Bibliografias temáticas / Femur Diseases

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Femur Diseases"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 1 de fevereiro de 2022

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Femur Diseases"

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Kalchenko, A. V., B. A. Babalyan, O. M. Khvysyuk, T. S. Gurbanova, D. V. Cherepov e S. M. Maznyakov. "Fractures of the proximal femur in patients with concomitant diseases". Problems of Uninterrupted Medical Training and Science 2017, n.º 1 (abril de 2017): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31071/promedosvity2017.01.049.

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Gafarov, Kh Z., I. F. Akhtyamov, M. V. Maleev e A. I. Blokha. "Analysis of the variations of the fixation of proximal part of the femur in the treatment of hip joint diseases in children using the apparatus". Kazan medical journal 74, n.º 2 (15 de abril de 1993): 83–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj64627.

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On the basis of a numerical experiment using the mathematical apparatus of finite element method on the computer IBM PC by means of program package Microcomputeraided design of structures modified for design of structures, applied in traumatology and orthopedics, a new method of the apparatus fixation if proximal part of the femur is developed. The arranging of Elizarovs apparatus suggested provides the needle rod fixation of the femur. The method is used in the treatment of 84 patients with hip joint diseases, positive results are obtained in 96,4% of the cases. The efficacy of the method allows recommending it for the treatment of patients with congenital dislocations of the femur, aseptic necrosis of the head of the femur and coxa-vara in specialized hospitals.
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Levadnyi, Ievgen, Jan Awrejcewicz, Yan Zhang e Yaodong Gu. "Comparison of femur strain under different loading scenarios: Experimental testing". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 235, n.º 1 (18 de agosto de 2020): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954411920951033.

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Bone fracture, formation and adaptation are related to mechanical strains in bone. Assessing bone stiffness and strain distribution under different loading conditions may help predict diseases and improve surgical results by determining the best conditions for long-term functioning of bone-implant systems. In this study, an experimentally wide range of loading conditions (56) was used to cover the directional range spanned by the hip joint force. Loads for different stance configurations were applied to composite femurs and assessed in a material testing machine. The experimental analysis provides a better understanding of the influence of the bone inclination angle in the frontal and sagittal planes on strain distribution and stiffness. The results show that the surface strain magnitude and stiffness vary significantly under different loading conditions. For the axial compression, maximal bending is observed at the mid-shaft, and bone stiffness is also maximal. The increased inclination leads to decreased stiffness and increased magnitude of maximum strain at the distal end of the femur. For comparative analysis of results, a three-dimensional, finite element model of the femur was used. To validate the finite element model, strain gauges and digital image correlation system were employed. During validation of the model, regression analysis indicated robust agreement between the measured and predicted strains, with high correlation coefficient and low root-mean-square error of the estimate. The results of stiffnesses obtained from multi-loading conditions experiments were qualitatively compared with results obtained from a finite element analysis of the validated model of femur with the same multi-loading conditions. When the obtained numerical results are qualitatively compared with experimental ones, similarities can be noted. The developed finite element model of femur may be used as a promising tool to estimate proximal femur strength and identify the best conditions for long-term functioning of the bone-implant system in future study.
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Kim, Hui Taek, Byung Guk Park e Chong Il Yoo. "Valgus-Flexion Osteotomy of the Proximal Femur in Childhood Hip Diseases". Journal of the Korean Orthopaedic Association 37, n.º 2 (2002): 233. http://dx.doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2002.37.2.233.

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Adusumilli, Gautam, Joshua D. Kaggie, Simona D’Amore, Timothy M. Cox, Patrick Deegan, James W. MacKay e Scott McDonald. "Improving the quantitative classification of Erlenmeyer flask deformities". Skeletal Radiology 50, n.º 2 (30 de julho de 2020): 361–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00256-020-03561-2.

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AbstractThe Erlenmeyer flask deformity is a common skeletal modeling deformity, but current classification systems are binary and may restrict its utility as a predictor of associated skeletal conditions. A quantifiable 3-point system of severity classification could improve its predictive potential in disease. Ratios were derived from volumes of regions of interests drawn in 50 Gaucher’s disease patients. ROIs were drawn from the distal physis to 2 cm proximal, 2 cm to 4 cm, and 4 cm to 6 cm. Width was also measured at each of these boundaries. Two readers rated these 100 femurs using a 3-point scale of severity classification. Weighted kappa indicated reliability and one-way analysis of variance characterized ratio differences across the severity scale. Accuracy analyses allowed determination of clinical cutoffs for each ratio. Pearson’s correlations assessed the associations of volume and width with a shape-based concavity metric of the femur. The volume ratio incorporating the metaphyseal region from 0 to 2 cm and the diametaphyseal region at 4–6 cm was most accurate at distinguishing femurs on the 3-point scale. Receiver operating characteristic curves for this ratio indicated areas of 0.95 to distinguish normal and mild femurs and 0.93 to distinguish mild and severe femurs. Volume was moderately associated with the degree of femur concavity. The proposed volume ratio method is an objective, proficient method at distinguishing severities of the Erlenmeyer flask deformity with the potential for automation. This may have application across diseases associated with the deformity and deficient osteoclast-mediated modeling of growing bone.
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Kim, Young Jae, Seung Ro Lee, Ja-Young Choi e Kwang Gi Kim. "Using Convolutional Neural Network with Taguchi Parametric Optimization for Knee Segmentation from X-Ray Images". BioMed Research International 2021 (23 de agosto de 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5521009.

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Loss of knee cartilage can cause intense pain at the knee epiphysis and this is one of the most common diseases worldwide. To diagnose this condition, the distance between the femur and tibia is calculated based on X-ray images. Accurate segmentation of the femur and tibia is required to assist in the calculation process. Several studies have investigated the use of automatic knee segmentation to assist in the calculation process, but the results are of limited value owing to the complexity of the knee. To address this problem, this study exploits deep learning for robust segmentation not affected by the environment. In addition, the Taguchi method is applied to optimize the deep learning results. Deep learning architecture, optimizer, and learning rate are considered for the Taguchi table to check the impact and interaction of the results. When the Dilated-Resnet architecture is used with the Adam optimizer and a learning rate of 0.001, dice coefficients of 0.964 and 0.942 are obtained for the femur and tibia for knee segmentation. The implemented procedure and the results of this investigation may be beneficial to help in determining the correct margins for the femur and tibia and can be the basis for developing an automatic diagnosis algorithm for orthopedic diseases.
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Li, Guoan, Ramprasad Papannagari, Kyung Wook Nha, Louis E. DeFrate, Thomas J. Gill e Harry E. Rubash. "The Coupled Motion of the Femur and Patella During In Vivo Weightbearing Knee Flexion". Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, n.º 6 (19 de abril de 2007): 937–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2803267.

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The movement of the knee joint consists of a coupled motion between the tibiofemoral and patellofemoral articulations. This study measured the six degrees-of-freedom kinematics of the tibia, femur, and patella using dual-orthogonal fluoroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging. Ten normal knees from ten living subjects were investigated during weightbearing flexion from full extension to maximum flexion. The femoral and the patellar motions were measured relative to the tibia. The femur externally rotated by 12.9deg and the patella tilted laterally by 16.3deg during the full range of knee flexion. Knee flexion was strongly correlated with patellar flexion (R2=0.91), posterior femoral translation was strongly correlated to the posterior patellar translation (R2=0.87), and internal-external rotation of the femur was correlated to patellar tilt (R2=0.73) and medial-lateral patellar translation (R2=0.63). These data quantitatively indicate a kinematic coupling between the tibia, femur, and patella, and provide base line information on normal knee joint kinematics throughout the full range of weightbearing flexion. The data also suggest that the kinematic coupling of tibia, femur, and patella should be considered when investigating patellar pathologies and when developing surgical techniques to treat knee joint diseases.
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Landines Jiménez, Katherin, Nayive Nieves Pimiento e Carlos Augusto Toledo Bueno. "Simulation of forces applied to the human femur: Analysis of finite elements". Revista vínculos 16, n.º 1 (30 de junho de 2019): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.14483/2322939x.15575.

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This document analyzes the efforts made to the human femur through a simulation of finite elements in Solidworks, in order to carry out the design of the femur in this study, the average height of the population of Malaysia were used, which is similar to that of the average Colombian population (Table 1.) and for the tests, a material with the same mechanical characteristics was simulated in the program of the human cortical bone, permitting a more approximate visualization of stresses and deformations to which the femur is exposed in the usual state and thus, identify the critical areas in which the probability of fracture or wear is greater, the results of this analysis do not apply For women in a state of pregnancy or people with osteoarthritic diseases. This analysis is important to identify which are the areas that present greater deterioration, considering that the bones lose their property of self-recovery over the years increasing the probability of presenting a fracture, having this information clear the prosthetic studies and medical treatments focused on the femur can be deepened. In this analysis, it can be identified that the male femur has greater resistance to tension and deformation than the female femur and how the femoral head is the most critical area of both the female and male fêmur.
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Schultz, Kyle A., Benjamin A. Westcott, Kimberly R. Barber e Todd A. Sandrock. "Elevated 1-Year Mortality Rate in Males Sustaining Low-Energy Proximal Femur Fractures and Subgroup Analysis Utilizing Age-Adjusted Charlson Comorbidity Index". Geriatric Orthopaedic Surgery & Rehabilitation 11 (1 de janeiro de 2020): 215145931989864. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2151459319898644.

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Introduction: Low-energy proximal femur fractures are common in the aging population and the ability to identify patients at increased mortality risk provides surgeons information to improve informed decision-making with patients and families. We evaluated for gender differences in 1-year mortality after sustaining low-energy proximal femur fractures with subgroup analysis to identify the impact of fracture location, age, and comorbidities on mortality. Materials and Methods: Patients ≥40 years of age sustaining a low-energy proximal femur fracture identified at our institution between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2017. International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision and International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes were used to identify comorbidities for calculation of the age-adjusted Charlson comorbidity index (ACCI). The county clerk database was searched to identify mortality within 1 year of injury. One-year mortality rates were calculated and multiple comparisons were made between genders controlling for age, fracture location, and/or ACCI. Results: Women presented with low-energy proximal femur fractures at a rate of almost 3:1 to men at our institution ( P = .001). Men demonstrated a significantly increased ACCI at presentation (5.35 ± 2.55 vs 4.86 ± 1.77, P = .03). Men had an increased 1-year mortality rate for all (31.3% vs 21.5%, P = .004) and intertrochanteric (IT) fractures (36.2% vs 22.9%, P = .008). Controlling for ACCI, gender, and fracture location, men demonstrated increased mortality rate with IT fractures ( P = .002) and trended toward but did not reach significance with femoral neck fractures ( P = .07). Discussion: Men presenting with low-energy femur fractures are at an increased mortality risk compared to women. On average, men present with an overall worse health status as identified by ACCI, which could predispose these patients not only to fractures themselves but also impair their ability to recover from injury. Conclusion: Men are at an increased 1-year mortality risk after sustaining proximal femur fractures.
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De Faria, Paula Cristina, Maria Fernanda Lima Villaça-Carvalho, Sérgio Lúcio Pereira de Castro Lopes, Mari Eli Leonelli De Moraes e Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães Júnior. "Radiographic signs of bone mineral density in panoramic radiographs from pre and postmenopausal patients." Brazilian Dental Science 20, n.º 1 (21 de março de 2017): 56. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/bds.2017.v20i1.1276.

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<p><strong>Objective:</strong> The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of panoramic radiographs (PR) and their radiomorphometric indices as an auxiliary method for the diagnosis of osteoporosis. <strong>Material and</strong> <strong>Methods:</strong> Twenty five women were selected, who had been prescribed PR for different purposes. The PR were analysed according to the MCI, which evaluates the mandibular cortex below the mental foramen, and then divided into two groups: normal and bone mineral loss. Bone densitometry scans were obtained (DXA) from the lumbar spine and neck of the femur/whole femur, which were used as the gold standard for comparison against the MCI. Kappa test (p&lt;0.05) was used to determine the association between the MCI and bone densitometry readings. <strong>Results:</strong> Regarding the DXA, 7 patients were normal at the lumbar spine or femur, 24 subjects showed osteopenia at the lumbar spine or femur and 9 subjects had osteoporosis at the lumbar spine or femur. Regarding the association between DXA and MCI, 18 subjects showed some degree of bone loss at the spine detected by both DXA and the Klemetti index. <strong>Conclusions:</strong> PR may be useful to assess the risk of such diseases being present.</p>
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Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Femur Diseases"

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Trevor, Peter Benjamin. "Evaluation of biocompatible osteoconductive polymer (BOP) as an osteconductive implant". Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020130/.

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Kuliwaba, Julia Suzanne. "Gene expression, bone remodelling, and microdamage in the human proximal femur: a molecular histomorphometric analysis of osteoarthritic bone". Title page, contents and summary only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk956.pdf.

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Gumieiro, David Nicoletti [UNESP]. "Associação da vitamina D e da força de preensão manual com úlceras de pressão e mortalidade em pacientes com fratura de fêmur proximal". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/102627.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
A frequência das fraturas do fêmur proximal tem aumentado nas últimas décadas e existe uma expectativa de que continue aumentando devido ao envelhecimento da população. Elas estão relacionadas à importante diminuição da independência, aumento da morbidade e mortalidade. As úlceras de pressão (UPs) são complicações pós-operatórias frequentes e os pacientes com fratura do fêmur proximal estão especialmente predispostos a elas. O teste da força de preensão manual (FPM) tem sido utilizado para detecção de pacientes com desnutrição energético-protéica e avaliação da força muscular, no entanto é pouco estudado em relação ao desenvolvimento de UPs. Além das alterações relacionadas aos macronutrientes, a deficiência de micronutrientes, como a vitamina D, também é pouco estudada em relação ao desenvolvimento de UPs e à mortalidade em pacientes com fratura do fêmur proximal. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se a concentração sérica de vitamina D e a força de preensão manual estão associadas ao aparecimento de úlceras de pressão e à mortalidade em pacientes com fratura do fêmur proximal 6 meses após a mesma. Foram avaliados prospectivamente pacientes consecutivos com fratura do fêmur proximal, com idade 65 anos, internados na enfermaria de Ortopedia e Traumatologia do Hospital das Clínicas da Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu – UNESP, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 2010. Nas primeiras 72 horas da admissão hospitalar, foram registrados dados demográficos, dados cirúrgicos referentes às fraturas, realizado questionário de frequência alimentar, avaliação antropométrica e o teste de FPM. Além disso, foi coletado sangue para dosagem de exames laboratoriais e dosagem sérica de vitamina D. No pósoperatório, foram avaliadas a presença ou não de UPs e a taxa de mortalidade em até 180 dias...
The prevalence of hip fractures is rising in the last decades and is expected to keep rising due to the aging of population. This type of fracture is related to a significant loss of independence, high morbidity and mortality. Pressure Ulcers (PU) are an important complication in this kind of patient. The handgrip strength (HGS) has been used to detect patients with malnutrition and to assess the muscle strength, but it’s relation with PU was not evaluated. In addition, the association of micronutrients such as vitamin D with PU development and mortality in patients with hip fractures was not yet studied. The aim of this study is to assess the role of serum levels of vitamin D and the hand grip strength as predictors of PU development and mortality in patients with hip fractures 6 months after the fracture. From January to December 2010, all consecutive patients older than 65 years with hip fractures, who were admitted to the orthopedic unit of the Botucatu Medical School Hospital, were prospectively evaluated. On admission, patient characteristics including age, gender, and concomitant diseases were recorded. Anthropometric measurements and food frequency questionnaire were performed, handgrip strength was measured, and blood samples were taken for analysis of serum biochemistry profile and serum vitamin D levels within the first 72 h of the patient’s admission after clinical stabilization. The PU development and mortality were evaluated during 180 days after fracture. One hundred patients with mean age of 80.7 ± 7.2 years old were studied. Seventy three percent were women and 61% presented PU 6 months after the fracture. Four patients died before surgery. After 6 months, there were 24% of deaths. The median of vitamin D intake corrected by energy was 2,39 (1,79 – 3,47) μg. The needs for ICU care, higher time from admission to surgery... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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譚健斌. "股骨頭缺血性懷死的中醫藥治療文獻研究". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2006. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/755.

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Bresne, Carolina [UNESP]. "Suplementação da vitamina d3 (colecalciferol) e 25-ohd3 (25-hidroxi-colecalciferol) e problemas locomotores e qualidade óssea em frangos de corte". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/95348.

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Com o objetivo de avaliar a pododermatite e o desempenho em frangos de corte, foram alojados em aviário experimental da FMVZ-UNESP/Botucatu 750 frangos de corte machos da linhagem Cobb®, com densidade populacional de 12 aves/m2, por 42 dias. O delineamento experimental adotado foi inteiramente casualizado com cinco tratamentos e cinco repetições de 30 aves cada, totalizando 25 parcelas experimentais. Os tratamentos foram constituídos por duas fontes de suplementação de vitamina D (D3 e 25-OHD3). O tratamento 1, controle, seguiu as recomendações de Rostagno et al. (2011) para a vitamina D3, de acordo com cada fase de criação para frangos de corte. O tratamento 2 foi constituído de vitamina D3 (mesma dosagem do tratamento controle) + 1.400 UI de 25-OHD3; o tratamento 3 foi constituído de vitamina D3 (mesma dosagem do tratamento controle) + 2.800 UI de 25-OHD3; o tratamento 4 e o tratamento 5 foram constituídos apenas de vitamina D3 e, seus valores foram baseados na soma das doses em UI das duas fontes de vitamina D do tratamento 2 e do tratamento 3, respectivamente. Para o desempenho das aves foi calculado o consumo de ração, ganho de peso e conversão alimentar durante todo o período de criação, ao final foi calculada a viabilidade e o índice de eficiência produtiva. Aos 42 dias, 100 aves de cada tratamento foram avaliadas, no aviário, para pododermatite. Posteriormente as aves foram abatidas e realizadas análises histopatológicas do coxim plantar. Houve diferença pelo Teste de Quiquadrado (p<0,05) para a avaliação da incidência de pododermatite apenas para a perna esquerda. Os tratamentos não influenciaram o desempenho das aves e não foi observada diferença histopatológica entre lesões iniciais e severas, exceto em sua extensão. Conclui-se que as suplementações de...
Seven hundred and fifty Cobb® male broiler chickens were kept in a population density of 12 birds / m2 in the experimental aviary of FMVZ-UNESP/Botucatu during 42 days to evaluate the lesions of pododermatitis and performance. The experiment was carried out in a completely randomized design with five treatments and five repetitions of 30 birds each, totalizing 25 experimental parcels. Treatments were consisted of two sources of vitamin D (D3 and 25-OHD3). The first treatment (T1- control) followed the recommendations of Rostagno et al. (2011) for vitamin D3 according to each life stage of broiler chickens. Treatment 2 was the combination of vitamin D3 (the same level of control treatment) and 1,400 UI of 25-OHD3; treatment 3 was consisted of vitamin D3 (the same level of control treatment) and 2,800 UI of 25-OHD3; treatment 4 and 5 were consisted of only vitamin D3 and the levels were based on the sum of levels from the two sources of vitamin D3 of treatment 2 and 3, respectively. Feed intake, weight gain and feed:gain rate were calculated to evaluate the performance of broilers throughout the breeding period, viability and production efficiency index were also evaluated at the end. Pododermatitis and histological analyses of footpad were evaluated from one hundred broilers at 42 days of age. Through the Chi-Square Test (P<0.05) it could be seen a difference for pododermatitis incidence only for the left leg. Treatments did not affect the broiler performance and it was not observed histopathological differences between initial and severe lesions, except in its extension. In conclusion the supplementation of vitamin D3... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
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Permeswaran, Palani Taver. "Validation of computational methods for fracture assessment of metastatic disease to the proximal femur". Thesis, University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6247.

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Stage IV cancer is characterized by a cancer’s ability to metastasize, or spread throughout the body. Metastatic disease in bone is a devastating condition affecting hundreds of thousands of people each year. Stage IV cancer patients suffering from metastatic disease in the proximal femur are at high risk of catastrophic pathologic fracture, an event which severely impacts patient health. Although metrics have been created to assess the risk of impending fracture, they lack specificity in the proximal femoral region. Shortcomings of these metrics further complicate clinical decision making related to prophylactic fixation in these medically compromised individuals. Fortunately, by using computational modeling to study this at-risk patient population, the likelihood of fracture due to metastatic lesions in the proximal femur can be more accurately assessed to improve clinical decision making. Finite element analysis (FEA) is a computational modeling technique that can non-invasively provide mechanics information to better assess true fracture risk of a given metastatic lesion. Although FEA has previously been utilized to study metastatic disease, lesions were always modeled as spheres or ellipsoids, while true lesion shapes are far more amorphous. It was the focus of this study to validate FEA’s ability to predict fracture location in cadaveric femora with realistically shaped experimental metastatic lesions. Off-set torsion, or load applied off-set from the fixed long bone axis, was applied to cadaveric specimens with mechanically induced metastatic lesions, and the resultant fracture location was compared to specimen-specific FEA models replicating the mechanical test. FEA was able to correctly predict fracture locations in five models. Determining fracture risk based on objective mechanical data may more accurate and effective in this patient population.
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Young, Janet. "Using the Osteoarthritic Femur to Identify Impairment Potential in Archaeological Populations". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/23644.

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Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of disability in North American and has major economic consequences for society. People with knee OA experience the worst quality of life, among musculoskeletal conditions, with function and mobility being influenced by symptoms such as pain and stiffness. However, the impact of OA symptoms varies due to intrinsic and extrinsic factors, leading many researchers to employ biopsychosocial and other population health frameworks to study the disease. These population health approaches have not been adopted when studying knee OA outcomes in bioarchaeology, where a limited biological lens prevails due to the sole reliance on skeletal remains. The purpose of this research was to explore methods for identifying the impairment potential of knee OA in archaeological populations using a clinical sample and population health approaches. Clinical studies have the advantage of assessing not only the biological implications of knee OA but also the functional outcomes. By creating a knee OA grading system applicable for both MRI and dry bone femora samples (Clinical Archaeological Osteoarthritis Score) a link between clinical and archaeological populations was proposed. Using this link to infer functional deficits onto archaeological populations using population health frameworks, a theoretical analysis was performed with two populations; the 17th century Huron and the 19th century Inuit from the Igloolik region of Nunavut. The results demonstrated the increased impairment potential of knee OA in the Inuit population versus the Huron population, produced by contrasting factors captured by the determinants of health, including social and physical environments.
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Hagberg, Kerstin. "Transfemoral amputation, quality of life and prosthetic function : studies focusing on individuals with amputation due to reasons other than peripheral vascular disease, with socket and osseointegrated prostheses /". Göteborg : Dept. of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, The Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2077/726.

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Machado, Adriana Braga de Castro [UNESP]. "Acompanhamento do primeiro ano de evolução de idosos com fratura proximal de fêmur: aspectos epidemiológicos, cronologia da incidência de tromboembolismo venoso, evolução funcional e sobrevivência". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/106068.

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Grangeiro, Patricia Moreno. "Estudo do suprimento arterial da epífise femoral proximal na doença de Legg-Calvé-Perthes pela angioressonância magnética". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5140/tde-09042018-101448/.

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INTRODUÇÃO: A doença de Legg-Calvé-Perthes (DLCP) é caracterizada pela necrose idiopática da epífise femoral proximal na criança. A interrupção do suprimento arterial para a cabeça femoral é o fator etiopatogênico mais aceito. Embora as angiografias sejam a base para as investigações das causas vasculares, elas não avançaram na DLCP devido a limitações éticas, por serem procedimentos invasivos com exposição à radiação ionizante e pela potencial toxicidade do contraste iodado. O objetivo primário foi avaliar a rede arterial da epífise proximal do fêmur em crianças com DLCP unilateral, particularmente a artéria circunflexa femoral medial (ACFM) que nutre a referida epífise, comparando o quadril afetado com o quadril contralateral não afetado. A técnica usada foi a angiografia por ressonância magnética (angioRM) que permite o estudo vascular sem as limitações e os riscos inerentes à angiografia convencional. A sequência angiográfica usada foi TRICKS (Time Resolved Imaging of Contrast KinecticS) que utiliza técnica de aquisição de imagens com foco na resolução temporal do contraste (identificação da passagem do contraste pelos vasos ao longo do tempo). MÉTODOS: Os dados foram obtidos a partir de uma amostra consecutiva composta por 24 pacientes com DLCP unilateral admitidos no ambulatório de ortopedia pediátrica de um hospital terciário de maio de 2013 a dezembro de 2016. Os exames de angioRM-TRICKS foram avaliados por dois radiologistas e o consenso foi usado para a análise. RESULTADOS: Foram realizados 24 exames. A idade média foi de 7,9 +/- 2,1 anos. O trajeto da ACFM foi analisado no plano coronal dos exames de angioRM-TRICKS. No segmento 1 (da origem até a borda medial do colo femoral), havia 100% de visibilidade no lado da DLCP, bem como no lado contralateral. No segmento 2 (da borda medial do colo femoral até a borda lateral do colo femoral), houve 63% de visibilidade no lado DLCP e 71% de visibilidade no lado contralateral. No segmento 3 (ponto de entrada no sulco intertrocantérico), houve 25% de visibilidade no lado com DLCP e 17% de visibilidade no lado contralateral. O segmento 4 (ramo terminal e ascendente na face lateral do colo do fêmur) foi 100% não visibilizada no quadril com DLCP nem no lado sem a doença. CONCLUSÕES: A angioRM-TRICKS fornece imagens bem definidas do suprimento arterial para a epífise femoral proximal em crianças com a DLCP. Não foram encontradas diferenças significativas nos trajetos analisados da ACFM entre o lado acometido e o lado sem a DLCP. Com os exames de angioRM-TRICKS não foi possível visibilizar o trecho ascendente epifisário lateral, ramo terminal da ACFM, tanto nos quadris afetados quanto nos quadris sem a DLCP
INTRODUCTION: Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (LCPD) is characterized by idiopathic necrosis of the proximal femoral epiphysis in the child. Interruption of the arterial supply to the femoral head is the most accepted etiopathogenic factor. Although angiograms are the basis for investigations of vascular causes, they have not progressed in LCPD due to ethical limitations, because they are invasive procedures with exposure to ionizing radiation and the potential toxicity of iodinated contrast. The primary objective was to evaluate the arterial network of the proximal femoral epiphysis in children with unilateral LCPD, particularly the medial femoral circumflex artery (MCFA) that supplies the epiphysis, comparing the affected hip with the unaffected contralateral hip. The technique used was magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) that allows vascular study without the limitations and risks inherent in conventional angiography. The angiographic sequence used was TRICKS (Time Resolved Imaging of Contrast KinecticS), which uses an image acquisition technique focused on temporal resolution of contrast (identification of the passage of contrast by vessels over time). METHODS: Data were obtained from a consecutive sample composed of 24 patients with unilateral LCPD who were admitted to the pediatric orthopedic outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital from May 2013 to December 2016. Two radiologists evaluated the MRA-TRICKS exams and the consensus was used for the analysis. RESULTS: Twenty-four examinations were performed. The mean age was 7.9 +/- 2.1 years. The MCFA trajectory was analyzed in the coronal plane of the MRA-TRICKS exams. In segment 1 (from the origin to the medial border of the femoral neck), there was 100% visibility on the LCPD side, as well as on the contralateral side. In segment 2 (from the medial border of the femoral neck to the lateral border of the femoral neck), there was 63% visibility on the LCPD side and 71% visibility on the contralateral side. In segment 3 (entry point in the intertrochanteric groove), there was 25% visibility on the LCPD side and 17% visibility on the contralateral side. Segment 4 (terminal and ascending limb on the lateral aspect of the femoral neck) was 100% not seen in the hip with LCPD or on the side without the disease. CONCLUSIONS: MRA-TRICKS provides well-defined images of the arterial supply to the proximal femoral epiphysis in children with LCPD. No significant differences were found in the analyzed ACFM pathways between the affected side and the non- LCPD side. With the MRA-TRICKS exams, it was not possible to visualize the ascending lateral epiphyseal segment, terminal branch of the MCFA, both in the affected hips and in the hips without the LCPD
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Livros sobre o assunto "Femur Diseases"

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Ruff, Christopher. Aging and osteoporosis in native Americans from Pecos Pueblo, New Mexico: Behavioral and biomechanical effects. New York: Garland, 1991.

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Ruff, Christopher. Aging and osteoporosis in native Americans from Pecos Pueblos, New Mexico: Behavioral and biomechanical effects. New York: Garland, 1991.

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The Patella. Springer My Copy UK, 1995.

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Scuderi, Giles R., J. N. Insall e L. V. Kibiuk. The Patella. Springer, 2012.

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R, Scuderi Giles, ed. The Patella. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1995.

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Sell, Alex, Paul Bhalla e Sanjay Bajaj. Anaesthesia for orthopaedic and trauma surgery. Editado por Philip M. Hopkins. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199642045.003.0063.

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This chapter is divided into three main sections. The first section concerns the patient population that presents for orthopaedic surgery, specifically examining chronic diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the medications commonly used for their management, and the impact this has when these patients present for surgery. Included in this section are the surgical considerations and the anaesthetic implications of orthopaedic surgery, ranging from patient positioning to bone cement implant syndrome. The last part of this first section looks at specific orthopaedic operations, starting with the most commonly performed, hip and knee arthroplasties, and moving onto the specialist areas of spinal deformity, paediatric, and bone tumour surgery that are not usually found outside of specialist centres. The middle section gives a brief overview on analgesia concentrating on pharmacological methods as, although orthopaedic surgery lends itself well to regional anaesthesia, this is covered elsewhere in its own dedicated chapters. No section on analgesia would be complete without mentioning enhanced recovery: the coordinated, multidisciplinary approach that improves the patient experience, increases early mobilization, and reduces length of stay, which should be the standard obtained for every patient. The final section covers the anaesthetic management of in-hospital trauma, giving an overview on initial assessment, timing of surgery, and management of haemorrhage and coagulopathy. This section finishes by covering the orthopaedic-specific topics of compartment syndrome, fat embolism syndrome, and the management of fractured neck of femur and spinal injury.
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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Femur Diseases"

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Price, Shawn L. "Metastatic Bone Disease: Femur". In Metastatic Bone Disease, 279–88. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5662-9_24.

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Gooding, Christopher Rees, e Aresh Hashemi-Nejad. "Osteotomy of the Femur for Young Adult Hip Disease". In The Young Adult Hip in Sport, 241–48. London: Springer London, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-5412-9_21.

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Bartels, Iris, Frank Beier, Peter L. M. Jansen, Peter L. M. Jansen, Peter L. M. Jansen, Alexander K. C. Leung, Andrew L. Wong et al. "Juvenile/Idiopathic Avascular Necrosis of the Head of the Femur". In Encyclopedia of Molecular Mechanisms of Disease, 1106–7. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-29676-8_6045.

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Joyce, M. J., J. T. Makley e J. Sauer. "Pitfalls in the Management of Metastatic Disease of the Femur". In Limb Salvage, 701–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75879-9_97.

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Marsden, F. W., D. G. Hale, J. A. Sullivan e M. P. M. Findlay. "Treatment of Metastatic Disease Involving the Proximal Femur and Hip Joint". In Limb Salvage, 689–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-75879-9_95.

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Gitelis, Steven, Mitchell B. Sheinkop, Kim Hammerberg e Michael Gitelis. "Pathological Fractures of the Upper End of the Femur Secondary to Metastatic Disease". In Surgery of the Hip Joint, 339–50. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8628-5_9.

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Khong, Kok-Sun, Edmund Y. S. Chao e Franklin H. Sim. "Long-Term Performance of Custom Prosthetic Replacement for Neoplastic Disease of the Proximal Femur". In New Developments for Limb Salvage in Musculoskeletal Tumors, 403–11. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-68072-7_59.

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Seeman, Ego. "Genetic and Environmental Determinants of Variance in Bone Size, Mass, and Volumetric Density of the Proximal Femur". In The Genetics of Osteoporosis and Metabolic Bone Disease, 1–27. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-59259-033-9_1.

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Richards, B. Stephens, Alexander Cherkashin e Mikhail Samchukov. "Varus Deformity of the Distal Femur and LLD Secondary to Ollier’s Disease Corrected by Gradual Deformity Correction and Lengthening". In Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery Case Atlas, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02767-8_84-1.

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Richards, B. Stephens, Alexander Cherkashin e Mikhail Samchukov. "Case 88: Varus Deformity of the Distal Femur and LLD Secondary to Ollier’s Disease Corrected by Gradual Deformity Correction and Lengthening". In Limb Lengthening and Reconstruction Surgery Case Atlas, 627–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18023-6_84.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Femur Diseases"

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Ardatov, Oleg, Vladimir Barsukov e Dmitriy Karev. "Stress analysis of osteoporotic femur". In Biomdlore. VGTU Technika, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/biomdlore.2016.10.

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Osteoporosis and degenerative diseases cause low bone mass that increases fracture risks. This study presents the modelling of osteoporotic femur by employing finite element method (FEM). The loading of femur using FEM tools was performed. The level of degradation was modelled by changing the thickness of cortical shell and using power-law equations, which determine the dependence between apparent density of cancellous bone and its mechanical properties. Obtained results could be useful for both medical diagnosis and bone health check.
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Malavolta, N., P. Mastrapasqua, L. Lisi, M. Frigato, MG Prandin e S. Gnudi. "SAT0090 Correlation between proximal femur bone mineral density and hip osteoarthritis: preliminary data". In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.465.

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Yutzy, Joseph D., e Erik R. Bardy. "Average Periosteal Stress of the Proximal Femur Before and After Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty". In ASME 2009 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2009-203800.

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Cementless Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) is a standard surgical technique for the treatment of several types of joint diseases and damages including, but not limited to, osteoarthritis and femoral neck fracture [1]. An estimated one half to one million total hip replacements are performed each year [2]. Two drawbacks to THA are (1): micromotions as a result of improper implant fit in the bone cavity [1], and (2): stress shielding due to unnatural stress concentrations near the implant [3]. The latter causes bone resorption in other areas found in the bone-implant interface [1]. Therefore, the geometry and size of the implant is a major factor in determining cortical stress distributions and stress shielding [4].
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Saito, J., H. Ohnishi, H. Tsurukami, S. Akahoshi, S. Okabe, N. Okimoto e T. Nakamura. "SAT0061 The appearance time of periprosthetic bone formations around a cementless titanium stem in total hip arthroplasty is dependent on intramedullary canal fill and shape of proximal femur". In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, Annals of the rheumatic diseases ARD July 2001. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2001.436.

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Zhao, Daguan, Christoph Hart, Nathan A. Weese, Chantz M. Rankin, James Kuzma, James B. Day e Roozbeh (Ross) Salary. "Experimental and Computational Analysis of the Mechanical Properties of Biocompatible Bone Scaffolds, Fabricated Using Fused Deposition Modeling Additive Manufacturing Process". In ASME 2020 15th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2020-8511.

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Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM), a material extrusion additive manufacturing process, has emerged as a method of choice for the fabrication of polymeric tissue engineering scaffolds. The FDM process is intrinsically complex, consisting of a multitude of parameters; in addition, there are material-machine-process interactions, which inevitably influence the mechanical properties, the surface morphology, and ultimately the functional integrity of fabricated bone structures. Consequently, physics-based process characterization and optimization in the FDM process is a burgeoning need. The overarching goal of this research work is to fabricate patient-specific, biocompatible, and biodegradable bone scaffolds for the treatment of osseous defects, fractures, and diseases. In pursuit of this goal, the objectives are to: (i) investigate the influence of consequential parameters of FDM on the functional properties of fabricated femur bone structures; and (ii) investigate the underlying physical phenomena behind the experimental observations using a computational finite-element model. In this study, biocompatible femur bone structures were FDM-deposited, based on a medical-grade polymer composite, composed of polyamide, polyolefin, and cellulose fibers. A new test specimen was designed, based on an X-ray micro-CT scan of a femur bone as well as the ASTM D638-14 (Type II) standard. In addition, the experimental characterization was on the basis of a cascade approach, composed of the following experimental deigns: (i) fractional-factorial design, utilized for factor screening and identification of consequential process parameters; (ii) Taguchi design, utilized for process optimization. Besides, a computational finite-element model was forwarded to investigate the underlying physical phenomena behind the experimental observations.
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Hage, Ilige S., e Ramsey F. Hamade. "Structural Micro Processing of Haversian Systems of a Cortical Bovine Femur Using Optical Stereomicroscope and MATLAB". In ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87423.

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Processing of optical images of bone has been a topic of considerable interest in the past and continues to be so. Image processing can be used in medicine in order to improve the image visualization to detect diseases, and to compute properties such as area for abnormal cells. Several studies of bone images have been conducted using several methods including segmentation and image enhancement. The aim of this paper is to generate a standalone automated code for segmenting colored optical microscope images in order to show the microstructure of a cortical bone as a multi-phase (here 4 phases) composite: Lamella (matrix), Haversian canals, osteoblast lamella boundaries (freshly generated lamella lining), and lacunae (containing living cells). For this purpose, we investigate the use of MATLAB, which contains image-processing toolboxes with many analytical capabilities that have been advertised to be useful for many applications including biological systems. In this work, such capabilities are utilized in image processing of the microstructure of bovine cortical bone, which is generally accepted as proxy for human bone. Two specimens of the cortical regions of a bovine femur bones were imaged using Olympus optical microscope. One of the specimens was treated with the Masson’s trichrome staining treatment and the other with the Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) treatment. The images from the microscope were captured using a DP12 camera. Furthermore, MATLAB results are contrasted against Stream®, a commercially available software package procured along with the Olympus optical microscope. Via color-coding to facilitate the bone microstructure identification, the image analysis results were compared after computing the areas of each of the 4 constituent microstructural phases. Areas of each phase were calculated and comparisons made between the results obtained from the Stream® software and those obtained from MATLAB. The relative error was found to be quite small (<1%), which proves that MATLAB may be an effective software for medical image processing and may be the tool of choice for standalone applications.
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Vairis, Achilles, Markos Petousis, George Stefanoudakis, Nectarios Vidakis, Betina Kandyla e Andreas-Marios Tsainis. "Studying the Intact, ACL-Deficient and Reconstructed Human Knee Joint Using a Finite Element Model". In ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63795.

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The human knee joint has a three dimensional geometry with multiple body articulations that produce complex mechanical responses under loads that occur in everyday life and sports activities. Knowledge of the complex mechanical interactions of these load bearing structures is of help when the treatment of relevant diseases is evaluated and assisting devices are designed. The anterior cruciate ligament in the knee connects the femur to the tibia and is often torn during a sudden twisting motion, resulting in knee instability. The objective of this work is to study the mechanical behavior of the human knee joint in typical everyday activities and evaluate the differences in its response for three different states, intact, injured and reconstructed knee. Three equivalent finite element models were developed. For the reconstructed model a novel repair device developed and patented by the authors was employed. For the verification of the developed models, static load cases presented in a previous modeling work were used. Mechanical stresses calculated for the load cases studied, were very close to results presented in previous experimentally verified work, in both load distribution and maximum calculated load values.
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"An Informative Machine-Learning Tool for Diagnosis of Osteoporosis using Routine Femoral Neck Radiographs". In InSITE 2019: Informing Science + IT Education Conferences: Jerusalem. Informing Science Institute, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.28945/4350.

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Aim/Purpose: The aim of the study was to analyze the structure of the bone tissue by using texture analysis of the bone trabeculae, as visualized in a routine radiograph of the proximal femur . This could provide objective information regarding both the mineral content and the spatial structure of bone tissue. Therefore, machine-learning tools were applied to explore the use of texture analysis for obtaining information on the bone strength. Background: One in three women in the world develops osteoporosis, which weakens the bones, causes atraumatic fractures and lowers the quality of life. The damage to the bones can be minimized by early diagnosis of the disease and preventive treatment, including appropriate nutrition, bone-building exercise and medications. Osteoporosis is currently diagnosed primarily by DEXA (Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry), which measures the bone mineral density alone. However, bone strength is determined not only by its mineral density but also by the spatial structure of bone trabeculae. In order to obtain valuable information regarding the bone strength, the mineral content and the spatial structure of the bone tissue should be objectively assessed. Methodology: The study includes 17 radiographs of in-vitro femurs without soft tissue and 44 routine proximal femur radiographs (15 subjects with osteoporotic fractures and 29 without a fracture). The critical force required to fracture the in-vitro femurs was measured and the bones were divided into two groups: 11 solid bones with critical fracture force higher than 4.9kN and 6 fragile bones with critical fracture force lower than 4.9kN. All the radiographs included an aluminum step-wedge for calibrating the gray-levels values (See Figure 3). An algorithm was developed to automatically adjust the gray levels in order to yield equal brightness and contrast. Findings: The algorithm characterized the in-vitro bones with as fragile or solid with an accuracy of 88%. For the radiographs of the patients, the algorithm characterized the bones as osteoporotic or non-osteoporotic with an accuracy of 86%. The most prominent features for estimating the bone strength were the mean gray-level, which is related to bone density, and the smoothness, uniformity and entropy, which are related to the spatial distribution of the bone trabeculae. Impact on Society: Analysis of bone tissue structure, using machine-learning tools will provide a significant information on the bone strength, for the early diagnosis of osteoporosis. The structure analysis can be performed on routine radiographs of the proximal femur, with high accuracy. Future Research: The algorithm for automatic structure analysis of bone tissue as visualized on a routine femoral radiograph should be further trained on a larger dataset of routine radiographs in order to improve the accuracy of assessing the bone strength.
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Vyas, Mitul Y., Sanjeev Sabharwal e Noshir A. Langrana. "Alterations in Stresses due to Various Femoral Deformities Across the Hip Joint: FEA Analysis". In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192469.

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The manifestation of osteoarthrosis by an abnormality such as hip dysplasia, slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), coxa vara and Legg-Calve-Perthes disease is one of the leading causes of chronic orthopaedic disability, resulting in billions of dollars in treatment and indirect costs, such as lost wages for the patient [1]. Additionally, these conditions are severely painful, inducing a reduction in range of motion, abnormal gait and consequently, poor quality of life. In patients with SCFE, the proximal femur collapses as a result of epiphyseal displacement, resulting in femoroacetabular impingement and acetabular erosion [1, 2]. Patients with developmental coxa vara (DCV), a pediatric hip disorder, exhibit triplanar deformity of the proximal femur. The abnormal neck–shaft angle and associated change in the articulo-trochanteric distance (ATD) alter the biomechanics of the hip adversely, and is often accompanied by limb length discrepancies [3].
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Kralovic, Barbara J., Fred A. Wentorf e Dan L. Levine. "Using a Finite Element Model to Help Develop a Method to Test Knee Femoral Components". In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-191150.

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In total knee arthroplasty (TKA), the knee femoral component replaces the bone surfaces and cartilage on the distal femur (thigh bone) that have been damaged due to injury or disease. While success rates are high with TKA, some fractures of the femoral component have occurred clinically (Fig. 1 and 2) [1]. Understanding the nature of these fractures is critical since the industry is moving towards bone conserving designs, minimally invasive approaches, new materials and new technologies for TKA. At the same time patient requirements are changing as patients are heavier, younger, and more active.
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