Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Fishing debris"
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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Fishing debris"
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Song, Kyounghwan, Seunghyun Lee, Taehwan Joung, Jiwon Yu e Jongkoo Park. "Estimating the Amount of Submerged Marine Debris Based on Fishing Vessels Using Multiple Regression Model". Sustainability 15, n.º 20 (23 de outubro de 2023): 15172. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su152015172.
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The majority of marine debris is found in shallow waters; however, submerged debris accumulated at the sea bottom is affected by this kind of pollution. To mitigate the harmful effect of marine debris, we have to recognize its characteristics. However, it is hard to estimate the quantity of submerged marine debris because the monitoring of submerged marine debris requires greater cost and time compared to the monitoring of beach or coastal debris. In this study, we used the data for submerged marine debris surveyed in the sea near the Korean Peninsula from 2017 to 2020 and the data of fishing vessels passing through the areas from 2018 to 2020. In addition, the correlation of major factors affecting the amount of submerged marine debris was analyzed based on the fishing vessel data and the removal project data for submerged marine debris. Moreover, we estimated the amount of submerged marine debris based on the fishing vessels at the collection sites surveyed two or more times using a stepwise regression model. The average amount of submerged marine debris estimated by the model was 6.0 tonnes more than that by the removal project, for which the error was ~26.5% compared to the amount collected by the removal project. The estimation method for submerged marine debris developed in this study can provide crucial information for an effective collection project by suggesting areas that require a collection project for submerged marine debris based on the information of fishing vessels.
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Widiyanti, Astrini, Lalu Auliya Akraboe Littaqwa e Edwin Jefri. "Marine Debris Mitigation Strategy in Supporting the Development of Sustainable Tourism in SEZ Mandalika Lombok". Jurnal Presipitasi : Media Komunikasi dan Pengembangan Teknik Lingkungan 20, n.º 1 (29 de janeiro de 2023): 53–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/presipitasi.v20i1.53-66.
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Concerns about increasing marine debris at priority tourist destinations in SEZ Mandalika require a comprehensive mitigation strategy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the characteristics of marine debris on three different types of beaches and to analyze marine debris mitigation strategies. Data collection was conducted by field survey with a transect methode. Marine debris mitigation strategies are identified quantitative SWOT analysis. Characteristics of macro marine debris at Tanjung Aan Beach based on the amount dominated 41% plastic. Meso marine debris is dominated by plastic foam in the form of white cork 48%. In the fishing area, the characteristics of marine debris is dominated type of cloth material 52% in the form of fishing thread and other fabrics. Meso marine debris in the fishing area dominated 45% in the form of white cork flakes. Characteristics of macro marine debris at Batu Berang Beach, it was found that fabric waste dominated 42%. Meso waste in Batu Beach is dominated 60% plastic. The alternative strategy that the highest score (2.99) is the sorting of organic and non-organic waste in various coastal typologies by visitors with the preparation of facilities and infrastructure by the tourism management or village government.
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Waileruny, Welem, Prulley A. Uneputty, Kedswin G. Hehanussa, Dinatonia J. Matruty, A. M. O. Sabandar e Delly DP Matrutty. "Impact of Marine Debris to Fishing Operation at Ambon Bay". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1207, n.º 1 (1 de julho de 2023): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1207/1/012017.
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Abstract Marine debris is a serious problem around the world. The entry of garbage into the sea not only threatens the survival of various marine organisms but also disturbs fishing activities, thereby reducing fishermen’s production and income. This study aimed to identify the fishing gear damaged by marine debris during fishing operations and analyze how much the marine debris impacted the production of various fishing units. Data were obtained from 101 fishermen operating at Ambon Bay by observation, interview, and descriptive analysis. Obstacles by the trash during fishing operations are among the trash twisted or attached to fishing gear; trash are twisted at the propeller of the boat and damage the fishing gear. On the fishing line group, the main hurdle is on the vertical hand line, where the trash are entangled at the hook; on the gill net group, the main hurdle is on the bottom gill net, where the trash are twisted to body net; and on the seine group, the main constraint is on the beach seine, where the trash are trapped in the cod end. This condition causes a decline in production, with the biggest impact on the bottom gill net, with a decrease in production of 4.38% from the average production per trip.
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Silitonga, N. A., S. Agustina e S. Karina. "Identification of marine debris from fishery activities in Nipah and Alue Riyeung beaches, Nasi island, Northern Aceh waters". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1221, n.º 1 (1 de agosto de 2023): 012050. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1221/1/012050.
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Abstract It is believed that the debris discovered in the ocean originated on land and was unintentionally and purposely transported by a river. Marine debris will accumulate on the water’s surface and sink to the bottom over time, polluting the seawater if left mismanaged. The life of marine organism will be threatened by the existence of the debris. The purpose of this study is to quantify the quantity of macro-sized marine debris generated by fishing activities. This study was carried out on Nasi Island in Aceh Besar from February to April 2022. Sampling of marine debris was carried out using the shoreline method with a 100 meter long transect. Marine debris from fishing activities identified includes types of plastic, plastic foam, cloth and wood, with a total of 179 items.
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Kozioł, Anna, Kristofer Gunnar Paso e Stanisław Kuciel. "Properties and Recyclability of Abandoned Fishing Net-Based Plastic Debris". Catalysts 12, n.º 9 (26 de agosto de 2022): 948. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12090948.
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Plastics in marine environments undergo molecular degradation via biocatalytic and photocatalytic mechanisms. Abandoned, lost, or discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) damages marine and coastal environments as well as plant and animal species. This article reviews ghost fishing, ecological damage from marine plastics, recommended recycling practices and alternative usages of derelict fishing gear. Material mixing techniques are proposed to counteract the effect of biocatalytic and photocatalytic biodegradation within the context of plastic fish net recycling. There is a need for a new and rapid “multidimensional molecular characterization” technology to quantify, at a batch level, the extent of photocatalytic or biocatalytic degradation experienced on each recovered fishing net, comprising molecular weight alteration, chemical functional group polydispersity and contaminant presence. Rapid multidimensional molecular characterization enables optimized conventional material mixing of recovered fishing nets. In this way, economically attractive social return schemes can be introduced for used fishing nets, providing an economic incentive for fishers to return conventional fishing nets for recycling.
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Nash, Anne D. "Marine Debris and Fishing off Irian Jaya". Environmental Conservation 18, n.º 1 (1991): 80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0376892900021408.
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Jones, Madeleine M. "Fishing debris in the Australian marine environment". Marine Pollution Bulletin 30, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1995): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0025-326x(94)00108-l.
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Sherow, Brie A., Emma L. Johnston e Graeme F. Clark. "Piers are hotspots for benthic marine debris in an urbanised estuary". PLOS ONE 17, n.º 12 (28 de dezembro de 2022): e0274512. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0274512.
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Records of anthropogenic marine debris and the threats it poses are increasing worldwide, yet we know relatively little about the distribution of benthic debris. The seafloor is the final destination for a large proportion of debris due to the degradation and sinking of items. A more detailed understanding of debris distributions in hotspots such as urbanised estuaries can help decision makers target management and remediation activities. We selected sites frequented by fishers and boaters in Sydney Harbour, an urbanised estuary, to investigate the impacts of recreational activities on debris abundance. The aim of this study was to examine variation in macro debris (>5mm in diameter) type and abundance at two habitat types (piers and non-piers). We chose five locations at various distances from the estuary mouth. In each location SCUBA teams performed fixed transects at two sites, one under a pier and one over nearby soft-sediment habitat. Debris was recovered by the divers and brought to the surface for classification and disposal. Surveys were repeated multiple times at each location between November 2019 and February 2020, recording a total of 2803 debris items over 36 survey events. Overall, piers had more than ten times the debris abundance of soft-sediment sites, and much higher proportion of debris types related to recreational fishing. Over half of the debris items in this study were plastic (65%), and approximately 70% of the total debris was classified as related to recreational fishing. This trait was most prominent in debris at sites closest to the estuary mouth, likely reflecting increased fishing activity in this area. This study indicates that policy makers and community groups in urbanised estuaries should focus monitoring, reduction, and remediation efforts near artificial structures such as piers, and that public awareness campaigns should target the behaviour of recreational users of these structures.
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Song, Eunhye, Daegi Kim, Cheol-Jin Jeong e Do-Yong Kim. "A Kinetic Study on Combustible Coastal Debris Pyrolysis via Thermogravimetric Analysis". Energies 12, n.º 5 (4 de março de 2019): 836. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12050836.
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Coastal debris has recently emerged as a serious environmental pollution problem. Coastal debris can be treated using pyrolysis because it consists mainly of combustible materials like plastics (e.g., polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), nylon) and wood. In this study, the pyrolysis characteristics of coastal debris were fully utilized by applying their basic data to fuel production. The initial temperature increased from 330 °C to 380 °C for the nylon fishing net coastal debris sample, from 405.01 °C to 430.08 °C for the PE fishing net coastal debris sample, from 395.01 °C to 419.96 °C for the PP rope coastal debris sample, and from 114.95 °C to 115.02 °C for the wood (bamboo) coastal debris sample. The activation rate of the global activation energy and the pre-exponential factors rose with the increasing heating rate, complementing the reduction rate constant due to the larger growth of the exponential term due to the kinetic models used.
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Hong, Mi-Jin, Seongho Yun, Min-Seung Yang, Hye-Jeong Jeon, Jeong-Chil Yoo e Who-Seung Lee. "Status of Marine Debris Damage to Adult and Young Black-Tailed Gulls (Larus crassirostris) in Their Breeding Colonies in South Korea". Diversity 16, n.º 2 (15 de fevereiro de 2024): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d16020124.
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Marine debris from fishing-related paraphernalia poses a threat to the survival of marine organisms, especially seabirds. Although the detrimental effects of marine debris on seabirds have been documented, studies on the extent of damage inflicted by marine debris on the seabird breeding population are scarce. Here, marine debris ingestion and entanglement damage to black-tailed gulls (Larus crassirostris) residing in South Korea were quantified. The five breeding colonies of black-tailed gulls were visited, and the frequency of ingestion and entanglement damage in adults and young were recorded. A total of 25 cases of marine debris damage were confirmed. As a result, damage by marine debris to gulls varied depending on breeding colonies. More adults suffered from entanglement damage than the young, and their most damaged parts were usually their legs. Fishing lines and hooks caused the most damage. We suggest that marine debris damage acquired in breeding colonies could affect breeding success.
Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Fishing debris"
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Imzilen, Taha. "Analyse et modélisation des trajectoires des dispositifs à concentration de poissons dérivants (DCP) dans les zones océaniques tropicales et estimation des risques associés à leur déploiement". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021SORUS266.
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La pollution marine est l’une des principales menaces qui pèsent sur les océans. Une partie importante des déchets et polluants marins provient des activités maritimes, en particulier la pêche, en raison d'équipements jetés, abandonnés, ou perdus. La pêche au thon tropical à la senne contribue à ce problème en construisant et déployant un nombre important de Dispositifs à Concentration de Poissons dérivants (DCP), dont de nombreux sont perdus ou s’échouent en endommageant des habitats fragiles tels que les récifs coralliens. L’objectif général de cette thèse est de proposer trois mesures pour atténuer ces problèmes dans les Océans Indien et Atlantique. Tout d’abord, l’interdiction de déployer des DCP dans les zones risquées permettrait d’éviter un nombre considérable d’échouages. Entre 20% et 40% des échouages pourraient être évités si les déploiements étaient interdits dans l'Océan Indien au sud de 8°N de latitude, dans la zone somalienne en hiver, mais également dans la zone située à l’Ouest des Maldives en été, et au niveau de la zone intertropicale longeant la côte Ouest de l’Afrique pour l'Océan Atlantique. Ensuite, l’identification de régions où les DCP sortent massivement des zones de pêches, ainsi que le passage d’un grand nombre de DCP à proximité de ports, ont mis en évidence que la mise en place d’un programme de récupération des DCP en mer serait efficace pour diminuer considérablement leur perte. Ces deux mesures (interdiction de déploiement et récupération en mer) apparaissent complémentaires puisque les zones qui bénéficieraient moins du premier programme seraient davantage protégées par le second, en particulier au niveau du Nord-Ouest de l'Océan Indien et du Nord du Golfe de Guinée. Enfin, l’évaluation d’un outil de transport Lagrangien pour simuler les trajectoires des DCP a montré que l’efficacité de cet outil à l’échelle du bassin est relativement bonne dans les deux océans, que la capacité à simuler les trajectoires est meilleure dans l’Océan Indien que dans l’Océan atlantique, et que cette capacité dépend de la profondeur et de la résolution spatiale du produit de courant de forçage utilisé. Cet outil pourrait être utilisé en mode opérationnel dans le futur pour anticiper les trajectoires des DCP pouvant conduire à une perte ou à un échouage et donc être utilisé comme un programme de mitigation complémentaire aux deux autres programmes. Les résultats obtenus au cours de ces différents travaux constituent ainsi une base solide pour définir de nouvelles recommandations permettant d’atténuer les risques de perte et d’échouage des DCP et ainsi contribuer à la préservation de nos océans et de nos littorauxMarine pollution has increased over time, becoming a major source of concern. A non-negligible proportion of these waste and pollutants are from sea-based sources, especially fisheries, due to derelict fishing equipment. Tropical tuna purse seine fishing vessels contribute to this problem by deploying large numbers of drifting Fish Aggregating Devices (dFADs), as a significant portion of these floating objects eventually end up derelict, potentially contributing to marine pollution and threatening sensitive ecosystems such as coral reefs. The general objective of this thesis is to use scientific analyses of dFAD trajectory and fishing data to propose mitigation measures to reduce these problems in the Indian and Atlantic Oceans. First, it is demonstrated that prohibiting deployments in areas most likely to lead to beachings has the potential to be effective for reducing the beaching rate. Results indicate that 21% to 40% of beachings could be prevented if deployments were prohibited in high risk areas, roughly delimited by the areas south of 8°S latitude, the Somali zone in winter, and the western Maldives in summer for the Indian Ocean, and in an elongated strip of areas adjacent to the western African coast for the Atlantic Ocean. Next, the identification of areas within the fishing ground where most dFADs exit, as well as the passage of a large number of dFADs close to ports, provides support for the implementation of recovery programs to collect these dFADs at sea and reduce their loss. These two measures appear to be complementary since areas predicted to benefit less from closures are more likely to benefit from recovery programs, particularly in the northwestern Indian Ocean and the northern Gulf of Guinea. Finally, the evaluation of a Lagrangian transport tool to simulate the trajectories of dFADs shows that the efficiency of this tool at the basin scale is relatively good in the two oceans, that the accuracy to simulate the trajectories is better in the Indian Ocean than in the Atlantic Ocean, and that this accuracy depends on the depth and the spatial resolution of the forcing currents product used. This tool could be used in an operational mode in the future to anticipate the trajectories of dFADs that could lead to loss or beaching and therefore be used as a complementary mitigation program to the other two measures described above (prohibiting deployments and recovery at sea). The results obtained during these various works thus constitute a solid basis to define new recommendations to mitigate the risks of loss and beachings of dFADs and thus contribute to the preservation of our oceans and our coasts
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Richardson, KPG. "Lost fishing gear at a global scale : amounts, sources and solutions". Thesis, 2022. https://eprints.utas.edu.au/47545/.
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Abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear (ALDFG) represents a consequential amount of marine debris, with serious adverse socioeconomic and environmental impacts to sustainable fisheries and livelihoods, food security and marine ecosystems. Once introduced to the marine environment, ALDFG injures and kills a variety of marine wildlife, results in losses of fishing gear and catch, presents hazards to navigation and safety at sea, damages fragile marine environments, and is expensive and challenging to recover and clean-up. With most modern fishing gear comprised of highly durable and resilient plastic materials, ALDFG can persist in the marine environment for years to decades, exacerbating its potential for prolonged impacts.
To inform global ALDFG prevention and reduction efforts, this thesis answers critical questions about total amounts and sources of ALDFG in the world’s oceans and identifies effective ALDFG solutions. The thesis presents estimates for ALDFG that can be used as baselines from which to monitor and measure the effectiveness of ALDFG interventions, and to support targeted development and implementation of solutions at scale. Gear loss causes and drivers are identified, which can be used to aid fishers, managers, policy makers and NGOs with fishing gear risk assessments and to tailor sustainable solutions to prevent and reduce ALDFG at source. A review of historic and ongoing work to prevent and mitigate ALDFG highlights successful interventions available for replication and adaptation.
This thesis employs a range of methodologies, which include: examination of efforts by global experts and organizations to build evidence around and combat ALDFG; a comprehensive ALDFG literature review and meta-analysis; and interviews with fishers from seven countries around the world (Belize, Iceland, Indonesia, Morocco, New Zealand, Peru and the United States of America) representing five major fishing gear types (gillnets, purse seine nets, trawl nets, longlines and pots and traps).
The thesis begins with a background of the ALDFG issue and highlights the importance of evidence gathering to inform sustainable solutions, from local to global scales. It summarises innovative approaches to ALDFG data collection and gear retrieval efforts, opportunities to fill data gaps and how to raise awareness of this important topic. Following this overview, it discusses major challenges around the creation of global ALDFG estimates, including costs and consequences of misinformation and the importance of visiting primary sources to ensure sound data collection and dissemination.
Pressures and drivers of gear losses are then explored through a case study of Australian and Indonesian fishers in the Arafura Sea. Major drivers of fishing gear losses reported by these fishers included lack of fisheries enforcement, pressures arising from illegal, unreported and unregulated fishing activities, and overcrowding and overcapacity. This regional case study shares valuable lessons learnt which are broadly applicable on a global scale, including the critical role that effective fisheries management plays in preventing the pressures and drivers that eventually result in ALDFG.
Scaling up from this regional case study to a global examination of ALDFG, the thesis presents results from a global literature review and meta-analysis. This meta-analysis used quantitative data from published ALDFG studies between 1975 – 2017 to create the first synthetic, statistically robust global ALDFG estimates, estimating that 5.7% of all fishing nets, 8.6% of all traps and 29% of all lines are lost around the world each year. Estimates are also provided for specific, sub-gear types operating across various environmental conditions, and basic causes of gear losses are additionally explored across studies. The thesis subsequently examines the causes of gear losses that are common to most major fishing gear types employed around the world through systematic global fisher interviews. Fishers were asked about why they lose gear, and what they view as effective mechanisms for preventing gear losses. Data from the interviews revealed that bad weather, interactions with wildlife, snagging gear on a bottom obstruction, and gear conflicts and interactions with other fishers and vessels are the primary causes of gear losses, across all gear types. Operational and behavioural characteristics such as gear type, vessel length, and the party responsible to pay for gear repairs and replacements also significantly influence gear losses. Fisher interviews emphasize the importance of regular gear maintenance, training crew in gear management, reducing active gear interactions with wildlife, improving access to port reception facilities for end of life gear, reducing fishing effort, and targeting ALDFG education and stewardship programs toward lower income fisheries and countries.
The final data chapter provides updated global ALDFG estimates. These estimates use data gleaned directly from global fisher interviews and reflect gear losses according to most current and best available global fishing effort estimates. These estimates represent the largest international survey of fishers around gear losses, and account for influences from vessel size and gears contacting the seafloor. The estimates predict that nearly 2% of all fishing gear, comprising 2,963 km2 of gillnets, 75,049 km2 of purse seine nets, 218 km2 of trawl nets, 739,583 km of longline mainlines, and over 25 million pots and traps are lost to the ocean annually.
In summary, this body of research presents the first global, statistically rigorous estimates for total amounts of ALDFG entering the world’s oceans annually to provide topical, relevant baselines of the magnitude of this serious environmental and socioeconomic issue. The thesis also provides insights into why and how gear becomes lost, including major pressures and drivers behind gear losses, and highlights the critical importance of good fisheries management to effectively prevent gear losses at source. Better understanding how much, where and why fishing gear losses occur, as well as effective prevention and reduction measures ultimately contributes to more sustainable fisheries and a cleaner, healthier marine environment whilst ensuring food security into the future.
Livros sobre o assunto "Fishing debris"
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Marine Debris Program (U.S.). Reeling in marine debris: A reference guide to recycling monofilament fishing line. Silver Spring, Md.]: U.S. Dept. of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 2007.
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Macfadyen, G. Abandoned, lost or otherwise discarded fishing gear. Rome: United Nations Environment Programme, 2009.
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Workshop, on Fisheries-generated Marine Debris and Derelict Fishing Gear (1988 Portland Or ). Oceans of plastic: Report on a Workshop on Fisheries-generated Marine Debris and Derelict Fishing Gear : February 9-11, 1988, Portland, Oregon, USA. Fairbanks, AK: Alaska Sea Grant College Program, University of Alaska, 1988.
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Stachowitsch, Michael. "Fishing Gear". In The Beachcomber’s Guide to Marine Debris, 263–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-90728-4_11.
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Kruse, Katrin, Katrin Knickmeier, Dennis Brennecke, Bianca Unger e Ursula Siebert. "Plastic Debris and Its Impacts on Marine Mammals". In Marine Mammals, 49–62. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-06836-2_4.
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AbstractIn recent decades, global plastic consumption has rapidly increased. Large quantities of plastics enter the environment in various ways, often ending up in the oceans. Plastic debris is nowadays found in any aquatic ecosystems. Due to its long durability, plastics may drift around with ocean currents for decades. Nowadays, plastic debris can be found in any aquatic ecosystem. Eventually, plastics decay into smaller fragments and sink to the seafloor. Marine mammals are affected by plastics in three major ways: They confuse large pieces of plastics with food, they become entangled in fishing nets, and they ingest smaller plastic fragments together with prey items. Here we discuss causes and solutions to these problems. We use exercises to investigate plastic debris in the environment and discuss how we all can become part of the solution through our own actions.
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Buoninsegni, Joana, Elisabetta Olivo, Maria Grazia Paletta, Carmela Vaccaro e Corinne Corbau. "Marine litter surveys on Boccasette beach (Rovigo, Italy)". In Ninth International Symposium “Monitoring of Mediterranean Coastal Areas: Problems and Measurement Techniques”, 156–64. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0030-1.14.
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This study aims to evaluate the presence of marine litter in relation to the main human activities and during some different meteorological conditions. Five surveys were performed along Boccasette spit to collect the stranded items, in order to assess the density of debris and the beach cleanliness. The main litter macro-category is represented by artificial polymer materials (96%), while the others macro-categories represent the 4% of collected items. The main sources of the marine litter have been attributed to improper waste disposal and fishing/aquaculture activities.
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Weis, Judith S. "Marine Debris". In Marine Pollution. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/wentk/9780199996698.003.0003.
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Why is marine debris so abundant? Marine debris is any solid manufactured item that enters the marine environment, including cigarette butts, fishing line, diapers, bottles and cans, syringes, and tires. It is a pervasive pollution problem that has been made worse by the increasing...
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DeGeare, Joe. "Thru-Tubing Debris Catchers". In The Guide to Oilwell Fishing Operations, 173–75. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-420004-3.00025-3.
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DeGeare, Joe, David Haughton e Mark McGurk. "Thru-Tubing Debris Catchers". In The Guide to Oilwell Fishing Operations, 162–64. Elsevier, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-075067702-8/50026-8.
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"Mitigating Impacts of Natural Hazards on Fishery Ecosystems". In Mitigating Impacts of Natural Hazards on Fishery Ecosystems, editado por Timothy R. Osborn, Howard Danley e Edward L. Martin. American Fisheries Society, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.47886/9781934874011.ch8.
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<em>Abstract</em>.—Hurricanes Katrina and Rita critically impacted the northern Gulf Coast. Shrimping and other commercial fishing industries saw large scale destruction of vessels and shore based facilities in addition to a deposition of large amounts of debris on fishing grounds from Alabama to Louisiana. In 2006, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA’s) Office of Coast Survey and Office of Response and Restoration started the implementation of a large scale hazards survey program to map the coastal waters of Louisiana, Mississippi, and Alabama. The first phase of the effort involved surveying more than 600 square nautical miles of coastal bays and nearshore waters with sidescan and single beam acoustic sonar. Survey findings are posted each week on a NOAA public Web site displaying the location of each hazard and debris found. The survey work is also updating the NOAA navigation charts for coastal areas that are used heavily by fishing vessels, the navigation industry, and recreational boaters. Survey planning and implementation is conducted cooperatively with the marine fisheries agencies of Alabama, Mississippi, and Louisiana.
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Mghili, Bilal, Mohamed Analla e Mustapha Aksissou. "Overview of Marine Plastic Pollution in the Moroccan Mediterranean". In Environmental Pollutants in the Mediterranean Sea: Recent Trends and Remediation Approaches, 68–84. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815179064123010006.
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Plastic debris has become the main component of marine litter in the Moroccan Mediterranean due to the massive consumption of plastic and poor plastic waste management. In Morocco, plastic pollution has been a subject of increasing environmental concern in the last few years. This literature review was conducted to collect current data on plastic pollution in the Moroccan Mediterranean, considering the presence of marine debris as well as macroplastics and microplastics in different compartments. Our study shows that, until now, very few studies have been carried out and there is a lack of information, especially on the prevalence of plastic debris in the water environment, sea floor, and aquatic animals. In general, plastic is the most predominant waste on the beaches of the Moroccan Mediterranean, always contributing to more than 50% of the total composition of the waste encountered. Based on the records, tourism, recreational activities, and fishing are one of the main sources of plastic accumulation in the Moroccan Mediterranean. This was due to a lack of awareness among beach users. Awareness and behavior change is key to minimizing plastic waste on Morocco's beaches and coasts. In addition, all aspects of waste management must be improved. The beaches of the Moroccan Mediterranean have also been contaminated by microplastics. A significant positive correlation was also observed between human population density and industrial activity on microplastic abundance. Microplastic has only been found in a few commercial fish species and sea turtles, but more work will be needed in the future.
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Patterson, James T. "World Affairs, 1953-1956". In Grand Expectations, 276–310. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195117974.003.0011.
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Abstract On March 1, 1954, the United States tested the world’s first hydrogen bomb at Bikini Atoll in the Marshall Islands. More awesome than scientists anticipated, it proved to be 750 times more powerful than the A-bomb dropped at Hiroshima. Radioactive debris from the blast spread across 7,000 square miles of the Pacific, including inhabited islands, and enveloped a small Japanese fishing boat, Fukuryu Maru (the Lucky Dragon) that was some ninety miles east of Bikini at the time. Radioactive ash rained down on the fishermen. Some lost their appetites and grew nauseous. Their skin turned darker, and sores broke out on their fingers and necks, which had been most exposed to the radiation. When the boat got back to Japan two weeks later, twenty-three of the crew were said to be suffering from radiation sickness. Fishermen on other Japanese boats returned to port and also complained of contamination. An outcry arose, peaking six months later when Aikichi Kuboyama, a Lucky Dragon fisher man, died. American authorities said he had been felled by hepatitis acquired from a blood transfusion, but his organs revealed pronounced effects of radiation. Admiral Lewis Strauss, chairman of the Atomic Energy Commission, stated that the fishermen had belonged to a “Red spy outfit.”,
Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Fishing debris"
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McCoy, Christine. "Fishing for Energy Partnership Cleans up Marine Debris Pollution and Promotes Benefits of Recycling and Energy-From-Waste". In 18th Annual North American Waste-to-Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nawtec18-3523.
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Fishing for Energy (FfE) is a partnership of Covanta Energy Corporation, the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF), the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) Marine Debris Program, and Schnitzer Steel Industries, Inc. The purpose of the FfE partnership is to provide fishermen with a no-cost disposal option for old or derelict fishing gear and to convert it into clean, renewable energy, using state-of-the-art Energy-from-Waste technology. To date, nearly 270 tons of gear has been collected, metals are recovered for recycling, and the rest has generated approximately 330 MWh of electricity.
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Ismail, Ahmed Ibrahim, Ayman Mohamed Salama, Lotfi Ibrahim Abouelmaati e Mohamed Hussein Medany. "An Innovative-Engineered Multipurpose Lifter Solution Resulted in Step Change in Offshore Debris Removal Operation". In Gas & Oil Technology Showcase and Conference. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/214338-ms.
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Abstract Drilling offshore requires debris removal operation to remove any debris or anomalies that have been highlighted or found during any previously remotely operated vehicle (ROV) operations or geophysical surveys for certain location before Rig approaches. It is important to maintain any subsea structure and its premises clear from any debris that may affect any upcoming operation hence, the structure stability and safety regardless of water depth, which considered as one of the limiting factors. Debris management is a major concern for all companies operate offshore rigs as offshore debris is responsible for many of the problems and much of the extra cost associated with extreme water depths. The offshore debris usually comes from trash, fishing gear, inadequate waste disposal and management, industrial activities, structure abrasion, construction and illegal dumping and other items lost off vessels or platforms at sea. This paper discusses procedures and tool systems developed to optimize the efficiencies and economics of debris removal. Issues pertinent to water depths, debris size, shape will be discussed, with the problems associated with removal of debris caused by human activates, aged structure, inadequate waste disposal, etc. The authors will outline techniques and procedures for removal of this debris and discuss a tool system that is a workable solution for these problems. This paper will focus on the use of a Multipurpose debris lifter to remove debris from areas within platform vicinity that have normally proven very difficult. The system has been shown to be effective in removing debris from problem areas.
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Ragaglia, Simone, Luca Luigi Napoleone, Antonio Carotenuto, Guerino De Dominicis, Salvatore Luppina, Alessandro Mangione, Abderrahmane Faraoun, Houssam Mourani e Gianluca Allegretti. "Innovative Use of Wireline Tools Enables Successful Re-Entry on Subsea Wells". In Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition & Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207442-ms.
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Abstract Re-entry of subsea wells can always hide unforeseen difficulties. Contingency mobilization of coiled tubing (CT) usually gives a wide spread of solutions to overcome most of the possible events. However, when operating on a winterized semisubmersible rig in the remote fields of the Barents Sea, rig-up of CT spread can be costly and complicated. Furthermore, lighter and easily deployable wireline powered mechanical tools have proven to be effective in tackling most of the possible challenges. Possible tubing obstruction issues can be resolved via clean-out/suction, pumping, or milling methods. In this instance, all three were used with different tools to clear the obstruction from the tubing and to clean with precision inside an internal fishing profile of a well head barrier plug to allow for well access. The first challenge encountered when re-entering the tubing in Well-1 was the presence of a 151m long hydrate plug. It was easily removed by an e-line tool capable of applying 10 bar of dynamic underbalance, while maintaining a continuous flow circulation. Such an application is a novel development in the use of existing tools. After removing the hydrate plug, it was discovered that the tubing was plugged by 246m of wax deposits, which were preventing communication with the reservoir. To overcome this problem, a jetting tool was utilized to continuously pump fresh wax solvent inside the landing string. Pumping continuously fresh wax dissolvent provided a unique and effective means to mechanically and chemically remove a significant obstruction. Once the communication with the reservoir was re-established, an additional obstruction of almost 129m (resistant to the wax dissolvent) was encountered. To overcome this challenge an e-line milling tool was utilized, and the resulting debris was bullheaded down into the reservoir. Similarly, when re-entering Well-2 a challenge was encountered to pull a barrier plug due to debris deposits inside the internal fishing profile. Both e-line milling and suction tools were sequentially used to resolve the problem and prepare the plug for retrieval. The tools used were already available on the market for different applications. In this case the tools were used in an alternative way, using their features to solve issues beyond conventional expectations. The result fosters confidence to plan future re-entry without the need for mobilizing a CT spread.
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Murchie, Stuart William, Odd Einar Magnussen, Tore Finnesand, Kristian Andersen e Peter Gaballa. "Unique Electric Line Deployed Mechanical Cutting, Milling and Pulling Solution Successfully Applied in a Complex Fishing Operation, Regaining Access to a Critical Well". In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218329-ms.
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Abstract An offshore injection well in an operating field situated in the Norwegian Continental Shelf was being used for secure dumping of old drill water and well debris, this being a critical resource in support of field operations. During a routine check of the functionality of the well's downhole safety valve (DHSV) it failed its seal test. A flow tube exercise tool was run to try and resolve the situation, however it proceeded to get stuck within the DHSV, preventing the valve functionality, blocking access to the well and hence rendering the well unusable until a solution was found. The customer utilised all usual means to fish the exercise tool, with numerous slickline and e-line runs to jar and pull the fish proving unsuccessful. An assortment of high strength fishing tools were also used, including a high strength stroker providing as high as 100 Klbs force. This too was unsuccessful, proving brute force was not the solution. A detailed analysis of the situation was carried out to determine the probable cause, the extent of the challenges faced, and the appropriate solution options available. A thorough recovery plan was then devised based on a number of key steps and processes to be executed, with a decision tree created to aid operational progress. Steps included a means of determining the exact position of the core of the exercise tool. Bespoke tooling was also designed and tested to provide the securing, cutting and milling of several internal components of the exercise tool to enable it to be pulled free from the valve. These e-line deployed solutions were highly innovative, providing extremely effective, precise, and controlled capabilities resulting in the flow tube exercise tool retrieval, in turn enabling further intervention operations and a subsequent re-completion to be carried out. As a result of the processes and solutions devised to recover the stuck exercise tool from this well, a new method for securely exercising DHSV flow tubes using strokers has been devised and applied as an alternate method by the operator.
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Scott, Martin Schoener, Pedro Henrique Garcia Bazan, Jose Salles Rosa Neto, Alison Pagung, Bruno Rodrigues Botinha, Réda Tazaïrt e João Paulo Faria Ceccon. "New Technique to Plug and Abandon Intelligent Well Completions with Flat Packs". In Offshore Technology Conference Brasil. OTC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4043/32948-ms.
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Abstract The scope of this abstract is to highlight the complexities that arise when attempting to plug and abandon (P&A) smart well completions. Just about every well that has a smart completion design includes flat pack equipment. Flat packs are commonly used when several different lines are terminated at approximately the same depth in the well. Common applications include intelligent well systems, deep-set chemical injection lines with downhole gauge cable and safety valve lines with shallow set chemical injection lines. As part of the complex P&A operation the upper completion of the well must be retrieved. To retrieve the upper completion, the production tubing and the flat pack must be cut or severed completely. If the cut is partial there is a high probability of losing complete sections of control line and associated debris in the well bore. This debris can potentially negate the possibility of providing a clean and secure well abandonment, not to mention the high cost of non-productive time (NPT) due to fishing operations to remove the debris. Two System Integration Tests (SIT) were completed to prove the concept of cutting through pipe and a flat pack within a single operation, one with a 5 ½″ 23ppf S13Cr 95ksi pipe inside of a 10 ¾″ casing and the second was with a 6 5/8″ 28ppf S13Cr 95ksi inside 10 ¾″ casing. Prior to inserting the 5 ½″ pipe into the casing, a flat pack was strapped to the external wall of the pipe. A section of the casing wall was cut out to install an acrylic window to visualize the cutting operation and evaluate its effectiveness. The cutting tool was inserted into the tubing and placed in position to make the cut of the pipe and the flat pack with control lines. The cutting process took approximately 2 hours for both tubing sizes. The tool was able to successfully cut the tubing and the flat pack in two tests. Based on these results, the solution was deployed on an actual operation in 2021 with excellent results described in this paper. This cutter technology can be used for other size tubing and casing combinations. The time it takes to make the cut is considerably less than having to clean up the well bore after attempting to retrieve the upper completion using other less effective cutting methods. This cutter technology can make multiple cuts in a single run, and it can also be used to cut multiple casings. No explosive or chemicals are used to make the cut.
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Ngo, Xuan Dong. "E-line Milling of Isolation Valve Restores Well Access in the North Sea". In SPE Norway Subsurface Conference. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209533-ms.
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Abstract Milling interventions can resolve a variety of issues related to downhole restrictions, and these extend beyond remediation of typical scale buildup. One such problem or challenge is that of downhole hardware becoming stuck or no longer functioning properly. In early 2020, a North Sea operator experienced a significant increase in water cut from a horizontal producer and needed to investigate. Production logging found no evidence of scale, but the run did reveal a half-open formation isolation valve. An additional caliper log showed the valve had a clean shifting profile, but, after a failed open-close operation, the operator decided to mill the valve to make further logging and water shut off possible. The e-line toolstring consisted of a tractor and a milling tool with a specialized milling bit. The function of the tractor was twofold, providing conveyance to target depth as well as countering the torque of the milling tool during the operation. A Power Suction Tool was also included as a contingency for potential fishing of milled hardware/debris. During the run, after tagging the valve, hardware milling was carried out in two three-hour stages. The valve was completely milled through, collected as two pieces (half-moons) in a single run. The operation resulted in the removal of the restriction and enabled access to the section of the well below the isolation valve. With the operation requiring just 8.5 hours, the solution provided significant time and cost savings to the operator.
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Campos, Jesus, Azwan Keong, Zhanke Liu, Daniel Tomczak, Tore Kleppan e Max Soerensen. "Understanding Mechanisms of Wellbore Abrasion During Coiled Tubing Intervention". In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/218335-ms.
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Abstract In 2018, coiled tubing (CT) interventions in the Norwegian sector witnessed a rise in the adoption of high-grade quench and tempered (Q&T) CT strings. These interventions primarily focused on multistage fracturing stimulation, involving tasks such as sliding sleeve manipulation, fishing, and, as the wells aged, underbalanced CT cleanouts using nitrified fluids due to reservoir depletion. Recent CT interventions in wells revealed significant wellbore abrasion, manifesting as longitudinal grooves, where dogleg severity builds. This study aims to challenge the perception that high-grade CT, with its increased material hardness, is the primary cause of wellbore abrasion damage. An analysis of over 360 CT runs in 22 wells and more than 30 recent caliper logs sought to identify patterns behind this abrasion. Wells experiencing erosion were categorized by intervention type, wellbore environment (wet or dry) during CT work, CT normal force profiles, abrasion severity from caliper logs, and CT grade used during the work scope. Weighting these data allowed for identifying the primary factor contributing to wellbore abrasion during CT interventions. The study found that high-grade CT is not the primary contributor to abrasion. Instead, the leading causes of wear are a dry or partially dry wellbore environment during interventions and high CT normal forces. Most affected wells with significant abrasion experienced reservoir pressure depletion, resulting in proppant instability and chalk debris entering the wellbore, hindering production. These wells used CT for chalk and proppant cleanout via underbalanced cleanout with nitrified fluids (base oil with nitrogen and/or gas). The wellbore became dry due to sub-hydrostatic conditions, and partially dry during nitrified cleanout. This dry environment increased the abrasion risk as the CT interacted unlubricated with the production tubing. Caliper logs revealed that abrasion primarily occurred at depths between 250-m and 500-m measured depth, where the well deviation and dogleg severity increased. Normal forces magnitude, tied to stiffness and trajectory, spiked at these shallow depths when running in, and amplified while pulling out of hole. This concentrated force, combined with the dry environment due to deeper liquid levels in sub-hydrostatic wells, compounded the abrasion issue. Furthermore, high overpull operations, like fishing or sleeve shifting at deeper depths, elevate normal forces at shallower depths, raising the abrasion risk. These findings sparked a significant shift in intervention planning and execution, with the development of local mitigation measures to reduce abrasion risk; these measurements and the analysis of normal forces are now integrated into the CT operations design process, influencing mature wells intervention planning, cleanout strategies, production management, and completion lifetime expectancy; and are considerations potentially influencing future field completion strategies, including well trajectory adjustments, and stimulation techniques selection. This study opens the potential of developing methods to quantify the abrasion rate for each CT run through data analysis and testing.
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Hammad, Mustafa, Abdulnaser Alfadel Musa, Ahmed M. Musbah, Walied A. Abdellatief, Abdulrahem S. Dakheel, Ayoub Sherik, Hassan Awedan et al. "Precise Wellbore Geometry Preparation and Determination Led to a Successful Installation of Permanent 456-Series ESPs in 5.5-in. Casing". In SPE Caspian Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/217606-ms.
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Abstract Installing permanent 456-series electrical submersible pumps (ESPs) in old and potentially corroded wells completed in 5.5-in. X17ppf casing involves many challenges and risks such as small clearance of 0.009 to 0.13 in., which could lead to string damage or sticking; uncertainty in casing weight due to limited tally information; a corrosive environment that leads to various types of casing deformation; rugosity; and deposits. In a field in North Africa, slim ESP equipment does not meet the production target per well due to limited flow capacity. In addition, in this field, the number of wells with 5.5-in. completions being converted from gas lift to ESP is growing rapidly to meet the field production target. For these reasons, the operator planned an integrated workover operation that included preparing the wellbore with advanced scraper and magnets, investigating the casing condition and cement status, and determining the feasibility of installing a 456-series string and the desired setting depth with minimal risks. The candidate wells underwent a cleanout operation using heavy-duty scraping tools to restore the nominal casing inside diameter from any deposits. This heavy-duty scraping tool can leave ferrous metallic debris, which might affect corrosion and cement logs; therefore, multiple runs of a high-capacity magnet were performed to remove all the ferrous debris left in the well. The wells were then logged with corrosion and cement tools to evaluate the casing geometry and cement status to identify any restrictions, oval or deformed spots, or bad cement intervals to assess any potential risks involved in running in hole/pulling out of hole the 456-series ESP string and to determine the best setting depth for production. Finally, a special equipment configuration and running-in-hole procedures were followed to land the 456-series ESP string safely through 0.009 to 0.13-in. clearance at the desired depth. Six wells underwent a workover operation and were evaluated in terms of wellbore geometry and cement. Some of these wells exhibited excellent geometry condition, and 456-series ESPs were installed at the desired depth without any issues. Other wells exhibited wellbore geometry issues such as different casing weights, oval joints, and casing corrosion or deformation. These wells were evaluated intensively in terms of ESP configuration, design, setting depth, and pump performance, and necessary steps were followed to successfully set the pump at the maximum possible depth. The 456-series ESPs installed in the six wells resulted in production gain of approximately 28,000 BLPD at an average 71% water cut (approximately 8200 BOPD). The novel integrated approach led to first successful 456-series installation in 5.5-in. casing in North Africa in a challenging condition. This integrated approach helped the operator to save 20% of replacement cost of downhole equipment and eliminate the cost of stuck and fishing operations while maintaining the workover schedule. In addition, the solution enabled the operator to meet the company production target of 100,000 BOPD.
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Franco Delgado, Ernesto, Felix Jahn, Liam Weir, Brian Bruce e Nestor Carreno. "Bicentric Milling Approach Enables the Recovery of the Horizontal Section of an Unconventional Well in Turkey". In SPE/ICoTA Well Intervention Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/204426-ms.
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Abstract During the completion phase of an unconventional well in Turkey, casing deformation represented a challenge to the operator and Coiled Tubing (CT) service provider due to the potential loss of almost 70% of the horizontal section. The deformation obstructed the path to continue the milling the remaining plugs. The implementation of bicentric mills and Multi-Cycling Circulation Valve (MCCV) incorporated in the milling assembly allowed efficient recovery of the horizontal section. The tubing condition analysis done by the engineering team showed that symmetric mills would not be beneficial. Conformance tubing was not an option. Bicentric milling approach was deemed the most viable solution. This approach consists of using offset mills where rotation causes the cutting head to cover an area larger than the mill's frontal face. However, this approach could lead the CT pipe getting stuck due to big junk left. The use of a MCCV, limiting the number of milled plugs, and performing a fishing run between milling runs were key to the success of the bicentric milling approach. The Turkish well was completed with ten stages isolated by nine aluminum plugs. During the fracturing of stage seven, an abnormal pressure drop was observed while keeping the same pump rate, indicating possible casing damage. After all the stages were fractured, the CT proceeded to mill the plugs using a 4.63-in Outside Diameter (OD) mill. After three plugs were milled, an obstruction was detected, indicated by frequent aggressive motor stalls at the same depth. A tapered mill was run to perform a tubing conformance, and after several hours of unsuccessful penetration, the tool was recovered. At the surface, the tool showed signs of wear around 4.268 in. A 4.0-in OD mill was used to drift this section, and it passed free. An analysis of both the plug anatomy and the casing condition was done to determine the most viable solution. A 4-in OD bicentric mill was designed to pass across the restriction with an adjusted eccentricity to allow higher contact area. Three bicentric milling runs were made with the limit of a maximum of two plugs per run to avoid a CT stuck situation due to the larger cuttings as a result of the mill's asymmetry. The sparsity of information on using bicentric mills for plug milling required research into unpublished practices for such scenarios. This paper documents bicentric milling approach, the use of offset mills, and the mitigation measurements taken during this project to avoid a stuck situation due to large debris generated.
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Daohmareeyor, Tuanangkoon, Deric Leong Wei Lock e Reawat Wattanasuwan. "The Use of an Organic Crosslinked Polymer Sealant as a Barrier to Retrieve Stuck Coiled Tubing from a Live High Pressure Well After Over a Year: Case Study from Offshore Vietnam". In IADC/SPE Asia Pacific Drilling Technology Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/209856-ms.
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Abstract Coiled Tubing (CT) is a commonly used well intervention technique for sand/debris cleanout, milling, fishing, cementing, and gas lifting applications. Performing cement plug operations with CT in high-pressure live wells can present a relatively high level of risk of getting stuck, improper placement of cement plugs, and poor quality cement plugs. In this scenario, an offshore well in Vietnam was left with CT held only on the surface by the Blow Out Preventers (BOP) after getting stuck downhole more than a year previously. Retrieval of the CT was required without any downhole barrier in place and circumstances that made the conventional killing of the well difficult. This paper will discuss the equipment necessary, factors to consider in the job design, sealant design with lab testing, and describe the technique used to safely retrieve the fish from the well. During the design phase of the solution, risk assessments were carried out to cover various scenarios such as: Poor condition of one or more of the CT string, BOP, dual ball kelly cock valve, double flapper check valve. Inability of the Organic Crosslinked Polymer sealant to hold well pressure. Difficulty in latching the surface CT stump, and the potential requirement for freezing to establish a surface barrier. Along with the specially designed sealant treatment, multiple yard tests for dressing the sheared CT and latching were performed to represent actual conditions during the operation and allow risk mitigation plans to be put in place. Firstly, the barrier verification process was performed to monitor any well pressure build-up from the downhole/surface pressure reading to confirm a barrier was in place, allowing surface equipment to be rigged up. After this was confirmed, the equipment was rigged up, and a fluid circulation test followed by the inflow test of the double flapper check valve in the bottom hole assembly was performed to verify CT integrity. The first of the organic crosslinked polymer was then pumped to plug inside the CT before electric line (E-line) was run into the CT to cut at the free-point above the stuck location. The second organic crosslinked polymer was then placed to plug between the CT and annulus, forming a barrier allowing the makeup of the spoolable connector. Finally, retrieval of the 1,700 meters of CT string took place without any loss of well control. Retrieving the CT from this high pressure well presented a lot of challenges. Achieving a safe and successful operation showed that with proper planning, design, and risk mitigation plans, a potential well control situation can be prevented with the well being secured and successfully returned to production. This paper can now serve as a guideline for future operations with similar circumstances requiring retrieval of stuck CT from high-pressure wells where it has been held on surface for an extended period of time.