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1
Павличева, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Павлычева, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Pavlycheva e U. Anyanwu. "HIV/AIDS in Ukraine". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2011. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15953.
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Ukraine has one of the fastest growing HIV/AIDS epidemics in the world. Experts estimated in August 2010 that 1.3 percent of the adult population of Ukraine was infected with HIV, the highest in all of Europe. Although HIV/AIDS has to date remained concentrated among marginalized and vulnerable populations, it may be spreading to the general population. The majority of those infected are under 30 years of age; a full 25% of those affected are still in their teens.
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2
Melo, Angela Margarida Matos de Souza. "Maternidade e HIV/AIDS". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2013. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/handle/123456789/107180.
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Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Psicologia, Florianópolis, 2013Made available in DSpace on 2013-12-05T23:26:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 319162.pdf: 844976 bytes, checksum: 210711a02b13ad239a6020222f388f66 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Esta dissertação procurou estabelecer, a partir da teoria e escuta psicanalíticas, relações entre as vivências simultâneas da maternidade e da infecção pelo HIV, em mulheres atendidas em ambulatório especializado no tratamento e prevenção do HIV/Aids, que tiveram o diagnóstico durante a gestação ou até o terceiro mês de vida do bebê. Tanto a maternidade como a doença são construções histórico-culturais, com valorações antagônicas e associadas a representações socialmente compartilhadas, produzindo efeitos de subjetivação. Enquanto que a maternidade é associada à transmissão da vida e a um ideal de amor e doação, conferindo maior valoração à mulher que se torna mãe, o vírus HIV e a Aids são associados ao adoecimento e à morte. Pessoas infectadas pelo HIV, especialmente mulheres, são consideradas promíscuas e estigmatizadas, existindo a fantasia de que mulheres que têm relações estáveis estão a salvo da infecção. No Ocidente, sob a influência de diversos saberes e do cristianismo, foi estabelecida uma dicotomia entre a maternidade e o erotismo. Assim, se a sexualidade era legitimada nos homens, a sua expressão nas mulheres era vista como sinal de desvio de conduta, visão que ainda hoje produz efeitos nas práticas e valores morais compartilhados socialmente. Freud, ao atribuir à sexualidade um lugar central na constituição do sujeito, associada aos desejos inconscientes e voltada essencialmente à obtenção de prazer, dá-lhe outro estatuto, desvinculando-a da finalidade reprodutiva, ao mesmo tempo em que restitui à mulher seu corpo erotizado. Apesar dos esforços das instituições sociais para conter a sexualidade por meio de normas, ela extravasa os limites estabelecidos. A busca de prazer coloca as mulheres em condição de maior vulnerabilidade, em decorrência das assimetrias, culturalmente justificadas e validadas, nas relações de gênero. Essa assimetria coloca grande parte das mulheres em uma posição de submissão frente ao homem, o que se evidenciou nas falas das mulheres atendidas no ambulatório. Para muitas pessoas, ainda prevalece a visão dicotômica entre a mulher recatada e a que vivencia sua sexualidade livremente. As mulheres que contraem o vírus através da prática sexual, sem que tenham uma relação estável, são desqualificadas, enquanto que aquelas que foram infectadas pelos maridos, são vistas como vítimas de uma fatalidade. Assim, grande parte das mulheres atendidas, infectadas pelo vírus, temia que sua condição fosse descoberta e relutava em contar ao companheiro sobre essa condição. Tinham medo de serem abandonadas, receavam não mais poder dar expressão à sua sexualidade e muitas delas, em suas fantasias, temiam sofrer violência física. Além desses receios, comuns a outras mulheres, as gestantes expressavam medo de transmitir o vírus ao filho, o que as fazia viver um conflito, e muitas achavam que não poderiam ser boas mães, uma vez que não poderiam amamentar. Assujeitadas aos valores vigentes, elas próprias sentiam-se destituídas de valor. Propiciar a essas mulheres um espaço de fala e escuta, possibilitou a muitas delas a oportunidade de re-elaboração subjetiva de fantasias relacionadas à condição de soropositivas, proporcionando-lhes a busca de novas formas de lidar com a realidade e com o outro.
Abstract: This dissertation has tried to establish, from theory and psychoanalytic sessions, the relations between the simultaneous experiences of maternity and HIV infection in women attended in an ambulatory specialized in HIV/Aids treatment and prevention, who were diagnosed during pregnancy or within three months of their babies? lives. Both maternity and disease are historical and cultural constructions with antagonistic valuation and associated to socially shared representations, producing subjective effects. While maternity is associated to the transmission of life and to an ideal of love and donation, conferring a greater value to a woman who becomes a mother, the HIV virus and Aids are associated to illness and death. HIV infected persons, specially women, are considered promiscuous and are stigmatized, existing the fantasy that women who have stable relationships are safe from infection. In the West, under the influence of various sciences and of Christianism, a dichotomy has been established between maternity and eroticism. As a result, if sexuality were legitimate for men, its expression in women was seen as a signal of a conduct deviation, a vision that still produces effects nowadays in socially shared practices and moral values. When Freud assigned to sexuality a central place in a subject?s constitution, associated to unconscious desires and essentially connected to obtaining pleasure, he gave it another dimension, disconnecting it from reproductive purposes, at the same time returning to women their eroticized bodies. Regardless of the efforts made by social institutions to contain sexuality by means of rules it goes beyond established limits. The search of pleasure places women in a more vulnerable condition as a result from culturally justified and validated asymmetries in gender relations. Such asymmetry puts an important part of women in a position of submission before men, which has been evidenced in the spoken reports of women attended in the ambulatory. Many persons still have a dichotomic vision between the modest woman and that who freely lives her sexuality. Women who are infected by the virus through sexual intercourse without having a stable relationship are disqualified, while those who have been infected by their husbands are seen as victims of a fatality. Thus, a great number of women attended, infected by the virus, feared the disclosure of their condition and were reluctant in telling their companions about their condition. They were afraid of being left, feared no longer being able to express their sexuality and, many of them, in their fantasies, were afraid of physical violence. Besides such fears, common to other women, pregnant women expressed fear of transmitting the virus to their babies, leading them to a conflict, and many thought they could not be good mothers since they would not be able to breast-feed. Submitted to the current values, they themselves felt valueless. By giving these women a space to speak and to being heard, many of them had the opportunity to subjectively re-make their fantasies related to their serum-positive condition and to search new ways to deal with reality and with others.
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Ståhl, Martinsson Malin, e Linda Ingemarsson. "Arbetsterapi för personer med HIV/AIDS : Occupational therapy for persons with HIV/AIDS". Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Health Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-747.
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Bakgrund: Varje dag smittas i genomsnitt cirka 14 000 personer av HIV i världen. Ny behandling har gjort att dessa patienter idag lever längre. Sjukdomsförlopp samt komplikationer går inte att förutsäga utan är individuellt. Eftersom personer med HIV/AIDS-diagnos nu lever längre kommer behovet av arbetsterapeutiska insatser att öka. Syfte: Syftet med studien är att beskriva arbetsterapeutiska insatser för personer med HIV/AIDS samt vilken roll arbetsterapeuten har i arbetet kring dessa personer. Metod: En systematisk litteraturstudie gjordes för att få svar på syftet. Resultat: Vi har kommit fram till att arbetsterapeutiska insatser för personer med HIV/AIDS kan delas in i fem teman; Handledning, Hjälpmedel och anpassning, Undervisning, Förhållningssätt samt Existentiella frågor och andlighet. Arbetsterapeuten hjälper patienten att formulera målsättningar och att uppnå ökad självständighet genom att bland annat tillhandahålla hjälpmedel och bedriva utbildning. HIV/AIDS-patienters bakgrund är viktig att tänka på då den kan visa hur mottaglig en patient är för olika arbetsterapeutiska behandlingsmetoder. Slutsats: Arbetsterapeutiska insatser som används i arbetet med HIV/AIDS-patienter skiljer sig inte mot insatser riktade till andra patientgrupper.
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Sulprizio, G. "ICT4D & HIV/AIDS: an exploration of mHealth for HIV/AIDS in South Africa". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/3850.
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Oliveira, Fernanda Cristina Leite de. "Transmissão materno-infantil HIV/AIDS". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/29337.
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Resumo: Esta pesquisa, financiada pela bolsa de mestrado CAPES/REUNI, é um estudo sobre as relações entre mães e filhos quando há a transmissão vertical do vírus HIV. Em pesquisa anterior verificou-se que quando a mulher se descobre soropositiva ela busca a reconstrução de si, sobretudo a partir de um filho ou marido. É justamente a relação com esse filho, também portador do vírus, cuja contaminação ocorreu através da transmissão maternoinfantil, que exploramos agora. Entender o que houve para que essa transmissão não tenha sido evitada foi um dos objetivos principais desta pesquisa. Trabalhamos com estudo de casos, sendo assim, entrevistamos 5 mulheres soropositivas que tinham filhos (as) também soropositivos (as), sendo que 4 destas filhas também foram entrevistadas. Os locais onde encontramos essas pessoas, nas condições necessárias para a pesquisa, foram os ambulatórios de infectologia adultos e os grupos de adesão também dos adultos, ambos do Hospital de Clínicas de Curitiba. E para isso tivemos que passar pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa em Seres Humanos do hospital, com o projeto aprovado em 27 de setembro de 2010, com registro no CEP número 2269.163/2010-07, de acordo com a Resolução 196/96 e suas complementares sobre Diretrizes e Normas Regulamentadoras de Pesquisa Envolvendo Seres Humanos do Ministério da Saúde.
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Zhang, Xinjian. "HIV/AIDS relative survival analysis". unrestricted, 2007. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07262007-123251/.
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Thesis (M.S.)--Georgia State University, 2007.Title from file title page. Gengsheng (Jeff) Qin, committee chair; Ruiguang (Rick) Song, Xu Zhang, Yu-Sheng Hsu, committee members. Electronic text (79 p. : col. ill.) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed Sept. 16, 2008. Includes bibliographical references (p. 38-42).
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Finkler, Lirene. "HIV/AIDS e relacionamentos conjugais". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/4157.
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Dificuldades na prevenção do HIV/AIDS em relacionamentos heterossexuais estáveis recomendam estudos deslocando o foco do individual para o interacional. Entrevistou-se 15 casais heterossexuais, que realizaram conjuntamente testagem voluntária em serviço de saúde pública. Foram realizados dois estudos: o Estudo 1 explora aspectos da motivação para a realização da testagem sorológica, conhecimentos sobre HIV/AIDS e susceptibilidade percebida; o Estudo 2 descreve e analisa práticas preventivas adotadas nos períodos anterior e posterior à testagem para HIV. Os dados foram analisados através de procedimentos qualitativo-fenomenológicos: descrição qualitativa, análise indutiva ou temática e análise crítica ou interpretação. Os resultados indicam que padrões relacionais entre gêneros e dificuldade na relação conjugal influenciam a vivência da suscetibilidade de infecção e a adoção de práticas preventivas. Os riscos de infecção são negados ou desvalorizados, mesmo em casais sorodiscordantes, por dificuldades com o tema sexualidade e por padrões de comportamento de gênero: homens expõem-se a risco para afirmar sua masculinidade; mulheres para manter relacionamentos afetivos. Implicações para prevenção são discutidas, destacando a importância do desenvolvimento de intervenções com ambos os cônjuges que levem em conta dinâmicas dos relacionamentos e formas de comunicação necessárias para construção e manutenção de comportamentos preventivos.
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Saunders, Jane Noreen. "Neuropsychiatric features of HIV/AIDS". Doctoral thesis, University of Cape Town, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11107.
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Includes bibliographical references (p. 197-229).The central hypothesis of this thesis was that HIV psychosis and mania are overlapping manifestations of the neuropathophysiological consequences of HIV characterized by symptoms suggestive of sub-acute delirium and cognitive impairment. It was also hypothesised that HIV-associated mania and psychosis are AIDS-defining features and should be indications for antiretroviral treatment.
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Nnajiofor, Chinyere Fidelia. "HIV/AIDS-Related Stigma and Discrimination Toward Women Living With HIV/AIDS in Enugu, Nigeria". Thesis, Walden University, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10143549.
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HIV/AIDS-related stigma and discrimination (S&D), lack of social support, poverty, and gender inequalities have been identified as factors in the increased prevalence rate of HIV transmission in Enugu, Nigeria, especially among women ages 15 to 49 years. Despite the funding of reduction programs, HIV/AIDS-related S&D remain a major driving force in the increased rate of new HIV cases in Enugu. This study addressed a perceived need for behavioral change intervention approaches that span all societal factors to reduce the HIV infection rate in Enugu Nigeria. The study was guided by Goffman’s (1963) social S&D theory. The sample was composed of 132 women living with HIV/AIDS WLWHA ages 21 to 54 years, purposefully sampled from the 4 HIV and AIDS comprehensive initiatives care centers in Enugu, Nigeria. Fifteen WLWHA were interviewed and 114 participated in an online survey. The descriptive statistics and a multiple linear regression analysis and comparison revealed a convergent significant relationship between the S&D determinants (social, political, psychological, environmental, and cultural) and HIV/AIDS-related S&D towards WLWHA in Enugu F (4,109) = 45.09, p <.001). It also revealed that the cultural determinant of S&D was a significant predictor of HIV/AIDS-related S&D towards WLWHA in Enugu (? = 0.81, p < 0.001). The implications for positive social change include providing public health professionals evidence-based data to inform policy change, plan and to implement programs that will change societal attitudes and mobilize broad-based community actions to eradicate HIV/AIDS–related S&D toward WLWHA in Enugu, Nigeria, and in Sub-Saharan African Countries.
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Mlobeli, Regina. "HIV/AIDS Stigma: an investigation into the perspectives and expereinces of people living with HIV/AIDS". Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_6069_1189595852.
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People's attitudes towards people living with HIV/AIDS remain a major community challenge. There is a need to generate a climate of understanding, compassion and dignity in which people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) will be able to voluntarily disclose their status and receive the support and respect all people deserve. However, many people expereince discrimination because they have HIV/AIDS. In a certain area in Khayelitsha, a township in Cape Town, a young woman was killed after disclosing the HIV status after being raped by five men. While many previous studies have focused on the external stigma in the general population, there is a dearth of studies on stigma among PLWHA themselves and hence the aim of the present study was to investigate stigma attached to HIV/AIDS from the perspective of PLWHA.
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Fagerberg, Ebba. "HIV/AIDS-politik i Sydafrika : En innehållsanalys av de tre nationella strategiska planerna för HIV/AIDS". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19885.
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Cardey, Sarah. "Integrated approaches to HIV/AIDS communication : Taking a vulnerability perspective towards HIV/AIDS in development communications". Thesis, University of Reading, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529975.
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Cullen, Christine. "Understanding misperceptions about HIV and AIDS". Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2006. http://thesis.haverford.edu/154/01/2006CullenCEconomics.pdf.
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Baricca, Ana Maria. "Vivendo e crescento com HIV/Aids". Sao Paulo : [s.n.], 2005. http://10.188.1.43/lildbi/docsonline/0/3/130-Tese%5FCCD%5FBaricca,%5FAna%5FMaria%5F2005.PDF.
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Roberts, Marguerite. "HIV/AIDS in the lesbian community". Connect to resource, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/28391.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2007.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 24 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 22-24). Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Services, School of Native Human. ""HIV/AIDS: Issues within Aboriginal Populations"". School of Native Human Services, 2003. http://142.51.24.159/dspace/handle/10219/439.
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Eze, Jude Ikechukwu. "Modelling HIV/AIDS epidemic in Nigeria". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2009. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/642/.
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Nigeria is one of the countries most affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic, third only to India and South Africa. With about 10% of the global HIV/AIDS cases estimated to be in the country, the public health and socio-economic implications are enormous. This thesis has two broad aims: the first is to develop statistical models which adequately describe the spatial distribution of the Nigerian HIV/AIDS epidemic and its associated ecological risk factors; the second, to develop models that could reconstruct the HIV incidence curve, obtain an estimate of the hidden HIV/AIDS population and a short term projection for AIDS incidence and a measure of precision of the estimates. To achieve these objectives, we first examined data from various sources and selected three sets of data based on national coverage and minimal reporting delay. The data sets are the outcome of the National HIV/AIDS Sentinel Surveillance Survey conducted in 1999, 2001, 2003 and 2005 by the Federal Ministry of Health; the outcome of the survey of 1057 health and laboratory facilities conducted by the Nigerian Institute of Medical Research in 2000; and case by case HIV screening data collected from an HIV/AIDS centre of excellence. A thorough review of methods used by WHO/UNAIDS to produce estimates of the Nigerian HIV/AIDS scenario was carried out. The Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) currently being used for modelling the epidemic partitions the population into at-risk, not-at-risk and infected sub-populations. It also requires some parameter input representing the force of infection and behaviour or high risk adjustment parameter. It may be difficult to precisely ascertain the size of these population groups and parameters in countries as large and diverse as Nigeria. Also, the accuracy of vital rates used in the EPP and Spectrum program is doubtful. Literature on ordinary back-calculation, nonparametric back-calculation, and modified back-calculation methods was reviewed in detail. Also, an indepth review of disease mapping techniques including multilevel models and geostatistical methods was conducted. The existence of spatial clusters was investigated using cluster analysis and some measure of spatial autocorrelation (Moran I and Geary c coefficients, semivariogram and kriging) applied to the National HIV/AIDS Surveillance data. Results revealed the existence of spatial clusters with significant positive spatial autocorrelation coefficients that tended to get stronger as the epidemic developed through time. GAM and local regression fit on the data revealed spatial trends on the north-south and east - west axis. Analysis of hierarchical, spatial and ecological factor effects on the geographical variation of HIV prevalence using variance component and spatial multilevel models was performed using restricted maximum likelihood implemented in R and empirical and full Bayesian methods in WinBUGS. Results confirmed significant spatial effects and some ecological factors were significant in explaining the variation. Also, variation due to various levels of aggregation was prominent. Estimates of cumulative HIV infection in Nigeria were obtained from both parametric and nonparametric back-calculation methods. Step and spline functions were assumed for the HIV infection curve in the parametric case. Parameter estimates obtained using 3-step and 4-step models were similar but the standard errors of these parameters were higher in the 4-step model. Estimates obtained using linear, quadratic, cubic and natural splines differed and also depended on the number and positions of the knots. Cumulative HIV infection estimates obtained using the step function models were comparable with those obtained using nonparametric back-calculation methods. Estimates from nonparametric back-calculation were obtained using the EMS algorithm. The modified nonparametric back-calculation method makes use of HIV data instead of the AIDS incidence data that are used in parametric and ordinary nonparametric back-calculation methods. In this approach, the hazard of undergoing HIV test is different for routine and symptom-related tests. The constant hazard of routine testing and the proportionality coefficient of symptom-related tests were estimated from the data and incorporated into the HIV induction distribution function. Estimates of HIV prevalence differ widely (about three times higher) from those obtained using parametric and ordinary nonparametric back-calculation methods. Nonparametric bootstrap procedure was used to obtain point-wise confidence interval and the uncertainty in estimating or predicting precisely the most recent incidence of AIDS or HIV infection was noticeable in the models but greater when AIDS data was used in the back-projection model. Analysis of case by case HIV screening data indicate that of 33349 patients who attended the HIV laboratory of a centre of excellence for the treatment of HIV/AIDS between October 2000 and August 2006, 7646 (23%) were HIV positive with females constituting about 61% of the positive cases. The bulk of infection was found in patients aged 15-49 years, about 86 percent of infected females and 78 percent of males were in this age group. Attendance at the laboratory and the proportion of HIV positive tests witnessed a remarkable increase when screening became free of charge. Logistic regression analysis indicated a 3-way interaction between time period, age and sex. Removing the effect of time by stratifying by time period left 2-way interactions between age and sex. A Correction factor for underreporting was ascertained by studying attendance at the laboratory facility over two time periods defined by the cost of HIV screening. Estimates of HIV prevalence obtained from corrected data using the modified nonparametric back-calculation are comparable with UN estimates obtained by a different method. The Nigerian HIV/AIDS pandemic is made up of multiple epidemics spatially located in different parts of the country with most of them having the potential of being sustained into the future given information on some risk factors. It is hoped that the findings of this research will be a ready tool in the hands of policy makers in the formulation of policy and design of programs to combat the epidemic in the country. Access to data on HIV/AIDS are highly restricted in the country and this hampers more in-depth modelling of the epidemic. Subject to data availability, we recommend that further work be done on the construction of stratification models based on sex, age and the geopolitical zones in order to estimate the infection intensity in each of the population groups. Uncertainties surrounding assumptions of infection intensity and incubation distribution can be minimized using Bayesian methods in back-projection.
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Brailsford, Sally Caroline. "Modelling for HIV infection and AIDS". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358459.
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Matthew, I. G., e I. C. Sandra. "Prevalence of HIV/AIDS in Nigeria". Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/32301.
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Nigeria has the second highest number of people living with HIV in the world. Since 1986 when the first case of the Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) was reported in Nigeria, the disease has grown to epidemic proportions with the prevalence of its causative agent - the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) being observed to be steadily rising since the early days of the epidemic. Therefore it is important to talk about the prevalence of HIV infection in Nigeria.
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20
Mapekula, Luyanda Rita. "Psychological explanations in HIV/AIDS counselling". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13486.
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Bibliography: leaves 75-77.This research investigated the extent to which explanations of the aetiology, course, treatment, and prognosis of Human Immuno-Deficiency Virus (HIV) and Acquired Immuno-Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS) are shared or differ between African health workers (counsellors) and their African clients who are affected. Medical anthropology and constructionist theory provided theoretical frameworks to explore the significance and meaning of explanations as well as implications for counselling objectives. A qualitative methodology, drawn from theoretical models which emphasize the cultural construction of explanations of disease, was used. Findings suggest that counsellors' explanations are medical and objective with passive notions of bodily processes, while clients' explanations reflect subjective, personal experiences with the condition attributed to active human agency, supernatural and natural powers. Both counsellors and clients use personal characteristics, social stereotypes and people's actions as determinants for infection. The findings suggest that clients use these to empower themselves in order to cope with the disease, while counsellors use them to assert their power both over clients and in the health care systems; and thus contribute to obstacles in counselling. Suggestions for addressing issues in HIV/AIDS counselling and recommendations for future research in this area are included.
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Mugira, Fredrick. "PERFORMING ARTS FOR HIV/AIDS COMMUNICATION". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Institutionen för konst, kultur och kommunikation (K3), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21060.
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Basing on drama theory, social learning theory and activation theory of information exposure among others, this thesis set out to explore the effectiveness of live drama as a communication tool for raising young people’s awareness about HIV/AIDS and to draw conclusions in terms of strength and weakness. This thesis used a case study of DramAidE organization in KwaZulu Natal province of South Africa which has since 1992 been using participatory drama and other interactive educational methodologies to control the spread of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in especially KwaZulu Natal province which has the highest HIV prevalence rate in the country. Data collection methods ranging from in-depth interviews, focus group discussions, E-mail interviews, real life case studies, direct observations to desk reviews were employed to collect data. The findings depicted live drama as a creative, interactive and fun way to raise young people’s awareness about HIV/AIDS. It was found out that Live Drama is participatory, uses both word and emotion and combines entertainment to educate and communicate highly sensitive information. This makes it an ideal communication tool that easily attracts the young people’s attention, helps them to personalize the risk of HIV/AIDS and participate in finding their solutions to this problem. On the other hand, it was discovered that though live drama is highly effective in raising young people’s awareness about HIV/AIDS, it is disadvantageous because its performance might be limited due to the facilities, bad weather and the environment. Development of drama and preparation of performance takes long time, it is expensive to buy costumes and live drama might cause the audience to try to practice some of the bad ideas they watch.
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Ncube, Vincent Frank. "HIV/AIDS in rural Tonga culture". Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53068.
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Although HIV and AIDS has become a common phenomenon in Zimbabwe and the world over, it still remains a bone of contention for many people with regards to its spread and consequences. Thirty-five years has gone by since the advent of HIV and AIDS in Zimbabwe. A number of factors, such as unprotected sex; handling of AIDS patients without proper and adequate facilities; and the usage of used needles have been accused of influencing the spread of HIV and AIDS in some parts of Zimbabwe. However, factors influencing the spread of HIV and AIDS among the Tonga females are different from what has been said concerning other parts of country .Factors such as cultural practices which are oppressive to females are responsible for fuelling the spread of AIDS pandemic among the Tonga females. In view of this, the study is therefore meant to examine the validity of the claim which presupposes that those cultural practices such as polygamy; marrying of a spouse whose husband is believed to have died of AIDS; child marriage among others, as responsible for the spread of HIV and AIDS among the Tonga females. It is also the study s aim to validate or falsify the assumption that the Tonga females are more vulnerable to HIV and AIDS than their male counterparts. Since the study seeks to establish the plight of the Tonga females of the Pashu community in the context of HIV and AIDS, about 98% of the respondents or participants are females. The reason for this is to maximise a female voice. In other words, more females were interviewed than males. The gathered data during interviews had been analysed. The study findings confirmed the assumed problem of the Tonga females suffering from HIV and AIDS due to the mentioned factors. Presumably the subsequent consequences of HIV and AIDS have necessitated a pastoral oversight to the afflicted females. In some cases, family relationships are broken. Some witchcraft accusations have also caused hatred among some family members. Seemingly pain and suffering in this case has superseded joy. These findings have influenced a recommendation that a further study on specific cultural practices mentioned above be pursued. The study has revealed and addressed the issues affecting the Tonga females in the context of HIV and AIDS.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2015.
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Practical Theology
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Santos, Ninalva de Andrade. "Representações sociais de mulheres que vivem com o HIV/aids sobre aids, HIV e cuidado de enfermagem". de Enfermagem, 2013. http://repositorio.ufba.br/ri/handle/ri/15112.
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A investigação baseia-se no pressuposto de que o cuidado de enfermagem às mulheres que vivem com o HIV/aids, em unidade ambulatorial especializada, contribui para o enfrentamento da infecção/doença. Trata-se de pesquisa quantiqualitativa fundamentada na Teoria das Representações Sociais, com os objetivos de analisar o conteúdo das representações sobre o cuidado de enfermagem e apreender as Representações Sociais de mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids sobre aids e HIV. Após aprovação do projeto pelo CEP/UFBA foram investigadas, entre julho a dezembro de 2012, 50 mulheres que vivem com o HIV/ aids, cadastradas em unidades ambulatoriais especializadas, situadas em Salvador-BA. A produção dos dados se deu pela aplicação do Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras e da entrevista. O material produzido foi submetido ao processamento, pelo software Tri- Deux-Most, e através da Análise Fatorial de Correspondência evidenciadas as representações de medo, morte, doença maldita, incurável, discriminação, tratamento, magreza e grupos de risco para os estímulos indutores HIV e aids. O conteúdo das entrevistas foi analisado pela técnica de Análise de Conteúdo Temática. A articulação entre as informações através das duas técnicas resultou na elaboração das categorias temáticas: 1. A importância da informação para a prevenção do HIV/ aids e o enfrentamento da infecção/doença; 2. Repercussões da discriminação social no cotidiano das pessoas que vivem com o HIV/ aids; 3. O (des)cuidar de enfermagem para o enfrentamento da infecção pelo HIV/ aids. Os dados revelaram: insegurança pela maioria das participantes quanto ao conhecimento sobre o agravo; impacto diante da revelação da soropositividade com manifestações de emoções negativas; situações de violência institucional cometidas por profissionais de saúde; invisibilidade do cuidado de enfermagem em unidade ambulatorial; pouca visibilidade para ações de cuidado de enfermagem, inclusive a divulgação de informações; discriminação dificulta o enfrentamento da infecção/doença; lacuna entre o cuidado de enfermagem idealizado pelas participantes e a práxis do cuidar realizado por estes profissionais. As representações do grupo estudado sobre o HIV/ aids evidenciam a necessidade de redirecionamento da prática de enfermagem pautada no princípio da humanização da assistência, visando ao atendimento das especificidades de cada cliente, de acordo com a realidade do serviço e da comunidade. Ademais, fica evidente a necessidade da implementação das ações educativas buscando contribuir para a ressignificação das representações que a clientela possui sobre a infecção pelo HIV/ aids.
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Gathua, Virginia Wangũi. ""Virusi-ukimwi": HIV-AIDS in Kenya - gender differences in the experiences of youth living with HIV-AIDS". Diss., University of Iowa, 2014. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6577.
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The purpose of this qualitative study was to examine the gender differences in the experiences of Kenyan youth living with HIV-AIDS and their decisions in relation to the disease in Kenya. There is need for counselors, educators, related professionals, and other stakeholders to have knowledge and awareness of the gender differences in the experiences of youth living with HIV-AIDS and their decisions in relation to the disease. To capture the distinctive meanings each youth has assigned to his or her experiences and decisions related to the disease, the study used a qualitative Interpretative Phenomenological Approach (IPA). Four focus group interviews were conducted with 33 18-24 year old Kenyan youth (17 female and 16 male) who were living with HIV-AIDS. The youth receive HIV-AIDS support services in the Thika and Kiambu District/County Hospitals' HIV-AIDS Comprehensive Care Centers (CCCs) in Kenya. Five main themes emerged from data analysis including: (a) Self-Portraiture as Youth; (b) Reactions to a Positive HIV-AIDS Diagnosis; (c) HIV-AIDS Contraction Context; (d) Day-to-day Life While HIV-AIDS Positive; and (e) Sexual Behavior While HIV-AIDS Positive - Prevention. Implications for theory, research, and practice are suggested.
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Steinberg, Tara C. "Predictors of Hiv-related Neurocognitive Impairment in an Hiv/aids Population". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2012. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc149667/.
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Although, in the United States HIV infectivity has increased, survival rates have also improved due to highly active antiretroviral therapies (HAART). Adherence to HAART successfully prevents the progression of AIDS and AIDS-related morbidity for many living with HIV. Unfortunately, HAART’s permeability into the central nervous system (CNS) is limited; thus, the prevalence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) still persists. The health belief model (HBM) is the theory often used to explain and predict behavior in relation to chronic illness. This model incorporates perceptions of susceptibility, vulnerability, and severity towards a particular illness, and beliefs regarding perceived efficacy and benefits of treatment. This study expands the existing model. Many who live with HIV have a long history of negative experiences, such as stigmatization, traumatic events, and discrimination. I examined supplementary psychosocial and physiological predictor variables, such as stigma, trauma, ethnicity, general medical conditions, HIV-opportunistic infections, and falls; all relevant to disease progression in HIV. Previous researchers found links between stigma and immune function, trauma and memory, ethnicity and neuropsychological impairment, and symptom load and CNS-related alterations. Therefore, this study examined how these different psychosocial predictor variables are associated with HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. My model explained 38.6% of the variance in the outcome variable, and I found that trauma (B = -.15, OR = .87; CI 95% = .75, 1.0, p = .05), ethnicity (B = 2.2, OR = 9.0, CI 95% = 1.68, 48.48, p =.01), general medical conditions (B = .30, OR = 1.34; CI 95% = 1.0, 1.81, p = .05), and falls (B = 2.0, OR = 7.2; CI 95% = 1.1, 47.0, p = .04), were all significant predictors of HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. However, contrary to my hypothesis, HIV-related opportunistic infections and HIV-related stigma were not significant predictors of HIV-related neurocognitive impairment. I hope that my results will contribute to revisions of older health models as well as suggest avenues for primary and secondary prevention and intervention to address those living with HIV/AIDS.
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Schaller, Isabelle. "The Impacts of HIV/AIDS on Political Systems How HIV/AIDS Affects the Consolidating Democracies of Southern Africa /". St. Gallen, 2006. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/00641464001/$FILE/00641464001.pdf.
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Castellana, Mariella. "The links on HIV and AIDS, an examination of the construction of HIV and AIDS in the Link". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0001/MQ43629.pdf.
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Moss, Andrew. "An investigation of anxiety about HIV/AIDS and its effects in the assimilation of HIV/AIDS-related information". Thesis, Bangor University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367313.
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Nascimento, Ana Júlia Rodrigues do. "Envelhecer com HIV/AIDS : um estudo sobre a proliferação de HIV/AIDS em mulheres na cidade de Goiânia". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2014. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/22073.
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Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Intituto de Ciências Sociais, Departamento de Sociologia, 2015.Submitted by Fernanda Percia França (fernandafranca@bce.unb.br) on 2016-09-15T22:03:42Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016_AnaJúliaRodriguesdoNascimento.pdf: 4215982 bytes, checksum: 78658c43e9a2a66f8160c9dd18b935cd (MD5)
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A partir de observações empíricas e dados estatísticos divulgados pelo Ministério da Saúde, pela mídia e trabalhos acadêmicos na área da saúde e das ciências sociais, sabe-se que o número de mulheres infectadas pelo vírus HIV e doentes de AIDS aumentou consideravelmente no Brasil nos últimos anos. As causas do aumento são instigantes e motivaram o desenvolvimento dessa tese, que investiga o aumento dos índices de contaminação de mulheres na faixa etária a partir dos 35 anos, na cidade de Goiânia (Goiás). Esta tese sustenta a hipótese de que as mudanças na sexualidade feminina - a desvinculação do sexo do fator reprodutivo, as conquistas feministas, a liberdade sexual das mulheres – e, em contrapartida, a falta significativa de informação desse segmento sobre a necessidade do uso de métodos preservativos, principalmente porque mulher não era considerada população de risco e não fez parte de sua cultura. A utilização de métodos preservativos veio a ocorrer mais tarde, uma vez que a elas cabia apenas o sexo para reprodução, sobretudo com um parceiro fixo, o marido ou o companheiro. A invisibilidade das doenças sexualmente transmissíveis - situações causais paradoxais que culminaram no aumento da contaminação do grupo de mulheres na faixa etária a partir dos 35 anos não era considerada prioridade. Além desses fatores, evidenciaram-se outros, tais como o machismo, a ampliação do uso de medicamentos para manter a ereção masculina e a falta de negociação das mulheres com seus parceiros, cônjuges, maridos, namorados e companheiros sobre o uso de preservativos, visto que a mulher não tem pleno controle sobre seu corpo. Consequentemente, não parece caber a ela o poder de decidir ou de afirmar sua vontade de usar o preservativo, principalmente quando de relações mais longas e duradouras. Esses argumentos reforçam que o feminismo e a liberdade sexual conscientes não ocorreu de forma equivalente em todos os segmentos de mulheres. É nesse contexto que a pesquisa empírica se realiza. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
From empirical observations and statistical data from the Ministry of Health, the media and academic works in health and social sciences, it is known that the number of HIV-infected and AIDS patient’s women has increased considerably in Brazil in the past years. The causes of the increase are thought-provoking and motivators to the development of this thesis, which investigates the increase in contamination rates of women aged from 35 years in Goiânia (Goiás). This thesis supports the hypothesis that changes in female sexuality - the disassociation of sex from reproduction factor, feminist achievements, sexual freedom of women, in contrast of a significant lack of information of this segment on the need to use condoms methods, mainly because women were not considered at-risk population and so the condom use was not part of their culture. Condom use methods came later for them, since it was up to them just sex for reproduction, especially with a steady partner, husband or companion. The invisibility of sexually transmitted diseases - paradoxical causal situations that resulted in increased contamination of the group of women aged from 35 years was not considered a priority. In addition to these factors others came out - such as male chauvinism, increased use of drugs to keep the male erection and lack of women negotiation with their partners, spouses , husbands , boyfriends and partners about using condoms, since women do not have full control over their body. Thus, the power to decide or to affirm her willingness to use condoms does not seem to fit her, especially when she is involved in a longer lasting relationship. These arguments reinforce that the conscious feminism and sexual freedom did not occur equivalently in all women segments. It is in this context that empirical research is done. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMEN
A partir de observaciones empíricas y de datos estadísticos del Ministerio de Salud, de los medios de comunicación y del trabajo académico en las ciencias sociales y de la salud, se sabe que el número de mujeres infectadas por el VIH y los enfermos de SIDA, aumentaron considerablemente en Brasil en los últimos años. Las causas del aumento son instigadoras y motivan el desarrollo de esta tesis, que investiga el aumento de las tasas de contaminación de las mujeres con edades comprendidas entre 35 años en Goiânia (Goiás). Esta tesis se apoya en la hipótesis de que los cambios en la sexualidad femenina - la disociación del sexo del factor de reproducción, los logros feministas, la libertad sexual de las mujeres, en contraparte, una importante falta de información de este segmento sobre la necesidad de utilizar métodos de condones, principalmente porque las mujeres no eran consideradas en situación de riesgo de la población, no hicieron parte de su cultura. Métodos de uso del preservativo llegaron más tarde, ya que a ellas cabía sólo el sexo para la reproducción, sobre todo con un par estable, esposo o pareja. La invisibilidad de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual - situaciones paradójicas causales que dieron como resultado el aumento de la contaminación del grupo de mujeres con edades a partir de 35 años, no se consideró una prioridad. Además de estos factores, se demostró que otros factores - como el machismo, el mayor uso de medicamentos para mantener la erección masculina y la falta de negociación das mujeres con sus parejas, esposos, novios y socios sobre el uso de condones, ya que las mujeres no tienen un control total sobre su cuerpo. Por lo tanto, no parece caber a ella el poder de decidir o de afirmar su voluntad de utilizar los preservativos, especialmente cuando las relaciones son más largas y perdurables. Estos argumentos refuerzan que el feminismo consciente y la libertad sexual no se producen de forma equivalente en todos los segmentos de las mujeres. Es en este contexto que la investigación empírica se hace. _________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMÉ
A partir des observations empiriques et statistiques diffusées par le Ministère de la Santé, par le médias et les recherche scientifiques des études de la santé et des sciences sociales, on sait que le numero des femmes contaminées par le vírus HIV et les malades du SIDA, ont agrandi considerablement au Brésil dans les dernières anées. Les motifs de l’agrandissement sont curieux et encouragent le dévélopment de cette thèse, qui propose à investiguer le croissance des indices de contamination des femmes dans l’agê a partir de 35 ans, dans la ville de Goiânia (Goiás). Cette thèse est construite selon l’hypothèse que les changements dans la sexualité feminine – la dissociation entre sexe et le facteur de reproduction, les réalisations feministes, la liberté sexuelle des femmes, par contre, le manque significatif d’information de c'est segment sur la necessité d’usage des méthodes de prevention, principalement parce que les femmes n’ont été consideré comme population de risque, donc la prevention n'ai fait pas parti de leur culture. L’utilisation des méthodes de prévéntion ont commencé quelques annés plus tard, car la fonction des femmes était de faire sexe pour reproduire, avec une unique personne, quelle soit un mari ou un copain. L’invisibilité des maladies sexuellement transmissibles – situations paradoxales qu’ont culminé dans le croissance de la contamination du groupe de femmes dans l’age a partir de 35 ans, n’ont été pas consideré comme priorité. Autres facteurs que peut être souligné sont le machisme, l’ampliation d’usage des médicaments pour maintenir l’erection des hommes et le manque de negociation des femmes avec ses partenaires, copains, maris, petits-amis, sur l’usage Du préservatif, alors que les femmes n’ont pas le controle sur ses propres corps. Selon ses déclarations, la decision de pouvoir decider sur l’usage du preservatif ne semble pas un droit des femmes, surtout dans les relations qui durent plus longtemps. Ces arguments renforcent que le feminisme et la liberté sexuelle n’ont pas occur de la meme façon dans tous les segments des femmes. C’est dans ce contexte que la recherche scientifique se realise.
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Meintjes-Moakes, Ingrid. "Caring from the margins: Community HIV/AIDS care work as social reproduction in the era of HIV/AIDS". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11944.
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Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references.
I come to my research interest through experiences as an activist, holding firm to the belief that community HIV/AIDS care work is profoundly deprivational for the women who do it. With a commitment to feminist research, I was interested in exploring what care work meant for gender equality and commensurate development consequences. Employing the theoretical framework of feminist development economics, I adopted a qualitiative methodology to explore my interests in women community HIV/AIDS care workers' experiences. Feminist epistemology holds that all in the study terrain have epistemic agency, and as such I was interested in making meaning of care workers' own representations of their experiences, and what their representations could mean for theorising about care work as a new form of social reproduction, situated in the specific space of the HIV/AIDS epidemic in South Africa.
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Rohleder, Poul Andrew. "HIV/AIDS and disability : an exploration of organizations' responses to HIV/AIDS as it affects people with disabilities". Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019/897.
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Watanuki, Fernando. "Manifestações orais associadas ao HIV após 30 anos de epidemia no Brasil". Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/23/23141/tde-01042011-125002/.
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A epidemia de HIV/AIDS, que sofreu grandes mudanças em seus padrões clínicos e epidemiológicos, atingiu neste século sua estabilidade. Durante estes 30 anos os profissionais de saúde aprenderam muito sobre a doença e hoje esse aprendizado reflete-se em maior eficiência no diagnóstico e no tratamento da infecção pelo vírus e de suas manifestações oportunistas. As lesões orais associadas ao HIV são motivo de estudo desde os primeiros relatos da doença no início dos anos 80, e foram relacionadas ao sexo, idade, naturalidade, forma de exposição ao vírus e a padrões virológicos e imunológicos. Mas a pressão exercida pelas mudanças das características demográficas da epidemia sobre as manifestações bucais oportunistas do HIV não foi levada em consideração. A estabilidade da epidemia e o amadurecimento do conhecimento proporcionam um terreno propício para a avaliação da real prevalência dessas manifestações. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo verificar como está este panorama no Brasil. Cento e quatro pacientes HIV+ em início de TARV foram avaliados clinicamente, e foram colhidos dados demográficos e exames laboratoriais, além da execução de sialometria e índice CPO-D. A população avaliada foi predominantemente masculina (78,8%) com média de 37,8 anos de idade. A via de transmissão do HIV foi sexual, sendo 57,7% através do sexo homo/bissexual e 38,4% com sexo heterossexual. 52,9 % souberam de sua soropositividade a menos de um ano. O CD4 médio foi de 223 céls/mm³ e a CV de 121.400 cópias/ml. As lesões extraorais foram diagnosticadas em 10,6% dos pacientes, sendo as hiperpigmentações de pele e mucosa (9,6%) e o aumento de glândulas salivares (0,96%) as lesões mais encontradas. A candidíase oral (49%) e a leucoplasia pilosa (41,3%) foram as lesões intraorais mais prevalentes. A xerostomia foi queixa de 46,6% e a hipossalivação foi diagnosticada em 18% e 48% dos pacientes, dependendo da metodologia utilizada para avaliação. O índice CPOD foi de 14,4, considerado alto pela OMS. A presença de lesões orais, candidíase e leucoplasia pilosa foram associadas à baixa imunidade e a presença de lesões orais e candidíase a cargas virais altas. A hipossalivação, avaliada através do fluxo salivar estimulado e representando principalmente a saliva da parótida, foi relacionado com níveis de CD8 alterados. Comparado com a literatura revisada, a prevalência de lesões orais associadas ao HIV apresenta-se alterada neste estudo, principalmente pela ausência de diagnóstico de neoplasias malignas e baixa prevalência de outras lesões orais associadas à aids.HIV/AIDS epidemic, which has undergone major changes in their clinical and epidemiological patterns, in this century reached its stability. During these 30 years, much has been learned about the disease by health care professionals and nowadays, all this knowledge is reflected in greater efficiency in the diagnosis and treatment of virus infection and its opportunistic manifestations. HIV oral related lesions have been studied since the first reports of the disease in the earlies 80\'s, and were related to gender, age, place of birth, route of virus exposure, and virological and imunological patterns. Demographic changes of the disease over oral HIV opportunistic diseases have not been taken into consideration. The stability of epidemics and maturing of knowledge provide a fertile ground for the evaluation of the real prevalence of these manifestations. This research aims to verify this scenario in Brazil. A hundred and four HIV+ patients starting HAART were evaluated clinically, and demographic data and laboratory tests were collected, in addition to performing sialometry and DMFT index. The population was predominantly male (78,8%), average of 37,8 years old. The route of HIV transmission was sexual, 57,7% through homo/bisexual sex, and heterosexual sex, with 38,4%. 52,9% knew their HIV sero status to less than one year. The average CD4 was 223 cell/mm3 and CV of 121,400 copies/ml. Extra oral lesions were observed in 10,6% of patients, the skin and mucosal hyperpigmentation (9,6%) and enlargement of salivary glands (0,96%) were the lesions diagnosed. Oral candidiasis (49%) and oral hairy leukoplakia (41,3%) were the most prevalent intraoral lesions. Xerostomia was a complaining of 46,6% and hyposalivation was diagnosed in 18% and 48% of patients, depending on the methodology applied. The DMFT index was 14,4, considered high by WHO. Oral lesions, oral candidiasis and oral hairy leukoplakia were associated to low immunity and high viral load levels. Hyposalivation, evaluated by stimulated salivary flow (mainly, representing the saliva produced by parotid gland) was associated with altered levels of CD8. Compared to reviewed literature, oral lesions prevalence was considered altered in this research, notably the lack of diagnosis of malignant neoplasias and low prevalence of other lesions associated with aids. .
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Mamaila, Tshifhiwa. "Community-based care for HIV/AIDS orphans". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2005. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-01312006-092356.
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Groth, Carolina, e RoseMarie Johansson. "Sjuksköterskors bemötande av homosexuella med HIV/AIDS". Thesis, University West, Department of Nursing, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hv:diva-957.
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Lehmann, Elke. "HIV/AIDS und die Rolle der Medien". Diss., lmu, 2003. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-11067.
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Beeka, Hershilla A. "Resilience in HIV/AIDS' adolescent headed families". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/922.
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HIV/AIDS has presented humanity with various challenges, one of which is the manner in which it has affected family structure and patterns. Parental illness and eventual death due to the HIV/AIDS pandemic is escalating. One of the major challenges of HIV/AIDS in southern Africa is the increase in the number of orphaned and vulnerable children. As a result new family forms are emerging such as the "skip-generation" family in which children or adolescent siblings head the family. It is anticipated that HIV/AIDS in South Africa will progressively increase the number of such families. During this time of profound family change, the family as an institution has remained remarkably resilient. The present study utilised the Family Resilience Framework and the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation to explore and describe the resilience of HIV/AIDS’ adolescent headed families. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research design, which was assessed against Guba’s (1985) model of trustworthiness, was employed and the participants were sampled using non-probability purposive sampling. The Masizakhe Community Project volunteers (an AIDS Community Project in Kwazakhele, Port Elizabeth receiving support from the iThemba AIDS Foundation) assisted in identifying participants according to the predetermined inclusion criteria. The sample consisted of four female, adolescent heads of HIV/AIDS’ affected households, who volunteered at the Masizakhe Community Project and resided in Kwazakhele. The data that was collected via audio-recorded semi structured interviews were transcribed verbatim and subjected to Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis. Family resilience factors that emerged included intrafamilial strengths (family cohesion, organisation, hardiness, and adaptability); social support resources (especially from the community project, friends, and community members); family appraisal processes; and problem solving and coping strategies. Extended family support was partial and largely financial. The findings from this study provided insights into the resilience of adolescent-headed families; provided guidance for the development of intervention programmes to assist these families; and affirmed the existing strengths of the families. Furthermore, it has contributed to the research and literature on family resilience and formed the foundation for future research projects.
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Alexander, Veronica C. J. "HIV/AIDS and condom use in Alberta". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ59707.pdf.
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Åhrlin, Sofie, e Anna-Maria Ekqvist. "HIV/AIDS : Kunskap och attityder hos sjuksköterskor". Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för hälso- och vårdvetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-15732.
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Syfte: Att beskriva sjuksköterskors kunskap och attityder gentemot patienter som lever med HIV eller AIDS samt beskriva eventuella skillnader i kunskap och attityder mellan yngre och äldre sjuksköterskor. Metod: Föreliggande empiriska studie hade en kvantitativ ansats med en beskrivande jämförande design. Urvalsmetoden var ett bekvämlighetsurval där totalt 63 sjuksköterskor deltog och enkäter skickades ut till nio avdelningar på tre olika sjukhus. Resultat: Majoriteten av sjuksköterskorna hade god kunskap om HIV och AIDS, positiva attityder samt en vilja att vårda denna patientgrupp. En del av sjuksköterskorna uttryckte dock en rädsla för att smittas av HIV, ett behov av mer utbildning och negativa attityder gentemot vissa specifika grupper med sjukdomen. Yngre sjuksköterskor hade positivare attityder än äldre då det fanns en signifikant skillnad i attityder mellan dessa åldersgrupper. Slutsats: Trots att sjuksköterskorna hade god kunskap, positiva attityder och en vilja att vårda denna patientgrupp förelåg en rädsla att bli smittad av HIV och därför behövs mer utbildning om HIV och AIDS för sjuksköterskor. Yngre sjuksköterskor hade även positivare attityder än äldre. Vidare forskning bör även genomföras då få studier belyser detta område i Sverige.Aim: To describe nurses knowledge and attitudes towards patients who are living with HIV or AIDS and to describe potential differences in knowledge and attitudes between younger and older nurses. Method: The present empirical study had a quantitative approach with a descriptive comparative design. The sampling method was a convenience sample in which a total of 63 nurses participated and questionnaires were sent to nine divisions in three different hospitals. Results: The majority of the nurses had good knowledge of HIV and AIDS, positive attitudes and a willingness to care for this group of patients. Some of the nurses, however, expressed a fear of contracting HIV, a need for more education and negative attitudes towards specific groups with the disease. There was a significant difference in attitudes between age groups, the younger nurses had a more positive attitude than the older nurses. Conclusion: Although the nurses had good knowledge, positive attitudes and a willingness to care for this group of patients, there was a fear of contracting HIV and therefore more education about HIV and AIDS is needed for nurses. Younger nurses had more positive attitudes than older nurses. Further research is also needed since just a few studies illustrate this in Sweden.
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Pitman, Richard James. "HIV diversity and the pathogenesis of AIDS". Thesis, Imperial College London, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.321764.
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Dodds, Catherine. "Responsibility and HIV/AIDS : a sociological investigation". Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/1235/.
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This thesis offers an analysis of how conceptions of responsibility have affected social responses to HIV/AIDS. The central premise of this work is that how responsibility for the disease is presumed has a determining impact upon policy and individual reactions to the epidemic. This in turn influence the spread of the disease. This thesis also addresses how AIDS and its associated meanings provides and necessitates new ways of understanding social relations of responsibility. I begin with a theoretical exploration of dominant perspectives on responsibility through the development of two analytical categories: responsibility as freedom and responsibility as control. The first of these represents those approaches to responsibility that regard it as the condition that makes individual freedom possible. The second views all notions of responsibility as an inherently restrictive means of individual self-disciplining which only serves to protect the status-quo. In the successive case studies on health promotion materials, I-IIV testing policy and the criminalisation of HIV transmission, I develop a detailed analysis of the embeddedness of individual responsibility as promoted by the responsibility as freedom model, and of the accompanying critiques of those individualised approaches that some from the responsibility as control model. I then explore and alternative form of apprehending responsibility that transcends this abrupt dichotomy between freedom and control. Using the example of the 1 3th International AIDS Conference at Durban, I elaborate an intersubjective model of responsibility. In this framework, I propose an understanding of responsibility founded on social relations and the interconnectedness of social actors. This position also acknowledges the political struggles inevitably involved in attempts to bring about change, struggles which involve individuals, civil society, organisations and states.
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Sharpstone, Daniel Robert. "Weight loss in HIV infection and AIDS". Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362340.
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Cardoso, Luciana Ventura. "Epidemiologia; HIV-1; AIDS; enteroparasitos; HAART; Brasil". Faculdade de Medicina de São José do Rio Preto, 2011. http://bdtd.famerp.br/handle/tede/102.
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Previous issue date: 2011-06-22Was described the epidemiology of intestinal parasites in patients from an AIDS reference service in the northeastern São Paulo, Brazil Retrospective evaluation of all HIV-1/AIDS positive patients whose Hospital de Base/São José do Rio Preto laboratorial analysis was positive for enteroparasites after diagnosis of HIV-1 infection, from January 1998 to December 2008. Statistical analysis was performed using version 2.4.1 statistical software R. The level of significance adopted was 5%. The most frequent protozoan was Isospora belli (4.20%), followed by Giardia lamblia (3.5%), Entamoeba coli (2.80%) and Cryptosporidium parvum (0.28%). The Ancylostoma duodenale was the most helminths frequently detected (1.40%), while Taenia saginata and Strongiloides stercoralis were found in 0.7% of the samples. Results showed that diarrhea was significantly associated with giardiasis and isosporiasis. However, no association was observed between CD4+ cell counts, viral load and the characteristic of any particular parasite. Our data may serve as a starting point for further comparisons with various Brazilian regions and other developing countries. The data may provide important clues to the future understanding, prevention and control of enteric parasites around the world.
Foi descrita a epidemiologia de enteroparasitoses em pacientes de um serviço de referência de AIDS no noroeste paulista, Brasil. Durante o período de janeiro de 1998 a dezembro de 2008 foi realizado este estudo retrospectivo por meio da análise dos prontuários dos pacientes diagnosticados com HIV-1/AIDS atendidos no Ambulatório de Doenças Infecto-parasitárias do Hospital de Base, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas usando a versão 2.4.1 do software estatístico R. O nível de significância adotado foi de 5%. O protozoário mais frequente foi o Isospora belli (4,20%), seguido da Giardia lamblia (3,5%), Entamoeba coli (2,80%) e Criptosporidium parvum (0,28%). O Ancylostoma duodenalis foi o helminto mais detectado (1,40%), enquanto que a Taenia saginata e o Strongiloides stercoralis foram observados em 0,7% das amostras. Os resultados mostraram que a diarreia foi significativamente associada com giardíase e isosporíase. Entretanto, nenhuma associação foi observada entre as contagens de células T CD4+, carga viral e a característica de qualquer parasito em particular. Nossos dados podem servir como ponto de partida para futuras comparações em diversas regiões do Brasil e outros países em desenvolvimento. Os dados obtidos podem direcionar futuras investigações importantes para o entendimento, prevenção e controle de enteroparasitoses no paciente com AIDS em todo o mundo. Palavras Chave: Epidemiologia, HIV-1, AIDS, enteroparasitos, HAART, Brasil.
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Brown, Janet L. "HIV/AIDS alienation : between prejudice and acceptance". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/5491.
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Thesis (DTh (Practical Theology and Missiology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This dissertation aimed to ascertain, in a practical theological way, how to bridge the gulf between the congregation and the AIDS community using home based care as the vehicle of change. The initial hypotheses of the research were based upon a model initially developed by World Vision in Nkhotakota, Malawi. The research question, which the study address, is as follows: 1. Can the negative attitudes, prejudices and behaviours which are held and demonstrated by many in the church towards those suffering with HIV/AIDS, be changed by using deliberate attempts to alter their perspective of this pandemic by providing accurate information, in juxtaposition with the demonstration of Christ’s love and compassion to this community? 2. In conjunction to this first question comes a second: Can the compassionate outreach of the church, as it follows Christ’s mandate to love change the perspective of those in the HIV/AIDS community so that instead of viewing the church (as a whole) as cold and unloving, their perception will change with the demonstration of such love and compassion by its membership that they begin to see the church as a source of hope and love? To describe the contextual situation in which this study takes place, the historical background concerning the church’s response to the issue of the HIV/AIDS pandemic was explored in chapter two. The third chapter discusses the cultural paradigmatic focuses, unique to the African situation, with attention to the role in the church as it seeks to comply with its mandated mission. Chapter four then examines the cultural practices found, specifically in the Malawian context, that promote the spread and transmission of the HIV/AIDS virus amongst the Chewa people and the surrounding tribes. Over and against the identified traditional practices and their interrelationship with the worldviews of the people of Malawi, chapter five focuses on the practical theological implications of the church seeing to find identity in Christ. The ramifications of the praxis process regarding this hermeneutic, in consideration with the response of the Church as it seeks to reflect the character of the God, as represented primarily by the attribute of love towards those who are suffering from being infected or affected by this disease are explored in this chapter. It deals with the theological ramifications concerning the faith community as it represents the body of Christ by providing eschatological hope to this suffering world. The remaining chapters describe the methodology and praxis process utilizing the research hypothesis developed from the Nkhotakota model. Final conclusions were then drawn in order to provide understanding as to how to obediently participate in God’s witness to the world as the faith community addresses the problem of the HIV/AIDS pandemic in very poor areas in Malawi. Although the initial optimistic goals of this research were not met as anticipated, essential discoveries that illuminate the faulty paradigms associated with critical issues such as the effects of abject poverty were exposed. Difficulties that were initially considered secondary to the main thrust of this research, whose complexities are generally misunderstood by the western paradigm came to light as the praxis process unfolded. Attempts to sidestep stark issues such as poverty, in order to address the ‘real’ issues under study served to highlight these problems as their magnitude forced their recognition and consideration. This research has exposed is the necessity for further exploration into the intricate ramifications of issues such poverty by demonstrating the unfortunate fact that for those struggling to survive at the lowest levels of Maslow’s hierarchy, the luxury of benevolent service is simply not possible. For these, there is no other issue but survival. Calling on these sufferers to act as ‘the church’ when their need is so dire is not only unrealistic, it borders on sacrilege.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis beoog om op ‘n prakties-teologiese wyse vas te stel hoe om die kloof tussen ‘n gemeente en ‘n Vigs-gemeenskap te oorbrug met tuisversorging as medium van verandering. Die aanvanklike hipoteses van die navorsing is gebaseer op ‘n model wat oorspronklik deur World Vision by Nkhotakota, Malawi, ontwikkel is. Die navorsingsvraag waarop dié studie gerig word, is die volgende: 1. Kan die negatiewe houding, vooroordele en optrede van baie kerklidmate teenoor MIV/Viglyers verander word deur die gebruik van doelgerigte pogings om hul siening van hierdie pandemie te wysig deur die verskaffing van die korrekte inligting, tesame met blyke van Christus se liefde en medelye aan hierdie gemeenskap? 2. Tesame met hierdie eerste vraag, volg ‘n tweede. Kan die kerk se deernisvolle uitreik, met die betoning en uitvoer van Christus se opdrag om liefde te gee, die siening van mense in die MIV/Vigs gemeenskap só wysig dat, in plaas dat hulle die kerk (as ‘n geheel) ervaar as koud en liefdeloos, hulle hierdie begrip wysig deur die lidmate se betoning van dié liefde en deernis, dat hulle begin om die kerk te beskou as ‘n bron van hoop en liefde? Die beskrywing van die kontekstuele situasie waarin hierdie studie plaasvind, sowel as die historiese agtergrond ten opsigte van die kerk se respons tot die vraagstuk van die MIV/Vigs pandemie, is in hoofstuk twee ondersoek. Die derde hoofstuk bespreek die kulturele paradigmatiese fokusse, uniek aan toestande in Afrika. Dit gee aandag aan die rol van die kerk in sy doelwit om sy sendingmandaat uit te voer. Hoofstuk vier ondersoek die kulturele praktyke wat, spesifiek in die Malawiese konteks, die verspreiding en transmissie van die MIV/Vigs virus onder die Chewa bevolking en omliggende stamme bevorder. Bo en behalwe die geïdentifiseerde tradisionele praktyke en hul betrekking op die Malawiërs se lewens- en wêreldbeskouing, fokus hoofstuk vyf op die prakties-teologiese implikasies van die liefdesgebod. Die uitgangspunt van die hoofstuk is dat die kerk in haar uitreik tot hulle wat ly, iets van die (liefde) karakter van God moet weerspieël. Die praxis proses het dus liefde as hermeneutiese sleutel. Teologies gesproke moet die geloofsgemeenskap, as die liggaam van Christus, eskatologies hoop aan hierdie lydende wêreld verskaf. Die res van die hoofstukke beskryf die metodologie, proses en navorsingshipotese wat ontwikkel is uit die Nkhotakota model. Die finale gevolgtrekkings spreek die probleem aan van hoe om die MIV/Vigs pandemie onder mense wat in uiters arm stedelike areas in Malawi woon, aan te spreek en ‘n Christelike getuienis te lewer. Al is die aanvanklike optimistiese doelwitte van hierdie navorsing deels bereik, is wesenlike ontdekkings gemaak wat die foutiewe paradigmas in verband met kritieke vraagstukke, soos die invloed van volslae armoede, blootgelê. Probleme wat aanvanklik sekondêr beskou is tot die hoofmikpunt van die navorsing het aan die lig gekom in die navorsingsproses. Dit was duidelik dat die ingrype in die gemeenskap die vervreemding tussen die kerk en vigslyers positief verander het. Veel meer waardering en aanvaarding het ontwikkel. Maar: die kompleksiteit van die probleem word in die algemeen deur die westerse paradigma oppervlakkig verstaan. Die navorsing het bepaalde implikasies van armoede en blootgelê. Vir mense wat op die laagste vlakke van Maslow se behoeftes-rangorde ‘n stryd het om te bestaan, is die luukse van vrywillige diens aan ander eenvoudig nie moontlik nie. Vir hulle is een saak oorheersend: oorlewing. Om vanuit ‘n lewe vol sekuriteite hierdie armes op te roep om op te tree as onbetaalde dienswerkers, terwyl hul eie nood so groot is, is nie net onrealisties nie, maar ongevoelig.
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Bark, Emelie, e Sarah Magnusson. "Att leva med HIV/AIDS i Norden". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för omvårdnad, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-30512.
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Bakgrund: Humant immunbristvirus, HIV, är ett virus som angriper kroppens immunsystem. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, utvecklas från HIV efter lång tid utan behandling. I samhället råder det okunskap och rädsla kring sjukdomen vilket skapar stigmatisering och diskriminering som dagligen påverkar de som lever med HIV/AIDS. Attityden mot HIV-smittade personer är hos många negativ. Det finns sjuksköterskor som inte vill behandla HIV-smittade på grund av rädsla och okunskap. Att få diagnosen är livsomställande och att handskas med det är inte lätt. Syfte: Syftet var att beskriva hur det är att leva med HIV/AIDS i Norden. Metod: Litteraturöversikten baserades på sex kvantitativa och sju kvalitativa artiklar för att få en fördjupad kunskap och en överblick över kunskapsläget för hur det är att leva med HIV/AIDS i Norden. Resultat: I resultatet framkommer det tre kategorier som tillsammans ger en överblick om hur det är att leva med HIV/AIDS. Dessa kategorier är; anpassning till ett nytt liv, hålla hemligt eller komma ut och begränsad sexualitet. Stigmatisering påverkade personernas syn på sig själva och deras beslut kring avslöjandet av sjukdomen. Slutsats: Personer som lever med HIV bemöts ofta med okunskap, fördomar och avståndstagande, därför är bemötandet avgörande. Litteraturöversikten bidrar med information och kunskap som senare kan användas av vårdpersonal för att få en djupare förståelse för personer som lever med HIV. Sjuksköterskan bör ha kunskap om HIV/AIDS för att på bästa sätt kunna ge god omvårdnad, då okunnighet och fördomar i samhället ansågs vara värre än själva sjukdomen.Nyckelord:Background: Human immunodeficiency virus, HIV, is a virus that attacks the immune system of the body. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, AIDS, develops from HIV if it is left untreated. There is a lack of knowledge and fear in the community, which creates stigmatization and discrimination towards the disease. This is affecting those who are living with it daily. The attitude towards HIV-infected individuals is negative. Some nurses are not willing to care for persons with HIV because of fear and lack of knowledge. The diagnosis alters the person’s previous life and to deal with the disease is not easy. Aim: The aim was to describe how it is to live with HIV/AIDS in the Nordic countries. Method: The literature review was based on six quantitative and seven qualitative articles chosen to get a deeper understanding and an overview of knowledge about how it is to live with HIV/AIDS in the Nordic countries. Result: The analysis resulted in three categories that together formed an overview of the life with HIV/AIDS. These categories are; adjusting to a new life, keep secret or come out and limited sexuality. Stigmatization affected the individuals’ view of themselves and their decisions concerning disclosure. Conclusion: People living with HIV are often countered with ignorance, prejudice and distance, therefore the encounter is important. The literature review contributes with information and knowledge that can be used by health professionals to receive a deeper understanding for people living with HIV. Nurses should have knowledge about HIV/AIDS to be able to provide good care. Lack of knowledge and prejudices in the community was considered worse than the disease itself.
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Costa-Couto, Maria Helena. "A vulnerabilidade da vida com HIV/AIDS". Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2007. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6473.
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Esta tese pretende contribuir para o desenvolvimento de respostas públicas rumo à diminuição do impacto do HIV/Aids nos campos, econômico, político e social tanto no nível coletivo quanto no individual. Discute aspectos téorico-conceituais das noções de risco e vulnerabilidade, mostrando que a atual aplicação e apropriação dessas noções na resposta à essa epidemia dificulta o reconhecimento dos problemas adicionais enfrentados após o diagnóstico. Apresenta as diversas formas de pobreza, desigualdade e exclusão a partir dos indicadores sociais comumente usados e respectivas lógicas construtivas. Questiona as afirmações recentes sobre a queda da desigualdade, da pobreza e da indigência no país; e considera que a desigualdade e a exclusão que afetam a população em geral é a mesma a afetar pessoas que vivem com HIV/Aids. Porém, aponta a existência de vulnerabilidade potencial, conceito desenvolvido nesta tese, na ausência de rede de suporte social. Para identificar e inferir sobre o que ocorre nas vidas das pessoas que vivem em situação de desigualdade ou exclusão após a infecção pelo HIV utiliza dados coletados em pesquisa de survey, discursos, estórias e memórias de casos reais da prática profissional desta autora. O objetivo desta tese é demonstrar que o conceito de vulnerabilidade aplicado após o diagnóstico é importante ferramenta para reconhecer e intervir sobre as dificuldades e problemas adicionais enfrentados. Ressalta a evolução da resposta brasileira à essa epidemia e demonstra as lacunas existentes como desafios a seu aperfeiçoamento. Conclui que o reconhecimento dos problemas adicionais após o diagnóstico e o uso do conceito de vulnerabilidade potencial abre novas possibilidades de enfrentamento do HIV/Aids e exige respostas públicas interligadas e intersetoriais.This thesis aims to contribute to the development of public responses geared towards the reduction of the impact of HIV/Aids in economic, political and social terms, as well as at the individual level. It discusses theoretic and conceptual aspects of different notions of risk and vulnerability, showing that the current application of such notions to the response to that epidemic makes it difficult to acknowledge the additional problems faced after the diagnosis is made. It presents the different forms of poverty, inequality and exclusion taking the social indicators usually employed and their respective constructive logics as a starting point. It brings into question the recent statements made on the decline of inequality, poverty and indigence in the country; and it considers that the inequality and exclusion faced by the population in general is the same that affects the people who live with HIV/Aids. It points out, though, to the presence of a potentiation of vulnerability in this group, in the absence of a social protection network. In order to identify an infer about what happens in the lives of the people who live in a situation of inequality or exclusion after the HIV infection the thesis uses data collected in a survey, discourses, stories and memories of real cases of the professional practice of the author. The goal of this thesis is to demonstrate that the concept of vulnerability applied after the diagnosis is an important tool to acknowledge and intervene on the additional difficulties and problems that are faced by people in that situation. The thesis stresses the evolution of the Brazilian response to that epidemic and demonstrates its existing gaps as challenges to its improvement. It finally concludes that acknowledging the problems faced after diagnosis and the utilization of the concept of potential vulnerability opens new possibilities to the fight against HIV/Aids and demands interconnected and intersectorial responses.
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Johansson, Martin, e William Söderstedt. "Sjuksköterskans möte med patienter med HIV/AIDS". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-67772.
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Павличева, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Павлычева, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Pavlycheva e Obiora Emeka. "Actuality of problemof HIV/AIDS in Nigeria". Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2010. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/6608.
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James, Amanda. "Employment Interventions for Consumers with HIV/AIDS". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc103335/.
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A systematic review of studies pertaining to employment interventions for consumers with HIV/AIDS was conducted in order to ascertain what programs and services have resulted in employment for people in this population. Research shows that programs specifically designed for individuals with HIV/AIDS have been beneficial for this population in regards to obtaining employment. This study discusses four employment interventions for people with HIV/AIDS including participation rates and employment outcome for program participants. A review of literature pertaining to employment interventions for individuals with HIV/AIDS is presented. Additionally, the systematic review methodology and results are presented. Finally, I discuss the results, limitations in regards to conducting the study, current research and recommendations for future research.
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Townsend, Loraine. "Decisions to care for HIV/AIDS orphans". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/8769.
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Bibliography: leaves 151-161.There is substantial evidence to indicate that South Africa is facing the prospect of a large number of children, now and in the future, who will be orphaned as a result of the HIV/AIDS pandemic. In all likelihood, these children would have experienced psychological trauma through the illness and death of people close to them, and the social isolation that accompanies HIV-infection and AIDS-related illness and death. The ideal would be for as many of these children as possible to experience some type of family life in which to grow and mature into responsible adults. The aim of the present study was to explore a range of factors that might influence prospective carers' decisions to care for children orphaned by HIV/AIDS. These include features of prospective carers; features of the orphaned child; and forms of assistance that may be required. By means of a postal survey, the present study explored existing adoptive and foster parents' (N=17S) willingness to care for an HIV/AIDS orphan. Results show that close to 69% of respondents indicated a willingness to care for an HIV/AIDS orphan. Although some differences were noted depending on the HIV status of the child and whether the respondent was an adoptive or foster parent, on the whole they also indicated a preferred willingness to care for an HIV-negative female child, up to the age of 6 years old, of the same culture and from the same family as themselves, and without surviving relatives or siblings. Free medical care and schooling for the child were the suggested forms of assistance required. The Theory of Planned Behaviour (Ajzen, 1991), explored in the present study, did predict intentions to care for either an HIV-negative or HIV-positive orphan. However, certain components of the models did not have good predictive ability calling into question the usefulness of the model as a means to explain and predict intention to care for an HIV/AIDS orphan. Implications of the study provide recommendations for persons involved with children orphaned by HIV/AIDS.
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Munala, Richard. "African pastoral care and HIV/AIDS disease". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1995. http://www.tren.com.
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