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1

Knott, Jean. Fine animal fibres and their depigmentation process. Guimaraes: Universidade do Minho, 1990.

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2

Ltd, Courtaulds Fibres, e Great Britain. Energy Efficiency Office., eds. Cost reductions on a man-made fibre plant identified by a process integration study at Courtaulds Fibres Ltd. London: [Energy Efficiency Office], 1987.

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3

Haghi, A. K., e G. E. Zaikov. Electrospinning process and nanofiber research. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2011.

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4

Printing Industries Research Association. paper and board division. De-inked fibre: The product and the process. Leatherhead: P.I.R.A, 1985.

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5

Reza, Zinolabedini, e United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., eds. Graphite fiber intercalation: Dynamics of the bromine intercalation process. [Washington, DC]: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1985.

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6

Dalton, Robert. Lunar fiberglass: Properties and process design, 1987 report. [Washington, D.C.?: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, 1987.

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7

Eftekhari, Abe. A capacitive technique for real-time monitoring polymer coating thickness on carbon filaments during prepregging process. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.

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8

J, Chapman John, e Langley Research Center, eds. A capacitive technique for real-time monitoring polymer coating thickness on carbon filaments during prepregging process. Hampton, Va: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Langley Research Center, 1990.

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9

Betts, Diane. Wool fibers: Ways to produce, select, process, and spin them by hand. Auburn, Calif: D.F. Betts Enterprises, 1995.

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10

Yāñʻ, Soʻʺ. Mranʻ māʹ rui ̋rā sabhāva chui ̋che ̋nhaṅʻʹ Panʻʹ puṃ ruikʻ lupʻ ṅanʻ ̋ʼa tatʻ paññā. Tā Suvaṇṇa, Ranʻ kunʻ: Mui ̋Kyoʻ Cā pe, 2005.

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11

Brys, Gilbert. Fibre and micro-concrete roofing tiles: Production process and tile-laying techniques. Geneva: International Labour Office, 1992.

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12

Jamieson, R. G. The effect of the sliping process on fibre diameter and subsequent wet processing. Christchurch: WRONZ, 1988.

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13

1952-, Marcus Michael A., Wang Anbo e Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers., eds. Process monitoring with optical fibers and harsh environment sensors: 3-4 November 1998, Boston, Massachusetts. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1998.

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14

Anbo, Wang, Society of Photo-optical Instrumentation Engineers. e Air & Waste Management Association. Optical Sciences Division., eds. Harsh environment sensors II: 19 September 1999, Boston, Massachusetts. Bellingham, Wash., USA: SPIE, 1999.

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15

South India Textile Research Association., ed. 40th joint technological conference, 7th-8th March 1999: Resume of papers. Coimbatore: South India Textile Research Association, 1999.

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16

Gerhard, Egbers, Artzt Peter e Institut für Textil- und Verfahrenstechnik (Denkendorf, Baden-Württemberg, Germany), eds. Die Zukunft der Textilindustrie: Innovative Produkte und beherrschte Prozesse : Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Professor Dr.-Ing. Gerhard Egbers, Direktor des Instituts für Textil- und Verfahrenstechnik, Denkendorf. Ehningen bei Böblingen: Expert-Verlag, 1993.

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17

Hodges, Richard G. L. The growth of fibres in the Bi-Sr-Ca-Cu-O system using the laser heated pedestal growth (LPHG) process. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1996.

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18

Bersee, H. E. N. Diaphragm forming of continuous fibre reinforced thermoplastics: Process analysis and development : proefschrift / door Harald Erik Niklaus Bersee. Delft: Delft University Press, 1996.

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19

Francis, Bill. Determining the relationship between wood and fibre quality of mountain pine beetle-killed wood and paper quality of mechanical paper. Victoria, B.C: Pacific Forestry Centre, 2009.

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20

N, Swamy R., International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures. e University of Sheffield. Dept. of Mechanical and Processd Engineering., eds. Fibre reinforced cement and concrete: Proceedings of the fourth international symposium held by RILEM (the International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures) and organized by the Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK, Sheffield, July 20-23, 1992. London: E & FN Spon, 1992.

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21

International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures. (4th 1992 Sheffield, U.K.). Fibre reinforced cement and concrete: Proceedings of the fourth International Symposium held by RILEM (The International Union of Testing and Research Laboratories for Materials and Structures) and organized by the Dept. of Mechanical and Process Engineering, University of Sheffield, UK, Sheffield, July 20-23, 1992. London: E & FN Spon, 1992.

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22

Natural Fibers to Composites: Process, Properties, Structures. Springer International Publishing AG, 2023.

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23

Imad, Abdellatif, Abdelghani Saouab, Yasir Nawab e Khubab Shaker. Natural Fibers to Composites: Process, Properties, Structures. Springer International Publishing AG, 2023.

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24

The Development of a moulded wood fibre product by dry-process moulding of a fibrous mat. [Toronto]: The Branch, 1992.

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25

Dickenson, Tony. A new theory of pain. Editado por Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu e Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0007.

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Of all the seminal papers on pain, the one described in this chapter must be one of the most influential. It has been cited over 11,000 times. This paper proposed the theory that the transmission of pain from peripheral fibres through the spinal cord to the brain was not a passive fixed process but was subject to modulation and alteration. It also suggested that there was interplay between different afferent fibres, spinal excitatory neurons, and inhibitory spinal neuron and that the brain could exert influence on the spinal cord. Most of modern pain science and clinical management is based on this theory, which is now clearly backed up by facts.
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26

Fibre Guide ; Fibre analysis and process applications in the pulp and paper industry. AB Lorentzen & Wettre, 2006.

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27

Sutton, Paul. Investigation of the loss modes induced in optical fibres during the cabling process. 1991.

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28

Dhar, Anirban. Fabrication of rare earth doped optical fibre using MCVD process: Solution doping process for fabrication of rare earth doped optical fibre. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, 2010.

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29

Paraskevas, Steve. Recycled Fiber Decontamination: A Synergistic Process. AuthorHouse, 2006.

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30

Lachmann, Helen J., e Giampaolo Merlini. The patient with amyloidosis. Editado por Giuseppe Remuzzi. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0152.

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Amyloidosis is a disorder of protein folding in which normally soluble plasma proteins are deposited in the extracellular space in an abnormal insoluble fibrillar form. The process of amyloid formation and deposition causes cytotoxicity and progressive organ dysfunction. Amyloid is remarkably diverse and can be hereditary or acquired, localized or systemic, and lethal or merely an incidental finding. The most important numerically are AL amyloidosis, in which the fibrils are composed of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains, and AA amyloidosis, in which the acute phase reactant Serum Amyloid A component forms the fibrils.The kidney is involved in 75% of patients with systemic amyloidosis. Heavy proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome is characteristic of most amyloid variants.Without treatment, systemic disease is usually fatal but measures that reduce the supply of amyloid fibril precursor proteins can result in regression of amyloid deposits, prevention of organ failure, and improved quality of life and survival. Early diagnosis, before irreversible organ damage has occurred, is the key to effective treatment. Recent advances in diagnosis and therapy have much improved the outlook of patients with AL amyloidosis, but agents with broader promise are under investigation.
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31

Kuiper, Gerhardus J. A. J. M., e Hugo ten Cate. Coagulation monitoring. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0266.

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Haemostasis is a dynamic process to stop bleeding after vessel wall damage. Platelets form a platelet plug via activation, adherence, and aggregation processes. The coagulation proteins are activated one-by-one, cascading towards fibrin polymerization, a process controlled by thrombin generation. Fibrinolysis is the process responsible for fibrin mesh degradation, which is also controlled by thrombin. Besides procoagulant proteins, anticoagulant proteins maintain a balance in the haemostatic system. Measuring platelet count and function can be done as part of the monitoring of haemostasis, while coagulation times are measured to assess the coagulation proteins. Degradation products of fibrin and lysis times give information about fibrinolysis. Point-of-care monitoring provides simple, rapid bedside testing for platelets and for whole blood using viscoelasticity properties. In trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) platelet counts and coagulation times are still common practice to evaluate haemostasis, but point-of-care measurements are being used more and more. Medication interfering with haemostasis is frequently used in intensive care unit patients. Each (group of) drug(s) has its own monitoring tests either based on classical or novel techniques.
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32

Bersee, Harald Erik Niklaus. Diaphragm Forming of Continuous Fibre Reinforced Thermoplastics: Process Analysis & Development. Delft Univ Pr, 1996.

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33

Secretary of State's Guidance - Processes for the Manufacture of Fibre Reinforced Plastics: Process Guidance: Process Guidance Notes. The Stationery Office Books (Agencies), 1996.

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34

Pervaiz, Muhammad. Design and process optimization of reinforced natural fibre mat (NMT) composities. 2003, 2003.

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35

Jung, Taehwan. Formation of thin films on mineral fibers by the sol-gel process for composite reinforcement. 1993.

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36

Schaible, Hans-Georg, e Rainer H. Straub. Pain neurophysiology. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642489.003.0059.

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Physiological pain is evoked by intense (noxious) stimuli acting on healthy tissue functioning as a warning signal to avoid damage of the tissue. In contrast, pathophysiological pain is present in the course of disease, and it is often elicited by low-intensity stimulation or occurs even as resting pain. Causes of pathophysiological pain are either inflammation or injury causing pathophysiological nociceptive pain or damage to nerve cells evoking neuropathic pain. The major peripheral neuronal mechanism of pathophysiological nociceptive pain is the sensitization of peripheral nociceptors for mechanical, thermal and chemical stimuli; the major peripheral mechanism of neuropathic pain is the generation of ectopic discharges in injured nerve fibres. These phenomena are created by changes of ion channels in the neurons, e.g. by the influence of inflammatory mediators or growth factors. Both peripheral sensitization and ectopic discharges can evoke the development of hyperexcitability of central nociceptive pathways, called central sensitization, which amplifies the nociceptive processing. Central sensitization is caused by changes of the synaptic processing, in which glial cell activation also plays an important role. Endogenous inhibitory neuronal systems may reduce pain but some types of pain are characterized by the loss of inhibitory neural function. In addition to their role in pain generation, nociceptive afferents and the spinal cord can further enhance the inflammatory process by the release of neuropeptides into the innervated tissue and by activation of sympathetic efferent fibres. However, in inflamed tissue the innervation is remodelled by repellent factors, in particular with a loss of sympathetic nerve fibres.
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37

Kaplan, Tamara, e Tracey Milligan. Peripheral Nervous System 1: Neuropathy (DRAFT). Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190650261.003.0019.

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The video in this chapter explores the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and focuses on neuropathy. It outlines classifications of PNS injury (by process, etiology, distribution, affected fibers), examples of polyneuropathy, common mononeuropathies (carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar neuropathy, radial neuropathy), and plexopathies (Erb Duchenne palsy, Klumpke’s palsy).
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38

Duffield, Jeremy S. Disordered scarring and failure of repair. Editado por David J. Goldsmith. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199592548.003.0140.

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Scarring is the name given to fibrous tissue accumulation in the skin, which, when it forms elsewhere, is known as fibrosis, but the terms are frequently used interchangeably. The scientific study of fibrosis or scarring was established and developed in skin wounding, as a part of the normal repair response, long before it was appreciated that pathological fibrosis or scarring occurs as a consequence of sustained or iterative injury to internal organs. Increasing experimental evidence indicates that the process of skin wounding with scarring is very similar to the process of organ injury with fibrosis detected in vital organs including the kidney. Kidney fibrosis develops in glomeruli, where it is known as glomerulosclerosis (literally hardening of glomeruli due to fibrotic tissue), or in the interstitial virtual space between tubules and peritubular capillaries, known as interstitial fibrosis. Increasingly fibrosis of the kidney and the cells that make fibrous tissue are seen as targets for therapeutic intervention in chronic diseases of the kidney.
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39

Kimura, Jun. Nerve conduction studies. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199688395.003.0006.

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This chapter examines the principles and practice of nerve conduction studies, which constitute an extension of the clinical history-taking and physical examination, rather than a separate laboratory test. Therefore, in order to take best advantage of the physiological assessment, we need to formulate a reasonable differential diagnosis based on their clinical examination. Nerve conduction studies will help clinicians by confirming the clinical diagnosis, characterizing the neuropathic process by documenting demyelination or axonal degeneration, which dictates the speed and manner of nerve impulse propagation, localizing the site of lesions, differentiating a focal versus diffuse process, and quantitating the abnormalities by the size of the elicited response, which approximately corresponds to the number of functional nerve and muscle fibres. The chapter will appeal to those interested in a broad review of electrodiagnostic medicine and to those wanting a current update on the state-of-the art information of nerve conduction techniques.
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40

Yong, Ming Shyan. Process optimisation of squeeze cast magnesium-zinc-rare earth alloys and short fibre composites. 1999.

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41

Black, Sheila. The original description of central sensitization. Editado por Paul Farquhar-Smith, Pierre Beaulieu e Sian Jagger. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198834359.003.0040.

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The landmark study discussed in this chapter is ‘The contribution of excitatory amino acids to central sensitization and persistent nociception after formalin-induced tissue injury’, published by Coderre and Melzack in 1992. Previous studies in this field implicate a contribution of excitatory amino acids (EAAs), specifically l-glutamate and l-aspartate, to injury-induced sensitization of nociceptive responses in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord. Repetitive stimulation of primary afferent fibres demonstrated that l-glutamate and NMDA can produce ‘wind-up’ of neuronal dorsal horn activity, and this is blocked by application of NMDA antagonists. This study uses the formalin test as a behavioural model to investigate the mechanisms underlying central sensitization and the role of EAAs, NMDA, their receptors, and their antagonists in this process.
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42

McCann, Shaun R. From a dream to a nightmare. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198717607.003.0003.

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Historically, one of the contentious issues in the understanding of blood was the clotting process. Ancient observers posited that a cooling process led to clotting, while William Harvey, writing in the seventeenth century, postulated that fibrous mucous in the blood contributed to clotting. It was through the study of haemophilia patients in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries that the underlying factors in the clotting mechanism were first understood, and not until the 1930s that the clotting factor involved, Factor VIII, was identified. Subsequent attempts to treat patients with Factor VIII concentrates led to an understanding of the transmission process of hepatitis B. The link between haemophilia and hepatitis B was subsequently central to the early understanding of the AIDS virus.
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43

Manfre, G. Limit of the Spinning Process in Manufacturing Synthetic Fibers: Course Held at the Department of General Mechanics. Springer London, Limited, 2014.

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44

Downes, GM, IL Hudson, CA Raymond, GH Dean, AJ Michell, LR Schimleck, R. Evans e A. Muneri. Sampling Plantation Eucalypts for Wood and Fibre Properties. CSIRO Publishing, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643105287.

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This book was written to help the forest industry assess wood quality by using non-destructive samples taken from specific points within a tree. It is the first compilation of research data on sampling of eucalypts, describing new methods and tools for rapid and cost-effective analysis. The book provides information needed to design a sampling program, obtain and process wood samples, and shows how to relate the data to an average tree value.
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45

Alrooqi, Arwa, Inamuddin e Tariq Altalhi. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science : Natural Materials Based Green Composites 1: Plant Fibers. Elsevier, 2022.

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46

Alrooqi, Arwa, Inamuddin e Tariq Altalhi. Green Sustainable Process for Chemical and Environmental Engineering and Science : Natural Materials Based Green Composites 1: Plant Fibers. Elsevier, 2022.

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47

Benedetti Ruiz, Susana, Jaime Saavedra Moraga e Mónica Patricia Subiri Poblete. Monografía de ciprés torulosa Cupressus torulosa. INFOR, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.52904/20.500.12220/670.

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Ciprés Torulosa (Cupressus torulosa) es una especie arbórea de la familia de las Cupresáceas. Esta especie se encuentra naturalmente en el Himalaya desde los 300 hasta los 1800 m y en la caliza en Sichuan-China y Vietnam. Procede del oeste de los Himalaya. Se trata de una especie rara cuyo uso se desaconseja por ser alergénica. Tiene una forma densa. Sus ramos son delgados y bastante aplanados, siendo una de sus características que el follaje es colgante y la corteza muy fibrosa.
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48

Hilton-Jones, David. Muscle diseases. Oxford University Press, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198569381.003.0543.

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This chapter is concerned with those disorders in which the primary pathological process affects skeletal muscle, for which in everyday clinical practice the term myopathy is convenient shorthand. However, it must be stressed that diseases of the motor nerves and neuromuscular junction can produce an identical clinical picture to several of the myopathies, and this will be emphasized many times throughout the chapter when considering differential diagnosis. Indeed sometimes, despite one’s best efforts, one is left uncertain as to whether the primary disease process is in the nerves or muscles—it may be that in some conditions the disease process directly affects both nerves and muscles. The intimate relationship, both structural and functional, between nerves and the muscles they innervate means that disease of one may have a profound effect on the other—the most striking example is the change that occurs to skeletal muscle fibre-type distribution in denervation.
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49

International Labour Office (Corporate Author), United Nations Industrial Development Organization (Corporate Author) e Gilbert Brys (Editor), eds. Fibre and Micro-Concrete Roofing Tiles: Production Process and Tile-Laying Techniques (Technology Series. Technical Memorandum, No. 16). International Labour Org, 1992.

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50

Freer, Phoebe E. Skin and Trabecular Thickening. Editado por Christoph I. Lee, Constance D. Lehman e Lawrence W. Bassett. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190270261.003.0048.

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Normal skin measures 0.5–2 mm thick, but may be thicker in the periareolar, axillary, parasternal, and inframammary fold regions. Trabecular thickening—thickening of the Cooper’s ligaments and fibrous stroma—is an imaging finding of breast edema, usually secondary to dilated lymphatics. Their differential diagnosis may be narrowed by considering the distribution of the findings; for example, considering if the finding is focal or diffuse, or if the process is unilateral or bilateral. This chapter reviews the key imaging and clinical features of skin and trabecular thickening. Skin thickening and trabecular thickening often occur together, and they have similar differential diagnoses. The differential diagnosis will be reviewed based on distribution (unilateral vs. bilateral, focal vs. diffuse). Topics discussed include mastitis, inflammatory cancer, systemic causes of edema (congestive heart failure), and other rare presentations of disease such as lymphoma and granulomatous mastitis.
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