Teses / dissertações sobre o tema "Étude de données éducatives"
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Allègre, Olivier. "Adapting the Prerequisite Structure to the Learner in Student Modeling". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS116.
Texto completo da fonteData-driven learner models aim to represent and understand students' knowledge and other meta-cognitive characteristics to support their learning by making predictions about their future performance. Learner modeling can be approached using various complex system models, each providing a different perspective on the student and the learning process. Knowledge-enhanced machine learning techniques, such as Bayesian networks, are particularly well suited for incorporating domain knowledge into the learner model, making them a valuable tool in student modeling.This work explores the modeling and the potential applications of a new framework, called E-PRISM, for Embedding Prerequisite Relationships In Student Modeling, which includes a learner model based on dynamic Bayesian networks. It uses a new architecture for Bayesian networks that rely on the clause of Independence of Causal Influences (ICI), which reduces the number of parameters in the network and allows enhanced interpretability. The study examines the strengths of E-PRISM, including its ability to consider the prerequisite structure between knowledge components, its limited number of parameters, and its enhanced interpretability. The study also introduces a novel approach for approximate inference in large ICI-based Bayesian networks, as well as a performant parameter learning algorithm in ICI-based Bayesian networks. Overall, the study demonstrates the potential of E-PRISM as a promising tool for discovering the prerequisite structure of domain knowledge that may be adapted to the learner with the perspective of improving the outer-loop adaptivity
El, Hage Hala. "L’équité éducative dans le contexte de l’enseignement privé subventionné par l’Etat libanais : la résilience des enseignants. : étude menée au Liban-Nord". Thesis, Paris 8, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA080126.
Texto completo da fonteThe current Lebanese context of the education is characterized by a plurality of types of establishments and by a freedom of education. These establishments (public, private, subsidized) know, each at the level, of great difficulties which threaten them, and with real problems stressed by diverse social, economic and political phenomena. This reality has notable incidences on the current state of the school education generally, on the status of every type of school, on the professional level of the teachers and on the successes at school. Our study targets the subsidized schools, as constituting a Lebanese originality. It is a sector, situated in the crossing of the private and the public, offering a quality of education with an accessible schooling to a disadvantaged population. The study aims at seeing closely the stakes in terms of educational equity, and at spotting(locating), within a binding situation, the militant aspect of certain teachers of these schools, to limit(ease) the feelings of equity (on equity and sub-equity) and to reduce discard by the educational efficiency. The working conditions are at the origin of a professional exhaustion at certain teachers. They are besides an engine-challenge for other teachers who manage to develop professionally in spite of all the risk factors. This phenomenon is similar to the concept of “resiliency in education” introduced recently into the world of the education. The resiliency of the school staff appears then as an essential factor(mailman) valuing the professional evolution and the educational efficiency in modest school circles and having to regulate, in consequent, some in equities between learners and between school environment
Hajri, Hiba. "Personnalisation des MOOC par la réutilisation de Ressources Éducatives Libres". Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC046/document.
Texto completo da fonteFor many years now, personalization in TEL is a major subject of intensive research. With the spreading of Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC), the personalization issue becomes more acute. Actually, any MOOC can be followed by thousands of learners with different educational levels, learning styles, preferences, etc. So, it is necessary to present pedagogical contents taking into account their heterogeneous profiles so that they can maximize their benefit from following the MOOC.At the same time, the amount of Open Educational Resources (OER) available on the web is permanently growing. These OERs have to be reused in contexts different from the initial ones for which they were created.Indeed, producing quality OER is costly and requires a lot of time. Then, different metadata schemas are used to describe OER. However, the use of these schemas has led to isolated repositories of heterogeneous descriptions which are not interoperable. In order to address this problem, a solution adopted in the literature is to apply Linked Open Principles (LOD) to OER descriptions.In this thesis, we are interested in MOOC personalization and OER reuse. We design a recommendation technique which computes a set of OERs adapted to the profile of a learner attending some MOOC. The recommended OER are also adapted to the MOOC specificities. In order to find OER, we are interested in those who have metadata respecting LOD principles and stored in repositories available on the web and offering standardized means of access. Our recommender system is implemented in the MOOC platform Open edX and assessed using a micro jobs platform
Oyama, Seiko. "Politiques éducatives différentielles entre pluralisme culturel et intégration : une étude comparative des politiques éducatives destinées aux enfants d'immigrés en France et en Angleterre". Strasbourg, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009STRA4004.
Texto completo da fonteI will be studying the educational policies for immigrant children in France and in England to discuss their integration in the national education systems. In these two countries, the national ideologies are differently institutionalized in the public education systems. The different degrees of its institutionnalization will be studied by looking at the roles of the schools, content of the curriculum, as well as teacher perceptions and classroom practices. I will be analyzing various elements such as the economic objectives, social structures, and the cultural perspectives taken on by teachers. This study will show how these elements cause them to adopt and transmit the national ideologies in their teachings of immigrant children. It is my objective that the following investigations will facilitate to explain why the development of the national education systems of these two countries is so diverse and different. These investigations will be looking at the scope of cultural diversity in relation to immigrant children, their relationship to specific educational policies. The recent educational policies for the immigrant children are putting less priority on their cultural differences in France and England. In this respect, I will reveal certain skepticism to find an appropriate balance between a better achievement for these children and the respect for cultural pluralism
Hoang, Mai Khanh. "Les pratiques éducatives parentales et l'autonomie de l'enfant : étude comparative France - Viêt-Nam". Paris 10, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA100073.
Texto completo da fonteThe objective of this research consists in studying the educational practices of Vietnamese parents in relation with the child's autonomy, then in comparing the educational practices of the Vietnamese parents with those of the French parents. The Vietnamese parents describe their practices like cordial, encouraging the child's autonomy, rather than authoritarian, punitive. The results show the influence of the independent variables (sociocultural level, parent's and child's identity) on the educational practices. The results show the impact of the specificities cultural and social on the parental educational practices in France and in Vietnam, also the similar tendencies in the parental practices of the two cultural groups. This study reveals that, whatever the sociocultural context, the acquisition of the child's autonomy develops well in a cordial family atmosphere with implied parents
Dereux, Véronique. "Recherche sur les valeurs éducatives dans l'apprentissage de la danse". Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT5003.
Texto completo da fontePoussard, Cécile. "La compréhension de l'anglais oral et les technologies éducatives". Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/edutice-00000220.
Texto completo da fonteLee, Jeong-Min. "Situations éducatives et enseignement de la culture française dans les universités coréennes". Paris 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA030063.
Texto completo da fonteLearning a foreign language is by excellence the occasion to meet with the Other’s culture. And the knowledge appropriation relating to this foreign culture permits, beyond the mere learning of a language, the acquisition of communication competency in a language foreign to one’s own. Such dual and reciprocal process, enabling one to set up relationships on a reciprocal basis with people belonging to a foreign community, allows to open one’s mind to a different world; a world within which the Foreigner is naturally fully immerged. The very processes of teaching/learning in a foreign langue/culture happens in a given educational context which naturally shapes and frames the conceptions and practices, in which the teacher and the learners are engaged in a language course, where the primary language/culture and the target langue/culture are confronted, the teacher with his didactic convictions and the learners with their own representations. The research theme of the thesis focuses on the complex relationships between the situational variables and the teaching practices. This research is focused on the teaching of french culture, as organized and practiced within the framework of the university education in Korea, with the objective to find ways to adapt the didactic choices to educational conditions subjected to the internal and external constraints, of a specific institutional space. To meet its objectives, the thesis describes first the fundamental characteristics of the Korean system in terms of socio-educational, linguistic, cultural and didactic factors. The educational concepts, the relationship with foreigners and the various semi-traditional and semi-evolutive modes of knowledge transfer/acquisition are being presented. Starting form the description and analysis of online data and surveys, a study is conducted on the influence, contextual variables may have upon the very concept of teaching/learning of a foreign culture/language and on its actual practice. Then, are highlighted the fundamental issues related to the actual implementation of the teaching of the French culture within the university framework. This is tackled under different angles including socio-institutional change factors, curriculum settings and the methodological practices. The thesis describes the institutional modifications brought by political decisions, answering to the increasing interest for cultural studies within the framework of French teaching, the didactic orientations of those, in its remarkable evolution and the prospects for teaching/learning adopted in the teaching practices. Consideration is also given to, following the description and analysis of data collected through direct surveys, interviews with key-players involved in the higher education, documentations related to teaching programs and questionnaires, some research themes and suggestions related to the formalization of the teaching of the French culture within the Korean university context
Raby, Françoise. "Apprentissage de l'anglais et nouvelles technologies éducatives : contribution de l'ergonomie cognitive à la didactique des langues". Bordeaux 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996BOR21004.
Texto completo da fonteGuedat-Bittighoffer, Delphine. "Les élèves allophones à l'épreuve de l'apprentissage d'une langue seconde : des politiques éducatives au processus de compréhension". Nantes, 2014. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=322d9fa0-1485-4c19-b685-9e8e43460c1a.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis draws on the sciences of language and of sciences of education to analyse how high school age allophone students learn a second language, with an emphasis on the processes of comprehension. We gathered our data in situ in four educational authorities between January 2011 and May 2012. Our first step was to examine recommended educational policies, and how they were applied to allophone students within the framework used to integrate them. A preliminary series of interviews of a sample group of 26 students, enabled us to measure the importance of the role of comprehension, and in particular oral comprehension, in the acquisition of a second language. A second series of interviews focused on the factors that help or hinder the process of comprehension in allophone learners. To this end we analysed the axiologico-affective elements of the students’ discourse and identified their learned strategies. We also set out to answer a larger question, which addresses the elements that favour or inhibit the “success” of these students in an “ordinary class”, based on variables presented as the portrait of an “ideal student type”. In this way we were able to show the importance of creating an emotionally secure environment in which to learn a second language for adolescents who are in exile. We also revealed the need for the educational establishment to take into account the cultural diversity and linguistic differences present within the classroom
Sedooka, Ayuko. "La pertinence du concept d'individualisme dans l'analyse des questions et des situations éducatives japonaises contemporaines". Paris 5, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA05H066.
Texto completo da fonteThis research, dealing with the traditional opposition between individualism and holism, is conducted in a philosophical as well as in an anthropological frame. These concepts are occupying a much more important place and are more often employed, especially in an educational field, while their signification remains ambiguous. This study aims to question the term of individualism in a particular national context - Japan - in a specific educative context - the primary school. After making an analysis between individualism and holism in the occidental world, this research questions the emerging conditions of the individualism in Japan, knowing that the Japanese society is often considered to be an ' 'holistic" society. According to a historical and a sociolinguistic analysis on the development of individualism in the Japanese society, it appears that the concept has gone through a number of changes and has adopted specific aspects, reflecting the perception of the individual in the Japanese civilization. The ethnographic research, conducted in a Japanese primary school, clarifies the individual's position within Japanese social relations. Through the observation of school life and the creation of an experimental tool - children's writing - the cultural and ethnic representations emerge, linked to the children's work of self expression and strongly related to Japanese values
Benhassen, Lobna. "Politiques éducatives, croissance économique et inégalités : étude dans le cadre de modèles à générations imbriquées". Aix-Marseille 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002AIX24020.
Texto completo da fonteChaput, Jodet Dominique. "Araignées et scorpions : données toxicologiques et étude homéopathique". Bordeaux 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR25064.
Texto completo da fonteCazals, Catherine. "Transitions emploi-retraite : étude économétrique sur données individuelles". Toulouse 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU10007.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is concerned with the study of changes in working status for individuals reaching the age of retirement on the United States labour market. First, we estimate instantaneous transition rates between three states: full-time work, part-time work, retirement. The results show significant age effects and some individual mobility, with in particular, some return to the labour market after some period of retirement, and transitions from part-time to full-time work, even for advanced ages. In a second part, we study more precisely a particular transition: the first fulltime work cessation. We examine then individual determinants of full-time work duration from the fifty-eight age on, assuming several issues to this period: a part-time job, unemployment retirement and inactivity. In particular, two variables have significant effects: income and health. Lower incomes favour later retirement and bad health favour on earlier one (more often complete inactivity). Finally, we examine the effect of many individual characteristics on instantaneous transition rates between the three states: full-time work, part-time work and retirement for the period 1969-1979, with a specification for these rates that allow us to identify age effect and duration effect separately. We find then, as main favourable factors to transition to diminishing work effort: age, bad health, or mandatory retirement clause
AMMACHE, ZAKARIA. "L'alimentation entérale ultra précoce chez le brûlé : données expérimentales : données cliniques : étude de tolérance". Toulouse 3, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOU31062.
Texto completo da fonteBen, Mehrez Nadia. "Étude sur le filtrage et la compression des données". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ35720.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteChebchoub, Assia. "Données aberrantes en régression : étude théorique, programmation et applications". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066139.
Texto completo da fonteBadr, Youakim. "Couplage documents et bases de données : étude et réalisation". Lyon, INSA, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ISAL0079.
Texto completo da fonteUntil recently, databases proved to be a robust and mature technology. They have served well the needs of applications for which they were designed. Today, in the age of XML and multimedia documents, a variety of document-based applications begin to be identified. Documents are in wide use because of being more flexible in capturing much greater variety of data types, including images, sound, video clips and specially paragraphs of free text. They are designed for human consumption and production. When documents are the norm in human activities, sophisticated techniques developed for databases no longer apply. Coupling documents and databases reveals an increasing awareness in the computer science community. How can we develop a generic approach that ensures flexible and well-adapted information capture based on XML documents and at the same time efficient information retrieval and manipulation based on databases? This dissertation presents the Coupling Approach to integrate XML documents of text in natural language and Object-Relational databases. The Coupling Approach starts with the database schema to produce XML DTDs of arbitrary complexity to cover user and application needs. At this point, users or third party applications generate XML documents containing relevant data and conforming to these DTDs. In the case of paragraphs in natural language, the Coupling Approach carries out information extraction and manipulation of relevant data whereas in the case of elementary the Coupling Approach applies only data manipulation. In both cases, the manipulation restructures the data in documents into a valid format easy to store in the database. An interesting characteristic of the Coupling Approach is the integration of Information Extraction System and the design of expressive extraction patterns. However, behind the scene we have provided algorithms and necessary formalisms to reduce human interventions and conceive an approach independent from any application domain. To test our ideas, we have developed a modular architecture and we have implemented a prototype. Finally, we have validated the prototype on small corpus of medical records
Quiquerez, Laurent. "Étude de convertisseurs de données Sigma-Delta haute résolution". Lille 1, 1999. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1999/50376-1999-27.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteMercier-Wiart, Françoise. "Le management de l'école à l'épreuve de réalités éducatives et sociales. Entre confiance et défiance : étude de cas". Lille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL30067.
Texto completo da fonteCaron, Pierre-Yves. "Étude du potentiel de OLAP pour supporter l'analyse spatio-temporelle". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq33593.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteAsem, Adel Ahmad. "Étude des données satellitaires multispectrales-multisources : application au bilan énergétique". Paris 11, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA112011.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis discusses the analysis and application of remotely sensed data from multispectral and multisource origins. The objective is to estimate physical parameters at the earth surface such as shortwave and longwave fluxes. Data from geostationary (METEOSAT) and polar orbiting (NOAA) satellites are used. The approach is based on analyzing the multispectral and multisource data from three different aspects: geometrical, radiometrical, and the removal of atmospheric effects. • In the geometrical analysis, the thesis presents two accurate methods to reference or navigate images of NOAA AVHRR and METEOSAT. The methods are used to register and/or rectify images. • In the radiometrical analysis, the thesis presents an automatic and operational procedure to calibrate the infrared radiometers on board geostationary satellites using infrared data from radiometers on board polar orbiting satellites. • The removal of atmospheric effects on satellite data is applied, in this thesis, to the infrared radiometers of NOAA and METEOSAT. The study presents a new analytical procedure which includes the effects of nonlinear absorption of the water vapor contents. Tests on real data showed a remarkable improvement on the retrieval of the sea surface temperatures from satellite data. To simplify the complexity of the above treatment, the thesis presents an image database system designed and implemented to automatically handle the above procedures so that a user can, inter actively, execute any operation without having to know, in details, the technical aspects of each operation. The thesis covers the theoretical development of each procedure and its application to real data
Parent, Olivier. "Analyse Bayésienne des externalités de connaissance : étude sur données européennes". Saint-Etienne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STETT074.
Texto completo da fonteThis study investigates the pattern of knowledge spillovers arising from patent activity between European regions. A Bayesian hierarchical model is developed that specifies the connectivity structure between regions by relying on both technological and geographical proximity. This approach exploits the fact that interregional relationships tend to exhibit industry-specific technological linkages, and is in contrast with typical spatial connectivity structures that rely exclusively on the geographic or spatial configuration of the regions. The model also accounts for heteroscedasticity in innovative activity across regions using a mixture of normal distributions approach suggested by Geweke (1993) for the disturbance process. This approach results in a robust approach to modeling of spatially dependent data that incorporates an approach similar to Jaffe's (1986) measure of knowledge proximity between regions as part of the spatial model specification process. The method is illustrated using sample data on patent activity covering 335regions in nine European countries
Ramos, Yuddy. "Étude du potentiel des données satellitaires pour la cartographie géologique". Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2009. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2628.
Texto completo da fonteAmerijckx, Gaëlle. "Le bien-être des jeunes enfants. Problématisation de la notion et étude socio-écologique au sein d'institutions socio-éducatives". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/218961.
Texto completo da fonteDoctorat en Sciences de la santé Publique
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Mendes, Paul. "La langue française aux îles du Cap-Vert : réalités et perspectives de politique et planification linguistiques et éducatives". Grenoble 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009GRE39017.
Texto completo da fonteThe french language in Cape Verde, from the discovery of the archipelago till nowadays, has known an evolution never really studied in its totality. A diachronic and synchronic analysis of this evolution permits to enhance a set of factors that have determined and determine the various realities to which is submitted this language in the Capverdean context. One raises among these factors the presence on the archipelago of speakers and french-speaking structures and their conscious or unconscious actions in favor or to the detriment of the development of french language in the country. In the same way to this situation, there are also two other parameters not less important that are, on the one hand, the linguistic and educational policies and plannings set up and developed by a legal entity and which concern, in particular, the french language on the archipelago, and on the other hand, the different representations of this language that come from certain categories of the population and structures of the capverdean society. These different factors and parameters explain largely the realities to which the french language is submitted on the archipelago. Ln their turn these realities are going to act on the curve of evolution of this language because of impacts they are going to have on its teaching/learning process but also on the teachers training of this language (which, according to the capverdean context, constitute the two main columns sustaining ail actual development politics of the french as a foreign language). These impacts can be positive and or negative and therefore contribute or harm to the actual development of the french in the country. Conscious of interdependence links (conscious or unconscious) that bind these agents between them and to situations intervening directly or indirectly in the development of the French language on the archipelago, we judge important, or even indispensable, to act upstream on the factors and parameters initially presented in order to favor the emergency of optimal conditions that can facilitate the above mentioned development
Hussein, Ayman. "Usages des ressources éducatives libres dans la mise en œuvre des programmes de l'école élémentaire : le français et les sciences-technologie au cycle 3". Thesis, Amiens, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AMIE0006.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation, dealing with open educational resources in digital format by schoolteachers, aims at considering the pedagogical concerns of those resources, mainly in French language and science technology in the cycle 3 of primary school. Classroom observations, questionnaire surveys, studying a body of documents (comprised of files related to the Information Technology and Internet Certificate Level 2 - Teacher (ITIC)), and semi-structured interviews with the teachers of 3rd cycle help collect relatively convergent data on this subject matter.The main findings and conclusions of this research are the following ones : regarding the uses : the teachers we interviewed use open digital resources that are often associated with other pedagogical resources and take sometimes the same role as other resources in the teaching of French language, science and technology in the 3rd cycle. Thus, the use of these open resources is well established in science and technology more than in the teaching of French language. Regarding the educational concerns : we found that these resources could modify and even encourage practices related to planning, to the adjustment and to the implementation of elementary instructions. They pave the way to other opportunities for teachers to consolidate learning activities, by allowing pupils to validate various, documented, and sometimes, collaborative tasks. These opportunities are the immediate outcomes of the use of a number of open resources such as Framacalc, Vikidia, Wikimine
Luu, Viet Hung. "Étude du champ électromagnétique et interprétation de données magnétotelluriques au Vietnam". Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112350.
Texto completo da fonteThis thesis is devoted to the study of the electrical structure of the Earth’s crust in two regions of Vietnam (the Red River Delta in the north and the region of the Saigon River fault in the south) and in West Africa. The data were those acquired during the International Year of the Equatorial Electrojet (IYEE). The technique used is the magnetotelluric (MT) sounding method. Two of the regions studied (southern Vietnam and West Africa) are located near the magnetic equator. Due to the presence of the equatorial electrojet in these regions, the assumption of plane wave, on which MT relies, is valid for a limited range of periods. Modeling of the induction by a Gaussian electrojet allowed us to characterize the source effect associated with the equatorial electrojet, and to determine for each studied region the period ranges for which the source effect is negligible. We have also shown that the source effect associated with the equatorial electrojet depends on the main features of the electrical structure of the basement, and the distance between the center of the equatorial electrojet and the location of the considered station. In the Red River Delta at the north, the MT profile is oriented SW-NE. It is about 32 km long, and goes across the major faults of the Red River fault system. MT data were applied 2-D inversion to obtain a electrical cross-section for the first three kilometers of the crust. This electrical cross-section, a density cross-section obtained by modeling of gravity data collected along the same profile, and information derived from holes drilled in the vicinity of the profile, both were used to construct a geological section of the study area. In the region of the Saigon River fault, the magnetotelluric profile is about 15 km long. It goes across the supposed location of the fault. The electrical structure of the first three kilometers of the crust was determined by 2-D inversion of data for periods which are not affected by the equatorial electrojet (< 0.7 s). The electrical cross-section obtained allowed us to propose a new location for the Saigon River fault; it corresponds to the boundary between a resistant domain, the block of Da Lat in the north-east, and a less resistant domain, the block of Can Tho in the south-west. This new location is about 2.2 km southwest of the location currently assumed for this fault. In West Africa, we have shown that electromagnetic impedances derived using day time data are affected by the equatorial electrojet for the whole range of period studied (> 120 s), so these data have not been used to determine the electrical structure of the crust and the upper mantle. The 2-D inversion of nighttime data shows the presence of a subvertical structure, relatively conductive, which separates the West African Craton which is very resistant from the geological structures beneath the Senegal River basin
Jeria, Caceres Maria. "Représentations simultanées en analyse de données structurées : étude de diverses solutions". Paris, EHESS, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994EHES0059.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation deals with methods of structured data analysis in social sciences. It examines in detail non-symmetric binary square and ternary cubic tables in order to review the different representations of lines and collumns profiles in a same space. In those analyses a proeminent place is given to the french methods of data analysis. A comparison is made with mds, used by anglo-saxons in similar cases. We also compare the log-linear and linear models on a sociological set of secondary data. All those comparisons are based on a same single posterior method of interpretation. Both french and anglo-saxon methods produce geometric representations in a a euclidean framework whose interpretation is made in terms of distances along the line of research developed by the group mathematics and psychology around the language for interrogating data. Thus a request of this language generates a detailed visual exploration of the data in parallel with calculations of contributions and importances of effects (analysis of variance is here used as a post-factorial method). This strategy is used here not only for data exploration but also as a tool for comparing methods
Arnould, Philippe. "Étude de la localisation d'un robot mobile par fusion de données". Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993INPL095N.
Texto completo da fonteEt-Tolba, Mohamed. "Transmission de données pour le HSDPA et étude des algorithmes HARQ". Télécom Bretagne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2006TELB0024.
Texto completo da fonteThe major evolution of UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications System) in recent years is the High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) which provides data rates up to 10 Mbps. The implementation of HSDPA includes multicode transmission in joint application with Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) as well as Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ). This thesis deals with the implementation of the HSDPA simulator in FDD (FrequencyDivision Duplex) mode according to 3GPP technical specifications. It also aims to study the HARQ algorithms for HSDPA. The performance of AMC is significantly degraded when higher order modulation (16-QAM) is used in a multipath environnement. Moreover, the HSDPA simulator requires a very long time of computation to provide good performance in multipath channel. In order to solve this problem, we have introduced a simplified simulator which exploits the performance of HSDPA over gaussien channel as look-up tables to compute the block error rate in multipath channel. To make the AMC technique more powerful, we have implemented the HARQ technique. It combines ARQ methods with turbo coding. There are two fundamental approaches for HARQ : the first is Chase approach in which retransmissions are identical to the original transmission, the second approach is IR (Incremental Redundancy) in which the retransmissions carry additionnal redundancy. The performance analysis shows that a significant gain is offered by HARQ after only 2 transmissions. However this technique can exhibit an error floor when using higher order modulation in multipath environnement. As a solution to this limitation, we have employed HARQ technique combined with soft Multipath Interference Cancellation (MPIC). For enhancing this method, we have proposed to use the constellation rearrangement technique which provides additionnal diversity by changing the constellation from one transmission to other. With this techniques, very good performance is offered, and the error floor is mitigated or completely removed
Cortier, Claude. "Institution de l'Alliance française et émergence de la francophonie : politiques linguistiques et éducatives : 1880-1914". Lyon 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO20003.
Texto completo da fonteThe "alliance francaise was founded in 1884 by many personalities of the french government, for the "propagation" of the french language in the new colonies and in the foreign countries. During the first decade (1884-1894) the association organized the propaganda to provide funds to create schools in the "uncivilized" territories, and assist the private or religious institutions in the colonies orprotectorates in africa or asia, in the way of the international berlin conference of 1885. Then, the alliance francaise, decided to change its orientation and began an important action of propaganda and teaching in europe, america and latin america, where she will obtain an extraordinary development after the second world war. The first part of the thesis presents a discourse analysis of the propaganda for the association (1884-1890) to define the character, the image and to approach the ideology : lexical analysis and semantic comments about the terms "association, "alliance", "nation","patrie". The second part studies the emergent "francophonie" in the frame of colonial expansion. The analysis tries to design an epistemological disposition in the discourses about language-people-nation,the relationships between comparative philology and nascent social-psychological domain, on one side, and geographical and geopolitical configuration, on the other side, designing families of languages. A study of two geographical publications (o. Reclus and p. Foncin) about the french language in the world completes this part. The third part presents an analysis of laudatory discourses about french language pronounced by personalities like e. Renan or j. Simon and explains some processes of corpus planning in the institutionalization of the french language, representations and "mythifications" like universality or clarity, assimilation language-monument. The last part of the thesis examines the action of teaching and cultural assimilation in the colonies, the didactic experiments in relation with contemporary linguistics. The association founded in 1894 one of the first "summer university" for foreigner student or teachers of french language. A final study of the nascent "alliances" in latin america permits to imagine and look forward the future and successful development of the institution on this continent
Hamelin, Nicole. "Les adjointes et les adjoints d'enseignement oeuvrant auprès de l'enfance en difficulté : une étude de leur participation aux activités éducatives". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/7894.
Texto completo da fonteRaso, Maria Vincenza. "Étude des pratiques éducatives relatives aux situations de conflit, de violence et d’incivilité dans les écoles primaires du Val d'Aoste". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0318.
Texto completo da fonteOur research explores educational practices, in the management of conflict, violence and incivility situations among pupils, in order to understand their impact on the social development of the individual. We assume that these practices arise from pedagogy of non-violence and act by limiting any form of physical interaction between students, whether it is a playful interaction or an intentional assault.This study, carried out in three primary schools in Aosta Valley, combines a quantitative and qualitative methodology : questionnaires (472 families); explicitation (Vermersch, 2006) and collective interviews (49 teachers) ; observations in schools (24 teachers, 194 pupils).First, our results focus on the modeling of these educational practices, confronted to the multi-dimensionality and variety of aggressive manifestations and to the involvement of the teacher subjectivity in their appreciation. Secondly, they show a distinctive educational action according to whether the interaction is verbal - managed mainly by dialogical mediation - or physical - engaging more directive strategies. It is in this way that the regulation of fighting games shows this attention to the safety of pupils and a pacify human relations intent. Our reflection question teachers' training and suggest prospects for future research. In this context, the management of social interactions in schools is a socially vivid question (Legardez and Simonneaux, 2006), because it raises in society, in reference knowledge and in school knowledge
Benoist, Jean-Claude. "Projet et prise de décision dans des institutions de formation : "étude du management participatif d'associations éducatives en Ille-et-Vilaine "". Tours, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992TOUR2001.
Texto completo da fonteIt is common in decision making, to associate however the information level of different actors with their own plans (h. A. Simon). The determining elements in decision making are integrate into an evolutionary field in a decisional mode include in an organizational structure. In there you can find the information system end his control, the operational standardized procedures and the personality of the different actors. One may also think that the field of decision in an association has its own characteristics and that it can be probably affected in its planning procedures by the rationality of decisions to be made. The multiplicity of partners, the great number the of interactions possibilities, the negociations between the various elements can change the processes. The following study attempts to apprehend the opposition between "planning and decision making" for peoplewho are working in training establishments with alternation pedagogy in "maison familiales of ille et vilaine france". To give a special pertinence to our "action research" we have using with nine associations the nominal group technique (ngt). This tool (ngt), virtually unknown in france, but used in usa and canada proved here, to be effective in management throught the participation in decision making with about one hundred actors. The ngt turned out to be a precise instrument as regards planning for associations and a good
Taton, Romain. "Étude comparative des trajectoires développementales de personnes présentant un Trouble du Spectre de l'Autisme (TSA) et bénéficiant d'interventions psycho-éducatives". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB119/document.
Texto completo da fonteBackgroud : The treatment of people with autism, in France, is the subject of recommendations of good practices published by the High health authorities, those are actually supported through the autism plan 2013-2017. According to those recommendations, developemental, cognitive and behavioral approachs are central and research works still essential. Objective : This doctoral reseach is focusing on psycho-educational strategies used by different medico-social institutions on ASD people of various developemental profils and various behaviors. The purpose is to analyse the impact of those strategies on psycho-educational development, socio-adaptative evolution and autistic behaviors over a period of three years. Hypothesis : We assume that developmental trajectories on cognitives and socio-adaptatives abilities as well as on autistic behaviors are determined by the implementation quality of the psycho-educational interventions, regardless the age range and the autism severity degree of people with autism. Methodology : The population studied in this research comprehends 158 people with autism, children (N=54), teenagers (N=19) and adults (N=105). They all received psycho-educational interventions in differents specialised instituitions (Mainly in Normandy, some in the Great Est). Research tools : - The developmental trajectories have been determined on the basis of regular psycho-educational and socio-adaptatif évaluations during a three years period, with VINELANDII and PEP3. In addition, the ECAR-T has been used to evaluate autistic behaviors. - To evaluate the implementation quality of treatments into the institutions, we built an original evaluation scale measuring the psycho-educational intervention properties. This tool enables to determine actions in place inside institutons, and to make objective measurements about the actual implantation level of psycho-educational programs into those institutions. Data processing : The data process aims to validate the MIPE. It will also be used to estimate the impact of interventions and their characteristics on developmental trajectory. Findings : Results enable to validate the MIPE scale, which makes objective measurements about the actual implantation level of psycho-educational programs. Data process also emphasizes the relevance of the approach offered to our population sample, regardless the age range and the autism severity degree. Conclusion : The outcoume of this study demonstrate not only the relevance of psycho-educational intervention and their display modality for people with autism living in institution, regardless their age (children, teenager, adults), it also highlighs the importance of their implementation characteristics
Calop, Nathalie. "Explicitation des attentes éducatives du patient vis-à-vis de l’acteur de santé : le cas du patient âgé chronique sous A.V.K". Grenoble 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004GRE29043.
Texto completo da fonteBen, Fadhel Slah eddine. "Dynamiques éducatives sociofamiliales et acquisition de l'écrit au cycle des apprentissages fondamentaux : une approche comparative d'enfants de classes d'adaptation et d'enfant tout-venant". Toulouse 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU2A047.
Texto completo da fonteLundqvist, Olivier. "La spatialisation de données climatiques, une étude du climat de la Saskatchewan". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0001/MQ31757.pdf.
Texto completo da fonteRuggiero, Giovanni Abdelnur. "Une étude comparative de méthodes d'assimilation de données pour des modèles océaniques". Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00976619.
Texto completo da fonteLe, Goff-Le Cam Michèle. "Mycobacterium avium intracellulare : Pouvoir pathogène, étude des données récentes de la bibliographie". Nantes, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NANT054M.
Texto completo da fonteMialed, Karima. "Contraintes et structures financières des entreprises innovantes : une étude sur données américaines". Paris 12, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA123002.
Texto completo da fonteThis dissertation examines the issue of the innovative firms financing. Two main aspects are highlighted, using financial theory. First, the impact of financial constraints on investment on Research and Development. Second, the financial pattern choice of innovative firms. Concerning the first issue, estimations reveal that investment on Research and Development is financially constrained. The extent of these constraints depends on the firm’s size: small and medium sized firms are more constrained than larger ones. Moreover, financial constraints appear to be stronger for medium sized firms, relative to smaller firms. Concerning the second issue, estimations show that innovative firms do not use bank loans as their main source of financing. Their financing is instead based on equity and bond issuing. Furthermore, the choice between the latter is strongly affected by their size: small and medium sized firms use mainly the issue of equities, while large firms opt for bond issuing
Le, Fol Gaëlle. "Microstructure et données haute fréquence : une étude du marché français des actions". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010061.
Texto completo da fonteEl, Asri Mohamed. "Étude des M-estimateurs et leurs versions pondérées pour des données clusterisées". Thesis, Avignon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AVIG0411/document.
Texto completo da fonteM-estimators were first introduced by Huber (1964) as robust estimators of location and gave rise to a substantial literature. For results on their asymptotic behavior and robustness (using the study of the influence func- tion and the breakdown point), we may refer in particular to the books of Huber (1981) and Hampel et al. (1986). For more recent references, we may cite the work of Ruiz-Gazen (2012) with a nice introductory presentation of robust statistics, and the book of Van der Vaart (2000) for results, in the independent and identically distributed setting, concerning convergence and asymptotic normality in the multivariate setting considered throughout this paper. Most of references address the case where the data are independent and identically distributed. However clustered, and hierarchical, data frequently arise in applications. Typically the facility location problem is an important research topic in spatial data analysis for the geographic location of some economic activity. In this field, recent studies perform spatial modelling with clustered data (see e.g. Liao and Guo, 2008; Javadi and Shahrabi, 2014, and references therein). Concerning robust estimation, Nevalainen et al. (2006) study the spatial median for the multivariate one-sample location problem with clustered data. They show that the intra-cluster correlation has an impact on the asymptotic covariance matrix. The weighted spatial median, introduced in their pioneer paper of 2007, has a superior efficiency with respect to its unweighted version, especially when clusters’ sizes are heterogenous or in the presence of strong intra-cluster correlation. The class of weighted M-estimators (introduced in El Asri, 2013) may be viewed as a generalization of this work to a broad class of estimators: weights are assigned to the objective function that defines M-estimators. The aim is, for example, to adapt M-estimators to the clustered structures, to the size of clusters, or to clusters including extremal values, in order to increase their efficiency or robustness. In this thesis, we study the almost sure convergence of unweighted and weighted M-estimators and establish their asymptotic normality. Then, we provide consistent estimators of the asymptotic variance and derived, numerically, optimal weights that improve the relative efficiency to their unweighted versions. Finally, from a weight-based formulation of the breakdown point, we illustrate how these optimal weights lead to an altered breakdown point
Martin, Hugo. "Étude de données et analyse de modèles intégro-différentiels en biologie cellulaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS668.
Texto completo da fonteIn this dissertation, we are interested in the study of some dynamics in molecular biology, making us of mathematical analysis of established models, modelling and data analysis. The first two chapters focus on growth-fragmentation equations with linear growth rate. We are first interested in the recent so-called incremental model, describing a bacterial population. We prove the existence and uniqueness of the solution of the eigenproblem in a weighted Lebesgue space. Then we study the asymptotic behaviour of measures solutions of the growth-fragmentation equation in the equal mitosis case. A solution is then expressed as a semigroup acting on an initial condition. We extend to this framework a known phenomenon of long time oscillating dynamics, which results here in a weak convergence of the solution towards a periodic family of measures. The third chapter deals with the joint dynamics between mesenchymal, pre-adipocyte and adipocyte cells. We propose a non-linear model in which the growth rate depends on the average size of the latter and analyze it using both analytical and numerical approaches. In the last chapter, we carry out a statistical analysis of experimental data from individual yeast lines. In particular, we highlight the existence of distinct phenomena between early arrests and replicative senescence. Finally, we propose a refinement of an existing model, now able to describe the generation of onset of senescence for all the lineages
Pinheiro, Augusto Luís de Brito Henriques. "L' enseignant - étudiant et l'enseignant - en - service : étude longitudinale de l'évolution des représentations sur l'enfance, le développement et les orientations éducatives". Aix-Marseille 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX10054.
Texto completo da fonteIwai, Kaori. "Mondialisation, politiques et pratiques éducatives nationales : l'éducation artistique dans cinq pays (Afrique du Sud, Brésil, Etats-Unis, France et Japon)". Paris 13, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA131007.
Texto completo da fonteEducation in every country has been influenced by bilateral and international relationships. After the Second World War, when international organizations were established and started to play a referential and normative role at the international level, national educational policies began to be influenced more rapidly and strongly by the international tendency. Within this current circumstance, this thesis analyses the following questions: how does the international educational tendency influence educational policies, especially those of arts education, which is one of the subjects most sensitive to contextual changes? How are the national educational policies applied by the teachers on the ground? Analysis of the relationship between the international tendency and national education policies indicates that since the nineteenth century, the international tendency in art education has influenced continuously the educational policies of the five countries selected for this research (South Africa, Brazil, the USA, France and Japan) in reflecting a cyclical effect between an objective oriented to “interest and feeling” and that oriented to “intelligence and knowledge. ” Today, the international tendency prompts political speakers in each country to appreciate arts education, as it could be instrumental in promoting national social reforms. An objective oriented to “sociability and practical life” gradually is being stressed. In light of the activities on the ground, even though national education policies change, teachers usually remain conservative and need time to adapt to new educational policies. The gap between national policies and the implementation in the classroom is caused by insufficient information, teacher training and educational resources. Teacher education, especially in-service teacher training, should play an important role in connecting teachers and national educational policies concerning arts education, and in improving the quality of artistic activities implemented by teachers in classrooms
Laabi, Abderrazzak. "Étude et réalisation de la gestion des articles appartenant à des bases de données gérées par une machine bases de données". Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112338.
Texto completo da fonteThe work presented in this thesis is part of a study and development project concerning the design of three layers of the DBMS on the DORSAL-32 Data Base Machine. The first layer ensures record management within the storage areas, record and page locking organization according to the access mode and transaction coherency degree. It ensures also the handling of micro-logs which permit to guarantee the atomicity of an action. The second layer ensures handling of transaction logging and warm restarts which guarantee the atomicity and durability of a transaction. The third layer ensures simultaneous access management and handling of lock tables. Performance measures of the methods used are also presented. The last chapter of this report contains a research work concerning the implementation of the virtual linear hashing method in our DBMS. The problem studied is the transfer of records from one page to another. Under these conditions, the record pointers which are classically used don't permit direct access. We propose a new pointer which enables direct access to the record, on no matter which page it is contained at a given instant
Cortier, Julien. "Étude mathématique de Trous Noirs et de leurs données initiales en Relativité Générale". Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00629802.
Texto completo da fonteGaulme, Patrick. "Sismologie jovienne : étude des oscillations par photométrie visible et analyse de données spectrométriques". Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011969.
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