Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "France Tariff"
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De, boras Sandrine. "Vers une refondation de la tarification sociale ferroviaire?- Le cas de la carte Familles Nombreuses". Thesis, Lyon 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO22012/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of our study is to determine, in the context of dysfunctions with social tariffs in the French railway industry, challenging of public policy, and deregulation of network industries, if it is possible to reform this type of tariff and which ways we can use. Our work deals with the case study of the card “Familles Nombreuses”, which is a social tariff imposed by the State to the French railway operator, SNCF.First we analyze social tariffs in a practical and theoretical approach to make a generic definition. Then we analyze some alternative ways of organizing and financing social tariffs.Then, we are seeking, through a detailed historical analysis of the social tariff “Familles Nombreuses” and the governance relations between SNCF and government, elements that allow these changes. We highlight the changes proposed until today and the events that cause these changes.With these lessons and a stated preference survey, we make, some proposals to reform the social tariff “Familles Nombreuses”. They are based on the sensitivity and real consumer choice, not on assumptions or deductions and are evaluated with calculations of surplus. In terms of results, if we can’t make a single proposal that would be "the" solution, we make some recommendations depending on the objectives of different actors and the role they wish to give to social tariffs. We can also determine the commitment to social tariffs. Leeways appear in fact limited. The changes based on the current commercial tarifs may cause a stir discontent and the surplus could be finally low or even negative. One solution could consist in inserting the social tariff « Familles Nombreuses » into the global system of yield management. This would allow the SNCF to have greater leeway on this tariff, the State to face no longer the funding constraints and the user to be offered more discount. Thus, through a policy between commercial and social logic, the yield management could be a tool of social policy, source of social justice and redistribution
Hoarau, Quentin. "Out with the Pipes, in with the Plugs : On the Economics of the Energy Transition in the Automobile Sector Interactions between electric mobility and photovoltaic generation Network tariff design with prosumers and electromobility: Who wins, who loses Stranded to be? Diesel ban and used car markets. Coordination of abatements and policies with sector coupling technologies". Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASI006.
Texto completo da fonteThe development of electric mobility is the main technological compromise that will allow the automobile sector to drastically reduce its emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants. From the ban of thermal vehicles to the integration of electric vehicles in the power sector, this dissertation investigates several economic aspects of this transition.First, it empirically studies the impacts of urban policies that limit the access of most polluting vehicles by analyzing the behavior of car sellers on second-hand markets. Then, it theoretically precises the optimal conditions of the electrification of the automobile fleet how governments may plan support policies for electric vehicles that take into account their interaction with the power system.Third, it investigates the interaction between electric mobility and photovoltaic energy. It develops a systematic framework that enlightens technical and economic conditions of synergy.Fourth, it discusses the distributional effects from tariff design of power network with both distributed energy resources and electric mobility
Mayol, Alexandre. "Essais sur les déterminants et l'efficacité de la tarification des services publics : une application aux évolutions du secteur de l'eau potable en France". Thesis, Paris 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA01E046/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe present thesis proposes a theoretical and empirical study of the determinants of the pricing of public services and their conditions of effectiveness. Taking into account environmental and social issues, the deployment of smart grids and the strong constraint on cost control have led to the implementation of new pricing and organizational practices in public services. This thesis proposes three essays devoted to the impact of these new practices in drinking water in France. First, we analyze the transition from an affine tariff to a progressive tariff on the behavior of consumers of drinking water, starting from a natural experiment conducted in Dunkerque. A first result indicates that demand has decreased with this new tariff, while creating distortions. A second result indicates that the consumer reaction to the price signal has been ambivalent. This work suggests to rethink the tariff design and the accompaniment of the consumers in their choices to limit the cognitive biases. In a second step, we analyze how the local political organization (in France, the level of the single municipality, the union of communes (Syndicats) or super-municipality (communauté de communes) and the management mode (public or private) can influence the performance of the public service. The impact of these organizational configurations on costs has never been studied simultaneously by the literature. We first propose a theoretical model to analyze them together. Then, from a panel of French water services, we observe empirically that these different organizational combinations have an impact on the price
Pompidou, Catherine. "Les tarifs aériens de passagers sur vols réguliers en Europe : plus particulièrement étude de la politique de la France et du RoyaumeUni en la matière". Paris 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA02Z124.
Texto completo da fonteBlondeau, Céline. "Evolution de l'assurance en France et cyclicité des résultats en assurances de dommages". Lille 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL20026.
Texto completo da fonteUnderwriting cycles in property-liability insurance are a well-known phenomenon in the United States, but even if some newspapers talk about them in France, no research has been undertaken into the causes of this phenomenon. The French insurance industry plays a pivotal role in economic and social advances, and has developed beyond recognition since 1945. Our research will first review and study its practices, its economic and financial role and the changes which have occured within it, in order to find some explanations for these underwriting cycles. In property-liability insurance, net income is approximately equal to the difference between, on one hand, premiums and net investment income and, on the other hand, losses (claims) and (acquisition and administrative) expenses. Three of these fluctuate. .
Long, Martine. "Les problèmes juridiques liés à la tarification des services publics locaux". Pau, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PAUU2033.
Texto completo da fonteLoubier, Sébastien. "Gestion durable des équipements d'hydraulique agricole : conséquences sur la tarification et les politiques publiques en hydraulique agricole". Montpellier 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MON10049.
Texto completo da fonteMimouni, Hanane. "Le service universel dans les industries de réseau en France : application aux télécommunications au Maroc". Besançon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BESA0002.
Texto completo da fonteThe liberalization of network industries can threaten the equitable access to basic services for some users. To preserve a public utility after the liberalization of these markets, most European directives introduced the concept of universal service (US) as a minimum service quality at an affordable price. The regulators have adopted new forms of regulation as restrictions on coverage and pricing. However, the entry of new suppliers raises the problem of the allocation of US obligations. To overcome this problem, the French regulators use competitive bidding to select the US provider’s. The existence of asymmetric information on the US cost is an obstacle to its evaluation. Hence, the second task of regulators is to establish a methodology for estimate this cost. This methodology is based on the net cost avoided still applicable in the three French sectors. The problem of providing the US also arises in the developing countries. We chose Morocco as a case of study. Inspired by the French legislation concerning regulation, Morocco has managed to liberalize their sectors of industries network, particularly telecommunications. It was shown that this success comes down to well-regulated methods of US. It is true that there are differences between the two countries, but the goals are similar : to ensure loyal competition and the supply of US
Croissant, Yves. "La tarification publique : fondements théoriques : extensions et application empirique au secteur des transports urbains en France". Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010070.
Texto completo da fonteThe main purpose of this is to propose an empirical evaluation of the efficiency f regulated firms. The first stage of this analysis is to construct a benchmark against which actual regulation may be compared. The theoretical part is therefore mostly normative, it seeks to characterize optimal tarification in presence of different kinds of market failure. This theoretical mode is then appliedd to the french urban transportation sector. The estimation of a demand andd a cost function gives useful informations about the characteristics of this sector. These estimatedd functions are then used to construct a welfare function. Efficiency indices are calculated by comparing the welfare corresponding to actual regulation to optimal welfare. The results shaw that there's a great variance of efficiency among the firms, the values of indices varying fre:m 50 to 100 %, and that regulation doesn't seem to indice a systematic bias
Boukinda, Ange-Simplice. "L' Europe, la France et l'accord général sur les tarifs douaniers et le commerce de 1960 à 1967". Paris 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA010549.
Texto completo da fonteZhang, Jian. "Analyse comparative de la tarification de l'électricité : la tarification de l'électricité dans le monde". Paris 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA020110.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis objective is a comparative analysis of electricity princing in the world and consists of three parts : - determination of criteria of selection for describing a system of electricity princing. The aim of this part is to choose, with a method both pragmatic and statistical, a few countries to be studied precisely but representing the diversity of possible cases. - analysis of the electricity princing in the six countries chosen as case studies : germany, canada, china, france, japan and united-kingdom. - synthesis and comparative analysis of electricity princing from the point of view of economic context, princing method, princing principles, rate structure and aspects related to the tariffs
Numa, Guy. "Réglementations et concurrence dans les chemins de fer français 1823 - 1914". Paris 9, 2009. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2009PA090067.
Texto completo da fonteJanuary 1st 2010 marks the beginning of competition for the international traffic of passengers in the European Union. This deadline raises the problem of the regulation of the railroad industry. It underlines the relevance of studying the interplay between economic analysis, the development of the current events and the evolution of legislation. From a historical and comparative perspective, I examine the economic theories that justify how competition is practiced. Examining how the railroad industry was regulated in the 19th century, I unveil how economic analysis influenced legislation and, reciprocally, how the legislation stimulated the work of the theorists. Thus I shed light on the similarities in the regulations of the railroad industry in the 19th and 20th century. First I retrace the origins of the concession which was the main regulation method, analyzing the theoretical oppositions between the theorists about the way the concessions were granted and how it functioned. Second, I analyze the intramodal competition by comparing the regulation theories and practices in France, Great-Britain and the US. Finally I show that the competition between the inland waterways and the railroads constitutes a form of intermodal competition which failed to mitigate the growth of the railroad companies
Sendesni, Wajda. "Regard de l'historiographie ottomane sur la Révolution française et l'expédition d'Égypte : Tarih-i Cevdet /". Istanbul : les Éd. Isis, 2003. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb39203998q.
Texto completo da fonteMiessner, Frédérick. "Analyse économique de la tarification des services d’eau et d’assainissement en France". Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100013.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis approaches the problems of the tariffing of the water services in two distinct parts which correspond to the two principal elements of the water invoice: The first part relates to the analysis of the French water Agencies taxes and their role of financing water infrastructures. This is an evaluation of the financial redistribution system managed by the water Agencies. From the point of view of their financial function, impact of the collected taxes (via the water bill) and of subsidies granted finally finance the conformity of the infrastructures of water utilities. From the point of view of their function of incentive to the modification of polluting behaviours, the analysis of the system effectiveness of tax and subsidy must integrate the system of standards of emissions. The second part seeks to quantify the impact of the determinants of the price of the water services using econometric models applied to a database describing the drinking water utilities in 1724 communes of the Seine basin. This model proposes to measure the impact of the management model (public or private) and of the mode of organization (communal or inter-commune level) on the final utility price
Saint-Martin, Gérard. "Le concept blindé français des années 1930 : de la doctrine à l'emploi, un redressement tardif et insuffisant". Montpellier 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON30018.
Texto completo da fonteDor, Anne. "Tours et maisons de notables des villages du nord-est de la Corse (Moyen Âge tardif)". Corte, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012CORT0006.
Texto completo da fonteBy the end of the Middle Ages, the island chroniclers and a few archive sources already mention the names of villages which were linked with a number of prominent rural figures who had recently emerged in the history of Corsica. Up till now, there has been no complete account in situ of the material traces of their presence - sometimes tyransitory - in the north-east of the island. Are there sufficient remains still visible in the villages to allow us to understand the characteristics and functions of the civil constructions which were built by the notable rural individuals, because of their wealth, power, influence or pride? The following topographic inventory attemps to answer this first point. It also opens many avenues for futher monographs and for archival research to deepen our understanding of a habitat which has been previously overlooked and of the history of a social stratum which was closely involved in village and island life at the beginning of the modern era
Barney, Andrew. "Making the Most of Wind : a Business Perspective on Subsidy Systems in France, Germany, Spain and Sweden". Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-216988.
Texto completo da fonteDelouis, Béatrice. "L’utilisation de la comptabilité de gestion dans la régulation : Le cas de la régulation de l’interconnexion dans les télécommunications en France". Paris 9, 2007. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2007PA090015.
Texto completo da fonteThe aim of this research is to identify the roles of the management accounting use in the telecommunication regulation in France. In order to identify and analyse both explicit and implicit functions of management accounting use in regulation, we have studied the regulator/regulated relation by exploring several theoretical references and we have researched the management accounting literature for potential functions of management accounting in this specific context. A qualitative empirical analysis has been made. The research leads us to characterize this relation and to identify the management need it creates, which gives our first results on the role of management accounting in the interconnection regulation. The processing of data collected through interviews and documents analysis led us to the results that beyond the explicit functions of management accounting there are also several implicit functions. The results prove the roles of management accounting beyond its technical ones
Laborde-Debucquet, David. "Mesures et détermination endogène des droits de douane". Pau, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PAUU2010.
Texto completo da fonteCointe, Béatrice. "The emergence of photovoltaics in France in the light of feed-in tariffs : exploring the markets and politics of a modular technology". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0096.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis explores the recent evolutions of photovoltaics in France, and in particular the rise of grid-connected photovoltaics as it was triggered by support policies set up in the 2000s. The chosen actor-network theory approach leads to a material and relational description of French photovoltaics as a modular technology whose development was driven by political prices in the shape of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity. From this perspective, the intertwinement of technological evolutions, market-making and politicisation is interrogated. After suggesting a description of photovoltaics as emergent modular technologies and of feed-in tariffs as political market agencements, the thesis analyses the interwoven trajectories of feed-in tariffs and photovoltaics in three sites. First, it traces back the constitions of feed-in tariffs as a dominant form of support to photovoltaics in the context of the development of a European Policy for renewable energy. It then zooms on the French case, where the overflowing of the regulated photovoltaic market triggered a political crisis and led to the reconsideration of photovoltaic support schemes. The last case study is a material exploration of the constitution of feed-in tariffs photovoltaic market triggered a political crisis and led to the reconsideration of photovoltaic support schemes. The last case study is a material exploration of the constitution of feed-in tariffs for PV-generated electricity into an opportunity and a resource for territorial development in the context of a project developed by a rural cooperative in the South-West of France
Lemaître, Arnaud. "Délégation de service public, tarification et pouvoir de marché. Application au cas de l'eau en France". Rouen, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ROUED002.
Texto completo da fonteRoucolle, Chantal. "La téléphonie des ménages français : outils d'analyse économétrique". Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0120.
Texto completo da fonteWe develop an economic tool allowing the analysis of French household demand for fixed telephony. Household’s global optimisation program is a two-stage program. The first stage concerns the allocation of individual income between five traffic directions and a composite good. Local and national traffic demands are the highest sensitive to their own price. Observed prices are non-optimal neither in the sense of customer’s individual surplus capture, nor in the sense of cost minimisation from the operator point of view. Then, the households chose their consumption structure, i. E. Number and average duration for several time periods. This choice concerns each traffic direction independently. We simulate a tariff change. We show the existence of traffic substitutions between time periods and that households modify more readily the number of their call than their average duration. The global model allows to anticipate consumption variations for each traffic direction
Yildiz, Tarik. "Islam, lien social et délinquance dans les quartiers défavorisés d'Ile-de-France". Thesis, Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080088.
Texto completo da fonteThe issues of immigration, integration policies and the role of religion in French society are regularly being discussed in response to cases in the news and media events. Although part of general research on crime and the religious factor, this study focuses more precisely on Muslims and the influence of their religion on social integration and crime. Based on more than one hundred interviews, the aim of this work is to measure the impact of France’s second biggest religion on its followers: Does Islam contribute to avoid resorting to crime or is it the opposite? Does Islam foster social cohesion with the rest of French society or is the contrary?
Raux, Charles-Gabriel. "Quel coût pour le secteur électrique d'une politique de restriction des émissions de carbone en France ?" Paris 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA020032.
Texto completo da fonteCustódio, Guilherme Zambalde Portela. "Essays on international trade : tariff reductions and welfare gains in the automobile industry during collor/Franco mandates and the effects of antidumping policy on Brazilian exports". reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFPR, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1884/43364.
Texto completo da fonteDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Ecônomico. Defesa : Curitiba, 26/02/2016
Inclui referências : f. 81-85
Resumo: Esse trabalho compreende dois ensaios: um deles se dedica a avaliar os ganhos de bem-estar obtidos pelos agentes brasileiros durante a redução de tarifa para o setor automobilístico nos mandatos de Collor/Franco, e o outro avalia os efeitos sentidos pelas exportações brasileiras quando são mencionadas ou não em uma investigação antidumping. O primeiro é justificado com base em uma avaliação dos benefícios gerados em um breve período de atípico regime tarifário liberalizante, uma ocasião rara desde que o Brasil optou por industrializar-se via substituição de importações. O segundo ensaio se justifica por uma melhor avaliação acerca dos efeitos gerados pela utilização desse mecanismo de proteção comercial relativamente recente, e nesse caso específico, acerca dos efeitos gerados pelo uso do instrumento antidumping por terceiros contra os exportadores brasileiros no período de 1991 a 1994-07. O primeiro ensaio encontrou ganhos significativos para (consumidores + produtores) de 1991 a 1994/07, considerando uma queda nas tarifas a partir do valor em 1990 (em 2014 BRL 21,442 bilhões). No mais, também foi calculado os ganhos que poderiam ter sido gerados caso as tarifas tivesse caído para zero no mesmo período (em 2014 BRL 191,556 bilhões). No que concerne ao segundo ensaio, foi encontrado um efeito relevante sobre as exportações brasileiras quando o país é citado em uma petição, para ambos os casos em que o processo terminou com aplicação de direito definitivo e os casos terminados com aplicação de direito preliminar somente. Aquele gerou uma forte queda nos anos um e quarto após o início do processo, enquanto este gerou uma forte queda no ano um e uma forte recuperação no ano quatro. No mais, foi encontrada uma possível evidência de desvio de comércio na situação em que o Brasil não foi mencionado no processo, com as exportações brasileiras crescendo. Ainda, foi também encontrado que o setor "metais" foi o setor mais afetado em quantidade pelas investigações, e que esse também foi mais afetado pela redução das exportações brasileiras em comparação com outros setores. Palavras-chave: Análise de bem-estar. Indústria automobilística. Antidumping
Abstract: This work comprises two essays: one of them is dedicated to evaluating the welfare gains Brazilian agents obtained during the Collor/Franco reduction of tariffs for the automobile sector during their mandates, and the other one evaluates the effects Brazilian exports face when they are mentioned or not in an antidumping procedure. The former is justified on the grounds of evaluating the benefits arisen in a brief period of atypical liberalized trade regime, which has been a rare occasion since Brazil opted to industrialize via import substitution. The second one is justified by means of better assessing the effects of this relatively new trade policy, in this specific case, as to the effects of other parties’ use of the policy against Brazilian exporters in a period that spans from 1994 to 2015. The first essay found a significant gain for (consumers + producers) from 1991 to 1994/07, considering a fall in tariffs from 1990’s level of tariffs (in 2014 BRL 21.442 billion). In addition, it was calculated the gains that could have been generated if tariffs had fallen to zero in that very period(in 2014 BRL 191.556 billion). As for the second essay, it was found a relevant effect on Brazilian exports when the country is mentioned in a petition, both for the cases where the process ended with the application of definitive measures and the cases where there was the application of provisional measures. The former case generated a strong fall in years one and four after the beginning of the process, whereas the latter one generated a strong fall in year one and a strong recovery in year four. In addition, it was found a possible evidence of trade diversion in the situation where Brazil was not mentioned in the process, with Brazilian exports rising. Furthermore, it was also found that the "metals" sector was the most affected sector in the amount of cases initiated, and that its exports are more strongly affected by antidumping processes than other sectors. Keywords: Welfare analysis. Automobile industry. Antidumping.
Ziani, Aouaz Amani. "L'impact de l'utilisation de la tarification à l'activité sur la qualité et l'accès aux soins à l'hôpital public en France". Paris 8, 2013. http://octaviana.fr/document/188336273#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Texto completo da fonteA new payment system has been introduced in French hospitals. This system has been created in the United-States and is actually used in many countries across the world. The prospective payment system based on Diagnosis Related Groups is the name of this new payment concept. Similarities exist among patients of each DRG concerning the principal diagnosis and the means used to take care about patients. This payment system is suspected to have some effect on quality and access to care. A review of the international literature showed that some effects like shortening of length of stay, quicker and sicker syndrom and increasing number of transfer to the skilled nursing facilities have been noted by many empirical studies. In France, there is no empirical studies which have been conducted to demonstrate such effects, but the personal working in hospital like doctors and nurses experience constraints and increased workload since the new payment system have been introduced. The recent experience of the new payment system in France and the absence of empirical studies do not allow such conclusions
Bancheraud-Pompidou, Catherine. "Les Tarifs aériens de passagers sur vols réguliers en Europe, plus particulièrement étude de la politique de la France et du Royaume-Uni en la matière". Lille 3 : ANRT, 1989. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37602571r.
Texto completo da fonteHammiche, Sabrina. "Cohérence du calcul économique public : le cas de l'autoroute ferroviaire". Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22002.
Texto completo da fonteWith a mid-term horizon outlook of congested french motorways, the "rail-motorway" appeared to be an innovative solution worth favouring. However, economic studies closely linked to the prevailing context of under-priced road freight, found the financial return on such project to be non significant. Indeed, the "rail-motorway" scheme has been evaluated on the basis of current road prices that is upon a sub-optimal pricing reference. Yet, the implementation of cost-benefit analysis on a more consistent pricing system is likely to upgrade the results, and the redevance of the project would be enhanced. Thence, the reflection carried out on the basis of the "rail-motorway" case, leads to question the current practice of project assessment. In particular, the necessity to consider pricing as an endogenous rather than an exogenous parameter is revealed, for the disconnection between pricing options and investment options introduces bias in the evaluation procedures. Within an integrated economic assessment methodology, a new project evaluation is put forward. The latter uncover the sensibility of public financing to the "price" variable
Yon, Guillaume. "Théorie économique, réalité industrielle et intérêt général. La recherche de l’optimum à Électricité de France (1946-1965)". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM052/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe Act of 8 April 1946 nationalized electricity in France and created a new public monopoly, Électricité de France. A small group of people, mainly from the corps des Ponts-et-Chaussées, was assembled to provide the public utility with a pricing policy. Marcel Boiteux, Gabriel Dessus et Pierre Massé, to mention only a few names, thought they would apply to the power sector the best economic theory of their time, Maurice Allais’ théorie du rendement social. The theory claimed that marginal cost pricing would bring the power sector to a state of maximum efficiency, that it would help governing the sector according to the public interest, and solve rationally the issue of nationalization and its aims. But the story turned out to be quite different. Pricing electricity did not mean applying to the sector the laws of efficiency through transfers of necessities. Rather, in a tentative, partial, progressive, often contradictory manner, the work allowed to describe and thus discuss possible exploitation projects. I propose to term this process the formulation of the optimum. Identifying such a process, I suggest, might contribute to the debate on the status of economics, the kind of truth it produces, and what we can expect from it, especially when it is closely associated with political decision making
Maury, Serge. "Histoire d'un groupe convulsionnaire tardif à la fin du XVIIIe siècle : 'les Fareinistes'". Thesis, Lyon 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO30028/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis deals with the history of a group of convulsionnary Jeansenists of the end of the eighteenth century. This sectarian group forms in the village of Fareins (in the area which will later become the département of Ain) in the 1870's, around the priest François Bonjour, who crucified a prophetess of his "sect" in 1787 and went on trial under the Revolution. Eventually released, François Bonjour set himself in Paris, where a convulsionary Jeansenist prophetess, called “sister Élisée", started a preaching which would go on until 1805 (the year of the arresting of François Bonjour and his circle). The history of this convultionary sect has already been studied by several historians, but our approch distinguishes itself by a deliberate anthropological and sociological point of view. When dealing with the local events in Fareins, we deemed relevant to do an ethnographic study of the villager’s struggles as well as an anthropological analysis of rural prophetism and of devilish possession. The radicalization of the Fareinists which followed the French Revolution allows us to take up the problem of revolutionary millenarianism. The imposing corpus of the prophecies and “visions” of sister Élisée is then analyzed under several lines. First, the prophetess’ speeches are a weapon she uses in the struggles for power against her opponents. Secondly, we reconstructed the « culture » of this group (in the anthropological sense of the concept) and showed how the biblical esotericism specific to this environment works. Eventually, the spectacular transes of sister Élisée were studied in the light of the anthropological works on the facts of possession
Yildiz, Tarik. "Islam, lien social et délinquance dans les quartiers défavorisés d'Ile-de-France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA080088.
Texto completo da fonteThe issues of immigration, integration policies and the role of religion in French society are regularly being discussed in response to cases in the news and media events. Although part of general research on crime and the religious factor, this study focuses more precisely on Muslims and the influence of their religion on social integration and crime. Based on more than one hundred interviews, the aim of this work is to measure the impact of France’s second biggest religion on its followers: Does Islam contribute to avoid resorting to crime or is it the opposite? Does Islam foster social cohesion with the rest of French society or is the contrary?
Geourjon, Anne-Marie. "Essai sur la mesure de la politique de protection et de son efficacité dans les pays en développement : examen particulier du cas des pays de la zone franc". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989CLF10083.
Texto completo da fonteDiongue, Abdou Kâ. "Modélisation longue mémoire multivariée : applications aux problématiques du producteur d'EDF dans le cadre de la libéralisation du marché européen de l'électricité". Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00132732.
Texto completo da fonteCertain crucial financial time series, such as the interconnected european electricity market spot prices, exhibit long memory, in the sense of slowly decaying correlations combined with heteroskedasticity and periodic or none cycles. In modeling such behavior, we consider on one hand, the k factor GIGARCH process and additionally propose two methods to address the related parameter estimation problem. In each method, we explore the asymptotic theory for estimation. Moreover, the asymptotic properties are validated and compared via Monte Carlo simulations. On the other hand, we introduce a new multivariate long memory generalized model (kfactor MVGARMA) in order to model interconnected european electricity market spot prices. We sugger a practical framework to address the parameter estimation problem. We investigate the analytical expressions of the least squares predictors for the two proposed models and their confidence intervals. To finish, we apply the two proposed models to the french and german electricity market spot prices and a comparison is made between their forecasting abilities
Bourdillat, François. "La France et le GATT de ses origines à la fin des années 1950". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010633.
Texto completo da fonteGATT, born at negociations from 1946 to 1948, is a multilateral agreement of trade liberalization on basis of equality of treatment and transparency. But, as a result of difficult debates, it provides for numerous exceptions. France specially insisted on applying discriminatory protection the time of reconstruction and lasting return to stability. Realistic applying of its rules or waivers, search of solution to disputes, periodical negociations to reduce tariffs, give gatt an important part in the strong trade growth. France makes propositions in various fields, but is watchful for keeping protection : she is criticized. Her politics of restrictive measures in order to contain the balance of payments deficit, worsened by inflation which is not kept down otherwise, is radically changed by the frontiers opening measures of end of 1958. It's also time for GATT to start a new period because of return to convertibility of main moneys and its commercial consequences
Pion, Patrick. "Les habitats laténiens tardifs dans la vallée de l'Aisne : contribution à la périodisation de la fin du second Age du Fer en Gaule nord-orientale : La Tène C2 - période augustéenne précoce, IIe-Ier siècle av. J.-C". Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010564.
Texto completo da fonteThe author propose a new periodisation of the late la tene period in North-Eastern Gaul based on the factorial analysis et hierarchical classification of sixty two ceramic assemblages from settlements of the Aisne valley associated with others artifacts such as fibulae, celtic coins, amphorae and mediterranean importations. The two last centuries b. C. Are divided into six phases of about thirty years long, closely related to the eastern subdivisions usually called as lt. C2, lt. D1a, lt. D1b, lt. D2a, lt. D2b, early roman. The greater interest of this work lies in the methodological framework used to built the periodisation and in its very consequences for the chronology and evolution of ceramics, importations and Belgic coinage
Bastide, Fanny. "Synthèse de l'évolution de la plateforme urgonienne (Barrémien tardif à aptien précoce) du Sud-Est de la France : Faciès, micropaléontologie, géochimie, géométries, paléotectonique et géomodélisation". Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENU005/document.
Texto completo da fonteDuring the Early Cretaceous epoch, intensive magmatic activity due to the dislocation of the super-continent Pangaea, highly influenced global environmental conditions, which were characterized by a warm and generally humic climate. In this context, carbonate platforms were important in tropical and subtropical shallow-water regions, and especially during the late Barremian and early Aptian, platform carbonates of so-called Urgonian affinity are widespread. In southeastern France, the Urgonian platform was part of the northern Tethyan margin and bordered the Vocontian and the Bedoulian basins. The goal of this thesis was the systematic study of the Urgonian Formation in this region, and in order to achieve this goal, a biostratigraphic chart and a facies model were developed. The faunistic assemblages, the facies succession, the field observations and the study of geochemical signals lead to a sequential subdivision of the Urgonian series along 54 sections and wells allocated in five different regions in southeastern France (Gard, Ardèche, Vercors, Vaucluse and Provence). Correlations from this stratigraphic study highlight important variations in thickness and depositional environments of the Urgonian series. These variations are explained by relative movements induced by syn-sedimentary faults, which divided the Urgonian platforms into blocks. On the southern border of the Vocontian basin, these faults, oriented N30° and N110°, delineate six tilted blocks. At the top of the upper Barremian carbonates, subsidence of the two southern blocks accelerated leading to the opening of the Bedoulian basin. The reconstruction of the sequence-stratigraphic and paleoenvironmental evolution of the Urgonian platforms was then tested by the construction of a 3D numerical model of the Urgonian formation of southeastern France. Firstly, its consistency with the data collected during this study, and secondly, its geometrical coherence validate the proposed theory. Urgonian analogs exist all over the world and particularly in Middle East where they constitute important oil reservoirs. The exact reconstruction of the major factors, which influenced the architecture of these formations, will allow for a better exploitation of these energy resources
Ndiaye, Bakhao. "Facteurs de risque de l'accès tardif aux soins et de la perte de vue chez les patients infectés par le VIH suivis à Bruxelles et dans la région Nord Pas-de-Calais". Lille 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL2S046.
Texto completo da fonteBaumstark, Luc. "Tarification de l'usage des infrastructures et théorie de l'allocation optimale des ressources : de la logique de la couverture des coûts à la logique de la révélation des préférences". Lyon 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997LYO22027.
Texto completo da fonteThe issue of infrastructure pricing has always been one of the major preoccupations of economists. Today more than ever, with the deregulation of the transport sector, it is in the spotlight of economic and political discussions, like most network goods. Theorists in public regulation have especially looked into the pricing procedures, which play a major role in the allocation of scarce resources. In this context, the pricing system has both avoiding waste of resources and situations in which demand of mobility is not properly satisfied. These theoretical objectives lead, on the one hand, to base pricing on investment and infrastructure funding, on the other hand to base pricing on way to regulate congested infrastructures, and lastly to base pricing on internalization of environmental externalities. The debates about infrastructure usage pricing are often limited to the costs which have to be charged on users. The theoretical analysis means further and requires to tackle pricing system as a way to force economic actors to reveal their willingness to pay in order to assure the realization of the social surplus. The actors concerned are just as well national or local authorities, citizen, users, taxpayers, as transport operators which appear with the spread of demand mobility
Boisset, Thermes Sandrine. "La sculpture en Savoie : ateliers, artistes et commanditaires à Chambéry et dans sa région : vers 1480 - vers 1530". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GREAH006.
Texto completo da fonteDespite the paucity of documentary evidence arguing in favour of the existence of much sculpting activity in and near Chambéry, the criteria needed to establish the presence of an artistic hub in the town and its vicinity at the turn of the XV and XVI centuries can be shown. The existence of a large body of sculptures, consistent both in style and iconography, produced over a few decades between 1480 and 1530, is testament to the activity of sculptors in the region. An analysis has led to identifying the activity of various artists' workshops, and to understanding of the way in which these works were produced. Many opportunities for contact between the art worlds of Chambéry, Geneva and Northern countries can also be identified. Within this space, a varied clientele as well as a dynamic religious context have supported the development of an original local artistic production
Shutova, Natalia. "Monopole naturel, marchés bifaces, différenciation tarifaire : trois essais sur la régulation de télécommunications". Thesis, Paris 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA020031/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe thesis focuses on the economics of the telecommunications industry and on its regulation. The first part is dedicated to the deployment of the fixed network of the optical fibre. The study of different regulation methods allows to compare the approaches in terms of the speed and efficiency of deployment as well as the consumers’ welfare. We construct a technico-economic model of the fibre access network in France in order to compare the results of different regulation approaches in quantitative terms. The second part applies the theory of two-sided markets to the field of electronic communications. It deals with the issue of competition regulation on two-sided markets and shows in what way their treatment should be specific, based on theoretic results and case studies. A model of price discrimination on two-sided markets is proposed that reveals the factors determining favourable or unfavourable impact of discrimination. The third part studies the impact ofthe price differentiation depending on the call destination on the mobile communications market. A theoretic model is constructed and then calibrated based on the example of the French market in 2003. It is shown that the all-net reduction of the tariffs towards all the networks and by all the operators is more beneficial for consumers than the on-net reduction of the intra-network tariffs
Lalanne, Guy. "Libéralisation des échanges commerciaux internationaux : quels ajustements et quelles conséquences pour les ménages et les entreprises". Paris, EHESS, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014EHES0145.
Texto completo da fonteThe first two chapters study the strategy of firms in serving foreign markets, using French data. The first chapter shows that firms had difficulties in grasping the opportunity offered the foreign markets opening resulting from the Uruguay Round agreement. It reveals that the French economy did not benefit from the potential gains of trade. The second chapter put the emphasis on the role of wholesalers in helping firms to export. A theoretical model explains the use of wholesalers to share the fixed costs of exporting. The wholesalers allow firms to reach more difficult markets and act as a catalyst for the exports of firms whose competitiveness is close to the export rentability threshold. Then the predictions of this model are confronted with the French data, confirming this two-sided role of wholesalers. The next two chapters are theoretically addressing the issue of the distribution of the grains from trade. These chapters simultaneously consider the accumulation of human or physical capital and the formation of attitudes towards trade. The third chapter focuses on human capital. The fourth one studies the role of real estate in shaping the attitudes towards trade. Real estate also allows to take into account the regional dimension of gains from trade, that have largely been disregarded until now
Sghaier, Nadia. "Les cycles de souscription en assurance non vie : Étude de la dynamique du ratio combiné et des déterminants des primes". Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100046.
Texto completo da fonteDespite the considerable number of theoretical and empirical studies analyzing the underwriting cycles in non life insurance. No clear conclusion and only seems to highlight. The lack of consensus seemed to us arise from the lack of suitable linear modelling and forgetting the properties of cointegration applied both in the context time series and panel data. This thesis was then attached to review the underwriting cycles while focusing on the dynamics of the combined ratio and the determinants of premiums for the case of France and for other countries. In the first chapter, we presented a review of the literature on the subject. In the second chapter, we analyzed the underwriting cycle and the determinants of premiums for the aggregate sector in French using the econometrics of nonlinear time series. In the third chapter, we applied the recent developments in the econometrics of panel data taking into account the non stationary and the nonlinearity, firstly, to conduct a disaggregated analysis by French line of the underwriting cycle and the determinants of premiums and, secondly, to carry out a comparative analysis of the determinants of premiums in an international framework. The obtained results for the aggregated sector French led us to conclude that the cyclical phenomenon disappeared in France since 1989 and that the dynamics of the combined ratio is rather modelled by a smooth transition regression model (STR). The pricing of the premiums seems to change from 1985 and the rate of growth of premium appears to be represented by a smooth transition error correction model (STECM). Then the estimation of the static and the dynamic panels allowed us to detect similaritires in the dynamics of the combined ratios of the lines of the non life insurance. Similarly, the estimation of cointegration relations in panel data allowed us to identify differences in the determinants of the premiums lines of the non life insurance. Finally, the comparative analysis by country showed that the rate of growth of the premiums of the countries are reproduced by a panel smooth transition error correction panel data (PSTECM)
Bejarano, Quisoboni Daniel. "Economic burden of the long-term effects of treatments for childhood cancer". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASR010.
Texto completo da fonteChildhood cancer survivors (CCS) may require lifelong medical care due to the late effects of cancer treatments. However, little is known about their healthcare utilization and expenditures at long-term, especially in publicly funded health care system. This thesis aimed to estimate and analyse the long-term health care expenditures and hospitalisation rates among CCS in France and to study their associated factors.The research presented in this thesis was based on data from the French Childhood Cancer Survivors Study (FCCSS), which is a retrospective cohort of 7,670 5-year CCS diagnosed before the age of 21 years between 1946 and 2000 in France. The FCCSS is linked to the National Health Data System (SNDS), which contains comprehensive data on billing and reimbursement of the beneficiaries' health care expenditures since 2006.We found that the annual mean healthcare expenditures among CCS was € 4,255 (SD: 18,790). Expenditures on hospitalization and pharmacy represented ~60% of total expenditures. Our results also showed that female gender and being survivor of a central nervous system (CNS) tumour were associated with increased health care expenditures. We then estimated hospitalisation rates among CCS and detailed the hospitalisation-related clinical diagnoses compared with those of the French general population with the same gender, age and region of residence. We found that survivors were hospitalised more than twice as often as the matched reference population and they had more than three times as many in-patient bed-days. Our results showed that the highest risk for hospitalisation in CCS was related to neoplasm, followed by endocrine diseases, blood diseases, and diseases of the circulatory system. Finally, we compared the health care expenditures of the FCCSS with that of the general French population mentioned above and found that the annual mean excess healthcare expenditures for CCS compared with the median of the reference population was € 3,920 (95% CI: 3539 - 4301). A higher excess was significantly associated with having been treated before the 1990s and having survived a CNS tumour, whereas a lower excess was associated with not receiving treatment with radiotherapy.In conclusion, this thesis showed that CCS are at higher risk of health care use and expenditure, leading to considerable excess compared with the median health care expenditure of the general population of the same sex and age. This high expenditure was related to high hospitalisation rates among CCS. Older survivors, CNS tumours survivors, and those treated with radiotherapy had a higher risk of health service use and expenditure. These results led us to recommend that special attention be paid to this population, especially in terms of follow-up and prevention of complications, and to support the development of effective innovative treatments
Pilorge, Céline. "Réguler le marché de ville du médicament français : Trois essais de microéconomie appliquée". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0061/document.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis addresses several issues: on the one hand, we focus on policies for controlling drug expenditures: on the other hand, we analyze the price competition on the OTC drugs market, in a context of drugs delisting policies.In recent years, some plans to affect change and improve prescribing practices are developed, with the emergence of physician profiling methods. The first chapter wonders about such a profiling in the current information system. Results show that outliers can be correctly identified; but to broaden profiling, we have to use some disease-specific indicators, or to improve information systems with diagnostic codes to define more general indicators.In addition to patient health, various sociological and economic factors may influence physician practices, including the competitive environment. The second chapter focuses on the unequal spatial distribution of general practitioners on drugs prescribing variability. Results are sensitive to the specification used for the medical density variable and suggest there is no effect of the density variation on the average prescribing cost per patient and per physician. However, this result reflects the sum of two opposite effects that cancel.In a context where the sale of OTC drugs outside pharmacies is controversial, the third chapter show there is no price competition between pharmacies on this market segment
Voltaire, Louinord. "Méthode d'évaluation contingente et évaluation économique d'un projet de réserves naturelles dans le Golfe du Morbihan". Brest, 2011. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00649351.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is part of the context of a nature reserves program in the Gulf of Morbihan. Using contingent valuation (CV) method we estimate the economic benefits derived by tourist population from such a program, and discuss ways to recover these benefits. We estimate the benefits taking into account two issues not considered enough in the CV literature. 1) the potential sensitivity of the individuals to the payment vehicles proposed; 2) the possible existence of a selection bias related to one or several explanatory variables of the willingness to pay (WTP), selection bias which is in addition to usually controlled in CV studies, namely that corresponding to individuals’ decision to pay or not. A survey was conducted in summer 2007 during winch a sample of tourists stated their WTP through a home tax and another via an entrance fee. Our results show that the payment vehicles used affect the choice of the tourists to pay, on the one hand, and the amounts indicated, on the other. They also highlight the existence of the two types of selection bias suspected and therefore the need to control them when estimating the WTP model. Beyond these issues, the thesis shows that from tourists’ point of view, there is an advantage to protect the Gulf of Morbihan’s natural features through the implementation of nature reserves. Finally, in a hypothetical context of funding of these via the entrance fee whose amount would be estimated on the basis of the WTP obtained, this thesis discusses the practice of a single tariff, in a context of revenue maximization, and a differential tariff, in a context of equity
Pham, Thao. "Market power in power markets in Europe : the Cases in French and German woholesale electricity markets". Thesis, Paris 9, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA090019/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe two last centuries have witnessed an exceptional revolution in the organization of electric power markets worldwide. The industry's organization has changed from vertically integrated monopolies under regulation to unbundled structures that favor market mechanisms; known as reform process in Europe. The shift to reliance on market prices, given concentrated structures and particular characteristics of electricity industry, raises a possibility that some firms could influence the market prices by exercising their market power. The issues of "market power" in a given industry have been abundantly employed in the literatureof Industrial Organization since the late 1970s but theoretical and empirical studies of "market power in electricity markets" have only been developed recently. In this thesis, we attempt to carry out an insight research around market power questions in deregulated wholesale electricity markets in Europe, as regarding the way of defining and measuring it. We carry out empirical studies in two of the biggest liberalized electricity markets in Europe: France (2009-2012's data) and Germany (2011's data), using econometric regressions and electricity simulation models as main methodologies. The subject is particularly relevant inthe context of energy transition in Europe (transition energetique in France and Energiewende in Germany)
Benso, Gérard. "Les transports maritimes et aériens de la Corse : la continuité territoriale". Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3076/document.
Texto completo da fonteCorsica is the northernmost of the big western Mediterranean islands, as well as the smallest (3680 km2) and the less populated (330 000 inhabitants). Even if Corsica is nearer from Italian coasts than French ones, it takes part fully of French mainland where a significant diaspora lives and creates tight trades.Since Antiquity, Corsica had business relations with the mainland. It started with Italian peninsula, and went on with mainland France after its annexation in 1768.Two main technological revolutions promoted a huge increase in the trade relations: the emergence of steamboats in 1830 followed by the plane in the 20th century.Technological improvements are still continuing to reduce time of flights and sea crossings, increasing thus transport capacity.Territorial collectivity of Corsica is in charge of transports and delegates public services to the airlines and shipping companies. While French state progressively withdraws, European Union is more and more involved to impose free market.Even if infrastructures evolved with the fleet changings, they are still determined by the compartmentalized relief of the island which led to the construction of seven ports and four airports in order to serve better the different territories.Goods’ traffic is of modest size and unbalanced (entries rather higher than exits), whereas passengers’ one has increased tenfold in sixty years. For this last one, an inequality of distribution along the year is observed (seasonal variations), as well as between ports and airports. Progressively the plane’s part gets closer to the boat’s one. Passengers are mainly tourists that remain less numerous than those of the competing islands.Fares have been reduced significantly for Corsican residents, but still remain high for the other passengers. This problem will have to be solved to improve territorial continuity
Bouteiller, Catherine. "Différenciation tarifaire dans les réseaux de transports urbains et interurbains de voyageurs : quels apports pour les services publics de transport et l’aménagement ?" Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20024.
Texto completo da fonteThe purpose of this thesis is to define and identify the effects of price discrimination policies on the use and organization of urban public transports. Price discrimination is the possibility to price a service with different level of tariff. At first, we will define the issues around public transport fares, whose complexity is now mitigated by existing smart cards and other payment tools. Then, the spatial dimension of the fare will be given special attention through the study of the relationships between fee structure and spatial morphology of 10 cities around the world. The relationships between urban morphology and pricing will be confirmed. Knowing that usage of public transport are diverse, it is essential to have a good knowledge of users habits. Smard Card data reconstruction provides geographical and statistical information that can be re used for urban planning and for pricing policy. How ?Grand Paris orbital line 15, will be launched in 2020. It is an example of introducing a new metro line inducing significant time savings for commuters. Passengers will be given a real alternative between their usual route and the new one. The new route can offer several advantages: gain of time spent during the trip, gain in terms of number of transfers, comfort gain, security gain, price advantages. This could be an opportunity for an agency to review its fare policy. Our model is based on existing travel flows derived from the itinerary reconstruction from Navigo Smart Card pass. It establishes the principles of a fare grid based on travelers’ preferences and current travel patterns. For this research, we used data from public transport pass users in the Paris’ Metropolitan area, for one month. Finally, we show that price discrimination is related to "mobility" and not to “public transport”. If we consider the mobility needs of the user, pricing is no longer that of “transportation” but a package of services enabling access to different forms of mobility. Therefore it is transport governance that can be a problem. How to federate all mobility stakeholders in France? This dimension is essential for public transport authorities. It is a key success factor for achieving ambitious and sustainable urban planning policies
Brissaud, Laurence. "Le franchissement du fleuve à Vienne (Isère)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010581.
Texto completo da fonteThe study of the ancient road to the archaeological site of Saint-Romain-en-Gal (Rhône), conducted for twenty-five years, helped to highlight the essential role of the Portico street in the development of this area of Antique Vienna, on the right bank of the Rhône. Across the plain from west to east, the street would strop abruptly on the bank of the Rhône opposite the ancient heart of the capital of the Allobroges, raised the issue of crossing the river. The number of bridges attributed to the Roman era has seen changes over time. An important historiographical research has been conducted to determine actual knowledge clues proving the presence of one or more works of ancient art at the height of Vienna, duplex urbs. But to understand their logic implementation, it took also follow the genesis of installing newer crossing points that were subject to the same topographical and urban and ancient books constraints. It appears from this study that two bridges can be attributed to the Roman era. The third, more monumental, stone bridge, seen in the collective memory as the roman bridge in the city, however, seems to go back to the High Middle Age
Besnard, Aurélien. "Distribution et sélection d’habitat des passereaux prairiaux en plaine d’inondation". Thesis, Angers, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ANGE0022/document.
Texto completo da fonteThe intensification of agricultural practices in the last decades profoundly changed agricultural ecosystems. Grassland birds are particularly affected by these changes and have been declining sharply. The implementation of Agro-Environmental Schemes (AES) failed to halt this decline. Assessing their effectiveness requires a better understanding of the ecological responses of species in the ecosystem. We attempted to quantify and analyze the distribution and habitat selection of grassland birds in the floodplains of the Loire basin in Western France. This study aimed at building and testing relevant environmental predictors of moisture, climate, vegetation and landscape. Then, we established species response to these predictors and built local distribution models. This study confirmed the prominent rôle of moisture gradient for grassland bird populations in floodplains. The location on the gradient determines habitat quality for these species especially by affecting vegetation composition. It also controls the phenology of mowing, a key factor for reproductive success. Finally, this gradient is largely determined by flooding susceptibility, which may affect bird distribution when flood occurs in spring. In such years, we observed a spatial mismatch between AES and grassland bird distributions in floodplain. We also highlighted the avoidance of hedgerows by grassland birds, which stresses the incompatibility at fine scale between two objects of biodiversity conservation. Finally, we used the environmental predictors to model the distributions the main grassland birds, which models highlighted differences in habitat use between grassland species. These results emphasize the need to redefine the priorities of conservation at the landscape scale. They could also be considered to improve the efficiency of AES