Bibliografias temáticas / Femmes au combat

Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Femmes au combat"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 26 de julho de 2024

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Femmes au combat"

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Kabuya, Ramcy. "Laëtita Guédonfemme de combat, combat de femmes". Africultures 103-104, n.º 3 (2015): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/afcul.103.0142.

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Bihr, Alain, e Roland Pfefferkorn. "L'égalité hommes-femmes : un combat indispensable". Raison présente 148, n.º 1 (2003): 93–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/raipr.2003.3838.

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Kimani, Mary. "Droits fonciers: le combat des femmes". Afrique Renouveau 22, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2008): 10–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/419001f6-fr.

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André, Mimose. "L’université, lieu de combat des femmes". Cahiers critiques de philosophie 25, n.º 2 (30 de junho de 2022): 155–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/ccp.025.0155.

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Fleshman, Michael. "Libéria: Le combat des femmes se poursuit". Afrique Renouveau 24, n.º 1 (30 de abril de 2010): 8–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18356/fa335210-fr.

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Lalonde, Patricia. "Le combat toujours recommenc� des femmes afghanes". Apr�s-demain N�11,NF, n.º 3 (2009): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/apdem.011.0050.

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Gros, Dominique. "Cancérologie citoyenne, un nouveau combat des femmes". Oncomagazine 5, n.º 4 (novembro de 2011): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11944-011-0036-4.

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DOFNY, Jacques. "Lutte de sexes et lutte de classes". Sociologie et sociétés 6, n.º 1 (30 de setembro de 2002): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/001192ar.

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Résumé La "question féminine", comme la "question nationale" ou la "question régionale" n'a jamais trouvé de réponse satisfaisante. Le mouvement pour la libération des femmes est-il un mouvement autonome qui passe à travers toutes les classes, ou est-il un combat lié à celui de la classe ouvrière et/ou de la classe moyenne? Ou surgit-il de nouvelles positions stratégiques occupées à la suite de transformations conjoncturelles et structurelles? Analysant les salaires comparés des hommes et des femmes, les causes des différences de salaire, la position dans les syndicats et des syndicats à l'égard des femmes salariées, l'article conclut en distinguant les différents combats que les femmes mènent et les situent par rapport à la lutte des classes.
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Daniel-Genc, Stéphanie. "Femmes au combat : cessent-elles d’être une catégorie vulnérable ?" Cahiers du Genre 58, n.º 1 (2015): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/cdge.058.0093.

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Arkwright, Judith. "Grande-Bretagne : Lutte des mineurs et combat des femmes". Cahiers du féminisme 31, n.º 1 (1985): 28–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/cafem.1985.3469.

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Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Femmes au combat"

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Pouzol, Ershaidat Valérie. "La nation contestée : luttes féministes, combat pour la paix des femmes palestiniennes et israéliennes (1948-1998)". Paris, EHESS, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EHES0064.

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Andreu, Anne-Sophie. "L'oeuvre poétique de Pierre Emmanuel : l'enfantement de soi". Paris 10, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA100176.

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La poésie de Pierre Emmanuel s'enracine dans la constatation fondamentale de notre inachèvement originel et développe un projet essentiel : l'enfantement de soi. Fœtal par essence, l'homme en Adam et Eve a été arraché avant terme du Jardin. Cette "avorteuse naissance" l'installe dans la matrice du monde, matière-mère où il doit s'achever mais dont il devra se délivrer pour naître enfin en retrouvant l'origine. Trois désirs opposés déchirent alors l'humanité dans les mythes, le poète dans sa vie qui les répète et son œuvre qui les redit pour nous : désir de naître vraiment en Dieu comme le Christ, désir coupable du néant, désir sacrilège de la rébellion. Ainsi aux injonctions des prophètes Abraham, Moïse, Elie, aux luttes de Jacob, s'opposent l'endormissement d'Esaü dans la matière, la volonté blasphématoire de Caïn qui veut naître de lui seul, le rêve pervers d'Orphée qui s'enferme dans sa parole. Au désir juste de naître de la femme, Eve, Eurydice, Una, de l'amour, voie véritable de l'achèvement, du dialogue érotique, participation à l'union des principes, s'oppose la sacralisation du désir qui dénature la femme en idole, l'amour en passion, l'érotique en pornographique. Pourtant ces tentations, ces combats éprouvés au plus profond de l'être le façonnent et lui découvrent enfin Sophia, le féminin essentiel, sagesse, église, âme, poésie qui le formait en elle. Achevé, il naît vraiment dans le dernier passage - accouchement de la mort qui le remet à dieu. Pour le poète, cet enfantement s'accomplit dans les expériences vitales des œuvres qui liant mythes sacres et existence
Pierre Emmanuel's poetry is rooted in the fundamental statement of our basic incompleteness and develops a central theme = giving birth to oneself. Foetal in essence, man, through Adam and eve, has been displaced from the Garden of Eden. This abortive birth placed him in the womb of the world a living matter, where he must accomplish himself knowing that he will have abandoned it in order to be born in god. Myths relate that mankind is constantly divided between three contradictory tendances: the divine appeal to real birth which Christ alone has truly accomplished, the guilty desire to sink into unconsciousness, the total rebellion against god. In his own life and work, the poet repeats these contradictions. Thus, the commands of the prophets Abraham, Moses and Eliah, or Jacob’s fight with the angel, oppose to Esau’s torpor, Cain’s blasphemous will to create himself alone and Orpheus’s perverted dream to retreat into his own truth. Again, the sane human desire to be born from the beloved, eve, Eurydice or Una, from love or from sexual gratification, conflicts with the other face of desire which distorts woman into an idol, love into passion, the erotic into pornography. These temptations and spiritual conflicts will gradually mould men and finally reveal Sophia the feminine part of god, ecclesia, the soul, poetry. Fulfilled, man is truly born in the last combat with death that takes him back to god
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Klein, Bruno. "Marie Pape-Carpantier : le combat d'une femme pédagogue pour l'éducation de la petite enfance". Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUEL552.

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Nommée directrice de la première salle d'asile de La Flèche (72) en 1834, Marie Pape-Carpantier (1815-1878) a, pendant quarante années, consacré son engagement à l'éducation de la petite enfance. Pour mener à bien son combat, elle quitte sa province natale pour participer à la fondation de la première Ecole normale maternelle à Paris en 1847. Devenu le Cours pratique, cet espace sera propice à l'innovation et à la formation de la méthode naturelle et de son fer de lance : la leçon de choses. Celle-ci, théâtralisée, se veut porteuse de connaissances et de morales. Mais, Marie Pape-Carpantier, connue pour ses cours et conférences, est aussi celle qui exprime une pensée philosophico-théologique. Selon elle, disposant de moyens adaptés et suivant les lois de la nature conçues par le Créateur, l'éducation est une relation rationnelle, initiée par la mère, au profit de la morale, de la raison et de la conscience de son enfant
As she was nominated supervisor of the first "salle d'asile" in La Flèche (72) in 1834, Marie Pape-Carpantier (1815-1878) has devoted her engagement to the education of the early childhood for forty years. To bring her action to a successful conclusion, she leaves her native province to take part in the foundation of the first "Ecole normale maternelle" in Paris in 1847. As it was named the "Cours pratique", this space became propitious to the innovation and the formation of the natural method and its spearhead : the objects lesson. By dramatizing it, Marie Pape-Carpantier thinks it will carry knowledge and morals. But, Marie Pape-Carpantier, known for her courses and conferences, is also the one who expresses an opinion both philosophical and theological. According to her, as it may use adapted means and as it follows the natural laws conceived by the Creator, education is a rational relation, initiated by the mother, for the benefit of morals, reason and conscience of her child
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Alfonso, Kristal L. M. "Femme fatale : an examination of the role of women in combat and the policy implications for future American military operations /". Maxwell AFB, Ala. : School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, 2008. https://www.afresearch.org/skins/rims/display.aspx?moduleid=be0e99f3-fc56-4ccb-8dfe-670c0822a153&mode=user&action=downloadpaper&objectid=9fa236b6-82fe-4be7-951f-1f172da0dcdf&rs=PublishedSearch.

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Dema, Moreno Sandra. "A la igualdad por la desigualdad : la acción positiva como estrategia para combatir la discriminación de las mujeres /". Oviedo : KRK ediciones, 2000. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb38988069k.

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Glover, Courtney P. R. "Servicewomen’s Experiences of Recovery in the Aftermath of War: A Qualitative Analysis". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1441463324.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Femmes au combat"

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Le combat d'une femme: Témoignage des femmes. [Alger]: Editions El-Amel, 2011.

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Makaya, Hilaire. Le combat des femmes: Récit. Libreville, Gabon: Editions Abdon MACAYA, 2003.

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Holy, Bedi. Godo-godo: L'eternel combat des femmes. Abidjan: Editions du DEFI, 1997.

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Holy, Bedi. Godo-godo: L'éternel combat des femmes. Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire: Éditions du DEFI, 1997.

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Sathoud, Ghislaine Nelly Huguette. Le combat des femmes au Congo-Brazzaville. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2007.

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Dequiré, Anne-Françoise. Les violences faites aux femmes: Un combat séculaire. Paris: Éditions du Cygne, 2015.

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Rimbaud, Christiane. Femmes d'espoir: Leur combat pour les droits de l'homme. Paris: L'Harmattan, 2008.

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Chaput, Sylvie. À nous deux!: Hommes et femmes : la fin du combat? Montréal: VLB, 1993.

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Groupe de recherche et d'information sur la paix, ed. L'homme qui répare les femmes: Le combat du docteur Mukwege. 5a ed. Bruxelles: GRIP, 2016.

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Mettre fin à la violence contre les femmes: Un combat pour aujourd'hui. Paris: Éditions francophones d'Amnesty International, 2004.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Femmes au combat"

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Kalac, Anna-Maria Getoš, e Reana Bezić. "Gender and Crime in Croatia: Female Criminality in Context". In The Handbook on Female Criminality in the Former Yugoslav Countries, 75–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-27628-6_3.

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AbstractThis chapter provides an in-depth criminological analysis of crime (trends) in Croatia with a primary focus on female criminality, as well as society’s (normative) reactions towards it. In order to understand female criminality, one needs to contextualise its basic phenomenological features and probable causes within the broader Croatian social context, including demographic, normative in addition to historical and cultural features. This task is tackled in the chapter’s introductory section, followed by an overview of core phenomenological features of Croatian overall criminality, which provides the chapter’s criminologically relevant context in which female criminality is embedded. Global crime trends clearly show that the gender gap is steadily shrinking, which is also noticeable in Croatia, where the share of females reported for having committed a criminal offence has almost doubled in the past two decades. However, such an increase is not proportionally reflected when it comes to accused and convicted females. Whether this mismatch is a consequence of the specific types of crime females commit or whether it reflects a more lenient prosecutorial and judicial approach towards them is just one of many intriguing questions about the hows and potential whys of female criminality in Croatia.
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Loch, Carolina, R. Ewan Fordyce e Alexander Werth. "Skulls, Teeth, and Sex". In Sex in Cetaceans, 51–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-35651-3_3.

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AbstractMales and females of a species may differ in external appearance or other features. Sexual dimorphism often relates to mating behavior, via male-male competition for access to females (through direct fighting and/or indirect display), female choice of mates, or sexual conflict. In many mammals, skulls and teeth often display sexual dimorphism. Cetaceans show extraordinary variation in their dentition, and because teeth are often preserved, the evolutionary origins of these morphological novelties can be tracked in the fossil record. Sexual dimorphism has been proposed in several fossil cetaceans (i.e., pakicetids, protocetids, fossil beaked whales) and some odontocetes (notably Odobenocetops), and mainly inferred from differences in tooth size, skull dimensions, and thickening of skull bones. Within modern taxa, unusual differences in the dentition between the sexes have been observed in deep-diving beaked whales and arctic narwhals, the unicorns of the sea. Mandibular tusks in beaked whales are unusual because they erupt only in males, erupt only at sexual maturity, and protrude outside the mouth rather than projecting into the oral cavity. In beaked whales, the tusk-like dentition seems to have a minimal role in feeding, and functions as weapons or displays for intrasexual (e.g., male-male combat) and intersexual (e.g., female mate choice) competition, and possibly for female harassment by males seeking to mate. In narwhals, the long and spiralled left tusk commonly only erupts in males and is presumed to play a prominent role in male-male fighting or displays for female mate choice. Except for narwhals and beaked whales, sexual dimorphism in skull and dental structures is not prominent in cetaceans. However, we still do not know whether functional aspects such as enamel structure and thickness, mechanical properties, and chemical composition of dental tissues may vary between males and females.
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Dewerdt, Raymond. "Marie-Louise Lantelme, fondatrice de l’Institut des maternités catholiques et figure d’un « catholicisme de combat » entre les deux guerres". In Femmes catholiques, femmes engagées, 51–62. Presses universitaires du Septentrion, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.septentrion.78151.

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Delahaye, Claire. "Diffuser le combat suffragiste". In Femmes à l’œuvre dans la construction des savoirs, 177–96. LISAA éditeur, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.lisaa.1283.

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Moissonnier, Henriette, e Maurice Moissonnier. "Femmes au combat dans le mouvement ouvrier lyonnais". In Militantisme et histoire, 211–15. Presses universitaires du Midi, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.pumi.18882.

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Lusset, Élisabeth. "Animaux, femmes et enfants, même combat ? (XIXe siècle)". In Dictionnaire du fouet et de la fessée, 27–30. Presses Universitaires de France, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/puf.poutr.2022.01.0027.

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Boëne, Bernard. "XVI. Des femmes et des fonctions de combat : réalités et termes du débat". In La Guerre et les Femmes, 215–24. Hermann, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/herm.baech.2018.04.0215.

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Grenier, Benoît. "Des seigneuresses au combat ? Entre le mythe et l’action (Nouvelle-France, xviie-xviiie siècle) Conclusion". In Femmes de guerre à l'époque moderne (domaine français, miroirs étranger), 201–16. Artois Presses Université, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/books.apu.27989.

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Gagnon, Valérie Lapointe. "Une plume de combat : l’écriture de soi comme mode d’action des femmes engagées en politique". In Écrire pour gouverner, écrire pour contester, 85–104. Les Presses de l’Université de Laval, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9782763754499-006.

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"“Femme de Combat”". In Hip-Hop in Africa, 118–47. Ohio University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv224tz77.9.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Femmes au combat"

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Cottegnies, Line. "« Importunate and Rapacious Vultures ». Harcèlement et guerre des sexes dans la pensée de Mary Astell". In Webinaire AVISA (Historiciser le harcèlement sexuel). MSH Paris-Saclay Éditions, Université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.52983/qfsr3144.

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En 1694, la philosophe anglaise Mary Astell (1666 – 1731), publie A Serious Proposal to the Ladies, un texte de combat sur l’éducation et la nécessaire émancipation des femmes, suivi, quelques années plus tard, d’un brûlot, Some Reflections Upon Marriage (1700). Ces textes dessinent une anatomie critique des relations entre les sexes dans la société. Astell consacre des pages éloquentes au harcèlement sexuel et psychologique dont sont victimes les filles, surtout celles issues de familles fortunées. Si toutes les femmes sont par nature vulnérables, les jeunes filles bien nées sont particulièrement exposées, selon elle, car elles sont les proies de coureurs de dots et de chasseurs d’héritages. La question du harcèlement des jeunes filles est centrale dans sa philosophie de l’émancipation féminine : il faut armer les femmes contre ceux qui veulent les exploiter et les dominer. Pourtant, Astell n’encourage pas les femmes à la rébellion : en tant que penseuse Tory, elle voit dans l’obéissance un fondement de l’ordre social. C’est par l’éveil à leur condition et par l’éducation qu’elle veut libérer les filles en leur permettant de décrypter les ressorts de l’aliénation pour les combattre de l’intérieur. C’est ainsi que dans Some Reflections elle décrit par le menu les diverses stratégies de harcèlement qui ont cours dans le monde. Une fois dessillées, elles sont alors en mesure de comprendre ce qu’est le mariage : ni plus ni moins que la soumission absolue à un maître, qu’elles ont le droit de ne pas trouver souhaitable.
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Hamlin, David B., e Randall D. Manteufel. "Evaluation of Anatomical Effects Using Laboratory +Gz Impact Tests". In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-59613.

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A number of recent studies have been conducted to determine if gender and/or anatomy significantly contribute to the probability of spinal injury of military pilots during the initial stages of an in-flight ejection. These studies have been prompted by the introduction of females into combat aircrew positions, and the concern that they may be at higher risk of spinal injury than males, especially considering most ejection tests and evaluations were conducted for an all-male pilot population [1]. Although some studies have suggested that no statistically significant difference exists in experimentally measured acceleration response between males and females [2, 3], the anatomical difference between the genders is clearly significant. The female body, on average, has 30% less mass, 25% less vertebral cross-sectional area (CSA), 20% less vertebral breaking strength, 10% less muscle mass and 10% shorter spine than the avearge male [4, 5].
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Alban, Angela, Cheryl Coiro, Trisha Patel, Jeffrey Beaubien e Mark Mazzeo. "Toward the Development of A Realistic, Low-Cost “Gender Retrofit Kit” For Use In Combat Medicine Training". In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001497.

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BackgroundBystanders often hesitate when rendering first aid to females, particularly it requires disrobing the individual (Leary et al, 2018). In addition to the delayed application of first aid, the lifesaver’s actual task performance may also be less effective than when treating injured males. This can occur, for example, when the lifesaver does not fully expose the wound (Bell et al., 2020). The Army has invested heavily in the acquisition of realistic patient manikins for training combat medicine skills. However, given logistical constraints, it will be difficult to acquire an equal number of female patient manikins. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to develop and test a low-cost manikin “Gender Retrofit Kit” (GRK). The GRK included a breast “vest” that is affixed to the torso, a realistic vagina that is affixed to the groin, a wig, facial makeup, and instructions for “feminizing” the manikin’s appearance. MethodWe recruited a convenience sample of 36 Combat Lifesavers and Combat Medics who were completing their recurrent annual training. At the end of their scheduled training, the participants were invited to practice three medical procedures (treatment of penetrating trauma to the leg via tourniquet, treatment of gunshot wound via application of a chest seal, and treatment of tension pneumothorax via needle chest decompression). Of the three medical procedures, only the last two required disrobing the patient. Therefore, we hypothesized that if performance issues were to occur, they would be localized here. The participants practiced the three procedures using two different manikin types: a standard male manikin and the GRK-outfitted manikin. The order of manikin presentation was counterbalanced. Measures of task quality, task completion times, and usability questionnaires were collected. Results and ConclusionsThe sample was primarily male (78%), and included nearly equal numbers of Combat Lifesavers (42%) and Combat Medics (44%). A post-simulation questionnaire suggested no significant mean differences between the standard vs. GRK manikins with regard to the simulators’ perceived realism, anatomical correctness, or ability to provide meaningful skills practice. However, statistically higher mean scores were reported for questionnaire items that focused on the female manikin’s realistic breast tissue, realistic skin texture, and feminine facial appearance. Linear mixed models were used to separately test the effects of participant gender (or job title), manikin gender, and their interaction on both task performance speed and quality. There were no statistically significant differences in task completion order or speed of task completion. All participants performed the three tasks in accordance with the Army’s MARCH-E algorithm, and all had similar completion times. With regard to the quality of task performance, the analyses revealed only one statistically significant main effect of manikin gender: the GRK manikin had a lower mean task performance score for the treatment of gunshot wounds, which required disrobing the patient to apply the chest seal. Based on the results of this exploratory study, we are prioritizing potential improvements to the GRK, and are planning a more rigorously-controlled validation study with the revised prototype. Additional implications and lessons learned will be discussed.
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Todd, Beth A., Tina K. Buckner, Jonathan M. Owens, Stephanie M. Horne e M. Virginia Bennett. "Determining Inertial Properties of Female Adolescents". In ASME 1997 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1997-0327.

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Abstract There are many instances where inertial properties of the human body or its segments are needed for analysis of human motion. Some of the most critical of these are the design of safety devices to protect a seated person during a vehicular collision, such as an automotive seat belt system or a pilot ejection system. [1] Since many studies have dealt with military combat situations, they have primarily dealt with young adult males. [2] However, a few studies have included adult females and individuals of other ages. [3]-[6] Automotive restraints, for instance, have been designed using this data under the assumption that a system able to restrain a 50% male could restrain the 95% female and all children. However, as automotive safety systems have become more complex than passive restraints, this assumption may no longer be adequate. Therefore, it is more critical than ever before to determine the inertial properties of children.
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Li, Peng, Hyegjoo Choi-Rokas, Blake Mitchell, Asbed Tashjian e Matthew Hurley. "An iterative and anthropometrically driven approach to body armor plate design for females". In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003349.

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The opening of combat arms positions to females, combined with innovative manufacturing processes allowing for increased curvature in rigid ballistic plates, allows the opportunity to design a body armor plate designed specifically for the female body. The current US body armor plates were developed from male torso shapes. This paper presents an iterative design and development process of female specific armor plates, based on the US Army anthropometric survey data (Gordon 2014) and rapid evaluation of prototyping designs.To understand the variation of female torso shapes, a female torso shape classification scheme was developed (Li, 2023), identifying nine torso groups for the US Army female population. For each shape group, a mean shape was generated from all torso surfaces within that group. Those nine torso shape groups were further categorized into three ‘curvature’ groups, based on angular measurement of the front profiles of each mean shape, as this will define the vertical curvature of a plate. Then two mean torso surfaces, a medium and a large bust shape were selected to target the prototype plate design for. Test plates were 3D printed but did not have equivalent weight as an ESAPI. Once the first plate shape was 3D printed, a design-fit evaluation-redesign cycle was initiated. A fit evaluation was performed to identify the design flaws. Then, those findings were documented and applied to the next round design, repeating this cycle four times. During each evaluation cycle, the current prototype, previous prototype versions, if applicable, and a 3D printed currently fielded plate were tested together. During the fit evaluation, the test participants’ (TPs) bra size was recorded but no measurements were taken. Based on TP’s bra size and prototype preferences, a fit table was created to correlate body size and bust shape to plate shape.The first round of fit evaluations involved the medium curvature plate and TPs (mostly with medium bust shapes). It was found that the TPs felt the top edge of the plate created pressure on the body, causing discomfort. We reduced the peak height of the prototyping plate by 20 mm to create the second iteration of the prototype. The second prototype was an improvement, however some could still feel the top edge of the plate. For the third iteration, the top and bottom plate edges were curved out to alleviate the pressure from the top edge, however, the fit test from this round indicated the curvature of the plate seems too flat. Hence the fourth prototype was developed by reducing the peak height only 10 mm from the first design with curved out edges on the top and bottom; it showed the best acceptability by all medium bust sized TPs. For future development, the accommodation envelope of the fourth iteration prototype will be evaluated so that we can delineate the anthropometric range of the central size in the target population, based on their breast size. Then, the large curvature plate will be evaluated to accommodate large breasted females (approximately 24% population according to the angular analysis of the front torso profile). Author contributions: P.L., H. C-R. and B. M. designed research plan and wrote the abstract. P.L. and H. C-R performed data analysis and fit evaluation, A.T and M.H did detail design and prototyping.References:Gordon, C. C., Blackwell, C. L., Bradtmiller, B., Parham, J. L., Barrientos, P., Paquette, S. P., Corner, B. D., Carson, J. M., Venezia, J. C., Rockwell, Belva M., Mucher, M., and Krietensen, S., (2014), “2012 Anthropometric Survey of U.S. Army Personnel: Methods and Sum-mary Statistics”, Technical Report NATICK/TR-15/007, US Army Soldier Systems Com-mand, Natick Research, Development and Engineering Center.Li, P., Mitchell, B., (2023), A shape classification scheme for female torso, Applied Ergonomics, Volume 106, 2023, 103904, ISSN 0003-6870,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103904
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Scherrer, Matthias, Erwin Hauser e Rudolf Scheidl. "Simulation Study of Permanent Magnetic Actuation for a Hydraulic Valve With Hysteresis Response Behavior". In BATH/ASME 2020 Symposium on Fluid Power and Motion Control. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fpmc2020-2724.

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Abstract For the realization of compact and lightweight digital hydraulic cylinder drives for exoskeleton actuation the hydraulic binary counter concept was proposed. This counter principle is based on hydraulically piloted switching valves which feature a hysteretic response with respect to the pilot pressure. In first prototypes of that counter bistable mechanical buckling beams realized the hysteretic response. Their performance suffered from high friction in the hinges and high local stresses. Furthermore, they require tight manufacturing tolerances not only of themselves but also of their bearing structure. In this paper, the usage of a permanent magnet concept to realize the hysteresis function in an alternative way is studied. The valve spool is made of a ferromagnetic material and is attracted or repelled by a permanent magnet made of a Neodymium-Iron-Bor. The expected benefits are lower friction, lower demands on manufacturing tolerances, and an easier assembly of the valve. To find an advantageous embodiment of this functioning principle ring or disc shaped magnets of different sizes are analyzed. The magnetic forces exhibited by these different magnetic circuit designs are simulated with the Magnetic Finite Element code ‘FEMM’. The quasi-static magnetic forces at different spool positions are computed. Magnetic saturation and remanence are considered in this analysis. The aim is to achieve the required force on the piston and, thus, ensure the valve’s functionality. At the same time, however, the valve should be designed as compact and light as possible. The Finite element simulations are compared with an analytical model which provides a compact understanding of the influence of the design parameters on the functional and non functional performance criteria.
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Lenoe, E. M. "Biomechanics Parameters for the Neck and Lumbar Spine: Some Implications for Advanced Materials and Other Emerging Technologies". In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-1287.

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Abstract A brief review is provided of characterization of the spine and of the various biomechanics models for the head/neck/spine system. This work was motivated by several biomechanics problems currently under consideration. First effort was to assess and discuss status of the leading intervertebral disc implants, and secondly to formulate numerous suitable dynamic models of biomechanical response, for example: for the “whiplash” problem, for a seated and helmeted crew member during a crash scenario, analysis of the High Altitude Low Opening Parachute (HALO) jump, and the effects of artillery fire on crews of combat vehicles . Therefore both quasi-static response and dynamic behavior were of interest. Characterization of the mechanical properties of the human body remains a challenge to biomedical engineers. The spine is a segmented structure containing \iscoelastic and kinematic elements. Efforts to characterize this complex structure have included in-vivo range of motion, head/neck response to forward, backward and lateral impact “jerks”, intervertebral disc pressure measurements, cadaveric whole spine tests, experiments on vertebrae and discs as well as isolated spinal ligament studies. With regard to crash survivability, a great deal of biodynamics research has been conducted and some general guidelines have been determined. But much more research is needed to provide accurate, proven figures. Whole body survival criteria have been derived based on test subjects seated with “correct” upright posture, and for single peak impacts. The magnitude, direction and duration of applied accelerative force have definite effects on human tolerance, as shown in a widely used data summary. For instance a spineward chest-back accelerative force of 45 G has been tolerated voluntarily when pulse duration is less than 0.044 seconds. However when the pulse duration increases to 0.2 seconds the tolerable force magnitude is 25 G. This paper reviews the readily available literature and concludes with parametric data for dynamic analysis of occupant response. Consideration of the available data indicates a wide range in mechanical properties of spinal ligaments, vertebrae and muscle groups. Coefficients of variance, cv, (standard deviation divided by mean value) were found to range as follows: Spinal ligament failure load cv’s from 30 to 85%, maximum deformation-35 to 72%, and stiffness from 33 to 84%; Vertebrae failure stresses from 44 to 64%, failure strains from 30 to 41%; Intervertebral discs with normal disc failure loads with c.v. of 10 % compared to 6% for degenerated discs, while cadaveric Spine failure loads variances were from 27 to 72%, and equivalent bilinear spine stiffness K1 had 40% and K2 62% variance. K1 = 101(40)[.40]**, K2 = 153(94)[.62] Newtons/mm. Range of motion and reflex times and neck strengths are observed to be influenced by sex and age. Both range of motion and neck strength decreased with aging. Coefficients of variance of male reflex times and strengths were found to be less variable than those of females, in the young and middle age groups. In general, male neck strengths were 1 1/2 to 2 times that of females. A recent study in Quebec of 5000 whiplash cases found that women are 50 % more likely than men to suffer whiplash injuries. The annual incidence of whiplash was found to be 86 per 100,000 for females compared with 54 for men. Mass moments of inertia, masses and associated centers of gravity and segment lengths are provided for a 50th percentile U.S. male aviator and for the “SOMLA” occupant man model. Regarding artificial intervertebral disc implants, review of the state-of-the-art indicates that no existing implants duplicate the full range of capabilities of the human disc or spine. As for crash survivable aircraft seats, civil aircraft, US Army helicopters and even NASA’s space shuttle crew seats could be significantly improved use of advanced materials, and properly design impact attenuation systems. The wide variation of spine strengths indicates the probabilistic design and analysis techniques should be applied. Finally it is evident that application of advanced composites and so-called smart materials must be based on an in-depth understanding of biomechanics and likely failure modes of the human body.
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Bouhoute, M., K. El Harti e W. El Wady. "Gestion des dysplasies osseuses florides symptomatiques : série de cas et revue de littérature". In 66ème Congrès de la SFCO. Les Ulis, France: EDP Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/sfco/20206603019.

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Introduction : Les dysplasies osseuses sont définis (WHO histological classification of odontogenic tumours 2005) comme des processus idiopathiques localisés au niveau de la région périapicale des dents, caractérisées par le remplacement de l’os normal par un tissu fibreux avec un os métaplasique. Ces conditions regroupent différentes formes cliniques : dysplasie osseuse périapicale, localisée au niveau des apex des dents antérieures, dysplasie osseuse focale, localisée aux dents postérieures, dysplasie osseuse floride (DOF) touchant 2 à 4 quadrants et cemontome gigantoforme familial, présent chez le jeune avec une symptomatologie très marquée. La découverte de ces lésions est souvent fortuite au niveau de radiographie panoramique avec des images radioclaires, mixtes ou radio-opaques, de différentes tailles. Cependant, une symptomatologie infectieuse peut être associée à ces lésions. Observations : Les quatre cas cliniques reportés représentent différentes situations pouvant révéler la dysplasie osseuse floride. Le premier cas clinique d’une patiente âgée de 56ans avec une petite dénudation osseuse de 3mm au niveau du quadrant3 avec une tuméfaction endobuccale douloureuse comblant le vestibule. La lésion est fréquemment traumatisée par une PAT mandibulaire. Le deuxième cas clinique d’une patiente de 50ans avec une tuméfaction exobuccale gauche avec une peau de recouvrement d’aspect normal, légèrement sensible à la palpation et faisant suite à l’ extraction de la 36 datant de 2 mois, le 3ème et 4ème cas cliniques sont de deux femmes de 50 et 70ans, se présentant avec des fistules cutanées accompagnées de tuméfactions exobuccales gauches. Discussion : Pour les 4 cas cliniques, le diagnostic de dysplasie osseuse floride compliquée d’une infection est posé suite à une investigation clinique et radiologique minutieuse, leurs gestion est chirurgicale avec une bonne évolution dans le temps. La littérature objective que la symptomatologie de la DOF reste rare et lorsqu’elle existe, elle se manifeste le plus souvent par une tuméfaction endobuccale, accompagnée d’une douleur comme pour le premier cas clinique ; les recherches considèrent que l’infection est secondaire à l’exposition des masses pathologiques après résorption des corticales alvéolaires chez le sujet édenté ou après extraction de dents proches des lésions chez le denté. Le 2ème cas clinique peut porter appui à ces résultats, vu que l’infection secondaire peut être rattachée à l’extraction de la 36. La diminution de la vascularisation au niveau des sites atteints expose le patient à un risque élevé de diffusion de l’infection se manifestant par une ostéomyélite voire une cellulite si la prise en charge est retardée ou non adéquate comme objectivé pour les 3ème et 4ème cas cliniques, avec une ostéomyélite accompagnée d’une extériorisation de l’infection sous forme de fistule cutanée. Conclusion : Une attention particulière devra être apportée à la prise en charge chirurgicale qui risque d’exposer plus de tissu vasculaire et entrainer des complications. La prise en charge adoptée dans ces cas cliniques répond à celle recommandée par la littérature avec exérèse des tissus responsables de l’infection, accompagnée d’un débridement des sites d’ostéomyélite avec une abstention et surveillance pour les sites asymptomatiques.
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