interaction between gender identity and cannabis use increases our understanding of the upward trend in suicidality among individuals with and without mental health diagnoses.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Phannaphob, Thianchayphet. "The Educational Experiences and Cultural Identity of Second-Generation Lao and Hmong American Men in California's Central Valley". In 2019 AERA Annual Meeting. Washington DC: AERA, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3102/1437887.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Fadaie, Gholamreza. "In Search of New Identity for LIS Discipline with Some References to Iran". In InSITE 2008: Informing Science + IT Education Conference. Informing Science Institute, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/3258.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The present paper offers that most of the advocates of discipline of library and information science believe that there is a lack of theoretical foundation and rational identity. The author maintains that there has been an error in defining the subject by confusing library with librarianship. That is many researchers have derived the concept of librarianship from library. Therefore they came to define librarianship as an entity only through the social application and services. If instead, a librarian was assumed to be a person who was usually a scholar, with or without the knowledge of classification properly, and if it was further assumed that before establishing any library, at least there has always been one thoughtful person with the enthusiasm of classifying his own tacit or explicit knowledge in order to retrieve, the concept of librarianship could have been derived from the concept of personal seeking of knowledge, or the need of any knowledgeable person who believes in scientific classification for the sake of retrieval. Thus, there has always been the necessity for scientific classification even if there has not been any formal library. So, I propose that librarianship is more related to the knowledge retrieval and classification which is in the mind of all people specially scholars and learned men before the library, as a place for the collection of books and other materials come to being.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Identity of men"

Crist, Rachel. What's New Pussyhat? Men, Feminism, and Social Identity. Portland State University Library, janeiro de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.6361.

Texto completo da fonte

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Toma, Shivan Shlaymoon. Identity, Nationality, Religion and Gender: The Different Experiences of Assyrian Women and Men in Duhok, Iraq. Institute of Development Studies, dezembro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.013.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation and discrimination experienced by Assyrians in Iraq. Assyrian women and men face different challenges and barriers due to the gender roles and norms within their own community and in wider Iraqi society. Assyrian women’s daily lives are shaped by intersectional discrimination on the grounds of their gender, religion, language and national identity. Targeted action is needed to address the specific inequalities they face.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Amanda, Haynes, e Schweppe Jennifer. Ireland and our LGBT Community. Call It Hate Partnership, setembro de 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31880/10344/8065.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Basic figures: – A large majority of respondents agreed or strongly agreed that gay men and lesbians (88%), bisexual people (87%) and transgender people (85%) “should be free to live their own life as they wish”. – Women were significantly more likely than men to agree with the above statement in respect to every identity group. People aged 25-34 years were significantly more likely than the general population to disagree with the statement. – On average, respondents were comfortable having people with a minority sexual orientation or gender identity as neighbours. Responses were significantly more positive towards having lesbians (M=8.51), bisexual people (M=8.40) and gay men (M=8.38) as neighbours compared to transgender people (M=7.98). – High levels of empathy were expressed with crime victims across all identity categories. Respondents were similarly empathetic towards heterosexual couples (M= 9.01), lesbian couples (M=9.05) and transgender persons (M=8.86) who are physically assaulted on the street. However, gay couples (M= 8.55) attracted significantly less empathy than a lesbian couple in similar circumstances. – Respondents were significantly more likely to intervene on behalf of a victim with a disability (M=7.86), than on behalf of an LGBT victim (M=6.96), but significantly more likely to intervene on behalf of an LGBT victim than an Irish Traveller (M= 5.82). – Respondents reported similar willingness to intervene on behalf of a lesbian pushed and slapped on the street by a stranger (M=7.38) and a transgender person (M= 7.03) in the same situation. Respondents were significantly more unlikely to intervene on behalf of a gay man (M=6.63) or bisexual person (M= 6.89) compared to a lesbian. – A third of respondents (33%) disagreed that violence against lesbians, gay men, bisexual and transgender people is a “serious problem in my country”, but more than half (58%) agreed that hate crimes hurt more than equivalent, non-bias, crimes.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Shammo, Turkiya, Diana Amin Saleh e Nassima Khalaf. Displaced Yazidi Women in Iraq: Persecution and Discrimination Based on Gender, Religion, Ethnic Identity and Displacement. Institute of Development Studies, dezembro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.010.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation, discrimination and exclusion faced by displaced Yazidi women in Iraq. Throughout the history of their presence in Iraq, the Yazidis have experienced harassment, persecution, killing and displacement. Most recently, they have been exposed to genocide from the Islamic State (ISIS) group after they took control of Sinjar district and the cities of Bahzani and Bashiqa in the Nineveh Plain in 2014, destroying Yazidi homes, schools, businesses and places of worship. Yazidi people were killed or forced to convert to Islam. Over 6,000 were kidnapped, including over 3,500 women and girls, many of whom were forced into sexual slavery. Men and boys were murdered or forced to become soldiers. Any remaining citizens were displaced. Seven years later, more than 2,000 Yazidi women and children were still missing or in captivity, more than 100,000 Yazidis had migrated abroad, and over 200,000 Yazidi people were still displaced, living in camps.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Chornodon, Myroslava. FEAUTURES OF GENDER IN MODERN MASS MEDIA. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, fevereiro de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11064.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

The article clarifies of gender identity stereotypes in modern media. The main gender stereotypes covered in modern mass media are analyzed and refuted. The model of gender relations in the media is reflected mainly in the stereotypical images of men and woman. The features of the use of gender concepts in modern periodicals for women and men were determined. The most frequently used derivatives of these macroconcepts were identified and analyzed in detail. It has been found that publications for women and men are full of various gender concepts that are used in different contexts. Ingeneral, theanalysisofthe concept-maximums and concept-minimum gender and their characteristics is carried out in the context of gender stereotypes that have been forme dand function in the society, system atizing the a ctual presentations. The study of the gender concept is relevant because it reveals new trends and features of modern gender images. Taking into account the special features of gender-labeled periodicals in general and the practical absence of comprehensive scientific studies of the gender concept in particular, there is a need to supplement Ukrainian science with this topic. Gender psychology, which is served by methods of various sciences, primarily sociological, pedagogical, linguistic, psychological, socio-psychological. Let us pay attention to linguistic and psycholinguistic methods in gender studies. Linguistic methods complement intelligence research tasks, associated with speech, word and text. Psycholinguistic methods used in gender psychology (semantic differential, semantic integral, semantic analysis of words and texts), aimed at studying speech messages, specific mechanisms of origin and perception, functions of speech activity in society, studying the relationship between speech messages and gender properties participants in the communication, to analyze the linguistic development in connection with the general development of the individual. Nowhere in gender practice there is the whole arsenal of psychological methods that allow you to explore psychological peculiarities of a person like observation, experiments, questionnaires, interviews, testing, modeling, etc. The methods of psychological self-diagnostics include: the gender aspect of the own socio-psychological portrait, a gender biography as a variant of the biographical method, aimed at the reconstruction of individual social experience. In the process of writing a gender autobiography, a person can understand the characteristics of his gender identity, as well as ways and means of their formation. Socio-psychological methods of studying gender include the study of socially constructed women’s and men’s roles, relationships and identities, sexual characteristics, psychological characteristics, etc. The use of gender indicators and gender approaches as a means of socio-psychological and sociological analysis broadens the subject boundaries of these disciplines and makes them the subject of study within these disciplines. And also, in the article a combination of concrete-historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is implemented. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. Also used is a method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-stamped journals. It was he who allowed quantitatively to identify and explore the features of the gender concept in the pages of periodicals for women and men. A combination of historical, structural-typological, system-functional methods is also implemented in the article. Descriptive and comparative methods, method of typology, modeling are used. A method of content analysis for the study of gender content of modern gender-labeled journals is also used. It allowed to identify and explore the features of the gender concept quantitatively in the periodicals for women and men. The conceptual perception and interpretation of the gender concept «woman», which is highlighted in the modern gender-labeled press in Ukraine, requires the elaboration of the polyfunctionality of gender interpretations, the comprehension of the metaphorical perception of this image and its role and purpose in society. A gendered approach to researching the gender content of contemporary periodicals for women and men. Conceptual analysis of contemporary gender-stamped publications within the gender conceptual sphere allows to identify and correlate the meta-gender and gender concepts that appear in society.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Hicks, Jacqueline. The Role of Gender in Serious and Organised/Transnational Crime. Institute of Development Studies, março de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.059.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This rapid review synthesises evidence on the role of gender in serious and organised/transnational crime (SOC) with regard to gender norms, participation and prevention. It looks at the literature on the roles women play in organised crime groups and their pathways to participation, the impact of cultural gender norms in different forms of participation for men and women in SOC, and the role of gender dynamics within families or communities in preventing SOC. Key Overall Findings linking gender norms, female participation and prevention of SOC: 1). Gender norms and women’s participation in SOC are varied and highly contextual, highlighting the importance of gender analysis to programming; 2). Gendered perceptions of men as perpetrators and women as victims in SOC undermine effective responses; and 3). Some types of masculine identity have been linked to involvement in violent crime and societal tolerance of organised crime groups. In Italy, some feminists characterise opposition to SOC as an anti-patriarchal struggle.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Sarhan, Faiza Diab. Sabean-Mandaean Women’s Experiences: The Intersectional Impact of Religious and Ideological Conflict in Iraqi Society. Institute of Development Studies, dezembro de 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/creid.2022.007.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This CREID Policy Briefing provides recommendations to address the marginalisation, discrimination and exclusion faced by Sabean-Mandaean women in Iraq. Within the Sabean-Mandaean community, women are traditionally seen to have great value. Inheritance is split equally between women and men, and children have a religious name as well as a lay name that traces the lineage of their mother. However, Sabean-Mandaean women in Iraq today face a range of inequalities and discrimination based on the intersection of their religious identity and gender. The US occupation of Iraq in 2003, the following sectarian wars, and the 2014 ISIS invasion had a profound impact on the lives of all Sabean-Mandaean people in Iraq. As a religious minority, Sabean-Mandaeans continue to find themselves subject to oppression, discrimination and exile.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Carter, Becky, e Luke Kelly. Social Inequalities and Famine and Severe Food Insecurity Risk. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), junho de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.097.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

This rapid review summarises the evidence on the ways in which social inequalities and discrimination affect the risk of famine or severe food insecurity. Looking at the risk at the national and sub-national level, gender and other horizontal inequities can affect a society’s risk of violent conflict and therefore food insecurity, while fragile livelihoods associated with ethnic marginalisation can impact regional food security. At the individual and household level, there is a lack of disaggregated data on people’s social characteristics and famines. There is a broader literature on the impact of systemic discrimination (based on gender, age, disability, sexuality, and ethnic identity) on individuals’ and households’ livelihoods and assets, thereby increasing their vulnerability to food insecurity. A key finding from the literature is the gender gap, with women more at risk of being food insecure than men. Also, some ethnic groups are highly vulnerable particularly in conflict-related famines; starvation is used as a warfare tactic in political and ethnic conflicts. There is evidence of how social inequalities heighten individuals’ risks during food crises and famines, including through exposure to protection threats, while limiting their access to essential services and humanitarian assistance. A broad range of measures seeks to address the multi-dimensional ways in which social inequalities affect vulnerability and resilience to food insecurity.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

TANG, Denise Tse-Shang, Stefanie TENG, Celine TAN, Bonnie LAM e Christina YUAN. Building inclusive workplaces for lesbians and bisexual women in Hong Kong’s financial services industry. Centre for Cultural Research and Development, Lingnan University, abril de 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14793/ccrd2021001.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Workplace inclusion is a core component of corporate social responsibility (CSR) in Hong Kong. Workplace inclusion points to the need for employers to recognize diversity among employees, to acknowledge their contributions to the work environment and to raise professional standards for the work force. Diversity within a workplace indicates inclusion of persons with different backgrounds as in racial, ethnic, sex, health status, sexual orientation and gender identity. Women are already less represented at senior levels across various business sectors in Hong Kong. Lesbians and bisexual women face a double glass ceiling in the workplace as a result of both their gender and sexual orientation. Funded by Lingnan University’s Innovation and Impact Fund, and in partnership with Interbank Forum and Lesbians in Finance, Prof. Denise Tse-Shang Tang conducted an online survey and two focus groups targeting lesbians and bisexual women working in Hong Kong’s financial and banking industry. The aim of the study is to examine the specific challenges and barriers faced by lesbians and bisexual women in Hong Kong’s financial services industry. We found that only 37% of survey respondents were out at work, with 23% partially out to close colleagues. In other words, there are still key concerns with being out at work. On the issue of a glass ceiling for LGBT+ corporate employees, 18% of the survey respondents agreed and 47% somewhat agreed that such a ceiling exists. When asked whether it is harder for lesbians and bisexual women to come out in the workplace than it is for gay men, 32% agreed and 46% somewhat agreed. 27% agreed and 39% somewhat agreed with the statement that it is difficult for lesbians and bisexual women to climb up the corporate ladder. Other findings pointed to the low visibility of lesbians and bisexual women in corporate settings, lack of mentorship, increased levels of stress and anxiety, and the fear of being judged as both a woman and a lesbian. Masculine-presenting employees face significantly more scrutiny than cisgender female employees. Therefore, even though discussion on diversity and inclusion has been on the agenda for better corporate work environment in Hong Kong, there still remain gaps in raising awareness of lesbian and bisexual women’s issues.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Brosh, Arieh, David Robertshaw, Yoav Aharoni, Zvi Holzer, Mario Gutman e Amichai Arieli. Estimation of Energy Expenditure of Free Living and Growing Domesticated Ruminants by Heart Rate Measurement. United States Department of Agriculture, abril de 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580685.bard.

Texto completo da fonte

Resumo:

Research objectives were: 1) To study the effect of diet energy density, level of exercise, thermal conditions and reproductive state on cardiovascular function as it relates to oxygen (O2) mobilization. 2) To validate the use of heart rate (HR) to predict energy expenditure (EE) of ruminants, by measuring and calculating the energy balance components at different productive and reproductive states. 3) To validate the use of HR to identify changes in the metabolizable energy (ME) and ME intake (MEI) of grazing ruminants. Background: The development of an effective method for the measurement of EE is essential for understanding the management of both grazing and confined feedlot animals. The use of HR as a method of estimating EE in free-ranging large ruminants has been limited by the availability of suitable field monitoring equipment and by the absence of empirical understanding of the relationship between cardiac function and metabolic rate. Recent developments in microelectronics provide a good opportunity to use small HR devices to monitor free-range animals. The estimation of O2 uptake (VO2) of animals from their HR has to be based upon a consistent relationship between HR and VO2. The question as to whether, or to what extent, feeding level, environmental conditions and reproductive state affect such a relationship is still unanswered. Studies on the basic physiology of O2 mobilization (in USA) and field and feedlot-based investigations (in Israel) covered a , variety of conditions in order to investigate the possibilities of using HR to estimate EE. In USA the physiological studies conducted using animals with implanted flow probes, show that: I) although stroke volume decreases during intense exercise, VO2 per one heart beat per kgBW0.75 (O2 Pulse, O2P) actually increases and measurement of EE by HR and constant O2P may underestimate VO2unless the slope of the regression relating to heart rate and VO2 is also determined, 2) alterations in VO2 associated with the level of feeding and the effects of feeding itself have no effect on O2P, 3) both pregnancy and lactation may increase blood volume, especially lactation; but they have no effect on O2P, 4) ambient temperature in the range of 15 to 25°C in the resting animal has no effect on O2P, and 5) severe heat stress, induced by exercise, elevates body temperature to a sufficient extent that 14% of cardiac output may be required to dissipate the heat generated by exercise rather than for O2 transport. However, this is an unusual situation and its affect on EE estimation in a freely grazing animal, especially when heart rate is monitored over several days, is minor. In Israel three experiments were carried out in the hot summer to define changes in O2P attributable to changes in the time of day or In the heat load. The animals used were lambs and young calves in the growing phase and highly yielding dairy cows. In the growing animals the time of day, or the heat load, affected HR and VO2, but had no effect on O2P. On the other hand, the O2P measured in lactating cows was affected by the heat load; this is similar to the finding in the USA study of sheep. Energy balance trials were conducted to compare MEI recovery by the retained energy (RE) and by EE as measured by HR and O2P. The trial hypothesis was that if HR reliably estimated EE, the MEI proportion to (EE+RE) would not be significantly different from 1.0. Beef cows along a year of their reproductive cycle and growing lambs were used. The MEI recoveries of both trials were not significantly different from 1.0, 1.062+0.026 and 0.957+0.024 respectively. The cows' reproductive state did not affect the O2P, which is similar to the finding in the USA study. Pasture ME content and animal variables such as HR, VO2, O2P and EE of cows on grazing and in confinement were measured throughout three years under twenty-nine combinations of herbage quality and cows' reproductive state. In twelve grazing states, individual faecal output (FO) was measured and MEI was calculated. Regression analyses of the EE and RE dependent on MEI were highly significant (P<0.001). The predicted values of EE at zero intake (78 kcal/kgBW0.75), were similar to those estimated by NRC (1984). The EE at maintenance condition of the grazing cows (EE=MEI, 125 kcal/kgBW0.75) which are in the range of 96.1 to 125.5 as presented by NRC (1996 pp 6-7) for beef cows. Average daily HR and EE were significantly increased by lactation, P<0.001 and P<0.02 respectively. Grazing ME significantly increased HR and EE, P<0.001 and P<0.00l respectively. In contradiction to the finding in confined ewes and cows, the O2P of the grazing cows was significantly affected by the combined treatments (P<0.00l ); this effect was significantly related to the diet ME (P<0.00l ) and consequently to the MEI (P<0.03). Grazing significantly increased O2P compared to confinement. So, when EE of grazing animals during a certain season of the year is estimated using the HR method, the O2P must be re measured whenever grazing ME changes. A high correlation (R2>0.96) of group average EE and of HR dependency on MEI was also found in confined cows, which were fed six different diets and in growing lambs on three diets. In conclusion, the studies conducted in USA and in Israel investigated in depth the physiological mechanisms of cardiovascular and O2 mobilization, and went on to investigate a wide variety of ruminant species, ages, reproductive states, diets ME, time of intake and time of day, and compared these variables under grazing and confinement conditions. From these combined studies we can conclude that EE can be determined from HR measurements during several days, multiplied by O2P measured over a short period of time (10-15 min). The study showed that RE could be determined during the growing phase without slaughtering. In the near future the development microelectronic devices will enable wide use of the HR method to determine EE and energy balance. It will open new scopes of physiological and agricultural research with minimizes strain on animals. The method also has a high potential as a tool for herd management.

Estilos ABNT, Harvard, Vancouver, APA, etc.

Oferecemos descontos em todos os planos premium para autores cujas obras estão incluídas em seleções literárias temáticas. Contate-nos para obter um código promocional único!