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1

Rosental, Benyamin. "Exploring hexacorallian models to aid corals affected by climate change". Open Access Government 38, n.º 1 (13 de abril de 2023): 446–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.56367/oag-038-10078.

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Exploring hexacorallian models to aid corals affected by climate change In this interview, Benyamin Rosental, PhD, from the Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Genetics, looks toward hexacorallian models to transplant stem cells to corals affected by global warming. Why are you researching stem cell transplantation on hexacorallian models? The first step of our research is with our model sea anemones, which are part of the hexacorallia subclass along with stony corals. The purpose of the tool that we are developing is to develop stem cell-based therapies for corals.
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2

RYLAND, JOHN S. "Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)". Invertebrate Reproduction & Development 31, n.º 1-3 (janeiro de 1997): 177–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07924259.1997.9672575.

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3

Wagner, Daniel, Xavier Pochon, Leslie Irwin, Robert J. Toonen e Ruth D. Gates. "Azooxanthellate? Most Hawaiian black corals contain Symbiodinium". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 278, n.º 1710 (20 de outubro de 2010): 1323–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2010.1681.

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The ecological success of shallow-water reef-building corals (Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) is framed by their intimate endosymbiosis with photosynthetic dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium (zooxanthellae). In contrast, the closely related black corals (Hexacorallia: Anthipatharia) are described as azooxanthellate (lacking Symbiodinium ), a trait thought to reflect their preference for low-light environments that do not support photosynthesis. We examined 14 antipatharian species collected between 10 and 396 m from Hawai'i and Johnston Atoll for the presence of Symbiodinium using molecular typing and histology. Symbiodinium internal transcribed spacer-2 (ITS-2) region sequences were retrieved from 43 per cent of the antipatharian samples and 71 per cent of the examined species, and across the entire depth range. The ITS-2 sequences were identical or very similar to those commonly found in shallow-water scleractinian corals throughout the Pacific. Histological analyses revealed low densities of Symbiodinium cells inside antipatharian gastrodermal tissues (0–92 cells mm −3 ), suggesting that the Symbiodinium are endosymbiotic. These findings confirm that the capacity to engage in endosymbiosis with Symbiodinium is evolutionarily conserved across the cnidarian subclass Hexacorallia, and that antipatharians associate with Symbiodinium types found in shallow-water scleractinians. This study represents the deepest record for Symbiodinium to date, and suggests that some members of this dinoflagellate genus have extremely diverse habitat preferences and broad environmental ranges.
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DALY, MARYMEGAN, DAPHNE G. FAUTIN e VALERIE A. CAPPOLA. "Systematics of the Hexacorallia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 139, n.º 3 (novembro de 2003): 419–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1096-3642.2003.00084.x.

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5

TURAK, EMRE, LYNDON DEVANTIER e MARK ERDMANN. "Euphyllia baliensis sp. nov. (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Scleractinia: Euphylliidae): a new species of reef coral from Indonesia". Zootaxa 3422, n.º 1 (14 de agosto de 2012): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3422.1.3.

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Euphyllia baliensis sp. nov. (Hexacorallia: Scleractinia: Euphylliidae) is described from 10 specimens from Bali, Indone-sia. This species forms phaceloid colonies, and is distinguished morphologically from others in its genus by its compara-tively very small corallites (averaging 3 mm diameter) and much shorter, thinner, lightly calcified branches. It also exhibitsan unusual pattern for Hexacorallia in having four or eight primary and secondary septa. Living corals typically havefleshy polyps extended during the day. Tentacles are ‘anchor’, ‘kidney’ or ‘hammer’ shaped at their tips, occasionally withadditional smaller bulbous protuberances, the latter resembling ‘mittens’ or ‘gloves’. Tentacles are dull to dark reddish-brown with lime green bases and cream tips, becoming bluish on retraction. Type specimens were collected from 27-37 m depth off the central eastern coast of Bali, Indonesia. To date the species has not been reported from any other locality.
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6

Santos, Thaís Barbosa, James D. Reimer, Fabián H. Acuña e Sérgio N. Stampar. "Diversity of Feeding in Anthozoa (Cnidaria): A Systematic Review". Diversity 12, n.º 10 (20 de outubro de 2020): 405. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12100405.

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In this study, we performed a bibliographical review examining the scientific literature on “feeding in Anthozoa” for the period from 1890 to 2019, using the scientific database Google Scholar, supplemented with additional literature. This study categorized published scientific papers on this topic by decade of publication, target taxa, variability of species studied in each order and main themes studied. As a result, 153 studies were found, and based on their content, it was observed that within Anthozoa, there has been a concentration of feeding studies on species in the orders Actiniaria (Hexacorallia), Scleractinia (Hexacorallia), and Alcyonacea (Octocorallia). This indicates that the other remaining orders of the group have been comparatively neglected with regards to their feeding aspects. Therefore, as data on feeding in some groups of Anthozoa are scarce, studies need to be carried out to fill the gaps that permeate this important benthic group, in order to better understand their ecology.
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7

Talice, Shani, Shany K. Barkan, Grace A. Snyder, Aner Ottolenghi, Shir Eliachar, Ronit Ben-Romano, Shelly Oisher et al. "Candidate stem cell isolation and transplantation in Hexacorallia". Developmental & Comparative Immunology 148 (novembro de 2023): 105012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dci.2023.105012.

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8

Fujii, Takuma, e James Davis Reimer. "A new family of diminutive zooxanthellate zoanthids (Hexacorallia: Zoantharia)". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 169, n.º 3 (29 de outubro de 2013): 509–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/zoj.12075.

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9

Reimer, James, Angelo Poliseno e Bert Hoeksema. "Shallow-water zoantharians (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Central Indo-Pacific". ZooKeys 444 (7 de outubro de 2014): 1–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.444.7537.

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10

Reimer, James Davis, Kiyotaka Takishita, Shusuke Ono, Junzo Tsukahara e Tadashi Maruyama. "Molecular Evidence Suggesting Interspecific Hybridization in Zoanthus spp. (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)". Zoological Science 24, n.º 4 (abril de 2007): 346–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zsj.24.346.

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11

Ryland, J. S., e Dörte Westphalen. "The reproductive biology of Parazoanthus parasiticus (Hexacorallia: Zoanthidea) in Bermuda". Hydrobiologia 530-531, n.º 1-3 (novembro de 2004): 411–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10750-004-2641-0.

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12

Rabelo, Emanuelle Fontenele, Lidianne Leal Rocha, Geórgia Barguil Colares, Tatiana Araújo Bomfim, Vanessa Lúcia Rodrigues Nogueira, Marco Katzenberger, Helena Matthews-Cascon e Vânia Maria Maciel Melo. "Symbiodinium diversity associated with zoanthids (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) in Northeastern Brazil". Symbiosis 64, n.º 3 (novembro de 2014): 105–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13199-014-0308-9.

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13

Fourreau, Chloé Julie Loïs, Hiroki Kise, Mylena Daiana Santander, Stacy Pirro, Maximiliano M. Maronna, Angelo Poliseno, Maria E. A. Santos e James Davis Reimer. "Genome sizes and repeatome evolution in zoantharians (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia)". PeerJ 11 (16 de outubro de 2023): e16188. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.16188.

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Across eukaryotes, large variations of genome sizes have been observed even between closely related species. Transposable elements as part of the repeated DNA have been proposed and confirmed as one of the most important contributors to genome size variation. However, the evolutionary implications of genome size variation and transposable element dynamics are not well understood. Together with phenotypic traits, they are commonly referred to as the “C-value enigma”. The order Zoantharia are benthic cnidarians found from intertidal zones to the deep sea, and some species are particularly abundant in coral reefs. Despite their high ecological relevance, zoantharians have yet to be largely studied from the genomic point of view. This study aims at investigating the role of the repeatome (total content of repeated elements) in genome size variations across the order Zoantharia. To this end, whole-genomes of 32 zoantharian species representing five families were sequenced. Genome sizes were estimated and the abundances of different repeat classes were assessed. In addition, the repeat overlap between species was assessed by a sequence clustering method. The genome sizes in the dataset varied up to 2.4 fold magnitude. Significant correlations between genome size, repeated DNA content and transposable elements, respectively (Pearson’s correlation test R2 = 0.47, p = 0.0016; R2 = 0.22, p = 0.05) were found, suggesting their involvement in the dynamics of genome expansion and reduction. In all species, long interspersed nuclear elements and DNA transposons were the most abundant identified elements. These transposable elements also appeared to have had a recent expansion event. This was in contrast to the comparative clustering analysis which revealed species-specific patterns of satellite elements’ amplification. In summary, the genome sizes of zoantharians likely result from the complex dynamics of repeated elements. Finally, the majority of repeated elements (up to 70%) could not be annotated to a known repeat class, highlighting the need to further investigate non-model cnidarian genomes. More research is needed to understand how repeated DNA dynamics relate to zoantharian evolution and their biology.
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14

Reimer, James Davis, Julien Lorion, Yuka Irei, Bert W. Hoeksema e Peter Wirtz. "Ascension Island shallow-water Zoantharia (Hexacorallia: Cnidaria) and their zooxanthellae (Symbiodinium)". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 97, n.º 4 (9 de junho de 2014): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315414000654.

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This is the first report on the Zoantharia fauna (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) of the isolated oceanic island of Ascension, southern Atlantic, where zoantharians are a dominant component of the shallow-water benthos. Specimens from two expeditions (1983, 2012) were examined regarding external morphology and molecular phylogeny using three DNA markers, which confirmed the presence of four zoantharian species: Palythoa caribaeorum; Palythoa aff. clavata; Parazoanthus swiftii; and Zoanthus sp. Two of these, Palythoa aff. clavata and Parazoanthus swiftii, were previously only known from the western Atlantic and Caribbean. Molecular examination of the zooxanthellae (=Symbiodinium spp.) of Palythoa specimens showed that they were in association with only one type, subclade C1.
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15

Reimer, James, Yuka Irei e Takuma Fujii. "Two new species of Neozoanthus (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia, Zoantharia) from the Pacific". ZooKeys 246 (29 de novembro de 2012): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.246.3886.

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16

Reimer, James Davis, Colin Foord e Yuka Irei. "Species Diversity of Shallow Water Zoanthids (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) in Florida". Journal of Marine Biology 2012 (2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/856079.

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Shallow water zooxanthellate zoanthids are a common component of the coral reef ecosystems of the Caribbean. Despite this, their species diversity remains poorly understood. In this study, collectedPalythoa, Zoanthus, Isaurus, andTerrazoanthusspecimens from the waters of Florida were phylogenetically examined to obtain a better understanding of zoanthid species diversity in the Caribbean. Surprisingly, the results from analyses utilizing three DNA markers (mitochondrial 16S ribosomal DNA, cytochrome oxidase subunit I, and the internal transcribed spacer of ribosomal DNA) showed the presence of at least eleven species, of which up to four appear undescribed. Additionally, the presence of the genusTerrazoanthusin the Caribbean was confirmed for the first time. Attempts to match phylogenetic species or clades with original literature were hampered by vague and short original descriptions, and it is clear that for AtlanticPalythoaandZoanthusspecies an in-depth and multidisciplinary investigation is needed to reconcile recent phylogenetic results such as in this study with traditional taxonomy. Furthermore, most shallow water zoanthid species from Florida were observed to have close, sister-species relationships with previously investigated species in the Pacific Ocean. These results indicate that many brachycnemic zoanthid species likely had a Caribbean-Pacific distribution until the formation of the Isthmus of Panama. However, due to inadvertent redescriptions, overall species diversity in these two common genera is likely much lower than literature indicates.
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17

Stampar, Sérgio N., Maximiliano M. Maronna, Marcelo V. Kitahara, James D. Reimer e André C. Morandini. "Fast-Evolving Mitochondrial DNA in Ceriantharia: A Reflection of Hexacorallia Paraphyly?" PLoS ONE 9, n.º 1 (27 de janeiro de 2014): e86612. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086612.

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18

Sinniger, F., P. Chevaldonné e J. Pawlowski. "Mitochondrial Genome of Savalia savaglia (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) and Early Metazoan Phylogeny". Journal of Molecular Evolution 64, n.º 2 (8 de janeiro de 2007): 196–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00239-006-0015-0.

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19

Reimer, J. D., F. Sinniger e C. P. Hickman. "Zoanthid diversity (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) in the Galapagos Islands: a molecular examination". Coral Reefs 27, n.º 3 (9 de abril de 2008): 641–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-008-0376-5.

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20

Reimer, James Davis, Javier Montenegro, Maria E. A. Santos, Martyn E. Y. Low, Marcela Herrera, Remy Gatins, May B. Roberts e Michael L. Berumen. "Zooxanthellate zoantharians (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia: Brachycnemina) in the northern Red Sea". Marine Biodiversity 47, n.º 4 (13 de maio de 2017): 1079–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-017-0706-3.

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21

Reimer, James D., Meifang Lin, Takuma Fujii, David J. W. Lane e Bert W. Hoeksema. "The phylogenetic position of the solitary zoanthid genus Sphenopus (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia)". Contributions to Zoology 81, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2012): 43–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18759866-08101003.

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The zoanthid genus Sphenopus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Zoantharia), like many other brachycnemic zoanthids, is found in shallow subtropical and tropical waters, but is uniquely unitary (solitary, monostomatous), azooxanthellate, and free-living. With sparse knowledge of its phylogenetic position, this study examines the phylogenetic position of Sphenopus within the family Sphenopidae utilizing specimens from southern Taiwan and Brunei collected in 1999-2011, and furthermore analyzes the evolution of its unique character set via ancestral state reconstruction analyses. Phylogenetic analyses surprisingly show Sphenopus to be phylogenetically positioned within the genus Palythoa, which is colonial (polystomatous), zooxanthellate, and attached to solid substrate. Ancestral state reconstruction strongly indicates that the unique characters of Sphenopus have evolved recently within Palythoa and only in the Sphenopuslineage. These results indicate that zoanthid body plans can evolve with rapidity, as in some other marine invertebrates, and that the traditional definitions of zoanthid genera may need reexamination.
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22

Sinniger, Frederic, James D. Reimer e Jan Pawlowski. "The Parazoanthidae (Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera". Marine Biodiversity 40, n.º 1 (31 de dezembro de 2009): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-009-0034-3.

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23

Reimer, James Davis, Doris Albinsky, Sung-Yin Yang e Julien Lorion. "Zoanthid (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) species of coral reefs in Palau". Marine Biodiversity 44, n.º 1 (5 de setembro de 2013): 37–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-013-0180-5.

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24

Reft, Abigail J., e Marymegan Daly. "Morphology, distribution, and evolution of apical structure of nematocysts in hexacorallia". Journal of Morphology 273, n.º 2 (30 de setembro de 2011): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.11014.

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25

Moore, P. G., e K. S. Cameron. "A note on a hitherto unreported association between Photis longicaudata (Crustacea: Amphipoda) and Cerianthus lloydii (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 79, n.º 2 (abril de 1999): 369–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0025315498000447.

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A hitherto unreported association between the isaeid amphipod Photis longicaudata and the hexacorallian Cerianthus lloydii is described and illustrated from material collected near Millport, Clyde Sea area. By building their tubes around the outside rim of the anemones' tubes, this amphipod presumably gains proximity protection from predators.
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26

Low, Martyn E. Y., James Davis Reimer e Frederic Sinniger. "The order Zoantharia Rafinesque, 1815 (Cnidaria, Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): supraspecific classification and nomenclature". ZooKeys 641 (14 de dezembro de 2016): 1–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.641.10346.

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Lee, Jen Nie, Kee Alfian Abd Adzis, Lutfi Afiq-Rosli, Jani T. I. Tanzil, Albert Apollo Chan, Md Nizam Ismail, Khodzori Fikri Akmal e Yang Amri Affendi. "Scleractinian coral (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) diversity of the Mersing Islands, Peninsular Malaysia". ZooKeys 1102 (20 de maio de 2022): 177–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1102.82228.

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We present a comprehensive checklist of scleractinian (hard) corals for the Mersing Islands, Malaysia based on surveys conducted at 24 reefs across protected and unprotected marine areas. A total of 261 species of corals from 16 families and one incertae sedis (Pachyseris spp.) were recorded, along with ten records that are new for the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Compared against the IUCN Red List, 46.7% of coral species found in the Mersing Islands were of Least Concern (LC), 29.5% as Near Threatened (NT) and 16.4% Vulnerable (V). Only one recorded species, Pectinia maxima (Moll & Best, 1984), was listed as Endangered (EN). Baseline species diversity data are essential for the monitoring and management of marine biodiversity, especially within marine protected areas. With both protected and unprotected coral reef areas in the vicinity of the widely scattered Mersing Islands, the diversity and distribution of coral species can be used as the basis for area-based conservation and management strategies. The diversity and abundance of scleractinian corals of each island or area should be surveyed periodically to ensure the appropriate level of protection is afforded to retain scleractinian biodiversity in this region.
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Kise, Hiroki, Masami Obuchi e James Davis Reimer. "A new Antipathozoanthus species (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia, Zoantharia) from the northwest Pacific Ocean". ZooKeys 1040 (28 de maio de 2021): 49–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1040.62309.

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A new species of zoantharian within the genus Antipathozoanthus is described based on specimens collected from the coast of mainland Japan, northwest Pacific Ocean. Antipathozoanthus tubussp. nov. is characterized by its substrate (epibiotic on polychaete tube) and habitat (exposed rock). As well, the results of molecular phylogenetic analyses using concatenated multiple genetic markers also support the distinction between A. tubussp. nov. and its congenerics. Antipathozoanthus tubussp. nov. is the first species of Antipathozoanthus species reported to be epibiotic on polychaete tubes, and is the second species in the genus that is not associated with antipatharians.
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Choi, Eunae, e Jun-Im Song. "New Records of Two Zooxanthellate Scleractinian Corals (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) from Korea". Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 31, n.º 2 (30 de abril de 2015): 86–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ased.2015.31.2.086.

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Choi, Eunae, e Jun-Im Song. "A New Record of Dendrophyllia compressa (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Scleractinia: Dendrophylliidae) from Korea". Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 32, n.º 1 (31 de janeiro de 2016): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ased.2016.32.1.038.

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Putra, Singgih A., Helmy Akbar e Indra A. Syari. "Shallow-water hard corals (Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) from Bangka Belitung Islands Waters, Indonesia". Aceh Journal of Animal Science 4, n.º 2 (31 de outubro de 2019): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/ajas.4.2.14571.

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Bangka Belitung Islands (Sumatra, Indonesia) has various coastal resources, e.g., coral reefs, seagrass beds, mangrove forests. However, the coral community has been threatened by anthropogenic activities, i.e., tin mining and illegal tin mining. Threatened species assessment is important for mitigation of coral losses and management. The ojective of the present study was to examine the status of Scleractinian corals in Bangka Belitung Islands, Indonesia. A line intercept transect was performed for the coral reef survey. Live and dead coral cover were recorded in the three locations. Corals species were identified following taxonomic revisions. The results showed that there were 142 species of Scleractinian corals recorded from Bangka Belitung Islands. Of these, 22 species are the new report from the areas of the the eastern part of Belitung Island. Family of Merulinidae, Acroporidae, and Poritidae were predominant group in this region. It is concluded that the condition of the coral reef ecosystem in the Belitung Islands is relatively good, but fair in Gaspar Strait and Bangka Island. Keywords: Coral cover, coral diversity, hard coral, Scleractinia
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Foox, Jonathan, Mercer Brugler, Mark Edward Siddall e Estefanía Rodríguez. "Multiplexed pyrosequencing of nine sea anemone (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Actiniaria) mitochondrial genomes". Mitochondrial DNA Part A 27, n.º 4 (24 de junho de 2015): 2826–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/19401736.2015.1053114.

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LOW, MARTYN E. Y., e JAMES DAVIS REIMER. "Zoanthid housekeeping: some nomenclatural notes on the Zoantharia (Cni-daria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)". Zootaxa 3485, n.º 1 (17 de setembro de 2012): 83. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3485.1.6.

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The identities, authorship and/or spellings of three genusand three family-group names in the order Zoantharia (=Zoanthidea), are clarified. Palythoa axinellae Schmidt, 1862, is designated as the type species of Heterozoanthus Verrill,1870, making this genus-group name an objective synonym of Parazoanthus Haddon & Shackleton, 1891, with prevailingusage of the latter maintained by a reversal of precedence. The family-group name Heterozoanthidae was inadvertentlyestablished by Pax & Müller (1956), and is a junior objective synonym of Parazoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901. Thegenusand family-groups names Mardoell and Mardoellidae (both established by Danielssen 1890) are respectivesynonyms of Epizoanthus Gray, 1867, and Epizoanthidae Delage & Hérouard, 1901, with prevailing usage of the last-named family-group conserved by a reversal of precedence. The genus-group name Mardoellia Blanchard, 1893, is anunjustified emendation and objective synonym of Mardoell Danielssen, 1890. Rafinesque (1815) and not Gray (1832, 1840) is the author of the family-group name Zoanthidae.
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Reimer, James Davis, Hiroki Kise, Doris Albinsky, Daisuke Uyeno e Midori Matsuoka. "Nanozoanthus (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia: Nanozoanthidae) outside of tropical and subtropical waters". Marine Biodiversity 47, n.º 3 (1 de junho de 2016): 965–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12526-016-0514-1.

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Escribano-Álvarez, Pablo, e Pablo J. López-González. "Facing the arrival of newcomers: an intertidal sea anemone approach (Hexacorallia, Actiniaria)". Biological Invasions 20, n.º 10 (30 de abril de 2018): 2945–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1748-6.

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TERRANA, LUCAS, JEREMY HOROWITZ e DENNIS M. OPRESKO. "Establishment of a neotype for Antipathes flabellum Pallas, 1766 (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia)". Zootaxa 5397, n.º 1 (3 de janeiro de 2024): 36–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5397.1.2.

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A neotype is designated for the antipatharian coral Antipathes flabellum Pallas, 1766. The neotype was collected off Madagascar (the original type locality is given as the “Oceanus Indicus”). Morphologically, the neotype corresponds closely in corallum shape and skeletal spination to specimens that have traditionally been identified as Antipathes flabellum. Another specimen of A. flabellum from Madagascar, morphologically almost identical to the neotype and described here, has been sequenced using ultra conserved elements and exon nuclear loci, which showed that it falls within the family currently recognized as Antipathidae.
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LIMA, MANUELA M., RALF T. S. CORDEIRO e CARLOS D. PEREZ. "Black Corals (Anthozoa: Antipatharia) from the Southwestern Atlantic". Zootaxa 4692, n.º 1 (5 de novembro de 2019): 1–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4692.1.1.

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Black corals (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Antipatharia) occur in all oceans of the globe, especially at depths greater than 50 m. However, their richness is underestimated due to the scarcity of studies on this group, especially in deep waters. The south Atlantic is one of the most depauperate regions in terms of our knowledge of antipatharians. Herein, we report 34 antipatharian species for the Southwestern Atlantic. Additionally, based on the examination of museum specimens, three species are new records in the Atlantic (Parantipathes laricides; Stichopathes paucispina and S. spiessi); and 17 had their distribution expanded, representing six families (Antipathidae, Cladopathidae, Leiopathidae, Myriopathidae, Schizopathidae and Stylopathidae). Additionally, the richness, distribution and associations of antipatharians are briefly discussed. An artificial key to South Atlantic antipatharians is included.
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Montenegro, Javier, Bert W. Hoeksema, Maria E. A. Santos, Hiroki Kise e James Davis Reimer. "Zoantharia (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia) of the Dutch Caribbean and One New Species of Parazoanthus". Diversity 12, n.º 5 (12 de maio de 2020): 190. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d12050190.

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Species of the anthozoan order Zoantharia (=Zoanthidea) are common components of subtropical and tropical shallow water coral reefs. Despite a long history of research on their species diversity in the Caribbean, many regions within this sea remain underexamined. One such region is the Dutch Caribbean, including the islands of St. Eustatius, St. Maarten, Saba, Aruba, Bonaire, and Curaçao, as well as the Saba Bank, for which no definitive species list exists. Here, combining examinations of specimens housed in the Naturalis Biodiversity Center collection with new specimens and records from field expeditions, we provide a list of zoantharian species found within the Dutch Caribbean. Our results demonstrate the presence at least 16 described species, including the newly described Parazoanthus atlanticus, and the additional potential presence of up to four undescribed species. These records of new and undescribed species demonstrate that although the zoantharian research history of the Caribbean is long, further discoveries remain to be found. In light of biodiversity loss and increasing anthropogenic pressure on declining coral reefs, documenting the diversity of zoantharians and other coral reef species to provide baseline data takes on a new urgency.
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Choi, Eunae, e Jun-Im Song. "New Records of Two Genera Leptoseris and Phyllangia (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia: Scleractinia) from Korea". Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity 31, n.º 3 (31 de julho de 2015): 146–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5635/ased.2015.31.3.146.

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Newman, William, Arnold Ross e John Buckeridge. "Deep-water scalpellomorph/coral symbiosis (Cirripedia, Pedunculata/Hexacorallia, Scleractinia) in the North Atlantic". Crustaceana 75, n.º 3 (1 de março de 2002): 517–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156854002760095561.

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Poliseno, Angelo, Maria Eduarda Alves Santos, Hiroki Kise, Brooks Macdonald, Andrea M. Quattrini, Catherine S. McFadden e James Davis Reimer. "Evolutionary implications of analyses of complete mitochondrial genomes across order Zoantharia (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia)". Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 58, n.º 4 (9 de março de 2020): 858–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jzs.12380.

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Reimer, James Davis, Maria Eduarda Alves Santos, Hiroki Kise, Mei Lin Neo, Chaolun Allen Chen e Keryea Soong. "Diversity of Zoantharia (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) at Dongsha Atoll in the South China Sea". Regional Studies in Marine Science 12 (abril de 2017): 49–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rsma.2017.02.006.

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Torres-Pratts, H., T. Lado-Insua, A. L. Rhyne, L. Rodríguez-Matos e N. V. Schizas. "Two distinct, geographically overlapping lineages of the corallimorpharian Ricordea florida (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Ricordeidae)". Coral Reefs 30, n.º 2 (29 de dezembro de 2010): 391–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-010-0709-z.

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Sinniger, F., J. I. Montoya-Burgos, P. Chevaldonné e J. Pawlowski. "Phylogeny of the order Zoantharia (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) based on the mitochondrial ribosomal genes". Marine Biology 147, n.º 5 (14 de julho de 2005): 1121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00227-005-0016-3.

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Ryland, John S., Muriel M. Brasseur e John E. Lancaster. "Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study ofAcrozoanthus australiae(Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea)". Journal of Natural History 38, n.º 10 (10 de maio de 2004): 1193–223. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0022293031000155179.

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Bo, M., S. Canese e G. Bavestrello. "Discovering Mediterranean black coral forests:Parantipathes larix(Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) in the Tuscan Archipelago, Italy". Italian Journal of Zoology 81, n.º 1 (20 de novembro de 2013): 112–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/11250003.2013.859750.

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Fujii, Takuma, e James Davis Reimer. "Phylogeny of the highly divergent zoanthid family Microzoanthidae (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) from the Pacific". Zoologica Scripta 40, n.º 4 (14 de junho de 2011): 418–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1463-6409.2011.00479.x.

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Schlichter, D., W. Weber e H. W. Fricke. "A chromatophore system in the hermatypic, deep-water coral Leptoseris fragilis (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia)". Marine Biology 89, n.º 2 (1985): 143–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00392885.

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Albinsky, Doris, Drew Wham, Naoya Shinzato e James Davis Reimer. "Population Connectivity in the Common Reef Zoantharian Zoanthus sansibaricus (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) in Southern Japan". Zoological Science 35, n.º 4 (1 de agosto de 2018): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.2108/zs180007.

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Reimer, James D., Kiyotaka Takishita e Tadashi Maruyama. "Molecular identification of symbiotic dinoflagellates (Symbiodinium spp.) from Palythoa spp. (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia) in Japan". Coral Reefs 25, n.º 4 (14 de setembro de 2006): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00338-006-0151-4.

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