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Tiwari, Pragati. "Fertilizer Consumption and Productionin India". International Journal of Agriculture and Animal Production, n.º 44 (3 de junho de 2024): 10–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.55529/ijaap.44.10.18.
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Fertilizers are one of the most important sectors in India. It is an essential input for agricultural production. Fertilizers play an important role in increasing agricultural productivity. The paper tells about fertilizer’s consumption and production of Indians well as analyze fertilizer sector. This is a conceptual and descriptive nature paper. It is based on secondary data. Companies should prepare their production and distribution plans as per the needs and interests of farmers. Today the farmers do not accept any product that does not satisfy them. Production of crops is increasing due to fertilizer consumption in India. But more usage of urea is misbalancing the ideal fertilizer application ratio. So, Farmers have to shift from straight fertilizers towards NPKS complex fertilizers for supplying the vital nutrients are needed by the crops for growth to improve this ratio.
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Kai, Takamitsu, e Dinesh Adhikari. "Effect of Organic and Chemical Fertilizer Application on Apple Nutrient Content and Orchard Soil Condition". Agriculture 11, n.º 4 (10 de abril de 2021): 340. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11040340.
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Apple cultivation in Japan typically involves the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides which can damage the environment. Therefore, in this study we investigated the orchard soil biochemical characteristics as well as the fruit nutrient contents, and pesticide residues of apples grown either organically (organic fertilizers + reduced pesticides) or with conventional chemical fertilizers and pesticide rates. Compared with conventional chemical fertilizer treatment, the organic fertilizer treatment produced fruit with significantly higher contents of sugar, as well as soil with higher total carbon, total nitrogen, and total phosphorus. There were also significantly greater soil bacterial biomass and N circulation in the organically fertilized treatments. Minimal pesticide residues were detected in the organically fertilized fruits, but in the apples cultivated with conventional rates of fertilizers and pesticides there were significantly higher levels of propargite that was used to control spider mites. These residue levels from the conventionally fertilized orchards exceeded European and Codex residue standards. These results indicate that environmentally friendly arboricultural soil management practices, such as organic fertilizer and reduced pesticide cultivation can enhance nutrient cycling in soil, reduce the burden on the environment, and promote food safety and security.
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Naumetov, R. V. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF THE USE OF COMPLEX FERTILIZERS ON THE YIELD AND GRAIN QUALITY OF SPRING WHEAT, BARLEY AND WINTER RYE". Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Agricultural Sciences 1, n.º 2 (2022): 56–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/2782-6562-2022-1-2-56-61.
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The research was comparative estimation of the effectiveness of the application of compound fertilizers monoammonium phosphate, nitroammofosa and double superphosphate at sowing in rows on the productivity and the quality of the grain production of spring wheat , barley and winter rye on fertilizer and fertilized background. Research findings suggest that the introduction of double superphosphate in rows during sowing grain on soils with a high content of phosphorus in the background without nitrogen fertilizer inefficiently. The introduction of complex fertilizers in rows at crop fertilizer more effectively at the background. Row fertilizer has a positive impact on the quality of the grain. The most high-quality grain is formed by the rows of compound fertilizers (nitroammofosa).
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Broschat, T. K., D. R. Sandrock, M. L. Elliott e E. F. Gilman. "Effects of Fertilizer Type on Quality and Nutrient Content of Established Landscape Plants in Florida". HortTechnology 18, n.º 2 (janeiro de 2008): 278–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.18.2.278.
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In a series of three experiments, st. augustinegrass (Stenotaphrum secundatum ‘Floratam’), areca palm (Dypsis lutescens), canna (Canna × generalis ‘Richard Wallace’), pentas (Pentas lanceolata), allamanda (Allamanda cathartica ‘Hendersoni’), and nandina (Nandina domestica) were grown on highly leached sand soils in two locations in Florida. They were fertilized with typical turfgrass fertilizers having high nitrogen (N)-to-potassium (K) ratios and no magnesium (Mg), or several types of landscape palm fertilizers having low N:K ratios and 100% of their N, K, and Mg in controlled release form. St. augustinegrass, pentas, nandina, and allamanda visual quality were similar for all fertilizer types tested. However, cannas and areca palms had higher visual qualities when fertilized with an 8N–0.9P–10.0K–4Mg palm fertilizer than with higher N:K ratio turf fertilizers. High N:K turf fertilizers resulted in K deficiency severity equivalent to that of unfertilized controls and Mg deficiency that was more severe than unfertilized areca palms.
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R.Z. Margate, J.N. Maravilla, R.M. Ebuna e M.N. Eroy. "RESPONSE OF COCONUT AND COFFEE TO FERTILIZERS APPLIED ON EITHER OR BOTH CROPS IN AN INTERCROPPING SYSTEM". CORD 10, n.º 02 (1 de dezembro de 1994): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37833/cord.v10i02.282.
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A study to assess the effects of fertilizer application on either coconut or coffee or both, in an intercropping system was conducted from 1985 to 1991. at the Davao Research Center, Mindanao, Philippines. The coconuts were planted at 8 m x 8 m square system.
Fertilizer application on coconut intercropped with either fertilized or unfertilized coffee increased copra yield significantly. A very slight increase in copra per nut was noted on un‑fertilized coconut even with fertilized coffee intercrop indicating coconut did not benefit from the fertilizers applied on coffee. Bean yield of fertilized coffee was increased significantly by 202 percent under fertilized or unfertilized coconuts. But yield of unfertilized coffee did not increase even under fertilized coconut. There is a need to apply fertilizers separately to both crops.
Economic analysis revealed that fertilizer application to both coconut and coffee gave the highest net return, followed by fertilizer application on coffee alone.
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Ronga, Domenico, Mario Parisi, Luisa Barbieri, Isabella Lancellotti, Fernanda Andreola e Cristina Bignami. "Valorization of Spent Coffee Grounds, Biochar and other residues to Produce Lightweight Clay Ceramic Aggregates Suitable for Nursery Grapevine Production". Horticulturae 6, n.º 4 (23 de setembro de 2020): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/horticulturae6040058.
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The valorization of agro-industrial by-products is one of the key strategies to improve agricultural sustainability. In the present study, spent coffee grounds and biochar were used as pore forming agents in the realization of lightweight clay ceramic aggregates that were used as sustainable fertilizers, in addition to tailored glass fertilizer containing phosphorous (P) and potassium (K) and nitrogen (N) synthetic fertilizer, for nursery grapevine production. The obtained fertilizers were assessed in a pot experiment for the fertilization of bare-rooted vines. Unfertilized (T0) and fertilized plants (T1, using NPK-containing commercial fertilizer) were used as controls. Plants fertilized by spent coffee grounds and spent coffee grounds + biochar-containing lightweight aggregates and added with 30 wt% of the above-mentioned glass and N fertilizers (T2 and T3, respectively) recorded higher values of plant height, shoot diameter, leaf and node numbers. Moreover, T2 treatment induced the highest chlorophyll content, shoot and root dry weights. The present study shows that lightweight clay ceramic aggregates containing spent coffee grounds and glass and N fertilizers can be used for nursery grapevine production, in turn improving the agricultural sustainability.
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Pacumbaba, R. P., G. F. Brown e R. O. Pacumbaba. "Effect of Fertilizers and Rates of Application on Incidence of Soybean Diseases in Northern Alabama". Plant Disease 81, n.º 12 (dezembro de 1997): 1459–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.12.1459.
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Field incidence of soybean stem canker (SSC), Phytophthora root rot (PRR), bacterial blight of soybean (BBS), soybean mosaic virus (SMV), and soybean cyst nematode (SCN) females on soybean cultivar Bragg were compared under complete (20-20-20), ammonium nitrate (34-0-0), superphosphate (0-46-0), and muriate of potash (0-0-60) fertilizers, and rate regimes with unfertilized controls on Decatur silty clay loam (Rhodic paleudult) in northern Alabama. Plants fertilized with muriate of potash had higher incidence of PRR and SMV. Plants fertilized with complete fertilizer had the lowest incidence of PRR and SMV, and the highest yield. Both complete and superphosphate fertilizers lowered the incidence of SMV at application rates from 0 to 100 kg/ha, then increased up to 200 kg/ha. Ammonium nitrate fertilizer had no effect on incidence of SMV. The incidence of BBS and the number of SCN females were not affected by either type of fertilizers or rate of application. Application rates of any of the four fertilizers reduced incidence of SSC. It is recommended to use only complete fertilizer to increase yield and reduce field incidence of PRR, SMV, and SSC.
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Satria, Benni, Syahyan Raesi, Afrima Sari, Armansyah Armansyah, Indra Dwipa, Aprisal Aprisal, Ferry Lismanto Syaiful e Ardi Ardi. "TEKNOLOGI PENGOLAHAN PUPUK ORGANIK PADA KELOMPOK TANI SUNGKAI PERMAI DI KELURAHAN LAMBUNG BUKIK KOTA PADANG". Jurnal Hilirisasi IPTEKS 3, n.º 3 (28 de setembro de 2020): 277–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/jhi.v3i3.438.
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The people of Lambung Bukik Village, Pauh Subdistrict, Padang City, mostly work on horticultural crops, secondary crops, raising cattle, and chickens. Agriculture in this area uses mostly inorganic fertilizers and organic fertilizers. This results in the high need for farmers for inorganic fertilizers. The activity's objectives are 1. to obtain an organic production module by utilizing horticultural agricultural waste, secondary crops, and cow dung, 2. analyzing the organic fertilizer content, 3). obtain organic fertilizer containing high nutrient elements and 4. obtain organic fertilizer derived from organic fertilized waste material with EM4, MOL, and Trichoderma sp. Activities were carried out in the UPPO Sungkai Permai farming community through organic fertilizer processing technology. Participants in this activity are members of farmer groups, community leaders, and accompanied by Andalas University students. The activity methods applied are 1. training and demonstration on the manufacture of organic fertilizers from agricultural waste and cow dung using EM-4, Mol, Trichoderma sp, 2. demonstration of making local microorganisms (MOL), 3. analyzing nutrient elements of organic fertilizers, and 4. a demonstration plot of organic spinach and water spinach using organic fertilizers from three different organizer depupuk, namely: EM4, fruit mole, and a mixture of both. The results achieved were: organic fertilizer processing methods, and quality organic fertilizers with the highest average nutrient content of fruit mole samples (N = 1,823%, P = 1,717%, K = 0.757%, Mg = 0.742, C. organic 27,400 , Organic matter = 47.237, and the highest C / N = 39.645%. The demonstration plot of organic fertilizer from three organic fertilizer samples obtained that the use of fruit moles as organizer depupuk resulted in the best growth and yield of spinach and kale wet weight.
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Mwalongo, Dennis A., Nils H. Haneklaus, Jacob B. Lisuma, Nelson Mpumi, Aloyce I. Amasi, Jerome M. Mwimanzi, Furaha M. Chuma, Thomas T. Kivevele e Kelvin M. Mtei. "Uranium Dissemination with Phosphate Fertilizers Globally: A Systematic Review with Focus on East Africa". Sustainability 16, n.º 4 (9 de fevereiro de 2024): 1496. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16041496.
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Growing concern has been expressed about uranium (U) accumulation in agricultural soils caused by the long-term application of mineral fertilizers. More than 80% of naturally occurring U transfers from phosphate rock (PR), the raw material used in mineral fertilizer production, to phosphorus (P) fertilizers. These fertilizers are then distributed on agricultural soils, where the U could accumulate over time and become a risk to the environment. The objective of this work was to review the reported content of U in P fertilizers, its potential dispersion in soils, and its uptake by plants in different countries in the world as reported in the literature. The articles for this systematic review were selected from the Scopus database published between 2003 and 2022. The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) protocol were used. A total of 54 articles were assessed based on the standard inclusion and exclusion criteria. U concentrations in P fertilizers, agricultural soil dissemination, and plant uptake for available data were obtained and assessed. In order to compare a set of related data from the collected articles, box and whisker plots showing the distribution of U in P fertilizers are presented by region. The results from the reviewed articles show that the U concentrations in P fertilizer were in the range of 0.1–653 mg kg−1. Interestingly, Minjingu P fertilizers from Tanzania, which are used in six East African countries, showed the highest U concentrations (159 to 653 mg kg−1, average 390 mg kg−1). The reported U concentrations for these fertilizers are, in fact, comparable to those of conventional low-grade uranium deposits mined in Namibia and elsewhere. Additionally, approximately 96% of the reviewed articles indicate that fertilized soil has higher U concentrations than non-fertilized soils, hinting at a measurable effect of mineral fertilizer use. The review recommends U extraction during mineral fertilizer production so that potential environmental risks can be reduced and U resources that would otherwise be lost can be recovered and used to substitute conventional U mining elsewhere.
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Eaton, Touria E., Douglas A. Cox e Allen V. Barker. "Sustainable Production of Marigold and Calibrachoa with Organic Fertilizers". HortScience 48, n.º 5 (maio de 2013): 637–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.48.5.637.
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Experiments were conducted to evaluate organic fertilizers in production of greenhouse-grown calibrachoa (Calibrachoa ×hybrida Llave & Lex) and marigold (Tagetes erecta L.) and nitrogen (N) leaching from containers during production. Calibrachoa was grown with five fertilizer treatments: one chemical, one organic-based, and three organic (liquid fish, oilseed extract, and a combination of oilseed extract and liquid fish). Marigold was grown with seven fertilizer treatments: one chemical and three organic (liquid fish, oilseed extract, and alfalfa pellets) used either alone or in combination. Chemical or organic-based fertilizers produced the best quality calibrachoa based on plant appearance and size. Liquid fish fertilizer produced healthy plants but smaller plants than those grown with chemical or organic-based fertilizers. Plants grown with oilseed extract were stunted and showed chlorosis. If oilseed extract was combined with liquid fish, the plants were similar to those grown with the chemical or organic-based fertilizers in size and quality. Chemical or liquid fish fertilizers produced the highest quality marigold based on plant appearance. Plants fertilized with alfalfa pellets were sparse and pale green. Oilseed extract produced the poorest growth and quality. If oilseed extract was combined with liquid fish or alfalfa, marigold plants were close in size and development to chemical-fertilized plants without nutrient deficiency and with some enhancement of nutrient levels in the leaves. The combination of alfalfa and liquid fish produced similar results. The highest N leaching resulted from plants fertilized by liquid fish, mostly in the form of ammonium nitrogen (NH4-N). Combining liquid fish with alfalfa or oilseed extract reduced the amount of N leached from the pots. The results suggest that organic fertilizers can be used successfully to grow commercial greenhouse crops but should be combined for good plant quality and environmental sustainability.
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Reddy, B. Maheswar, K. Gurava Reddy, K. S. Purnima e P. Lavanya Kumari. "A Comparative Study of Fertilizer Prices Purchased by Farmers from Rythu Bharosa Kendras (RBKs) and Other Agencies in Andhra Pradesh". Asian Journal of Agricultural Extension, Economics & Sociology 42, n.º 6 (23 de maio de 2024): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ajaees/2024/v42i62472.
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Rythu Bharosa Kendras - a one stop solutions for all agriculture & allied issues, was launched by state government of Andhra Pradesh in 2020. It addresses various issues and provide services to the farmers at the village level. Fertilizers are one among the services offered at Rythu Bharosa Kendras. The current study was carried out during the year 2022 and 2023 to find any significant variation in the average price of the fertilizers purchased by the farmers from Rythu Bharosa Kendras versus other agencies in Tirupati and Chittoor districts of Andhra Pradesh. A representative sample of 120 farmers in two districts of Andhra Pradesh i.e., Tirupati and Chittoor were selected for the study. Through a pre-structed interview schedule, prices of fertilizers purchased by the farmers from Rythu Bharosa Kendras vs other agencies were collected. In the study area, other agencies from where farmers purchased fertilizers included private fertilizer wholesalers, retailers, fellow farmers, non-institutional financers, etc. To study the average price comparison, the set of fertilizers that were commonly purchased at Rythu Bharosa Kendras and other agencies were selected. They were Urea, Diammonium phosphate (DAP), Muriate of Potash (MOP), N20:P20:K0:S13 (N:P:K:S fertilizer grade), N10:P26:K26 (N:P:K fertilizer grade). From the data collected and through descriptive statistical analysis it was clear that for all the common fertilizers the average amount of fertilizer per bag at Rythu Bharosa Kendras was comparatively lower than that of fertilizers purchased at other agencies. The average price variation of fertilizer per bag at Rythu Bharosa Kendras to other agencies for Urea, DAP, MOP, N20:P20:K0:S13 grade, N10:P26:K26 grade were Rs. 27.5, Rs. 40, Rs. 33, Rs. 44 & Rs. 92 with a variation in percentage by 10.3%, 2.96%, 2.84%, 3.26% & 6.31% respectively. By ensuring the prompt availability of required set of fertilizers in line with the cropping pattern of the farmers and by streamlining the supply chain aspects of fertilizes, especially from fertilizers hub to Rythu Bharosa Kendras, will be beneficial & results in cost optimization to the farmers.
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Dida, Eki Naidania, Solihin Solihin e Denny Kurniadie. "A Review of Synthetic and Earth's Resource-Based Slow-Release Fertilizers and Their Potential Role in Reducing Groundwater Pollution". RISET Geologi dan Pertambangan 32, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14203/risetgeotam2022.v32.1199.
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Groundwater is an essential water source for humans. Unfortunately, some groundwater resources have been contaminated by wastes from various sectors. Fertilizer also contributes to groundwater contamination. The nutrients from fertilizer that are not absorbed by the plant move towards groundwater reservoirs and contaminate the groundwater. Slow-release fertilizer is a solution to reduce groundwater pollution while maintaining fertilizer’s function as the sources of nutrients for plants. This paper discusses and reviews the relevant literatures related to groundwater, fertilizer, slow-release fertilizer, and earth’s based slow-release fertilizer. The release rate of nutrient elements from different types of fertilizer is also presented. The synthetic base slow-release fertilizers and earth’s resource-based slow-release fertilizers can hold nutrients longer than conventional chemical fertilizers when exposed to water. Two particular minerals that can be used as raw materials in slow-release fertilizer synthesis are analyzed using XRD. They are from hydrothermal silica and obsidian. The XRD analysis of hydrothermal silica and obsidian shows the presence of amorphous silica and other minerals. Silica in compacted slow-release fertilizer can control the release rate of nutrient elements from fertilizer.
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KENENBAEV, SB, SB RAMAZANOVA e VN GUSEV. "STATE AND PROSPECTS OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS USE IN AGRICULTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN". SABRAO Journal of Breeding and Genetics 55, n.º 3 (30 de junho de 2023): 886–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.54910/sabrao2023.55.3.23.
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The article is a dedicated analysis of the production and use of mineral fertilizers globally, focusing on the agriculture of Kazakhstan. From 1950 to 2020, the fertilizer use ranged between 3.6–29.0 kg of NPK per hectare in arable agricultural land of Kazakhstan. The maximum benefit of fertilizers happened in 1986 in Kazakhstan, with 1,039 t of mineral fertilizers (active substances) applied at an area of 47% of the total arable land, while in 1965, the fertilized area was only 6.6% of the entire sown field. In Kazakhstan, the annual recommended need for mineral fertilizers is one million tons (active ingredient). The paper also discussed the influence of the long-term application of fertilizers on the leading indicators of soil fertility and crop productivity. Employing regression analysis also explored a high degree of probability of a positive relationship among the four viable factors, i.e., fertilizer use intensity, agrochemical indicators of the soil, crop plants yields, and their quality.
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Khanom, S., BK Saha, MT Islam e MAH Chowdhury. "Influence of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on the Growth, Leaf Yield, Chlorophyll and Protein Contents of Stevia Grown in Different Soil Types". Progressive Agriculture 19, n.º 1 (12 de novembro de 2013): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16986.
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A pot experiment was conducted in the open net house of the Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from January to June, 2007, to study the effect of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the growth, leaf yield, chlorophyll and protein contents of Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.). The experiment was laid out in completely randomized design with three replications having 16 treatment combinations. Four types of soil viz., saline, acidic, calcareous and non-calcareous soils were collected from Khulna, Tangail, Natore and Mymensingh districts of Bangladesh, respectively. Two organic (poultry manure and cow dung) and one inorganic fertilizers @ the recommended dose along with a control were used as treatment factor. The experimental results indicated that different soil types significantly influenced all parameters studied. The highest values of all parameters were obtained from the plant grown in noncalcareous soil which was identical with acidic soil for some parameters. Different types of organic and inorganic fertilizer had also significant influence on all plant parameters. In all cases, the highest values were recorded from the plant fertilized with chemical fertilizers. Poultry manure and cow dung also showed identical results with chemical fertilizer in most cases. Interaction effect of different types of soil and fertilizer showed significant variation for most of the parameters studied except chlorophyll and protein contents. Plants grown in noncalcareous soil fertilized with chemical fertilizers exhibited the best performance in most of the cases. The overall results suggested that stevia can be cultivated in noncalcareous and acidic soils fertilized with chemical fertilizers along with poultry manure favoring the productivity of stevia.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16986 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 23 - 31, 2008
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Kopiński, Jerzy, e Wioletta Wrzaszcz. "MANAGEMENT OF NATURAL FERTILIZERS IN POLAND". Annals of the Polish Association of Agricultural and Agribusiness Economists XXII, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 2020): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0014.1102.
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The study discusses the results of the analysis of changes in the management of natural fertilizers in Poland and voivodships. Analysis included changes in: the number and percentage of individual farms using natural fertilizer, fertilized area, and level of consumption of particular fertilizer types. The comparative analysis at a voivodship level concerned the years 2007 and 2016. The current situation with regard to fertilized area and natural fertilizer rates was also assessed on the basis of Statistics Poland data from the years 2018-2019. The results of analyses indicated that the number of farms using natural fertilizers in Poland has clearly decreased. Despite observing an increase in the interest in slurry application, the most popular natural fertilizer applied is still manure, which, in the years 2018-2019, was applied on 18% of utilized agricultural area. In Poland, the average annual rates of applied manure, liquid manure and slurry are, respectively 17 t/ha, 22 m3/ha and 26 m3/ha. An analysis of the organization and intensity of natural fertiliser management in the Podlaskie Voivodeship shows that this is the leading region in this aspect, which confirms its dominant position in livestock production in Poland.
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Jihadi, A., A. Nikmatullah e M. Sarjan. "The effect of different combinations of biological fertilizer and different doses of chemical fertilizer on the severity of late blight on potato plants". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1220, n.º 1 (1 de julho de 2023): 012023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1220/1/012023.
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Abstract Late blight disease is one of the problems faced by potato farmers. Chemical fertilizer and biological fertilizer (bio-fertilizer) reported have a potential to control late blight disease. However, there is a lack of research on the effect of combining the use of different types of bio-fertilizers with different doses of chemical fertilizers in potato plants to late blight disease. This study aims to analyze the effect of combining different types of bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers on late blight disease in potato plants. This research was conducted from June to August in Sembalun District, West Nusa Tenggara Province. This study used fifteen combination treatments of bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers. Each of these treatments included: A (control); B, C, D, E (bio-fertilizers, without chemical fertilizers); Treatment F, G, H, I (bio-fertilizers, chemical fertilizers 100%); J, K, L, M (bio-fertilizers, chemical fertilizers 50%); N (without bio-fertilizer, 100% chemical fertilizer) and O (without bio-fertilizer, chemical fertilizer 50%). The results showed that there was no significant difference in the effect of the combination of different bio-fertilizers and doses of chemical fertilizers on late blight severity.
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Rodrigues, Donizetti Tomaz, Roberto Ferreira Novais, Víctor Hugo Alvarez V., José Maria Moreira Dias e Ecila Mercês de Albuquerque Villani. "Orchid growth and nutrition in response to mineral and organic fertilizers". Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo 34, n.º 5 (outubro de 2010): 1609–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0100-06832010000500014.
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Orchid fertilization is fundamental for a satisfactory plant growth and development for commercial orchid production as well as in collections. Mineral and/or organic sources can be used for fertilization. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the use of organic and/or mineral fertilizers on the nutrition and growth of orchid (Laelia purpurata 'werkhanserii' x L. lobata 'Jeni') seedlings in greenhouse. The following fertilizers were tested: an NPK fertilizer + micronutrients; a Ca source in the form of calcium nitrate; two organic fertilizers, one prepared with a mixture of bone meal, castor meal and ash, and a similar commercial fertilizer. The organic fertilizers were distributed on the surface of the pots every two months and the minerals were applied weekly to the substrate in 25 mL aliquots of a solution containing 1 g L-1 of the respective fertilizer. The plant response to the application of mineral together with organic fertilizer was better, with higher dry matter production than by the isolated application of each fertilizer (organic or mineral). The treatments with calcium nitrate + NPK fertilizer did not differ significantly from the use of NPK fertilizer, probably due to the S deficiency detected in a mineral analysis of the tissues. Commercial organic fertilizer had a very elevated B level, leading to toxicity symptoms, reduced growth and necrotized tips of the older leaves in all fertilized treatments.
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HU, CHENG, SHUANG-LAI LI, YAN QIAO, DONG-HAI LIU e YUN-FENG CHEN. "EFFECTS OF 30 YEARS REPEATED FERTILIZER APPLICATIONS ON SOIL PROPERTIES, MICROBES AND CROP YIELDS IN RICE–WHEAT CROPPING SYSTEMS". Experimental Agriculture 51, n.º 3 (18 de novembro de 2014): 355–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0014479714000350.
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SUMMARYLong-term fertilization experiment has been conducted since 1981 to study the effect of soil management practices on soil fertility, soil carbon and nitrogen sequestration, soil culturable microbe counts and crop yields at the Nanhu Experimental Station in the Hubei Academy of Agricultural Sciences (situated in the middle reach of the Yangtze River and the rice–wheat cropping system). The experiment was designed with the following eight treatments: (1) unfertilized treatment: Control; (2) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer treatment: N; (3) inorganic nitrogen plus inorganic phosphorus fertilizer treatment: NP; (4) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus plus inorganic potassium fertilizer treatment: NPK; (5) pig dung compost (manure) treatment: M; (6) inorganic nitrogen fertilizer plus manure: NM; (7) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPM and (8) inorganic nitrogen, inorganic phosphorus, inorganic potassium fertilizer plus manure treatment: NPKM. The results showed that long-term application of organic manure in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased soil organic C concentrations compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. Soil organic C contents were significantly (p < 0.05) increased in balanced application of NPK fertilizers in comparison to unbalanced application of fertilizers. After 30 years of experiment, soil organic C and total N sequestration rate averagely were 0.48 t ha−1 year−1 and 28.3 kg ha−1 year−1 in the fertilized treatments respectively; nevertheless, it were 0.27 t ha−1 year−1 and 9.7 kg ha−1 year−1 in the unfertilized treatment. Application of organic fertilizer in combination with inorganic fertilizer significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with the corresponding inorganic fertilizers alone. The balanced application of NPK fertilizers significantly (p < 0.05) increased culturable microbial counts compared with unbalanced application of fertilizers. The average grain yield of wheat and rice was significantly (p < 0.05) higher in organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer treatment than in inorganic fertilizer alone and unfertilized control. Therefore, long-term application of organic manure combined with inorganic fertilizer and balanced application of NPK fertilizers could increase soil organic C and total N sequestration, culturable microbial counts and crop grain yields.
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Singh, Hardeep, Bruce Dunn, Mark Payton e Lynn Brandenberger. "Fertilizer and Cultivar Selection of Lettuce, Basil, and Swiss Chard for Hydroponic Production". HortTechnology 29, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 2019): 50–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech04178-18.
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Nutrient-film technique (NFT) trials were conducted to quantify the effect of two different water-soluble hydroponic fertilizers (5N–4.8P–21.6K and 5N–5.2P–21.6K) on different cultivars of lettuce (Lactuca sativa), basil (Ocimum basilicum), and swiss chard (Beta vulgaris). Results indicated swiss chard yield was affected only by cultivars, with Fordhook Giant producing the greatest fresh weight across fertilizer treatments. For lettuce production, interaction between fertilizers and cultivars was significant. ‘Mirlo’ and ‘Rubysky’ had greater growth compared with other cultivars in both fertilizers, whereas Dragoon performed well using 5N–4.8P–21.6K, but not 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For basil, dry weight production showed a significant interaction between fertilizers and cultivars. ‘Largeleaf’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–4.8P–21.6K, whereas ‘Lemon’ produced greater dry weight with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. For nutrient concentration of leaves, the concentrations were within the recommended range for lettuce when fertilized with 5N–5.2P–21.6K. Nutrient concentrations varied by nutrient from the recommended range for basil, but there was no significant difference between fertilizers. For swiss chard, the nutrient concentrations were in the recommended range and there was no difference between fertilizers. Therefore, growers may need to use more than one type of fertilizer for different lettuce and basil cultivars for optimum production, whereas swiss chard cultivars can be selected based on yield regardless of fertilizer.
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Richards, J. E., J. Y. Daigle, P. LeBlanc, R. Paulin e I. Ghanem. "Nitrogen availability and nitrate leaching from organo-mineral fertilizers". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 73, n.º 2 (1 de maio de 1993): 197–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss93-022.
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Greenhouse, field and laboratory studies were conducted to determine if N availability to corn (Zea mays L.) and NO3 leaching were affected by encapsulating conventional granular fertilizer within peat pellets (organo-mineral fertilizers or OMF). In the greenhouse, total N uptake by three 6-wk crops of corn from soil fertilized with NH4NO3 was 9.1% higher than the mean from soils fertilized with OMF made with urea (OMF-urea) or with NH4NO3 (OMF-AN). Total N uptake was 5.1% higher from soils fertilized with OMF-AN than OMF-urea. Differences in total N uptake among the fertilizers were constant across crops. In two field trials, total N uptake was slightly higher (4%) from soil fertilized with commercial NH4NO3 than with OMF-AN. In a laboratory experiment, NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached more readily from soil than NO3 from OMF-AN. Approximately 95% of the NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached from 3-cm soil cores in the first 50 mL of leachate whereas only 26% of the NO3 contained in OMF-AN leached. In another trial, NO3 from commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer leached more deeply than NO3 from OMF-AN after application of 2.5 cm irrigation water to soil in 63-cm leaching columns. Virtually no NO3 was retained within the OMF-AN pellet after leaching, suggesting that the retention of NO3 by OMF-AN used in our work is of limited duration. The OMF is an effective source of N to crops and is less prone to NO3 leaching losses than commercial NH4NO3 fertilizer when rain occurs soon after application. More work is required to determine the effect of pellet size and composition on NO3 retention, NO3 leaching losses and crop availability of N. Key words: Nitrate leaching, corn, organo-mineral fertilizers
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Nurliana, Nurliana, Yani Taufik e L. Daud. "DINAMIKA PENYEDIAAN PUPUK SUBSIDI PADA USAHA TANI PADI SAWAH MELALUI MEKANISME RENCANA DEFINITIF KEBUTUHAN KELOMPOK TANI (RDKK) DI KOTA KENDARI". Jurnal Ilmiah Inovasi dan Komunikasi Pembangunan Pertanian 1, n.º 1 (25 de janeiro de 2022): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.56189/jiikpp.v1i1.22373.
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The purpose of this study was to determine the dynamics of subsidized fertilizer provision for lowland rice farming through the RDKK mechanism in Kendari City, to find out the percentage of subsidized fertilizer proposals for lowland rice farmer groups in Baruga and Labibia villages through RDKK that the government could fulfill in the last 2 years, to find out farmers' anticipation. Farmer groups when the subsidy fertilizer proposal submitted through RDKK cannot be fully fulfilled by the government. This research was conducted in Baruga and Labibia in August-December 2020. The research method is qualitative. The results of this study indicate that the process of providing fertilizer is in accordance with the flow of subsidized fertilizer provision according to government regulations, but in the preparation of RDKK to propose the amount of subsidized fertilizer in Labibia is still assisted by extension agents, while in Kelurahan Baruga it is carried out by the head of the farmer group. The government does not always fully fulfill subsidized fertilizers due to the limited budget and quota allocation for subsidized fertilizers. This is done by farmers in Baruga Village by purchasing non-subsidized fertilizers, or looking for farmers / farmer groups who still have leftover fertilizer rations at retailers. Meanwhile, in Labibia, the anticipation occurred because the price of subsidized fertilizers based on HET was still relatively expensive, so they preferred to use non-subsidized fertilizers which were not in accordance with government recommendations and did not fertilize at all because the rice fields were mostly classified as fertile.
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Valšíková-Frey, Magdaléna, Dominika Sopková, Marián Rehuš e Patrik Komár. "Impact of Organic Fertilizers on Morphological and Phenological Properties and Yield of Tomatoes". Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae 21, n.º 2 (1 de novembro de 2018): 48–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ahr-2018-0011.
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Abstract The field trial was carried out in 2016 and 2017 on the grounds of the Botanical Garden of the Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra. The aim of the paper was to test the impact of new organic fertilizers from Company Rokosan on the yield parameters and the morphological and phenological properties of tomatoes. In the experiments, we observed two determinant varieties, namely ‘Brixol F1’ and ‘Uno Rosso F1’. We used the bulk organic fertilizer Rokosan P, designed for fruiting vegetables, and the liquid fertilizer Rokohumin Z. Both forms of fertilizers are produced as organic biomineral fertilizers, their main ingredient being keratin. They contain 9% N, 9% P2O5, 9% K2O, 3% MgO and trace elements. The total harvest in the control variant without fertilization was the lowest compared to the fertilized variants. The second variant was fertilized with the Rokosan P fertilizer, and the harvests were in both years and in both varieties higher than in the variant 1. The third variant was fertilized with the Rokohumin Z, the liquid fertilizer and achieved the best crop yields per plant. For the ‘Uno Rosso F1’ the best total harvest weight was 7.2 kg per plant in 2016 and 8.96 in 2017. For the ‘Brixol F1’, the highest harvest was 8.14 kg per plant in 2016 and 9.24 kg in 2017. In terms of yields and the number of fruits, combined fertilization with the bulk fertilizer Rokosan P and the liquid fertilizer Rokohumin Z reached the second highest values.
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Hossain, Akbar, MAZ Sarker, MA Hakim, Mst T. Islam e ME Ali. "Effect of Lime, Magnesium and Boron on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Their Residual Effects on Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)". International Journal of Agricultural Research, Innovation and Technology 1, n.º 1-2 (22 de fevereiro de 2013): 9–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13923.
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The study was carried out during 2007-2008 season in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Dinajpur to know the effect of lime, Magnesium (Mg) and Boron (B) on yield and yield components of wheat and also their residual effect on mungbean. The geographical position of the area is between 25°62´ N, 88°63´ E and 38.20 meter above sea level. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, both in wheat and mungbean. Treatments for wheat were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) recommended fertilizer + lime + B + Mg, (III) recommended fertilizer + lime + Mg, (IV) recommended fertilizer + lime + B and (V) control (Only recommended fertilizer) and for mungbean were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) 75% of recommended dose, (III) recommended fertilizer + B, (IV) recommended fertilizer + Mg and (V) control (without fertilizers). Results showed that the highest yield and yield components of wheat were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + B + Mg treated plot and the second highest were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + Mg treated plot. The lowest was recorded in control plot (only recommended fertilized). In case of mungbean the highest was found from recommended fertilizers + B treated plot, this treatment was limed in previously cultivated wheat crop and the lowest was recorded from control plot (without fertilizer). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13923 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 9-15, December, 2011
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Setyorini, Diah, Wiwik Hartatik, I. Made Subiksa e Dila Aksani. "Agronomic effectiveness, dry-matter, grain yield, nutrient uptake, and fertilizer use-efficiency of liquid organic fertilizer combined with NPK to sweet corn (Zea mays saccharata Sturt)". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1165, n.º 1 (1 de abril de 2023): 012014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1165/1/012014.
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Abstract The decline in agricultural land productivity due to climate change and excessive use of inorganic fertilizers requires us to implement an environmentally friendly cultivation system, by reducing the application rate of inorganic fertilizers and combining them with organic fertilizers. Liquid organic fertilizer (LOF) is one type of fertilizer that is expected to increase plant growth and yield and reduce the dose of inorganic fertilizers. The objective of this study was to examine the effect of LOF on growth, the yield of sweet corn, nutrient uptake, and the fertilizer use-efficiency of inorganic fertilizers. This Research has conducted at Inceptisol Galuga Bogor, with a randomized block design as an experimental design. The treatments consisted of a control, five doses of LOF and 2 doses of NPK fertilizer. The results showed LOF fertilizer at a dose of 0.75 - 3.0 l ha−1 combined with 100% NPK and 75% NPK increased the yield of fresh cobs by 15% - 19% compared to NPK without LOF. The weight of fresh cobs fertilized with LOF with 100% NPK was (14.63 - 16.68 t ha−1) with RAE= 130 - 205%, which is higher than without LOF (13.73 t ha−1). The combination of LOF with 75% NPK gave the weight of fresh cobs (11.88-15.12 t ha−1) with RAE = 115-507 %, which is higher than without LOF (11.75 t ha−1). LOF can contribute to NPK fertilizer efficiency by 25% of the dose. Nutrient use-efficiency for N is well-managed but lower for P and K.
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Kostadinov, Kostadin, Stoyan Filipov, Radoslav Chipilski e Nadezhda Shopova. "Technologies Protecting the Environment in Urban Areas". E3S Web of Conferences 259 (2021): 01008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125901008.
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Global warming is the leading cause of the extreme meteorological events increase in the last three decades. Increase of annual average air temperature and temperature values during winter and early spring has been recorded in comparison to the (1961-1990) referent period in Plovdiv region. The lettuce development was researched in a greenhouse in the Agricultural University- Plovdiv. During the lettuce growth six different variants were used: no fertilizer, one chemical, and four organic fertilizers. The effect of the different organic fertilizers was studied through specific physiological parameters and productivity. This paper analyzed changes in functional activity of the plant photosynthetic apparatus and productivity of variants with different fertilizers in an unheated greenhouse. The ratio between photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) and quantum yield (qY-Fv/Fm) of PS II was determined to be more optimal in dark-adapted leaves for the organic fertilizer variants, compared to the no fertilizer variant. The lower and significant difference was observed in the values of the minimal fluorescence Fo in reaction centers of PS II after the dark-adaptation of leaves for organic fertilizer variants compared to the no fertilizer variant. Higher values of chlorophyll content index (CCI) were estimated for organic and chemical fertilizers compared to the no fertilizer variant. All variants fertilized with organic and biofertilizers comply with the quality standard from the beginning to the end of harvesting.
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Gil-Ortiz, Ricardo, Miguel Ángel Naranjo, Antonio Ruiz-Navarro, Sergio Atares, Carlos García, Lincoln Zotarelli, Alberto San Bautista e Oscar Vicente. "Enhanced Agronomic Efficiency Using a New Controlled-Released, Polymeric-Coated Nitrogen Fertilizer in Rice". Plants 9, n.º 9 (11 de setembro de 2020): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants9091183.
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Fertilizer-use efficiency is one of the most critical concerns in rice cultivation to reduce N losses, increase yields, and improve crop management. The effects of a new polymeric-coated controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) were compared to those of other slow-release and traditional fertilizers in a microscale experiment, which was carried out in cuvettes under partly controlled ambient conditions, and a large-scale field experiment. To evaluate the fertilizer’s efficiency, nitrogen and water-use efficiency were calculated using the measurement of different photosynthetic and crop yield parameters. Improved responses regarding some of the analyzed physiological and growth parameters were observed for those plants fertilized with the new CRF. In the microscale experiment, significantly increased yields (ca. 35%) were produced in the plants treated with CRF as compared to traditional fertilizer. These results were in accordance with ca. 24% significant increased levels of N in leaves of CRF-treated plants, besides increased P, Fe, Mn, and cytokinin contents. At the field scale, similar yields were obtained with the slow-release or traditional fertilizers and CRF at a 20% reduced N dose. The new controlled-release fertilizer is a urea-based fertilizer coated with lignosulfonates, which is cheaply produced from the waste of pulp and wood industries, containing humic acids as biostimulants. In conclusion, CRF is recommended to facilitate rice crop management and to reduce contamination, as it can be formulated with lower N doses and because it is ecological manufacturing.
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Lteif, Arlette, Joann K. Whalen, Robert L. Bradley e Claude Camiré. "Diagnostic tools to evaluate the foliar nutrition and growth of hybrid poplars". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 38, n.º 8 (agosto de 2008): 2138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x08-069.
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This 2-year study examined the effect of fertilizers on tree growth and foliar nutrition in a Populus trichocarpa Torr. & A. Gray × Populus deltoides Bartr. ex Marsh. plantation located in southwestern Québec. The treatments included a control that did not receive N or P fertilizer, inorganic NP fertilizers, organic fertilizers applied at 65–70 kg N·ha–1, and organic fertilizers applied at 130–140 kg N·ha–1. Fertilized trees were taller and had larger diameters than control trees. Three methods were used to diagnose limiting nutrients and nutrient imbalances, and compare the nutrient supply from different fertilizer sources. The critical value approach and the compositional nutrient diagnosis methods found below-optimum N and P concentrations, sufficient K and Mg concentrations, and an excessive Ca concentration in foliage. Vector analysis compared the N nutrition in foliage from fertilized trees and the control trees. The compositional nutrient diagnosis r2(nutrient imbalance index) was negatively correlated with annual tree growth in height (r = –0.46, P < 0.05) and diameter (r = –0.59, P < 0.05), meaning that trees with a greater nutrient imbalance grew less in height and diameter than trees with balanced foliar nutrition. Of these diagnostic methods, compositional nutrient diagnosis holds promise for identifying nutrient limitations and predicting growth responses to fertilization in hybrid poplar plantations.
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Ramadhani, Debi Sekar, Alvi Nur Inayati, Sundahri Sundahri, Chubab ‘Ainul Yaqin al Ghifari, Ghifarizky Zannu Prasetya, Mutiara Rafsya Asyraf, Aurelia Nur Salsabilla et al. "PEMBERDAYAAN MASYARAKAT DESA SULING KULON, BONDOWOSO MELALUI PEMBUATAN PUPUK ORGANIK DARI LIMBAH PETERNAKAN SAPI UNTUK MENDUKUNG PERTANIAN BERKELANJUTAN". PAPUMA: Journal of Community Services 2, n.º 01 (19 de abril de 2024): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.19184/papuma.v2i01.820.
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Suling Kulon Village has abundant natural resources, the majority of the people of Suling Kulon Village work as farmers and ranchers. Almost every house in Suling Kulon Village keeps cattle. However, the community still does not have awareness of environmental hygiene by allowing cow dung to accumulate in one place without further processing. Cow dung can be used as organic fertilizer which will later be useful for local agriculture, by changing organic fertilizer farmers can overcome the problem of increasingly expensive chemical fertilizers. Cow manure used as organic fertilizer contains macro and micro nutrients which are very useful for plant growth and development and the use of organic fertilizers does not contain chemical elements so that it has no residue. By using organic fertilizers, the soil will be healthier and more fertile. From the existing problems, KKN students have a solution by holding socialization work programs and training in making organic fertilizers so that people are aware of a healthy environment, know how to make organic fertilizers and can implement them at home. This community service activities had been carried out for 45 days from 12th of July to 21st of August 2023. Making organic fertilizer made from cow dung can certainly be an alternative for restoring soil conditions. Organic fertilizer could help fertilize the soil and make agricultural land use sustainable. Apart from that, the manufacture of organic fertilizer made from cow dung also provides benefits for farmers and the community. One of them was in the economic sector, cattle breeders can make a profit by selling the results of making organic fertilizer.
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Stagnari, F., e M. Pisante. " Slow release and conventional N fertilizers for nutrition of bell pepper". Plant, Soil and Environment 58, No. 6 (18 de junho de 2012): 268–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/686/2011-pse.
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Bell pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) high-quality and yield implies the management of N nutrition. Field and pot experiments with bell pepper and Italian ryegrass were carried out during 2009 and 2010. The experimental design included three N delaying fertilizers (Sulfammo Meta 46-5-0, controlled-release fertilizer; Nitrophoska Gold 15-9-15, slow-release fertilizer; Entec 26 26-0-0, stabilized fertilizer), two conventional N fertilizers, urea and calcium nitrate and one N-unfertilized control. The fertilizer’s rate was 150 kg N/ha. A pot experiment with bell pepper followed by ryegrass with the same fertilizers treatments was carried out in 2009. Dry matter (DM) yield, plant N concentration, plant N recovery and fruit mineral concentration were measured. Calcium nitrate and urea produced statistically higher DM in both field and pots. Sulfammo Meta produced always lower yields. In the field plants recovered a minimum of 18% and a maximum of 82% of the N applied, respectively, in Sulfammo Meta and calcium nitrate. In the pot experiment, bell pepper + ryegrass recovered only 32.5% of N applied with Sulfammo Meta and nearly 100% of N applied in the other fertilized pots. None of the slow-release N materials provided clear advantages over conventional fertilizers to be used in this crop.
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Minh, Vo Quang, Le Van Khoa e Nguyen Thi Phuong Dai. "Rice Yield Improvement by Sugarcane Filter Cake Fertilizer Application in the Protected Dyke". International Journal of Agronomy 2023 (10 de fevereiro de 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6811132.
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This study was carried out to evaluate the fertility of rice soil and the effect of inorganic fertilizers combined with sugarcane filter cakes on rice yield in a protected dike area in Cho Moi district, An Giang province. The experiment consists of 4 treatments, and the dose of fertilizer in each treatment is (1) controlled according to the farmers’ dosage (224 kg N + 148 kg P2O5 ha−1), (2) fertilize according to farmers + 6 tons/ha of cow manure composted with straw, (3) fertilizer according to farmers + 6 tons/ha of cow manure composted 15 cm deep, and (4) fertilize according to farmers + 2 tons/ha of organic fertilizer with sugarcane filter cakes. By analyzing the nutrient content of soil samples, it was found that inorganic fertilizers in combination with sugarcane residues improved soil fertility as reduced soil acidity and electrical conductivity, and increased organic matter, total nitrogen content, and exchangeable K. In addition, exchange and enriched exchangeable Mg achieved the highest rice yield, a statistically significant difference compared with organic fertilizer treatment with straw compost and inorganic fertilizer. However, the content of total P, available P, exchangeable Na, and Ca have not improved significantly. Therefore, applying inorganic fertilizers combined with sugarcane filter cakes is an excellent measure to help improve the supply of nutrients from the soil and increase rice yield in the dike land.
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Utai, Katrin, Manuel Narjes, Tatjana Krimly e Christian Lippert. "Farmers’ Preferences for Fertilizers derived from Domestic Sewage and Kitchen Waste – A Discrete Choice Experiment in Germany". German Journal of Agricultural Economics 71, n.º 4 (21 de setembro de 2022): 169–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.30430/gjae.2022.0235.
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In view of increasing energy and resource scarcities, nutrient recycling from domestic wastewater is a promising way to obtain mineral fertilizers. Given the lacking evidence about the acceptance of recycling fertilizers by the farming sector, we elicited farmer preferences and willingness to pay (WTP) for selected attributes of mineral fertilizers made from domestic sewage and kitchen waste. We conducted a Discrete Choice Experiment with 206 German farmers and fitted a Random Parameter Logit (RPL) model. As-suming an average market price level of around 300 euros per tonne of N-P-K fertilizer, the choice exper-iment revealed that farmers not engaged in non-food production such as forage cultivation or renewable energies activities and without farmer-to-consumer direct marketing would accept a recycling fertilizer only together with a financial compensation via price discount of approximately 10%. The average WTP drops considerably if a fertilizer’s heavy metal contents are relatively high and if the absence of drug residues cannot be guaranteed, whereas a customizable nutrient composition and a constant supply availability would have a sales promoting effect. Farmers’ characteristics can only partly explain the notable heterogeneity of the WTP for the considered fertilizer attributes. Even though the WTP for a recycling fertilizer is on average less than that for a conventional mineral fertilizer, the estimated WTP standard deviations suggest that not all farmers expect a financial compensation via price discount when purchasing recycling fertilizers.
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Baghdadi, Ali, Ridzwan A. Halim, Ali Ghasemzadeh, Mohd Fauzi Ramlan e Siti Zaharah Sakimin. "Impact of organic and inorganic fertilizers on the yield and quality of silage corn intercropped with soybean". PeerJ 6 (26 de outubro de 2018): e5280. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.5280.
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Background Corn silage is an important feed for intense ruminant production, but the growth of corn relies heavily on the use of chemical fertilizers. Sustainable crop production requires careful management of all nutrient sources available on a farm, particularly in corn-based cropping systems. Methods Experiments were conducted to determine the appropriate technique of corn-legume intercropping in conjunction with the supplemental use of chemical fertilizers, organic manure, and biofertilizers (BFs). Acetylene reduction assays (ARAs) were also performed on corn and soybean roots. Results Combining chemical fertilizers with chicken manure (CM) in a 50:50 ratio and applying 50% NPK+50% CM+BF produced fresh forage and dry matter (DM) yields that were similar to those produced in the 100% nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) treatment. Among the lone fertilizer treatments, the inorganic fertilizer (100% NPK) treatment produced the highest DM yield (13.86 t/ha) of forage and outyielded the 100% CM (9.74 t/ha) treatment. However, when CM was combined with NPK, the resulting DM yield of forage (13.86 t/ha) was the same as that resulting from 100% NPK (13.68 t/ha). Compared with CM applications alone, combinations of NPK and CM applications resulted in increased plant height, crop growth rates (CGRs) and leaf area index (LAI), but the values of these parameters were similar to those resulting from 100% NPK application. Fertilizers in which the ratio was 50% CM+50% NPK or 50% CM+50% NPK+BF resulted in protein yields that were similar to those resulting from conventional fertilizers. Similarly, the CP content did not significantly differ between applications of the 100% NPK and 50% CM+50% NPK fertilizers. The use of BFs had no significant impact on improving either the yield or quality of forage fertilized with inorganic or organic fertilizer. Lactic acid responded differently to different fertilizer applications and was significantly higher in the fertilized plots than in the unfertilized plots. Compared with treatments of lone chemical and lone organic manure fertilizers, treatments involving applications of BF and a combination of BF and NPK or CM resulted in higher ARA values. Discussion There is no simple and easy approach to increase biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) in grain legumes grown as part of a cropping system under realistic farm field conditions. Overall, evidence recorded from this study proves that, compared with corn monocrops combined with CM and chemical fertilizers, corn-soybean intercrops could increase forage yields and quality, produce higher total protein yields, and reduce the need for protein supplements and chemical fertilizers.
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Bakhmanly, M. "Effect of Norms of Complex Fertilizers on the Main Phases of Development and Dynamics of Growth of Corn". Bulletin of Science and Practice, n.º 5 (15 de maio de 2023): 150–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/90/18.
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The article presents the results of experiments on the influence of the norms of complex fertilizers on the dynamics of corn development. It was revealed that the complex fertilizers used in the study area have a different effect on the beginning of the development phases of the corn plant, as well as on the height and development of the plant. When applying mineral fertilizers (NH4)2HPO4, the vegetation period is 104-105 days. In variants with different doses of fertilizer (NH4)2SO4+(NH4)2HPO4+K2SO4 — 98-100 days. The application of fertilizers in accordance with the phases of plant growth has a positive effect on all structural indicators. In the control variant without fertilizers, the height of the AGAU-80 corn variety was 295.8 cm, which is significantly lower than in the fertilized variant. Fertilizer (NH4)2HPO4 was applied in different doses, the height of the main stem in the phase of milky ripening was 349.4-374.6 cm, and (NH4)2SO4+(NH4)2HPO4+K2SO4 (in different doses) was 342.2-375.2 cm. In all cases, the green and dry weight of corn was significantly higher.
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Kuzin, Andrei, Alexei Solovchenko, Ludmila Stepantsova e Grigory Pugachev. "Soil fertility management in apple orchard with microbial biofertilizers". E3S Web of Conferences 222 (2020): 03020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202022203020.
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Intensification of horticulture in Russia involves planting of new high-density orchards with drip irrigation and fertigation as well as intensification of the exploitation of traditional orchards. This approach involves an increase in mineral fertilizer application imposing the risk of soil fertility loss. For several reasons, the use of traditional organic fertilizers like manure in orchards is currently marginal. Although bacteria-based biofertilizers cannot substitute mineral fertilizers completely, they can significantly reduce the need for mineral fertilizer application. The effect of microbial biofertilizers of the brands “Azotovit” (Azotobacter chroococcum), “Phosphatovit” (Bacillus mucilaginosus), as well as a mixture of bacteria and the fungus, “Organic” (Azotobacter chroococcum, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus megaterium, Trichoderma harzian) was studied in two field experiments. In the experiment #1, the preparations “Azotovit” and “Phosphatovit” were delivered through a drip irrigation system in various combinations with mineral fertilizers. In experiment #2, the preparation “Organic” was also applied to the soil with irrigation water, also in combination with the mineral fertilizer. When solely applied, none of the studied preparations changed significantly the soil nutrient content and yield as compared with the variant fertilized by the mineral fertilizer at the maximum studied application rate. The combination of the microbial biofertilizer and mineral fertilizers applied at a low rate ensured the yield commensurate to that obtained under high-rate application of the mineral fertilizer.
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Susilowati, Lolita Endang, e Bambang Hari Kusumo. "Sosialisasi Pemupukan Berimbang Spesifik Lokasi Untuk Tanaman Jagung Di Kabupaten Dompu". Jurnal Gema Ngabdi 1, n.º 3 (29 de novembro de 2019): 103–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.29303/jgn.v1i3.21.
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Farmers' understanding of how to fertilize efficiently and effectively is not yet fully mastered. Most farmers often fertilize crops beyond the recommended dosage. This community service aims to (1) increase farmers' understanding and knowledge of the quality of fertilizers and balanced fertilization technology to achieve the use of fertilizers that are relatively efficient, (2) disseminating balanced fertilization technology with the correct rules. This activity was started with an explanation of fertilizer and balanced fertilization technology, then continued with a balanced fertilization demonstration in Mumbu Village, Woja Subdistrict Dompu District in the planting season of MK 1 in 2018. As the target partner was the Bina Baru Farmer group, Mumbu Village, Woja Subdistrict, Dompu District and as a working partner is a local agricultural extension agent (PPL). The community service team acts as a facilitator, while the local PPL is tasked with assisting the farmers' demonstration activities. This community service activity uses a participatory approach starting from the beginning to the end of the activity in making decisions. The results of community service activities show as follows (1) there is an increase in farmers' understanding of the quality of fertilizers and determination of fertilizer application based on fertilizer quality in applying the site-specific balanced fertilization concept and (2) mastering the application of balanced fertilizer application technology with the 5 T. rule. The application of proven balanced fertilization technology can increase yields from 9 tons per ha (how to fertilize farmers) to 12 tons per ha
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Driessche, R. van den. "Nursery growth of conifer seedlings using fertilizers of different solubilities and application time, and their forest growth". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 18, n.º 2 (1 de fevereiro de 1988): 172–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x88-027.
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Douglas-fir (Pseudotsugamenziesii (Mirb.) (Franco) and white spruce (Piceaglauca) (Moench) Voss) seedlings were grown in a bare-root nursery for two growing seasons with one of four fertilizers, Osmocote (17-7-12) (OSM), ammonium phosphate (11-55-0) (AMP), ammonium sulphate (21-0-0) (AMS), or Hi-Sol (20-20-20) (HIS), each supplying one of three levels of N: 0, 210, or 350 kg N ha−1, at two different frequencies throughout the growing seasons. Fertilizers, levels, and frequencies were arranged in a factorial design and replicated in three blocks on each species. Additionally, Douglas-fir seedlings that had been grown for two seasons without fertilization were treated with the same amounts, as supplied over two seasons, of AMP, AMS, and HIS between 1 September and 20 October, as a late-season treatment. After two seasons, mean dry weight differences due to fertilizers were, for Douglas-fir seedlings: AMP > AMS > HIS = OSM, and for white spruce seedlings: AMS = AMP > HIS > OSM. Dry weight was increased by increasing level of fertilizer. Fertilization increased shoot growth compared with root growth and resulted in seedlings having more dry matter in stems and less in needles at the end of two seasons. Dry weight of 2-0 white spruce was correlated with soil pH (r2 = 0.61) NO3 (r2 = 0.57), and P (r2 = 0.34) measured in September of the first growing season, indicating that fertilizers affected growth by their influence on these factors. Measurements made at planting showed late-season fertilized Douglas-fir had higher N and P tissue concentrations than growing-season fertilized trees. On average late-season fertilized trees had 6% higher survival than growing-season fertilized trees after planting in the forest. Survival appeared related to needle N concentration at planting, with maximum survival occurring at about 2.1% N. Height and stem volume relative growth rates were higher for late-season fertilized trees, although growing-season fertilized trees were still 9% taller than late-season fertilized trees after three seasons in the forest. Results suggested that fertilizer solubility was not as important for nursery growth as fertilizer composition, and its effect on soil pH, and that late-season fertilized stock might outperform growing-season fertilized stock in the forest.
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Ahadiyat, Yugi Rahayu, e Sisno Sisno. "Hasil Padi dan Kelimpahan Gulma dengan Aplikasi Jenis Pupuk Berbeda di Lahan Kering Tadah Hujan pada Musim Kemarau". Jurnal Ilmu Pertanian Indonesia 26, n.º 2 (28 de abril de 2021): 259–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.18343/jipi.26.2.259.
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Rice yield and proper weed control need to be increased through an environmentally friendly agricultural system approach in rainfed land during the dry season by reducing the dosage of synthetic fertilizers. This study aims to determine the effect of different fertilizer applications on rice yield and weed abundance in rainfed land during the dry season. The study used a split-plot design, with the main plot of rice variety, i.e., Situ Bagendit and IR-64, and subplots of fertilizer, namely synthetic fertilizers (N, P, K), organic fertilizers + P60 + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizers, organic fertilizers + PGPR + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizer and organic fertilizer + P60 + PGPR + ½ dose of synthetic fertilizer with three replications. The variables observed were rice yield components, namely panicle length, total empty grain and content per panicle, grain weights per hill, effective plot and hectare, 1000 grain weight, harvest index, and weeds summed dominance ratio (SDR). The synthetic fertilizers and three various organic fertilizers, biological fertilizers, and synthetic fertilizers gave different results on the SDR of weeds. The weeds of Sphenoclea zeynalica and Cyperus difformis showed consistent dominance with higher SDR than other weeds, i.e.,> 15 and > 10, respectively. The application of organic and biological fertilizers with half the recommended dosage of the synthetic fertilizers is equivalent to applying the recommended dosage of synthetic fertilizers on rice yield during the dry season on the rainfed dryland with low rainfall intensity and a low yield of 1.3–1.7 t/ha.
Keywords: biological fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, organic fertilizers, rice, weeds
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Voitova, G. P. "Influence of fertilizer systems on spring barley yield under conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe". Scientific Journal Grain Crops 5, n.º 1 (2021): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.31867/2523-4544/0161.
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The research results of the influence of fertilizer systems on the productivity of spring barley in the Right-bank Forest Steppe were presented. Traditionally fertilized backgrounds were studied: mineral, organic and organomineral (with half fertilizer rates of previous backgrounds), and the alternative to organic matter was cereal straw and biomass of green manure crops. The best backgrounds and optimal fertilizer systems for high level of grain yield were determined. The main factors that formed the productive plant density of spring barley were the rates and types of fertilizers. The improving of plant nutrition due to using of organic and mineral fertilizers led to an increase in the productive plant density in the agrocenosis and the competitiveness of plants, the reducing of weed infestation. Depending on the type of fertilizer, the grain yield of spring barley changed. Based on the research results, it was found that the combination of traditional fertilization with the application of alternative types of organic matter increased the grain yield of barley spring compared to the control variant on mineral background within 1.61–2.04 t/ha, organic – 1.69–2.14 t/ha, organomineral – 1.79–2.19 t/ha. At the same time, the yield indicators had a range: 4.86–5.29 t/ha on the mineral, 4.94–5.39 t/ha – organic and 5.04–5.44 t/ha organomineral background. The highest yield of spring barley was provided by a combined fertilizer system with half norms both mineral fertilizer and manure against the background of the afteraction of predecessor straw with compensatory dose of N10/t and green manure biomass of white mustard as organic fertilizer, and equaled of 5.44 t/ha (yield gain was 2.19 t/ha compared to control). The optimal fertilizer systems to increase of spring barley yield in conditions of the Right Bank Forest Steppe are combined mineral, organic and organomineral fertilizer systems, which include the use of traditional fertilizers: the action of mineral fertilizers and the afteraction of manure, as well as alternative fertilizers – the straw of predecessor with a compensatory dose of N10/t in combination with the white mustard biomass. Keywords: spring barley, predecessor by-products, mineral fertilizers, yield, fertilizer systems, grain quality.
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Kozlova, N. V., e L. S. Malyukova. "Change in the soils’ fertility level of tea agrocenoses in the transition to cultivation without mineral fertilizers in the humid-subtropical zone of Russia". E3S Web of Conferences 254 (2021): 05009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125405009.
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Research was carried out on the basis of preserved field multifactor experiment on tea crop (Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze) in the conditions of the Sochi Black Sea coast. The application of NPK fertilizers in different doses and combinations according to the experimental scheme was carried out annually from 1986 to 2011. Since 2012, the use of fertilizers has been completely discontinued. The fertility indicators of long-fertilized brown forest acidic soils (in layers 0-20/20-40 cm) were compared with those after 7-8 years of fertilizer withdrawal. During the period of fertilizers’ application, the level of soils’ nitrogen supply significantly exceeded the control (by 30-75/30-56 mg/kg depending on the doses of nitrogen fertilizers). After the fertilizers’ discontinuity, nitrogen supply level equalization occurred in all experimental options. The content of labile phosphorus in soils previously fertilized with high phosphorus doses (120 kg P2O5 ha-1 year-1 and more), during the period of experiment’s conservation decreased by 450-500/350-450 mg/kg, but exceeded the control in 2-2.5 times; in soils previously fertilized by low doses, the indicators have not changed significantly. In soils highly supplied with labile potassium, the content of the element decreased by 70-140 mg/kg. The yield of tea in 2019-2020 was equally low (12-26 cwt/ha) on all options, 2.2-3 times lower than fertilized plantations. After the fertilizers’ withdrawal, there was a decrease in acidity (an average increase in pH by 0.18-0.24/0.12-0.20 units) of agrogenic-acidized soils and an increase in their oppressed respiratory activity (on average by 1.6 times). These changes reflect the tendency of soil self-restoration after the removal of the fertilizers’ load.
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Yusnaini, Sri. "Existing of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal on The Corn Field Subjected by Long-term Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers". JOURNAL OF TROPICAL SOILS 14, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2009): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.5400/jts.2009.v14i3.253-260.
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Existing of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi were investigated in continuously cropped, conventional agro ecosystems which had received annual long-term (4 years) amendments of either manure or inorganic fertilizer. The systems had an identical 4–year crops rotation and differed essentially only in the amount and type of fertilizer supplied. Experiment was setup at Taman Bogo, in the vicinity of Probolinggo, East Lampung. The eight farming systems differed mainly in fertilization application. The organic systems were fertilized exclusively with chicken manure (CK), and green manure Glyricidium sp. (GM) 20 Mg ha-1. One conventional system was fertilized with the inorganic fertilizers (IF) (urea 300 kg ha-1, SP 36 200 kg ha-1, and KCl 100 kg ha-1). Four proportion combination fertilized organic and inorganic fertilizers i.e combination of 50% CK + 50% IF, 50% GM + 50% IF, 75% CK + 25% IF, and 75% GM + 25% IF. Application of chicken manure both exclusively or combination with inorganic fertilizer gave the higher AMF spore number and root colonization than others treatment. The dominant species of AMF at all treatment was Glomus constrictum.
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Cardarelli, Mariateresa, Antonio El Chami, Paola Iovieno, Youssef Rouphael, Paolo Bonini e Giuseppe Colla. "Organic Fertilizer Sources Distinctively Modulate Productivity, Quality, Mineral Composition, and Soil Enzyme Activity of Greenhouse Lettuce Grown in Degraded Soil". Agronomy 13, n.º 1 (7 de janeiro de 2023): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13010194.
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Intensive greenhouse vegetable production is often associated with a decline of crop productivity due to the increase of soil salinity and/or a reduction of biological fertility. The aim of the current work was to assess the effects of three organic fertilizers on morpho-physiological and agronomic traits of greenhouse lettuce as well as soil enzyme activity under poor soil quality conditions. The tested organic fertilizers (poultry manure, vinasse-based fertilizer, and insect’s frass fertilizer) were applied pre-planting at the same equivalent nitrogen (N) rate (90 kg N ha−1). Laboratory incubation assay results showed that vinasse-based fertilizer was the most suitable fertilizer in supplying the mineral N in the short term. All fertilizers increased shoot fresh and dry weight compared to unfertilized control with a more pronounced effect (+75%) with vinasse-based fertilizer and insect’s frass. Insect frass reduced by 27% the leaf nitrate concentration in comparison with the other treatments. The toxic heavy metal Pb was 46% lower in all organically fertilized lettuce leaves. Soil enzymatic activities of acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, arylsulfatase (ArS), N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase), dehydrogenase, and total hydrolase (THA) were enhanced by poultry manure and insect’s frass in comparison with unfertilized control while vinasse-based fertilizer increased ArS, NAGase, and THA. Taken together, our data demonstrate that the application of organic fertilizers especially vinasse-based fertilizer and insect’s frass during intensive crop production is a suitable approach for mitigating the negative impact of soil salinity, enhancing soil biological fertility, and improving agronomic performance of greenhouse lettuce.
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Khoi Nghia, Nguyen, Chau Thi Anh Thy, Le Thi Xa e Do Thanh Luan. "Recycling of biogas wastewater to organic fertilizers and influence of organic fertilizers on maize, mung bean growth and yield under the field conditions". Applied Environmental Biotechnology 7, n.º 1 (2022): 16–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.26789/aeb.2022.01.003.
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The objective of the study was to utilize the biogas effluents to produce solid and liquid organic fertilizers, as well as evaluate their effect on the growth and yield of corn and mung beans under field conditions. For liquid organic fertilizer, biogas effluents were mixed with fish emulsion and beneficial bacteria while biogas effluents-absorbing coal slag was mixed with sugarcane filter, fishmeal and beneficial bacteria to create solid organic fertilizer. Liquid organic fertilizer was irrigated with a dose of 5 L/1000 m2 while solid organic fertilizer was applied with a dose of 1 ton/ha with 75% recommended NPK formula for maize and mung bean. The results showed that applying solid or liquid organic fertilizer formulated from biogas effluents with other amendments helped to reduce the amount of recommended NPK fertilizer by 25%, but still maintained growth and yield of maize and mungbean equivalent to the control treatment fertilized with 100% recommended NPK. In conclusion, the amount of organic matter and N, P, K in biogas effluents from biogas digesters can be utilized to produce organic fertilizers which not only help to reduce chemical fertilizers, but also solve the environmental problems and create new friendly value-added products for practicing sustainable agricultural production.
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Haraga, Lucian-Constantin, e Viorel Ion. "The Effects of Side-Dressing Different Rates and Release Types of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Hybrid Seed Maize Production". Romanian Agricultural Research 40 (2023): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.59665/rar4040.
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Chemical fertilizers have been for a long time similar to the original ones created in the 1960’s, only recently with the increase emphasis on environmental impact, and the need to reduce quantities of fertilizers used, we have seen the introduction of slow-release and controlled release fertilizers from small surface high value crops towards large field crop production. Side-dressing N fertilizers in maize crops has been a standard in Europe for more than 50 years and thus still has a wide rate of adoption in farms, as it has been the easiest option to apply nitrogen closer to the maximum consumption point, which starts after the plant reaches 8 leaves stage (BBCH-18). Thus, our research has focused on studying the impact of using different rates of nitrogen (40, 80 and 120 kg/ha) of the new release types of fertilizers (Urea NG, Multicote 34-0-7) side-dressing and to establish if there is any benefit, in hybrid seed maize production, of substituting classical fertilizers (ammonium nitrate) with newer ones. The study has been conducted for 3 years in irrigated field research plots in the soil and climatic conditions from north-east of Romania. Our research has revealed several key aspects in terms of the effect on vegetative and generative development of hybrid seed maize plants: longer vegetation period for plants fertilized with slow and controlled release fertilizers, better use of the nitrogen from classical fertilizers as their availability for uptake overlaps with the needs of the plant starting from the side-dress moment. Other aspects evidentiated are reduction in quantity of fertilizer needed, thus economic benefits and similar yield with classical nitrogen fertilizer dressing.
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Acharya, Nischal, Shree Prasad Vista, Shova Shrestha, Nabina Neupane e Naba Raj Pandit. "Potential of Biochar-Based Organic Fertilizers on Increasing Soil Fertility, Available Nutrients, and Okra Productivity in Slightly Acidic Sandy Loam Soil". Nitrogen 4, n.º 1 (31 de dezembro de 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nitrogen4010001.
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Reducing chemical fertilizers is critical for maintaining soil health and minimizing environmental damage. Biochar-based organic fertilizers reduce fertilizer inputs, improve soil fertility, increase crop productivity, and reduce environmental risks. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted in a greenhouse to assess the potential of biochar-based organic and inorganic fertilizers to improve soil fertility and Okra yield. Seven treatments with three replicates were arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Three treatments included biochar-blended formulations (i) biochar mixed with mineral NPK fertilizer (BF), (ii) biochar mixed with vermicompost (BV), and (iii) biochar mixed with goat manure (BM); two treatments included biochar enrichment formulations (iv) biochar enriched with cow urine (BCU) and (v) biochar enriched with mineral NPK fertilizer in aqueous solution (BFW), and the remaining two included control treatments; (vi) control (CK: no biochar and no fertilizers) and (vii) fertilized control (F: only recommended NPK fertilizer and no biochar). Mineral NPK fertilizers in BF, BFW, and F were applied at the recommended rate as urea, di-ammonium phosphate (DAP), and muriate of potash (MOP). Organic fertilizers in BV, BM, and BCU treatments were applied in equal quantities. All biochar-amended treatments showed improved soil chemical properties with higher pH, organic carbon, total N, and available P and K compared to the two non-biochar control plots (CK and F). Biochar blended with goat manure (BM) showed the highest effect on soil fertility and fruit yield. BM (51.8 t ha−1) increased fruit yield by 89% over CK (27.4 t ha−1) and by 88% over F (27 t ha−1). Similarly, cow urine-enriched biochar (BCU) (35 t ha−1) increased fruit yield by 29% and 28% compared to CK and F, respectively. Soil pH, OC, and nutrient availability (total N, available P, and available K) showed a significantly positive relationship with fruit yield. The study suggests that using biochar-based organic fertilizers, such as BCU and BM, could outperform recommended mineral fertilizers (F) and produce higher yields and healthy soils, thereby contributing to mitigating the current food security and environmental concerns of the country.
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Lupu, Cornelia, Cătălina Druţu, Lorena-Diana Popa e Margareta Naie. "Influence of Chemical Fertilizers Application on Autumn Wheat Yield in Long-Term Experiences at Agricultural Research and Development Secuieni, Neamţ County, Romania". Cercetari Agronomice in Moldova 47, n.º 3 (1 de setembro de 2014): 27–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/cerce-2014-0024.
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Abstract The current paper intends to interpret from a technical point of view the data and yield functions which resulted from applying different fertilizer doses with nitrogen and phosphorus. The analyzed parameters (yield, yield increase, marginal increase) represent basic elements with determining role in establishing the doses and approximating the economic efficiency when applying fertilizers. The data comes from a long time experience with chemical fertilizers at Agricultural Research and Development Station (A.R.D.S.) Secuieni, Neamţ county, Romania, since 1975 and examines the results obtained between 2010-2012. As a result of nitrogen and phosphorus chemical fertilizers application (compared to the unfertilized version N0P0), were achieved yield increases of 5-56%, representing 234-2342 kg/ha. The resulted yield have been influenced by the fertilizer’s type but also by the weather conditions in the research period. The use of phosphorus fertilizers in doses of P40-P160 brought medium yield increases compared to the unfertilized version P0 of 5-13% representing 256-681 kg/ha, and those with N40-N160 nitrogen brought medium increases (compared to the unfertilized version N0) of 15 -35% representing 599-1584 kg/ha. The production increases were directly correlated with the doses used, establishing highly significant correlations. The yield increases achieved by applying 1 kg of fertilizer active matter had medium values of 4.25-8.82 kg wheat/kg active matter P2O5 at phosphorus fertilizers and 9.9-14.97 kg wheat/kg active matter N at nitrogen fertilizers. These increases were indirectly correlated with the applied doses.
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Sikora, Jakub, Marcin Niemiec, Monika Tabak, Zofia Gródek-Szostak, Anna Szeląg-Sikora, Maciej Kuboń e Monika Komorowska. "Assessment of the Efficiency of Nitrogen Slow-Release Fertilizers in Integrated Production of Carrot Depending on Fertilization Strategy". Sustainability 12, n.º 5 (5 de março de 2020): 1982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12051982.
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Optimization of plant nutrition is a very important part of primary production quality systems. Crop fertilization is the most important agrotechnical measure because it determines the amount and quality of the yield. Moreover, excess fertilization intensifies the eutrophication processes and the greenhouse effect. The study aimed to assess the suitability of slow-release fertilizers in cultivation of carrot subspecies Daucus carota L. ssp. sativus in the integrated production system. The objective was realized on the basis of a strict field experiment set up on a clay loam soil with low nutrient content. The dose of fertilizer was the experimental factor. The fertilizers were applied during the formation of the ridges. Traditional fertilizers (ammonium phosphate, potassium salt, ammonium nitrate, and a multi-component fertilizer Polifoska 6), as well as a multi-component fertilizer with slow release of nutrients, NPK Mg (18-12-24-4), were used. In individual variants of the experiment, different fertilization strategies were applied: integrated production fertilization, traditional fertilization, and fertilization based on the use of slow-release fertilizers. The control treatment comprised of unfertilized plants. The efficiency of nitrogen fertilization was evaluated based on agronomic efficiency, partial factor productivity, physiological efficiency, and removal efficiency. Fertilization strategy significantly impacted the quantity of obtained yield. In the control sample, prior to mineral fertilization, the crop yield was 33.53 Mg·ha−1. The largest yield was 82.30 Mg·ha−1.The largest yields were obtained from plants fertilized with a combination of slow-release fertilizers, with nitrogen introduced in the form of ammonium phosphate, and through conventional fertilization. The highest productivity and environmental efficiency were obtained in treatments with fertilization according to the principles of integrated production and with slow-release fertilizers. In terms of environmental efficiency, the best results were obtained through nitrogen fertilization using 400 kg of slow-release fertilizers. The use of slow-release fertilizers in carrot cultivation can significantly improve the efficiency of fertilization, both in terms of production and environmental protection.
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Ndongo, Bekolo, Patrice Zemko Ngatsi, Monique Abossolo-Angue, Behly Tanekou Ndjaa, William Norbert Tueguem Kuate, Sylvere Landry Lontsi Dida, Thierry Songwe Atindo, Christian Fabrice Gbaporo Gbaporo e Zachee Ambang. "Comparative Efficiency of Organic and Inorganic Fertilizers on Maize (Zea mays L.) Growth and Yield in the Rainforest Zone of Centre Cameroon". Sustainable Agriculture Research 11, n.º 4 (23 de outubro de 2022): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/sar.v11n4p28.
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Maize is a major crop grown and consumed in the world and it requires a high fertilizer input. Although chemical fertilizers are an important input to get higher crop productivity, they have an impact on soil fertility, environment and human health. A field study was carried out to find alternatives to the mineral fertilization of maize. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of fertilizers on maize growth and yield while evaluating economic profitability. Four treatments (control, compost, poultry manure and mineral fertilizer NPK 20-10-10) and two maize varieties (local variety and improved variety CMS 8704) were used in a split-plot design with four replicates. Physicochemical analyses of soil and organic fertilizer were determined. Growth parameters, yield and acceptability index were evaluated. As results, poultry manure and compost are rich in nitrogen and phosphorus. At 9 weeks after sowing (WAS) the best stem diameter was obtained by the local variety in the plots fertilized with mineral fertilizer (2.83±0.31 cm). The yield of the CMS 8704 variety was significantly higher in the plots fertilized with poultry manure (2.23 t ha-1) than the yield of the local variety in the control plots (1.16 t ha-1). Principal component analysis (PCA) shows that compost and poultry manure were characterized by an increase in growth parameters as well as mineral fertilizer NPK. Poultry manure had the highest acceptability index of 1.25. In view of these results, it is clear that organic fertilizers; especially poultry manure, would have a positive impact on increasing maize production.
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Niemiec, Marcin, e Monika Komorowska. "The Use of Slow-Release Fertilizers as a Part of Optimization of Celeriac Production Technology". Agricultural Engineering 22, n.º 2 (1 de julho de 2018): 59–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/agriceng-2018-0016.
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AbstractThe aim of this study was to assess the possibility of using slow-release fertilizers under intensive vegetable cultivation. To achieve the set research objective, a field experiment was set up in 2017, where slow-release fertilizer (NPK (%) 20-10-10+4MgO) was applied. The experiment comprised three levels of fertilization with the use of slow-release fertilizers, the control without fertilization, and the control fertilized with conventional fertilizers. The slow-release fertilizer was applied directly under each plant and in rows – approximately 8 cm below the root level. The designed systems were evaluated based on the size of commercial yield, productivity index, agronomic efficiency index, removal efficiency index, and physiological efficiency index. The results obtained in the field experiment indicate that the highest plant yield (54.22 Mg of commercial yield∙ha−1) was obtained at the highest dose of slow-release fertilizers (600 kg∙ha−1 applied in rows approximately 8 cm below the root level). In the case of direct fertilization, in the treatment with the highest dose of slow-release fertilizer, a reduction in yield was observed. The best results, in terms of equalizing the mass of individual roots, were obtained under conventional fertilization. The most favorable value of the productivity index was obtained in the variant where 400 kg∙ha−1 slow-release fertilizer was applied directly, while in the case of row application the best results were obtained at the dose of 600 kg∙ha−1. Celeriac fertilization with slow-release fertilizers under root may result in producing a yield of bigger differences in root mass, compared to conventional fertilization system.
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N’Dayegamiye, Adrien. "Response of silage corn and wheat to dairy manure and fertilizers in long-term fertilized and manured trials". Canadian Journal of Soil Science 76, n.º 3 (1 de agosto de 1996): 357–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4141/cjss96-043.
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Silage corn (Zea mays L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown (1987–1991) in trials that had been manured and fertilized since 1978 to evaluate the effects of annual N, P, K and Mg fertilizers and dairy cattle manure on yields and nutrient uptake. Manure as the main factor was applied at 0 and 20 Mg ha−1 on a wet-weight basis. The subplots consisted of six fertilizer treatments: NK, PK, NP, NPK, NPKMg and the unfertilized control. For silage corn, fertilizer rates were 150, 100, 150 and 40 kg ha−1 N, P2O5, K2O and Mg, respectively. Fertilizer rates for wheat were 80, 100, 120 and 40 kg ha−1 N, P2O5, K2O and Mg, respectively. In manured plots, reduced N rates were applied for silage corn (100 kg N ha−1) and wheat (50 kg N ha−1). Silage corn and wheat yields and nutrient uptake were significantly increased by manure, N and K fertilizers whereas P and Mg effects were limited. A N-K synergistic effect on yields and nutrient uptake was observed both for silage corn and wheat. Application of K fertilizer significantly reduced silage corn Mg uptake without limiting yields, while it increased wheat yields and Mg uptake. Reduced N rates applied to silage corn and wheat achieved maximum yields and nutrient uptake in long-term manured treatments. Crop response to fertilizer application varied with crop species and was higher for silage corn than for wheat. Fertilizer adjustment is necessary after a long-term fertilizer or manure application. Key words: Silage corn, wheat, yields, nutrient uptake, manure, fertilizers, long-term, response to fertilizers
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Mustikawati, Dewi Rumbaina, Junita Barus, Ratna Wylis Arief, Etia Sari Girsang e Niluh Putu Sri Ratmini. "SORGHUM AND ECO-FRIENDLY AGRICULTURE IN INDONESIA". Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 12, n.º 7 (16 de julho de 2024): e3807. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v12i7.3807.
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Purpose: This paper reviews the research results on sorghum plants that use organic fertilizer to increase production. Theoretical reference: Sorghum plants also need to be fertilized to increase productivity. The use of chemical fertilizers in plants will have a broad impact on the environment and human health, so it is necessary to have an alternative organic fertilizer that is safe and leads to environmentally friendly agriculture, in addition to being a source of nutrients and to improve the properties of infertile soil. Methods: This research is supported and studied with a descriptive qualitative method. All information is collected through document analysis. The literature taken is the most recent year (the last 10 years). The productivity resulting from applying organic fertilizers is compared to the productivity without applying organic fertilizers. Then see the increase in results. In addition to productivity, the results of research on the quality of sorghum seeds are also seen. Results: According to various research results, applying organic fertilizers increases productivity ranging from 5.66% to 71.28% with an average of 20.96% compared to without organic fertilizers. Conclusions: Indonesia is one of the countries with the potential for the development of sorghum which can be done by environmentally friendly cultivation and the use of organic fertilizers because it is proven to increase productivity and improve the quality of sorghum seeds. Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) planting can sustainably meet more food needs because sorghum plants have a higher protein content than corn and rice plants.