Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Hormonothérapies de nouvelle génération"
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Nicola, Celeste. "Thérapies du cancer de nouvelle génération et fonctions cognitives : Nouveaux concepts, nouveaux mécanismes, biomarqueurs originaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMR050.
Texto completo da fonteAdvances in oncology have considerably improved the overall survival of cancer patients, thus understanding their toxicities and cerebral impacts is a major issue to maintain patients' quality of life (QoL). Certain cancer treatments can indeed lead to cognitive dysfunctions referred to as "cancer related cognitive impairment" (CRCI), which can impair Qol and compromise the autonomy of elderly patients. In this thesis work, we leverage preclinical models to decipher the direct impact of new-generation hormone therapies used in prostate cancer and of immunotherapies in the immune and inflammatory context linked to cancers, in the occurrence of cognitive, and/or emotional deficits as well as "fatigue". In a first study, we demonstrated the impact of the hormone therapies Enzalutamide and Abiraterone Acetate/Prednisone on exploration activity and spatial learning, in relation to brain altered dopaminergic transmission. In a second work, we showed that systemic inflammation, blood-brain barriers permeability accompanying meningeal infiltration of peripheral macrophages and neuroinflammation as well as deficits in cognition or emotional reactivity, depending on immuno-inflammatory or immune-desert cancer type. Combined with cancers, anti-PD-1 or -PD-L1 treatments exacerbate the decline in executive functions, while PD-L1 specifically relays the infiltration of a lymphocyte subpopulation in meninges implicated in cognitive deficits and anxiety. This work proposes new systemic biomarkers and original ways of intervention to improve the cancer patients QoL treated with new-generation therapies
Boue, Antoine. "Ιmpact cοgnitif des hοrmοnοthérapies du cancer de la prοstate : changements cοgnitifs οbjectifs et subjectifs cοnsécutifs à la déprivatiοn andrοgénique seule οu assοciée à une hοrmοnοthérapie de nοuvelle génératiοn". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC414.
Texto completo da fonteAndrogen deprivation is a standard-of-care option for advanced prostate cancer. New androgen receptor pathway inhibitors have been developed for patients with castration resistance. Among them, enzalutamide and abiraterone acetate are used for the treatment of metastatic prostate cancer in combination with androgen deprivation therapy. Androgen deprivation alone is known to impact cognition. Elderly patients, who represent the majority of prostate cancer patients, are at higher risk of cognitive impairment. In these patients, cognitive impairment can affect their autonomy and the course of care.This thesis aimed to evaluate the cognitive impact of hormone therapy for prostate cancer. A meta-analysis was conducted to identify the cognitive domains most affected by these treatments. It revealed a decline in subjective cognition (self-perceived cognition assessed with questionnaire) during androgen deprivation therapy alone or in combination with next-generation hormone therapy. In addition, a study was conducted with patients aged 70 and older, treated with enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate for metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Before treatment, these patients exhibited frequent cognitive impairment. The addition of enzalutamide or abiraterone acetate to androgen deprivation therapy impacted both objective (processing speed and attention, assessed with cognitive tests) and subjective cognition
Richard, Julien. "Développement d’accumulateur nouvelle génération Mg ion". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAI125/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis PhD thesis aims to develop Mg-Ion cathode materials. Once the electrolyte selected and the electrochemical characterization system established, two insertion materials families were studied: Chevrel phases and manganese dioxides.The Chevrel phases Mo6S8 and Mo6Se8 have been the subject of a coupled electrochemistry / XPS ex situ understanding study. The two phases were characterized by voltammetry, GITT and PITT showing diffusion coefficients ranging from 10-11 to 10-14 cm2.s-1. Unconventional redox mechanisms were observed by XPS studies indicating a charge transfer inside the anions in addition to the reduction of the transition metals. The comparison of the two materials Mo6S8 and Mo6Se8 indicates the sulfur is more involved in the charge transfer than the selenium.In the second part, two MnO2 promising structures have been selected and studied: hollandite and birnessite. We evidenced that electrolyte hydratation is needed to allow the insertion inside the different MnO2 structures. RMN 1H and XPS analyses revealed a co-insertion phenomenon involving Mg2+ cations and H2O molecules. However, these compounds exhibit a poor cyclability and irreversible capacities of 50% to 80%. This understanding work is a first step towards the design of new reversible insertion materials for Mg-Ion batteries
Vivès, Sébastien. "La nouvelle génération de coronographes solaires". Aix-Marseille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX11048.
Texto completo da fonteLacourcière, Roxanne. "Dissidence : pour une nouvelle génération de résistance". Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25326.
Texto completo da fonteIssindou, Valentin. "Matériaux magnétostrictifs de nouvelle génération pour l’énergie". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAT083/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn recent years, performances of multiferroïc materials have considerably improved with two-phase composites: magnetostrictive and piezoelectric. These composites take advantage of the coupling between magnetism and piezoelectricity through magnetostriction. Thus they allow control of magnetization with electrical voltage, and conversely, to get an electrical polarization depending on the magnetic field (our focus in this case). This drives electronics towards more environmental friendly solutions, namely with lower circuit power consumption (current controls are replaced by voltage controls) and the replacement of batteries, which must be periodically changed, by sustainable energy harvesting systems. Energy harvesting solutions are popular with the Internet of Things (IoT). Despite their performance, these multiferroïc composites remain perfectible, especially regarding the magnetostrictive phase. Its optimization is essential. The common material is Terfenol-D because of its giant magnetostriction, used in its massive and monocrystalline form. This material remains rare, expensive, fragile and its growing method is not adapted to the manufacturing of miniature devices. This work focuses on a comparative study of Terfenol-D miniature disk manufacturing pathways for the production of energy harvesters. A benchmark study was carried out on a series of disks cut in commercial alloy ingots (monocrystalline and polycrystalline). Next, the isotropic powder sintering method was investigated with very little background on this material. Conventional sintering led to the first functional disks needing no ulterior machining but with low density and mechanical strength. These defects were then corrected using the SPS technique (Spark Plasma Sintering) but the reproducibility over time has yet to be improved. The Terfenol-D disks (both cut and manufactured) were assembled with the piezoelectric phase (commercial PZT). Electrical characterizations using a contactless method have validated their potential to harvest energy, in lesser amounts than monocrystalline Terfenol-D as expected, but in a large enough quantity regarding most of applications. Finally, an alternative solution has been explored with NiMnGa shape magnetic alloys offering very large deformations. A perspective to a wireless autonomous push button prototype is presented at the very end
Maachaoui, Mohamed. "Sécurité et performances des réseaux de nouvelle génération". Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14266/1/Maachaoui.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteBecker, Pierre. "Développement d'une interaction nucléaire effective de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE1153/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe nucleus may seem well known, but its microscopic description still isn't perfect. Describing accurately the nuclei along the nuclear chart remain complicated.Nowadays, the effective interactions are the best choice to achieve such a goal, and can be sorted in two categories: finite-range and zero-range. Skyrme interaction, the main subject of this report, belongs to the latter. Used since the 50s because of its simplicity, it is an expansion of gradients up to the 2th order. However, an international collaboration, UNEDF, showed recently that this interaction was too limited to describe all the nuclear constraints given by experimental datas. The conclusion was the necessity of Skyrme interaction extensions.This thesis is describing the process from the design of the interaction to its use in nuclei and in fitting procedures.First, we review the requirements and the construction of a general nuclear interactions, and the main interactions used in nuclear structure, both finite and zero range.We then show the behaviour of these interactions in a perfect model: the infinite nuclear matter. This is considered a preliminary test for every interaction aiming to describe nuclei, and the performances of our interactions are discussed, along the performances of the other models.The last part of the thesis is the adaptation of our extension for calculations of nuclei. Furthermore, the fitting procedure of our extended Skyrme interaction on both infinite nuclear matter and nuclei quantities is detailed. A resulting parametrisation is presented at the end of the thesis, aiming to describe more accurately the nuclear chart and the additional physic provided by the new terms
Broussard, Elliot. "Commande innovante d’une nouvelle génération d’antenne satellite mobile". Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSEI090.
Texto completo da fonteIn military and civil application, satellite communications (SACTOM) are often needed on moving vehicles (drones, planes, land vehicles, vessels…) in order to transfer all kind of data (pictures, videos, internet …). These types of stations are called SATCOM On The Move (SOTM). In order insure high data rates, the antenna must be directional, which means that they direct electro-magnetic waves in a particular direction of space, called line of sight. The line of sight must be steered in order to be aligned with the satellite to insure a strong communication link with the highest data rate possible. Stabilized platforms, called Antenna Positioning System, aim to steer the antenna’s line of sight in the satellite direction. The pointing requirements are the source of conception constraints that reduce the cost efficiency of the overall station. This PhD report focus on the development and the study of a new pointing strategy called Helios (“Hybrid Estimator of LIne Of Sight”). This algorithm uses least squares to found the antenna pattern in real time, using an observation window. Among others, it allows to reduce the bandwidth of the control loops by generating a trajectory easier to follow. Therefore, it decreases the conception constraints (friction, backlash, field bus data rate …). Helios is tested through experimentation, using Thales industrial prototypes. The vehicle is emulated by a hexapod. Simulation is carried out in order to fit the measured experimental behavior. To do so, parametrical and non-parametrical identification has been done on the SOTM prototype. This way, Helios is validated and studied in operational conditions
Burner, Pauline. "Nouvelle génération de luminophores pour l'éclairage par LED". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI064/document.
Texto completo da fonteWhite solid state lighting is recognized as a major disruptive technology with an urgent need of low coast prices, associated to good color quality, confortable for eyes, by reducing the bluish harmful contribution of “cold” lighting. At Néel Institute, we develop a new type of phosphors based on yttrium aluminoborate powders. These innovating powders exhibit a large emission band on the whole visible range, arising from structural defects in the amorphous matrix. Thus, with a single phosphor, one can generate warm white lighting through the excitation of LEDs emitting in the near UV (370-390 nm). Moreover, these phosphors don’t possess lanthanides, making them less expensive.The powders synthesized by chimie douce routes, are annealed under controlled atmosphere. The yttrium alominoborate phosphors were first prepared by the polymercic precursor method. This synthesis road involved several steps and relatively high annealing temperatures (700-740°C). This thesis was focused on the sol-gel synthesis method. By this work, the duration process, the annealing temperature (450°C-650°C), and the global mass loss incoming from the organic precursors decomposition were significantly reduced.Thermal analysis (TDA-TG) coupled with mass spectrometry and 13C RNM show residual carbon groups in luminescent powders. Nevertheless, one part of the residual carbons is pyrolytic carbon (aromatic carbon), which leads to partial re-absorption of the visible emitted luminescence, and thus induces a decrease of the emission intensity.The structural characterizations of yttrium aluminoborate powders (XRD, FTIR, NMR) show that Al4B2O9 aluminoborate phase, is the first appearing crystalline phase during the increase of calcination temperature. The Pair Distribution Function (PDF) study demonstrates that amorphous aluminoborate matrix exhibit a short range ordering close to Al4B2O9 phase: a cyclic tridimensional organization of metal bridges by oxo or hydroxo ligands. On the other hand, based on 13C NMR results, yttrium seems to conserve propionate ligands in its coordination sphere until high temperature. Otherwise, the presence of radical species was evidenced in luminescent powders by electronic paramagnetic resonance. A set of measurements performed at different frequencies, in continuous and pulsed modes, allows attributing that species to carbon radicals. The presence of several luminescence species exhibiting essentially fluorescence properties (ns life time) and very weak phosphorescence emission (ms and s lifetime) was shown by the means of photoluminescence studies steady-state and time resolved coupled to thermoluminescence analysis. The powders synthesized by sol-method exhibit a 30 % internal quantum yield.Thanks to the different characterizations, luminescent powders synthesized by the sol-gel route seem to contain two types of residual carbons: one at the origin of the luminescence properties (carbon-related radicals) while the other, pyrolytic carbon, is damaging as it absorbs partially the luminescence emission. To conclude, we suggest an extrinsic mechanism for the photoluminescence, which is based on carbon centers dispersed inside the mineral matrix, favoring mainly fluorescence in blue (430 nm) and green emissions (500 nm) associated with a weak phosphorescence emission in the same emission range
Vidalis-Duvert, Sophie. "Mise en place d'un infraprover : nouvelle génération d'infraalyseur". Bordeaux 2, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991BOR2P109.
Texto completo da fonteShams, Bilal. "Les Codes LDPC non-binaires de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CERG0525/document.
Texto completo da fonteIn this thesis we present our work in the domain of non-binary decoding algorithm for general classes of non-binary LDPC codes. Low-Density Parity-Check (LDPC) codes were originally presented by Gallager in 1963, and after some fundamental theoretical advancements, they were considered in standards like DVB-S2, WI-MAX, DSL, W-LAN etc. Later on, non-binary LDPC (NB-LDPC)codes were proposed in the litterature, and showed better performance for small lengths or when used on non-binary channels. However, the advantages of using NB-LDPC codes comes with the consequence of an heavily increased decoding complexity. For a code defined in GF(q), the complexity is of the order O(q^2). Similarly, the memory required for storing messages is of order O(q). Consequently, the implementation of an LDPC-decoder defined over a field order q > 64 becomes practically impossible.The main objective of the thesis is to develop reduced complexity algorithms for non-binary LDPC codes that exhibit excellent performance and is practically im-plementable. For better decoding performance, not only the decoding algorithm is important, but also the structure of the code plays an important role. With this goal in mind, a new family of codes called cluster-NB-LDPC codes was developped and specific improvements of the NB decoder for cluster-NB-LDPC codes were proposed. Our principal result is that we were able to propose decoders for cluster-NB-LDPC codes with reduced complexity compared to usual decoders for NB-LDPC codes on fields, without any performance loss in error correction capability
Brehon, Yannick. "Conception et Ingénierie de Réseaux Nouvelle Génération Orientés Ethernet". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2007. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002564.
Texto completo da fonteKhawam, Kinda. "Ordonnancement opportuniste dans les réseaux mobiles de nouvelle génération". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002059.
Texto completo da fonteKhalili, Malika. "Nouvelle approche de génération multi-site des données climatiques". Mémoire, École de technologie supérieure, 2007. http://espace.etsmtl.ca/580/1/KHALILI_Malika.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteKhawam, Kinda. "L'ordonnancement opportuniste dans les réseaux mobiles de nouvelle génération". Paris, ENST, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENST0030.
Texto completo da fonteThe scarce resources in wireless systems compounded by their highly variable and error prone propagation characteristics stress the need for efficient resource management. Scheduling is a key tool to allocate efficiently the radio frequency spectrum. While fading effects have long been combated in wireless networks, primarily devoted to voice calls, they are now seen as an opportunity to increase the capacity of novel wireless networks that incorporate data traffic. For data applications, there is a service flexibility afforded by the delay tolerance of elastic traffic and by their ability to adapt their rate to the variable channel quality. Channel-aware scheduling exploit these characteristics by making use of channel state information to ensure that transmission occurs when radio conditions are most favourable. When users have heterogeneous characteristics and quality of service requirements, channel-aware scheduling becomes a challenging task. In this thesis, channel-aware transmission schemes for supporting downlink non-real time services are proposed and analyzed for novel cellular systems. The proposed schemes are designed for providing various QoS requirements for users while increasing the system global throughput
Queant, Caroline. "Systèmes de protection de nouvelle génération contre les UV". Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/30270.
Texto completo da fonteThe work presented in this thesis is divided in three research axis. The first axis regards the poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) microspheres synthesis containing UV absorbers (UVA) and hindered amine light stabilizers (HALS). UVA and HALS work synergistically to prevent UV degradation in coatings. The second axis studies the synthesis of stimuli-sensitive encapsulation system for the tailored release of the UV stabilizers. The last axis compares the system efficiency in the case of UV protection for clear coat for exterior wood. In the first axis, PMMA microspheres with UVA and HALS were synthesized by the internal phase separation method. Microspheres are added to an exterior clear coat binder then applied onto white spruce panels. Some formulations are realized. Some contains free UVA and HALS similar to commercial paint and others have different concentrations in encapsulated compounds. Paint performance is evaluated after accelerated weathering. The comparison of formulations allow the evaluation of the efficiency of encapsulation of UV stabilizers inside the wood clear coat. The performance of coating consists on a good aesthetic resistance, a small color change and low chemical degradation. Obtained results are based on analysis with FTIR, TEM and colorimetry. In the second axis, the release of UVA is improved by the UV sensitive polymer. This polymer is able to change its own molecular conformation under UV rays. The poly(1-(4-(3-carboxy-4-hydroxyphenyl-azo)benzenesulfonamido)-1,2 -ethanediyl) or (PAZO) is deposited onto CaCO3 templates containing UVA encapsulated. The encapsulation is done by coprecipitation of Na2CO3 and CaCl2.The layer by layer allow the deposition of charged polymers. PAZO is adsorbed after a layer of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC). The obtained particles are added to a complete clear coat formulation. Samples are placed in an accelerated weathering chamber. The encapsulation is proved by analysis techniques of XPS, TEM and TGA. Polymer PAZO transition is observed by colorimetry. In the last axis of this work, the two encapsulation systems are compared using encapsulated UV stabilizers inside a formulation of wood clear coat. Dried films are placed in accelerated weathering chamber in order to test their efficiency. After 1000 h of artificial weathering, films are analyzed and compared to the initial state. The mapping Raman technique allows to visualize the free UV stabilizers distribution inside the dried film. DMA calculate mechanical modulus and Tg of studied films. This last axis allows to connect distribution of UV protectors and efficiency of coating protection.
Bréhon, Yannick. "Conception et ingénierie de réseaux nouvelle génération orientés Ethernet". Paris, ENST, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENST0005.
Texto completo da fonteThe increase in individual and professional customer expectations, as well as the fast technological evolutions, are leading to the design of the Next Generation Internet (NGI). Network optimization allows operators to efficiently deliver high-quality services at reduced costs. Due to the pre-eminence of Ethernet technologies at the customer premises and in the access network segment, and due to its low cost, Ethernet is a natural candidate to serve as the technology of choice of the NGI. In the metropolitan network segment, efforts have led to specifying Ethernet flavors which allow mapping client traffic into Virtual LANs. In this thesis, we investigate how to efficiently assign these VLANs to the Spanning Trees generated by Ethernet’s Spanning Tree Protocol, since this is currently the only way to perform traffic-engineering and network optimization in this network segment. In the core network segment, several initiatives aim at turning Ethernet into a GMPLS-controlled connection-oriented technology (such as Layer 2 LSPs and PBB-TE). In this thesis, a new type of connection for packet- and frame- based, connection-oriented and GMPLS-controlled technologies is introduced and studied: the bus-LSP. Both in single-layer and in multi-layer networks, it provides the operator with significant cost reduction. We provide quantification of this reduction, as well as engineering methods for efficiently deploying bus-LSPs. We also detail the control plane protocols extensions needed to manage these bus-LSPs
Nshare, Abdallah. "Définition et conception d'une nouvelle génération de rétines programmables". Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112155.
Texto completo da fonteIn this manuscript, we present a new approach of architecture for image processing. The analysis of vision chips, in particular the artificial retinas, shows a bad distribution of the operators of low level images processing. In spite of about twenty year of researches in this domain, this aspect led to circuits of poor resolution integrating operators that have a low flexibility and a very poor programmability. It seemed to us indispensable to find a new compromise between versatility and parallelism. We so proposed a new architecture of artificial retina intended to improve the balance between the computing speed and the flexibilty of vision chips. Our approach consists in moving the set of functions that are generally integrated nearby the sensor, outside of the array of sensors. So, in our approach, the operators are henceforth shared by a set of pixels, and processing is then sequentially performed. This architecture is implemented by an array of sensors associated to a column of processors operating in an malogue-digital mixed mode. For it, we conceived an original mixed processor. It becomes if possible to perform sequences of calculations implementing in situ a wide class of image processing algorithms. To validate this approach, we realized an artificial retina in a 0. 6 [mu]m CMOS technology. This circuit comprises an array of 16x16 pixels associated to a column of 16 processors. This first circuit allowed to validate the architecture and the analogue cells. Processings such as the motion detection or edges detection were programmed. The obtained speed of processing allows to envisage real-time applications for retinas of high resolution (256x256). To widen the practicable field of algorithms, we brought modifications to the basic architecture. These modifications allowed to increase the preciseness of analogue calculations, the speed of processing and to reduce the area of the pixel. We conceived a second circuit which integrates these modifications
Bernigaud, Pierre. "Modélisation de la combustion des matériaux énergétiques nouvelle génération". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023IPPAE017.
Texto completo da fonteUsed in civil and military rocket engines, composite propellants are characterized by a heterogeneous structure at the microscopic level. They consist mainly of oxidizer particles embedded in a polymer matrix known as the binder. The binder maintains the structural integrity of the propellant, and produces via its pyrolysis gases whose combustion is responsible for most of the heat release within the flame. The combustion products of the oxdizer particles oxidize the fuel generated by the binder.Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is a widely used oxidizing agent in composite propellants, mainly in association with a polymer binder such as hydroxytelechelic polybutadiene (HTPB). Next-generation propellants could include nitramines in their composition, such as hexogen (RDX), as a partial replacement for AP for certain specific purposes. In particular, reducing the amount of AP contained in the propellant can limit the formation of a visible trail at the engine exhaust, reducing the vehicle's signature.In this thesis, we propose to revisit the studies carried out on the combustion of conventional AP/HTPB propellants, and to characterize the effect of RDX inclusion in their composition.To this end, the first part of the thesis is dedicated to the development of combustion models for the ingredients under consideration: AP, homogenized AP/HTPB blend, and RDX.A chemical kinetics mechanism is assembled, capable of representing the chemical processes characteristic of the combustion of all these energetic materials. For each ingredient, a condensed-phase decomposition model is also formulated, to be associated with the kinetic mechanism. One-dimensional simulations are then carried out using a coupled flame/solid approach, in order to validate the whole on available experimental data.Due to their heterogeneous structure, the study of composite propellant combustion requires the use of multidimensional numerical methods. A second part of the thesis is therefore dedicated to the development and validation of a 2D calculation code, enabling the simulation of the combustion of an oxidizer particle surrounded by a layer of binder, in an axisymmetric configuration.In a final section, the combustion models and the computational code are used in conjunction to study the effect of RDX inclusion in a conventional AP/HTPB propellant. For the first time, the flame structure produced by such AP/HTPB/RDX propellant is obtained and characterized. The effect of pressure and RDX particle size on propellant regression is investigated, demonstrating the existence of different combustion regimes. Recommendations are made for optimizing the performance of this type of composition
Flandrin, Nicolas. "Génération de maillage hybride pour les simulateurs de réservoir pétrolier de nouvelle génération : extension 3D". Troyes, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TROY0009.
Texto completo da fonteDuring the exploitation of an oil reservoir, it is important to predict the recovery of hydrocarbons and to optimize its production. A better comprehension of the physical phenomena requires to simulate 3D multiphase flows in increasingly complex geological structures. In this thesis, we are interested in this spatial discretization and we propose to extend in 3D the 2D hybrid model proposed by IFP in 1998 where the radial characteristics of the flows in the vicinity of wells are directly taken into account in the geometry. In these hybrid meshes, the wells and their drainage area are described by structured radial circular meshes and the reservoirs are represented by structured meshes that can be non uniform Cartesian or Corner Point Geometry grids. In order to generate a global conforming mesh, unstructured transition meshes based on power diagrams and satisfying finite volume properties are used to connect together the structured meshes. Two methods have been implemented to generate these transition meshes: a method using a Delaunay triangulation and another one using a frontal approach. In addition, some criteria are introduced to measure the quality or the transition meshes and optimization procedures are proposed to increase some of these criteria under finite volume properties constraints
Hadam, Pawel. "Transports nouvelle génération dans les réseaux à très haut débit". Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010643.
Texto completo da fonteHellbourg, Grégory. "Traitement spatial des interférences pour les radiotélescopes de nouvelle génération". Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01069394.
Texto completo da fonteTuaz, Aymeric. "Investigations structurales haute-résolution de photodiodes infrarouges de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY097/document.
Texto completo da fonteWithin the general goal of reaching high operating temperature while maintaining strong requirements on infrared photodetector performances, the pressure on HgCdTe material quality is increasingly growing. In particular, careful attention is now being paid to stress and stress relaxation within HgCdTe photodiodes. While recent studies have focused on the lattice mismatch induced strain over areas in the order of the wafer, no experimental investigation has been able to resolve the strain at the micrometer level.The typical millimetric spatial resolution limit of standard diffraction can be overtaken using a focused synchrotron X-ray white beam. Indeed, by performing Laue microdiffraction measurements, we can map with a sub-micrometer resolution both the local deviatoric strain and lattice orientation. This thesis focuses on the analysis of etched trenches inside HgCdTe layers with variations on passivation and annealing steps. We are able to investigate a precise mapping around the etching and appreciate the local effects of the processing steps. Diffraction peak displacement mapping evidences bending of the crystal planes around etched trenches, with strong dependence upon the processing steps.Then, we focus on the relative position of all the peaks which are measured simultaneously. Assuming a bi-axial strain between layer and substrate, the slope of the peak relative displacement as a function of their position directly provides the strain value undergone by the material. Thus, we measure the strain through the entire sample with a precision of 3.10-5 and map it with a sub-micronic position precision.Finally, we show how the use of a three point calibrated bending set-up leads to the experimental determination of the plasticity threshold in HgCdTe/CdZnTe epitaxial structures together with the spatial distribution of the applied strain. The dynamics from elastic to plastic regime and the layer behavior once the plastic threshold is reached are investigated. Furthermore, the etching step creates abrupt edges inside the layer, leading to a modification of the strain field by concentrating it on the angles of the trench
Subaie, Mohammad al. "L'idéologie de l'islamisme radical : la nouvelle génération des intellectuels islamistes". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0175.
Texto completo da fonteResearches on the ideology of Islamic extremism are little numerous. As lslamic networks made the object of hundreds of jobs, as their ideology was comparatively abandoned. To understand the thought or this extremist sphere of influence we chose to study the writings of four major contemporary thinkers of this current; to know : Abou Mohammad Al-Maqdissi, Abou Bassir Al-Tartoussi, Abou Qatada Al-Falastini, et Abou Moussab Al Souri. All are Arab Sunni, native to the Medium East, comparatively young (between 50 and 60 years), still living, and very influential not only in the Arab and Islamic world but worldwide. We made a detailed analysis of texts in Arabic, what represents a hundred of titles and some thousand pages, in a perspective specialist in comparative linguistics of their ideological productions around two major topics: : the question of Jihad and that of the democracy seen as an illicit political system. These ideologists make a very selective reading in the choice and the interpretation of the sacred texts. They take back certain criticisms of the revolutionary Marxist ideology, and such certain ideas of the western extreme right, to institute a social change and Islamic State. They make a massive appeal in modern technologies (notably Internet) to broadcast their thought very broadly
Witte, Daniel Ulrich. "Une nouvelle génération d'électrode poreuse percolée pulsée : E3P multi-étagée". Toulouse, INPT, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPT052G.
Texto completo da fonteTomassilli, Andrea. "Vers les réseaux de nouvelle génération avec SDN et NFV". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AZUR4044.
Texto completo da fonteRecent advances in networks, such as Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV), are changing the way network operators deploy and manage Internet services. On one hand, SDN introduces a logically centralized controller with a global view of the network state. On the other hand, NFV enables the complete decoupling of network functions from proprietary appliances and runs them as software applications on general–purpose servers. In such a way, network operators can dynamically deploy Virtual Network Functions (VNFs). SDN and NFV benefit network operators by providing new opportunities for reducing costs, enhancing network flexibility and scalability, and shortening the time-to-market of new applications and services. Moreover, the centralized routing model of SDN jointly with the possibility of instantiating VNFs on–demand, may open the way for an even more efficient operation and resource management of networks. For instance, an SDN/NFV-enabled network may simplify the Service Function Chain (SFC) deployment and provisioning by making the process easier and cheaper. In this study, we aim at investigating how to leverage both SDN and NFV in order to exploit their potential benefits. We took steps to address the new opportunities offered in terms of network design, network resilience, and energy savings, and the new problems that arise in this new context, such as the optimal network function placement in the network. We show that a symbiosis between SDN and NFV can improve network performance and significantly reduce the network's Capital Expenditure (CapEx) and Operational Expenditure (OpEx)
Kouevidjin, Modobozi. "Evaluation des performances énergétiques d'une nouvelle génération d'éolienne off-shore". Thesis, Artois, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ARTO0208/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe studied alternator equips a vertical axis offshore wind turbine. It is a 2MW fractional slotconcentrated winding permanent magnet synchronous polyphase machine, directly connected to bladeturbine. The principal purpose of this thesis consists in characterizing the alternator in order toevaluate its performances. The air gap permeance and the magnemotive force analytical modelingleads to study the air gap flux density and its harmonic content, which is particularly rich. Thecharacterization has also concerned the self and mutual inductance determination, which has requiredstalling the model by exploiting experimental measurements done at standstill. The particularity of thestudied machine leads us to consider an equivalent fictitious winding in order to determine the cyclicalinductances, necessary for the single-phase equivalent scheme establishment. Moreover, the machineback to back functioning has been studied and simulated. This functioning allows testing the machineitself and the other conversion chain subsystems, without using a second machine or blades to drivethe prototype rotor. It offers the possibility to test different types of operating points and to estimatethe power that can produce the studied machine: different operating points scenarios have beensimulated and parameters for tests have been defined. The back to back functioning of a classicalsynchronous machine has been also investigated, with an analytical modeling of the electromagneticphenomena and experimental tests
Dehghani, Kodnoeih Mohammad Reza. "Développement de nouvelle génération d'antenne 5G dans la bande millimétrique". Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT4075/document.
Texto completo da fonteLow-profile, low cost, high gain and beam steerable are four of the key features required for 5G point-to-point antennas at millimeter waves. Millimeter-wave bands gained a lot of attention recently as they are capable to provide high data rate communication (up to 10 Gbps) due to their large bandwidth (up to 20%). In the recent years, different antenna technologies have been proposed for such applications, with their advantages and weaknesses. They are either costly solutions, such as directly fed antennas arrays (horn arrays, slot arrays, etc.), or bulky ones such as quasi-optical antenna solution (lenses, transmit-arrays and reflect-arrays). In this thesis, a compact, low cost and high gain antenna based on quasi-optical solutions is proposed in V-band (57-66 GHz). At first an optimized fixed beam antenna solution with reduced focal distance is designed and validated by outdoor measurements. Afterwards, the compatibility of this antenna solution for electronic beam steering is studied, and two beam steering solutions are proposed. These solutions are characterized by both simulations and measurements. Finally, perspective solutions to integrate properties such as dual-frequency and dual-polarization into the antenna solution are proposed
Ju, Min. "Optimisation de la protection des réseaux optiques de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG0226/document.
Texto completo da fonteNetwork survivability is a critical issue for optical networks to maintain resilience against network failures. This dissertation addresses several survivability design issues against single link failure and large-scale disaster failure in optical networks. Twoclassic protection schemes, namely pre-configured Cycles (p-Cycle) protection and path protection, are studied to achieve high protection capacity efficiency while taking intoaccount the equipment cost, power consumption and resource usage. These survivable network design problems are first formulated by mathematical models and then offered scalable solutions by heuristic algorithms or a decomposition approach.We first consider single link failure scenario. To cut the multi-line rates transponderscost in survivable Mixed-Line-Rate (MLR) optical networks, a distance-adaptive andlow Capital Expenditures (CAPEX) cost p-cycle protection scheme is proposed withoutcandidate cycle enumeration. Specifically, path-length-limited p-cycles are designed touse appropriate line rate depending on the transponder cost and transmission reach.A Mixed Integer Linear Programming (MILP) model is formulated to directly generate the optimal p-cycles with the minimum CAPEX cost. Additionally, Graph Partitioning in Average (GPA) algorithm and Estimation of cycle numbers (EI) algorithm are developed to make the proposed MILP model scalable, which are shown to be efficient.Regarding the power consumption in survivable Elastic Optical Networks (EONs),power-efficient directed p-cycle protection scheme for asymmetric traffic is proposed.Owing to the advantage of distinguishing traffic amount in two directions, directedp-cycles consume low power by allocating different Frequency Slots (FSs) and modulation formats for each direction. An MILP model is formulated to minimize total power consumption under constraints of directed cycle generation, spectrum assignment,modulation adaptation and protection capacity allocation. To increase the scalability, the MILP model is decomposed into an improved cycle enumeration and a simplified Integer Linear Programming (ILP) model. We have shown that the directedp-cycles out perform the undirected p-cycles in terms of power consumption and spectrum usage.In order to improve the spectrum usage efficiency in p-cycle protection, a SpectrumShared p-cycle (SS-p-cycle) protection is proposed for survivable EONs with and without spectrum conversion. SS-p-cycles permit to reduce spectrum usage and Spectrum Fragmentation Ratio (SFR) by leveraging potential spectrum sharing among multiplep-cycles that have common link(s). The ILP formulations are designed in both cases of with and without spectrum conversion to minimize the spectrum usage of SS-p-cycleswhich can obtain the optimal solution in small instance, and a time-efficient heuristic algorithm is developed to solve large-scale instances. Simulation results show that SSp-cycles have significant advantages on both spectrum allocation and defragmentation efficiency, and the spectrum conversion does help SS-p-cycle design to acquire better spectrum utilization
Brun-Picard, Jérémy. "Une nouvelle génération d'étalons quantiques fondée sur l'effet Hall quantique". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS549/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe future International System of Units, based on fundamental constants, will allow to take full advantage of the quantum standards of resistance, current and voltage that are linked to the planck constant and the elementary charge only.In this thesis, we have developed and studied a resistance standard based on the quantum Hall effect in graphene obtained by chemical vapor deposition (propane/hydrogen) on silicon carbide substrate. For the first time we were able to show that a graphene resistance standard could operate at more practical experimental conditions than its counterpart in GaAs/AlGaAs, ie at higher temperatures (T⋍10 K), weaker magnetics fields (B ⋍ 3,5 T) and larger measurement currents (I⋍500 μA). From an understanding and improvement perspective, we have analyzed the fabrication process of the Hall bar and its reproducibility, tested a method to modify the electronic density, and investigated the quantum Hall effect dissipation mechanisms.In a second part, we have demonstrated that it was possible torealize a programmable and versatile quantum current source from the elementary charge, by combining the two quantum standards of voltage and resistance in a quantum circuit integrating a cryogenic current comparator. Currents were generated in the range from 1 μA to 5 mA, with a relative uncertainty never achieved before of 10⁻⁸. We have also showed that this current standard, realizing the new definition of the ampere, could be used to calibrate an ammeter
Guillou, Sandrine. "Vers une nouvelle génération d'hétérocycles azotés à haut potentiel énergétique". Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007VERS0031.
Texto completo da fonteIn the course of our program focused on the preparation of high-nitrogen content heterocyclic compounds, we wish to report the synthesis of two polyheterocyclic compounds. The first synthesis is focused on the nitration of substituted pyridine. Direct nitration with mixture of concentrated (or fuming) nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, or in some cases with concentrated nitric acid and acetic anhydride gave unexpected regioselectivities. The preparation of the second target is focused on an original synthesis of the tricyclic 7-azidofurazano[3,4-b]tetrazolopyrazine via an unprecedented reaction between 2,6-dimethoxy-3,5-dinitropyrazine and hydrazine hydrate. This compound was identified by an X-Ray diffraction analysis. Further studies of its structure by 15N and 13C NMR spectroscopy were carried out in different solvents. This allowed us to observe a noteworthy equilibrium involving three forms resulting from the reversible opening of a tetrazole ring
Majoor, Alissa. "Identification de composés immuno-stimulateurs anti-microbiens de nouvelle génération". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021COAZ6027.
Texto completo da fonteLeishmaniasis is a neglected tropical disease found in more than 88 countries around the world. There are up to 1,000,000 new cases per year, leading to nearly 30,000 deaths. In humans, there are several forms of the disease, ranging from a cutaneous form that can heal spontaneously, to the most severe visceral form.Visceral leishmaniasis is conferred by several species of Leishmania, including L. infantum around the Mediterranean basin. This dimorphic parasite invades the macrophages of its hosts, particularly humans and dogs, in which it is responsible for the disease. Left untreated, visceral leishmaniasis is fatal, and treatments available today are toxic, expensive, and face growing resistance.Finding new treatments is therefore a priority, and this thesis project aims to identify natural alternatives to anti-leishmanial molecules. By taking an ecological approach, we recover waste from the perfumery industry and plants from the local biodiversity. We then test the extracts on the parasites in order to identify immunostimulatory compounds, which would favor promotion of elimination of the parasite by the host’s own immune system. In order to follow the evolution over time of the infection in vitro and/or in vivo, we have also sought to create new tools to visualize the presence of Leishmania parasites by developing new fluorescent and bioluminescent reporter strains.We have identified a plant whose extract promotes the elimination of the intracellular amastigote form found in host macrophages. With the help of our collaborators at the Institut de Chimie de Nice (ICN), we performed a bioguided fractioning. We obtained sub-fractions of this plant as well as pure molecules capable of eliminating the parasite Leishmania infantum.One single molecule, whose name is confidential because of a pending patent registration, showed an effect on the intracellular parasite, without showing toxicity. It is capable of modulating the secretion of cytokines from the host cell. We are currently studying 20 structural derivatives of this molecule. Preliminary studies in mice have shown that taking this molecule orally, as a preventive measure, can reduce the parasite load in animals.In the meantime, we have developed the construction of new reporter strains of Leishmania expressing the luciferase teLuc, the red mRuby or far red mMaroon1 fluorophore, and strains expressing fluorescence and bioluminescence, eFFly-mCherry. This last construction has been integrated into 3 different species of Leishmania: L. infantum, responsible for visceral leishmaniasis, L. major responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis, and L. tarentolae, which is a non-pathogenic strain for humans
Kibler, Bertrand. "Propagation non-linéaire d'impulsions ultracourtesdans les fibres optiques de nouvelle génération". Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00169957.
Texto completo da fonteFekete, Jean-Daniel. "Nouvelle génération d'Interfaces Homme-Machine pour mieux agir et mieux comprendre". Habilitation à diriger des recherches, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00876183.
Texto completo da fonteLapray, Pierre-Jean. "Nouvelle génération de systèmes de vision temps réel à grande dynamique". Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00947744.
Texto completo da fonteHeurtault, Béatrice. "Développement d'un procédé de préparation d'une nouvelle génération de nanocapsules lipidiques". Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA114819.
Texto completo da fonteLagha, Naceur. "Proposition d'une architecture de services pour les réseaux de nouvelle génération". Rennes 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN10132.
Texto completo da fonteAlaa, eddine Jalal. "Technique de caractérisation de textiles nouvelle génération pour le blindage électromagnétique". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020GRALT064.
Texto completo da fonteElectromagnetic shielding consists in reducing the electromagnetic field in the vicinity of an object by interposing a barrier between the source of the field and the object to be protected. The objective of the thesis is the development of techniques for characterizing and predicting new generation armor performance based on textiles and polymers for avionics applications between DC and 1 GHz. It takes place within the framework of the FUI NextGen project which is part of the field of aeronautical wiring protection. The thesis is composed of two main parts: 1) the characterization of the shielding efficiency from tests on plane samples (solid material or metal braid), 2) the transfer impedance measurement for sheaths.In the literature, the measurement of shielding efficiency (SE) is generally obtained either in free space or in a reverberating or anechoic chamber. In these methods, the material under test is placed between two antennas. The value of the measured shielding efficiency depends on the operating band of the antennas which starts at a few MHz and cannot reach low frequencies in the band of a few kHz. Shielding efficiency is obtained by measuring the attenuation of the electromagnetic field through a material relative to the transmission of the field without material. Herein, the shielding efficiency measurement is made by a coaxial cell, considering all the parameters that affect the measurement such as electrical contact, measurement dynamics, etc., allowing leasuring the effectiveness of shielding from DC to 1 GHz and this suits the demand in the aeronautical field. These measurements are validated with theoretical modeling and electromagnetic simulations.Concerning the sheath transfer impedance, its measurement is carried out with a triaxial cell. The transfer impedance (Z_t) is defined as the quotient of the voltage (V1) induced in the internal circuit by the current (I2) introduced into the external circuit over a given coupling length. The current standard of transfer impedance measurement is defined up to 100 MHz while in our developed cell the measurement reaches the frequency of 300 MHz without adaptation.Finally, to make the link between the shielding efficiency and the transfer impedance, a model for predicting the transfer impedance from the measurement of the shielding efficiency is proposed.Jalal ALAA EDDINE
Hamdaoui, Soria. "Elaboration et caractérisation d’une nouvelle génération d’apatite modifiée pour application biomédicale". Thesis, CY Cergy Paris Université, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020CYUN1053.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of the work presented in this manuscript is the developpement of sequential coatings on 316L stainless steel supports by electrochemical approaches in order to generate biomaterials for the orthopedic surgery. The multi-composite biomaterials are formed by a 316L steel support, an electroconductive polymer coating, the polypyrrole (PPy) followed by a phosphocalcic coating (PCa) more or less doped by addition of silicon ( in a range of 0.1 to 2mM of Si).Physicochimical approaches (profiling, thickness measurement…) allowed us to establish that the phosphocalcic coating doped with 0.5mM of silicon has the best compromise (roughness and thickness) for our coatings in our study context.Several bio-fonctionnalization techniques (adsorption, combinatorial electrodeposition, electrochemical oxydation) of our implants with proteins from the blood plasma (fibronectine and fibrinogen) have been developped. To validate the impact of theses bio-recoveries, the morphology and the viability of these cells cultured on our different types of supports were studied. The silicon doping of supports coated with PCa also exhibits increased viability of pre-osteoblasts cultured in their contact.In conclusion, this thesis work allowed to build a strategy of sequential coatings of a conductive polymer, a phosphocalcic coating doped by silicon and an eventual bio-fonctionalization via plasma proteins by electrochemical approaches of cyclic voltammetry and electrodeposition in order to increase the biocompatibility of the 316L stainless steel.The results obtained show that theses approaches are reproductible, operational, inexpensive and compatible with the constraints of the sterilization by autoclaving. The biomaterial thus generated have a better ability for cell colonization and increase the biocompatibility of the 316L steel. Through in vitro studies, our results open the way to the developement of new strategies for manufacturing multi-composite biomaterials usable for orthopedic applications.Keywords: Electrodeposition, cyclic voltammetry, polypyrrole, calcium phosphate, silicon, fibronectine, fibrinogen, multi-composite biomaterials, biocompatibility and pre-osteoblastic cells
Niculae, Alexandra Mihaela. "Mécanismes d'optimisation multi-niveaux pour IP sur satellites de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPT034H/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe main objective of this thesis is to provide tools of improving performance of geostationary satellite networks, operating in a constrained environment mainly due to the variable quality of radio links. There are protocol layers being challenged by such characteristics, such as the medium access protocol and the transport layer protocol (TCP behaviour is impacted by the long propagation delay in geostationary satellite networks). We employ cross-layer mechanisms implementing interaction between non-adjacent protocol layers defined by the OSI architecture aiming at providing a rapid adaptation to changes in network state. We provide a cross-layer technique informing TCP protocol of the available network rate, thus preventing consequences such as TCP rate drop or loss due to buffer overflow. This mechanism is to be implemented in a sensible network element, such as a TCP proxy. Data link layer scheduler can benefit from the advantages of employing cross-layer mechanisms, especially at the gateway of a DVB-S2/DVB-RCS satellite network. The improved scheduler allows an efficient use of network resources and helps insuring quality of services constraints, resource allocation fairness, etc. Finally, we propose a cross-layer architecture along with in-demand characteristics able to offer an inter-operability with the existing architecture, an easy up-grade and design
Villain, Benjamin. "Nouvelle génération de contrôleur d'accès réseau : une approche par réseaux logiciels". Thesis, Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066663/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents the importance of cross-layer network information for network applications in the context of network access control. The dissertation exposes a novel architecture in which a network access controller is mutualized in the Cloud. This architecture allows to address a key market segment for clients unwilling to buy expensive hardware to control their network. Multiple challenges come into play when hosting the controller remotely. Indeed cross-layer information are no longer available which prevents the controller from correctly controlling users activity. A first implementation to share cross-layer information is presented in chapter 2. It leverages specialized session border controllers to send these data in the application protocol, here HTTP. Then chapter 3 presents an innovative solution for the cross-layering problem which allows to intrumentalize network flows with SDN protocols. The solution focuses on a web portal redirection but is extendable to any kind of protocols. The implementation permits to intercept and modify flows in order to input cross-layer data within another network protocol. This solution was implemented in the OpenDaylight OpenFlow controller and shows great results. The mutualized approach coupled with the SDN cross-layer framework allow to build flexible networks with almost no configuration of on-site equipments. The central network controller reduces the overal cost of the solution by being mutualized among multiple clients. Moreover, having the ability to intrumentalize network traffic in software allows to implement any kind of custom behavior on the runtime
Amelot, Dylan. "Etudes des propriétés d'interfaces pour les cellules solaires de nouvelle génération". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS321.
Texto completo da fonteNext-generation solar cells consist of thin-films of different materials stacked-up. The purpose of those layers is to extract and transport free charge carriers generated by the absorption of the solar spectrum. Engineering layers in a solar cell consist in maximizing the separation of the charge carriers and their extraction towards electrodes, and limiting their recombination. Surface states, energy level alignement between materials and potential at interfaces dictate the behavior of photogenerated charge carriers in solar cells, which is responsible for the performance of devices. Properties of different surfaces and interfaces in organic and perovskite solar cells are explored in my thesis work. In a first study, I present the properties of an electron transport layer extensively used in organic and perovskite solar cells, titanium dioxyde, prepared at low temperature and at the interface with organic molecules. In a second study, I present my results regarding the integration of FAPbI3 perovskite nanocrystals (PNC) in solar cells. The characterization of optoelectronic properties of PNC and their evolution at the interfaces with an electron transport layer (TiO2) and hole transport layer (MoO3) are presented. Photoemission spectroscopy techniques are used to reveal the energy levels and electronic properties of the different systems. The different results obtained in this work allow for a better understanding of the energetic and chemical landscape at the interfaces between the mentionned materials, and thus explains the behavior of charge carriers in the associated cells
Villain, Benjamin. "Nouvelle génération de contrôleur d'accès réseau : une approche par réseaux logiciels". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 6, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA066663.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis presents the importance of cross-layer network information for network applications in the context of network access control. The dissertation exposes a novel architecture in which a network access controller is mutualized in the Cloud. This architecture allows to address a key market segment for clients unwilling to buy expensive hardware to control their network. Multiple challenges come into play when hosting the controller remotely. Indeed cross-layer information are no longer available which prevents the controller from correctly controlling users activity. A first implementation to share cross-layer information is presented in chapter 2. It leverages specialized session border controllers to send these data in the application protocol, here HTTP. Then chapter 3 presents an innovative solution for the cross-layering problem which allows to intrumentalize network flows with SDN protocols. The solution focuses on a web portal redirection but is extendable to any kind of protocols. The implementation permits to intercept and modify flows in order to input cross-layer data within another network protocol. This solution was implemented in the OpenDaylight OpenFlow controller and shows great results. The mutualized approach coupled with the SDN cross-layer framework allow to build flexible networks with almost no configuration of on-site equipments. The central network controller reduces the overal cost of the solution by being mutualized among multiple clients. Moreover, having the ability to intrumentalize network traffic in software allows to implement any kind of custom behavior on the runtime
Henry, Killian. "Nanodiamants et graphite fluorés pour des réflecteurs de neutrons nouvelle génération". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024LORR0067.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this PhD work was to synthesize highly scattering nanomaterials with low neutron absorption, consisting solely of carbon and fluorine, in order to close the slow neutron reflectivity gap in the 90-600 m/s neutron velocity range (between the best supermirror and graphite). The materials selected were nanodiamonds with a calibrated diameter (5 nm) and fluorinated graphites. Among fluorinated graphites, the (C2F)n phase has the highest interplanar distance (9 Å), enabling reflectivity of up to 220 m/s. Despite the difficulty of obtaining this (C2F)n phase, due to its restricted fluorination temperature range (350-400°C), the tendency to over-fluorinate and the risk of exfoliation, we successfully synthesized fluorinated graphite powders with a high (C2F)n content, with a maximum content of 96 % (C2F)n and an interplanar distance of around 9 Å. Neutron reflectivity measurements of these samples revealed that (C2F)n-rich fluorinated graphite can be used as an effective reflector for slow neutrons. Graphite foils have also been fluorinated to overcome the impossibility of densifying fluorinated graphite powders, an essential criterion for the creation of neutron reflectors. High levels of (C2F)n were also obtained, i.e. ~75%, and no exfoliation was observed. All these characteristics make fluorinated graphite foils very promising as slow neutron reflectors. The detonation nanodiamonds are chosen for the purpose of developing new slow neutron reflectors because they are available in industrial quantities. They unfortunately contain a sp2 carbon shell on their surface and hydrogenated and oxygenated neutron-absorbing impurities, as well as metallic impurities that can be activated under neutron flux. It was shown in this study that the use of chlorine effectively eliminates metallic impurities from detonation nanodiamonds, and that the combination with molecular fluorine converts the hydrogenated and oxygenated groups present on the surface of these nanoparticles into C-F bonds, providing a hydrophobic character that prevents any subsequent adsorption of water molecules. A method for concentrating metallic impurities was developed during the course of this PhD work, which made it possible to overcome the detection limit of the characterization equipment used. It also proved that the combustion temperature of detonation nanodiamonds was a good indicator of their purity. In addition, the combination of chlorination and fluorination treatments increased the thermal stability of these compounds by 200 °C
Regnard, Guillaume. "Développement d'une nouvelle génération de plasmas micro-onde à conditions opératoires étendues". Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENY060/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis work was done in the « Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie (IN2P3,Grenoble) » during a collaboration with Thales. The aim of the project was the development of a newgeneration of microwave plasma with extended operating conditions in the pressure range 0.5 mtorr to10 torr in argon. The presented work consists of: i) designing applicators based on sections of λ/4length serving as impedance transformers between the generator and the plasma with impedance ofgiven assumed value (approximate impedance adaptation); ii) experimentally determine the realplasma impedance (the real part and the imaginary part) for given operating conditions from themeasurement of modulus and phase of the reflection coefficient S11; iii) resize the different sections ofthe applicator by digital simulation taking the real plasma impedance into account; iv) finally, verifyexperimentally that the impedance adaptation between the generator and the plasma is correct. Theobtained results clearly demonstrate that it is possible, at a given frequency (here 2.45 GHz), to designand size a plasma source with an efficiency greater than 80 % for a window in pressure (at least onedecade) equivalent to an operating window in terms of plasma parameters. These individual sourceswith localized absorption of microwaves can be used in numbers to achieve uniform plasmas via theirdistribution over two-dimensional (planar sources) or tri-dimensional (volume plasma) networks, andthus for industrial surface treatments
Sethom, Kaouthar. "Gestion de la mobilité dans les réseaux sans fil de nouvelle génération". Paris 6, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA066410.
Texto completo da fonteKibler, Bertrand. "Propagation non-linéaire d'impulsions ultracourtes dans les fibres optiques de nouvelle génération". Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA2028.
Texto completo da fonteJelger, Christophe. "Gestion des équipements mobiles et communications de groupe dans l'internet nouvelle génération". Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004STR13099.
Texto completo da fonteMultimedia communications have become extremely popular in the Internet. Services such that Internet TV and radio are indeed attracting an increasing number of users. The particularity of these applications is that they are based on a group of users and can therefore benefit from the use of multicast communications. In the mean time, wireless networks are being deployed at a very fast pace. Mobile Internet users undoubtedly want to be able to have access to the services that are available in wired networks. In particular, it means that wireless networks must be multicast-capable in order to support group communications. In the first part of this thesis, we have studied different aspects of the combination of mobile users and multicast communications. We have evaluated through extensive simulations the effects of node mobility on multicast communications. We have also proposed a new protocol which aims to support mobile sources in source-rooted multicast trees. This protocol has been evaluated via simulations and it has been shown to outperform other existing solutions. In a second part of this thesis, we have also studied the deployment of multicast communications in hybrid ad hoc networks. A hybrid ad hoc network is an ad hoc network that has at least one node which can act as the gateway to the Internet. Our first objective has been to design a protocol which can be used to automatically assign IPv6 global addresses to the ad hoc nodes. Our proposal is based on the original concept of prefix continuity in an ad hoc network: the protocol creates and maintains sub-networks formed by an adjacent set of mobile nodes. We have evaluated different versions of our proposal with extensive simulations. Our second objective has then been to study the applicability of the prefix continuity concept in multicast communications in ad hoc networks. We have subsequently proposed a multicast routing protocol which creates multicast trees and meshes whose members all share an identical IPv6 network prefix. This architecture is very attractive in the sense that network management, access control, and billing systems can be easily deployed on the ad hoc gateways
Ouattara, Issa. "Recherche, développement et réalisation d'un contrôleur de Fabry-Perot de nouvelle génération". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015AIXM4725.
Texto completo da fonteThe Physics of Galaxies Team of Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM) has developed a new type of Fabry-Perot, with three amplified piezoelectric actuators and three capacitive sensors to control the spacing and parallelism of mirror plates of approximately 200 µm with a positioning accuracy of 3 nm.The purpose of this manuscript, consisting of 3 parts is the control of this interferometer.The first part, consisting of Chapters 1 and 2 presents the general interferometry Fabry-Perot and then describes 3DNTT and BTFI instruments which will be installed the next generation interferometer and its associated controller. The design and implementation of a hybrid amplifier to reduce non-linearities of the piezoelectric actuators (hysteresis and creep) end this first part.The second part, Chapters 3 and 4, describes the development and implementation of the controller.For this, an approach based on codesign concept was adopted. The thus achieved controller consists of a Microzed development board whose heart is a system on chip of the 7000 series Zynq EPP (FPGA + Dual-Core ARM Cortex A9) and an interface card with converters (3 ADC and 3 DAC) and power supply circuits.For the finalization of the controller, two steps are necessary: hardware design in Xilinx Vivado and software design in Xilinx SDK.The third and final section, chapters 5 and 6 deals with the Fabry-Perot space-state modeling and its control: a classic control based on PID control and a robust and optimal control based on KALMAN filtering. This last part concludes the outlook may result from contributions of this work on the monitoring and control of the Fabry-Perot