Bibliografias temáticas / Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses"

Autor: Grafiati

Publicado: 25 de julho de 2024

Última modificação: 1 de agosto de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses"

Culicover, Peter W., e Ray Jackendoff. "The View from the Periphery: The English Comparative Correlative". Linguistic Inquiry 30, n.º 4 (outubro de 1999): 543–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/002438999554200.

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The English comparative correlative construction (e.g., The more you eat, the fatter you get) embeds like an ordinary CP, and each of its clauses displays an ordinary long-distance dependency. However, the connection between the two clauses is not ordinary: they are connected paratactically in syntax, but the first clause is interpreted as if it were a subordinate clause. The construction's mixture of the general and the idiosyncratic at all levels of detail challenges the distinction between “core” and “periphery” in grammar and the assumption that some level of underlying syntax directly mirrors semantic structure.

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Afsheen Hassan, Namra Ashraf e Dr. Husnat Ahmed. "Semantic Significance of Indexicals in Syntax: A Comparative Study of English and Urdu Deixes". sjesr 5, n.º 3 (30 de setembro de 2022): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.36902/sjesr-vol5-iss3-2022(1-8).

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The aim of this paper was to find out the relationship between semantics and syntax through pragmatic analysis of indexicals used by Ex-Prime Minister Imran Khan in two of his purposively selected speeches; one in Urdu delivered on 23rd December, 2020 on the passing out ceremony of police officers and the other in English delivered on 27th September, 2019 in UNGA. The English speech has been analyzed using antconc software while the analysis of Urdu speech has been done manually. A quantitative analysis of the five kinds of deixes in both the speeches strengthened the research results of Samosir and Zainuddin (2013) by providing the proof of the fact that person deixis is the most dominant category of English deixes (45.5%) while spatial is the least dominant (5.1%). The analysis of Urdu speech revealed a similar pattern as the person deixis (51.9%) is the most frequent, spatial being the least (3.9%). The presence of all five kinds of deixes with a similar pattern of relative frequencies in both the languages have provided a useful data for the purpose of Parallel Grammar (ParGram) project (Butt et al., 1999) to find out parallel structures in the grammar of six languages out of which two have been analyzed in this paper.

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Graffi, Giorgio. "The treatment of syntax by some early 19th-century linguists". Historiographia Linguistica 25, n.º 3 (1 de janeiro de 1998): 257–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/hl.25.3.04gra.

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Summary This article examines the views about syntax held by Humboldt, on the one hand, and by the founders of historical-comparative grammar (Bopp, Rask, Grimm, Pott, Schleicher), on the other. In general, it is noted that the grammaire générale tradition of 17th and 18th centuries still survives in the work of such scholars, despite of all criticism they seemingly raised against it. For Humboldt, the common core of all languages has its source in the identity of human thought; also his treatment of the verb and especially his reference to a ‘natural’ word order (i.e., SVO) are clearly reminiscent of this tradition. Traces thereof are also found in Bopp’s analysis of Indo-European conjugation, and in some of Rask’s writings. For instance, Rask, just as Humboldt, assumes a ‘natural’ word order and proposes a list of possible syntactic forms which closely remind us of Girard’s membres de phrase. Grimm’s position appears as more innovative, heavily influenced by a Romantic view of language, but some older conceptions sometimes show up in his work, e.g., when he deals with the notion of ‘subject’. Pott does not completely reject general grammar and a logically-based view of language; he only stresses the need of a more empirical approach than that adopted by the 17th and 18th century linguists. This picture radically changed with Steinthai and Schleicher: the former scholar pronounced a ‘divorce’ between grammar and logic, while the latter one argued that syntax does not belong to linguistics proper and rejected any possibility of postulating syntactic distinctions which do not have any direct morphological correlate.

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Softić, Mejra. "SENTENCE IN THE ARABIC LANGUAGE- SOME REMARKS ON CRITERIA OF MODERN DIVISIONS AND CLASSIFICATIONS". Zbornik radova Islamskog pedagoškog fakulteta u Zenici (Online), n.º 9 (15 de dezembro de 2011): 261–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.51728/issn.2637-1480.2011.261.

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Modern syntactical researches conducted by Arabs are under great influence of traditional grammar. That as a consequence has various methodological approaches to interpretation of a sentence, its definitions and classifications. Even though some classical Arabic grammarians make semantic distinction between terms ğumla and kelam, today they are perceived as synonyms, under the influence of contemporary linguistic developments. Modern Arabic syntax does not strictly define criteria of classification of an Arabic sentence. In addition to traditional classification to a nominal and verbal sentence, the classification supported and accepted as the only or the most significant one by most Arabic authors, these criteria vary from one author to another. However, it is noticeable that the criterion of functionality, criterion of predicativity, structure and declinability of a sentence are distinguished as contemporary norms in syntactic classifications of the Arabic language. Oriental writings in classification of Arabic sentences often use conventions of foreign languages and apply criteria that are not characteristic of the Arabic language. That does not reflect the actual state of Arabic syntax and it also belittles efforts and contributions of Arabic grammarians in this field. Keywords: Arabic syntax, sentence, divisions and types of sentences, Orientalistic attitudes, comparative analysis

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Soyegov, Myratgeldi. "Turkic Comparative Studies: Byashim Chariyarov". Ethnic Culture 4, n.º 4 (27 de dezembro de 2022): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.31483/r-103768.

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In this article, in a thesis order, issues related to a life full of events and fruitful research activities, as well as active scientific and organizational work of a prominent Turkmen comparative linguist, Doctor of Philology, Professor, Honored Scientist Academician of the Academy of Sciences of Turkmenistan Byashim Charyyarov, the 100th anniversary of which is widely and solemnly celebrated by the scientific community of the country in the current year 2022. The article provides some important details and significant details from his life. One of the main areas of scientific activity of B. Charyyarov is a systematic description of the facts of the modern Turkmen literary language. He is one of the leading authors and executive editors of the «Grammar of the Turkmen language», which consists of two parts: «Phonetics and morphology» (1970) and «Syntax of a phrase and a simple sentence» (1977). Under the leadership and with the participation of B. Charyyarov, more than ten collections devoted to various issues of the culture of speech of the Turkmen literary language were published. He is one of the compilers and executive editors of the «Russian-Turkmen Dictionary», published first in 1956, and then in two volumes – in 1986 and 1987.

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TZVETOMIRA, TZVETOMIRA. "WHEN AND HOW YORDAN PENCHEV EMBARKED ON THE PATH OF TRANSFORMATIONAL-GENERATIVE GRAMMAR". Journal of Bulgarian Language 69, PR (29 de junho de 2022): 313–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.47810/bl.69.22.pr.21.

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The text argues that the first research work by a Bulgarian linguist in the framework of Chomsky’s Transformational-Generative Grammar (Chomsky 1957) is Yordan Penchev’s 1964 paper “Constructions with the Preposition Освен”. With Chomsky being American, his framework could not be acknowledged openly as a theoretical model in Bulgaria for ideological reasons. Its application in Penchev’s paper is proven indirect-ly, using seven criteria. Two of them, fulfilled in (Penchev 1964), are discussed extensively in the paper in view of their specific features. The first of these criteria – the use of key transformational and generative terms by N. Chomsky in Penchev’s paper, is elaborated in the form of a comparative table. A burst of generative-transformational terms is noted and the techniques of this terminological transfer are commented on. According to the other criterion ‒ analysis following N. Chomsky’s transformational or phrase-structurе rules ‒ two model-theoretic aspects of Penchev’s text are discussed, the generative and the transformational aspect, with the aim of evaluating the first rules of this kind to have ever been formulated by a Bulgarian linguist. They are considered in contrast with those defined by Chomsky and with regard to the new ideas they introduced in Bulgarian syntax. Тhe perception of Penchev’s article by the then readers is also analyzed. Keywords: Bulgarian Transformational-Generative Grammar, Yordan Penchev, exceptive but-phrases, Bulgarian language

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Manzini, Maria Rita. "Parameters and the design of the Language Faculty". Evolutionary Linguistic Theory 1, n.º 1 (24 de abril de 2019): 24–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/elt.00003.man.

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Abstract Following Berwick and Chomsky (2011), parameters are degrees of freedom open at the externalization (EXT) of syntactico-semantic structures (SEM) by sensorimotor systems (PHON) (Section 1). Within this framework, in Section 2 I focus on a case study concerning Northern Italian subject clitics, also raising the well-known question how to reconcile observable microvariation with the desideratum of a reduced number of (macro)parameters. Sections 3 reviews recent relevant models of parameterization, the Rethinking Comparative Syntax model (ReCoS, Biberauer et al. 2014) and the Parameters & Schemata model (Longobardi 2005, 2017). Sections 4–5 return to the case study, taking the reductionist view that parameters may be just categorial cuts, such as the 1/2P vs 3P split, interacting with externalization and other general principles of grammar.

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Trostynska, O. "Contrastive approach in teaching Ukrainian as a foreign language". Teaching languages at higher institutions, n.º 43 (25 de dezembro de 2023): 128–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/2073-4379-2023-43-09.

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The article continues a series of studies dedicated to teaching the Ukrainian language to foreign students who either know or have experience in studying Russian. This group comprises foreigners from post-Soviet countries, as well as foreign master’s and postgraduate students who previously studied in Ukrainian higher education institutions in Russian. In compliance with the Law on Education, they are now studying Ukrainian or learning it as the state language of their current country of study. The mastery of a new foreign language, as is commonly known, is built upon existing speaking experience, which determines the methodological necessity of comparing the systems of the known language with the language being studied. Such a comparative analysis allows the identification of common features in both languages and facilitates the application of previously acquired knowledge and skills in learning a new foreign language. Interference, understood as the interaction of different language systems, directly impacts the acquisition of a new language system. The foundation for studying and regulating interference processes lies in the contrastive approach. Contrastive linguistics aims to identify differences and similarities between modern languages, aiding in determining the directions of interference and explaining the cause of typical errors. In our previous articles, we explored interference effects when Russian-speaking foreigners studied the Ukrainian language, focusing on phonetics, grammar, and syntax. These studies involved a comparative analysis of the functional-communicative organization of sentences, exemplified by the examination of ways to express subject-predicate relations in Ukrainian and Russian. Functional-communicative grammar emphasizes the pivotal role of syntax as a system that organizes all other language levels. It views a sentence from a communicative organizational perspective as an utterance formed according to a specifically defined structural scheme, with the structural core being the predicate. The predicate designates specific positions for the participants in the situation described by the proposition (subject names or actants) and their quantity. The proposed article investigates various types of extenders for the predicative centre of sentences, considers primary methods of expressing object, meaning, and circumstantial relations in both simple and complex sentences, and highlights key differences in expressing these relations between Ukrainian and Russian. These differences merit the attention of Russian-speaking learners to prevent interference errors. The methodical recommendations provided herein may prove beneficial to teachers and methodologists in developing training programs, crafting textbooks, and designing teaching materials for Ukrainian language instruction tailored to specific groups of foreign learners. They also serve as valuable resources for novice teachers in preparing for practical classes.

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Ho, Han Van. "The Expressions of Epistemic Modality in English and Vietnamese: A Contrastive on “thấy” and “nghĩ” in Vietnamese and Mental Verbs in English". World Journal of English Language 13, n.º 5 (30 de março de 2023): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n5p231.

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Epistemic modality is described as the speaker's judgment, assessing the degree of the factual proposition, or the speaker's confidence or non-confidence in the truth value of the proposition. The paper focuses on the expression of “thấy”, “nghĩ” predicates in Vietnamese and compares with mental verbs in English. To achieve the research objectives, the paper uses descriptive, statistical and comparative methods to clarify modality in general and epistemic modality in particular. The paper initially contributes to clarifying the definition, category, and identification of epistemic modality in terms of grammar and vocabulary. Next, the paper points out the similarities and differences in the expression of epistemic modality in English and Vietnamese. The results show that the nature of vocabulary and syntax basically exists value of factuality and non-factuality. The most important feature of epistemic modality is subjectivity and objectivity. The speaker "I/Tôi" clearly expresses or implies commitment for what is said. Understanding and applying modality in general and epistemic modality in particular will help learners acquire language and culture better in the process of communication and translation.

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КОСМЕДА, Тетяна. "Актуальні проблеми українського мовознавства на сторінках журналу "Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia": оглядовий опис (2013–2022: до 10-літнього ювілею)". Studia Ucrainica Varsoviensia, n.º 11 (4 de dezembro de 2023): 207–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31338/2299-7237suv.11.14.

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The paper presents a review of the "Studia Ukrainica Varsoviensia" journal for its ten-year existence (2013–2022) on the occasion of the anniversary. The author analyzes the content of the journal focusing mainly upon the Ukrainian and comparative linguistics issues being projected on the units of all the language system levels, as well as the theory and practice of artistic translation. The paper finds that the issues of the journal articles are related to such modern linguistic trends as linguocultural studies and linguoconceptology, psycholinguistics, linguistic personality theory and linguoemotionology, theolinguistics and linguoaxiology, political and communicative linguistics, as well as text linguistics, discourse linguistics, linguistic genre studies, diary studies and linguistic expertise. Many research papers are written in the fi eld of traditional linguistics, in particular Ukrainian dialectology, the Ukrainian language history and all the branches of the modern Ukrainian language study (phonetics and phonology, word formation, lexicology, including terminology and paremiology; grammar, including morphology and syntax; as well as stylistics). The researchers are particularly interested in the problems of onomastics and modern Ukrainian sociolinguistics. The authors of the research papers under consideration updated the main methodological principles of modern linguistics: anthropocentrism, word, text- and discourse-centrism, interdisciplinarity, linguistic cognitivism, pragmatism, functionalism, structuralism, as well as the language philosophy postulates: semantics, syntactics and pragmatics.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses"

Hallon, Robert J. M. Brøondal Viggo. "Brøondal's system of grammar : a translation of, and commentary on, Morfologi Og Syntax (1932) /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh192.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of English, 1989.
This thesis is a study of the grammatical theories of Viggo Brøondal ; the central part of the thesis consists of an English translation of his Morfologi og syntax (1932). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 386-416).

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Schueler, David Edward. "The syntax and semantics of implicit conditionals filling in the antecedent /". Diss., Restricted to subscribing institutions, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1619097961&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1564&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Te, Velde John R. "Coordination and German syntax /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9935.

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Pierce, Patricia Ann. "On merging morphology and syntax in Romance /". Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3004358.

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Tanaka, Hidekazu. "Conditions on logical form derivations and representations". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0028/NQ50266.pdf.

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LIU, HSIAO-MEI. "A CATEGORIAL GRAMMAR ANALYSIS OF CHINESE SEPARABLE COMPOUNDS AND PHRASES (SYNTAX, SEMANTICS)". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/183896.

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The lexicon of modern Chinese is composed mainly of disyllabic compound words; some of the compounds are separable, while others are not. Hindered by problems with the definition of the Chinese word and by the concept of separate grammatical levels on which morphological, syntactic and semantic processes occur, previous linguistic studies have been unable to fully account for the separability of some compounds and for the relationship of compound separability to phrase separability. This dissertation finds that, with morphemes having the same syntactic association with other morphemes that words or phrases have with other words or phrases, categorial rules logically explain the common syntax of Chinese words and phrases. In categorial grammar analysis based on the work of Ajdukiewicz (1935), Montague (1974), Partee (1972; 1975), and Bach (1983; 1984), categories are determined by functions associating the expressions in component sets, and syntactic operations build categories up into larger derived categories according to specified functor-argument relations. In the present analysis of Chinese, to the set of the non-verb general category belong morphemes, words and phrases whose form classes are not verbs and which are generic names. Argument expressions, both compound words and verb phrases which belong to this category, combine with the intransitive/non-verb general functor to form the IV category. Rules operating by concatenation, cliticization and wrapping account for the occurrence of resultative expressions, aspect markers, and expressions of time duration or time frequency between the components of separable compounds. Further, the hierarchy of thematic roles devised by Jackendoff (1972) is applied to account for cases in which the functors in IV combine with more than one argument. In this way, an analysis which combines principles of morphology, syntax and semantics is able to account for the identity of compound and phrase separability and derive grammatical sentences for the language.

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Gelderen, Elly van. "S-bar : its character, behavior and relationship to (i)t". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=73992.

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Sekiguchi, Tomoko. "The syntax and interpretation of resultative constructions /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8378.

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Veysey, Christopher Lawrence. "Syntactic complexity and sentence processing". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708578.

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Farrell, Gayle 1959. "Compensatory mechanisms in aphasia : production of syntactic forms that express thematic roles". Thesis, McGill University, 1985. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=63336.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses"

Hubert, Haider, Olsen Susan, Vikner Sten, Workshop on Comparative Germanic Syntax (7th : 1991 : Universität Stuttgart) e Worskhop on Comparative Germanic Syntax (9th : 1994 : Harvard University), eds. Studies in comparative Germanic syntax. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1995.

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Tim, Stowell, e Wehrli Eric, eds. Syntax and semantics. New York: Academic Press, 1992.

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Birgit, Gerlach, e Grijzenhout Janet, eds. Clitics in phonology, morphology and syntax. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, 2000.

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Colloquium Negation: Syntax and Semantics (1995 Ottawa, Ont.). Negation and polarity: Syntax and semantics : selected papers from the Colloquium Negation: Syntax and Semantics, Ottawa, 11-13 May 1995. Amsterdam: J. Benjamins, 1997.

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Colloque de syntaxe et sémantique de Paris (4th 2001 Paris, France). Empirical issues in formal syntax and semantics 4. Paris: Presses de l'université Paris-Sorbonne, 2003.

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K, Halford Brigitte, Pilch Herbert e Kolloquium "Syntax gesprochener Sprachen" (1987 : Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany), eds. Syntax gesprochener Sprachen. Tübingen: G. Narr, 1990.

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Adriana, Belletti, e Certosa di Pontignano (Pontignano, Italy), eds. Structures and beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004.

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Ernst, Strüngmann Forum (2008 Frankfurt Germany). Biological foundations and origin of syntax. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2009.

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Ernst Strüngmann Forum (2008 Frankfurt, Germany). Biological foundations and origin of syntax. Cambridge, MA: The MIT Press, 2009.

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1951-, Di Sciullo Anne-Marie, e Hill Virginia, eds. Edges, heads, and projections: Interface properties. Amsterdam: John Benjamins Pub. Co., 2010.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Grammar, comparative and general – syntax – congresses"

Batllori, Montse, e Francesc Roca. "The Value of Definite Determiners from Old Spanish to Modern Spanish". In Diachronic Syntax, 241–54. Oxford University PressOxford, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198250265.003.0010.

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Abstract This chapter focuses on the analysis of determiners and offers a comparative approach by paying special attention to the syntactic and semantic properties of the definite article and the demonstrative in Modem Spanish and Old Spanish (see F. Roca 1997 and Batllori 1996, respectively). Our main goal is to show that in Old Spanish the behaviour ofel, la, las, las can only be explained by referring to two subsystems of grammar. The more general one is the innovative grammar or subsystem in which these forms function as discourse anaphors (in the same way asis, ea, id did in Latin). This amounts to saying that the syntactic change from a demonstrative to a definite article had already started in Late Latin.

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Fukui, Naoki. "The Principies-and-Parameters Approach: A Comparative Syntax of English and Japanese". In Approaches to Language Typology, 327–72. Oxford University PressOxford, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198242710.003.0009.

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Abstract Since around 1960, constant efforts have been made in the theory of generative grammar to factor out certain general principles that govern rule application in the grammars of particular languages, attributing them to the initial state of the language faculty, i.e. Universal Grammar (UG), thereby allowing the rules of the language to remain in the simplest form. The extracted general principles gradually eliminated the need for rules of particular languages entirely, deducing the effects of the apparent rules in the sense that the interaction of these invariant principles yields the phenomena of particular languages which the rules were constructed to describe. Around 1980, work along these lines converged to form a conception of the nature of language called the 'principles-and-parameters' theory in which the biologically determined mental organ UG is conceived as the set of principles each of which is associated with an open parameter whose value is to be set by experience (cf. Chomsky 1981a, b).

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