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1
Martin, Laurie T. A systematic process to facilitate evidence-informed decisionmaking regarding program expansion. Santa Monica, CA: Rand Corporation, 2014.
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Cheng, Maisy. Moving from elementary to secondary school: Procedures which may facilitate the transition process. [Toronto]: Information Services Division, Toronto Board of Education, 1986.
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Beyond the myths and magic of mentoring: How to facilitate an effective mentoring process. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2001.
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Forbes, P. D. A dynamic matrix reduction process which facilitates modal frequency response analysis with the MARC system. East Kilbride: National Engineering Laboratory, 1991.
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La Hera, Teresa, Jeroen Jansz, Joost Raessens e Ben Schouten, eds. Persuasive Gaming in Context. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728805.
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The rapid developments in new communication technologies have facilitated the popularization of digital games, which has translated into an exponential growth of the game industry in recent decades. The ubiquitous presence of digital games has resulted in an expansion of the applications of these games from mere entertainment purposes to a great variety of serious purposes. In this edited volume, we narrow the scope of attention by focusing on what game theorist Ian Bogost has called 'persuasive games', that is, gaming practices that combine the dissemination of information with attempts to engage players in particular attitudes and behaviors. This volume offers a multifaceted reflection on persuasive gaming, that is, on the process of these particular games being played by players. The purpose is to better understand when and how digital games can be used for persuasion by further exploring persuasive games and some other kinds of persuasive playful interaction as well. The book critically integrates what has been accomplished in separate research traditions to offer a multidisciplinary approach to understanding persuasive gaming that is closely linked to developments in the industry by including the exploration of relevant case studies.
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The skilled facilitator: Practical wisdom for developing effective groups. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass Publishers, 1994.
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Daly, Suzanne. Greening the project management process: The evolution of an environmental project management method to facilitate the production of an environmentally benign construction project. [s.l: The Author], 1999.
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The skilled facilitator: A comprehensive resource for consultants, facilitators, managers, trainers, and coaches. 2a ed. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 2002.
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Aubrey, Joanne. An evaluation of the social action process as a mechanism for the transfer of knowledge to facilitate the development of new children's services in Ukraine. Leicester: De Montfort University, 2003.
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Paddock, LeRoy, e Karyan San Martano. Energy Supply Planning in a Distributed Energy Resources World. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198822080.003.0021.
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Traditional electricity planning in the United States has typically been focused on forecasting future demand and identifying the need for new large generating facilities that involve one-way flows from central power plants to customers. However, legal innovation has incentivized the deployment of more energy resources at the customer end of the electricity network and technological innovation has facilitated rapid expansion in the number and capacity of these distributed energy resources. These changes now require innovation in the type of planning for future energy resources that must be employed to ensure an efficient and reliable electric energy network. Deployment of the rapidly growing number of distributed energy resources —solar and wind generation, combined heat and power, fuel cells, battery storage, demand response and energy efficiency—is facilitated by an increasingly smart grid. This chapter proposes a new, distributed resource-planning process to better integrate all of these distributed resources into the grid.
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Austin, Hilary Mac. The Defender Brings You the World. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252037023.003.0004.
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This chapter traces the European journey of Patrick B. Prescott Jr. and his wife as chronicled in the pages of the Chicago Defender in 1934, showing simultaneously how the paper facilitated the nationalization of African Americans in the United States and opened windows onto international experiences and events. Identities are relational, and the process of becoming metropolitan required not only local consciousness but international awareness. In terms of identity formation, the trek of black southerners to Chicago during the 1920s was as complicated a process and practice as it must have been to leave the known confines of the United States to find meaning and fresh experiences in European capitals during the 1930s.
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Young, Alasdair R. 5. The Single Market From Stagnation to Renewal? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hepl/9780199689675.003.0005.
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This chapter examines the renewal of the single European market (SEM) as a major turning point in European policy-making. It presents the argument that many of the analyses that proliferated in response to the Single European Act (SEA) and the SEM overstated their novelty and understated some of the surrounding factors that helped to induce their ‘success’. The chapter first provides a historical background on how the single market was established before discussing the politics of policy-making in the SEM. It explains how new ideas about market regulation permeated the European Union policy process and facilitated legislative activism and important changes in the policy-implementing processes, culminating in the ‘1992 programme’ to make the single market a reality. Although the task of ‘completing’ the single market remains unfinished, the chapter shows that it has moved to the heart of European integration and altered the pattern of state–market relations in Europe.
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The Skilled Facilitator. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2002.
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Tisserand, David. It is all about process. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198794844.003.0003.
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This chapter points out the key benefits of a well-designed process in Games User Research. For example, the creation of templates and question databases can ensure that information is collected in a comprehensive, shareable manner. Maintaining this documentation can facilitate future optimization for increased research efficiency.
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Ochoa, Rolando. Intimate Crimes. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198798460.001.0001.
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This book analyses the survival strategies that wealthy people in Mexico City have designed and implemented to protect themselves from kidnapping, with special focus on household employment relationships. This particular crime has demonstrated a particular evolution in the last twenty years that deserves analysis. Once a political crime, it became an economic crime that at first only targeted wealthy individuals and then over time began targeting working-class victims. This book presents a detailed history of the evolution of kidnapping in the period 1968 to 2009. It links this evolution to processes of democratization and liberalization which took place in Mexico since the 1980s. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of the strategies used by potential kidnapping victims to protect themselves from this crime, from the community level to the micro-individual level. Special attention is focused on the hiring process of household employees, namely drivers, as evidence suggests that most kidnappings are organized or facilitated in some way by a close collaborator of the victim. In this case, the book focuses on the hiring of drivers in the household. The hiring process is approached as a problem of trust. Signaling theory is the main framework used for solving this problem, as well as some ideas found in transaction cost economics, namely vertical integration.
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McKee, Kimberly D. Disrupting Kinship. University of Illinois Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5622/illinois/9780252042287.001.0001.
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Interacting with Cold War ideology, individuals’ Christian Americanism supported the notion that Korean adoptees would enter “good homes” in a democratic society. Many children felt the brunt of this rhetoric as they were told adoption was in their “best interests” and that if not adoption, they would have fallen through the cracks of economic poverty and degradation in the land of their birth. In doing so, rhetorics of gratitude became cemented in international adoption discourse. This book exposes the growth of the transnational adoption industrial complex (TAIC)—the neo-colonial, multi-million dollar global industry that commodifies children’s bodies—in an examination of South Korean adoptions to the United States. The TAIC accounts for how the South Korean social welfare state, orphanages, adoption agencies, and American immigration legislation facilitated the development of transnational adoption between the two countries. Adoption became a rote process whereby government and non-governmental organizations and actors easily facilitated the exchange of children. Yet, the activism of adoptees and their allies expose the inherent messiness of adoption and reveal that adoption cannot be discussed in black and white terms. Using archival research, media texts, and oral histories, this monograph elucidates greater understanding concerning how the TAIC impacts the lived experiences of adoptees and their families. Notions of adoptees as perpetual children are disabused as I examine adoptees’ efforts to reshape adoption discourse to recognize the inherent rights of birth parents and adoptees. In adulthood, adoptees construct a new type of public personhood, one defined by their autonomy and agency. Cold War, Christian Americanism, Korean adoption, adoption, South Korea, gratitude, industrial complex, orphans, immigration, family, kinship
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Leuchter, Mark. From Scribes to Sages. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190665098.003.0009.
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In challenging the Aaronide use of text for ritual authority in the first part of the Persian period, the Levites factored text into a wisdom curriculum that moved beyond Aaronide-ritual contexts. Nehemiah 8 provides a sort of model for this process, subjecting the Pentateuch to new terms of revelation through sapiential exegesis. But the creation of the Book of the Twelve served as the ultimate masterstroke, yielding a new model for how Levite sages actualized and facilitated revelation through their literary activity and study of textual sources. The Chronicler’s depiction of the Levites as prophets by virtue of their chanting and teaching of prophetic texts finds its roots in the ideology embedded in and expressed by the Book of the Twelve: YHWH’s presence was affirmed and indeed invoked through the sapiential engagement of prophetic texts.
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John, Choong. 17 Ad Hoc Arbitration. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198810650.003.0017.
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An ad hoc arbitration can be defined as an arbitration that is not administered by an arbitral institution. With that as its definition, one may be surprised to learn that an arbitration institution can have a role to play in an ad hoc arbitration. The smooth running of an ad hoc arbitration can be facilitated by the appointment of an arbitral institution such as SIAC to perform certain limited functions and, in particular, to be on standby to step in should the process for the constitution of the tribunal or its functioning break down. The chapter begins with a brief introduction to ad hoc arbitration in Part A. The three ways in which SIAC may be called upon to support an ad hoc arbitration, and the types of services it can provide, are described in Part B.
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McClintock, Cynthia. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190879754.003.0001.
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During the third wave, like most democratizing countries worldwide, Latin American countries replaced plurality rules for presidential election with runoff rules. To date, most scholars fear the proliferation of political parties under runoff and favor plurality. I argue, however, that Latin American leaders were correct to adopt runoff. Runoff established a virtuous circle: amid lower barriers to entry, opposition parties and new parties held greater respect for the democratic process and this respect was in turn important to elites’ toleration of their entry. By contrast, plurality often facilitated political exclusion by long-standing dominant parties and exacerbated cynicism and polarization. Although the larger number of parties under runoff was problematic, and measures for the amelioration of the problem are important, the number of parties was considerable under plurality; runoff enabled democracies to cope, increasing the legitimacy of their elected presidents.
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The information research process with low-achieving freshman using Kuhlthau's six stage model and the interventions that facilitate the process. Ann Arbor, Mich: University Microfilms International, 1995.
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Foster care: HHS could better facilitate the interjurisdictional adoption process : report to congressional requesters. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.
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Murray, Margo. Beyond the Myths and Magic of Mentoring: How to Facilitate an Effective Mentoring Process. Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, John, 2008.
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Morat, Daniel. Music in the Air—Listening in the Streets. Editado por Christian Thorau e Hansjakob Ziemer. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190466961.013.15.
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The history of music listening has focused mainly on art music and the cultivated listeners of the educated classes. But the nineteenth century saw not only the rise of concert music and its middle- and upper-class audiences, it also witnessed the “popular music revolution” in European and North American cities and metropolises. By drawing on the example of turn-of-the-century Berlin, this chapter explores the place of popular music within modern urban leisure culture. The chapter investigates the different venues and locations in which popular music was performed and consumed (dance halls, café terraces, amusements parks, street corners, and so on). Then it focuses on the ways in which popular music was listened to and appropriated by urbanites and how these urban-listening habits facilitated the process of mental adaptation to big-city life and the development of a metropolitan mentality.
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Manson, Leigh, e Shona Muir. Advance care planning in New Zealand: our Voice—tō tātou reo. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802136.003.0021.
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Advance care planning (ACP) in New Zealand has grown as a people’s movement resourced by passionate individuals across the country. This people’s movement is a whole of systems approach led by the national ACP Cooperative. The approach has provided a permissive platform for the national evolution of ACP and has allowed ACP to quickly gain momentum. It has facilitated the collaboration of multiple interest groups with consumers at the centre and has provided an environment for innovation. The ACP Cooperative used a deployment model to drive the work. The model insured that the movement focused on engaging healthcare leadership and the community, educating clinicians, and the public, whilst keeping the patient and their family/whānau values at the centre of the process. The Cooperative is acutely aware that providing patient value-based care for people as they approach the end of their lives sets the precedent for how all healthcare could be delivered.
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Yesil, Bilge. The AKP Era. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040177.003.0005.
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This chapter begins with an analysis of the shifts in global and local conjunctures that facilitated the Islamist AKP's (Adalet ve Kalkinma Partisi or Justice and Development Party) rise to power, followed by an overview of its neoliberal and pro-EU policies during its first term. It then explores how the anti-Western and anti-globalization currents became substantial elements of media, politics, and culture in the twenty-first century. Local and international developments—such as the EU accession process, the relative easing of restrictions on Kurdish cultural rights, the US invasion of Iraq, the emergence of a revisionist discourse on the Armenian genocide, and the entry of foreign media companies into the Turkish market—began to engender fears and anxieties among the nationalists about the decline of the Turkish state. Through the lens of these developments, the chapter discusses the tensions between globalizing and statist dynamics as well as the AKP's consolidation of the authoritarian neoliberal order.
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Lau, Hi-Po Bobo, e Cecilia Cheng. The Yin-Yang of Stress. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199348541.003.0020.
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Dialectical thinking refers to the (primarily East Asian) tendency to tolerate contradiction, expect change, and perceive interconnections. Drawing upon a process-oriented approach to coping, in this chapter, two pathways through which dialectical thinking may influence East Asians’ ways of coping are proposed. First, dialectical (and holistic) thinking may enable East Asians to attribute events to both situational and dispositional factors. This breadth in attribution may lead to the perception of less personal control, as well as a weaker association between perceived personal control and coping outcomes among East Asians than among Westerners. In addition, dialectical thinking may facilitate complex cognitive processes such as differentiation and integration, and a reduced need for closure. In turn, this facilitates flexibility in appraising the controllability of stressful events and deployment of situation-appropriate coping responses (i.e., coping flexibility). Areas for future research are also discussed in the chapter.
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Cruz, Gabriela. Grand Illusion. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190915056.001.0001.
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Grand Illusion is a new history of grand opera as an art of illusion facilitated by the introduction of gaslight illumination at the Académie Royale de Musique (Paris) in the 1820s. It contends that gas lighting and the technologies of illusion used in the theater after the 1820s spurred the development of a new lyrical art, attentive to the conditions of darkness and radiance, and inspired by the model of phantasmagoria. Karl Marx, Walter Benjamin, and Theodor Adorno have used the concept of phantasmagoria to arrive at a philosophical understanding of modern life as total spectacle, in which the appearance of things supplants their reality. The book argues that the Académie became an early laboratory for this historical process of commodification, for the transformation of opera into an audio-visual spectacle delivering dream-like images. It shows that this transformation began in Paris and then defined opera after the mid-century. In the hands of Giacomo Meyerbeer (Robert le diable, L’Africaine), Richard Wagner (Der fliegende Holländer, Lohengrin, and Tristan und Isolde), and Giuseppe Verdi (Aida), opera became an expanded form of phantasmagoria.
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Narouze, Samer N. Cervical Sympathetic Block: Fluoroscopy. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199908004.003.0027.
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In those patients with significant sympathetically maintained pain, repeated blocks may provide a therapeutic value and help facilitate physical therapy and rehabilitation. Cervical sympathetic blocks have been traditionally performed by using surface landmarks, however imaging-guided blocks are strongly recommended to avoid potential serious complications. Most preganglionic sympathetic efferents innervating the head, neck, and upper extremity either pass through or synapse at the stellate ganglion. This provides an ideal target for blockade of sympathetic innervation to the head, neck, and upper limbs. The stellate ganglion block can be performed at the C6 and C7 transverse processes. Fluoroscopy is a reliable method for identifying bony surfaces, which facilitates identifying the C6 and C7 transverse processes; however, this is only a surrogate marker, because the location of the cervical sympathetic trunk is defined by the fascial plane of the prevertebral fascia, which cannot be visualized with fluoroscopy.
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Dwyer, Michael. Strangling Angel. Liverpool University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9781786940469.001.0001.
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This book is the first comprehensive history of the anti-diphtheria campaign and the factors which facilitated or hindered the rollout of the national childhood immunization programme in Ireland. It is easy to forget the context in which Irish society opted to embrace mass childhood immunization. Dwyer shows us how we got where we are. He restores Diphtheria’s reputation as one of the most prolific child-killers of nineteenth and early twentieth-century Ireland and explores the factors which allowed the disease to take a heavy toll on child health and life-expectancy. Public health officials in the fledgling Irish Free State set the eradication of diphtheria among their first national goals, and eschewing the reticence of their British counterparts, adopted anti-diphtheria immunization as their weapon of choice. An unofficial alliance between Irish medical officers and the British pharmaceutical company Burroughs Wellcome placed Ireland on the European frontline of the bacteriological revolution, however, Wellcome sponsored vaccine trials in Ireland side-lined the human rights of Ireland’s most vulnerable citizens: institutional children in state care. An immunization accident in County Waterford, and the death of a young girl, raised serious questions regarding the safety of the immunization process itself, resulting in a landmark High Court case and the Irish Medical Union’s twelve-year long withdrawal of immunization services. As childhood immunization is increasingly considered a lifestyle choice, rather than a lifesaving intervention, this book brings historical context to bear on current debate.
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van Hooft, Edwin. Self-Regulatory Perspectives in the Theory of Planned Job Search Behavior: Deliberate and Automatic Self-Regulation Strategies to Facilitate Job Seeking. Editado por Ute-Christine Klehe e Edwin van Hooft. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199764921.013.31.
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Because job search often is a lengthy process accompanied by complexities, disruptions, rejections, and other adversities, job seekers need self-regulation to initiate and maintain job search behaviors for obtaining employment goals. This chapter reviews goal/intention properties (e.g., specificity, proximity, conflicts, motivation type) and skills, beliefs, strategies, and capacities (e.g., self-monitoring skills and type, trait and momentary self-control capacity, nonlimited willpower beliefs, implementation intentions, goal-shielding and goal maintenance strategies) that facilitate self-regulation and as such may moderate the relationship between job search intentions and job search behavior. For each moderator, a theoretical rationale is developed based on self-regulation theory linked to the theory of planned job search behavior, available empirical support is reviewed, and future research recommendations are provided. The importance of irrationality and nonconscious processes is discussed; examples are given of hypoegoic self-regulation strategies that reduce the need for deliberate self-regulation and conscious control by automatizing job search behaviors.
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Directriz para el fortalecimiento de los programas nacionales de guías informadas por la evidencia. Una herramienta para la adaptación e implementación de guías en las Américas. Organización Panamericana de la Salud, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.37774/9789275320167.
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[Alcance y objetivos]. Este documento tiene como objetivo presentar las estrategias políticas y metodológicas para la creación y el fortalecimiento de los programas nacionales de guías enfocados en los procesos de adaptación de guías informadas por la evidencia en las Américas. La directriz presentada en este documento muestra las consideraciones que se deben tener en cuenta en los programas nacionales de guías con el fin de facilitar su implementación y sostenibilidad, así como las metodologías y herramientas para su elaboración. También se exponen las generalidades de la implementación de las guías con el fin de facilitar a las entidades gubernamentales, los actores del sistema de salud y la sociedad civil el uso de guías informadas en la evidencia dentro de los procesos de toma de decisiones a nivel individual, organizacional y de los sistemas de salud. La directriz busca apoyar la elaboración e implementación de guías brindando un mapa general de los requerimientos, presenta los diferentes recursos y manuales regionales y muestra de forma operativa el proceso metodológico. De forma general, toma elementos de diferentes métodos de adaptación, como Adolopment (Schünemann et al., 2017), y los operativiza con el fin de servir de apoyo a los procesos de adaptación de guías. [Scope and objectives]. The purpose of this document is to present policy-oriented and methodological strategies for developing and/or strengthening national guideline programs, focusing on the adaptation of evidence-informed guidelines in the Americas. The information presented in this document includes considerations to be taken into account in national guideline programs in order to facilitate their implementation and sustainability. It presents methodologies and tools for adapting the guidelines, as well as general information on the implementation of guidelines to help governmental agencies, stakeholders in the health care system, and civil society use evidence-informed guidelines in decision-making processes at the individual, organizational, and health system level. This document seeks to support the development and implementation of guidelines while providing a general map of the requirements. It also presents the different resources and regional manuals that discussing greater detail the methodological process. In general, this document takes elements of different methods of adaptation as “Adolopment” (Schünemann et al., 2017) and operationalize them to support the adaptation processes of guidelines.
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Wikle, Christopher K. Spatial Statistics. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228620.013.710.
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The climate system consists of interactions between physical, biological, chemical, and human processes across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales. Characterizing the behavior of components of this system is crucial for scientists and decision makers. There is substantial uncertainty associated with observations of this system as well as our understanding of various system components and their interaction. Thus, inference and prediction in climate science should accommodate uncertainty in order to facilitate the decision-making process. Statistical science is designed to provide the tools to perform inference and prediction in the presence of uncertainty. In particular, the field of spatial statistics considers inference and prediction for uncertain processes that exhibit dependence in space and/or time. Traditionally, this is done descriptively through the characterization of the first two moments of the process, one expressing the mean structure and one accounting for dependence through covariability.Historically, there are three primary areas of methodological development in spatial statistics: geostatistics, which considers processes that vary continuously over space; areal or lattice processes, which considers processes that are defined on a countable discrete domain (e.g., political units); and, spatial point patterns (or point processes), which consider the locations of events in space to be a random process. All of these methods have been used in the climate sciences, but the most prominent has been the geostatistical methodology. This methodology was simultaneously discovered in geology and in meteorology and provides a way to do optimal prediction (interpolation) in space and can facilitate parameter inference for spatial data. These methods rely strongly on Gaussian process theory, which is increasingly of interest in machine learning. These methods are common in the spatial statistics literature, but much development is still being done in the area to accommodate more complex processes and “big data” applications. Newer approaches are based on restricting models to neighbor-based representations or reformulating the random spatial process in terms of a basis expansion. There are many computational and flexibility advantages to these approaches, depending on the specific implementation. Complexity is also increasingly being accommodated through the use of the hierarchical modeling paradigm, which provides a probabilistically consistent way to decompose the data, process, and parameters corresponding to the spatial or spatio-temporal process.Perhaps the biggest challenge in modern applications of spatial and spatio-temporal statistics is to develop methods that are flexible yet can account for the complex dependencies between and across processes, account for uncertainty in all aspects of the problem, and still be computationally tractable. These are daunting challenges, yet it is a very active area of research, and new solutions are constantly being developed. New methods are also being rapidly developed in the machine learning community, and these methods are increasingly more applicable to dependent processes. The interaction and cross-fertilization between the machine learning and spatial statistics community is growing, which will likely lead to a new generation of spatial statistical methods that are applicable to climate science.
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Wobick-Segev, Sarah. Homes Away from Home. Stanford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.11126/stanford/9781503605145.001.0001.
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This book is the first comparative study of Jewish communities in Western, Central, and Eastern Europe. It analyzes how Jews used social and religious spaces to reformulate patterns of fraternity, celebration, and family formation and expressions of self-identification. It suggests that the social patterns that developed between 1890 and the 1930s were formative for the fundamental reshaping of Jewish community and remain essential to our understanding of contemporary Jewish life. Focusing on the social interactions of urban European Jews, this book offers a new perspective on how Jews confronted the challenges of modernity. As membership in the official community was becoming increasingly a matter of individual choice, Jews created spaces to meet new social and emotional needs. Cafés, hotels, and restaurants became places to gather and celebrate festivals and holy days, and summer camps served as sites for the informal education of young children. These places facilitated the option of secular Jewish belonging, marking a clear distinction between Judaism and Jewishness that would have been impossible on a large scale in the pre-emancipation era. By creating new centers for Jewish life, a growing number of historical actors, including women and youth, took the process of community building into their own hands. The contexts of Jewish life expanded beyond the confines of “traditional” Jewish spaces and sometimes challenged the desires of Jewish authorities. The book further argues that these social practices remained vital in reconstructing certain Jewish communities in the wake of the devastation of the Holocaust.
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Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (U.S.). Office of Food Labeling., ed. Food labeling: Questions and answers : for guidance to facilitate the process of developing or revising labels for foods other than dietary supplements. [Rockville, Md.]: Office of Food Labeling, Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, 1993.
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Food labeling: Questions and answers for guidance to facilitate the process of developing or revising labels for foods other than dietary supplements. For sale by the U.S. G.P.O., Supt. of Docs, 1993.
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Huei, Pang Yang. Strait Rituals. Hong Kong University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.5790/hongkong/9789888208302.001.0001.
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In Strait Rituals: China, Taiwan, and the United States and in the Taiwan Strait Crises, 1954-1958, this book argues that the Taiwan Strait Crises could be understood as an evolution towards tacit accommodation. Exploiting new materials from mainland China, Taiwan and the United States, a reevaluation of the international relations of all three parties via a simultaneous presentation of their disparate perspectives is made. At the heart of its argument, this book proposes that conflict resolution had become ritualized progressively as the protagonists implicitly constructed a framework of understanding. An uneasy peace was thus a product of a ritualization of discourses and maneuvers, embodied in verbal signaling and symbolic gestures. These exacting understandings laid the groundwork for a substantive change in the nature of Sino-American relations - from hostile nuclear confrontation in 1954 to tacit accommodation in 1958. In particular, this book highlights relevant aspects of “culture” to better understand the intricacies of the Sino-US-ROC relations. This aspect complements existing scholarship on realism, strategy, economics, ideology and domestic aspects of the Taiwan Strait crises. Strait Rituals will show the significance of “ritualization” in explaining the transition of “tacit communication” to “tacit accommodation.” It will demonstrate how both parties engaged in ritualized actions that facilitated the process of conflict resolution. Strait Rituals will establish how the US and China achieved a limited but shared understanding of the modus operandi of the other party through their ritualized actions in terms of their use of public symbols, identity issues, cultural images and official discourses on one hand, and military posturing, diplomatic canvassing for international support, and negotiations on the other hand.
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Speed, Cathy. Injection therapies in sports injuries. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199533909.003.0016.
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Local injection therapies are utilized in the management of sports injuries in order to facilitate diagnosis (local anaesthetics), to manage pain and to aid in the process of healing. Routes and injectates for local injection therapies in the management of sports injuries are listed in ...
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Berliner, Todd. Hollywood Storytelling. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780190658748.003.0003.
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Chapter 3 studies the aesthetic pleasures of Hollywood cinema’s approach to storytelling. It examines the cognitive processes at work when a film cues spectators to construct a film’s story in their minds, and it explains the ways in which Hollywood movies both facilitate and complicate the spectator’s process of story construction. The chapter offers a new theory of Hollywood storytelling aesthetics—illustrated with examples from whodunits, screwball comedies, twist films, and mysteries—that film viewers take pleasure not just in narrative unity and easy understanding, as previous scholars have argued, but also in narrative disunity and cognitive challenge. With support from experimental psychology, the chapter argues that viewers enjoy narratives that stimulate moments of free association, insight, and incongruity-resolution.
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Loraine, Sievers, e Daws Sam. Ch.6 Voting. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/actrade/9780199685295.003.0006.
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This chapter illustrates how voting in the Security Council is carried out. The UN Charter provides that each member of the Security Council shall have one vote, that the decisions of the Council on procedural matters must be affirmed by a vote from nine members, that Council decisions on all other matters shall be made by an affirmative vote of nine members including the concurring votes of the permanent members under certain provisions, among others. To that end, the chapter discusses further regulations that facilitate the voting process itself; such as procedures laid in place in the case of vetoes, an insufficient number of affirmative votes, voting on particular areas, interruptions, abstentions, absences, outright non-participation, as well as the processes for the finalisation of the vote.
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Reynald, Danielle M. Guardianship. Editado por Gerben J. N. Bruinsma e Shane D. Johnson. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190279707.013.21.
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The concept of guardianship has been defined as “any spatio-temporally specific supervision of people or property by other people which may prevent criminal violations from occurring.” As a key process of crime prevention and control by informal citizens, research on guardianship has revealed that it is negatively associated with crime, suggesting its importance as an effective crime control strategy. This chapter provides an overview of the theoretical origins of the guardianship concept, and reviews key empirical studies that have contributed to the development of criminological understanding of how guardianship functions to control crime. It concludes with a discussion of current research being done and the new directions currently being charted for continued insights into the processes and mechanisms that facilitate effective guardianship for crime prevention.
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Marczak, Nikki, e Kirril Shields, eds. Genocide Perspectives VI: The Process and the Personal Cost of Genocide. University of Technology, Sydney, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/aaf.
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Genocide Perspectives VI grapples with two core themes: the personal toll of genocide, and processes that facilitate the crime. From political choices governments and leaders make, through to denialism and impunity, the crime of genocide recurs again and again, across the globe. At what cost to individuals and communities? What might the legacy of this criminality be? This collection of essays examines the personal sacrifice genocide takes from those who live through the trauma, and the generations that follow. Contributors speak to the way visual art and literature attempt to represent genocide, hoping to make sense of problematic histories while also offering a means of reflection after years of “slow violence” or silenced memories. Some authors generously allow us into their own histories, or contemplate how they may have experienced genocide had they been born in another time or place. What facets contribute to the processes that lead to, or enable the crime of genocide? This collection explores those processes through a variety of case studies and lenses. How do nurses, whose role is inherently linked to care and compassion, become mass killers? How do restrictions on religious freedom play a role in advancing genocidal policies, and why do perpetrators of genocide often target religious leaders? Why is it so important for Australia and other nations with histories of colonial genocide to acknowledge their past? Among the essays published in this volume, we have the privilege and the sorrow of publishing the very last essay Professor Colin Tatz wrote before his passing in 2019. His contribution reveals, yet again, the enormous influence of both his research and his original ideas on genocide. He reflects on continuing legacies for Indigenous Australian communities, with whom he worked for many decades, and adds nuance to contemporary understanding of the Armenian Genocide and the Holocaust, two other cases to which he was deeply committed.
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Trosino, Jesus C. Reza. El ABC Del Instructor 2: Facilitator De Procesos De Grupo Cumunitarios Educativos De Formacion Profesional Y Aprendizaje Efectivo Para El 3er Milenio. Panorama Mexico, 2002.
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Fivush, Robyn, Widaad Zaman e Natalie Merrill. Developing Social Functions of Autobiographical Memory within Family Storytelling. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198737865.003.0003.
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We examine the developing social functions of autobiographical memory across childhood from a sociocultural perspective. We focus on family storytelling, and argue that reminiscing facilitates social and emotional bonds among family members. We delineate both the process of reminiscing, sharing our past with others in conversation, and the content of reminiscing, reminiscing about people, and reflecting on the value of those relationships. Elaborated family reminiscing, both about shared experiences and intergenerational narratives told by the older generation to the younger generation, emerges from more secure early parent–child attachment relationships, and facilitates the maintenance of family bonds through adolescence. Intriguingly, females may use autobiographical narratives to create and maintain socioemotional bonds with others to a greater extent than do males.
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Schjødt, Uffe, e Jeppe Sinding Jensen. Depletion and deprivation. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789710.003.0015.
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Religious beliefs represent striking examples of culturally transmitted ideas that guide individual metacognition. This chapter examines how religious practices facilitate the adoption of such beliefs. Beginning with the two simple assumptions that effective metacognition requires (1) considerable attentional and executive resources and (2) access to interpretive frameworks, it is noted that these vary across contexts. Many characteristic features of religious practices appear to limit the cognitive resources required for individual metacognition. It is proposed that such features may in fact be designed to facilitate the adoption of a shared metacognition. Using a predictive coding framework, two pathways for this process are analyzed: depletion and deprivation. Finally, the philosophical implications for social functional accounts of shared metacognition are discussed in light of human evolution.
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Koyama, Yuki, e Takeo Igarashi. Computational Design with Crowds. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799603.003.0007.
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Computational design is aimed at supporting automating design processes using computational techniques. However, some classes of design tasks involve criteria that are difficult to handle only with computers. For example, visual design tasks seeking to fulfil aesthetic goals are difficult to handle purely with computers. One promising approach is to leverage human computation; that is, to incorporate human input into the computation process. Crowdsourcing platforms provide a convenient way to integrate such human computation into a working system. In this chapter, we discuss such computational design with crowds in the domain of parameter tweaking tasks in visual design. Parameter tweaking is often performed to maximize the aesthetic quality of designed objects. Computational design powered by crowds can solve this maximization problem by leveraging human computation. We discuss the opportunities and challenges of computational design with crowds with two illustrative examples: (1) estimating the objective function to facilitate the design exploration by a designer and (2) directly searching for the optimal parameter setting that maximizes the objective function.
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Doris, John M., e Shaun Nichols. Broad-Minded: Sociality and the Cognitive Science of Morality. Editado por Eric Margolis, Richard Samuels e Stephen P. Stich. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195309799.013.0018.
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The article gives an overview on the concept of individualism in cognitive science. Individualism maintains that optimal human reasoning is substantially asocial, and therefore implies that sociality does not facilitate, and may impede, reasoning. The cognitive science of morality very frequently proceeds with individualist assumptions. The individualist may allow that normal development requires sociality, but deny that optimal reasoning in mature individuals requires it. The optimal cognitive functioning is both developed and sustained through sociality. The optimal exercise of rationality is a socially embedded process. It means that sociality is not just a precondition of rationality, but that even among those with normal cognitive functioning, the optimal exercise of rationality typically occurs as part of a social process. The sociality has a significant role in substantial cognitive achievement, such as scientific and technological discovery. A large body of research indicates that motivation plays a crucial role in reasoning. The optimal human reasoning is substantially asocial, and sociality is necessary for the development of optimal reasoning. The sociality is necessary for the sustenance of optimal reasoning, and for the transmission of information. One important feature of group interactions is that they are likely to induce emotional responses. Many familiar emotions such as anger, guilt, and sympathy are characteristically triggered by cues in social interaction.
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Gray, Barbara, e Jill Purdy. Designing Multistakeholder Partnerships. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198782841.003.0005.
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Designing partnerships for success is challenging. Many partnerships succumb to collaborative inertia; that is, they experience slow progress or truncate their efforts without any tangible outcomes. Factors that contribute to such inertia include distrust, framing conflicts, identity, process, and power differences. This chapter identifies several important process design issues that partnership leaders need to consider. Eight critical tasks that interveners can undertake to shift these forces in positive directions are introduced: Convening, managing the process, visioning, intervening in large groups, conflict handling, visioning to facilitate partners’ learning, gaining buy-in back home, and institution building. Detailed advice is offered for how partners should engage in each of these tasks to steer partnerships in positive directions. Factors that motivate and block collaborative efforts at each of four phases in a partnership’s life cycle are also explored and their appropriateness for each phase of a partnership’s life cycle is assessed.
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Irina, Buga. 3 Between Stability and Change in the Law of the Sea Convention: Subsequent Practice, Treaty Modification, and Regime Interaction. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198715481.003.0003.
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The UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (LOSC) contains both explicit and implicit mechanisms to deal with the changing international environment. Subsequent practice has had a significant impact on the development of the LOSC framework and will continue to do so in the future. This chapter begins by describing the process of modification by subsequent practice in general. It then explores examples of modification in the LOSC and looks at the role of subsequent practice in the process of regime interaction between the law of the sea and other regimes. It examines alternative mechanisms that facilitate informal adaptation and regime interaction in the LOSC, therefore reducing the need for modification by subsequent practice. The final section draws some conclusions regarding the evolution of the LOSC.
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Tenhunen, Sirpa. A Village Goes Mobile. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190630270.001.0001.
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This book examines how mobile telephony contributes to social change in rural India (West Bengal, Bankura district) on the basis of long-term ethnographic fieldwork in a village before and after the introduction of mobile phones. The book investigates how mobile telephones emerged as multidimensional objects that not only enable telephone conversations, but also facilitate status aspirations, internet access, and entertainment practices. It explores how this multifaceted use of mobile phones has influenced economic, political, and social relationships, including gender relationships, and how these new social constellations relate to culture and development. The book examines social institutions as culturally constructed spheres tied to translocal processes that, nevertheless, have local meanings. The author delves into social and cultural changes to examine agency and power relationships: Who benefits from mobile telephony and how? Can people use mobile phones to further their aims to change their lives, or does phone use merely amplify existing social patterns and power relationships? Can mobile telephony induce development? Using a holistic ethnographic approach, the book develops a framework to understand how new media mediates social processes within interrelated social spheres and local hierarchies. It delves into mobile phone use as a multidimensional process with diverse impacts by exploring how media-saturated forms of interaction relate to preexisting contexts.
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Goff, Brandon J., Kevin B. Guthmiller, Jamie C. Clapp, William B. Lassiter, Morgan J. Baldridge, Sven M. Hochheimer e Margaux M. Salas. Lumbar Radiculopathy and Radicular Pain. Editado por Mehul J. Desai. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199350940.003.0017.
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Lumbar radicular pain is a significant burden for patients and is one of the most common complaints presented to spine practitioners. In the young, it is most often due to acute disc herniation, but in older patients, the onset is usually multifactorial. Most cases resolve on their own, but many patients experience recurrences. This chapter reviews a continuum of treatment options, from comprehensive physical rehabilitation to surgery. Understanding the pathophysiologic process may allow a more meaningful understanding of the development of chronic neuropathic pain of the extremity. A comprehensive history and physical examination, with findings confirmed by radiologic studies as warranted, may raise red flags early in the process and will facilitate efficient treatment of the underlying issues. An interdisciplinary approach may allow for earlier improvement and suitable treatment as needed.