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Towner, W. Sibley. "The Future of Nature". Interpretation: A Journal of Bible and Theology 50, n.º 1 (janeiro de 1996): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002096439605000104.
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Bible and biology agree: Human beings cast the biggest shadow over the future of nature. At the end of the millennium we face a choice: We can continue to overuse and exploit our ecosphere or we can exercise tender “dominion” in the world, as God's agents here.
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Kuwornu-Adjaottor, Jonathan Edward Tetteh. "critical study of the translation of Mark 1:12 in the Dangme translation of the Bible". Oguaa Journal of Religion and Human Values 5, n.º 2 (1 de dezembro de 2019): 97–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.47963/ojorhv.v5i2.1168.
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Bible translation from the Source Languages (SL) to Receptor Languages (RL) is not a straightforward exercise. The question is whether Bible translation involves interpretation. Using the mother-tongue biblical hermeneutics approach, this study sought to examine Mark 1:12 in the Dangme Bible, comparing it with the Greek. Its objective was to find out whether the translation of the Greek in Dangme kai euthus to pneuma auton ekballei eis tēn erēmon as Amlônôuuô, Mumi Klôuklôuô tsε eyi se kε ho nga a nôya (‘Immediately, The Holy Spirit pushed him by head from behind into the wilderness’) generates a new meaning. The study found out that the translation of ekballein into Dangme was a problem that confronted the translator; this was because the word implies a strong action. On the other hand, indigenous Dangme Bible readers did not understand how the Holy Spirit could “push” Jesus into the wilderness. It is being proposed that the translation of Mark 1:12 in the Dangme Bible should be Amlôô mi nôuuô, Mumiô ha nε e ho nga a nôya (Immediately the Spirit made him go into the wilderness). The study has thus added to the varied translations and interpretations of Mark 1:12.
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Lee, Hyun Soo. "Studies on the Regimen Thought of Holy Bible Focused on Physical Exercise". Journal of Sport and Leisure Studies 26 (31 de maio de 2006): 81–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.51979/kssls.2006.05.26.81.
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Musopole, A. C. "Witchcraft Terminology, the Bible, and African Christian Theology: An Exercise in Hermeneutics". Journal of Religion in Africa 23, n.º 4 (novembro de 1993): 347. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1580990.
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Musopole, A. C. "Witchcraft Terminology, the Bible, and African Christian Theology: an Exercise in Hermeneutics". Journal of Religion in Africa 23, n.º 1-4 (1993): 347–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006693x00193.
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Maust, Drew. "The Parable of the Peanut Butter Sandwich: An Exercise in Artificial Intelligence and (Pseudo-) Bible Translation". Journal of Translation 19, n.º 1 (2023): 127–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.54395/jot-pbmir.
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The public release of artificial intelligence tools such as Microsoft’s Bing Chat built on OpenAI’s generative pre-trained transformer (GPT) continues to spark extensive interest—attracting headlines, prompting important interdisciplinary questions, and posing dilemmas both ethical and methodological. The aim of this paper is to provide a sampling and temporal snapshot of AI-powered Bing’s abilities through the creation, translation, and adaptation of pseudo-biblical content. We adopt as our source text an AI-generated parable in the style of the King James Bible—here entitled “The Parable of the Peanut Butter Sandwich”—originally prompted by software developer Thomas Ptacek. For the purposes of this paper, Bing adapted the original parable into multiple versions (Nida, poem, acrostic, and French), supplied it with paratext (introduction, illustrations, and glossary), and analyzed it from the perspectives of sociologist Pierre Bourdieu and the Documentary Hypothesis. Lastly, Bing generated a sermon outline in the style of renowned orator St. John Chrysostom. We hope that subsequent studies at the nexus of artificial intelligence and Bible translation will continue to build on the Parable of the Peanut Butter Sandwich to explore both the potential and the implications of emergent technology.
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Chancey, Mark A. "The Bible, the First Amendment, and the Public Schools in Odessa, Texas". Religion and American Culture: A Journal of Interpretation 19, n.º 2 (2009): 169–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/rac.2009.19.2.169.
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AbstractBible courses in public schools are receiving a level of attention not witnessed in decades, and their increased numbers create greater potential for local conflicts and lawsuits over whether they promote religion and violate the First Amendment. Such courses are relatively understudied, and their contents and the paths by which schools decide to offer them are largely unknown. One district that has experienced both conflict and lawsuit over its Bible course is Ector County Independent School District in Odessa, Texas, where a 2005–2008 dispute pitted townspeople and national organizations against each other. This article uses the Odessa controversy as a case study to demonstrate how Bible courses provide a unique window into the confusion found at the intersection of American public education, the study of religion, and church-state relations. Drawing upon school district documents, recordings of school board meetings, journalistic accounts, legal documents, press releases, Bible curricula produced by the National Council on Bible Curriculum in Public Schools and the Bible Literacy Project, and course materials from district high schools, it traces the development of the conflict. It examines the role that appeals to the Establishment Clause and Free Exercise Clause played in the controversy, confusion over what is legally acceptable in public schools, particularly in regard to historicity issues, and the difficulty in developing a genuinely nonsectarian course. It contextualizes the Odessa debate within Christian Right efforts to influence public schools and larger American society, efforts often grounded in the claim that America is a Christian nation. Controversies such as Odessa's illustrate the tensions produced in American society by competing notions of religious freedom and American identity.
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Nemes, Steven. "On Reading the Bible as Scripture, Encountering the Church". Perichoresis 18, n.º 5 (1 de dezembro de 2020): 67–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/perc-2020-0029.
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AbstractAs an exercise in the ‘theology of disclosure’, the present essay proposes a kind of phenomenological analysis of the act of reading the Bible as Scripture with the goal of bringing to light the theoretical commitments which it implicitly demands. This sort of analysis can prove helpful for the continuing disputes among Protestants, Catholics, and Orthodox insofar as it is relevant for one of the principal points of controversy between them: namely, the relationship between Scripture, Tradition, and Church as theological authorities. It proceeds by analyzing both the objective and subjective ‘poles’ of the act, and it illuminates the presence of the Church and her Tradition on both sides. The Church—i.e., the community of God’s people—is both that which is immediately encountered in the text, as well as the factor which enables scriptural reading in the first place. The article terminates with an application of the insights of the preceding discussion to the controversy about icons.
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Van der Merwe, D. G. "The glory-motif in John 17:1-5: An exercise in Biblical semantics". Verbum et Ecclesia 23, n.º 1 (6 de setembro de 2002): 226–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/ve.v23i1.1250.
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In John 17:1-5 a Greek noun occurs once and the verb four times. They are consequently translated as ‘glory’ and ‘glorification’ in various Bible translations. This research is an attempt to determine the various perspectives and possible semantic meanings respectively of these words in order to suggest meaningful alternatives that could be used in a dynamic-equivalent or periphrastic translation. The methodology followed is: first a look at a few lexical meanings, and an investigation of the textual and theological contexts in order to help determine the basic semantic fields of these words, followed by a more detailed examination to aid a more specific interpretation.
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Kim-Cragg, HyeRan. "Preaching Addressing Environmental Crises through the Use of Scripture: An Exploration of a Practical Theological Methodology". Religions 13, n.º 3 (7 de março de 2022): 226. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel13030226.
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This article considers the critical roles of preaching in addressing the environmental crises by way of engaging with Paul Ballard’s work as a particular practical theological methodology, namely the use of Scripture. This methodological consideration is followed by highlighting the work of the Earth Bible Team, which compliments Ballard’s work. Both works are used as an example of a homiletical practice as well as a learning exercise, demonstrating how Scripture can be used as a homiletical resource of and hermeneutical source for doing practical theology with an eye to address environmental crises.
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Roskovec, Jan. "Biblický kánon a problém autority". TEOLOGICKÁ REFLEXE 29, n.º 1 (1 de setembro de 2023): 3–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/27880796.2023.1.1.
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In recent centuries, the authority of the Bible has been primarily a subject of apology. However, the Christian conception of the canon can also be an inspiration in the world in which authorities are a problem. On the one hand, after the unfortunate experience with totalitarian ideologies, we rightly resist the authoritarian usurpers of truth. On the other hand, it turns out that we cannot do without authority. Approaching the Biblical collection as a (court) dispute of witnesses corresponds to the original ancient understanding of authority as an alternative to the exercise of power.
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Worley, Peter. "CONSIDERING WHERE IS GOD IN A CORONAVIRUS WORLD? AN EXERCISE IN CRITICAL THINKING". Think 20, n.º 57 (2021): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1477175620000408.
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ABSTRACTThis article is a critical response to a short book by John C. Lennox entitled Where is God in a Coronavirus World? in which he rejects atheism as a world-view equipped to deal with an event such as the coronavirus crisis and makes a case for the Christian outlook as the best way to meet such a crisis. The aim of this article is not to affirm or deny theism, but to examine critically the key arguments put forward for Christianity and against atheism by Lennox. Because of the centrality of the appeal to free will by Lennox in his article, some time is spent considering the free will response to the problem of evil, in which some close examination of the Bible is undertaken. The article finishes by outlining a personal, humanistic, secular response to the coronavirus crisis, and addresses solace and hope, two things Lennox denies atheism can provide.
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Fortin, Ernest L. "The Bible Made Me Do It: Christianity, Science, and the Environment". Review of Politics 57, n.º 2 (1995): 197–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034670500026875.
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The blame for the environmental disaster that threatens to overtake us unless something is done to avert it is often laid at the door of the Bible and the tradition that comes out of it. Typical of this trend is Lynn White's landmark essay, “The Historical Roots of Our Ecological Crisis” (1967), which traces the West's ruthless exploitation of nature to the biblical injunction that human beings are to “subdue” the earth and exercise “dominion” over all other living things. Ironically, White's indictment all but coincided with the triumph of an older theory the object of which was to demonstrate against the Enlightenment that, far from being hostile to modern science, the glory of our civilization and the instrument of its conquest of nature, the Christian tradition was the principal agent of its emergence. Christianity would thus be simultaneously and for the same reason responsible for what is best and what is worst in the modern world. The article challenges the premise that these two theories share, namely, that modern science is a child of premodern Christian thought. It begins with a restatement of what was once the commonly accepted view of our relationship to nonhuman nature and ends with a brief account of the essential limitations of modern natural science.
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Acosta Rodríguez, Richard. "The word of God for safeguarding creation: Bible-based reflections to reestablish the God–humanity–creation covenant". Anglican Theological Review 103, n.º 2 (maio de 2021): 112–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00033286211007417.
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This article presents a reflection from the Bible to reestablish the God–humanity–creation covenant. It is a hermeneutical exercise intended to motivate Biblical interpretation in an environmental key based in diverse texts of sacred scripture. The Word of God, his Revelation, is spoken in the midst of the crisis that we are going through. It is a matter of exhortation to return to our spiritual essence and first call: to be the image and likeness of God, caretakers and stewards of the patient and loving work of his hands. It is an invitation to the responsibility that we have as Church, to be prophets in a context of planetary death, and to the praxis that is incumbent upon us as Christians.
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Weinstein, Sara, e Devorah Preiss. "Scaffolding to Promote Critical Thinking and Learner Autonomy Among Pre-Service Education Students". Journal of Education and Training 4, n.º 1 (13 de março de 2017): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jet.v4i1.9871.
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This study explored the use of a scaffolding technique in order to develop critical thinking skills and dispositions while using the infusion method of teaching critical thinking within the context of specific subject matter. Two specific skills were examined: the students were asked to compare and contrast Biblical textual stories (analysis) and then to generate abstract categories to describe the elements they had compared (evaluation). The disposition examined was the self confidence to reason independently, without teacher direction, in order to encourage learner autonomy. The study developed as action research in a teachers college Bible class, after pre-service education students complained that they were unable to compare and contrast texts on their own. In an attempt to solve this problem, the study began with a preliminary non-textual exercise involving analyzing and evaluating two everyday leisure activities. It then continued by transferring these skills to Biblical text comparisons. Findings showed that beginning the study with the scaffolding step of a non-textual exercise before moving on to text comparisons was an effective method of helping students overcome their former reluctance to autonomously compare texts without teacher intervention.
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Oegema, Albertina. "What Are These Sons Doing? Filial Agency in New Testament and Early Rabbinic Writings". Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft 113, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2022): 261–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znw-2022-0013.
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Abstract Scholarship on children and childhood in the New Testament and the Hebrew Bible increasingly uses the term “agency” for children’s actions. However, the use of this term remains undertheorized. This article offers a theoretically informed usage of the concept “agency” so as to analyze the dynamics in children’s actions. With a comparative study of Synoptic and early rabbinic parables, it is examined how a son’s agency interrelates with his father’s exercise of authority. It is also shown how the behaviour of these sons is implicitly or explicitly assessed from the adult male perspective of the head of the household. Finally, since the agency of sons frequently represents the human free will in relation to God, the article explains how the Synoptic and early rabbinic parables socialize their audiences in their correct attitude toward God.
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Gallagher, Eugene V. "Alternative Christianities". Nova Religio 17, n.º 4 (fevereiro de 2013): 5–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/nr.2014.17.4.5.
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This essay introduces the four articles in this volume by describing how the groups they address constitute “alternative Christianities.” That is, each of the groups discussed draws upon the wealth of symbolic religious capital contained primarily in the Christian scriptures while at the same proposing such innovative understandings of it that they are often considered by both their originators and the broader culture as sufficiently different as to represent distinctive alternatives to the mainstream tradition. Particularly important in the generation of such alternatives is the creative exercise of interpretive ingenuity in reading foundational scriptural texts such as the Hebrew Bible, Christian scriptures, or Mormon canon. These four articles also show how the canonization of multiple examples of religious innovation in scriptural texts retains the power to inspire new and alternative movements throughout history.
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GRANT, STEVEN M. "Presbyterians and Their Elders". Unio Cum Christo 9, n.º 2 (31 de outubro de 2023): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35285/ucc9.2.2023.art3.
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Biblical elders are spiritually mature disciples of Jesus who exercise authority over a congregation of God’s people in the manner of shepherds who exemplify the chief shepherd, Jesus Christ. The leadership of elders, as described in Scripture, is essential to the life of the church. Teaching and ruling elders are to be carefully selected based on their discipleship. Rather than providing a list of duties, the Bible describes the character of elders because who they are will determine what they do and how they do it. Elders must also be fully trained to fulfill their noble task. Given the qualities of their discipleship, elders would provide an effective voice for the church in the public square. KEYWORDS: Biblical elders, elder training, elders in public square, elders’ character, elders’ importance
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Nahon-Serfaty, Isaac. "Destination Babel". Journal of Jewish Ethics 8, n.º 1 (1 de janeiro de 2022): 111–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jjewiethi.8.1.0111.
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ABSTRACT This article proposes a contemporary reading of the Tower of Babel story. The objective is to set the foundations of an ethic of communication that considers the notion of a global community formed by those who “speak the same language.” Our analysis is a trilateral hermeneutic exercise that places the story of the Tower of Babel in the contemporary context: the narrative of the Bible, according to Chouraqui’s very literal translation from the Hebrew text, the rabbinical exegesis of the Midrash, the Talmud of Babylon and the Zohar, and the imperative of responsibility according to Hans Jonas. Alongside to Jonas’s heuristic of fear, based on futuristic projections of catastrophic scenarios, we propose a heuristic of memory that sheds light to the ethics of exile as a key notion to accept imperfect and disruptive communication in a more compassionate and collaborative way.
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Brett, Mark G., e Naomi Wolfe. "Sovereignty: Indigenous Counter-Examples". International Journal of Public Theology 14, n.º 1 (8 de maio de 2020): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15697320-12341599.
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Abstract Through assertions of ‘sovereignty’, modern nation states lay claim to an undivided authority. It is commonly suggested that this kind of political assertion superseded the overlapping authorities of medieval theological imagination. But in settler colonial states, Indigenous sovereignties endure to the present, not washed away by the ‘tide of history’, and in many cases Indigenous peoples embrace Christian identities along with traditional law and custom. The peculiar complexities of Australian history reveal many counter-examples to the conventional modernist tale, and in particular, the article seeks to show how Indigenous Christians snatched the King James Bible from Protestant doctrines of discovery. This discussion comes at an historically significant time as Australian state governments contemplate treaty making with the First Nations, each of whom exercise their own alternative model of sovereignty within local jurisdictions. This article argues that biblical theologies can support the making of modern treaties.
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Janevic, Mary R., Mary Janevic, Sheria Robinson-Lane, Susan Murphy e John Piette. "CHRONIC PAIN SELF-MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AND PREFERENCES AMONG URBAN AFRICAN AMERICAN OLDER ADULTS". Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (novembro de 2019): S70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.273.
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Abstract African American older adults experience disproportionate burden from disabling chronic pain. Pain self-management interventions for this group are most effective when they integrate culturally-relevant preferences into intervention design. In the STEPS pilot trial, we collected focus group (n=23) and survey (n=57) data from African Americans age 60+ years about pain-management practices. Participants were recruited from the community and reported pain for 3+ months, with intensity >4 (0 to 10 scale). The most frequently-used pain-management strategies were exercise (75%) and prayer/Bible reading (74%). Also commonly used were healthy eating (61%), OTC medications (65%), and herbal supplements (51%). Focus group themes provided more nuanced information, including reasons for avoiding prescription pain medications, positive experiences with topical treatments, the value of movement, and the role of social support. Findings reveal strong engagement in pain self-care in this population. Interventions can build on existing practices by incorporating spirituality and appealing options for physical activity.
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Roads, Judith. "Quaker Prophetic Language in the Seventeenth Century: A Cross-Disciplinary Case Study". Religions 9, n.º 8 (25 de julho de 2018): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel9080227.
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This paper explores three themes: (i) a short, empirical research account of the linguistic realization of seventeenth-century Quaker prophecy using digital corpus-based tools; (ii) a practical description of how those tools can be used in interdisciplinary research such as the prophecy study; and (iii) a reflective section that considers the advantages, potential richness but also challenges of embarking on an integrated piece of research that straddles established academic disciplines. The ‘prophecy’ analysis comments on the nature of prophecy from a linguistic perspective. It includes positive and negative connotations observed in the data contrasted with non-Quaker texts (including the Bible), and also how Quaker prophetic style changed during the second half of the seventeenth century. The secondary purpose of the paper is to demonstrate the value of departing from traditional, well-established approaches in a discipline such as religion. Quaker studies scholars are familiar with the exercise of grappling with unfamiliar approaches, concepts and specialist vocabulary in order to learn about new insights that they might not otherwise encounter. The present quantitative-based study of Quaker prophesying is a fresh attempt to bring new life to this aspect of historical Quaker writings.
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Weisberg, Alexander M., e Ariel Evan Mayse. "As the Deep River Rises". Worldviews: Global Religions, Culture, and Ecology 26, n.º 1-2 (26 de novembro de 2021): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15685357-20211008.
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Abstract The present essay seeks to offer a conceptual framework for grappling with climate change from within the sources of Jewish law (halakhah), a discourse rooted in the Hebrew Bible but developed in the rabbinic literature of Late Antiquity and then in medieval and modern codes and commentaries. Halakhah reflects deeply-held intellectual, theological, ontological, and sociological values. As a modus vivendi, rabbinic law—variously interpreted by Jews of different stripes—remains a vital force that shapes the life of contemporary practitioners. We are interested in how a variety of contemporary scholars, theologians, and activists might use the full range of rabbinic legal sources—and their philosophical, jurisprudential, and moral values—to construct an alternative environmental ethic founded in a worldview rooted in obligation and a matrix of kinship relationships. Our essay is thus an exercise in decolonizing knowledge by moving beyond the search for environmental keywords or ready analogies to contemporary western discourse. We join the voices of recent scholars who have sought to revise regnant assumptions about how religious traditions should be read and interpreted with an eye to formulating constructive ethics.
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Gilpin, W. Clark. "Building the “Wall of Separation”: Construction Zone for Historians". Church History 79, n.º 4 (26 de novembro de 2010): 871–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640710001071.
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The argument of Mark deWolfe Howe's The Garden and the Wilderness turned on the contrast Howe drew between two uses of a single phrase: “wall of separation.” Thomas Jefferson used the phrase in 1802, in a letter to the Danbury Baptist Association: “I contemplate with sovereign reverence that act of the whole American people which declared that their legislature should ‘make no law respecting an establishment of religion or prohibiting the free exercise thereof,’ thus building a wall of separation between church and state.” More than a century and a half earlier, in 1644, the colonial advocate of religious freedom Roger Williams had employed the same phrase in a letter to his theological opponent, the Reverend John Cotton of Boston. According to Williams's reading of the Bible, the people of God—Jews and Christians—were “separate from the world,” and, “when they have opened a gap in the hedge or wall of separation between the garden of the church and the wilderness of the world, God hath ever broke down the wall itself, removed the candlestick, and made His garden a wilderness, as at this day. And that therefore if He will ever please to restore His garden and paradise again, it must of necessity be walled in peculiarly unto Himself from the world; and that all that shall be saved out of the world are to be transplanted out of the wilderness of the world, and added unto his church or garden.”
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Cole, Richard. "When Gods Become Bureaucrats". Harvard Theological Review 113, n.º 2 (abril de 2020): 186–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816020000048.
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AbstractEven gods are not always above bureaucracy. Societies very different from each other have entertained the idea that the heavens might be arranged much like an earthly bureaucracy, or that mythological beings might exercise their power in a way that makes them resembles bureaucrats. The best-known case is the Chinese “celestial bureaucracy,” but the idea is also found in (to take nearly random examples) Ancient Near Eastern cosmology, the Hebrew Bible, Late Antiquity, and modern popular culture. The primary sources discussed in this essay pertain to an area of history where bureaucracy was historically underdeveloped, namely medieval Scandinavia. Beginning with the Glavendrup runestone from the 900s, I examine a way of thinking about divine power that seems blissfully bureaucracy-free. Moving forwards in time to Adam of Bremen’s description of the temple at Uppsala (1040s–1070s), I find traces of a tentative, half-formed bureaucracy in the fading embers of Scandinavian paganism. In the 1220s, well into the Christian era, I find Snorri Sturluson concocting a version of Old Norse myth which proposes a novel resolution between the non-bureaucratic origins of his mythological corpus and the burgeoning bureacratization of High Medieval Norway. Although my focus is on medieval Scandinavia, transhistorical comparisons are frequently drawn with mythological bureaucrats from other times and places. In closing, I synthesise this comparative material with historical and anthropological theories of the relationship between bureaucracy and the divine.
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Houston, Fleur. "Reformation: a Two-edged Sword in the Cause of the Ministry of Women". Feminist Theology 26, n.º 1 (22 de agosto de 2017): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0966735017711870.
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When Martin Luther mounted an attack on the industry of Indulgences, he affirmed key Reformation principles: human beings are saved by God’s grace alone and the priesthood of all the baptised gives all followers of Christ equal status. This was in conformity with an earlier generation of reformers who saw the Bible as ultimate authority and witnessed to biblical truth against corruption. The logical consequence of this should have been the enabling of women who were so disposed to exercise a theological vocation. In practice, the resulting rupture in religious and social life often affected women for the worse. Educational formation and leadership opportunities were restricted by the closure of convents. While the trade guilds, with their tightly regulated social systems, did not allow scope for women who transgressed normative expectations, their suppression was not necessarily liberating for women. The new social model of the home replaced that of convent and guild and marriage was exalted in place of celibacy. Changes in devotional practice involved loss and gain. Women who did not conform to the domestic norm were treated at best with misogyny and female prophets of the radical Reformation paid for their convictions with their lives. In education, leadership, piety and radical social challenge, women’s options were restricted. However, the key Reformation principles ultimately enabled the development of women’s ministry which was marked by the ordination of Constance Todd 400 years later.
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Ward, W. R. "Pastoral Office and the General Priesthood in the Great Awakening". Studies in Church History 26 (1989): 303–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400011013.
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Whatever Luther may have said about the priesthood of all believers, it took more than a century and a half for the idea to receive full-scale treatment, and Spener, who achieved this during his time as Senior of Frankfurt (1660-86), approached the goal indirectly through editing Arndt’s sermons (1675). To catch the public eye he republished the introduction separately later in the year under the title Pia Desideria, or heartfelt desires for an improvement of the true evangelical church pleasing to God, with some Christian proposals to that end. With a dedication to all the overseers and pastors of the evangelical church it was now a deliberately programmatic writing. In this tract Spener castigated every class of society for their responsibility for the lamentable state of the Church, making suggestions for improved clerical training and preaching, which might have been made at any period of Church history. The real sting came in an explicit appeal to Luther on how best to realize the priesthood of all behevers. To spread the word of God more richly among the people there should be private gatherings under clerical leadership for the exchange of views and Bible study; more radically, there should be private gatherings for the exercise of the obligations of the general spritual priesthood. The faithful should teach, warn, convert, edify each other. These gatherings should be cells for the renewal of the Church. They would also enable Spener, the expert catechist, to drive home his conviction that Christianity was a way of life, learnt by doing.
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Thompson, Spencer Paul. "The Commodified Christ and the Economics of Jubilee". Kenarchy Journal 1 (maio de 2020): 85–141. http://dx.doi.org/10.62950/vzwpl17.
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Spencer Thompson’s article is this Volume’s long read. The basic premise of this paper is that economics and theology cannot be separated: what we believe about God is inextricable from how we organise our material affairs. Specifically, the paper argues that the prevailing economic system and the prevailing theological system are both subsystems of empire, for both are predicated on the fiction that life is essentially a commodity, an object to be owned, traded, and consumed. This fiction extends to nature, work, and money, and ultimately to Christ himself, whose life was supposedly exchanged as payment to a debt-collecting God. While the fiction of commodification has no intrinsic reality, it is reified and deified by the system itself, leading to the systematic destruction of life through the exercise of empire. While the Church has often struggled to distinguish fact from fiction, this paper shows that the Bible is a story of resisting the false god of commodification, often represented by actual deities, and discovering a radically different God, along with a radically different economics. Jubilee – the Mosaic institution of periodically cancelling debts, freeing slaves, and reversing land transactions – is central to this progression, for it exposes the fiction of commodification and points to Jesus as the embodiment of the alternative, true reality, that of eternal life. The paper suggests that the Coronavirus pandemic, set within an ongoing transformation in economy and theology, provides an opportunity to uncover this alternative reality, as exemplified by initiatives like community land trusts, local currencies, and social cooperatives.
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Nisa, Hana Theresya, Ahmad Muhid e Eko Heriyanto. "Desmond Doss' Biblical Determination to Defend His Faith in The Hacksaw Ridge Movie". Philosophica: Jurnal Bahasa, Sastra, dan Budaya 5, n.º 2 (31 de dezembro de 2022): 59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35473/po.v5i2.1530.
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The film is one of the innovations of drama literary works. There are various types of films. One of them is an action movie that includes war and military action. This type of film is usually famous for bloodshed. Hacksaw Ridge Movie is just the opposite. The main character in this film is a medic soldier who is against killing or touching weapons. This character is the son of a former World War I corporal and a devout Adventist Christian. A devout Christian knows God's word and works on it. It is including the commandments that God said in the Torah. One of God's commands in the Torah in Exodus 20:13 (King James Version) is “Thou shalt not kill.” Bible says that a person who believes in God must be able to faithfully exercise his faith because God is faithful. The main character in this film has the determination to be faithful to his faith. The purpose of this study is to find evidence in the form of data relating to what makes the main character in this film decide not to kill, how he maintains his faith, and what effect he gets from his decision. In conducting this research, the writer uses descriptive methods with data collection are include literature study, observation, and note-taking. The collected data is then analyzed and presented qualitatively. The result showed that the writer found two data which became the strongest reason for the main character not to kill; nine pieces of data that prove how the main character fights for his faith; and eight data that prove the effects of the main character's determination. From this film, the writer can conclude that, if a person has true faith, he should work on that faith faithfully.
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Botha, Maricel. "Four female Khoisan language translators across three centuries of Cape history: a morphogenetic analysis". Journal for Translation Studies in Africa 4 (2023): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.38140/jtsa.4.6896.
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Female translators are highly atypical in South African colonial history. Yet four important female translators appear on the scene who, interestingly, all translated or interpreted into or from Khoesan languages. Therefore, apart from their marginalised position as women, these translators are also linked to marginalised languages. These translators are Krotoa, a Khoe interpreter employed by colonial administrator Jan van Riebeeck, Zara Schmelen, a Nama mission assistant and Bible translator, and Lucy Lloyd and Dorothea Bleek, so-called Bushman researchers and relatives of the famous philologist Wilhelm Bleek. This article is interested in the ways in which the work of these early female translators expressed social conditioning and in the characteristics of their agency within a restrictive social space. The hindering and enabling factors involved in these women’s practice of translation and interpreting is analysed and particular attention is paid to the ideological characteristics of their work. In the analysis of the social characteristics of translation, Margaret Archer’s morphogenetic approach is employed. Archer’s approach involves an investigation of structure, culture and agency and the ways in which these contribute to cycles of social change (morphogenesis) or maintenance (morphostasis). With regard to agency, the analysis is guided by Archer’s terms primary agency (which results from social rank), corporate agency (which results from social organisation) and social actorship (which results from the unification of personal identity with social roles). The research finds that chance and male sanctioning were present in these women’s involvement in translation, but that a strong exercise of agency was present which was personally motivated. Agency involved no organisation, however, and neither sought nor achieved social change. Yet, three of the four translators were able to achieve social actorship, whereby their role as translators was successfully united with their personal identity.
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Botha, Maricel. "Four female Khoesan language translators across three centuries of Cape history: A morphogenetic analysis". Journal for Translation Studies in Africa 4 (27 de fevereiro de 2023): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.38140/jtsa.v4i.6896.
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Female translators are highly atypical in South African colonial history. Yet four important female translators appear on the scene who, interestingly, all translated or interpreted into or from Khoesan languages. Therefore, apart from their marginalised position as women, these translators are also linked to marginalised languages. These translators are Krotoa, a Khoe interpreter employed by colonial administrator Jan van Riebeeck, Zara Schmelen, a Nama mission assistant and Bible translator, and Lucy Lloyd and Dorothea Bleek, so-called Bushman researchers and relatives of the famous philologist Wilhelm Bleek. This article is interested in the ways in which the work of these early female translators expressed social conditioning and in the characteristics of their agency within a restrictive social space. The hindering and enabling factors involved in these women’s practice of translation and interpreting is analysed and particular attention is paid to the ideological characteristics of their work. In the analysis of the social characteristics of translation, Margaret Archer’s morphogenetic approach is employed. Archer’s approach involves an investigation of structure, culture and agency and the ways in which these contribute to cycles of social change (morphogenesis) or maintenance (morphostasis). With regard to agency, the analysis is guided by Archer’s terms primary agency (which results from social rank), corporate agency (which results from social organisation) and social actorship (which results from the unification of personal identity with social roles). The research finds that chance and male sanctioning were present in these women’s involvement in translation, but that a strong exercise of agency was present which was personally motivated. Agency involved no organisation, however, and neither sought nor achieved social change. Yet, three of the four translators were able to achieve social actorship, whereby their role as translators was successfully united with their personal identity.
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Mercer, Kelly E., Adrianna Maurer, Lindsay M. Pack, Kikumi Ono-Moore, Beverly J. Spray, Caitlin Campbell, Carol J. Chandler et al. "Exercise training and diet-induced weight loss increase markers of hepatic bile acid (BA) synthesis and reduce serum total BA concentrations in obese women". American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 320, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 2021): E864—E873. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00644.2020.
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Exercise and weight loss in previously sedentary, insulin-resistant women facilitates a significant improvement in insulin sensitivity and fitness that may be linked to changes in bile acid metabolism. Diet-induced weight loss plus exercise-induced increases in fitness promote greater postabsorptive bile acid synthesis while also sensitizing the bile acid metabolic system to feedback inhibition during a glucose challenge when glucose and insulin are elevated.
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Alonso, Nerea, Gunter Almer, Maria Donatella Semeraro, Giovanny Rodriguez-Blanco, Günter Fauler, Ines Anders, Gerald Ritter et al. "Impact of High-Fat Diet and Exercise on Bone and Bile Acid Metabolism in Rats". Nutrients 16, n.º 11 (2 de junho de 2024): 1744. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16111744.
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Bile acids help facilitate intestinal lipid absorption and have endocrine activity in glucose, lipid and bone metabolism. Obesity and exercise influence bile acid metabolism and have opposite effects in bone. This study investigates if regular exercise helps mitigate the adverse effects of obesity on bone, potentially by reversing alterations in bile acid metabolism. Four-month-old female Sprague Dawley rats either received a high-fat diet (HFD) or a chow-based standard diet (lean controls). During the 10-month study period, half of the animals performed 30 min of running at moderate speed on five consecutive days followed by two days of rest. The other half was kept inactive (inactive controls). At the study’s end, bone quality was assessed by microcomputed tomography and biomechanical testing. Bile acids were measured in serum and stool. HFD feeding was related to reduced trabecular (−33%, p = 1.14 × 10−7) and cortical (−21%, p = 2.9 × 10−8) bone mass and lowered femoral stiffness (12–41%, p = 0.005). Furthermore, the HFD decreased total bile acids in serum (−37%, p = 1.0 × 10−6) but increased bile acids in stool (+2-fold, p = 7.3 × 10−9). These quantitative effects were accompanied by changes in the relative abundance of individual bile acids. The concentration of serum bile acids correlated positively with all cortical bone parameters (r = 0.593–0.708), whilst stool levels showed inverse correlations at the cortical (r = −0.651–−0.805) and trabecular level (r = −0.656–−0.750). Exercise improved some trabecular and cortical bone quality parameters (+11–31%, p = 0.043 to 0.001) in lean controls but failed to revert the bone loss related to the HFD. Similarly, changes in bile acid metabolism were not mitigated by exercise. Prolonged HFD consumption induced quantitative and qualitative alterations in bile acid metabolism, accompanied by bone loss. Tight correlations between bile acids and structural indices of bone quality support further functional analyses on the potential role of bile acids in bone metabolism. Regular moderate exercise improved trabecular and cortical bone quality in lean controls but failed in mitigating the effects related to the HFD in bone and bile acid metabolism.
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Latour, Martin G., Antoine Brault, Pierre-Michel Huet e Jean-Marc Lavoie. "Effects of acute physical exercise on hepatocyte volume and function in rat". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 276, n.º 5 (1 de maio de 1999): R1258—R1264. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1999.276.5.r1258.
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The goal of the present experiment was to measure the volume of the different compartments in liver of exercised rats and to get some insights into the appropriate working of the hepatic function following exercise. Hence, livers from male rats were isolated and perfused after treadmill exercise or rest. This procedure was performed on rats that were overnight semifasted (50% food restriction) or well fed. To evaluate the hepatocyte cell volume, the multiple-indicator dilution curve technique was used after 40 min of perfusion. Radioactive tracers for red blood cells, sucrose, and water were used to measure liver vascular space, liver interstitial space, and water cellular space, respectively. The hepatocyte function was assessed by taurocholate and propanolol clearance. Oxygen consumption, intrahepatic resistance, bile secretion, and lactate dehydrogenase release estimated liver viability. Liver viability and hepatocyte function were not changed following exercise either in the fed or in the semifasted animals. As expected, liver glycogen levels were significantly ( P < 0.01) reduced in the food-restricted rats. Consequently, liver glycogen levels following exercise were decreased significantly ( P < 0.01) only in the fed rats. Despite this, exercise decreased the hepatocyte water space in both food-restricted and fed groups (∼15%; P < 0.01) without altering the sinusoidal and interstitial space. The present data show that acute exercise decreased the hepatocyte volume and that this volume change is not entirely linked to a decrease in hepatic glycogen level.
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Wilund, Kenneth R., Laura A. Feeney, Emily J. Tomayko, Hae R. Chung e Kijin Kim. "Endurance exercise training reduces gallstone development in mice". Journal of Applied Physiology 104, n.º 3 (março de 2008): 761–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.01292.2007.
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Gallstones form when the ratio of bile cholesterol to bile acids and phospholipids is elevated, causing cholesterol to precipitate. Physical inactivity is hypothesized to increase gallstone development, but experimental evidence supporting this is lacking, and potential mechanisms for the antilithogenic effects of exercise have not been described. The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of endurance exercise training on gallstone formation and the expression of genes involved in bile cholesterol metabolism in gallstone-sensitive (C57L/J) mice. At 10 wk, 50 male mice began a lithogenic diet and were randomly assigned to an exercise-training (EX) or sedentary (SED) group ( n = 25 per group). Mice in the EX group ran on a treadmill at ∼15 m/min for 45 min/day for 12 wk. At the time animals were euthanized, gallstones were collected, pooled by group, and weighed. The weight of the gallstones was 2.5-fold greater in the SED mice compared with EX mice (143 vs. 57 mg, respectively). In the EX mice, hepatic expression of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLr), scavenger receptor class B type 1 (SRB1), and sterol 27 hydroxylase (Cyp27) was increased by ∼2-fold ( P < 0.05 for each). The LDLr and SRB1 increase cholesterol clearance by low-density lipoprotein and high-density lipoprotein particles, respectively, while Cyp27 promotes the catabolism of cholesterol to bile acids. Taken together, these data indicate that exercise promotes changes in hepatic gene expression that increase cholesterol uptake by the liver but simultaneously increase the catabolism of cholesterol to bile acids, effectively reducing cholesterol saturation in the bile. This suggests a mechanism by which exercise improves cholesterol clearance from the circulation while simultaneously inhibiting gallstone formation.
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Dickerson, Dennis C. "Encountering the Bible from Subaltern Sources". Church History 92, n.º 2 (junho de 2023): 384–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009640723001348.
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Mark A. Noll's insightful and comprehensive survey of the Bible as foundational to American history skillfully nuances this contested topic. While some might describe the United States as a Bible republic, Noll, in stunningly dense detail and documentation, correctly calls the nation a Bible civilization. In drawing this crucial distinction, Noll demonstrates that the Bible and Biblical literacy underlay discourse about politics, culture, and citizenship while at the same time he shows that religious neutrality was enshrined as a national norm in not privileging in the civic sphere one religion over another. After the “proprietary” churches that once exercised disproportionate influence in the public square yielded to a competitive religious marketplace, Methodists emerged in buttressing the body politic through the power of private piety. This disengagement from overt public involvements—a signature attribute of Wesleyan whites—paralleled what the American Bible Society designed in maintaining Biblical primacy in the life of the nation. Distribution of scriptures, especially on the expanding frontier, without doctrinal note or denominational advocacy would sustain the Bible as a glue holding together the American polis and sustaining this body of scriptures as “America's book.”
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Kramer, Kenneth P. "Writing Your Own Scripture?" Horizons 12, n.º 2 (1985): 349–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0360966900035039.
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AbstractIs it possible to write contemporary scripture? This discussion highlights the pedagogical value not only of teaching with primary resource materials, but also of having students creatively rewrite sacred texts. First, I discuss the purpose of a religious studies journal, and then provide some practical guidelines for journal-keeping along with suggestions for grading them. Secondly, I focus upon one type of creative journal exercise—rewriting sacred texts. In response to Ira Progoff s statements that we can create the Bibles of the world anew by recording images drawn up from our depth consciousness, I encourage students to write scripture-styled passages which deepen their appreciation for and understanding of sacred texts. To conclude, I provide six sample creative journal exercises, one from each of the sacred texts read in my Eastern Religions classes, along with several student responses.
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Teeter, D. Andrew. "On “Exegetical Function” in Rewritten Scripture: Inner-Biblical Exegesis and the Abram/Ravens Narrative inJubilees". Harvard Theological Review 106, n.º 4 (outubro de 2013): 373–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0017816013000217.
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While no consensus obtains among specialists as to what the term “rewritten Bible” (or “rewritten Scripture”) properly denotes—or whether, indeed, it is proper to use at all—most agree that the texts thought to represent this category are basically exegetical in character. That is, they are supposed to have as their aim or goal the interpretation of texts that are now part of the Hebrew Bible. At the same time, it is universally recognized that the authors of so-called rewritten Bible compositions exercised a substantial degree of freedom in their retelling. They clearly had their own interests, motives, and aims, distinct from those of the biblical narrative. These interests (sometimes characterized as “ideological” in nature), in turn, determine the structure or literary shape of their work, including such basic elements as character, plot, scope, and narrative voice. Thus, while it is constitutive for the genre or category that such works mainly follow the sequence and wording of the biblical text, they are not—and cannot be—identical to the latter in compositional form. Every rewritten Bible composition is defined by its own retelling strategy or program.
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Zendrato, Marhaenita. "TANTANGAN DAN STRATEGI PELAYANAN ANAK DI ERA PASCAMODERN". Jurnal Amanat Agung 16, n.º 2 (25 de julho de 2021): 41–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.47754/jaa.v16i2.488.
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Abstract: Children ministry nowadays faces challenges both from inside and outside church. This article focuses on the external challenges, namely the postmodern influence on the paradigm of the generation Z and what the church can do to respond. Some challenges in as well as opportunities for the ministry of the generation Z include the center on technology and media, the rising of new morality that set asides the value of an absolute truth, the emphasis on experience and not only on fact, and lastly, the rejection of authority or figures with authority and the appreciation for personality that is real, authentic, and trustworthy. In the face of these challenges, this article proposes several thoughts to be considered by the church for its children ministry in current context, namely: first, including children in the common worship, together with the adult congregations, as a means of nurturing the children’s’ faith. Secondly, in preaching, the children minister needs to exercise open approach Bible study, not close one, where children are led to ponder and discover from the biblical narratives truths and values for their personal lives. Lastly, to encourage and equip both parents to regain roles that God has designed for them, to actively participate in the spiritual formation of their children.
Keywords: children ministry, worldview, generation Z.
Abstrak: Pelayanan anak dewasa ini mendapatkan tantangan baik dari dalam maupun dari luar gereja. Artikel ini secara khusus menyoroti tantangan dari luar, yaitu pengaruh pascamodernisme terhadap paradigma generasi Z dan apa yang dapat gereja lakukan dalam meresponinya. Beberapa tantangan yang sekaligus dapat menjadi peluang bagi pelayanan kepada generasi Z adalah: adanya pemusatan pada teknologi dan media, munculnya moralitas baru yang menggeser nilai kebenaran absolut, penekanan pada pengalaman dan bukan hanya fakta, dan terakhir adalah penolakan pada otoritas atau figur otoritatif dan apresiasi pada pribadi yang real, otentik, dan dapat dipercaya. Berhadapan dengan tantangan demikian, beberapa hal yang perlu dipertimbangkan oleh gereja dalam melakukan pelayanan anak dalam konteks kekinian yang diusulkan dalam artikel ini antara lain: pertama, melibatkan anak-anak dalam ibadah bersama dengan jemaat dewasa sebagai salah satu bentuk pengasuhan iman anak. Kedua, dalam hal pemberitaan firman, pelayan anak perlu menerapkan sistem studi Alkitab yang terbuka bukan yang tertutup, di mana anak dituntun untuk memikirkan dan menemukan kebenaran serta nilai-nilai pribadi mereka sendiri dari kisah-kisah Alkitab. Terakhir, mendorong serta memperlengkapi orang tua, yaitu ayah dan ibu untuk kembali kepada peran yang Allah rancang bagi para orang tua untuk berperan aktif dalam pembentukan spiritual anak-anaknya.
Kata-kata kunci: pelayanan anak, pandangan dunia (worldview), generasi Z.
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Hagio, Masahito, Megumi Matsumoto, Takaji Yajima, Hiroshi Hara e Satoshi Ishizuka. "Voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary lactose concomitantly reduce proportion of secondary bile acids in rat feces". Journal of Applied Physiology 109, n.º 3 (setembro de 2010): 663–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00777.2009.
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According to epidemiologic studies, a negative correlation exists between exercise amount and subsequent cancer development risk in the large intestine. The proportion of secondary bile acids (SBA) in the large intestine is related to subsequent risk for colorectal carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of voluntary wheel running exercise and dietary intervention on bile acid (BA) metabolism in the large intestine. Wistar/ST rats (6 wk old) were divided into two groups, exercise and sedentary, after acclimation. Four days after the animals were assigned to a group, rats in each group were fed diets supplemented with different carbohydrate sources including dextrin, sucrose, and lactose. The wheel running period was 4 wk in the exercise group, whereas rats in the sedentary group remained in individual cages during this period. BA composition in collected feces was analyzed with ultraperformance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. We found that wheel running exercise decreased plasma concentrations of cholesterol, triglyceride, and free fatty acids. These decreases were accompanied by a reduction in the proportion of SBA to primary BA (PBA) in feces; however, daily excretion of BA was comparable regardless of wheel running exercise. In addition, ingestion of lactose decreased the SBA-to-PBA ratio and suppressed production of hyodeoxycholic acid in feces. In conclusion, voluntary wheel running exercise, in combination with dietary intervention, could independently reduce the SBA-to-PBA ratio within the large intestine without changing BA excretion. These changes may contribute to the prevention of colorectal carcinogenesis.
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Gottschalk, Johannes. "Sustainable e-learning for theologians in hard-to-reach areas: The Bible Online Learner App". HIPHIL Novum 5, n.º 2 (1 de agosto de 2019): 159–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hn.v5i2.142744.
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Madagascar is ranked at 154 on the human development index. During the dry period, it is hit by daily blackouts. Internet connections are poor. This makes e-learning difficult. My paper will present a possible solution to this problem: I will present a technical solution of how to realize e-learning systems for theologians in hard-to-reach areas by using Raspberry Pi mini-computers as servers and explain why so-called progressive web apps, which are single page-apps are now suitable for this approach; rather I will show how a client-server solution with a Raspberry Pi Server hosting an Emdros database of the Hebrew Bible and a native Android App, written in Java can provide Bible Online Learner Network Kits. The Raspberry Pis are set up as servers in independent computer networks, which do not rely on an internet connection and which are mobile access points. These servers handle the backend code, have the logic to create random exercises for the Bible OL App and send this information via a JSON string to the client app, realized as an Android app written in Java. For this client-side development I paid special attention to the challenges of computer illiterate students. I solved these challenges by using picture-based logins. As a result I developed the design für the Bible Online Learner App and the Bible Online Network Kit, which works with power banks as uninterruptable power supplies as well as a solar power kit, which enables e-learning in hard-to-reach areas in Africa even during the dry season.
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Amphoux, Christian. "Les manuscrits du Nouveau Testament. Du livre à la parole". Études théologiques et religieuses 67, n.º 3 (1992): 345–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ether.1992.3203.
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On se demande parfois si l’étude littérale du texte de la Bible, nécessaire pour celui qui en prépare l’édition, n’est pas un exercice trop austère pour sortir des mains des spécialistes. Après un rappel des principaux manuscrits qui nous font connaître les Evangiles depuis l’Antiquité et l’examen de quelques variantes, Christian Amphoux montre au contraire que, dans toutes ces variantes, l’on trouve de la vie : ainsi le Livre devient Parole.
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Jones, Mitchell Lawrence, Hongmei Chen, Wei Ouyang, Terrence Metz e Satya Prakash. "Microencapsulated Genetically EngineeredLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) for Bile Acid Deconjugation and Its Implication in Lowering Cholesterol". Journal of Biomedicine and Biotechnology 2004, n.º 1 (2004): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s1110724304307011.
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Cholesterol is known to be a major risk factor for coronary heart disease (CHD). Current treatments for elevated blood cholesterol include dietary management, regular exercise, and drug therapy with fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and statins. Such therapies, however, are often suboptimal and carry a risk for serious side effects. This study shows that microencapsulatedLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) cells can efficiently break down and remove bile acids, and establishes a basis for their use in lowering blood serum cholesterol. Results show that microencapsulated LP80 (pCBH1) is able to effectively break down the conjugated bile acids glycodeoxycholic acid (GDCA) and taurodeoxycholic acid (TDCA) with bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activities of 0.19 and 0.08μmol DCA/mg CDW/h respectively. This article also summarizes the physiological interrelationship between bile acids and cholesterol and predicts the oral doses of microencapsulatedLactobacillus plantarum80 (pCBH1) cells required for lowering cholesterol.
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Raharjo, Richo Ryanto, Veronika Maria Sidharta e Cyprianus Murtono. "The Effect of Aerobic Exercise against D-galactose and AlCl3-induced Hepatosteatosis in Mus Musculus C57BL/6J". Journal of Medical and Health Studies 2, n.º 2 (3 de dezembro de 2021): 130–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jmhs.2021.2.2.15.
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In the 21st century, sedentary habits and consumption of caramelized food packed in aluminium foil made the oxidative state on the body. There are differences in opinions about aerobic exercise and its effects on inflammation and oxidative stress. This research aims to compare the liver histologic pattern between the group which was given aerobic exercise and not given after being induced with D-galactose and AlCl3. .: This research used an experimental method using two groups of Mus musculus C57BL/ which was injected with D-galactose (90 mg/kg body weight) and AlCl3 (40 mg/kg body weight). The control group was only injected with those substances. The aerobic group was intervened with swimming for 30 minutes each day (6 days a week). After being sacrificed, HE staining was done in the liver specimens to evaluate the bile duct proliferation and steatosis changes. There were significant differences in biliary duct proliferation (p = 0.043) and steatosis changes (p = 0.043) in an aerobic group compared to the control group. Aerobic exercise which was conducted 30 minutes for 6 days a week showed more bile duct proliferation and increased steatosis changes.
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Diniz, Frei Gonçalo Pereira. "Teologia Moral Fundamental A questão da permanência, universalidade e aplicabilidade dos preceitos morais da Sagrada Escritura". Via Spiritus: Revista de História da Espiritualidade e do Sentimento Religioso, n.º 30 (2023): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21747/0873-1233/spi30v2.
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In this article we focus on the delicate issue of the interpretation and concrete application of the moral exhortations and regulations present in Sacred Scripture. The Bible, in its moral dimension, requires special exegetical and hermeneutical care. Through biblical exegesis, texts are interpreted in the literary, cultural and religious context of the time and place in which they were written. Through hermeneutics, in turn, we seek to discover and discern what the biblical text teaches us today, what light and guidance it brings to readers/believers in the face of their current problems.When one intends to make a “moral use” of the Bible, care and discretion must be exercised. There is a moral evolution from the Old Testament to the New Testament according to a divine pedagogy. Adultery, for example, was condemned in the Old Testament with the penalty of stoning. Jesus continues to condemn adultery from a moral point of view, but the cruel punishment provided for in the Torah (“Law”) becomes unacceptable in the light of the Christian spirit. Mercy overcomes legal judgment (John 8:1-11). The more concrete biblical moral norms are, the more carefully they must be interpreted and applied. In this regard, it is very useful to keep in mind the document of the Pontifical Biblical Commission, dated April 15, 1993: “The interpretation of the Bible in the Church”. This document presents two fundamental interpretation criteria: the updating criterion and the inculturation criterion. This way, fundamentalism is avoided and the evangelical spirit is preserved. And here we come to the core message: it is essential to read and interpret the Bible with a Christian perspective. Jesus Christ is the key to reading all of Holy Scripture.
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Shanmugam, Harshitha, Emilio Molina Molina, Domenica Maria Di Palo, Maria Felicia Faienza, Agostino Di Ciaula, Gabriella Garruti, David Q. H. Wang e Piero Portincasa. "Physical Activity Modulating Lipid Metabolism in Gallbladder Diseases". Journal of Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases 29, n.º 1 (13 de março de 2020): 99–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.15403/jgld-544.
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Physical activity encompasses a series of overall benefits on cardiovascular health and metabolic disorders. Research has recently focused on the hepatobiliary tract, as an additional target of the health-related outcomes of different types of physical exercise. Here, we focus on the global features of physical activity with respect to exercise modality and intensity, and on studies linking physical activity to lipid metabolism, gallbladder diseases (gallstones, symptoms, complications and health-related quality of life), gallbladder motor-function, enterohepatic circulation of bile acids, and systemic metabolic inflammation. Additional studies need to unravel the pathophysiological mechanisms involved in both beneficial and harmful effects of physical activity in populations with different metabolic conditions.
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Ngo Sock, Emilienne Tudor, Zahra Farahnak e Jean-Marc Lavoie. "Exercise training decreases gene expression of endo- and xeno-sensors in rat small intestine". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 39, n.º 10 (outubro de 2014): 1098–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/apnm-2013-0573.
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The purpose of the study was to test the hypothesis that gene expression of members of the nuclear receptor (NR) superfamily known to act as endo- and xeno-sensors is reduced in the ileum of exercise-trained (Tr) rats. Healthy female rats were either treadmill-trained for 8 weeks, 5 times/week, or remained sedentary (Sed). Training resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) decrease in plasma free fatty acid (0.18 ± 0.01 to 0.15 ± 0.01 mmol/L) and glycerol (24.8 ± 0.8 to 18.7 ± 0.8 mg/L) concentrations. Gene expressions of NRs farnesoid X receptor (FXR; p < 0.05), liver X receptor (LXR; p < 0.05), pregnane X receptor (PXR; p < 0.01), and retinoid X receptor (RXR; p < 0.06) were reduced in the ileum of Tr compared with Sed animals. Tr was also associated with a reduction (p < 0.05) in gene expression of FXR downstream heterodimeric organite solute transporters α (OSTα) and β (OSTβ) involved in the transport of bile acids, LXR downstream genes heterodimeric ATP-binding cassette transporters (ABCG5/G8) involved in transport of absorbed cholesterol back to the lumen, and Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 (NPC1L1) involved in cholesterol absorption. These data indicate that exercise training lowers the expression of molecules involved in the defense system of the ileum against endobiotic and xenobiotic insults under normal conditions, thus, suggesting that regular exercise contributes to the intestinal maintenance of cholesterol and bile acid homeostasis.
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Villa, J., M. Almar, P. Collado, E. Llamazares e J. González-Gallego. "Impairment of Bile Secretion Induced by Exhaustive Exercise in the Rat". International Journal of Sports Medicine 14, n.º 04 (maio de 1993): 179–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-2007-1021160.
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Galinkin, Erick. "Review of The Geometry of Uncertainty by Fabio Cuzzolin". ACM SIGACT News 53, n.º 2 (10 de junho de 2022): 11–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3544979.3544983.
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The Geometry of Uncertainty is unlike any book on mathematics and computer science I've ever read. It's certainly not a textbook in the traditional sense - there are no exercises, and very little is presented as the "right way" to do something. In many ways, The Geometry of Uncertainty is like a survey paper: it critically analyzes decades of research and while some of the author's preferences are reflected, many perspectives are presented with little direct guidance about which approach ought to be favored. People have long used the phrase "The Bible of X" to describe the most well-known or well-respected text in a field. However, calling The Geometry of Uncertainty "The Bible of Evidence Theory" is truly apt in the sense that you come into the book with questions, and you leave the book with parables, historical insight, and a whole host of new, better informed questions. Truly, the book is not merely an introduction to belief function theory, it is instead a truly comprehensive view of an entire field of study from its conception up to the most bleeding edge research.
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Presby, David M., L. Allyson Checkley, Matthew R. Jackman, Janine A. Higgins, Kenneth L. Jones, Erin D. Giles, Julie A. Houck et al. "Regular exercise potentiates energetically expensive hepatic de novo lipogenesis during early weight regain". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 317, n.º 5 (1 de novembro de 2019): R684—R695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00074.2019.
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Exercise is a potent facilitator of long-term weight loss maintenance (WLM), whereby it decreases appetite and increases energy expenditure beyond the cost of the exercise bout. We have previously shown that exercise may amplify energy expenditure through energetically expensive nutrient deposition. Therefore, we investigated the effect of exercise on hepatic de novo lipogenesis (DNL) during WLM and relapse to obesity. Obese rats were calorically restricted with (EX) or without (SED) treadmill exercise (1 h/day, 6 days/wk, 15 m/min) to induce and maintain weight loss. After 6 wk of WLM, subsets of WLM-SED and WLM-EX rats were allowed ad libitum access to food for 1 day to promote relapse (REL). An energy gap-matched group of sedentary, relapsing rats (REL-GM) were provided a diet matched to the positive energy imbalance of the REL-EX rats. During relapse, exercise increased enrichment of hepatic DN-derived lipids and induced hepatic molecular adaptations favoring DNL compared with the gap-matched controls. In the liver, compared with both REL-SED and REL-GM rats, REL-EX rats had lower hepatic expression of genes required for cholesterol biosynthesis; greater hepatic expression of genes that mediate very low-density lipoprotein synthesis and secretion; and greater mRNA expression of Cyp27a1, which encodes an enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of bile acids. Altogether, these data provide compelling evidence that the liver has an active role in exercise-mediated potentiation of energy expenditure during early relapse.