Teses / dissertações: "Human services – technological innovations"

1

Bruer, Ruth A. "Public-private partnership in the transfer of technology to human service programs by Ruth A. Bruer". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39895.

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The purpose of this dissertation is to describe the transfer of a specific technology to a program intended to benefit a segment of the older population. The study interprets the implications of this transfer process for human service programs responsive to the public interest. This provides a lucrative realm for examining the process as an outgrowth of public-private partnerships. Analysis of a partnership in five case studies illustrates the dynamics between nonprofit and for-profit organizations and potential tensions related to differing goals, means, and values. Theoretical grounding draws on relevant organization theory that guides the consideration of prominent concepts, such as responsiveness to the public and the potential for cooptation of public goals in public-private organizational partnerships. With this as a base, the dissertation provides implications for the development of theory on technology transfer in the delivery of human services.
Ph. D.

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Schafermeyer, Erich Reinhardt. "An IR and RF Based System for Functional Gait Analysis in a Multi-Resident Smart-Home". PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3502.

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Changes in the gait characteristics, such as walking speed and stride length, of a person living at home can be used to presage cognitive decline, predict fall potential, monitor long-term changes in cognitive impairment, test drug regimens, and more. This thesis presents a novel approach to gait analysis in a smart-home environment by leveraging new advances in inexpensive sensors and embedded systems to create novel solutions for in-home gait analysis. Using a simple, non-invasive hardware system consisting entirely of wall-mounted infrared and radio frequency sensor arrays, data is collected on the gait of subjects as they pass by. This data is then analyzed and sent to a clinician for further study. The system is non-invasive in that it does not use cameras and could be built into the molding of a home so that it would be nearly invisible. In a finished prototype version, the system presented in this thesis could be used to analyze the gait characteristics of one or more subjects living in a home environment while ignoring the data of visitors and other non-subject cohabitants. The ability to constantly collect data from a home environment could provide thousands of observations per year for clinical analysis. Providing such a robust data set may allow people with gait impairment to live at home longer and more safely before transitioning to a care facility, have a reduced fall risk due to better prediction, and live a healthier life in old age.

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Sugolov, Pavlo. "Are mobile and fixed line telephone services substitutes or complements? evidence from transition economies /". Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2020.

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Verma, Audrey. "The role of digital technologies in human-nature relationships". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=230594.

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While technology has widely been formulated as antithetical to nature, there has been an increased adoption of digital set-ups to promote and enact environmental conservation. This thesis thus examined a range of digital technologies more commonly used for nature-related activities (for example, mobile applications for crowdsourcing data, satellite tracking and mapping facilities, and visual imaging equipment such as cameras and sonar devices) with two objectives. First, at an applied level, the research sought to locate the new set-ups being used, and to unfold the technical, practical and relational issues emerging from this use. Second, at a more abstract level, the research aimed to better understand the sociological implications of deploying these technologies, in terms of the definitions of 'nature' being 'produced' and how the devices might be (re)shaping human-nature relationships. Four areas were studied: wildlife monitoring and recording, public engagement efforts by conservation organisations, conflict management, and digital art production. These contexts form the data chapters of this thesis, and the findings result from an inter-disciplinary qualitative social scientific research enquiry, framed by a constructionist perspective. With regard to the first aim, this research found that the technologies used by organisations and practitioners had the capacity to increase public participation as well as the quantity and quality of nature-related data and information, and could contribute to the formulation of environmental conservation strategies. However, these capacities did not come without issues such as the relegation of public participants to passive roles and struggles over legitimacy in terms of production and interpretation of data wrought from new devices. In relation to the second aim, this research found that digital technological set-ups (re)configured the ways in which wildlife in particular was seen and understood, and revealed both enmeshment and persistent binaries along the emotion/cognition and nature/culture axes. These findings highlight the role of emotions in conservation, and point to increasing complexities in how humans define and relate to nature.

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Makitla, Mokone Ishmael. "A conceptual model of an access-technology-agnostic delivery mechanism for ICT4D services". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019756.

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Information and Communication Technology for Development (ICT4D) is an emerging research area that is concerned with the beneficial applications of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) to achieve developmental goals. ICT4D is thus concerned with designing and developing innovative technologies for resource-constrained environments for applications in key areas of social development such as health, agriculture and education. The ICT4D initiatives, therefore, are driving three main tasks, namely developing the required infrastructure (connectivity, electricity and computing devices) sustainably, building the required ICT human capacity, and providing access to digital content and services. Each of these three main thrusts necessitates innovation. This study addresses the evident lack of delivery mechanisms to facilitate access to digital content and services to end-users through the technologies that these end-users already possess. This lack of innovative delivery mechanisms is both an impediment to achieving equitable access to digital content and service and an opportunity to innovate. Therefore, drawing from the theoretical background of ICT4D, this study develops a set of technical and socio-technical requirements that the missing delivery mechanisms should satisfy. The study also explores the Service Delivery Platform (SDP) concept as a technically viable basis for the required delivery mechanisms. The study then develops a conceptual model of an Access-Technology-Agnostic Delivery Mechanism as a possible delivery mechanism that facilitates equitable access to digital content and services within an ICT4D context. The relevance of the conceptual model is established and, through a prototype implementation, the technical feasibility and utility of the conceptual model is demonstrated. The conceptual model is demonstrated through a proof of concept implementation using standards-based open source technologies. The proof of concept clearly demonstrates that the access-technology-agnostic delivery of digital content and services is achievable, thus making the same service accessible through different access technologies. In developing the Access-Technology-Agnostic Delivery Mechanism, this study contributes through innovation to providing access to digital content and services in an access-technology-agnostic manner.

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Francis, Neville. "Essays on human capital and technology shocks /". Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3013694.

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Oguz, Fatih Moen William E. "An exploration of the diffusion of a new technology from communities of practice perspective web services technologies in digital libraries /". [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3930.

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8

Askins, Stephen Alexander. "Modeling of digital clay for evaluation of coordinated control". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19541.

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Van, Heerden Jeanne-Marie. "The impact of the implementation of E-HRM on the human resource management function". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1021239.

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The purpose of the research was to improve the use of electronic human resource management in South African businesses by investigating that there is a positive impact when implementing e-HRM on the human resource management function. The research was carried out within a South African business, whose parent business concern is based overseas and has branches operating within South Africa The research was significant as it shaped the researcher’s concern as to whether electronic human resource would be beneficial to a South African business if the business superiors decide to implement e-HRM within their business opinion and what impact it would have. The methodological components that guided the research were a structured questionnaire that was distributed by using a combination of convenience, snowball, and judgemental sampling techniques. Certain aspects highlighted in the literature review were used as the framework for the development of a questionnaire to assess how people perceive the implementation of e-HR on their working environment and if e-HR has helped the business run more efficiently and effectively. Six hypotheses were tested and all were accepted. The potential for generalisations of the findings are that given the potential that e-HRM has for the transformation of human resource, it is reasonable to expect that the sizeable changes required, both in organisation and mindset, are likely to provoke resistance from various end users. What was learned was that HR is often hindered by a multitude of manual, paper based processes and transactions, such as tax, payroll and benefits information, that are costly, prone to errors and time-consuming to manage. This makes it difficult for HR organisations to focus on higher value business in initiatives that may help to drive the profitability and efficiency of the organisations. The implication of the findings about the impact of the implementation of e-HR on the Human Resource Management function was that firms need to figure out how to make technology feasible and industrious, as managers and Human Resource professionals are responsible for redefining how work at their firms or business flow as they need to keep ahead of the information curve and therefore learn how to influence information for business results to be more efficient and effective. The theoretical and practical implications of the findings are discussed and recommendations based on these findings are provided.

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Kenny, Peter. "News agencies as content providers and purveyors of news: A mediahistoriographical study on the development and diversity of wire services". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1616.

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Thesis (MPhil (Journalism))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.
This study examines the history, development and diversity of news agencies. It studies the major agencies and pinpoints how smaller wire services that sometimes purvey niche news seek to offer a more diverse global news-flow. The linkage between news agencies and technological developments, and how wire services have helped advance technology, is examined since the first agencies began in the 1800s, up to the current era of the Internet. The rise of television and the subsequent ascent of the Internet prompted new demands for more diverse news procurement. This accelerated the convergence of different media and has exposed challenges and opportunities to news agencies, large and small. Alongside the telegraph, news wire services expanded from supplying news and information locally to being global players, helping the world shrink. The mediahistoriographical approach engages a critical examination of literature sources regarding the development of the major wire services, and some of the smaller players. The literature, along with interviews with news agency experts, provides the material to examine wire services. The study shows how some original agencies leveraged opportunities offered by their standing in powerful nations to become dominant transnational players. The ascendancy of the mega-agencies compounded limited news-flows from developed to poorer nations, while an expansion of diversified news-flows has not matched technological progression. This study concludes by recommending greater recognition of the importance of news agencies and more scholarly examination of them, as studies on them appear scarce compared to those on other media branches, such as newspapers, the electronic media and the Internet. More studies into the development of both mainstream and alternative news agencies would pave the way for a better understanding of how they function and could provide clues as to how they might be able to better sustain themselves as more diverse entities for the benefit of the public discourse. Through the above, this dissertation seeks to contribute, in a small way, to rectifying a knowledge disparity regarding a key component of the mass media, namely the news agency.

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Bitter, James. "Adlerian Family Therapy: Innovations and Creative Process,” Invited Address". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6081.

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Shozi, Nobubele Angel. "Factors affecting the use of mobile devices for remote data collection in home community based care". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1012621.

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The health care systems of developing countries, which are already weak, have to carry an additional strain brought on by the burden of infectious diseases. This added strain means that the health care provided is not of the highest quality. The use of home community based care (HCBC) was introduced as an attempt to provide basic health care services to people through the services of community health care workers (CHCW). With the development of HCBC in developing countries and the CHCW playing a vital role in ensuring that the lives of people living with diseases are improved, the need for information and communication technology (ICT) solutions is increased. The information that is collected by the CHCW is paper-based and it cannot be analysed and used efficiently and effectively. This study embraces the adoption of a socio-technical perspective when an ICT solution is introduced in an environment. A socio-technical perspective focuses on three dimensions: the user, the environment and the technology used. These three need to be in coherence to ensure that the technology is used effectively by the user within the environment. Therefore the objective of this study is to identify a list of socio-technical factors that affect CHCWs when they are using mobile phones for data collection purposes in home community based care. In order to achieve this it was necessary to understand how the socio-technical subsystems of the HCBC environment are constituted. The study followed a qualitative approach, including interviews and observations, to collect the data which will best enable the researcher to understand the home community based care environment, its people and the use of the technology to collect data in this environment, in particular mobile phones. A qualitative content analysis approach was followed to analyse the data and constitute a list of factors affecting the use of mobile devices for remote data collection in home community based care. It is hoped that this research will assist to inform the design of appropriate mobile health applications to both ease the burden of CHCWs (i.e. it should be faster and easier to use than paper) and improve the healthcare service provided through enabling access to patient records to all partners in the care continuum.

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Rowan, James Thomas Jr. "Digital Family Portraits: Support for Aging in Place". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/7472.

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As people age there is an overwhelming desire to remain in the familiar surroundings of the family home, what is called Aging in Place. But inevitable changes that occur in their lives force the aging adults and their families to consider a move to some form of institutional living. Living at a distance from one another, the adult child attempts to maintain peace of mind concerning the well-being of their aging parents but finds it to be a difficult task. I propose to address this problem by first proposing that technology can help minimize the anxieties experienced by the adult child concerning their aging parents well being by appropriately presenting information on the aging parents daily life. This technological design concept does not require that the aging parent input, or for that matter, do anything other than live their lives as they normally live them. Further, this technology provides this information in a manner that is continuously available to the adult child for either opportunistic or planned perusal. As a single instance of the technological design concept proposed above, the Digital Family Portrait embeds well-being related information into an item commonly found in homes, the picture in a picture frame. The Digital Family Portrait was first tested in a wizard-of-oz field trial, then redesigned based on the outcome of this initial field trial coupled with the results of two lab-based studies and a further informal evaluation. The redesigned Digital Family Portrait was built and installed in the home of an adult child while the sensors to drive it were installed in an aging parents home. A field trial of this installation lasting for one year was conducted. The result of this field trial was to find that the Digital Family Portrait was an acceptable means of resolving certain peace of mind issues for the adult child while not raising privacy. It was found to be used in a socially acceptable manner by the adult child while the aging parent to reported feeling less lonely.

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Faissol, Daniel Mello. "Technology adoption and inequality". Thesis, Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22710.

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Chiza, Albin Boris Lugerero. "Adoption of cloud computing services amongst the micro-enterprise sector in Cape Town". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2862.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2018.
Micro-enterprises play a vital role towards the South Africa’s economic growth by contributing towards job creation. Despite the importance of the role of micro-enterprises, micro-enterprises face several challenges such as lack of finance, lack of skilled workers and lack of technological resources. Previous studies indicate that Information Technology has a distinct role in assisting micro-enterprises overcome several challenges. It is further evidenced in the extant literature that cloud computing, provides a low cost entry for enterprises to support several facets of their business operations. In the current era cloud computing requires a constant as well as fast internet connection and the South African government has various interventions to address the infrastructure divide. However, we have a scant understanding of the adoption challenges amongst micro-enterprises to adopt cloud solutions, which to date feature more prominently amongst larger organisations. This research investigated the factors that influence cloud computing adoption in the micro-enterprise sector in Cape Town. This is a city that promotes the contribution of micro-enterprises to their economic activity, and was such an ideal location to investigate cloud computing adoption amongst the micro-enterprise sector. This research provides a rich understanding of the factors that influence micro-enterprises in Cape Town to adopt cloud computing services and proposes guidelines to encourage micro-enterprises in Cape Town to use cloud services to improve their productivity. The researcher uses the UTAUT model as a framework and a qualitative research methodology to investigate the research question. Data for this research study was collected via face to face interviews with semi-structured questions of ten micro-enterprises and an IT expert. The findings showed that the factors influencing the adoption of cloud computing services are performance expectancy, effort expectancy, social influence, facilitating conditions, lack of training, cost efficiency and reduction of working hours.

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Zhang, Huiqi. "Socioscope: Human Relationship and Behavior Analysis in Mobile Social Networks". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2010. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc30533/.

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The widely used mobile phone, as well as its related technologies had opened opportunities for a complete change on how people interact and build relationship across geographic and time considerations. The convenience of instant communication by mobile phones that broke the barrier of space and time is evidently the key motivational point on why such technologies so important in people's life and daily activities. Mobile phones have become the most popular communication tools. Mobile phone technology is apparently changing our relationship to each other in our work and lives. The impact of new technologies on people's lives in social spaces gives us the chance to rethink the possibilities of technologies in social interaction. Accordingly, mobile phones are basically changing social relations in ways that are intricate to measure with any precision. In this dissertation I propose a socioscope model for social network, relationship and human behavior analysis based on mobile phone call detail records. Because of the diversities and complexities of human social behavior, one technique cannot detect different features of human social behaviors. Therefore I use multiple probability and statistical methods for quantifying social groups, relationships and communication patterns, for predicting social tie strengths and for detecting human behavior changes and unusual consumption events. I propose a new reciprocity index to measure the level of reciprocity between users and their communication partners. The experimental results show that this approach is effective. Among other applications, this work is useful for homeland security, detection of unwanted calls (e.g., spam), telecommunication presence, and marketing. In my future work I plan to analyze and study the social network dynamics and evolution.

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Sigwejo, Annastellah Obedi. "Evaluating e-government services : a citizen-centric framework". Thesis, Cape Peninisula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2285.

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Thesis (MTech (Information Technology))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
In a quest to offer better services to both citizens and businesses throughout Africa, efforts to adopt e-government projects are gaining momentum. As a result of this, there is a need for effective measurement of delivery and quality of such e-services. Currently, there are several metrics applied to measure and rank the e-readiness of various African countries. However, while these measures have provided a source of comparative analysis between different e-government projects, they are far from being perfect. For example, most of these measures are diverse and difficult to compare, since they assume ‘one size fits all’ and ignore differing environmental, cultural and contextual factors of various countries. Further criticisms of these measures are that they are ‘first generation metrics’ designed for developed countries, as opposed to developing countries. Thus, the crux of the research problem was that there are no suitable evaluation strategies for understanding and measuring the effectiveness of e-government services in order to improve the management thereof, and thereby attain the best possible value for citizens. The objective of this study was to develop a framework, for evaluating the effectiveness of e-government services in a typical developing country. Tanzania’s mainland was chosen as the context for this study: as a typical developing African country, its early phase of e-government development provided an optimal case for this study concerned with the useful and effective evaluation of e-government services. I have chosen a qualitative research method paradigm, underpinned by an interpretive approach, to facilitate both research objectives: developing an evaluation framework after determining the necessary evaluation parameters. Empirical evidence was gathered via interviews with e-government practitioners in Tanzania and via focus groups with selected citizens. Other sources of data included government documentation (policies and strategies) and government websites. The data was analysed through the combined application of an adapted grounded theory method and interpretation. Using the latter analytical processes several effectiveness dimensions of e-government services were derived. Through further analysis these were synthesised into the main output of the study viz. an e-government citizen satisfaction framework (ECSF). This framework, a unique contribution to the existing body of knowledge, demonstrates how citizen and government imperatives should be amalgamated to evaluate the effectiveness of e-government services. The findings further support and advance Information Technology management within government, as this is the first comprehensive framework to ensure an integrated approach for monitoring and evaluating e-government programmes. This study also combines important ideas from two existing domains—service management and IS evaluation—to generate new foundations leading to further work by researchers.

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Charoensri, Pijarn. "Technology Infusion in Career Services at U.S. Institutions of Higher Education in the Southwest". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278087/.

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The purpose of this study was to examine the use of computer and communications technologies at four-year public/private college and university career centers that are members of the Southwest Association of Colleges and Employers (SWACE). The findings of this study reveal that (a) all career centers are now using computer and telecommunications technologies for at least one office function; (b) small institutions do not use technologies as much as large institutions because they have fewer financial resources, less technical support from institutions, fewer personnel, and they also need time to learn to use technologies effectively; (c) public career centers are more willing to explore new technologies but private career centers mostly adopt and implement proven technologies; (d) career education does not utilize technologies as much as career counseling or job placement functions; (e) lack of financial resources and lack of technical support are major barriers to a technological infusion; and (f) technologies, including electronic student databases, computerized presentations with the network connection, and OCR scanners, will be needed in the near future.

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Wong, Jason Pei Wai. "Institutions, knowledge acquisition and cooperation : innovation in the emerging domestic mobile phone industry in China /". View abstract or full-text, 2004. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?SOSC%202004%20WONG.

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Thesis (M. Phil.)--Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, 2004.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 71-76). Also available in electronic version. Access restricted to campus users.

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Al-khowaiter, Wassan Abdullah Ali. "Users' perception of human resource information systems in a Saudi Arabian public sector organisation : examining antecedents of usage, satisfaction and system's user success". Thesis, Swansea University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.678278.

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Palaci, François. "Contribution ergonomique à l’analyse prospective d’innovations technico-organisationnelles dans les systèmes complexes". Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0032.

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La réussite des projets d’introduction d’innovations technico-organisationnelles au sein de systèmes complexes passe par une capacité d’anticipation des conséquences des évolutions programmées. L’ergonomie se saisit de cet enjeu en proposant des démarches méthodologiques visant à approcher l’activité future. Comment décrire, analyser, modéliser l’activité et un futur dispositif, pour les mettre en relation afin d’élaborer des visions de ce que pourrait devenir l’activité ? La question critique est celle de la projection de l’activité dans la situation régie par le futur dispositif. L’examen des démarches existantes montre que les caractéristiques des projets d’innovation et celles des situations concernées peuvent rendre ces démarches difficiles à mettre en œuvre. Une démarche alternative d’analyse prospective des innovations est proposée, qui comprend différentes étapes : caractérisation des dimensions structurantes de l’activité coopérative ; caractérisation des éléments constitutifs du futur dispositif et des grands principes sous-jacents à ces éléments ; mise en relation pour construire une vision des conséquences possibles de l’évolution du dispositif. Cette démarche a été mise à l’épreuve dans le cadre d’un projet d’évolution du dispositif de sécurisation des interventions de maintenance (consignation) dans une industrie de process à risques. Elle a permis de mettre en évidence la centralité des protocoles de coordination, qui forment un « écosystème protocolaire », et le rôle périphérique joué par certains mécanismes, tels que la production d’une conscience mutuelle (mutual awareness)
The success of the implementation of techno-organizational innovations into complex systems requires an ability to anticipate consequences of the intended evolutions. Human Factors take up this issue by putting forward methodological frameworks that aim at foreseeing future work practices. How can actual work practices and a future socio-technical environment be described, analyzed and modeled? How should these accounts be connected in order to envision future work practices? The critical issue is how to make a projection of actual work practices into the future socio-technical environment. An examination of available methodological frameworks shows that they can prove difficult to apply in cases where innovation projects, and the settings those projects deal with, present specific characteristics. An alternative framework to guide prospective analysis of innovations is proposed. Its different stages are: (i) characterizing the structuring dimensions of cooperative work; (ii) characterizing features of the future socio-technical environment and major assumptions underlying those features; (iii) making the connection in order to envision possible consequences of the environment evolutions. This methodological framework was tested in the context of a project that aims at improving the maintenance staff protection (tagout) socio-technical environment in a high-risk process industry. It enabled to highlight the importance of coordinative protocols, which shape an “ecosystem of protocols”, and the peripheral role of some other mechanisms, such as the production of mutual awareness

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Hess, Andrew M. "Essays on dynamic capabilities the role of intellectual human capital in firm innovation /". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22593.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Management, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Frank T. Rothaermel; Committee Member: J. Jeongsik Lee; Committee Member: John Walsh; Committee Member: Luis Martins; Committee Member: Matt Higgins.

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Baxter, David. "Perception of organisational politics and workplace innovation : an investigation of the perceptions and behaviour of staff in an Australian IT services organisation /". Swinburne Research Bank, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.3/46062.

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Thesis (D.B.A.)--Swinburne University of Technology, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, 2004.
A thesis submitted to the fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Swinburne University of Technology, 2004. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-230).

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Oguz, Fatih. "An exploration of the diffusion of a new technology from communities of practice perspective: Web services technologies in digital libraries". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2007. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc3930/.

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This study explored and described decision factors related to technology adoption. The research used diffusion of innovations and communities of practice (CoP) theoretical frameworks and a case study of Web services technology in the digital library (DL) environment to develop an understanding of the decision-making process. A qualitative case study approach was used to investigate the research problems and data were collected through semi-structured interviews, documentary evidence (e.g., meeting minutes), and a comprehensive member check. The research conducted face-to-face and phone interviews with seven respondents with different job titles (administraive vs. technical) from five different DL programs selected based on distinctive characteristics such as size of the DL program. Findings of the research suggested that the decision-making process is a complex process in which a number of factors are considered when making technology adoption decisions. These factors are categorized as organizational, individual, and technology specific factors. Further, data showed that DL CoPs played an important role in enabling staff members of a DL program to access up-to-date and experienced-based knowledge, provided a distributed problem solving and learning environment, facilitating informal communication and collaborative activities, and informing the decision-making process.

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Bitter, James. "Adlerian Interventions in the Process of Change, Keynote Address". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2002. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6082.

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Rocha, Leonardo Andrade 1982. "Crescimento, fronteira tecnológica e a hipótese da relatividade do capital humano". [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/286022.

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Orientador: Maria Ester Soares Dal Poz
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia
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Resumo: Nas últimas décadas vários estudos têm enfatizado a importância do capital humano para o desenvolvimento das economias. Entretanto, muitos destes estudos não têm incorporado a idéia de que os diferentes estágios de desenvolvimento importam para que se tenha uma visão acurada do papel do capital humano em tal desenvolvimento. Neste sentido, distintos graus de proximidade com a fronteira condicionam os resultados da política econômica, de forma que os aspectos globais afetam o desempenho de cada economia. Para isto, esta investigação analisou os impactos da política de educação na taxa de progresso tecnológico e no crescimento dos países, conforme o grau de proximidade com a fronteira. As economias mais atrasadas demandam por recursos mais estruturais em relação aos investimentos estratégicos em Ciência, Tecnologia e Inovação (C,T&I). Nesta mesma direção, outros estudos, como Vandenbussche, Aghion e Meghir (2006) e Aghion, Boustan, Hoxby, e Vandenbussche (2009), chegaram a conclusões similares, sinalizando a atualidade do tema. Para esta finalidade, construiu-se um modelo de crescimento schumpeteriano incorporando à produtividade, duas fontes de melhorias adotadas pelas firmas: os componentes de imitação e inovação. O estoque de mão de obra qualificada é alocado nas atividades intensivas de P&D inovadora das firmas. Já o estoque de mão de obra não-qualificada é alocado nos departamentos de implementação de técnicas gerenciais e planejamento já existentes, ou seja, estratégias adaptadas da fronteira. Cada empresário monopolista busca maximizar sua utilidade que é definida pelo consumo esperado menos os custos de contratação da força de trabalho qualificada e não-qualificada. Nas condições de otimização, são construídas duas funções de demanda por cada fator. A demanda do empresário monopolista em cada setor de insumos intermediários é dividida na contratação de mão de obra qualificada e não-qualificada. A função de demanda por fator não-qualificado depende positivamente da distância tecnológica em relação à fronteira. Ou seja, para as economias mais afastadas o trade-off entre C,T&I e os investimentos na criação de oportunidades tecnológicas, vai se tornando mais expressivo à medida em que a distância for aumentando. Para os setores mais avançados, a demanda por mão de obra qualificada pode oferecer um rápido crescimento em relação aos setores mais atrasados. Para mensurar o estoque de qualificação e não-qualificação, foram utilizados os anos de escolaridade para cada nível de ensino: fator não-qualificado - anos de escolaridade média do ensino primário e secundário e; fator qualificado - anos de escolaridade média do ensino superior ou terciário. Este banco de dados é fornecido por Barro e Lee (2000) e é construído considerando uma defasagem de cinco anos entre 1960-2000. No modelo empírico construiu-se uma regressão do ln(PTF), ln(PIB/trabalhador) e das taxas de crescimento do PIB/trabalhador com função dos anos de escolaridade defasados (t-1) e da interação da escolaridade com o coeficiente de distância tecnológica defasado (t-1). As regressões foram estimadas com dados em painel adotando vários métodos computacionais de estimação. As primeiras estimativas revelaram que os anos de escolaridade da educação primária e secundária contribuem para a acumulação do PIB por trabalhador e da PTF nas economias mais afastadas da fronteira tecnológica. Já os anos de escolaridade do ensino superior têm um efeito aumentador do PIB por trabalhador e da PTF nas economias mais próximas da fronteira. Os resultados da tese permitem, então, concluir que o subdesenvolvimento - pelo menos no que se refere à sua face da formação de recursos humanos - apresenta um caráter perverso: aqueles que não estão próximos à fronteira necessitam de esforços ainda maiores para dela se aproximarem
Abstract: In recent years several studies have emphasized the importance of human capital for economic development. However, many of these studies have not incorporated the different stages of development to which the economies are found. In this sense, different degrees of proximity to the technological frontier induce the results of economic policy, so that the global aspects affecting the performance of economies. For this, our research examined the impacts of education policy on the rate of technological progress and the economic growth of countries according to the degree of proximity to the frontier. The most backward economies are demanding more on structural investments in relation to strategic investments in ST&I. In the same direction, other studies such as Vandenbussche, Aghion and Megh (2006) and Aghion, Boustan, Hoxby, and Vandenbussche (2009), reached similar conclusions, indicating the relevance of this research. For this, we constructed a Schumpeterian growth model incorporating on productivity, two sources of improvements adopted by firms: the components of imitation and innovation. The stock of skilled labor is allocated in the innovation activities by firms. Unlike, the stock of labor is unskilled allocated to departments for implementation of management standards and planning, ie, imitation strategies by firms. Each monopolist entrepreneur seeks to maximize its utility function that is defined by expected consumption less costs of hiring skilled labor force and unskilled. Under conditions of maximization are built two demand functions for each factor. The demand of the monopolist entrepreneur in each sector of intermediate inputs is divided in hiring skilled labor and unskilled. The demand function for factor unskilled depends positively on the distance to frontier , ie, to the backward economies, the trade-off between ST & I and investments on technological opportunities (basic infrastructure), becomes the more significant as the distance increases. For the most advanced sectors, the demand for skilled labor can offer a enhanced-growth in relation to the most backward sectors. To measure the stock of skilled and unskilled, were used average years of schooling within each education level: unskilled labor - average years of schooling in primary and secondary level; skilled labor - the average years of schooling in higher education or tertiary level. This database is provided by Barro and Lee (2000) and is built considering the five years between 1960-2000. The estimated model consisted of the regression of ln(TFP), ln(GDP per worker) and the growth rates of GDP per worker with the years of schooling lagged (t-1) and the interaction between schooling and the coefficient of technological gap lagged (t-1). The regressions were estimated with panel data using various computational methods of estimation. Early estimates show that years of schooling of the primary and secondary education contribute to the accumulation of GDP per worker and TFP when the economy is further away from the technological frontier. The estimated parameters showed statistical significance and expected signs with the hypothesis of the investigation. Since the schooling years of higher education (tertiary) have an increased effect of GDP per worker and TFP when the economy approaches the frontier
Doutorado
Desenvolvimento Economico, Espaço e Meio Ambiente
Doutor em Desenvolvimento Economico

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Tekeh, Emmanuel Temban. "The adoption of virtual teams and virtual technology in human resources management : a South African perspective". Thesis, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/2075.

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Thesis (MTech (Business Information Systems))--Cape Peninsula University of Technology, 2015.
This study explores factors contributing to the slow adoption of virtual teams and virtual technology by South African organisations in Cape Town. The study adopted the Technology Organisation and Environment (TOE) framework to examine the influence of technological organisational and environmental contextual factors on organisation’s adoption of virtual teams and virtual technology. Three organisations from different industries in Cape Town were chosen as a case study. Data was collected via qualitative interviews and quantitative questionnaires while content analysis and a statistics package for social sciences were used to analyse and generate results. The results indicated that all three dimensions of the TOE framework significantly either enabled or inhibited organisational adoption of virtual teams and virtual technology. Technological contextual factors such as availability of technology were found to enable adoption while high set-up cost inhibited adoption, and perceived benefit and drawbacks either inhibited or enabled adoption due to the influence of other contextual factors. Organisational contextual factors like available resources and slacks were found to facilitate, whereas organisational competency and formal and informal linking structures impeded adoption. Management commitment, communication process, degree of centralisation, organisation size and technological competency were found to either enable or inhibit technology adoption owing to the influences of other contextual factors. Environmental contextual factors such as competition, government regulation and rapidly growing industries were found to encourage technology adoption. Lack of skilled labour was found to restrain technology adoption while industry characteristics, market structures and technology support infrastructure either enabled or inhibited organisational adoption of virtual teams and virtual technology due to the influence of other contextual factors.

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Willett, Melanie. "A framework for assuring conformance of cloud-based email at higher education institutions". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1018664.

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Cloud computing is a relatively immature computing paradigm that could significantly benefit users. Cloud computing solutions are often associated with potential benefits such as cost reduction, less administrative hassle, flexibility and scalability. For organisations to realize such potential benefits, cloud computing solutions need to be chosen, implemented, managed and governed in a way that is secure, compliant with internal and external requirements and indicative of due diligence. This can be a challenge, given the many concerns and risks commonly associated with cloud computing solutions. One cloud computing solution that is being widely adopted around the world is cloud-based email. One of the foremost adopters of this cloud computing solution is higher education institutions. These higher education institutions stand to benefit greatly from using such services. Cloud-based email can be provisioned to staff and students at these institutions for free. Additionally, cloud service providers (CSPs) are able to provide a better email service than some higher education institutions would be able to provide if they were required to do so in-house. CSPs often provide larger inboxes and many extra services with cloud-based email. Cloud-based email is, therefore, clearly an example of a cloud computing solution that has the potential to benefit organisations. There are however, risks and challenges associated with the use of this cloud computing solution. Two of these challenges relate to ensuring conformance to internal and external (legal, regulatory and contractual obligations) requirements and to providing a mechanism of assuring that cloud-based email related activities are sound. The lack of structured guidelines for assuring the conformance of cloud-based email is putting this service at risk at higher education institutions in South Africa. This work addresses this problem by promoting a best practice based approach to assuring the conformance of cloud-based email at higher education institutions. To accomplish this, components of applicable standards and best practice guidelines for IT governance, IT assurance and IT conformance are used to construct a framework for assuring the conformance of cloud-based email. The framework is designed and verified using sound design science principles. The utility and value of the framework has been demonstrated at a higher education institution in South Africa. This framework can be used to assist higher education institutions to demonstrate due diligence in assuring that they conform to legal and best practice requirements for the management and governance of cloud-based email. This is a significant contribution in the relatively new field of cloud computing governance.

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Bothma, Tracy. "The impact of customer relationship management on retail banking using self-service channels". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1013654.

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If you do not own the latest technology today it is thought that you are left behind in this technology driven age. More businesses use Self- Service channels to accommodate the increasing demands of customers. It has been said that the use of self-service channels can reduce input costs, increase efficiency and improve customer service. Unfortunately, many customers are left unsatisfied because retail banks are moving away from the human interaction when visiting a branch or advise customers to use their self-service channels, sometimes without any assistance. This causes customers to move banks, complain and in so doing reduce profits and customer relationships with their banks.This research’s main objective was to determine the impact of customer relationship management on retail banks that make use of self-service channels. A theoretical overview of self-service channels and customer relationship management was given. Advantages and disadvantages of each option were explored. The researcher wanted to explore the relation between customers using self-service channels and the assistance and protection provided by retail banks. The customer experience questionnaire used in this research asked retail banking customers from the South African population to determine how customers perceive and experience their banks’ self-service channels and customer service. Many questions relating to their needs and wants with regards to banking have been explored. The results show that most customers are satisfied with their banks in general but do feel that the banks can improve their customer service and assistance with regards to using self-service channels like ATM’s, online and telephone banking and E-Wallet. It has concluded that most customers choose their banks based on advertisements and other media, not customer service, product range or word-of-mouth. The general perception is that customers say that their bank charges do justify the customer service received.

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Parolin, Sonia Regina Hierro. "Características organizacionais e espaço para a criatividade em organizaçoes inovativas". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-13052008-195529/.

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A pesquisa visou identificar as relações entre características organizacionais e de espaço para a criatividade, em organizações inovativas, com objetivo de contribuir com as discussões emergentes sobre a integração entre estratégias de gestão de pessoas e de inovação. As características organizacionais foram estruturadas com base em vários modelos desenvolvidos por diversos autores e envolveram: estrutura organizacional, filosofia e valores e políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos. O espaço para a criatividade, também baseado na contribuição de diversos autores, envolveu: encorajamento à criatividade, ambiente de tarefa, recursos e impedimentos organizacionais. A pesquisa caracterizou-se exploratório-descritiva com abordagem quali-quantitativa e é apresentada em seis capítulos. Foi realizada em quatro organizações de médio e grande porte localizadas, na sua maioria, na Região Metropolitana de Curitiba, estado do Paraná (Brasil), pertencentes a diferentes setores e densidades tecnológicas, selecionadas pelo histórico com inovações e atividades inovativas. A amostra foi composta de 12 gestores de Recursos Humanos e de Tecnologia e de 338 colaboradores das áreas técnicas e administrativas. O instrumento de pesquisa teve Alfha de Cronbach de 0,912, para 66 itens. A verificação das relações entre as variáveis foi realizada pelo método multivariado de Correlação Canônica, utilizando o programa Statgraphics Plus, versão 5.1 e R 2.6.0. As análises foram realizadas pelo primeiro par canônico, que apresentou correlação de 0,926 e R2 canônica de 0,857 entre as variáveis principais, atestando altas associações entre elas. As correlações entre as subvariáveis apresentaram altas correlações com filosofia e valores (0,880 e R2 canônico de 0,774), com políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos (0,879 e R2 canônico de 0.773) e baixa correlação com estrutura organizacional, na concepção tradicional de organização do trabalho (0,495 e R2 canônico de 0,246). Os principais resultados integram a gestão da inovação e a gestão de pessoas à estratégia organizacional voltada para resultados com inovações, em qualquer de suas modalidades. Nessas organizações inovativas, o espaço para a criatividade é permeado por práticas de valorização das pessoas e de seus resultados e clareza sobre a estratégia organizacional ao conjunto dos colaboradores. Práticas coerentes com esses valores e estruturas mais flexíveis e mais voltadas para a participação e para o trabalho desenvolvido em grupos são encorajadoras da criatividade nas organizações inovativas. As políticas e sistemas de recursos humanos mais evidenciados (promotores do espaço para a criatividade) referem-se àqueles que provocam o desenvolvimento do ser humano na organização. As práticas que propiciam aos colaboradores sentirem-se acreditados em sua capacidade criativa relacionam-se, principalmente, aos feedbacks construtivos que reforçam o ciclo de confiança, à avaliação de desempenho associado ao desenvolvimento profissional e aos incentivos ofertados para resultados alcançados coletivamente. Como estudo exploratório, a pesquisa evidenciou características organizacionais de influência positiva no espaço para a criatividade em organizações inovativas sugerindo vários temas para futuras pesquisas.
The purpose of this study is to identify the relationship between organizational characteristics and the space for creativity in innovative organizations with aims at contributing to rising discussions on the integration between people management strategies and innovation. Organizational characteristics were structured according to different models developed by different authors, to include organizational structure, philosophy and values and policies and human resources. Also based on the contribution made by different authors, it addresses the encouragement to creativity, workplace, and organizational resources and hindering factors. The exploratory-descriptive research employed a qualitative-quantitative approach, and is presented in six chapters. It was performed in four medium-and-large size companies, most of which are located in the Metropolitan Region of Curitiba, of the State of Paraná (Brazil), from different sectors and at varying technological stages, chosen for their history of innovations in place and innovative activities. Sampling comprised 12 managers from the Human Resources and Technology areas, and 338 employees from the technical and administrative areas. Indexes from the Alfha of Cronbach tool were 0.912, for 66 items. The relationship between variables was verified by the Canonic Correlation multivariate method, using Statgraphics Plus software, version 5.1 and R 2.6.0. Analyses were performed by the first canonic pair with a 0.926 correlation and 0.857 canonic R2 between major variables, thus confirming their high interrelationship. Sub-variable correlations between both philosophy and values (0.880 and 0.774 canonic R2) and policies and human resources (0.879 and 0.773 canonic R2) were high, and organizational structure, under the traditional concept of work organization (0.495 and 0.246 canonic R2) was low. Major findings integrate innovation management and people management to the organizational strategy with the objective of yielding results from any form of innovation. In those innovative organizations the space for creativity is interspersed with practices that value people and the results they achieve, and how clearly the organizational strategy is perceived by all employees. Practices that are coherent with those values and more flexible structures further addressing group work are factors that encourage creativity in innovative organizations. Most evident human resource policies and systems (that foster space for creativity) are those which lead to the development of people in the organization. Practices that are conducive for the employee to feel supported in their creative abilities are mainly related to constructive feedback they are given, which strengthens the cycle of confidence; to the assessment of performance associated to professional development; and to incentives offered for collectively-attained results. Findings from this exploratory study observed positive-influence organizational characteristics in the space for creativity of innovative organizations, suggesting there is a wide range of themes for future study.

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Musvibe, Ray. "COIN : a customisable, incentive driven video on demand framework for low-cost IPTV services". Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006650.

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There has been a significant rise in the provision of television and video services over IP (IPTV) in recent years. Increasing network capacity and falling bandwidth costs have made it both technically and economically feasible for service providers to deliver IPTV services. Several telecommunications (telco) operators worldwide are rolling out IPTV solutions and view IPTV as a major service differentiator and alternative revenue source. The main challenge that IPTV providers currently face, however, is the increasingly congested television service provider market, which also includes Internet Television. IPTV solutions therefore need strong service differentiators to succeed. IPTV solutions can doubtlessly sell much faster if they are more affordable or low-cost. Advertising has already been used in many service sectors to help lower service costs, including traditional broadcast television. This thesis therefore explores the role that advertising can play in helping to lower the cost of IPTV services and to incentivise IPTV billing. Another approach that IPTV providers can use to help sell their product is by addressing the growing need for control by today's multimedia users. This thesis will therefore explore the varied approaches that can be used to achieve viewer focused IPTV implementations. To further lower the cost of IPTV services, telcos can also turn to low-cost, open source platforms for service delivery. The adoption of low-cost infrastructure by telcos can lead to reduced Capital Expenditure (CAPEX), which in turn can lead to lower service fees, and ultimately to higher subscriptions and revenue. Therefore, in this thesis, the author proposes a CustOmisable, INcentive (COIN) driven Video on Demand (VoD) framework to be developed and deployed using the Mobicents Communication Platform, an open source service creation and execution platform. The COIN framework aims to provide a viewer focused, economically competitive service that combines the potential cost savings of using free and open source software (FOSS), with an innovative, incentive-driven billing approach. This project will also aim to evaluate whether the Mobicents Platform is a suitable service creation and execution platform for the proposed framework. Additionally, the proposed implementation aims to be interoperable with other IPTV implementations, hence shall follow current IPTV standardisation architectures and trends. The service testbed and its implementation are described in detail and only free and open source software is used; this is to enable its easy duplication and extension for future research.
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Vilela, João Rocha [UNESP]. "Histerossonografia em mulheres inférteis candidatas às ténicas de reprodução assistida". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/99215.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-08-16Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:20:20Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 vilela_jr_me_botfm.pdf: 328339 bytes, checksum: 3e8e5de0c2b9a25e5e58101a7e887aff (MD5)
Fundação de Ensino e Pesquisa em Ciências da Saúde (FEPECS)
A histerossonografia (HSN) foi descrita pela primeira vez há três décadas. A infusão de solução salina na cavidade uterina favorece sua exploração e proporciona excelente visualização da anatomia e do interior da cavidade do útero melhor do que com ultrassonografia transvaginal convencional (USG). Para verificar o papel atual da HSN na avaliação da cavidade uterina de mulheres com sangramento uterino anormal (SUA) e assintomática, foi realizado revisão bibliográfica de estudos que compararam a HSN com a USG ou histeroscopia diagnóstica ambulatorial (HTDx). Para isso, pesquisou-se estudos relevantes em bases de dados eletrônicas Medline/PubMed, SciELO/LILACS. A HSN é procedimento ambulatorial, “não invasivo”, de melhor custo-benefício, com melhor sensibilidade e especificidade na identificação de anomalias uterinas, causando desconforto mínimo e com baixo índice de complicações. Foi objeto de revisões, não existindo mais dúvidas quanto a sua acurácia. Pode-se concluir que a HSN é ferramenta útil na propedêutica de avaliação da cavidade uterina de mulheres sintomáticas com SUA, infertilidade e perdas gestacionais repetidas, falhas de implantação embrionária em programas com técnicas de reprodução assistida (TRA) / fertilização in vitro (FIV) e naquelas com qualquer alteração uterina intra ou extracavitária na USG. Portanto, está indicada como método de avaliação inicial da cavidade uterina antes de indicar HTDx
Sonohysterography (HSN) was firstly described three decades ago. The saline solution infusion into the uterine cavity favors its use and provides excellent visualization of the anatomy and the inner cavity of the uterus better than the conventional transvaginal sonography (USG). To check the current role of HSN in the uterine cavity assessment in women with abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) and asymptomatic, a literature review comparing HSN with USG and/or ambulatory diagnostic hysteroscopy (HTDx) was carried out. To this end, relevant studies were researched in electronic databases Medline/PubMed, SciELO/LILACS. The HSN is an ambulatory procedure, non-invasive, better cost-benefit, better sensitivity and specificity to identify uterine abnormalities, causing minimal discomfort and low complications rate. It was subject to revision which there is no more doubt about its accuracy. It can be concluded that the HSN is a useful tool in the propedeutics to assess uterine cavity of symptomatic patients with SUA, infertility, recurrent miscarriages, and embryonic implantation failures in assisted reproduction treatment (ART) / in vitro fertilization (FIV) and in any other intra and extra uterine cavity alteration. Hence, USG is indicated as an initial method of assessment of the uterine cavity previously to HTDx

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Koster, David. "An evaluation of information technology resources and capabilities that influences the customer service process using resource based view theory". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6411.

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Burgess, Stephen Keith 1958. "Business-to-consumer interactions on the Internet : a model for small businesses". Monash University, School of Information Management and Systems, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/8027.

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Omari, Maryam. "The ideal homeworkers: An investigation of personal & job characteristic requirements for successful home based work". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1543.

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Global competition, societal changes and other environmental influences have forced organisations to review existing work arrangements. Flexible work practices have been identified as one mechanism for the alignment of organisational and individual goals. Homebased work or telecommuting, which involves working at a remote site, is an example of such a practice. Working from home can have advantages for the organisation in terms of savings in infrastructure costs. Individual employees would also potentially benefit through reduced costs associated with work (e.g. travel and food), and the ability to better manage their work and home life. However, since 25 years ago when home based work was starting to be recognised as a viable work option, projections for homebased work have not come to fruition. Much of this is attributed to conservative organisational cultures, specifically managerial resistance towards work at home. The relatively small amount of research on homebased work has to some extent perpetuated management uncertainty in Australia and overseas. This study aimed to examine the attributes needed by homebased workers, that is, the personal and job characteristics that could make the arrangement successful in both individual and organisational terms. This knowledge would lessen management uncertainty in relation to the types of jobs and employees who could be deemed suitable to engage in this new work practice. The study was exploratory in nature. Information was collected from human resource managers at 472 organisations in Australia. This was followed by semi-structured interviews with 21 homeworkers. Based on the literature, and information collected through the first two phases of the study, a questionnaire was designed to collect more specific information from homeworkers, and clarify points of interest. All up 42 responses were received from this phase of the study. This study was cross-sectional in nature, however, the three-phased approach allowed for cross validation of results, and was therefore very valuable in detecting trends. Findings from this research indicated that personal characteristics, such as demography, competencies, and the psychological profile of the homeworker, do contribute to the benefits gained from the program. Job characteristics, in terms of occupation and the design of the job to be performed at home, also contribute to success. Although, the main focus of this study was on personal and job characteristics deemed suitable for homebased work, it was also found that the home and work environment of the homeworker are major success factors. It can therefore be surmised that benefits from a homebased work program can be enhanced by selecting for appropriate employees and jobs, and devising policies that account for the home and work environment of the homeworker.

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Day, Jason A. "Investigating learning with web lectures". Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22627.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Computing, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Foley, James; Committee Member: Abowd, Gregory; Committee Member: Anderson, Richard; Committee Member: Catrambone, Richard; Committee Member: Guzdial, Mark.

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Petratos, Anastasia. "An ICT strategy to support a patient-centred approach to diabetes care". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/14466.

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Factors such as poverty, ethnicity, socio-economic status, poor infrastructure and governance, etc., are some of the reasons that effective and proven prevention and treatment interventions for most of the major causes of mortality and morbidity in the developing world continue to fail. Chronic diseases require complex interventions that these countries simply cannot maintain. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic disease that is on the rise worldwide. This disease is a lifestyle disease, which means, that it is brought on by poor health habits. Statistics show that 285 million (6.4%) people aged between 20 and 79 years will be affected by Diabetes in 2010 and a staggering 439 million (7.7%) by 2030. This is a projected growth of 69% in developing countries and 20% in developed countries. The findings from studies conducted from 1993 to 2003 in Sub-Saharan Africa, particularly in South Africa, around the health care services for diabetes highlights many challenges. Sadly, the challenges 10 years after that study, are very similar. The conditions of people with Diabetes can be improved through regular monitoring of patients, improvement and monitoring of health care provided, education on healthy lifestyle, as well as education on the importance of adherence to treatment plans for the successful management of the condition. The diabetes endemic in South Africa is exacerbated by the manual functions that are performed in all aspects of monitoring and management of the disease. With the advancements that have been made in ICT and the many apps that already exist for healthcare, it is sensible to state that ICT can assist in the monitoring and management of diabetes. Another factor that is considered is that of patient-centred care. The huge number of people who need acute care and treatment in hospitals and clinics have forced a previously caring environment, to turn into a cold, almost production line affair. The sick wait in long queues and are ushered in and out of the consulting rooms as fast as possible without even as much as a “hallo”. This has left a void in the healthcare delivery to South Africans which should never have been removed in the first place, namely patient-centred care. This means that the patient is at the centre of the treatment and fully involved in the decisions about his/her health. Every patient deserves to be recognised as a human-being and treated with dignity and respect. Treatment plans for long term chronic care patients such as diabetics, should be thoroughly discussed with the patient and they should believe and comit themselves to the treatment plan. These plans are life-long and require dedication and as it is vital that patients are part of decision making and understand fully what they are expected to do. Bearing this in mind, this study has investigated the needs and care plans for people with diabetes. Specialist in the field of diabetes were interviewed and recognised care plans for diabetes such as those from WHO, IDF and SEMSDA were studied. This study also established, that by practising a patient-centred approach the adherence to a treatment plan is likely to be higher. The strategy developed involves the person with diabetes, the healthcare worker and the support structure in the care plan of the diabetic. The use of ICT as part of the solution must consider the patient-centred requirements for using IT so that the people using the strategy are comfortable and not intimidated by the technology. The need to incorporate e-health into governments’ healthcare plans has been growing over the last decade. The GSMA conducted research into mobile health opportunities in South Africa and found that SA now has a penetration of 98% and that this is the ideal medium to address the inaccessibility and inequality of healthcare in SA. The causes identified as playing a major role in the rise in diabetes were identified and it was determined that through the implementation of an ICT strategy for diabetes care, many of these can be addressed. These include the use of technology for, improved monitoring and management, increased diabetes awareness and education, and promotion of healthy lifestyle. The study focuses on the self-management aspect of diabetes and produces a strategy that incorporates various ICT solutions that would assist in the daily aspects of diabetes care, as well as follow a patient-centred approach to diabetes care. This strategy developed in this study does not need any intervention from government as it is driven by the people who have diabetes and their healthcare workers, with the aid of the technology that they currently have on hand.

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Ganzevoort, Boto Wybrand. "Leveraging connectivity to innovate for a differentiated customer experience : a study into the management of interaction between financial services organisations and their external environment to enhance the innovation process for the delivery of a differentiated customer experience". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/50008.

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Thesis (MComm)--Stellenbosch University, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The high degree of extant commoditisation of organizations and their value propositions in the financial services industry has necessitated organizations in the industry to seek differentiation from the competition. Innovation has generally been accepted as a way for organizations to create differentiation by adding value to the organization. Until recently the focus of innovation activities has been limited to the product or the service of the organization. Recent emphasis has however shifted the innovation mandate to more holistically consider the total experience the customer has when interacting with the organization. This study concerns itself with the organizational activities required to innovate the customer experience. The main argumentation adopted by the thesis suggests that organizations need to constantly leverage their connectivity, forward and backward in value systems, across organizational boundaries to enhance the customer experience innovatively. Leveraging the organization's connectivity creates advantages for both radical and incremental innovation management to thereby improve and sustain the organization's profitability. The study commences by critically analysing the total customer expenence and then describing how the customer experience can create differentiation for the organization. The second part of the study scrutinises innovation literature to gain an understanding of how and where organizations can benefit in the management of innovation. The third part of the study reveals multi-channel management as a method that can be utilised to deliver the customer experience innovatively and benefit the organization in the continuous innovation of the customer experience. The study culminates in a preliminary model that conceptualises the leveraging of connectivity in the innovation process necessary within the organization for the innovation of a differentiated customer experience. Limitations of the study are described, and recommendations are made for both further research and the application of the study to the business environment.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Ondernemings in die finansiële dienste industrie ondervind huidiglik dat hul waardeproposisies relatief maklik in kommoditeite verander. Dit noodsaak ondernemings in hierdie industrie tot toenemende innoverende differensiasie om daardeur 'n voorsprong op konkurrente in die mark te verkry. Innovasie word algemeen aanvaar as die manier waarop organisasies waarde kan toevoeg om sodoende differensiasie te bewerkstellig. Tot onlangs was die fokus van innovasie-aktiwiteite beperk tot die produk of diens van 'n onderneming. Die moderne tendens is dat die klem in die innovasiemandaat verskuif om die totale ervaring in die interaksieproses tussen onderneming en kliënt holisties te benader. Hierdie studie konsentreer op die organisatoriese aktiwiteite wat benodig word in die innoveering van die kliënt se ervaring. Die hoof argument wat deur die tesis aanvaar word, beklemtoon dat ondernemings deurlopend hul konnektiwiteit voor- en terugwaarts in die waardesisteem, moet hefboom oor organisatoriese grense heen, om daardeur die innovasieproses van die kliënte-ervaring te bevorder. Om die onderneming se konnektiwiteit op hierdie wyse te hefboom, skep voordele vir beide radikale en inkrementele innovasie bestuur waardeur die onderneming se winsgewendheid volgehou en verbeter kan word. In die aanvang van die studie word gepoog om die totale verbruikerservaring krities te analiseer; daarna word uiteengesit hoe die kliënte-ervaring vir die onderneming differensiasie kan skep. Die tweede deel van die studie ondersoek literatuur wat betrekking het op innovasie om daardeur te verstaan hoe en waar ondernemings voordeel kan trek uit die bestuur van innovasie. Die derde deel van die studie stel multikanaal-bestuur voor as 'n metode om die beoogde kliënte-ervaring te weeg te bring, maar ook as 'n manier om die onderneming te bevoordeel in die deurlopende innovasie van die verbuiker se ervaring. Die studie resulteer in 'n voorlopige model wat die hefboom van konnektiwiteit in die innovasie proses vir 'n gedifferensieerde kliënte-ervaring konseptualiseer. Ten slotte word die beperkings van die studie omskryf en aanbevelings word gemaak vir beide navorsingsdoeleindes, en die toepassing van die studie tot die praktiese sakeomgewing.

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39

Kubheka, Noxolo Siphelele Pumla. "How to leverage information to improve business performance in a financial services company". Thesis, Link to the online version, 2007. https://etd.sun.ac.za/jspui/handle/10019/1081.

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Grünloh, Christiane. "To Share or Not to Share? : Expectations of and Experiences with eHealth Services that Allow Users Access to their Health Information". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Medieteknik och interaktionsdesign, MID, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-185803.

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This thesis investigates expectations of and experiences with eHealth services that allow users access to their health information. Although eHealth services are endorsed by many politicians and patients, they are met with strong resistance by health care professionals. Lacking this support hinders the uptake of the full potential of the service, especially with relation to patient participation and empowerment. This research investigates the frames of reference that are constructed by stakeholders in relation to eHealth services, such as direct-to-consumer genetic testing and electronic health records. The results are based on empirical data gathered during an experiment with media informatics students in Germany, and from interviews with physicians in Uppsala, Sweden. The eHealth services in question were framed by the participants of the conducted studies as potentially harmful for its users. The negative expectations were based mainly on a generalized view of patients as not sufficiently knowledgable and hence unable to understand the health information provided by the service. The participants in the reported studies (physicians and students in their role as designers) felt a responsibility to prevent any potential harm for the users of the eHealth service. Due to the framing based on assumed negative consequences for a supposedly vulnerable user group, the participants preferred to advocate against access rather than for patient empowerment and participation. Accessing health information was associated as holding little value for the users. This research enhances the understanding of the elements underlying this skepticism and concern. It shows that a specific view of patients and/or prospective users of an eHealth system can result in incongruent technological frames and value attribution. In line with participatory and value-sensitive design approaches as well as the aim to increase technology acceptance, patients and health care professionals should not only be included in the design process but also engage in joint activities in order to enable reframing.
Avhandlingen undersöker förväntningar på och erfarenheter av e-hälsotjänster som ger användare tillgång till sin egen hälsoinformation. Även om e-hälsotjänster har fått stöd av många politiker och patienter har de mötts av starkt motstånd från sjukvårdspersonal. Utan deras stöd blir det svårt att realisera tjänstens fulla potential, särskilt när det gäller patientens delaktighet och egenmakt.Forskningen undersöker de referensramar som konstrueras av intressenter för att förstå e-hälsotjänster, till exempel genetisk testning direkt till konsument och elektroniska patientjournaler. Resultaten baseras dels på empiriska data som samlats in i ett experiment med studenter i Tyskland, dels på intervjuer med läkare i Uppsala.De undersökta e-hälsotjänsterna upplevdes (were framed) av studiernas deltagare som potentiellt skadliga för användarna. De negativa förväntningarna baserades huvudsakligen på en allmän syn på patienter som inte tillräckligt kunniga och därmed oförmögna att förstå tjänstens hälsoinformation. Deltagarna i de rapporterade studierna (läkare och studenter i rollen som formgivare) kände ansvar för att förhindra eventuella skador för e-hälsotjänstens användare. Beroende på de förväntat negativa följderna för de förmodat utsatta patientgrupperna föredrog undersökningens deltagare att ta ställning emot patienternas åtkomst snarare än att ta ställning för deras deltagande och ökade egenmakt. Att ha tillgång till hälsoinformation bedömdes vara av lågt värde för användarna.Forskningen ökar förståelsen av de element som ligger till grund för deltagarnas upplevda skepsis och oro. Den visar att en specifik bild av patienter och/eller framtida användare av ett e-hälsosystemet kan leda till inkongruenta tekniska referensramar och värdebedömningar. I linje med inriktningarna deltagande design och värdebaserade design samt målet att öka teknisk acceptans, bör patienter och hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal inte bara ingå i designprocessen, utan också delta i gemensamma aktiviteter för att möjliggöra omtolkningar av sina tekniska referens- ramar.

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Savarese, Josephine. "The gifts of the chip? : the regulation of occupational health and safety in the post-industrial age". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=30324.

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In the face of the extensive changes resulting from the Post-Industrial Age, many are questioning "the gifts of the chip," or, more specifically, the ability of computer technologies to deliver the comfort predicted. The objective of this thesis is to examine the law's response to computer technology concerning occupational health and safety. This inquiry is necessary due to the dramatic changes that have occurred in the workforce, altering the profile of workplace health.
The thesis begins with a reference to The Gift of Stones, a fictional account of the difficulties that stone workers experienced when the Bronze Age arrived. Modern labourers face parallel struggles due to the arrival of the Post-Industrial Age characterized by technological innovation and restructuring. The legitimacy and effectiveness of occupational health and safety law is challenged by changes to social institutions and by computer related work injuries.
In many jurisdictions, the state has responded to these changes by enacting ergonomic standards that seek to minimize the harmful effects of computer use. The thesis examines the trend towards ergonomic standards with particular focus on Canadian initiatives. In conclusion, it argues that ergonomic regulations are an important means of promoting safer computer practices. Additionally, ergonomic standards provide a mechanism for continued state regulation of occupational health and safety. The challenge for rule makers is ensuring that the standards are a component of comprehensive legal reforms.

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Ryan, John. "A uses and gratifications study of the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO : talking with "Dinos"". Virtual Press, 1995. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/958777.

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One approach to studying media is uses and gratifications, a model that suggests media audiences can explain why and for what purpose they use the media. This study took a Uses and Gratifications approach to the Internet social interaction site LambdaMOO. On LambdaMOO, users log on and create an alternate persona to interact with other users. Using a set of questions, 222 selected LambdaMOO users were asked about why they use LambdaMOO, their actions as an alternate persona and their opinions on LambdaMOO. Answers from the subjects were content analyzed to find commonality against several preselected categories and sub-categories. Upon analysis, the subjects were found to use LambdaMOO for talking to other users, "building" up the site through programming and surveying the current events and political movements on the site. Also, the subjects were determined not to act different from their real life actions and preceived attitudes, although the opportunity for freedom through anonymity was everpresent.
Department of Journalism

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El-Gohary, Mahmoud Ahmed. "Joint Angle Tracking with Inertial Sensors". PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/661.

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The need to characterize normal and pathological human movement has consistently driven researchers to develop new tracking devices and to improve movement analysis systems. Movement has traditionally been captured by either optical, magnetic, mechanical, structured light, or acoustic systems. All of these systems have inherent limitations. Optical systems are costly, require fixed cameras in a controlled environment, and suffer from problems of occlusion. Similarly, acoustic and structured light systems suffer from the occlusion problem. Magnetic and radio frequency systems suffer from electromagnetic disturbances, noise and multipath problems. Mechanical systems have physical constraints that limit the natural body movement. Recently, the availability of low-cost wearable inertial sensors containing accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers has provided an alternative means to overcome the limitations of other motion capture systems. Inertial sensors can be used to track human movement in and outside of a laboratory, cannot be occluded, and are low cost. To calculate changes in orientation, researchers often integrate the angular velocity. However, a relatively small error or drift in the measured angular velocity leads to large integration errors. This restricts the time of accurate measurement and tracking to a few seconds. To compensate that drift, complementary data from accelerometers and magnetometers are normally integrated in tracking systems that utilize the Kalman filter (KF) or the extended Kalman filter (EKF) to fuse the nonlinear inertial data. Orientation estimates are only accurate for brief moments when the body is not moving and acceleration is only due to gravity. Moreover, success of using magnetometers to compensate drift about the vertical axis is limited by magnetic field disturbance. We combine kinematic models designed for control of robotic arms with state space methods to estimate angles of the human shoulder and elbow using two wireless wearable inertial measurement units. The same method can be used to track movement of other joints using a minimal sensor configuration with one sensor on each segment. Each limb is modeled as one kinematic chain. Velocity and acceleration are recursively tracked and propagated from one limb segment to another using Newton-Euler equations implemented in state space form. To mitigate the effect of sensor drift on the tracking accuracy, our system incorporates natural physical constraints on the range of motion for each joint, models gyroscope and accelerometer random drift, and uses zero-velocity updates. The combined effect of imposing physical constraints on state estimates and modeling the sensor random drift results in superior joint angles estimates. The tracker utilizes the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) which is an improvement to the EKF. This removes the need for linearization of the system equations which introduces tracking errors. We validate the performance of the inertial tracking system over long durations of slow, normal, and fast movements. Joint angles obtained from our inertial tracker are compared to those obtained from an optical tracking system and a high-precision industrial robot arm. Results show an excellent agreement between joint angles estimated by the inertial tracker and those obtained from the two reference systems.

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Olsson, Sofia. "Framtid eller kraschlandning? : En kvalitativ studie av flygledning på distans". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-156388.

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Air traffic control and how it is organized is about to change. In Sweden, the Air Traffic Navigation Services (Luftfartsverket) together with SAAB have developed an alternative to traditional air traffic control; Remote Tower Services (RTS). RTS means that a digital tower with multiple cameras is placed at the airport instead of a traditional air traffic control tower. The air traffic controllers control the traffic via a Remote Tower Center (RTC), often situated several miles from the airport. 2015, as the first country in the world, the Air Traffic Navigation Services together with SAAB launched RTS in Sweden at Örnsköldsviks airport which operates from a RTC in Sundsvall. In the forthcoming years RTS is about to be implemented at four Swedish airports. Using Everett Rogers theory of diffusion and theories of public-private partnership this paper examines RTS as an innovation. The study is based on qualitative interviews with representatives from the Air Traffic Navigation Services, Swedavia and Swedish Pilot Association.The study shows that RTS as an innovation can be seen as a consequence of the deregulation of the air traffic control market in 2010 whereas digitalization is another contributing factor. The study also shows that the implementation of RTS can be seen as unilateral. There have been deliberative elements with municipalities and other actors but some of these elements have been symbolic.

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Azogu, Olajumoke Oluwaseye. "The Acceptance and Use of Cloud Computing Services by Small and Medium Enterprises in Lagos, Nigeria". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2017. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc984117/.

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This study explored the acceptance of cloud computing (CC) services by small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Lagos, Nigeria, which has been missing from CC services literature. It aimed to understand the motivations for adoption, the uses of the services, and the benefits they derive from it. The uses and gratification theory was applied as the theoretic framework for this endeavor. An online survey with close-ended and open-ended questions was distributed to 1200 randomly selected participants through email. In total, 392 valid responses were collected and analyzed using descriptive statistics and categories. The results found that SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria had a low level of awareness and appreciation of CC services. The adoption rate was also low. Unlike their counterparts in other regions, SMEs primary concerns were service downtime, stable power supply, and better internet access. The study found that SMEs were not taking full advantage of the capabilities of CC services. Some sections, however, were doing better than others, such as the information and communications sub-sector. This study suggested that targeted interventions should be conducted to raise the awareness of CC services in SMEs, and to improve their efficient and effective use of CC services. The uses and gratification theory was appropriate for guiding this study to understand the acceptance and use of CC services by SMEs in Lagos, Nigeria.

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Nguyen, Austina Nga. "Designing, Manufacturing, and Predicting Deformation of a Formable Crust Matrix". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5016.

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Digital Clay represents a new type of 3-D human-computer interface device that enables tactile and haptic interactions. The Digital Clay kinematics structure is computer controlled and can be commanded to acquire a wide variety of desired shapes (shape display), or be deformed by the user in a manner similar to that of real clay (shape editing). The design of the structure went through various modifications where we finally settled on a crust matrix of spherical joint unit cells. After designing the kinematics structure, the next step is predicting the deformation of the crust matrix based upon a handful of inputs. One possible solution for predicting the shape outcome is considering minimizing the potential energy of the system. In this thesis two methods will be introduced. The first method will be an abstract model of the crust where the energy is calculated from a simplified model with one type of angular springs. The second method is the actual manufacturable crust model with two types of angular springs. From the implementation of these two methods, the output will be center-points of the unit cells. From the center-points, one can also calculate the joint angles within each unit cell.

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Querbes-Revier, Adrien. "Émergence et évolution de l’industrie des services numériques pour téléphones mobiles". Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012BOR40001/document.

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L'industrie des télécommunications connait une profonde évolution. Face au développement denouveaux usages sur les téléphones mobiles, les acteurs historiques de la téléphonie mobile(opérateurs de réseaux et fabricants de terminaux) doivent s'adapter à un nouvel environnementtechnologique et concurrentiel. Concrètement, ce nouvel environnement s'appuie technologiquementsur l'extension des usages d'objets numériques (logiciels et contenus pouvant être professionnels,personnels ou de loisir), il sert donc de tremplin pour des acteurs plus ou moins matures venant desindustries logicielles, culturelles et de l'Internet. Partant de ce constat, notre thèse repose sur l'idée queles acteurs historiques de la téléphonie mobile doivent s'adapter à ce nouvel environnement afin demaintenir leur position, ainsi qu'apprendre à se coordonner avec les nouveaux entrants de l’industrie,car la coordination est nécessaire à l'émergence du marché des services mobiles. Nous commençonsdonc par faire une analyse historique de l’émergence de l’industrie des services mobiles afin depositionner les enjeux de la coordination. Ensuite, nous étudions des projets « open source » desystèmes d’exploitation pour smartphones pour analyser l’intérêt d’une stratégie ouverte. Enfin, nousconstruisons un modèle de simulations évolutionnistes afin d’analyser les stratégies des acteurs en lienavec la structure de l’industrie et son effet sur la structure technologique
The telecommunications industry currently undergoes a dramatic evolution. Faced with thedevelopment of new uses on mobile phones, incumbents of the mobile phone industry (networkoperators and devices manufacturers) must adapt to a new technological and competitive environment.This new environment technologically relies on expansions of uses of digital objects (software andcontents that can be either of professional, personal or leisure use) and thereby serves as a launchingpad for actors more or less mature coming from software industries, copyright-based industries or theInternet industry. Based on this observation, our thesis rests on the idea that incumbents of the mobilephone industry must adapt to this new environment in order to maintain their position, and must learnto coordinate with those new actors as coordination is required for this market to emerge. We thereforestart with a historical analysis of the emergence of the mobile services industry so as to position theissues at stake regarding coordination. We then focus on “open source” projects for smartphoneoperating systems in order to analyse the interest of an open strategy. Last, we design an evolutionistsimulation model so that to analyse the actors’ strategies linked with the structure of the industry andits effects on the technological structure

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Rasia, Isabel Cristina Rosa Barros. "Relação entre as forças internas e externas na inovação em serviço na atenção primária à saúde". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UCS, 2015. https://repositorio.ucs.br/handle/11338/1310.

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Esta Tese tem, como tema central, a inovação em serviço na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS) e, como objetivo, analisar a relação entre as forças internas e externas na inovação em serviço na APS de Pelotas, caracterizando a sua forma de organização e gestão, os processos estabelecidos para inovar, sua orientação em APS e as inovações geradas/produzidas nas dimensões: produto, processo, marketing e organizacional (Manual de Oslo, 2005). Cada dimensão foi analisada nas perspectivas:estrutura física, recursos humanos, equipamentos, medicamentos e materiais, acesso a exames complementares, gestão e atendimento ao usuário. Inovações em serviços de saúde têm como premissa, a melhoria da produtividade e eficiência, o aumento da qualidade e da capacidade de resposta, a redução das variabilidades na prática assistencial e a ampliação do acesso aos serviços de saúde. A APS compreende o primeiro nível de contato dos indivíduos, da família e da coletividade, com o sistema de saúde. O método de investigação teve um delineamento transversal, objetivo exploratório e, quanto à natureza de abordagem quantitativa e qualitativa. Realizou-se um estudo de casos com a aplicação de pesquisa empírica à população de gestores ligados ao sistema de saúde da APS da cidade com perguntas sobre a conformação do sistema de saúde, a inovação em serviços e sua orientação em APS de acordo com o Primary Care Assessment Tool, instrumento validado por Starfield (2001) e Brasil (2010). Os resultados quantitativos demonstram que as inovações em serviços eram, em maioria da tipologia produto (98%), processo (90%), e organizacional (88%) e em menor proporção a de marketing (32%). Em todas as dimensões, as perspectivas com mais inovações estavam ligadas à gestão, atendimento ao usuário e recursos humanos. Em relação ao desfecho “Orientação em APS”, a média geral de 6,91 (dp = 1,12) demonstrou que as UBS do município estão orientadas em APS.Contudo, quando se estratifica por modelo de atenção, as UBS que trabalham com a Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) estão orientadas com escore de 7,51 (dp = 0,71), enquanto que as Tradicionais obtiveram uma média de 5,91 (dp = 0,95), consideradas não orientadas em APS (p = 0,000). Quanto à associação das inovações e à orientação em APS, constatou-se na análise bruta por Regressão de Poisson, pertencer ao modelo de atenção às variáveis ESF, ter planejamento de ações e organização formal das atividades, as quais estiveram significativamente associadas à orientação em APS.No entanto, na análise ajustada, apenas a variável modelo de atenção permaneceu associada ao desfecho (2,86; IC 95% 2,18 – 6,91). A análise qualitativa identificou que o município atua sob o modelo de gestão plena do Sistema Municipal de Saúde e os processos de inovação em serviço são alavancados através do Governo Federal, sendo os programas e projetos lançados a nível nacional, com a adesão da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS), desenvolvidos com a participação efetiva das equipes de saúde das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS), através do planejamento e da formalização, amparadas pela comunidade adscrita, Universidades, Conselho Municipal de Saúde (CMS) e Conselho Local de Saúde (CLS).
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This thesis focuses on the innovation in services at Health Primary Attention (HPA) andaims at analyzing the relationship between internal and external forces in the innovation in services at HPA in Pelotas, describing its organization and management ways, the procedures established for innovating, its guidance on the HPA, and the innovation generated/produced on the following dimensions: product, process, marketing, and organizational area (Manual de Oslo, 2005). Each dimension was analyzed under perspectives as follows: physical structure, human resources, appliances, medicines and materials, access to complementary examinations, management, and user service. Innovation on health services assumption is the improvement of production and efficiency, the increase on quality and responsiveness, the reduction on variation in care practice, and the increase of access to health services. The HPA includes the individual’s, family, and collectivity first level of contact with the health system. Research was performed through a cross-sectional, objective, exploiting method under a quantitative, qualitative nature of approach. A case study was conducted by the application of an empirical research to the population of managers linked to the health system of the local HPA asking about the health system forming, innovation in services, and its guidance on the HPA according to the Primary Care Assessment Tool, a tool validated by Starfield (2001) and (2010).Quantitative results show that the innovation in services were, as to their typology, mostly: product (98%), process (90%), and organizational (88%), and fewest in marketing (32%). In all dimensions, the perspectives presenting more innovations were connected to management, user care, and human resources. Regarding to “HPA orientation” outcome, the general average 6.91 (SD = 1,12) indicated that the local “UBS” are arranged in HPA. However, when stratified according to the attention model, the “UBS” working with the Family Health Strategy (FHS) scored 7.51 (SD = 0.71),while Traditional ones averaged 5.91 (dp = 0.95), considered as not guided in HPA (p = 0,000). As to the association of innovations and orientation in HPA it was seen under the gross analysis by Poisson Regression that they belong to the model that pays attention to FHS variables, which were significantly related to the orientation in HPA. In the adjusted analysis, however, only the variable attention model remained related to the outcome (2.86; IC 95% 2.18 – 6.91). The qualitative analysis identified that the county performs the full management model of its Municipal Health System and the processes of innovation in services are leveraged by the Federal Government, being the programs and projects launched at national level, along with the Municipal Secretariat of Health, developed with the effective participation of health teams from the Basic Unit of Health (BUH), based on planning and formalization, supported by the assigned community, Universities, Municipal Council of Health (MCH), and the Local Council of Health (LCH).

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49

Makombe, Farai. "Developing a help-desk system for a multi-purpose ICT platform in a marginalised setting". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/315.

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Attempts to bridge the digital divide between urban and rural Information and Communications Technology (ICT) users have led to the deployment of ICT platforms in remote rural areas. This puts an increased demand for skilled support in rural ICT platforms to assist users in resolving technical problems that they face on a daily basis. A web based help desk system is developed and implemented to allow knowledge sharing and collaboration amongst users and experts as a way of ensuring the technical sustainability of the Siyakhula Living Lab, a remote rural based Information and Communications Technology (ICT4D) intervention. The research describes the use of Transactional and Innovation & Creative knowledge management strategies and their associated applications such as case-based reasoning (CBR) methods and collaborative knowledge approaches to develop a help desk support system for a geographically distributed multipurpose ICT centre in Dwesa, a rural remote area in the Eastern Cape Province, South Africa. The system implemented in this study has been validated for functional adequacy and usability within the Siyakhula Living Lab. The results of the evaluation are presented in this thesis to provide the initial validation of the effectiveness of the help desk system. Keywords: ICT4D, ICT, Case-Based Reasoning; Collaborative Knowledge, Technical Sustainability, Help Desk Systems, Siyakhula Living Lab Forums, Issue Tracking, Rural Users, South Africa

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50

Fraga, Gilberto Joaquim. "Estudo da relação entre comércio internacional, capital humano e crescimento econômico no Brasil no período de 1995 a 2006". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/11/11132/tde-02082011-103009/.

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Existe uma ampla literatura tratando dos efeitos da abertura comercial sobre a taxa de crescimento econômico e outra que trata dos efeitos do capital humano sobre esse crescimento. No entanto, é bastante limitada a literatura que ressalta a interligação da abertura comercial e do capital humano sobre o crescimento econômico. Os poucos trabalhos existentes nesse último grupo se concentram em análises considerando diferenças entre países. No entanto, o Brasil tem grandes dimensões e a análise dos fatores que explicam o crescimento do PIB de seus estados é de suma importância para os planejadores econômicos. Diante desse cenário, procura-se nesta tese quantificar e analisar os impactos de variações no capital humano dos indivíduos e da abertura comercial dos estados brasileiros sobre o crescimento econômico dos respectivos estados. O capital humano aqui é entendido como o número médio de anos de estudos da parcela da PEA ocupada em cada unidade da federação e a abertura comercial é definida como a proporção entre o volume de comércio internacional (exportações mais importações) em relação ao PIB dos respectivos estados. A análise compreende o período de 1995 a 2006 e os dados anuais estão organizados no formato de painel, para o grupo de 26 estados mais o Distrito Federal. A tese é regida pela hipótese de que tanto a abertura comercial quanto o nível do capital humano da população economicamente ativa empregada são relevantes para o crescimento econômico dos estados brasileiros, tanto pela transferência tecnológica via comércio internacional quanto pela eficiência do capital humano para assimilar as novas tecnologias. Para atingir o objetivo proposto, desenvolveu-se dois modelos teóricos para posterior aplicação: o modelo estendido de Solow e o modelo de crescimento econômico com progresso tecnológico endógeno. Os resultados indicam que tanto o modelo estendido de Solow quanto o modelo com progresso tecnológico endógeno permitem afirmar que aumentar o grau de abertura comercial afeta positivamente a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita com certa defasagem. Contudo, o efeito de curto prazo não é instantâneo, pois o impacto tem uma defasagem de dois anos. Estimou-se que um aumento no nível de abertura comercial de 1%, em média, aumenta a taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita, na ordem de 0,13 pontos percentuais (p.p.) quando estimado o modelo tradicional e 0,09 p.p. quando estimado o modelo com progresso tecnológico endógeno. Quanto ao impacto do capital humano, constata-se que para cada aumento de 1 ano no nível médio da escolaridade da força de trabalho haverá aumento em 0,06 p.p. na taxa de crescimento do PIB per capita quando estimado o modelo de Solow estendido e, de 0,07 p.p. através do modelo endógeno. A partir desses resultados, o trabalho sugere que se faz necessário não só aumentar o grau de abertura comercial, mas também é importante implementar políticas complementares de investimento contínuo em qualificação da força de trabalho.
There is a large literature addressing the effects of trade liberalization on economic growth rate and another that addresses the effects of human capital on growth. However, it is very limited literature that emphasizes the interconnection of trade openness and human capital on economic growth. The few studies available in the latter group are focused on analysis considering differences between countries. However, Brazil has large dimensions and analysis of the factors that explain the growth of GDP of its states is of great importance to economic planners. In this backdrop, this thesis seeks to quantify and analyze the impacts of variations in the human capital of individuals and the trade openness of the Brazilian states on rate of economic growth of the respective states. Human capital is understood here as the average number of years of schooling of the portion of the PEA employed in each state and trade openness is defined as the ratio between the amounts of international trade (exports plus imports) to GDP of the respective states. The analysis covers the period from 1995 thru 2006 and annual data are organized in the format of a panel for the group of 26 states plus the Federal District. The thesis is guided by the hypothesis that both trade openness and the level of human capital of the economically active population employed are relevant to the economic growth of the Brazilian states, either by technology transfer via international trade and the efficiency of human capital to assimilate new technologies. To achieve our objective, we developed two theoretical models for further application: extended Solow model of economic growth and economic growth model with endogenous technological progress. The results by dynamic panel data indicate that both the extended Solow model as the model with endogenous technological progress have revealed that increasing in the degree of trade openness positively affects the growth rate of GDP per capita with lag. However, the short-term effect is not instantaneous, because the impact has a lag of two years. It was estimated that an increase in the level of trade openness of 1%, on average, increases the rate of growth of GDP per capita around of 0,13 percentage points when estimated the extended Solow model and 0,09 percentage points when estimated the model with endogenous technological progress. The impact of human capital, we see that for every increase of 1 year in the average level of schooling of the workforce will increase by 0,06 percentage points in growth rate of GDP per capita when estimated through the extended Solow model and 0,07 percentage points through the endogenous model. From these results, this research suggests that it is necessary not only increase the degree of trade openness, but it is also important to implement complementary policies of continued investment in workforce skills.

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