Bibliografias temáticas / Ewes Nutrition

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Literatura científica selecionada sobre o tema "Ewes Nutrition"

Autor: Grafiati
Publicado: 4 de junho de 2021
Última modificação: 28 de janeiro de 2023

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Artigos de revistas sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Kenyon, P. R., S. J. Pain, P. G. Hutton, C. M. C. Jenkinson, S. T. Morris, S. W. Peterson e H. T. Blair. "Effects of twin-bearing ewe nutritional treatments on ewe and lamb performance to weaning". Animal Production Science 51, n.º 5 (2011): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10184.

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Nutrition of the ewe at various stages of pregnancy is known to affect ewe and offspring performance. However, little is known regarding the potential interactions among differing maternal nutrition regimens in early and mid–late pregnancy. The objective of the present study was to examine the effects and potential interactions of three pastoral nutritional treatments from Day 21 of pregnancy (P21) to P50 (Sub-maintenanceP21–50 (total liveweight change achieved, SMP21-50, –0.15 ± 0.02 kg/day) v. MaintenanceP21–50 (MP21-50,–0.02 ± 0.02 kg/day) v. Ad libitumP21–50 (AdP21-50,0.15 ± 0.02 kg/day) and two pastoral nutritional treatments from P50 to P139 [MaintenanceP50–139 (designed to match change in conceptus mass, total liveweight change achieved, 0.19 ± 0.01 kg/day) v. Ad libitumP50–139 (0.26 ± 0.01 kg/day)] on 382 twin-bearing ewes and their offspring until 91 days after the mid-point of lambing (L91). Ewe liveweight and condition scores in pregnancy and lactation, and lamb liveweights, indices of colostrum uptake and survival were recorded. There were no interactions between nutritional periods for lamb liveweight, apparent colostrum intake and survival, and ewe liveweight, condition score and total weight of lamb per ewe at the end of the study. At L91, ewe nutritional treatment during P21–50 or P50–139 had no effect on either ewe liveweight or body condition score. Ewe nutritional treatment during P21–50 had no effect on lamb birthweight. Lambs born to AdP50–139 ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than those born to MP50–139 ewes (5.32 ± 0.04 v. 5.48 ± 0.04 kg, respectively). Ewe nutritional treatment during P21–50 or P50–139 had no (P > 0.05) effect on indices of colostrum uptake in lambs at 24–36 h of age. At L91, ewe nutritional treatment during P21–50 or P50–139 had no effect on lamb liveweight, survival or total weight of lamb per ewe. In conclusion, although considerable differences in ewe liveweight were observed during pregnancy, the nutritional treatments had no effect on the production parameters measured at the end of the study. These results indicate, first, that farmers can use early pregnancy as a period to control ewe nutrition when ewes are offered at least pregnancy maintenance levels of nutrition in the mid–late pregnancy period and, second, that there is no advantage from offering twin-bearing ewes a level of nutrition above their pregnancy maintenance requirements in mid–late pregnancy.
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2

Young, J. M., R. Behrendt, M. Curnow, C. M. Oldham e A. N. Thompson. "Economic value of pregnancy scanning and optimum nutritional management of dry, single- and twin-bearing Merino ewes". Animal Production Science 56, n.º 4 (2016): 669. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an15202.

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The nutritional requirements of twin-bearing ewes are ~25% greater than those of ewes with single fetuses during late pregnancy and nearly twice those of non-pregnant ewes. Underfeeding ewes, resulting in liveweight loss during late pregnancy, can have adverse effects on the production and survival of both the lamb and the ewe, and improving twin-lamb survival is critical to improving the overall reproductive performance of the National Merino flock. Scanning for pregnancy status and litter size allows for more precise management of the nutrition of the ewe flock according to the different nutritional needs of dry, single- and twin-bearing ewes. In the present paper, we tested the hypothesis that it is profitable to identify pregnancy status and litter size, and the optimum nutrition profiles are different for dry, single- and twin-bearing ewes. We tested this by examining a range of nutrition strategies for flocks where only the dry ewes were identified, or for flocks where the single- and twin-bearing ewes were identified. A MIDAS model set up for the Hamilton region in south-western Victoria was used for this analysis as it represents the whole flock and it includes a powerful feed-budgeting module that optimises animal and pasture management across the whole farm. The survival and production of the single- and twin-born progeny was adjusted on the basis of the liveweight profile of the single- and twin-bearing ewes. Our hypothesis was supported and profitability was increased by approximately AU$4630/farm or AU$0.80/ewe, by scanning ewes for pregnancy status and litter size, and the optimum liveweight profiles were different for dry, single- and twin-bearing ewes. The majority of the increase in profit was due to identifying litter size and being able to differentially manage the single- and twin-bearing ewes. When ewes are scanned for pregnancy status and litter size, the most profitable combination of profiles involves all ewes losing 4 kg in early pregnancy and single-bearing ewes regaining the 4 kg to lamb at their standard reference weight, twin-bearing ewes gaining 8 kg to lamb above their standard reference weight and dry ewes losing a further 4 kg to be 8 kg lighter than their standard reference weight at lambing time.
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Thompson, A. N., M. B. Ferguson, D. J. Gordon, G. A. Kearney, C. M. Oldham e B. L. Paganoni. "Improving the nutrition of Merino ewes during pregnancy increases the fleece weight and reduces the fibre diameter of their progeny's wool during their lifetime and these effects can be predicted from the ewe's liveweight profile". Animal Production Science 51, n.º 9 (2011): 794. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an10161.

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Nutrition of ewes during pregnancy can have permanent impacts on the production potential of their progeny. The hypothesis tested in the experiments reported in this paper was that improving the nutrition of Merino ewes during pregnancy and lactation increases the fleece weight and reduces the fibre diameter of their progeny’s wool during their lifetime. In addition, that these effects on the progeny’s wool production can be predicted from the ewe’s liveweight profile. At sites in Victoria and Western Australia in each of 2 years, a wide range in the liveweight and condition score profiles of Merino ewes was generated by varying the amount of supplements fed from joining to Day 100 of pregnancy and the amount of feed on offer grazed from Day 100 to weaning. The site in Victoria was based on perennial pastures and included both single- and twin-bearing ewes whereas the site in Western Australia was based on annual pastures and included single-bearing ewes only. The production and characteristics of wool from the progeny were measured until 51 months of age at the site in Victoria and 33 months of age at the site in Western Australia. The nutritional treatments and the resulting changes in ewe liveweight had significant impacts on the fleece weight and to a lesser extent the fibre diameter of wool produced by their progeny, but there were no consistent effects on other characteristics of progeny fleece wool. The fleece weight of the progeny was related to the liveweight change during pregnancy of their mothers (P < 0.05) and the relationships were similar for the two experiments at each site. At the site in Victoria, a loss of 10 kg in ewe liveweight between joining and Day 100 of pregnancy reduced fleece weight by ~0.2 kg at each shearing until 51 months of age whereas gaining 10 kg from Day 100 of pregnancy to lambing had the opposite effect. The effect of changes in ewe liveweight during late pregnancy on the fleece weight of their progeny at each shearing was of similar magnitude at the site in Western Australia. When evident, the effect of the ewe liveweight profile on the fibre diameter of progeny wool was opposite to the effect on clean fleece weight and the effect of poor nutrition in early to mid pregnancy could be completely overcome by improving nutrition during late pregnancy. Twin-born and reared progeny produced ~0.3 kg less clean wool at each shearing (P < 0.001) that was 0.3-μm broader (P < 0.001) than that from single-born progeny at the site in Victoria. However, the effects of varying ewe nutrition and ewe liveweight change during pregnancy on fleece weight and fibre diameter of progeny wool were similar (P > 0.05) for both single- and twin-born or reared progeny. Overall, these results supported our hypothesis and it is clear that the nutritional management of Merino ewes during pregnancy is important for optimal wool production from their progeny during their lifetime.
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Kenyon, P. R., R. A. Corner-Thomas, S. W. Peterson, S. J. Pain e H. T. Blair. "Pregnancy nutrition does not influence lamb liveweight in developmentally programmed ewes". Animal Production Science 54, n.º 9 (2014): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an14217.

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In sheep, maternal nutrition can affect the offspring’s milk production at its first lactation and the grand-offspring’s liveweight to weaning. However, this apparent developmental programming effect on milk production and grand-offspring liveweight has not persisted. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to determine if nutrition of the programmed ewe in mid- to late pregnancy affected this response. Developmentally programmed ewes (G1) that had been born from dams (G0) offered submaintenance, maintenance or ad libitum feeding levels from Day 21 to Day 50 of pregnancy and then either pregnancy maintenance or ad libitum to Day 140 were used for this study. These ewes were offered one of two pastoral-based pregnancy nutritional treatments (controlled vs unrestricted) from Day 76 of pregnancy until lambing. Pre- and post-herbage masses of the unrestricted treatment (2181 ± 47.6 and 1431 ± 24.6 kg DM/ha, respectively), were greater (P < 0.05) than the controlled treatment (1164 ± 31.6 and 819 ± 16.0 kg DM/ha, respectively). At Day 71 of pregnancy, there were no differences (P > 0.05) in G1 liveweight (70.2 ± 0.8 vs 70.3 ± 0.8 kg for controlled and unrestricted feeding, respectively), or body condition scores (2.5 ± 0.06 vs 2.5 ± 0.05) between pregnancy nutritional treatments. In late pregnancy, unrestricted G1 ewes were heavier (P < 0.05, 97.4 ± 1.0 vs 86.8 ± 1.0 kg) and had greater (P < 0.05) body condition scores (3.4 ± 0.06 vs 2.5 ± 0.06) and back-fat depths (8.0 ± 0.3 vs 5.9 ± 0.03 mm) than controlled nutritional treatment ewes. There were no interactions (P > 0.05) between grand-dam feeding levels and ewe nutritional treatment on lamb (G2) liveweights at birth or in lactation. This indicates that under the conditions of the present study, nutrition of the G1 ewe did not affect the expression of the developmental programming effect. Further studies might be warranted to determine the causes of this inconsistency in grand-offspring liveweight. Nutrition of the G1 ewe had a minor effect (P < 0.05) on G2 lamb birthweight and liveweight in early lactation but not (P > 0.05) in late lactation or on lamb survival. These findings indicate there is no little to no benefit to the lamb until weaning from offering ewes pre- and post-grazing masses above ~1200 and 800 kg DM/ha, respectively, in mid- to late pregnancy.
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5

Jenkinson, C. M. C., A. K. Earl, P. R. Kenyon e H. T. Blair. "Effects of maternal nutrition during pregnancy on fetal growth and maternal constraint in sheep". Animal Production Science 52, n.º 7 (2012): 524. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an11245.

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This study set out to determine the stage of gestation at which maternal constraint on fetal growth occurs and whether pregnancy nutritional level could alleviate that constraint. One-hundred and thirty-eight Cheviot (C) and 114 Suffolk (S) ewes were split into two groups and bred with either 12 S or 12 C rams to generate four ewe/fetal groups CC (C dam and C sire), CSinC (crossbred fetus in C ewe), CSinS, and SS. At Day 21 of pregnancy (P21), half of the ewes in each of the four groups were randomly allocated to either a maintenance (M) or ad libitum (A) nutritional treatment, under pastoral grazing conditions. At P100, a subgroup of singleton-bearing ewes including ewes from all four groups (n = 55 in total) were euthanised (Study 1). Maternal, placental and fetal weights and sizes were recorded. The remaining ewes were fed to appetite from P140 and were allowed to lamb (n = 114 in total, Study 2) and lamb liveweights were recorded within 12 h of birth and at average days 30 and 100 (L30, L100) of lactation. In both studies, M ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than A ewes, and CC and CSinC ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than CSinS and SS ewes. In Study 1, maternal nutritional treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on fetal bodyweight although fetuses from A ewes had heavier (P < 0.05) livers, spleens and thyroids than fetuses from M ewes. CC and CSinC fetuses were lighter (P < 0.01) than both CSinS and SS fetuses. In Study 2, lambs born to M ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) at birth and at L100 than lambs born to A ewes. CC lambs were lighter (P < 0.01) than CSinC, CSinS and SS lambs at birth. At L30 and L100, CC lambs were lighter (P < 0.05) than CSinC lambs, which, in turn, were lighter (P < 0.05) than both CSinS and SS lambs, which did not differ (P > 0.05). Combined, these studies indicate that maternal nutrition may have little impact on singleton-offspring development until late gestation while, in contrast, dam size affected fetal size by the end of the second trimester. These data suggest that the C ewe constrains the growth of the crossbred fetus well before a ‘physical’ constraint would be expected.
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Parr, R. A., A. H. Williams, I. P. Campbell, G. F. Witcombe e A. M. Roberts. "Low nutrition of ewes in early pregnancy and the residual effect on the offspring". Journal of Agricultural Science 106, n.º 1 (fevereiro de 1986): 81–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021859600061773.

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SUMMARYMature Merino ewes (n = 500) were allotted at random to embryo removal (day 35; day 0 = day of oestrus detection), foetal removal (day 90) or lambing groups. These groups were further randomly divided into four single-sire mating groups. From day 1 until day 35 ewes were individually penned and fed either 50 or 150% of a maintenance ration (0·5 M or 1·5 M respectively). At day 35 single embryos were removed from anaesthetized ewes in the embryo removal group and all other ewes were endoscoped to confirm pregnancy. These ewes were then returned to pasture. Plasma samples were taken from all ewes on days 2, 4, 16, 23, 30 and 35 for analysis of glucose concentration. At day 90, ewes allotted to the foetal removal group were anaesthetized and plasma samples were obtained from the ewe's jugular vein and the umbilical arteryand vein. Ewes were then hysterectomized and the foetus was weighed and measured. Functional cotyledons were dissected from the uterus and chorio-allantois and all tissues were weighed. The remaining ewes (lambing group) were supervised at lambing and lambs were identified, weighed and measured.Live-weight changes from weaning and wool production and quality were measured in ewe and ram lambs at their first shearing (11 months of age). Ovulation rates in the first two oestrous seasons of the ewes and wool production at their second shearing (2 years of age) were also measured.During the 35-day treatment period, mean live-weight changes of ewes were –4·9 and + 1·8 kg in the 0·5 M and 1·5 M groups respectively. Pregnancy rates were similar in both groups but embryos from 0·5 M ewes weighed less than those from 1·5 M ewes (1·7 ± 0·04 ν. 1·9 ± 0·05 g; P < 0·005). Foetuses taken at 90 days from 0·5 M ewes were smaller than those from 1·5 M ewes but these differences reached significance (P < 0·025) only in the measurement of chin–crown length (8·0 ± 0·09 ν. 7·6 ± 0·11 cm). Correlations between foetal weight and total cotyledon weight, chorio-allantoic weight and empty uterine weight were all significant. Plasma glucose concentrations of ewes in the 0·5 M group were significantly (P < 0·001) reduced by day 9. Differences between the two nutrition groups in maternal and umbilical plasma glucose concentrations at day 90 were not significant, though foetuses from 0·5 M and 1·5 M ewes removed a mean of 30 and 11% respectively of available glucose from the umbilical vein. Differences in live weight between 1·5 M and 0·5 M animals at weaning and in the post-weaning period were not significant (P > 0·05). Wool production and woolquality were similar for both groups. Spontaneous ovulation rates measured on four occasions during the postpubertal oestrous season and on three occasions the following year were not significant (P > 0·05). Treatment with pregnant mare's serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) increased ovulation rates in the ewes of both groups; however, the differences failed to reach significance (P > 0·05); mean (± S.e.) ovulations per ewe were 4·8 ± 0·61 ν. 4·6 ± 0·60 for 1·5 M and 0·5 M group ewes respectively.
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Kenyon, P. R., R. E. Hickson, P. G. Hutton, S. T. Morris, K. J. Stafford e D. M. West. "Effect of twin-bearing ewe body condition score and late pregnancy nutrition on lamb performance". Animal Production Science 52, n.º 7 (2012): 483. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an12085.

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This study aimed to investigate the effects of ewe body condition score and nutrition on twin-bearing ewes and their offspring. At maximum Day 112 of pregnancy (range 96–112 days), 185 twin-bearing ewes were allocated to either a ‘Medium’ or ‘ad libitum’ (Adlib) feeding treatment for the following 25 days (P112–P136). Each feeding treatment included ewes of body condition score: 2.0 (CS2.0, Medium n = 32, Adlib n = 28), CS2.5 (Medium n = 31, Adlib n = 33) or CS3.0 (Medium n = 30, Adlib n = 31). After P136 ewes were offered Adlib feeding conditions. Medium treatment ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than Adlib ewes at P136 and P142 and displayed lower (P < 0.05) body condition score at P136 and back-fat depths at P142. CS2.0 ewes had lower (P < 0.05) liveweights and body condition score at P112, P136 and P142 than CS2.5 ewes, which in turn had lower (P < 0.05) liveweight and body condition scores than CS3.0 ewes. Ewe feeding treatment had no effect (P > 0.05) on lamb liveweight or apparent colostrum intake. Ewe body condition score had no effect (P > 0.05) on lamb birthweight or apparent colostrum intake. Lambs born to CS2.0 ewes had greater (P < 0.05) survival than lambs born to CS2.5 ewes. At the end of the study lambs born to CS2.0 ewes were lighter (P < 0.05) than those born to CS2.5 and CS3.0 ewes although, there was (P > 0.05) no effect of condition score on total litter liveweight. In conclusion, these results suggest twin-bearing ewes of body condition 2.0–3.0 can be offered restricted feeding levels to at least Day 136 of pregnancy with few implications for their lambs.
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Gunn, R. G., A. J. F. Russel e E. Barthram. "A note on the effect of nutrition during mid pregnancy on lamb production of primiparous ewes in high body condition at mating". Animal Science 43, n.º 1 (agosto de 1986): 175–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s000335610001847x.

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Mid-Pregnancy nutrition has been shown to have both positive and negative effects on lamb birth weight in primiparous Scottish Blackface ewes. The direction of the effect depends on the level of body condition at mating, being negative in ewes in high body condition (Russel, Foot, White and Davies, 1981). In the same study, it was argued that the effect in younger ewes could be due to their greater sensitivity to both under- and over-nutrition during the earlier to mid stages of their first pregnancy than is evident in older ewes. Russel et al. (1981) also suggested that the level of mid-pregnancy nutrition is likely to have effects on other aspects of production such as embryonic loss, foetal mortality and even ewe mortality.
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Corner, R. A., P. R. Kenyon, K. J. Stafford, D. M. West, N. Lopez-Villalobos, S. T. Morris e M. H. Oliver. "Effect of nutrition from mid to late pregnancy on the performance of twin- and triplet-bearing ewes and their lambs". Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 48, n.º 5 (2008): 666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea07033.

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This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of two different feeding levels on ewes during mid and late pregnancy on lamb birthweight and growth to weaning. Twin- and triplet-bearing Romney ewes (n = 80 and 56, respectively) were allocated to one of two feeding regimes and provided pastures with an average sward height of less than 2 cm (~700 kg dry matter/ha) or greater than 4 cm (~1300 kg dry matter/ha). Ewes were allocated to these feeding regimes during mid pregnancy (day 70–107 of pregnancy; P70–P107) and were reallocated in late pregnancy (P108–P147). This resulted in four sward height treatments: 2–2, 2–4, 4–2 and 4–4. During mid pregnancy, ewes provided with >4-cm-high swards had liveweight gains of 262–290 g/day compared with 12–31 g/day for ewes provided with <2-cm-high swards. In late pregnancy, ewe liveweight gains were influenced by the ewes’ previous nutritional treatment. Ewes in the 2–4 treatment had higher daily gains (538 g/day) than 4–4 ewes (343 g/day). In addition, 4–2 ewes gained 90 g/day compared with 247 g/day for 2–2 ewes. Throughout pregnancy, triplet-bearing ewes were heavier (P < 0.05) than twin-bearing ewes, but during lactation ewe weights were similar. On P130, ewes provided with <2-cm-high swards (4–2 and 2–2) had greater β-hydroxybutyrate (P < 0.05) and lower glucose (P < 0.05) plasma concentrations than ewes provided with >4-cm-high swards (2–4 and 4–4). On P139, however, ewes provided with 4–4 swards had higher plasma non-esterified fatty acid and β-hydroxybutyrate concentrations than ewes in all other treatments. Lambs born to ewes in the 4–4 treatment had the greatest birthweights (P < 0.05), whereas lambs born to 2–2 ewes had the lowest birthweights. The birthweight of lambs born to 2–4 ewes was similar to that of lambs born to ewes provided with 4–2 and 4–4 swards. At weaning, ewe weights were similar between ewe nutritional treatments and ewes bearing twin or triplet fetuses. These findings suggest that when pasture growth is inadequate to provide pasture sward heights of 4 cm throughout pregnancy, restricted intake in mid-pregnancy may be partially compensated by providing additional pasture in late pregnancy.
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Behrendt, R., J. E. Hocking Edwards, D. Gordon, M. Hyder, M. Kelly, F. Cameron, J. Byron, M. Raeside, G. Kearney e A. N. Thompson. "Offering maternal composite ewes higher levels of nutrition from mid-pregnancy to lambing results in predictable increases in birthweight, survival and weaning weight of their lambs". Animal Production Science 59, n.º 10 (2019): 1906. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/an18505.

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Management of nutrition during pregnancy for maternal composite ewes has the potential to improve lamb production and survival in prime lamb production systems but existing condition score (CS) guidelines developed for Merinos may not be appropriate for the optimum production of maternal ewes. To address this, three replicated experiments were conducted at two research sites in Victoria and one in Western Australia. Ewes (781–800 per site) were allocated to four CS treatments following pregnancy scanning (~Day 50) and differentially fed to reach approximate targets of CS 2.4, 2.8, 3.2 and 3.6 by lambing. Single and multiple bearing ewes grazed together, and nutritional treatments were applied until the end of lambing after which ewes and lambs were aggregated into management groups containing all treatments. At lambing, maternal ewe liveweight had a range between treatments of 13.7–19.1 kg (average 16.4 kg) and CS varied by 1.1–1.5 of a CS (average 1.24). Across site analysis indicated that lamb birthweight and weaning weight increased with application of higher CS treatments (P &lt; 0.001). There was also an improvement in survival of multiple born lambs with increasing CS at lambing (P &lt; 0.001). Birthweight was significantly related to survival (P &lt; 0.001) at all sites with no significant effect of birth type on lamb survival. Changes in birthweight and weaning weight could be predicted from ewe joining liveweight, ewe liveweight change to Day 90 and ewe liveweight change Day 90 to lambing. The coefficients derived for each of these effects were similar to those found in previous experiments examining Merino and crossbred Border Leicester Merino ewes. The optimum CS targets for multiple bearing maternal composite ewes may be higher than the industry recommended target for Merino ewes based on advantages in lamb survival and weaning weight.
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Mais fontes

Teses / dissertações sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Nottle, Mark Brenton. "Short-term nutrition and its effect on ovulation in the ewe". Title page, table of contents and summary only, 1988. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phn921.pdf.

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Partington, Elizabeth Claire. "Influence of nutrition on parasitism in periparturient dairy ewes". Thesis, Open University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.418468.

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Kiyma, Zekeriya. "Effects of feed restriction and dietary oil supplementation on reproduction in sheep". Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=888862061&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Kleemann, D. O. "A study of factors affecting embryonic, fetal and lamb survival in high fecundity merino ewes". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1994. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk638.pdf.

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Bibliography : leaves 120-133. Defines the sources of reproductive wastage in FecB FecÊ Booroola Merino x South Australian Merino ewes and examines factors associated with the survival of embryos, fetuses and lambs with the aim of improving net reproduction efficiency. Experiments were conducted to define the problem; to examine factors affecting embryonic and fetal loss; and, to investigate factors influencing wastage at lambing.
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Janse, van Rensburg Ariena. "The effect of different protein supplements on the production economics and nematode resilience of merino ewes". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2002. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05272008-140021/.

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Kakar, Muhammad Azam. "Effect of peri-conceptional feed intake on early embryo development and fetal growth in the Merino ewe /". Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2003. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ANP/09anpk138.pdf.

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Viñoles, Gil Carolina. "Effect of nutrition on follicle development and ovulation rate in the ewe /". Uppsala : Dept. of Clinical Chemistry, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/v165.pdf.

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Handford, David. "The effect of dietary protein source on the metabolism and performance of ewes in late pregnancy and early lactation". Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369033.

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Daly, Fiona Frances Margaret. "The effect of diet on the nutrition and production of merino ewes in the arid shrublands of Western Australia". Thesis, Curtin University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/570.

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For the Arid Shrublands of Western Australia (WA) knowledge is limited on what sheep eat and how nutritious their diets are. A study was undertaken on two stations near Yalgoo (28º18’S 116º38’E) in WA, from November 2005 to December 2007. Station 1 (28º39’S 116º18’E) used a flexible rotational grazing management system (RGS), moving 3000-4000 Merino sheep every 3 – 6 weeks through a choice of 20 paddocks. Station 2 (28º18’S 116º42’E) used a flexible continuous grazing management system where small mobs (500 sheep) stayed in paddocks all year, until shearing. Two paddocks on Station 2 were chosen to represent paddocks with high (CGS-G) and low (CGS-P) feed value.A total of 300 Merino hogget (18 months old) ewes were randomly selected from the stations. One hundred and fifty sheep from each station were selected and separated into three mobs of 50 sheep by stratifying live weights. The selected sheep were allocated to either of the two paddocks on Station 2 or the single rotating mob on Station 1. Therefore there were a total of 100 sheep, 50 from each station, on each of the two paddocks on Station 2 and the one rotating mob on Station 1.Throughout the study period sheep live weights, body condition scores (BCS) and wool production were measured and related to plant photosynthetic activity (derived from Normalised Difference Vegetation Index - NDVI), and dietary energy, protein and digestibility (determined from faecal NIRS calibrations). A DNA reference data bank of some common native plant species was established and then used as a library to identify plant species in sheep faeces and thus provide information on variations in diet composition over the study period. Plant nutritional content was also measured and compared to climatic changes and sheep nutrition.Over the study period Merino ewe live weights, wool production, faecal samples and native plant leaf material were collected and analysed from each of the three management treatments (RGS, CGS-G, CGS-P). Wool production measurements included wool length, strength and fibre diameter, including position of breaks, minimum and maximum diameter along the staple of midside samples. Oven dried plant and faecal samples were ground and subsequently analysed for proximate composition. Plant samples were further analysed for mineral contents and 24 h in vitro gas production (GP) using the rumen buffer gas fermentation technique. Organic matter digestibility (OMD) and metabolisable energy (ME) content of the plants were determined using 24 h net gas production. Faecal near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (fNIRS) calibrations, developed by Curtin University of Technology and ChemCentre WA, were used to predict the nutritional attributes of sheep diets.Sheep production was found to be affected by rainfall, seasons, management and differing blood lines. In 2006, live weights, BCS and wool fibre diameter increased in response to high summer rainfall. Lower rainfall in 2007 resulted in variable, but generally less animal production with lower live weights, BCS and wool fibre diameter. Management decisions to avoid mating in 2006 on CGS; and agistment for sheep on RGS at the end of 2006 resulted in better sheep production results. Sheep originally sourced from Station 2 generally had higher live weights than sheep sourced from Station 1, suggesting a difference in bloodlines.Faecal DNA provided useful information regarding diet selection and diversity of sheep grazing on the Arid Shrublands of WA. Of the species that were DNA profiled, the sheep ate Acacia saligna, Aristida contorta, Atriplex spp., Enchylaena tomentosa, Frankenia sp., Ptilotus obovatus, Rhagodia eremaea and Scaevola spinescens in 2006 whilst in 2007; the sheep consumed A. saligna, A. contorta, Atriplex spp., Eremophila forrestii, Enneapogon caerulescens, Frankenia spp., Maireana spp., Ptilotus obovatus, Rhagodia eremaea, Solanum lasiophyllum and Stipa elegantissima. However, there were 28 amplified bands in 2006 and 51 in 2007 that did not conclusively match any of the reference plant species. This indicates that the sheep were consuming diets that contained more species than what was analysed in this study. Faecal DNA results indicated a decrease in the diversity of the diets selected by the sheep during summer, which coincided with a decrease in animal production.Native plants were found to be low in OMD and ME, but high in crude protein (CP), and variable in mineral content. Sheep were able to select diets adequate in OMD, ME and CP for maintenance requirements, and low in tannins and phenolics, although continuous drought conditions resulted in reduced production, indicating that the sheep were not getting adequate nutrition to meet their growth requirements. The use of fNIRS provided more useful information about the quality of the diet of the sheep than nutritionally profiling individual plants. NDVI was found to be related to dietary OMD and wool fibre diameter changes along the staple.Overall, the effects of management seemed to be secondary to the effects of climate on sheep production and nutrition. The statistical accuracy of results was low; however, the use of advanced technologies to explore relationships between climate, plant nutritional profiles and animal production and nutrition has provided an expansion of knowledge of sheep nutrition in the region. This extra knowledge may help land owners in the region to make more sustainable management decisions concerning livestock management and grazing pressures on native pastures.
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Black, Heather Jayne. "Effects of shearing and its interaction with plane of nutrition on the performance of housed pregnant ewes and fattening lambs". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.335345.

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Livros sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Carty, John. Some nutritional and disease prevention measures affecting lamb production. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1997.

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2

Grane, Catrina H. Mc. A Comparison of Silage Types and Saved Forages for Pregnant Ewes. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1999.

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3

O'Donnell, A. The effects of diet and exogenous progesterone on pregnant and lactating ewe performance. Dublin: University College Dublin, 1998.

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4

United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Nominations of Milton J. Hertz and Ewen M. Wilson: Hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, firs session on the nominations of Milton J. Hertz of North Dakota, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation, and Dr. Ewen M. Wilson, of Virginia to be an assistant secretary of Agriculture ... June 30, 1987. Washington, [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1987.

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United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry. Nominations of Milton J. Hertz and Ewen M. Wilson: Hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, first session on the nominations of Milton J. Hertz of North Dakota, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation, and Dr. Ewen M. Wilson, of Virginia to be an assistant secretary of Agriculture ... June 30, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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6

United, States Congress Senate Committee on Agriculture Nutrition and Forestry. Nominations of Milton J. Hertz and Ewen M. Wilson: Hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, first session on the nominations of Milton J. Hertz of North Dakota, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation, and Dr. Ewen M. Wilson, of Virginia to be an assistant secretary of Agriculture ... June 30, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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7

(Editor), G. Pulina, e R. Bencini (Editor), eds. Dairy Sheep Nutrition. CABI, 2005.

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8

West, Kathryn S. Effects of differential ewe body condition at mating and early post-mating nutrition on embryo survival. 1990.

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9

Court, Jane, Sue Hides e John Webb-Ware, eds. Sheep Farming for Meat and Wool. CSIRO Publishing, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/9780643101333.

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Sheep Farming for Meat and Wool contains practical, up-to-date information on sheep production and management for producers throughout temperate Australia. It is based on research and extension projects conducted over many years by the Department of Primary Industries and its predecessors and the University of Melbourne. The book covers business management, pasture growth and management, nutrition and feed management, drought management, reproductive management, disease management, genetic improvement, animal welfare and working dog health. It also gives seasonal reminders for a spring lambing wool-producing flock, for autumn lambing Merino ewes joined to Border Leicester rams, and for winter lambing crossbred ewes joined to terminal sires. It will guide new and established farmers, students of agriculture and service providers with detailed information on the why and how of sheep production, and will assist farmer groups to initiate activities aimed at increasing their efficiency in specific areas of sheep production.
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10

Nominations of Milton J. Hertz and Ewen M. Wilson: Hearing before the Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, United States Senate, One Hundredth Congress, first session on the nominations of Milton J. Hertz of North Dakota, to be a member of the Board of Directors of the Commodity Credit Corporation, and Dr. Ewen M. Wilson, of Virginia to be an assistant secretary of Agriculture, and to be a member of the Board of Directions of the Commodity Credit Corporation June 30, 1987. Washington, [D.C.]: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

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Capítulos de livros sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Cavalcanti, L. F. L., I. Borges, F. A. Souza, G. L. Macedo Júnior e L. O. Tedeschi. "The development of the gravid uterus of Santa Inês ewes and ewe lambs under two nutritional planes". In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 113–14. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_29.

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2

Chay-Canul, A. J., J. C. Ku-Vera, A. J. Ayala-Burgos, M. L. Chizzotti, J. G. Magana-Monforte e L. O. Tedeschi. "Effect of metabolizable energy intake on energy partitioning into muscle and fat in Pelibuey ewes". In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 105–6. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_25.

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3

Espinoza-Hernández, J. C., A. J. Ayala-Burgos, C. F. Aguilar-Pérez, J. G. Magaña-Monforte e J. G. Ku-Vera. "Milk yield and composition, and efficiency of utilization of metabolisable energy for lactation by Pelibuey ewes". In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 123–24. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_34.

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4

McCoard, S., F. Sales, N. Wards, Q. Sciascia, M. Oliver, J. Koolaard e D. van der Linden. "Intravenous administration of arginine to twin-bearing ewes enhances birth weight and peri-renal fat stores of female offspring in sheep". In Energy and protein metabolism and nutrition in sustainable animal production, 405–6. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-781-3_146.

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5

Al-Sabbagh, Tareq. "Colostral IgG As Affected By Nutritional Status for Border Leicester Merino Ewes Delivered in Kuwait". In Science, Policy and Politics of Modern Agricultural System, 239–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-7957-0_16.

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6

ROBINSON, J. J. "ENERGY AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF THE EWE". In Recent Advances in Animal Nutrition, 187–204. Elsevier, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-01163-2.50017-5.

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ROBINSON, J. J. "ENERGY AND PROTEIN REQUIREMENTS OF THE EWE". In Recent Developments in Ruminant Nutrition – 2, 365–82. Elsevier, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-01164-9.50025-x.

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8

Robinson, J. J. "Nutritional requirements of the pregnant and lactating ewe". In Genetics of Reproduction in Sheep, 361–70. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-407-00302-6.50038-6.

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Trabalhos de conferências sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Sánchez-Valencia, F., A. J. Chay-Canul, R. A. García-Herrera, M. Ptáček, A. Piñeiro-Vazquez e F. Casanova-Lugo. "Relationship of body condition score and fat depots and in Pelibuey ewes". In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_157.

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2

Rashid, M. R., M. A. Hanafy, W. M. Ghoneem, M. Jean Bart e H. Archimède. "Response of lactating Blackbelly ewes to feed: Leucaena leucocephala leaves or alfalfa with/without green banana fruits". In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_57.

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3

Lunesu, M. F., A. S. Atzori, C. Manca, A. Marzano, F. Correddu, A. Fenu, G. C. Bomboi e A. Cannas. "Effects of dietary starch and fiber concentration on post-prandial evolution of blood metabolites and hormones in lactating ewes and goats". In 6th EAAP International Symposium on Energy and Protein Metabolism and Nutrition. The Netherlands: Wageningen Academic Publishers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/978-90-8686-891-9_73.

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Relatórios de organizações sobre o assunto "Ewes Nutrition"

1

Boisclair, Yves R., Alan W. Bell e Avi Shamay. Regulation and Action of Leptin in Pregnant and Lactating Dairy Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, julho de 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7586465.bard.

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The original project had four specific objectives: (1) To complete the development of a radioimmunoassay for bovine leptin; (2) To characterize the leptin system in lactating dairy cows during the transition from pregnancy to lactation; (3) To identify endocrine factors regulating the production of leptin by bovine adipose tissue; (4) To study the actions of leptin on bovine adipose and mammary tissues in vitro. However, BARD funded only the development of the bovine leptin RIA (Objective 1) for a single year. This report describes our work in completing this objective. Leptin, a protein hormone secreted predominantly by white adipose tissue, plays a critical role in the regulation of energy metabolism. In rodents and humans, leptin informs the central nervous system of the size of the energy reserves, coordinates adaptations to periods of nutrient insufficiency, and regulates the metabolism of key tissues involved in the storage and dissipation of energy. However, almost nothing is known on the biology of leptin in cattle, in part because of the absence of a valid assay to measure bovine leptin. To remediate this situation, we have developed a radioimmunoassay capable of measuring bovine leptin with a high degree of sensitivity, accuracy and precision. First, we produced recombinant bovine leptin and used it to immunize rabbits, and to prepare bovine leptin trace and standards. A single antiserum with sufficient affinity and titer was identified. Using this antiserum, binding of 125I bovine leptin was displaced in a dose dependent manner by the addition of bovine or ovine leptin. Serial dilution of bovine and ovine plasma gave displacement curves that were parallel to that of bovine or ovine leptin. Recoveries of external addition of bovine leptin in ewe and cow plasma ranged between 94 and 104%. Plasma leptin concentration measured by this assay was increased by the plane of nutrition in growing calves and lambs. Finally, plasma leptin concentration was linearly related to the fat content of the empty carcass in growing cattle. We conclude that circulating leptin in sheep and cattle is increased by fatness and plane of nutrition, consistent with results in humans and rodents. This assay provides an important tool to investigate mechanisms that regulate plasma leptin in cattle and sheep.
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