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Aldous, David E. "TREES OF THE HISTORIC BURNLEY GARDENS, MELBOURNE, AUSTRALIA". Arboricultural Journal 14, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1990): 61–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03071375.1990.9746827.
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Fekete, Albert, Máté Sárospataki e Szabolcs Vajda. "Technical aspects of the reconstruction of historic gardens". Progress in Agricultural Engineering Sciences 17, n.º 1 (8 de dezembro de 2021): 69–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/446.2021.00031.
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Abstract Built elements and structures are a prominent component of our historic gardens, both in terms of function and artistic composition and garden scenery. The surveys of historic garden structures are important research tasks, which also underpins and validates restoration work. In most cases, the neglected state of historic gardens and sites and the unavailable archival materials do not allow an authentic restoration of historic gardens to their original state. Nevertheless, there is a real need to reconstruct our historic gardens, based not only on historical authenticity but also on a systematic reinterpretation of the relationship between society and landscape. The objective of this article is to present a general methodology for renewal of historic gardens through examples of specific garden reconstructions. The case studies are the authors' own design works, which demonstrate the application of different design approaches, highlighting details of the reconstruction of specific built garden elements.
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Hristov, Dean, Nikola Naumov e Petia Petrova. "Interpretation in historic gardens: English Heritage perspective". Tourism Review 73, n.º 2 (14 de maio de 2018): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tr-04-2017-0067.
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PurposeThis paper aims to provide an exploratory investigation into contemporary interpretation methods used in historic gardens and their fundamental role in enhancing the visitor experience and sense of a place.Design/methodology/approachA series of semi-structured interviews (n= 65) with Wrest Park visitors – who had the opportunity to experience new interpretation methods provided on-site – have been carried out in an attempt to explore their sense of place through interpretation.FindingsThe research suggests that interpretation has a fundamental role to play in “telling the story” of historic gardens, with 92.5 per cent of the sample understanding elements of the place’s history, significance and evolution. The findings further suggest the presence of two distinct visitor typologies – history explorers and leisure seekers.Practical implicationsThe study provides implications for theory and practice and recommendations for historic garden practitioners.Originality/valueThe importance of conceptualising and operationalising interpretation in historic gardens has received relatively little attention across the extant body of heritage interpretation literature. English Heritage’s Wrest Park, which is amongst England’s most prominent historic gardens, is used as a case study.
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Samee, Saba. "The Historic Area of Misri Shah, Lahore". Journal of Research in Architecture and Planning 31, n.º 2 (25 de dezembro de 2021): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap3122021_3.
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The north eastern side of the historic city of Lahore was always prone to floods, an alluvial area of river Ravi, fertile but destructive. The Mughals built several walls as barriers for the waters of river Ravi, still the area never attracted a permanent settlement. During his reign, Maharaja Ranjit Singh ordered his nobles to plant grand gardens in this area. The land was fertile, water was in abundance and the area had a large number of sweet water wells. Soon the entire area was converted into flourishing walled gardens with numerous trees and grasslands. Nothing remains of these gardens, except some old Banyan, Peepal and Sumbal trees. Traces of the historicity of this area and the existence of these gardens now remain only in archival maps of Lahore. During my research at IAC, my team could identify only three main streets which coincided with the historic streets of this area, and a handful of old surviving trees. Taking these as reference points, we traced the shrines which were historically located within various gardens, usually in proximity of a well, and under old Bunyan trees. Once these references were marked on the current map, the overlaying of old archival maps became possible. This approach showed us the exact locations of the gardens, if they had existed. What we discovered was tragic. Once an area dominated by gardens, was now a scrap metal industry, and a tannery. The entire area became a victim of massive city expansion, inappropriate development schemes, sub-standard implementation and virtually no maintenance. Keywords: History, Misri Shah, Lahore
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Fekete, Albert, e Máté Sárospataki. "Baroque Gardens in Transylvania: A Historic Overview". Land 11, n.º 6 (20 de junho de 2022): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11060949.
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For over more than 20 years, Transylvanian ensembles, gardens and parks have been investigated, described and analysed by a research group from Hungary, led by Albert Fekete. The goal of this study of Transylvanian ensembles is to get background information, insight for developing a strategy for landscape preservation and development in the long run that comprises the cultural and historical values and the demands from society on what to do with them in the contemporary context. The goal of the article is to give an overview of what is already known and what could be done from the viewpoint of protection, planning and design. The research methods are mixed, but are largely based on the case study approach, supplemented by experimental design, fieldwork and research by design. The conclusion is that, given the state of what is left over from these historical artefacts, restoration in the strict sense will be impossible. This will be a major challenge for landscape architecture to take into account the historical values, integrate them with new functions and use and the recent demands of improving water management, energy transition and the creation of comfort and healthy living environments for people.
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Marcos, Carlos L., Antonio Gómez-Gil e Sergio García-Doménech. "Reflecting on eclecticism in garden heritage: The Monforte Gardens in Valencia as a case study". Liño 29, n.º 29 (3 de julho de 2023): 127–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.17811/li.29.2023.127-140.
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Precedent historic styles were analysed and recovered by historicist revisionism and revivalism during the nineteenth century. The lack of a style of its century lead to eclecticism, a trend that involved a merging of diverse ornamental repertories. Accordingly, eclectic garden design employed historic styles of different origins. As the cities grew, suburban gardens were integrated within the urban sprawl. The Monforte Gardens in Valencia represent a relevant case study characteristic of nineteenth century major garden design and development transformations. Most significant are the design resources and strategies introduced in the original design by Sebastián Monléon and, subsequently by Javier de Winthuysen as this research —including a thorough redrawing of the garden layout— gives evidence of. The Monforte Gardens represent an eclectic urban gardening design example in which the different parts maintain their independence without losing an overall unitary concept. Although traditionally considered neoclassical gardens, this research argues they should be properly considered as eclectic romantic gardens.
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Sim, Jean. "Queen's Parks in Queensland". Queensland Review 19, n.º 1 (junho de 2012): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2012.3.
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Queen's Park in Maryborough is one of many public gardens established in the nineteenth century in Queensland: in Brisbane, Ipswich, Toowoomba, Warwick, Rockhampton, Mackay, Townsville, Cairns and Cooktown. They were created primarily as places of horticultural experimentation, as well as for recreational purposes. They formed a local area network, with the Brisbane Botanic Garden and the Government Botanist, Walter Hill, at the centre – at least in the 1870s. From here, the links extended to other botanic gardens in Australia, and beyond Australia to the British colonial network managed through the Royal Botanic Gardens (RBG), Kew. It was an informal network, supplying a knowledge of basic economic botany that founded many tropical agricultural industries and also provided much-needed recreational, educational and inspirational opportunities for colonial newcomers and residents. The story of these parks, from the time when they were first set aside as public reserves by the government surveyors to the present day, is central to the history of urban planning in regional centres. This article provides a statewide overview together with a more in-depth examination of Maryborough's own historic Queen's Park.
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Garcia, Cecília Souza Gontijo, Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva, Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante Alves e Mariel De Carvalho Rafael Salgado. "Transformations in the gardens and landscapes of the historical Traituba’s Farm". Ornamental Horticulture 23, n.º 1 (24 de janeiro de 2017): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v23i1.953.
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The historic garden should be considered one that has cultural significance, being not only the squares and public gardens, but also its first manifests found in the form of orchard garden and vegetable garden in the historic farms of Brazil. Traituba’s Farm located in southern Minas Gerais, on the Royal Road route, is considered an important historical farm that emerged in the eighteenth century during the settlement process of this region. It was in the same period, that current rural landscape from southern Minas Gerais, composed of several other historic farms and the historic rural gardens began their formation process. The aim of this study was to conduct a historical and cultural rescue of the gardens and landscapes of the Traituba’s Farm. With this rescue, characterize and analyze their landscapes in their different ages, as well as identify and understand the main morphological changes of its gardens included in the architectural complex of the farm. This study focused on the period between 1725 and 2013. To trace the historical, cultural and landscape evolution, it was made researches through site visits, interviews, bibliographic and iconographic research, always following the principles of studies of historic gardens. Traituba’s Farm since its formation was always a region icon, because of its wealth, power and intense trade. Its landscapes have undergone many changes and are characterized initially as a pastoral model, then the bucolic and picturesque style, after the construction of the new farmhouse. With the decline of its activities, decades later the model that remained was the picturesque and pastoral as its origin. For a long time, its gardens were presented as orchards gardens and vegetable gardens with utilitarian characteristics, influenced by the Portuguese culture. Just in 1950s the front yard received a significant intervention and new species were planted where that the design can be seen until today. The significance of this paper is due to the historical value of the Traituba’s Farm, the magnificence of its architectural ensemble, peculiarity of gardens and landscapes, and great cultural representation in the region
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Fekete, Albert, e László Kollányi. "Research-Based Design Approaches in Historic Garden Renovation". Land 8, n.º 12 (12 de dezembro de 2019): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land8120192.
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The renewal of historic gardens, landscapes, and sites has grown to be a current issue in Central and Eastern Europe. Based on scientific research, the Department of Garden Art of the Szent István University, Faculty of Landscape Architecture and Urbanism has been dealing with landscape renewal since 1963 on regional, settlement, and garden scales, too. More than 50 years of experience has already proved the advantage of such a research-based design approach in garden and landscape renewal processes, Landscape Architecture has developed from a very practical basis. The purpose of this paper is to show the most significant conclusions of our historic garden research of castle gardens from the Carpathian Basin, focusing on the importance of visual connections designed initially on the sites. Using case studies, the paper intends to explore how proper landscape design in historic environments is achieved. The historical value cannot be simplified or understood as the notion of “old”, the heritage being represented by the all-time valuable garden features and elements, independent from their formation in time. In addition to the historical authenticity of the actual use, the social needs and sustainability are important aspects, which must be integrated into heritage protection and reclamation.
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Yu, Rongrong, Michael Ostwald e Ning Gu. "Mathematically defining and parametrically generating Traditional Chinese Private Gardens of the Suzhou Region and Style". Environment and Planning B: Urban Analytics and City Science 45, n.º 1 (25 de agosto de 2016): 44–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0265813516665361.
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The Traditional Chinese Private Garden is a historically and socially significant landscape type that features multiple complex planning elements. Whereas there are many different examples of Traditional Chinese Private Gardens, the small gardens of Suzhou make up a distinct subset. This paper describes a method for mathematically capturing and then parametrically generating, new instances of what might be called the small ‘Suzhou type’, which features some of the same social and cognitive spatial properties as the historic cases. The research commences with a mathematical analysis of three historic Suzhou Traditional Chinese Private Gardens before using connectivity graphs to investigate their properties. Mathematical measurements derived from the Traditional Chinese Private Gardens are then used as rules for a parametric system to generate new instances of the Suzhou type. In the paper, three new Suzhou type connectivity and spatio-typological systems are generated and tested against the properties of the historic cases. Through this process, the paper demonstrates a method for capturing distinct social and cognitive properties in a parametric system and thereby derives possible new insights into these important heritage sites. This method may also be applied to the analysis and generation of different spatial types.
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Funsten, Cassandra, Valeria Borsellino e Emanuele Schimmenti. "A Systematic Literature Review of Historic Garden Management and Its Economic Aspects". Sustainability 12, n.º 24 (21 de dezembro de 2020): 10679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410679.
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Historic gardens are important parts of humanity’s built heritage within the designed landscape, providing many environmental, economic and socio-cultural benefits. Management is a key part of their conservation, perhaps the most difficult because it is costly, must be continual, and requires a skilled workforce. This systematic review looks at the literature addressing historic garden management, with special attention regarding the social, economic and environmental aspects of sustainability. Academic studies on this subject come from many different disciplines, making it both stimulating and fragmented. It is now time to consolidate these interdisciplinary efforts into a clear vision, including a framework of key themes and research methods so as to better coordinate efforts and make the information and innovation generated more accessible to the garden managers “in the trenches”. With this aim, reviewed studies are classified according to 10 criteria: supply or demand orientation; management phase involved; primary sustainability processes addressed; geographic criteria; number of sites covered; policy documents referred to; kind of data collected; study methods employed; possibility of bias specifically regarding historic gardens; garden use. An analysis of these criteria shows that historic garden management literature focuses on describing the gardens themselves, with few studies interested in the people supporting them. Future research should follow recent policy documents’ lead and pay more attention to community value and involvement.
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Zhang, Wenhai, e Jiang Xin. "Green Spaces and the Spontaneous Renewal of Historic Neighborhoods: A Case Study of Beijing’s Dashilar Community". Sustainability 15, n.º 24 (5 de dezembro de 2023): 16566. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152416566.
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Renewal projects dealing with public spaces in Chinese historic neighborhoods were mainly dominated by government entities and experts, but their increasing commercialization and standardization did not fully meet the residents’ needs. In this context, resident-driven regeneration practices centered on small-scale gardening are becoming more popular as an alternative. However, few studies focused on the strengths and intentions of these informal gardens and the implications for the renewal of public space in historical communities. A case study was carried out in the Dashilar area, a historical community with numerous informal gardens. Specifically, resident-led community gardens were first sampled and investigated. Second, the components of these gardens were identified and classified with multiple indicators. Third, agglomerative hierarchical clustering was applied to distinguish the different types and the resident needs behind them, and two kinds of renewal projects were compared. The results show that the spontaneous actions and participation of residents, drawing on local knowledge, are critical to the popularity of informal community gardens among local residents, which is also supplementary to the current organizational mechanisms of public space renewal in historical communities. Our research is expected to enrich the research contents of urban green spaces and provide theoretical support for the sustainable development and renewal of historic neighborhoods.
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Khaskheli, Rabia, Zhang Weiping, Bhai Khan Shar e Hina Marvi. "REPRESENTATION IN MUGHAL ARCHITECTURE: A CONTEXTUAL ANALYSIS OF SHALIMAR GARDENS, LAHORE FORT GARDENS AND WAH GARDENS". Journal of Research in Architecture & Planning 32, n.º 2 (25 de dezembro de 2022): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.53700/jrap3222022_2.
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Mughals demonstrated their extraordinary talent for fusing local culture with Islamic thinking. In Asian culture and architectural design, water has long been a key element. Both the Mughal gardens and historic buildings make extensive use of water as an architectural element. On a scorching summer day, water not only provides aesthetic pleasure but also provides isolated cooling. This paper focuses on water as a design element used not merely to make the gardens along the famed Grand Truck Road in Lahore more beautiful, but also to analyse the technological benefits of water. According to design research methods, the water analysis of gardens combines fundamental and applied methodologies. The study in this investigation demonstrate that Mughals used water as a famous representation of their unwavering power to control the temperature as well as for aesthetic purposes by creating lakes, canals, springs, fountains and pools. Keywords: Shalimar Gardens, Lahore Fort Gardens, Wah Gardens, Water, Mughal Architecture
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Obad Šćitaroci, Mladen, Mara Marić e Mira Medović. "Perivoji Rijeke dubrovačke". Prostor 25, n.º 2(54) (31 de dezembro de 2017): 172–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.31522/p.25.2(54).1.
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Rijeka dubrovačka, the area west of Dubrovnik’s historic core, is widely known for its abundance of Renaissance villas and gardens. This article presents 50 gardens of summer villas, developed between the 14th and the late 19th century with the majority of them created during the 15th and 16th century. This research reveals their cultural, historical, architectural, spatial, and ambient value and helps to establish the criteria for their evaluation.
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Bailey-Tarbett, Leslee. "Becoming Historic: Unsettling Preservation as “Activism” in the Memphis Neighborhood of Central Gardens". Reconceptualizing Educational Research Methodology 11, n.º 1 (8 de maio de 2020): 41–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.7577/rerm.3853.
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Based on an interdisciplinary research course for graduate students, this paper describes a project that combines arts-based research, walking methodology, and posthuman theories to design a research-creation. The purpose of this assemblage of photographs, archived newsletters, online information, maps, and other materials is to aid in the suspension of linear thinking and offer a unique contribution to the discussion of what gaining “historic” status can do in a particular place/time. This paper describes how the neighborhood association, formed 50 years ago, had the primary mission to lobby for historic status in order to protect property values and prevent multi-dwelling homes and businesses from moving in. By embarking on a multisensory inquiry employing walking methodology, I demonstrate how this insular, exclusive, historic neighborhood continues to be entangled within the surrounding geographic areas, as well as within the socio-politico-and economic dimensions of the city.
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Sárospataki, Máté, Patrícia Szabó e Albert Fekete. "Future Role of Exotic Tree Species in Hungarian Built Heritage Environments". Land 11, n.º 7 (28 de junho de 2022): 984. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land11070984.
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Although some exotic tree species, new to the country at the time, had already been introduced at the turn of the 18th and 19th century in the Hungarian landscape gardens, using foreign tree species in the space composition became widely popular only from the second half of the 19th century. This research focused on determining the date of appearance and compositional role of exotic trees in Hungarian landscape gardens. We can still find aged exotic woody taxa which determine the historical spatial structure in numerous landscape gardens nowadays. The nationwide distribution of these species, and their location within the gardens, can be an important addition to the questions of the revitalization of historical gardens, the more so because they may be indicative of the climate adaptability and, therefore, resilience of built heritage environments. An experimental approach to the introduction and use of new exotic tree species in historic gardens where this approach can be proven to have existed is also discussed as an opportunity to use these gardens in search of new foreign taxa to adapt to climate change.
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Khalil, Ahsan, Nijah Akram, Muti ul haq, Dr Ayesha Mehmood Malik e Sheikh Husnain Asif. "TRACING THE ETHEREAL: EXPLORING AESTHETIC HERITAGE AND CULTURAL IDENTITY IN HISTORIC GARDENS - A CASE STUDY OF SHALIMAR GARDEN". Journal of Arts & Social Sciences 11, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2024): 37–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.46662/jass.v11i1.444.
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Mughal gardens are a prominent figure in the history of landscape architecture, serving as a symbol of artistic talent and horticultural genius. The Mughal gardens thrived throughout the Mughal Empire's rule in South Asia, and this dissertation investigates the profound philosophy that underpinned its design planting methods. The study explores the sociocultural factors that influenced Mughal gardening practices within the historical framework of that period. This study makes use of both primary and secondary sources to illuminate the main components of Mughal Garden design, including the widespread use of geometric patterns, water features, and the blending of architecture and landscape. A strong link between the gardens and the Mughal worldview is shown when the research additionally looks at the spiritual and metaphorical meanings connected to the fauna and plants selected for these gardens. Additionally, the study focuses on the cultivation practices used by Mughal horticulturists, showcasing their creative approaches to attaining a harmonic fusion of form and function. Mughal gardens are renowned for their overall visual effect, mostly due to the careful selection and placement of their flora. This dissertation tries to uncover the underlying plantation philosophy of Mughal gardens through a thorough investigation of historical records and garden ruins, highlighting the complex interactions between art, culture, and environment throughout this era. Modern landscape designers and hobbyists may take inspiration from the Mughal approach to horticulture and apply its timeless wisdom to contemporary gardening techniques by comprehending the fundamental ideas that guided the building of these gardens.
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Yu, Weijia. "Concept and Practice of Traditional Garden Heritage Conservation: A Report of 2020 Asia-Pacific Region Historic Buildings Protection and Restoration Technologies Senior Talent Seminar". Journal of Chinese Architecture and Urbanism 3, n.º 2 (21 de outubro de 2022): 220. http://dx.doi.org/10.36922/jcau.v3i2.220.
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In December 2020, the WHITRAP-Suzhou Branch jointed Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University that successfully held a 9-day “2020 Asia-Pacific Region Historic Buildings Protection and Restoration Technologies Senior Talent Seminar and Yangtze River Delta Region Classical Gardens Talent Seminar.” During the event, Chinese professors and overseas scholars gave a series of academic lectures in the on-off line interactive way to 30 trainees from all over China. Furthermore, through the field inspections and in-depth on-site workshops in classical Suzhou Gardens, the participants discussed the garden historiography and the meaning of landscape painting in the gardens, and summarized the skills and principles for rockery-making in the gardens. Moreover, the participants also presented the principles for garden heritage conservation. The Internet-of-Things-based method was introduced as an effective tool for monitoring the health of classical gardens. Although this training course was during the prevention and control of the COVID-19 Pandemic, it still demonstrated the promotion of the Yangtze River Delta region in heritage conservation, and provided a reference to the heritage training, promoting the Suzhou Gardens history research, and the interaction between historical research and heritage value.
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Aziz, Noha Abd El. "Historic Identity Transformation in Cultural Heritage Sites the Story of Orman Historical Garden in Cairo City, Egypt". Journal of Landscape Ecology 12, n.º 3 (1 de dezembro de 2019): 81–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jlecol-2019-0018.
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Abstract Historical gardens in Egypt witnessed and narrated not only stories of momentous events and influencing dignitaries, but also they hosted rare plants and astonishing architecture. Nowadays, such rich history is losing its identity, which is pragmatic to retain, especially with high rates of urbanization and globalization. Thus, this research focuses on the issue of place identity, as it investigates the impact of socio-economic, political, and spatial forces on formulating the identity of historic gardens in metropolitan cities. Additionally, the research addresses the debate between preserving the garden identity versus approving its evolving.. “Orman Garden” is selected, a historic botanical garden in Cairo City, Egypt, to examine the transformation of its identity starting from 1873 till 2019. Research methods include historical researches, a field survey, and interviews with the garden administration staff, current users, and users from old generations. Results declare that the socio-economic forces are the most profound forces behind identity reconfiguring / transformation. Furthermore, the study differentiated between components that were subjected to disfiguration or evolution. The research concludes with recommendations to conserve and revive the lost historical identity while facing current challenges and embracing new demands and trends.
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Xiang, Yu, e Wen Li. "Historic District Based on AHP Method to Evaluate the Effect of Landscape Transformation". Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (setembro de 2013): 715–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.715.
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AHP to study the effect of landscape transformation historic district evaluation weights, calculated after evaluation factor weights, namely authenticity W1 = 0.0349 suitability for the location W2 = 0.0646 characteristic W3 = 0.1095 diversity W4 = 0.1697 stability W5 = 0.1898 ornamental W6 = 0.2326 reachability W7 = 0.0726 stay of W8 = 0.0698 manageability W9 = 0.0565. The results show that people strong demand.on the landscape richness In Tianjin, a Palace Gardens Historic District, Tai'an Road garden and Center Garden historic districts as the research objects, respectively, in the Italian , French and English-style landscape tone, the effect on the transformation of the landscape evaluation is different. Comparative study to calculate the integrated combination of factors, respectively, indicating the historic district of palace garden landscape effects richer and the service is high. This evaluation method is applicable to historic district landscape analysis and evaluation, especially evaluation results can be used in a targeted manner historic district landscape design optimization scheme. Quantitative evaluation factors need to develop standards based on the application characteristics.
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Jagiełło, Marzanna. "Do We Need a New Florence Charter? The Importance of Authenticity for the Maintenance of Historic Gardens and Other Historic Greenery Layouts in the Context of Source Research (Past) and Taking into Account the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Idea (Future)". Sustainability 13, n.º 9 (27 de abril de 2021): 4900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13094900.
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This year, 40 years have passed since the adoption of the basic document for the protection of historic gardens, i.e., the Florence Charter. During this time, its recommendations have been verified by both conservation and researchers’ actions, who in various environments discussed its meaning as well as its essential shortcomings. Some of the provisions of the Charter were criticized in the context of the effects of their use, especially those relating to the issue of historic gardens fundamental protection, namely to authenticity in its various scopes with particular emphasis on the use of source research which raises many reservations for conservation actions. Moreover, their excessively superficial interpretation, which was demonstrated by the example of the most popular plant used in regular gardens, namely boxwood. This article presents and analyzes the most important theses of these discussions and the main axes of the dispute, dividing them into two parts, i.e., the first relating to authenticity and the other to the use of sources. On this basis, it was necessary to extend these considerations to all kinds of historic greenery. Attention was also paid to the meaning and scope of authenticity which changed along with the expansion of the semantic field in relation to heritage. Furthermore, the fact that since the adoption of the Florence Charter, some of the aspects of authenticity indicated in the article have been included in other documents developed under the auspices of ICOMOS, but usually relating to the heritage as a whole, sometimes considered regionally. Appendices contain the most important doctrinal documents referring separately to authenticity, meaning, as well as types and the scope of the usage of sources. This article presents new contexts in which authenticity connected with climate change and the postulates of the development doctrine should be considered. Additionally, the article indicates the need to extend the conditions in which to start considering the historical greenery areas, which should be treated as an element of green infrastructure. The article also points to the use of new techniques and tools in research on authenticity. The summary indicated the necessity to continue the discussion on aspects of authenticity in relation to historic greenery layouts. Taking into account all the above aspects and at the same time meeting the ICOMOS “Journeys for Authenticity” initiative, As part of the conclusions from the analyzes carried out in the article, a model of procedure was proposed. It aims to bring us closer to the preparation of a new document recommending the protection of historic greenery, addressing both critical comments about the present Florence Charta, as well as new challenges and opportunities. This model is shown by means of a diagram. Part of it is a set of themes around which around which the debate on the new Florence Charter could be launched. They were assigned to four panels, i.e., I. Historic greenery as an element of heritage: II. Authenticity of historic greenery complexes in research and conservation strategies; III. Authenticity of historic greenery complexes and sustainable development; IV. New techniques and tools in research on the authenticity of historic greenery layouts.
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Warren, Clive M. J., Peter Elliott e Jason Staines. "The impacts of historic districts on residential property land values in Australia". International Journal of Housing Markets and Analysis 10, n.º 1 (6 de fevereiro de 2017): 66–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhma-02-2016-0015.
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Purpose Focusing on the externality effects of historic districts, this paper aims to assess and compare the impact of historic district designation on the value of residential vacant land property. Design/methodology/approach Hedonic regression is used to analyze data from 4,233 residential vacant site transactions to measure the influence of historic district designation on the price of residential vacant site properties. Findings Results support established theory and research on other residential property types, showing a significant and positive relationship between designation in a historic district and property prices. Residential vacant sites located in a designated historic district sold at a 10-11 per cent premium compared to similar vacant sites not located in a historic district. Originality/value This is the first empirical study of the influence of historic districts on residential vacant land property. The paper extends limited previous literature on the externality effects of historic districts through detailed analysis of a large Australian housing market (Brisbane).
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Moreira Fontes, Millena. "An overlooked gem in Llandaff, Cardiff: Rookwood Hospital history and heritage significance". Concilium 23, n.º 2 (9 de fevereiro de 2023): 52–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.53660/clm-735-23a08.
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The purpose of this article is to register for the academic community the uncertain future of the historic site of the former family home, then rehabilitation house - Rookwood Hospital. The Rookwood Estate comprises a complex of buildings arranged in a 26 acres’ site, Grade II listed land located on Fairwater Rd, Llandaff, Cardiff. The buildings date from the 19th century to prefabricated wooden buildings from the 20th century. In addition, the Hospital Gardens are a CADW Register of Landscape Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales Grade II. The methodology consisted of a detailed desktop research and literature review in scientific databases, followed by documental research in the archives and repository of Glamorgan, in search of maps, drawing plans and photographs. Then, site visits were carried out to record the state of the buildings. All of these steps provided the basis for this article, which includes a historical appraisal, a study of the morphology of the complex and a visual record and description. Finally, considering its rich and complex history, this article aims to give visibility and raise awareness about the importance of Rookwood Hospital to the community of Llandaff.
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Yulianita, Ayang Risma, Tiara Puspanidra e Ratih Siti Aminah. "ANALISIS KUALITAS PENINGKATAN PELAYANAN MELALUI APLIKASI MOBILE JELAJAH KEBUN RAYA BOGOR". Jurnal Penelitian Sosial Ilmu Komunikasi 4, n.º 1 (2 de janeiro de 2020): 10–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33751/jpsik.v4i1.1807.
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Abstract Technology mobile application is utilized by the Bogor Botanical Gardens under Lembaga Ilmu Pengetahuan Indonesia (LIPI) as one of the attractions in the city of Bogor by designing an Android-based mobile application for visitors to the Bogor Botanical Gardens, called Jelajah Kebun Raya Bogor application. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using Kotler's theory of the quality dimensions of service delivery which includes physical evidence, empathy, reliability, quick response and assurance. The results of the research note that the application is designed to improve the quality of public services and to facilitate the visitors down the extent of the area of the Bogor Botanical Gardens. There are features on applications i.e., features information about the history of the plant and other historic buildings that are in the Bogor Botanical Garden to make it easy for visitors to get the information needed to facilitate navigation and features visitors exploring the vastness of the areas of the Bogor Botanical Gardens, content in the application is accurate and secure, in accordance with the needs of visitors, improve the renewal applications. Keywords: Service Improvement, Mobile Application, Jelajah Kebun Raya Bogor.
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Toor, Ramla, Saima Gulzar e Faiqa Khilat. "Condition Assessment: Identification of Threats and Review of Existing Structures of Wah Gardens for Prioritization of Treatment Recommendations". Journal of Art Architecture and Built Environment 3, n.º 1 (junho de 2020): 99–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.32350/jaabe.31.06.
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Wah Gardens’ historic fabric and physical environment including their cultural setting, buildings, water landscaped gardens, and artistic creations reflect the rich cultural heritage of the Mughal period. Wah Gardens that once depicted the prospects of regality and magnificence lie in ruins presently due to the climatic conditions, negligence of the concerned authorities and anthropogenic vandalism. These cultural assets are the physical evidence of the past. They carry a distinct and unforgettable image in the life of residents that needs to be preserved for future generations to give them their own sense of place and identity. The objective of this research is to identify the threats faced by this marvelous heritage site and review the condition of the heritage structures in order to preserve this cultural heritage resource for the future. Condition assessment and review was carried out to record the existing situation of the buildings as well as the surrounding landscape in order to develop appropriate recommendations for reviving the essence of this vibrant cultural heritage site. The prioritization of recommendations was formulated according to the condition assessment of the Wah Gardens.
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Bennett, Brett M. "Decolonization, Environmentalism and Nationalism in Australia and South Africa". Itinerario 41, n.º 1 (abril de 2017): 27–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0165115317000079.
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Decolonization influenced the rise of environmental activism and thought in Australia and South Africa in ways that have been overlooked by national histories of environmentalism and imperial histories of decolonization. Australia and South Africa’s political and cultural movement away from Britain and the Commonwealth during the 1960s is one important factor explaining why people in both countries created more, and more important, public indigenous botanic gardens than anywhere else in the world during that decade. Effective decolonization from Britain also influenced the rise of indigenous gardening and the growing popularity of native gardens at a critical period in gardening and environmental history. Most facets of contemporary gardening—using plants indigenous to the site or region, planting drought-tolerant species, and seeing gardens as sites to help conserve regional and national flora—can be dated to the 1960s and 1970s. The interpretation advanced here adds to historical research tracing how the former Commonwealth settler colonies experienced effective decolonization in the same era. This article expands the focus of research on decolonization to include environmentalism. The interpretation of the article also augments national environmental histories that have hitherto downplayed the influence of decolonization on the rise of environmentalism. Putting decolonization into the history of the rise of environmental thought and action sheds light on why people in contemporary Australia and South Africa are so passionate about protecting indigenous flora and fauna, and so worried about threats posed by non-native invasive species.
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Huyen, Nguyen Thai, e Orange Didier. "Community Approach for Public Flower Garden Renovation in Hanoi Center: Perspective for Building a Green City". Water 15, n.º 15 (27 de julho de 2023): 2712. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w15152712.
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Public gardens in urban areas play an important role in the development of physical and mental health of the people. These spaces are also social spaces, where people meet to interact, exchange, and organize collective activities. They create a unique identity for each residential area in the city, which is a premise for green urban development. In Hanoi, public flower gardens (PFGs) were formed and developed from the French colonial period, mainly those in the historic city centre. Facing the forceful urbanization process and the changing of urban structure, in order to evaluate the role of all public flower gardens in the historic city centre area, we carried out a systematic survey from 2019 to 2022. We surveyed all 30 PFGs in five central districts of Hanoi, and interviewed 229 users at these gardens. We also conducted research on relevant documents regarding the management and planning of green space and water infrastructure in the city. Moreover, we implemented an experimental workshop, combining an urban living lab (ULL) approach and an in situ landscape approach, to develop urban landscape design ideas with community participation. Based on the data from this research, this paper analyzes the potential for the establishment of urban blue-green infrastructure (BGI) from these PFGs and aims to evaluate the role of community participation in landscape design for the city. Data from multiple collection methods provide a multi-faceted understanding of the original characteristics of the PFGs in Hanoi and their importance in urban life. The project results supply experimental lessons from urban landscape design activities through community participation, which opens up the potential for developing sustainable urban spaces based on existing natural structures in the city. The main result proves that active community participation until the end of the research project raises public awareness and ensures the social acceptance of the final design. These lessons allow the improvement of urban landscape design practices and the establishment of BGIs from PFGs in an efficient and sustainable manner for green cities in the future.
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Ebrahimi, Ahad Nejad, Farnaz Nazarzadeh e Elnaz Nazarzadeh. "PERSIAN GARDENS IN COLD AND DRY CLIMATE: A CASE STUDY OF TABRIZ’S HISTORICAL GARDENS". International Journal of Architectural Research: ArchNet-IJAR 10, n.º 3 (28 de novembro de 2016): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.26687/archnet-ijar.v10i3.925.
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Throughout history, gardens and garden designing has been in the attention of Persian architects who had special expertise in the construction of gardens. The appearance of Islam and allegories of paradise taken from that in Koran and Saints’ sayings gave spirituality to garden construction. Climate conditions have also had an important role in this respect but little research has been done about it and most of the investigations have referred to spiritual aspects and forms of garden. The cold and dry climate that has enveloped parts of West and North West of Iran has many gardens with different forms and functions, which have not been paid much attention to by studies done so far. The aim of this paper is to identify the features and specifications of cold and dry climate gardens with an emphasis on Tabriz’s Gardens. Due to its natural and strategic situation, Tabriz has always been in the attention of governments throughout history; travellers and tourists have mentioned Tabriz as a city that has beautiful gardens. But, the earthquakes and wars have left no remains of those beautiful gardens. This investigation, by a comparative study of the climates in Iran and the effect of those climates on the formation of gardens and garden design, tries to identify the features and characteristics of gardens in cold and dry climate. The method of study is interpretive-historical on the basis of written documents and historic features and field study of existing gardens in this climate. The results show that, with respect to natural substrate, vegetation, the form of water supply, and the general form of the garden; gardens in dry and cold climate are different from gardens in other climates.
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Dimelli, Despina, e Areti Kotsoni. "The Reconstruction of Post-War Cities—Proposing Integrated Conservation Plans for Aleppo’s Reconstruction". Sustainability 15, n.º 6 (20 de março de 2023): 5472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15065472.
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The reconstruction of historic cities is a complicated challenge that has been faced using different principles diachronically. Historic cities that have suffered severe damage are areas that need to be replanned to preserve their urban characteristics and adjust to their residents’ needs. This paper aims to examine the principles of urban preservation according to the terms of Historic Urban Landscape (HUL) principles, which consider historic centers as living organisms that need to be adjusted to modern society’s needs. The examined case study is the historic center of Aleppo and its post-war reconstruction. The research focuses on the five physical elements below: the site’s morphology, geomorphology, and natural features; its built environment, historic or contemporary; its infrastructures; its open spaces and gardens; its land use patterns and “spatial organization”. It proposes policies and spatial forms for its reconstruction according to the HUL’s principles: more specifically, it proposes plans and strategies for the historic center’s regeneration in the fields of land uses, building regulations, transportation networks, and green public spaces, taking into account several factors: the inhabitants, the stakeholders, UNESCO’s regulations, and the cultural value of the built environment. Finally, it underlines the importance of community engagement for the city’s regeneration in terms of HUL.
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Juste, Luiza De Castro, e Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva. "Resgate histórico da praça da Basílica de Bom Jesus de Matosinhos em Congonhas, Minas Gerais". Ornamental Horticulture 21, n.º 1 (16 de abril de 2015): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/rbho.v21i1.777.
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The squares and gardens have always been constructed at the heart of cities, enshrining its history and giving place to the public and private events of the population. The historic gardens contribute to the memory and identity of a people, and can be considered as cultural heritage and living monument and therefore the importance of its preservation. These gardens are present in many localities, especially in the colonial towns of Minas Gerais, which have their roots in the incessant search for gold and the ways traced by the then Royal Road. Congonhas, a town that emerged from the gold exploration, and also from the faith of the portuguese, has enormous tourism potential. It´s history is marked by Aleijadinho masterpiece, which turned it into a World Heritage Site by UNESCO. This study had as objective to consider the importance of historic gardens, to study the historical-cultural evolution and landscape of the square of the Basílica Bom Jesus de Matosinhos with emphasis on morphological transformations of the space it occupied, and the social representations found. For this, it was made an exploratory research through site visits, interviews, and literature and iconographic searches. The gathering of the collected data allowed to organize them in the historical process of area occupation and enabled the identification of the main changes that occurred over time. There was no intention of occupying the square, either as a community space, whether as ornamentation until the 1920´s. The idea of beautifying the place came only with the arrival of the Redemptorist Priests in Congonhas in 1923. Since then, several forms were acquired through the garden, including a project by Roberto Burle Marx. The square has a religious purpose and does not load the design of most Brazilian squares as a place of social coexistence of the population or framework from political power.
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Hess, M., e C. Ferreyra. "RECORDING AND COMPARING HISTORIC GARDEN ARCHITECTURE. VALUE OF SLAM-BASED RECORDING FOR RESEARCH ON CULTURAL LANDSCAPES IN CONNECTION WITH HERITAGE CONSERVATION". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVI-M-1-2021 (28 de agosto de 2021): 301–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlvi-m-1-2021-301-2021.
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Abstract. The 3D-SLAM-based recording of historic gardens and architecture with the scope of geometric and quantitative analysis of typologies of garden architecture in the context of a designated cultural landscape will be presented. This will be illustrated by case studies of three baroque gardens of buildings belonging to the Cistercian order.The ‘Centre for Heritage Conservation studies and Technologies’ (KDWT) at the University of Bamberg is cooperating with the Cisterscapes project to deliver metric surveys, architectural comparison of the historic gardens as typical feature of the agricultural granges. The survey and research were conducted in autumn 2020 and 2021 in two granges in Franconia (Bavaria, Germany) as well as on the monastery of Ebrach.For the recording, SLAM technology, was the preference and a GeoSLAM ZEB Horizon was used. It is a solution using the data sequence acquired during motion for estimating the relative poses in real time. The case studies served not only to generate an accurate output to be explored in the Cistercian Cultural Heritage Project, but also as test of the instrumentation to ascertain best practices of the instrument. 3D digital documentation will contribute to the holistic understanding of garden plus architecture ensembles. 3D data analysis will be approached from an art-historical and architectural viewpoint, conclusions shall be drawn from interdisciplinary cooperation. This comparative research will serve to find similarities or differences and establish prototypical elements of these typical elements of Cistercian Cultural Landscape. The 3D records can also be used as basis for future monitoring and development of a new garden care concept taking heritage conservation into account. Heritage, in its many forms, is not only a representation of the past, but a connection or reconnection with a past that is active and alive in the present. It shapes and reshapes people’s sense of place, sense of belonging and cultural identities at the local and national level.
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Yang, C., Z. Wang, H. Zhou, Y. Wu, M. Du, Y. Zhu, L. Ming, H. Wu, J. Li e Z. Chen. "RESEARCH ON THE 3D DOCUMENTATION SYSTEM OF CLASSICAL CHINESE GARDENS IN SCENIC AREAS – TAKING KUNSHAN SUIYUAN AS AN EXAMPLE". International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLVIII-M-2-2023 (26 de junho de 2023): 1659–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlviii-m-2-2023-1659-2023.
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Abstract. Classical Chinese gardens built in scenic areas have characteristics in rich scales, multi-type elements, and a complex development history. Due to the designed landscape characteristics of "hidden the garden in bigger landscapes", it is often difficult to obtain high-quality heritage information through traditional surveying approaches. The aim of this research is to establish a digital 3D documentation technology system for the classical gardens in scenic areas. Suiyuan Garden, a classical Chinese garden with a history of more than 300 years, was used as a case study. We have integrated UAV low-altitude photogrammetry, handheld laser scanning, ground-mounted laser scanning, macro structured light scanning and other technologies to obtain the 3D data, and to build a digital twin by developing the technical workflow and data standard. The innovation of the research lies in: 1) We used a variety of digital mapping methods to record the pattern between the garden and the surrounding landscape; 2) We adopted a combination of handheld and ground-mounted laser scanning systems to build spatial structures and better cover the ground spaces; 3) We established a workflow for the conversion from point cloud to mesh model for different garden features, which can improve the usability of 3D heritage information; 4) We used the 3D cultural heritage modelling approach to improve the standards of the digital conservation of historic plants. The outcomes of this research could be used as the basis for the construction of Historic Landscape Information Model (HLIM) in the near future.
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Mahmoudi Farahani, Leila, Cecily Maller e Kath Phelan. "Private Gardens as Urban Greenspaces: Can They Compensate for Poor Greenspace Access in Lower Socioeconomic Neighbourhoods?" Landscape Online 59 (18 de maio de 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3097/lo.201859.
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The increasing process of urbanisation has major implications for the environment, biodiversity, and health and well-being of urban residents. Empirical evidence for urban greening benefits suggests that it is an appropriate planning and policy approach for tackling some of the problems associated with urbanisation, including biodiversity loss and heat island effects. Gardens on private residential lots represent a substantial proportion of greenspaces in low density cities with extensive suburban areas. Drawing on a qualitative study of residents in Sunshine North, Melbourne, Australia, this paper discusses three questions about the relationship of private gardens to public greenspaces:1) how does residents’ use of private gardens impact their use of other neighbourhood greenspaces;2) can private gardens address inequality of access to greenspaces in lower income neighbourhoods; and,3) what does this imply for planning and neighbourhood design?Contrary to previous research, the findings did not show a meaningful relationship between residents’ use of their gardens and local greenspaces, and further, that large yards and gardens do not substitute for poor access to local greenspaces. The paper concludes that policy makers and planners cannot assume private gardens and public greenspaces are interchangeable. While private gardens and local greenspaces can both provide positive benefits to residents, private gardens do not act as a substitute for local greenspaces in neighbourhoods of varying socio-economic status.
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Citra, Putri. "Timor Leste and Austrslia Historic Agreement on Maritme Borders in Timor Sea". IJLLE (International Journal of Law and Legal Ethics) 4, n.º 1 (28 de julho de 2023): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47701/ijlle.v4i1.2443.
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Maritime borders are an important issue for every country to protect including each territorial waters wealth. The issue of Timor Leste and Australia has become a big issue in the history of the International Court of Justice regarding the agreement of maritime boundaries in the Timor Sea. In this study, the author uses normative juridical research to discuss the Timor Sea agreement as the result between Timor Leste and Australia’s boundary about maritime borders and how Timor Leste gets 90% and Australia gets 10% of the total exploitation of oil and gas. This study also uses library research to complete the data. Both countries Timor Leste and Australia areas are beyond the authority of the authors. This analysis from the authors provides qualitative for future analysis or research.
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Hickman, Clare, e Sarah Bell. "Unlocking Landscapes Through Westonbirt’s Archive". Plant Perspectives 1, n.º 1 (15 de abril de 2024): 165–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3197/whppp.63845494909711.
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There are growing calls across research, policy and practice to enable historic designed landscape experiences – from country estate gardens through to public parks and arboretums – that are accessible and engaging for all. In this paper, we highlight how meaningful access reaches beyond measures to enable physical presence in a landscape to the ways in which such landscapes, and human-plant relationships, are storied and interpreted, ensuring that people can also identify as part of the evolving stories of such places. Using twentieth century archival sources, particularly the diaries of foresters, held on site at Westonbirt, the National Arboretum in Gloucestershire, UK, we suggest ways in which sensory history approaches can be used to bring greater depth, context and diversity to historic designed landscape interpretation. Applying these approaches to archival research offers the potential to broaden the stories shared about such landscapes, enabling people to learn about and relate to the varied social and sensory histories of these significant places, plants and the people that shaped them.
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Hunt, Shania, Jeremy Maher, Mohammad Shahidul Hasan Swapan e Atiq Zaman. "Street Verge in Transition: A Study of Community Drivers and Local Policy Setting for Urban Greening in Perth, Western Australia". Urban Science 6, n.º 1 (25 de fevereiro de 2022): 15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci6010015.
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The United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are regarded as the key policy agenda for national, regional, and local government to combat climate change impacts and promote sustainable development. For example, in Perth and Peel metropolitan area, the capital city of Western Australia, there has been a shift of policy setting from that of a sprawling city to a denser city, while maintaining and promoting its ecosystem services and achieving sustainable city goals. Residential verge gardens have been widely adopted in recent years by communities and local governments in the Perth metropolitan area. This study reviews the motivations and drivers for the uptake of verge gardens in metropolitan suburbs and identifies potential policy responses. The City of Bayswater local government area was surveyed for this research. The study considers a mixed-methods approach, including site auditing and a questionnaire survey for local residents who have transformed their verges. A total of 534 verge gardens were audited on residential lots, and 166 valid questionnaire responses were received from residents. The site-audit of the verge gardens in Bayswater found that native vegetation is the dominant verge garden of choice, followed by the ornamental garden, with food production (plants/vegetables) seeming to be the least popular option. Regarding the motivations and drivers, the study has found that social (e.g., aesthetics, flowers, social interactions, and social mimicry), environmental (e.g., attracting wildlife and birds and environmental practice waterwise garden), and personal (easy maintenance) drivers are the primary motivators for residents to adopt verge gardens. Whilst the on-ground surveys were prior to COVID-19, the article includes how this topic could relate to pandemic-resilient urban spaces. As local governments look towards supporting the sustainable outcome goals, the observations of this study will be helpful for developing local government policy and community programs in the promotion and uptake of verge gardens in Australian cities.
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Sherwani, Rummana Khan. "Technological Advancement in Mapping of Heritage by Using GIS (Mapping of Heritage: Preservation for the Future)". International Journal of System Modeling and Simulation 2, n.º 4 (29 de dezembro de 2017): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.24178/ijsms.2017.2.4.11.
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Lahore the historic city is expanding day by day. The urban expansion affected the heritage boundaries, results into shrinking and deteriorating the precious structures. The study aims to map the historic sites by looking into it the impacts of urban development through boundary delineation process. The pictorial journey elaborates how the precious heritage are being packed into haphazard containers of irregular boundaries, which vanished the beautiful impacts of Mughal gardens around the historic structures helplessly standing there to feel pity in them. In order to improve the effectiveness of preservation strategies the role of new digital technologies such as GIS has played their vital role in the building conservation strategies. This paper presents the results of a research developed as part of the research project conducted by the researcher in college of Art and Design, School of Architecture, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan. The aims of the study were to explore the implementation of GIS as a conservational specialist in the field of conservational management, to deal the various aspects facing while managing the Mughal sites widely spreading the study area in the 3-D environment and using the GIS analytical tools to determine the urban development impacts on historic buildings. This study fills the gap between the CAD and three dimensional environment and integrating GIS from scanned images of heritage sites or photogrammetric data to the library of parametric architectural objects of the historic buildings and represent in the form of overlay layers. A framework of modeling, 3D geometry, topology, semantic, appearance properties, efficient management and analysis of the relevant data to the heritage sites are used in the research.
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Albicz, Kinga, e Nóra Hubayné Horváth. "Az egykori zártkertek tájértékei és tájképvédelmi jelentősége". Journal of Landscape Architecture and Garden Art, n.º 69 (11 de dezembro de 2023): 42–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36249/4d.69.4437.
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The term “allotment garden” is a special form of land use, developed in Hungary under socialism in the early 1960s. It originally referred to privately owned small parcels of land, traditionally vineyards, orchards and gardens, which offered their owners weekend recreation in addition to the opportunity of backyard farming. However, the vast majority of allotment gardens have a historical background, with horticulture having existed before gardens were classified as allotment gardens. Since their creation, allotment gardens have undergone a significant change of function. Some have been preserved for traditional small-scale garden farming, while others were integrated into settlements as residential areas, or grassy, neglected, afforested areas. Despite the process of transformation and degradation, allotment gardens still today contain various landscape features: they more or less preserve the characteristics of human conscious land-scape forming activities, landscape pattern, natural heritage and valuable visual features of the landscape, and in many cases the heritage of historic land use and remained traces of farming. This article approaches the value of allotment gardens from a heritage and visual landscape protection viewpoint, at national and sample area level. The aim of the study is to explore vineyard origins and landscape significance of allotment gardens and to present the unique landscape features of allotment gardens applying geographic information methods. Furthermore, the results of the analysis of the vineyard origins analysis revealed that the vineyard past as a historical antecedent can be detected in a significant part of the total area of allotment gardens. The results of the study indicated that unique landscape features occur at a density almost five times higher than the national average in the allotment-garden areas. One-third of the country's unique landscape features related to vine and fruit production are concentrated in these areas. However, the research also revealed that the survey on allotment garden landscape features of cultural and historical significance is far from being complete. Presumably, there are many more landscape features (cellars, gorges and retaining walls of stone) in the allotment gardens than are recorded in the unique landscape feature database. The significance of allotment gardens in the protection of the visual landscape is confirmed by the fact that the proportion of allotment garden patches classified as zones of visually sensitive landscapes is almost one and a halftimes the national rate.
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Tikhonova, Olha. "Approach to comprehensive analysis of bastion castle ensemble with historic gardens: novel combined strategy". VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 7, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvioijats.2022.18821.
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Bastion castle ensemble is a complex structure that belongs to defensive residences, which usually include the historic gardens and play an important role in the formation of the townscape. The two main structural components of such built complexes are palatial body and bastion fortifications. However, some bigger ensembles can also include other functional buildings. Due to the nature of the structure, namely the presence of defensive elements, which followed military development, many bastion castles underwent huge transformations. They were built and rebuilt because of the outdated design or destruction by the enemy. That is why studying such ensembles only from a historical perspective or analyzing only their fortification part is not enough to understand the whole complex, which is much more than a single-type building. In contrast, this paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach to studying bastion castles on the example of a bastion castle in Zheshov (Poland). Specifically, this paper uses a combined strategy that includes interpretative–historical and qualitative-computational strategies as a systematic and comprehensive approach to the research. This strategy consists of seven points of analysis: historical transformations, composition, situation, landscape, fortifications, typomorphology, and space syntax. This work represents a methodological framework that can be used for the analysis of any bastion castle ensemble in the world.
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Tikhonova, Olha. "Approach to comprehensive analysis of bastion castle ensemble with historic gardens: novel combined strategy". VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability 7, n.º 2 (30 de dezembro de 2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2022.18821.
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Bastion castle ensemble is a complex structure that belongs to defensive residences, which usually include the historic gardens and play an important role in the formation of the townscape. The two main structural components of such built complexes are palatial body and bastion fortifications. However, some bigger ensembles can also include other functional buildings. Due to the nature of the structure, namely the presence of defensive elements, which followed military development, many bastion castles underwent huge transformations. They were built and rebuilt because of the outdated design or destruction by the enemy. That is why studying such ensembles only from a historical perspective or analyzing only their fortification part is not enough to understand the whole complex, which is much more than a single-type building. In contrast, this paper proposes an interdisciplinary approach to studying bastion castles on the example of a bastion castle in Zheshov (Poland). Specifically, this paper uses a combined strategy that includes interpretative–historical and qualitative-computational strategies as a systematic and comprehensive approach to the research. This strategy consists of seven points of analysis: historical transformations, composition, situation, landscape, fortifications, typomorphology, and space syntax. This work represents a methodological framework that can be used for the analysis of any bastion castle ensemble in the world.
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الخالدي, علي محمد, e عبادي عبد العباس الزيادي. "غزليات المدن الأندلسية إشبيلية انموذجا". مجلة اللغة العربية وادابها 1, n.º 21 (29 de abril de 2015): 161–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.36318/jall/2015/v1.i21.6789.
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The research aims to clarify the aesthetic point, change it into image refers to the connection of the Andalusia Man, especially the poet, with his city which reflected on his connection with his great home “Andalusia”. It also aims to clarify the representation of that connection by love verses that had not been put to show the poet`s to a woman, rather they were to show love or emotion status of the poet with his home and city. So Eshbilia is the model of this research which deals with the definition of this city on the linguistic, geographic, political and historic levels. The research includes three topics with an introduction and a conclusion.The introduction deals with Man`s connection with his city as well as the term of love poems in tradition. The first topic studies the city on the linguistic, geographic, historic and political levels. The literary movement of this city had been studied in the second topic, while the third topic is devoted to the characteristics of Eshbilia in Love poems, such as palaces, rivers, gardens and others.The conclusion includes the most important results of the research.
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Arkun, Ali. "Landscape significance and value of Ankara's first public green space: Millet Garden". Ege Üniversitesi Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi 61, n.º 1 (4 de fevereiro de 2024): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.20289/zfdergi.1180900.
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Objective: Some of the parliament buildings have public open and green spaces nearby. For instance, United States’ Capitol Building has Capitol Grounds, Germany’s Reichstag Building has Platz der Republik Park and Spreebogen Park, The Palace of Westminster of United Kingdom has Victoria Tower Gardens. These spaces originated as green public spaces associated with state. The parliament buildings are often landmarks. Their green spaces enhance the spatial quality. Green spaces make parliament buildings more attractive places to visit and work. There is no landscape architecture research on Türkiye’s first parliament building’s green space so called Millet Garden. The objective of this study is to identify historic features and evaluate components. Material and Methods: The research is structured in qualitative research method and consists of four parts. The first part includes theoretical framework. The explanation of research design and the implementation of data collection method is the second part. The third part contains description of the site. The fourth part constitutes analyses the components of historic landscape in details. Results: This study reveals the importance of the Millet Garden by evaluating it in terms of landscape architecture. Conclusion: This study touches upon the importance and benefits of historic landscapes. Finally, the study revealed some directions for further studies. architecturally impressive landmarks. Their green spaces enhance the spatial quality. Green spaces make parliament buildings more attractive places to visit and work.There are some research on historical parks of Turkey, but a more specific research on Ankara Millet Park is lacking. This research aims to identify historic landscape features, analyze and evaluate components of the Turkey’s first parliament building’s public green space, which is called Millet Park (Millet means Nation is Turkish). The Millet Park is considered as the first designed public park of Ankara. The research is structured in qualitative research method and has five parts. The first part includes theoretical framework. The explanation of research design and implementation of data collection method is in second part. The third part contains description of the research area. The fourth part constitutes analyses in detail the components of historic urban landscape. Finally, the research is concluded with a reccomendations and directions for further studies. This research touches upon the importance and benefits of historical public landscapes in Turkey.
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Milo, Michael. "A.R. Buck, John McLaren and Nancy E. Wright, Land and Freedom. Law, Property Rights and the British Diaspora". European Review of Private Law 13, Issue 1 (1 de fevereiro de 2005): 78–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2005005.
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This book deals with the clash between the claims of western settlers for land and those of the indigenous inhabitants of Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the USA. It is about property law, particularly property rights in land, and in the diversity of its analyses, it skilfully shows that property rights are subject to ideological conceptions as to how society should be organized. It is at the same time also an historic research into the developments about the thinking on property rights in land. Law, political science and historic research form an excellent amalgam. This book is indeed very interesting.
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Han, Hae-Young, Eui-Je Lim e Jae-Hyun Rho. "Formative Characteristics of the Soudang (素宇堂) Historic House <italic>Byeoldang</italic> Garden in Uiseong". Journal of People, Plants, and Environment 25, n.º 1 (28 de fevereiro de 2022): 49–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.11628/ksppe.2022.25.1.49.
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Background and objective This study aimed to estimate the creation period and creators of Soudang historic house Byeoldang (Annexe) Garden (素宇堂古宅 別堂庭園, Unification as ‘SB Garden’ from now on) located in Uiseong-gun, Gyeongsangbuk-do through a literature research and field survey, and establish the construction style and value of the garden through research and analysis of its spatial and visual characteristics and garden design. The findings are as follows. Methods The research method was a combination of literature study, field survey, and comparative review. The architectural history of SB Garden were analyzed through a literature survey, and the spatial configuration of Soudanggotaek and the visual and planting design characteristics of SB Garden were derived through field survey. Also the form and style of SB Garden were identified through comparative studies between Japanese garden style cases, and Japanese gardens created in Korea during the late Joseon and Japanese colonial period. Results It is estimated that SB Garden was built between 1890 and 1920, during the late Joseon Dynasty and the early days of Japanese colonial rule, by Lee Jang-seop (1854–1907) and Lee Hong (1887–1972). Comprehensively considering the form of its small hills, the shape of the pond and the introduction of yarimizu, the presentation of oddly-shaped stones and stone structures (stone settings), the introduction of stone bridges and stone lanterns, the strolling route and stepping stones, and the tree species introduced and their planting methods, the hills of SB Garden are different in form and technique from seokgasan created in Korean traditional gardens. Through the hills, the intention of making a garden is detected, with the motif of “garden of cranes and turtles.” Conclusion The foundation from which SB Garden can be considered a Korean traditional garden is very weak, and this garden is evaluated as a modern garden completed by introducing a Japanese garden style in modern times. Specifically, SB Garden is considered to be a stroll-style garden that enables users to appreciate it by connecting the three gardens with stepping stones and stone bridges, including the garden of cranes and turtles (a sort of pond garden), the tea garden centered on the Byeoldang (Annexe), and the stone garden.
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Aldous, David E. "Perspectives on Horticultural Therapy in Australia". HortTechnology 10, n.º 1 (janeiro de 2000): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.1.18.
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Human awareness of plants in Australia goes back 50,000 years when the aboriginal first began using plants to treat, clothe and feed themselves. The European influence came in 1778 with the First Fleet landing in New South Wales. Australia's earliest records of using horticulture for therapy and rehabilitation were in institutions for people with intellectual disabilities or who were incarcerated. Eventually, legislation created greater awareness in the government and community for the needs of persons with disabilities, and many worthwhile projects, programs and organizations were established or gained greater recognition. Horticultural therapy programs may be found in nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, adult training support services, hospitals, day centers, community centers and gardens, educational institutions, supported employment, and the prisons system. This article reviews the history and development of Australian horticulture as a therapy in the treatment of disabilities and social disadvantaged groups, and includes an overview of programs offered for special populations and of Australia's horticultural therapy associations. It also discusses opportunities for research, teaching and extension for horticultural therapy in Australia.
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Askwith, Clare. "The economic contribution of historic parks, gardens and designed landscapes: A review of existing data and research and recommendations for future research". Cultural Trends 9, n.º 35 (janeiro de 1999): 27–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09548969909365088.
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Jia, Ling Li, e Dong Ping Zhao. "Wenchuan and Lushan Earthquake Warning to Sichuan Traditional Garden Protection". Applied Mechanics and Materials 409-410 (setembro de 2013): 746–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.409-410.746.
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Sichuan traditional garden is an important parts of Ba-shu cultures, it is of great significance to the development of sichuan economy and culture. But many historic Sichuan Gardens were seriously damaged in the two earthquakes in Wenchuan and Lushan, many cultural heritages were demolished. Based on analysis of two earthquake caused damage to the Sichuan Garden, the significance of Sichuan Garden for Chinese garden and Ba Shu culture be discussesed, the main problems and protection measures of protection of Sichuan garden were analyzed. Particular emphasis on post-disaster response Sichuan Garden launch system research, collection of the basic data and documentation, the system study and the basic data collection of Sichuan traditional garden were emphasized especially, in order to avoid the lack of basic data for similar rebuilding after disasters.
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Pollard, Georgia, Philip Roetman, James Ward, Belinda Chiera e Evangeline Mantzioris. "Beyond Productivity: Considering the Health, Social Value and Happiness of Home and Community Food Gardens". Urban Science 2, n.º 4 (20 de setembro de 2018): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/urbansci2040097.
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We are living in an age of concern for mental health and wellbeing. The objective of the research presented in this paper is to investigate the perceived health, social value and happiness benefits of urban agriculture (UA) by focusing on home and community food gardens in South Australia. The results reported in this paper are from “Edible Gardens”, a citizen science project designed to investigate the social value, productivity and resource efficiency of UA in South Australia. Methods include an online survey and in-field garden data collection. Key findings include: dominant home gardener motivations were the produce, enjoyment, and health, while dominant community gardener motivations were enjoyment, connection to others and the produce. Exploratory factor analysis revealed four key factors: Tranquillity and Timeout, Develop and Learn Skills, the Produce, and Social Connection. The key difference between home and community gardeners was an overall social connection. Although home gardeners did not appear to actively value or desire inter-household social connection, this does not mean they do not value or participate in other avenues of social connection, such as via social learning sources or by sharing food with others. The combined results from this research regarding health and wellbeing, social connection and happiness support the premise that engagement in home or community food gardening may provide a preventative or supportive role for gardener health and wellbeing, regardless of whether it is a conscious motivation for participation.
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Luz, Iracema Clara Alves, Patrícia Duarte de Oliveira Paiva e Schirley Fátima Nogueira da Silva Cavalcante Alves. "Train station area gardens: the creation and evolution of Dr. José Esteves Square, in Lavras-MG". Ornamental Horticulture 23, n.º 4 (5 de janeiro de 2018): 432–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v23i4.1117.
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Studying the origins and transformations of a public square throughout time is extremely important, since it motivates its preservation and the consecration of its history. Therefore, the objective of this study was to carry out historic-cultural and landscape analyses of Dr. José Esteves Square and its whereabouts, built near a train station located in Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brazil. This research focused on the period between 1721 (settlement) and 2014. Dr. José Esteves Square was created to ornate and supports the arrival of passengers at the train station of Lavras. The way this public square was built is somewhat different from most public squares in Brazil, which are normally constructed around a church. Lack of maintenance, due to privatization, and the abandonment of train station facilities, made the gardens and areas around Dr. José Esteves Square lose their importance and the aesthetic characteristics they once had.
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Shevtsova, Galyna. "The historic Lake Biwa Canal as a permanent catalyst for the development of Kyoto’s landscape architecture". Architectural Studies 9, n.º 2 (21 de novembro de 2023): 20–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.56318/as/2.2023.20.
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The historic Lake Biwa Canal, an artificial waterway that supplies water from Lake Biwa to Kyoto, was built to revitalise Kyoto after the capital was moved to Tokyo in 1868. Apart from its main function, the canal plays a significant role in organising the cultural landscape of the surrounding areas. This study raised topical issues of sustainable development, preservation, and revitalisation of historic engineering structures. The artificial waterway was considered in terms of its pulling effects on the surrounding environment, both urban and landscape. The purpose of this study was to find the characteristics of the landscape-organising role of the Biwa Canal and its transformation over time, specifically with adaptation to the relevant problems of modern time. The study was conducted mainly using in situ field research methods. As a result, the key role of the canal as a constant catalyst for the development of Kyoto’s landscape architecture was outlined, which has changed substantially over time, but has not weakened and has always been innovative, organically combining modern industrial achievements with local traditions. In the first period of its existence (until 1951), the focus of landscape organising activities in the areas adjacent to the canal was on the creation of private and temple gardens, but from the second period of its existence (1951-early 1990s), the focus of landscape activities around the canal shifted to public recreational and park aspects. During the third period (since the early 1990s), when the canal was recognised as a National Historic Site, trends in the development of industrial and landscape tourism were also observed. The experience of preserving, revitalising, promoting, and adapting the landscape role of the Biwa Canal to the new needs of the present can be used as an example of the direction of similar activities for historic waterways in the world